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Journal articles on the topic 'Stack'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Zhou, Wei, Haoran Li, Shiya Wen, et al. "Simulation of Soil Organic Carbon Content Based on Laboratory Spectrum in the Three-Rivers Source Region of China." Remote Sensing 14, no. 6 (2022): 1521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14061521.

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) changes affect the land carbon cycle and are also closely related to climate change. Visible-near infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIRS) has proven to be an effective tool in predicting soil properties. Spectral transformations are necessary to reduce noise and ensemble learning methods can improve the estimation accuracy of SOC. Yet, it is still unclear which is the optimal ensemble learning method exploiting the results of spectral transformations to accurately simulate SOC content changes in the Three-Rivers Source Region of China. In this study, 272 soil samples were co

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Xu, Yine, Qi Yu, Yan Zhang, and Weichun Ma. "Numerical Study on the Plume Behavior of Multiple Stacks of Container Ships." Atmosphere 12, no. 5 (2021): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12050600.

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This paper showed different plume behaviors of exhausts from different number of stacks of the container ship, using CFD code PHOENICS version 6.0. The plume behavior was quantitatively analyzed by mass fraction of the pollutant in the exhaust and plume heights. Three simplified typical configurations were constructed by CFD according to the investigation of container ships. The configurations included a single main stack (BL1), one main stack and multiple auxiliary stacks (BL2), and two main stacks and multiple auxiliary stacks (BL3). All the main stacks had the same emission characteristics,

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Muthusundari, S., V. Devi, S. Sharath Kumar, et al. "Stack sort – a new approach with sorting network and a buffer." Salud, Ciencia y Tecnología - Serie de Conferencias 3 (June 14, 2024): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.56294/sctconf2024898.

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Knuth introduced the problem of stack sorting. Stack sorting was implemented by t stacks in series. In this paper, we propose a new dimension to stack sorting problem by introducing a stack with sorting network and a petty buffer. Instead of using t stacks in series, it helps to improve the performance by avoiding shuffles the stack. The basic idea behind in this paper is to perform a stack sorting with a single stack, and to achieve greater performance. In this novel approach, 2 bit buffer is compared to stack and insert the element into stack in order to avoid multiple stack. The result show

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Bursztyn, Henrique, Francesco Noseda, and Chenchang Zhu. "Principal Actions of Stacky Lie Groupoids." International Mathematics Research Notices 2020, no. 16 (2018): 5055–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rny142.

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Abstract Stacky Lie groupoids are generalizations of Lie groupoids in which the “space of arrows” of the groupoid is a differentiable stack. In this paper, we consider actions of stacky Lie groupoids on differentiable stacks and their associated quotients. We provide a characterization of principal actions of stacky Lie groupoids, that is, actions whose quotients are again differentiable stacks in such a way that the projection onto the quotient is a principal bundle. As an application, we extend the notion of Morita equivalence of Lie groupoids to the realm of stacky Lie groupoids, providing

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Kim, Hanki, Jiyeon Choi, Namjo Jeong, et al. "Correlations between Properties of Pore-Filling Ion Exchange Membranes and Performance of a Reverse Electrodialysis Stack for High Power Density." Membranes 11, no. 8 (2021): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11080609.

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The reverse electrodialysis (RED) stack-harnessing salinity gradient power mainly consists of ion exchange membranes (IEMs). Among the various types of IEMs used in RED stacks, pore-filling ion exchange membranes (PIEMs) have been considered promising IEMs to improve the power density of RED stacks. The compositions of PIEMs affect the electrical resistance and permselectivity of PIEMs; however, their effect on the performance of large RED stacks have not yet been considered. In this study, PIEMs of various compositions with respect to the RED stack were adopted to evaluate the performance of

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6

Halpern-Leistner, Daniel, and Anatoly Preygel. "Mapping stacks and categorical notions of properness." Compositio Mathematica 159, no. 3 (2023): 530–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x22007667.

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One fundamental consequence of a scheme $X$ being proper is that the functor classifying maps from $X$ to any other suitably nice scheme or algebraic stack is representable by an algebraic stack. This result has been generalized by replacing $X$ with a proper algebraic stack. We show, however, that it also holds when $X$ is replaced by many examples of algebraic stacks which are not proper, including many global quotient stacks. This leads us to revisit the definition of properness for stacks. We introduce the notion of a formally proper morphism of stacks and study its properties. We develop

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Toën, Bertrand. "Descente fidèlement plate pour les n-champs d’Artin." Compositio Mathematica 147, no. 5 (2011): 1382–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x10005245.

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AbstractWe prove two flat descent results in the setting of Artin n-stacks. First of all, a stack for the etale topology which is an Artin n-stack (in the sense of Simpson and Toën–Vezzosi) is also a stack for the flat (fppf) topology. Moreover, an n-stack, for the fppf topology, which admits a flat (fppf) n-atlas is an Artin n-stack (i.e. possesses a smooth n-atlas). We deduce from these two results a comparison between etale and fppf cohomologies (with coefficients in non-smooth group schemes and also non-abelian). This work is written in the setting of the derived stacks of Toën and Vezzosi

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Dombrovskis, Johanna, Victor Shokhen, Lisa Kylhammar, and Andreas Bodén. "(Invited) Optimized Conditioning and Performance of PEM Fuel Cell Stacks." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 46 (2024): 3264. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02463264mtgabs.

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The fuel cell market is maturing, and the production volumes are increasing. In parallel, expectations on performance, lifetime and operational range for fuel cell stacks are growing. As fuel cell technology matures, more fuel cell stacks are used in real life applications instead of laboratory environment. These positive developments bring with them new challenges and opportunities to learn. Several of these challenges and their impact on stack design and validation will be discussed. The focus will be on optimization of useful stack power density, fuel cell stack conditioning, enlarging the

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9

Baid, Jayant, and Sapna Gupta. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MERN, MEAN AND MEVN STACKS IN WEB DEVELOPMENT." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 02 (2024): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem28539.

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Choosing a technology stack is a critical decision that affects how software projects progress in the ever- changing field of web development. Regarding web development, a technology stack is a set of tools, frameworks, and programming languages that are utilized in the construction of an application's front end and back end. In addition to making the development process easier, these stacks provide the groundwork for the finished product's performance, scalability, and maintainability. JavaScript-based stacks are becoming serious contenders as businesses and developers search for frameworks t

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Wu, Chien-Chang, and Tsung-Lin Chen. "Dynamic Modeling of a Parallel-Connected Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack System." Energies 13, no. 2 (2020): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13020501.

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This study proposes novel simulation methods to model the power delivery function of a parallel-connected solid-oxide-fuel-cell stack system. The proposed methods are then used to investigate the possible thermal runaway induced by the performance mismatch between the employed stacks. A challenge in this modeling study is to achieve the same output voltage but different output current for each employed stack. Conventional fuel-cell models cannot be used, because they employ fuel flow rates and stack currents as the input variables. These two variables are unknown in the parallel-connected stac

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Shi, Jixin, Yue Yao, Ruiyu Zhang, et al. "Experimental Study on High-Efficiency Microtubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stacks Using Various Fuels." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (2023): 839–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.0839ecst.

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Microtubular solid oxide fuel cell (mTSOFC) is a clean and low carbon emission power generation technology that has great prospects in the field of portable power generation. Improving the efficiency and broadening the variety of available fuels can significantly improve the performance of portable power generation devices based on mTSOFC. In this study, mTSOFC stack assembled by mounting modular sub-stacks in an array on a designed fuel/air distribution base were tested. By changing the connection of the current collection nodes, the influence of circuit connection modes on the overall output

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Hou, Shuo, Xing Tan, Jincheng He, et al. "Dynamic similarity analysis for a piezo-electromechanical system." International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics 64, no. 1-4 (2020): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jae-209312.

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Most research about using piezoelectric stacks to suppress vibration of mechanical structures didn’t involve the similarity problem for the piezoelectric stacks. The goal of this paper is to investigate the dynamic similarity between a prototype piezo stack and a scaled up or down piezo stack, whilst discussing the feasibility of predicting the vibration of prototype structure which use the piezoelectric stacks for vibration control. To illustrate this problem concisely, a single-DOF system consists of a proof mass and a piezo stack shunted with a series RL circuit is considered. Firstly, the

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Atig, Mohamed Faouzi, Benedikt Bollig, and Peter Habermehl. "Emptiness of Ordered Multi-Pushdown Automata is 2ETIME-Complete." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 28, no. 08 (2017): 945–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054117500332.

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We consider ordered multi-pushdown automata, a multi-stack extension of pushdown automata that comes with a constraint on stack operations: a pop can only be performed on the first non-empty stack (which implies that we assume a linear ordering on the collection of stacks). We show that the emptiness problem for multi-pushdown automata is 2ETIME-complete. Containment in 2ETIME is shown by translating an automaton into a grammar for which we can check if the generated language is empty. The lower bound is established by simulating the behavior of an alternating Turing machine working in exponen

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14

Dronen, Blake, Aric Shorey, B. K. Wang, and Leon Tsai. "Production Proven, High Precision Temporary Bond/De-bond Process." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2013, no. 1 (2013): 000861–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2013-thp35.

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Wafer thinning represents a critical step in 2.5D and 3D-IC integration. Achieving low total thickness variation (TTV) of a bonded stack is essential since it directly impacts the TTV of the thinned device wafer. It is essential to understand and utilize appropriate processes and materials that provide precision bonded stacks prior to thinning operations in order to achieve high process yields. The 3M™ Wafer Support System and Corning's precision glass carrier wafers were used to produce bonded stacks. Leveraging metrology tools like the Flatmaster MSP-300 and low coherence interferometric pro

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Ajay, Adithya, Aditya Yadav, and Akshoy Ranjan Paul. "Dispersion of Particulate Matters from Separated Plume Stacks using Discrete Phase Modelling." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1279, no. 1 (2023): 012024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1279/1/012024.

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Abstract Dispersion of particulate matter from plume stacks of industries is crucial in analysing the extent of air pollution. Particulate matter is highly influenced by gravity causing it settle quickly. Dispersion of pollutants from dual plume stack separated by a certain distance is analysed here. Dual stack is effective in shielding the downstream plume causing it to spread vertically higher than single stack. PM10 particles are emitted along with gaseous pollutants from the stack in to the atmosphere having a temperature gradient of -0.2K/100 m. Particles from the stack disperse to higher

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16

Ma, Zhiwen, Ramki Venkataraman, and Mohammad Farooque. "Study of the Gas Flow Distribution and Heat Transfer for Externally Manifolded Fuel Cell Stack Module Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Method." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 1, no. 1 (2004): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1794155.

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Uniform gas flow distribution in a fuel cell system is desired to attain maximum power operation potential. Two types of manifold systems are often used in fuel cell stacks; they are internal manifold system and external manifold system. This paper presents the modeling approach using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method in analyzing fluid flow and heat transfer for the external manifold fuel cell stacks and stack module design. Computational models based on a Megawatt carbonate fuel cell stack module have been developed for investigating the fuel and oxidant flow distributions throug

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17

Calderón, Antonio José, Francisco José Vivas, Francisca Segura, and José Manuel Andújar. "Integration of a Multi-Stack Fuel Cell System in Microgrids: A Solution Based on Model Predictive Control." Energies 13, no. 18 (2020): 4924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184924.

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This paper proposes a multi-objective model predictive control (MPC) designed for the power management of a multi-stack fuel cell (FC) system integrated into a renewable sources-based microgrid. The main advantage of MPC is the fact that it allows the current timeslot to be optimized while taking future timeslots into account. The multi-objective function solves the problem related to the power dispatch at time that includes criteria to reduce the multi-stack FC degradation, operating and maintenance costs, as well as hydrogen consumption. Regarding the scientific literature, the novelty of th

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18

Miller, FC, ER Harper, and BJ Macauley. "Field examination of temperature and oxygen relationships in mushroom composting stacks dash consideration of stack oxygenation based on utilisation and supply." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 5 (1989): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890741.

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Temperature and oxygen concentration in Phase I composting stacks were investigated in the field. that both determine and are consequences of biological Investigations focused on various physical factors activity. Data indicate that oxygen concentrations in Phase I stacks are affected by convection, gaseous diffusion and utilisation rates, but that these rates vary significantly spatially and temporally. When stack temperatures exceed 60�C, biological rates of activity, and therefore oxygen uptake, decrease, allowing oxygen to penetrate well into the centres of stacks. While natural convection

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Zhao, Xiaobo, and Seunghun Jung. "Shunt Current Analysis of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery System with Multi-Stack Connections." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 65 (2023): 3111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02653111mtgabs.

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Vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) systems with multiple stacks due to long lifetime, low self-discharge, and flexible design, are commonly used in large-scale electrical energy storage applications In a VRFB system, pumps deliver positive and negative electrolytes to each stack through a piping system including channels and manifolds. However, the electrolyte flowing between cells through channels and manifolds and the electrolyte flowing between stacks through pipes are electrically conductive. Shunt currents are generated due to the voltage difference between the cells and between the stack

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Suo, Chun Guang, Wen Bin Zhang, and Shi Su. "Fabrication of Micro DMFC Stack Using MEMS Technology." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 985–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.985.

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This paper presents two kinds of direct methanol fuel cell (μDMFC) stack in planar array. The silicon-based DMFC stack is designed in a flip-flop configuration using MEMS technology, and the stainless steel stack is fabricated using stamping technology. Compared to stainless steel stack, the flip-flop silicon-based stack may reduce the connection space and lower the contact resistance between the membrane electrode assembly and the plates. The electrical characterization of this μDMFC stack was carried out by tests. The experimental results showed the prototype was able to generate an open-cir

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Lang, Michael, Young-sang Lee, In-sung Lee, et al. "Analysis of Degradation Phenomena of SOC Stacks Operated in Reversible SOFC / SOEC Cycling Mode." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (2023): 181–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.0181ecst.

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The present paper focusses on the detailed analysis and discussion of degradation phenomena of two SOC stacks during galvanostatic steady-state SOFC and reversible SOFC/SOEC cycling operation. The stacks with ASCs of Elcogen (Estonia) were fabricated by the industrial project partner E&KOA (Daejeon, Korea) within the Korean-German project “Solid Oxide Reversible Fuel Cell / Electrolysis Stack” (SORFES). The first 10-cell stack was tested at DLR during 1400 h and the results were used to improve the second 6-cell stack, which was operated during 2800 h at E&KOA. For electrochemical char

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Degefa, Tolera G., Andrzej Wróbel, and Marek Płaczek. "Modelling and Study of the Effect of Geometrical Parameters of Piezoelectric Plate and Stack." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (2021): 11872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411872.

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The piezoelectric stack is employed as an actuator and a sensor in a variety of technical applications. The dynamic modelling of piezoelectric plates and stack is used to investigate and search for new applications in mechatronics systems that are based on various loading frequencies. Stacks are composed of series of the same size and whose plates feature the same material properties and are layered by dielectric sheets. This enables increased displacements to be achieved while freeing up more space. The major aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using differently modulated

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Bhatti, Umar Nawaz, Salem Bashmal, Sikandar Khan, and Rached Ben-Mansour. "Numerical Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Refrigerators with a Multi-Layered Stack." Energies 13, no. 17 (2020): 4360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174360.

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Thermoacoustic refrigerators have huge potential to replace conventional refrigeration systems as an alternative clean refrigeration technology. These devices utilize conversion of acoustic power and heat energy to generate the desired cooling. The stack plays a pivotal role in the performance of Standing Wave Thermoacoustic Refrigerators (SWTARs), as the heat transfer takes place across it. Performance of stacks can be significantly improved by making an arrangement of different materials inside the stack, resulting in anisotropic thermal properties along the length. In the present numerical

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Zou, Changwei, Xudong Wang, Yaoqing Gao, and Jingling Xue. "Buddy Stacks: Protecting Return Addresses with Efficient Thread-Local Storage and Runtime Re-Randomization." ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology 31, no. 2 (2022): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3494516.

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Shadow stacks play an important role in protecting return addresses to mitigate ROP attacks. Parallel shadow stacks, which shadow the call stack of each thread at the same constant offset for all threads, are known not to support multi-threading well. On the other hand, compact shadow stacks must maintain a separate shadow stack pointer in thread-local storage (TLS) , which can be implemented in terms of a register or the per-thread Thread-Control-Block (TCB) , suffering from poor compatibility in the former or high performance overhead in the latter. In addition, shadow stacks are vulnerable

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Lang, Michael, Young-sang Lee, In-sung Lee, et al. "Analysis of Degradation Phenomena of SOC Stacks Operated in Reversible SOFC / SOEC Cycling Mode." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 54 (2023): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-015429mtgabs.

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The reversible SOFC/SOEC operation of solid oxide cell (SOC) stacks promise high overall electricity-to-electricity round-trip efficiencies and low storage costs. Although in recent years the degradation rates of SOFC and SOEC stacks in single mode long-term operation have been steadily decreased, the understanding of degradation mechanisms during reversible SOFC/SOEC operation remains an important and challenging issue. Therefore, the Korean-German project “Solid Oxide Reversible Fuel Cell / Electrolysis Stack” (SORFES) focuses on the development of the core component technology for a 1 kW re

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Kajurek, Jakub, and Artur Rusowicz. "Experimental Investigation on the Thermoacoustic Effect in Easily Accessible Porous Materials." Energies 14, no. 1 (2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010083.

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Thermoacoustic devices are the systems which use acoustic power to transport heat through a stack in a resonance tube. The stack is one of the most important parts of the thermoacoustic systems. It can have different geometries, like parallel plates, circular pores, or pin arrays. However, the fabrication of stacks with regular geometries is sometimes impractical due to material and assembly costs. These problems can be solved by using stack fabricated with random and easily accessible porous materials. In this paper an experimental investigation on the thermoacoustic effect in easily accessib

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Babaie Rizvandi, Omid, and Robert Braun. "Utilizing Neural Networks for Optimizing the Performance of Solid Oxide Cell Stacks." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 48 (2024): 3342. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02483342mtgabs.

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Solid oxide cells (SOCs) are one of the promising energy conversion devices due to their high efficiency and relevance to many commercial and industrial applications. Much development progress has been made in the last 10-years improving the scale-up, degradation, and commercialization outlook globally. Further commercialization of the SOCs necessitates a deeper understanding of their complex internal processes. Experimental methods, albeit valuable, are constrained by cost and time and often cannot capture intricate details like distributions of species, current density, and temperature. Ther

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Smolana, Mateusz, and Krzysztof Gromysz. "Effect of Eccentricity of Applied Force and Geometrical Imperfections on Stiffness of Stack of Cuboidal Steel Elements." Materials 13, no. 14 (2020): 3174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13143174.

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Experimental tests were performed on a stack of cuboidal steel elements and its mathematical model was developed. Each cuboidal element was made of rolled profiles. Such stacks are the part of temporary supports that can be used to eliminate deflections of buildings. Stacks were loaded eccentrically through the inaccurate position of a jack. Moreover, two types of geometrical imperfections could be noticed. They included inaccurate contact between the stack elements and initial relative displacements of profiles that formed cuboidal elements. A mathematical model was developed to describe defo

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Floerchinger, Gus, Chris Cadigan, Neal P. Sullivan, and Rob J. Braun. "Characterizing the Performance of kW-Scale Multi-Stack Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Modules through Modeling." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 54 (2023): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154125mtgabs.

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Commercial-scale SOFC systems are comprised of power modules that contain multiple SOFC stacks. In the last decade, there has been much work on individual SOFC stack development and SOFC systems at the commercial scale (100-1000 kWe). Development of these commercial systems often utilizes models of a single representative SOFC stack to simulate the system’s prime mover. In practice, however, these representative single-stack SOFC models fail to consider the effects that arise due to the reality of multi-stack power modules used to construct commercial scale systems. Effects such as flow maldis

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Golani, Sadhana, Holger Bausinger, Andreas Mai, and Andre Weber. "Towards an Impedance-Based Analysis of SOFC-Stacks." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (2023): 1689–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.1689ecst.

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This proceeding aims to understand the performance of SOFC stacks using impedance spectroscopy. For the stack analysis, gradients over the active cell area are averaged out, preventing access to local phenomena. Hence, to get better insight into the spatial distribution of losses, single cells with an active electrode area of 1 cm² are characterized at 850 °C based on EIS and DRT-analysis. To ensure an appropriate deconvolution of processes, symmetrical anode and cathode cells are also tested. Next to the ideally contacted cells, metallic interconnecting repeat units are analyzed to study the

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Linderoth, Søren, Peter Halvor Larsen, M. Mogensen, Peter V. Hendriksen, N. Christiansen, and H. Holm-Larsen. "Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Development in Denmark." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 1309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.1309.

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The SOFC technology under development at Risø National Laboratory (RISØ) and Topsoe Fuel Cell A/S (TOFC) is based on an integrated approach ranging from basic materials research on single component level over development of cell and stack manufacturing technology to system studies and modelling. The effort also comprises an extensive cell and stack testing program. Systems design, development and test is pursued by TOFC in collaboration with various partners. The standard cells are thin and robust with dimensions of 12 x 12 cm2 and cell stacks are based on internal manifolding. Production of c

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Simon Araya, Samuel, Sobi Thomas, Andrej Lotrič, Simon Lennart Sahlin, Vincenzo Liso, and Søren Juhl Andreasen. "Effects of Impurities on Pre-Doped and Post-Doped Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stacks." Energies 14, no. 11 (2021): 2994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14112994.

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In this paper, we experimentally investigated two high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) stacks for their response to the presence of reformate impurities in an anode gas stream. The investigation was aimed at characterizing the effects of reformate impurities at the stack level, including in humidified conditions and identifying fault features for diagnosis purposes. Two HT-PEMFC stacks of 37 cells each with active areas of 165 cm2 were used with one stack containing a pre-doped membrane with a woven gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the other containing a post-doped m

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Tsviatkou, V. Yu. "LIFO-STACK SIZE DETERMINATION FOR GROWING OF THE IMAGE REGIONS." Doklady BGUIR 18, no. 2 (2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2020-18-2-45-52.

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This paper considers the problem of memory allocation for the organization of the LIFO-stack in the algorithm for image segmentation based on growing regions is considered. Segmentation divides the image into regions with identical or similar properties and is the most demanding process for the capacity of RAM. The cultivation of areas begins with the neighborhoods of pre-selected initial growth pixels and uses stacks to store the coordinates of adjacent pixels attached to the cultivated region. Stack loading is maximized when the segment size matches the size of the YX image. In the absence o

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Zhang, Xueping, Mingtao Wu, Liusheng Xiao, et al. "Thermal Stress in Full-Size Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stacks by Multi-Physics Modeling." Energies 17, no. 9 (2024): 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17092025.

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Mechanical failures in the operating stacks of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are frequently related to thermal stresses generated by a temperature gradient and its variation. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is developed and further applied in full-size SOFC stacks, which are fully coupled and implemented for analysis of heat flow electrochemical phenomena, aiming to predict thermal stress distribution. The primary object of the present investigation is to explore features and characteristics of the thermal stress influenced by electrochemical reactions and various tr

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Yasukata, Kenichi. "iip: An Integratable TCP/IP Stack." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 54, no. 1 (2024): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3687230.3687233.

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This paper presents iip, an integratable TCP/IP stack, which aims to become a handy option for developers and researchers who wish to have a high-performance TCP/IP stack implementation for their projects. The problem that motivated us to newly develop iip is that existing performance-optimized TCP/IP stacks often incur tremendous integration complexity and existing portability-aware TCP/IP stacks have significant performance limitations. In this paper, we overhaul the responsibility boundary between a TCP/IP stack implementation and the code provided by developers, and introduce an API that e

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Smara, Anis, Thomas Reis, Vicente Climente-Alarcon, and Bartek A. Glowacki. "Magnetization reduction by varying normal field in stacks of composite superconductors in an electrical motor." European Physical Journal Applied Physics 92, no. 2 (2020): 20902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap/2020200034.

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Trapped field magnets of superconducting stacks could be an alternative to conventional magnets in electrical machine applications. A conceptual design of an electrical motor using these stacks was proposed in [1,2]. Superconducting stacks offer many advantages; however, they can be demagnetized when exposed to the varying field present in electrical motors during operation. This varying field can be generated by salient magnetic circuit or generated from the armature winding as harmonics. To study this demagnetization effect, we carried out an experiment on a superconducting stack in an elect

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Shen, Wei, Hongtao Su, Jianhua Gao, Lei Fan, Gang Zhang, and Su Zhou. "A Multi-Objective Temperature Control Method for a Multi-Stack Fuel Cell System with Different Stacks Based on Model Predictive Control." Energies 18, no. 10 (2025): 2443. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18102443.

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The multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) has advantages such as a wide range, long life, and high efficiency; however, its multiple heat sources impose higher requirements on the thermal management system, especially for different stacks. In order to control each stack temperature in an MFCS, the model predictive control (MPC) algorithm based on the backpropagation (BP) neural network is proposed. Firstly, dynamic characteristics have been obtained experimentally for selected PEMFC stacks of different powers. Based on experimental data, a parallel multi-stack fuel cell thermal management subsys

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Cubizolles, Geraud, Simon Alamome, Félix Bosio, et al. "Development of a Versatile and Reversible Multi-Stack Solid Oxide Cell System Towards Operation Strategies Optimization." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (2023): 1677–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.1677ecst.

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Solid oxide cell technology is currently experiencing a rapid industrialization phase. To investigate operational strategy, CEA/LITEN has designed and constructed its first multi-stack reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC) module. While it is able to host four of CEA’s standard 25-cell stacks, the present work reports on preliminary validation results obtained in a 2-stack configuration. Thermal losses have been quantified and identified. While the hotbox is showing high performances, the overall losses increased twofold when taking into account pass-through piping and current connections. Module

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Bellasio, Roberto, and Roberto Bianconi. "Analysis of the Odor Levels at the Closest Receptors Depending on the Stack Terminal Types." Atmosphere 16, no. 2 (2025): 169. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16020169.

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This paper presents the results of a numerical analysis for evaluating the effects of different stack terminal configurations on the odor levels estimated at the receptors located close to the plant. Stack terminals may be of different types, for example vertical unobstructed, vertical with rain cap, horizontal, gooseneck or with any slope with respect to the vertical. The comparison between CALPUFF and LAPMOD with vertical unobstructed stacks, rain capped stacks and different emission temperatures shows that the results are comparable, even though there is a tendency of LAPMOD to underpredict

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Kim, Donghyuk, and Joon-Young Choi. "Development of a Common API for Multiple Ethernet Fieldbus Protocols in Embedded Slave Devices." Electronics 14, no. 3 (2025): 613. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14030613.

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Slave devices in Ethernet-based fieldbus networks often require extensive reprogramming of applications and replacement of protocol stacks and Ethernet drivers whenever the fieldbus protocol needs to be changed. To address this challenge, we develop a common application programming interface (API) and stack interfaces that enable seamless protocol switching among EtherCAT, PROFINET, and EtherNet/IP without requiring protocol-specific code modifications. The real-time data exchange between the API and each protocol stack is realized in the stack interface by using the synchronization mechanism

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Kumar, M. Arul, Sivasambu Mahesh, and P. Venkitanarayanan. "A Rate-Independent 'Stack' Model of a Polycrystalline Aggregate." Materials Science Forum 702-703 (December 2011): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.702-703.192.

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The 'stack' model of a rate-independent rigid-plastic polycrystalline material is developed. In the 'stack' model, stacks of N neighboring sub-grain domains collectively accommodate the imposed macroscopic deformation while enforcing the velocity and traction continuity condition with its neighbors. The developed 'stack' model is applied to simulate the two-dimensional polycrystalline aggregate under macroscopically imposed plane-strain tension. The effect of inter- and intra-grain interactions on qualitative and quantitative variations in the predicted macroscopic stress-strain response and t

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Xu, Yu, Anton Kukolin, Daifen Chen, and Wei Yang. "Multiphysics Field Distribution Characteristics within the One-Cell Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack with Typical Interdigitated Flow Channels." Applied Sciences 9, no. 6 (2019): 1190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061190.

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Generally, the manufacturing technology of fuel cell units is considered to satisfy the current commercialization requirements. However, achieving a high-performance and durable stack design is still an obstacle in its commercialization. The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack is considered to have performance characteristics that are distinct from the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stacks. Within the SOFC stack, vapor is produced on the anode side instead of the cathode side and high flow resistance within the fuel flow path is recommended. In this paper, a 3D multiphysics model fo

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Kraft, Juergen, Michael T. Y. Paul, and Michael Goetz. "(Invited) Automated Production of High Performance PEMFC Stacks and Components According to Automotive Requirements." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 45 (2022): 1693. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02451693mtgabs.

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EKPO Fuel Cell GmbH was founded in 2021 by two parent companies, ElringKlinger and Plastic Omnium, whom both are strong and established automotive suppliers with mass manufacturing capabilities and strategic approaches to hydrogen and the fuel cell businesses. The aim of EKPO is the development and production of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack components and stack modules. Drawing from the experiences of the pilot automated production line since 2016, a fully optimized automated production, with improved production technologies and products, was developed by EKPO in 2021 to achieve an

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Scheu, Max, Karlo Komorowski, Chen Shen, and Tim Salditt. "A stalk fluid forming above the transition from the lamellar to the rhombohedral phase of lipid membranes." European Biophysics Journal 50, no. 2 (2021): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00249-020-01493-2.

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AbstractIn this work, we present evidence for the formation of transient stalks in aligned multilamellar stacks of lipid membranes. Just above the phase transition from the fluid ($$L_\alpha$$ L α ) lamellar phase to the rhombohedral phase (R), where lipid stalks crystallize on a super-lattice within the lipid bilayer stack, we observe a characteristic scattering pattern, which can be attributed to a correlated fluid of transient stalks. Excess (off-axis) diffuse scattering with a broad modulation around the position which later transforms to a sharp peak of the rhombohedral lattice, gives evi

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Brysk, Henry, and Douglas W. McCowan. "A slant‐stack procedure for point‐source data." GEOPHYSICS 51, no. 7 (1986): 1370–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1442187.

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The proper implementation of the τ-p method for surface data excited by a point source requires a cylindrical slant stack. Usually the common (Cartesian) slant stack is computed instead as an approximation to the geometrically correct procedure. Here we describe a formulation of the cylindrical slant stack as a weighted sum of Cartesian slant stacks; our cylindrical slant stack is computationally efficient to perform. We show how, although the usefulness of the slant stack is most easily seen with Cartesian coordinates, it can also be used with Fourier‐Bessel transforms. An example of the meth

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Pike, Jenna, Dennis Larsen, Tyler Hafen, et al. "Reversible SOFC/SOEC System Development and Demonstration." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (2023): 1629–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.1629ecst.

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The OxEon Energy team continues its 30+ year solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) development history with the design, fabrication, and installation of two reversible solid oxide electrolysis (SOEC)/SOFC demonstration modules scheduled for installation and commissioning in 2023. The high temperature electrolysis (HTE) systems produce hydrogen through electrolysis using solid oxide cell (SOC) technology derived from OxEon’s heritage stack technology and advancements made during stack development for NASA’s Mars2020 mission. The demonstration units integrate reversible SOC stacks with an effective and r

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ALDROVANDI, ETTORE, and A. EMIN TATAR. "Notes on weak units of group-like 1- and 2-stacks." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 164, no. 2 (2016): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004116000931.

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AbstractThe weak units of strict monoidal 1- and 2-categories are defined respectively in [15] and [14]. In this paper, we define them for group-like 1- and 2-stacks. We show that they form a contractible Picard 1- and 2-stack, respectively. We give their cohomological description which provides for these stacks a representation by complexes of sheaves of groups. Later, we extend the discussion to the monoidal case. We consider the (2-)substack of cancelable objects of a monoidal 1-(2-)stack. We observe that this (2-)substack is trivially group-like, its weak units are the same as the weak uni

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Sharma, Harshit, Vaibhav Garg, Sakshi ., Pankhuri Kalra, and Dr Manjot Kaur Bhatia. "Why MERN Stack?" International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 12 (2022): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.47927.

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Abstract: In the past, web development was primarily based on the LAMP stack (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP, or Perl) and Java-based applications (Java EE, Spring). However, these stacks are made up of different programming languages and can be difficult for a single developer to understand. Advances in web technology over the last few years have allowed developers to participate in both the front-end and back-end processes of web applications. The main goal of this thesis was to explore the basic components of the very popular MREN stack. The MERN stack, which stands for MongoDB, Express.js, Reac

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de Haart, Ute, Felix Kunz, and Rüdiger-A. Eichel. "Investigation of the Stability of SOC Stacks By Thermo Cycles." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 50 (2022): 2552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02502552mtgabs.

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In recent years different research institutes and companies have developed anode supported cells (ASCs) with an LSC ((La,Sr)CoO3δ) oxygen electrode for solid oxide cells (SOCs), which showed an improved performance in comparison to ASCs with an LSCF electrode. Until now, the SOC-stacks by Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (FZJ) used ASCs with LSCF on the oxygen side. To minimize undesired effects which might occur due to the inter-diffusion of the constituting cations between adjacent layers, the contact layer on the oxygen side was made of the same LSCF composition. One mayor concern accompanying

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Harazin, J., and A. Wróbel. "Empirical analysis of piezoelectric stacks composed of plates with different parameters and excited with different frequencies." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1239, no. 1 (2022): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1239/1/012008.

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Abstract Piezoelectric materials offer an ability to exchange energy between electrical and mechanical systems with fair ease, by using the simple and inverse piezoelectric effect. Piezoelectric transceivers, sensors, microphones, actuators, or active acoustic noise cancellation devices are some of many applications for piezoelectric materials. Due to the natural ability of the material to convert electricity and mechanical strain, solutions based on piezoelectric materials are often compact and allow applications on micro scales. One of the forms of piezoelectric actuation involves the use of

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