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Delaplace-de, Fozières Virginie. "La gourmandise." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30063.
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Eve goûta la pomme et fut bannie du Paradis. Prométhée ravit la chair aux dieux ; il déclencha leur courroux. Haensel et Gretel dévorèrent une maison de sucreries : ils durent en assumer les conséquences. Pourquoi la gourmandise s’apparente-t-elle à une faute ? Pourquoi est-elle dénigrée alors que le plaisir, la jouissance et le désir du goût semblent agir tant le corps que le psychisme du sujet et ainsi interpeller la question de l’être entre éthique et esthétique ? Ethique : la gustation intègre une notion de transgression, mais ne peut se départir de l’autre, de la loi. Au sein de la réalité, la gourmandise laisse émerger du réel, ramène le sujet à la question de l’originaire, et concomitamment, élabore le surmoi. Esthétique : entre plaisir, jouissance immédiate, jouissance de l’être et de l’avoir et le principe de réalité, la gourmandise oscille, mais se situe au-delà. Elle est une jouissance autre. Elle est révélation d’un « étant » du sujet, d’une présence et expression de don, à soi, à l’autre, expérience et création d’un « être ». Une lecture des contes, des mythes nous permettra d’étayer nos réflexionsEve tasted the apple and was banished from Paradise. Promotheus stole the pieces of flesh from the gods, but unleashed their anger. Hansel and Gretel ate the gingerbread and so they had to take the consequences. Why “gourmandise” is seen as allied to a failing or sin ? Why such a denigration when the pleasure of taste, the desire seem to play such a crucial role in the life of the body and in psychic life and thus in the domain of being itself between ethics and aesthetics ? Ethics : tasting contains the idea of transgression, but cannot avoid engagement with the other ad with the law. From within reality itself “gourmandise” allows the subject to transcend the real and confronts it with the issue if primal plenitude, while fashionning at the same time the superego. Aesthetics : ocillating between pleasure, instant gratification, possession of being, of having and the reality principle, “gourmandise” lies beyond all these. It is another kind of delectation. It is at one and the same time the revelation of an existent subject, of a presence, and also the incarnation of a gift to onself and the other ; the experience of and creation of an indeterminate “being”. A close reading of fairytales and myths will help to develop and elucidate our reflexions
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De, Camargo Cancela Marianna. "Les cancers de la cavité buccale et de l’oropharynx dans le monde : incidence internationale et classification TNM dans les registres du cancer." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10311/document.
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L’objectif de ces travaux est de connaître et évaluer les caractéristiques épidémiologiques des cancers de la cavité orale et de l’oropharynx. Ces deux localisations partagent des facteurs de risque en commun, et sont de fait souvent regroupées dans les études épidémiologiques. Cependant, la découverte de facteurs de risque spécifiques, telle l’infection par le virus du papillome humain pour les cancers de l’oropharynx, nous conduit à fournir des taux d’incidence spécifiques avec la classification anatomique de ces cancers. En réorganisant les données disponibles dans la base des données du Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, nous avons recherché les cas incidents au niveau mondial et recalculé les taux d’incidence dans les registres de 60 pays, pendant la période 1998-2002. La classification TNM n’est pas disponible dans les bases de données du CIRC. Nous avons identifié et contacté les registres du cancer qui ont déclaré son recueil. Cela nous a permis de créer et structurer une base des données innovante et inédite, dont les informations ont été analysées par rapport à la qualité. Finalement nous avons comparé la distribution de stades précoces et avancés dans 8 pays. Les résultats montrent que l’incidence des cancers de la cavité buccale et de l’oropharynx est très hétérogène au niveau mondial par rapport à la sous localisation des tumeurs, à l’âge d’incidence, au ratio homme/femme et au stade cliniqueOral cavity and oropharynx cancers : International incidence and TNM classification in population-based cancer registries The aim of this work was to know and to evaluate the epidemiological patterns of oral cavity and ororpharynx cancers. These topographies share some common risk factors and they are often grouped in epidemiological studies. However, the implication of the human papilloma virus in oropharyngeal tumors lead us to provide incidence rates according to the anatomical classification of these tumors. We reorganized the incidence data available at the International Agency for Research on Cancer, for the period 1998-2002. Incidence rates were calculated for oral cavity and oropharynx cancers separately for 60 countries. As the TNM classification is not available on the IARC database we contacted the cancer registries that declared to abstract and collect it. Based on their data we created and structure a new, innovative and quality controlled. Finally, we compared the TNM stage distribution among 8 countries. The results show that the oral cavity and oropharynx cancers have a very heterogeneous distribution in the studied registries concerning tumor sub-sites, age of incidence, male to female ratio and clinical stage
3
Lorenzo, Rossello Cristina de. "Les relations temporo-aspectuelles dans le récit oral en français et en castillan, langues premières et langues étrangères : étude transversale du stade ultime de l'acquisition d'une langue étrangère." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100099.
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Sant'ana, Simas Roberta. "Histoires de bouches : de la bouche alimentaire à la bouche du langage : recherche d'indicateurs de risque de troubles du langages et de troubles alimentaires chez les bébés soumis à des contraintes alimentaires dans le cadres d'affections pédiatriques, malformatives ou métaboliques." Paris 7, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA070056.
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La présente recherche s'intéresse à l'étude des précurseurs corporels et interactifs de la communication et du langage chez les bébés présentant des contraintes alimentaires importantes (liées à diverses affections pédiatriques). Le but est de vérifier si ces troubles précoces ont, ou non, une incidence sur la mise en place du langage et du style alimentaire. Il s'agit d'une étude ouverte, longitudinale, de l'âge de 3 mois jusqu'à 4 ans. La méthodologie inclut l'enregistrement audio-visuel mensuel des bébés avec leurs mères, tous les mois (pendant environ 10 minutes), ainsi qu'un film des interactions pendant le repas. Images et sons sont ensuite analysés par une équipe de cliniciens, de mathématiciens, et de statisticiens. L'évaluation inclut, par ailleurs, l'analyse du développement psychomoteur, du langage et d'éventuels troubles alimentaires. Différents cliniciens de la petite enfance relatent que la non-utilisation de la bouche pour l'alimentation, dans le cas de pathologies obligeant à mettre en place une nutrition entérale, (par voie parentérale ou par gastrostomie), donnerait souvent lieu à des difficultés de réalimentation, accompagnées parfois de troubles du langage. Nous avons constaté que le développement langagier n'est pas empêché quand la fonction alimentaire per os est mise à mal. Ceci voudrait dire que les processus concernant le stade oral - processus de prise en soi de ce qui vient du monde extérieur - peuvent être préservés même quand la bouche ne peut pas fonctionner de façon satisfaisante pour l'alimentation. D'autres réflexions concernant les différents mécanismes anorexigènes ont été également envisagées au cours de la présente rechercheThis research concerns the language bodily and interactive precursors' development of babies suffering from disabled orality (paediatric diseases that prevents or strongly interfere with mouth feeding during the first months after birth) verifying if it might interfere with setting up of language. It's an open longitudinal study of children from 3 months until 4 years old. It consists on the videotaping of babies from 3 to 9 months with their mothers and/or fathers, every month, through a simple protocol of 10 minutes, and the videotaping of a feeding of the baby by its mother. The further image digital and clinical analysis is made by a team of clinicians, mathematicians and statisticians. The evaluation of this group of children includes the analysis of their psychomotor and language development, and of eventual feeding disorders. Clinical experience has shown that permanently putting aside the use of the mouth as the feeding route when we are obliged to use a non-oral one (such as nasogastric tube or gastrostomy), often engenders feeding difficulties when time for weaning comes, and is sometimes accompanied by delayed or impaired language development. We have seen that language development is not necessarily disturbed when the alimentary function (per os) is restrained. Which means that processes involved with the oral phase can be preserved even when the mouth cannot satisfactory function for feeding. Other thoughts concerning different anorexigenic mechanisms were also considered during the present study
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Glauser-Popaj, Lumturije. "Orale Gesundheit und Mundhygiene von Bewohnern zweier Pflegeheime der Stadt Zürich /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000292613.
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Bunch, Nathan. "Oral Fluid Method Validation for Bowling Green State University." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1586969951770212.
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Federico, Jeanne E. "Oral/written contrast of mental state references in older children." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001056.
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Ellis, Kate. "Oral and literate culture on the English stage, 1624-1634." Thesis, Bath Spa University, 2011. http://researchspace.bathspa.ac.uk/1435/.
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Aguayo, Paul S. D. "Early-stage adhesion of microbes onto oral biomaterials at the nanoscale." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1569259/.
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Despite much progress, the infection of oral biomaterials by bacterial and fungal cells remains an important problem in the clinic, affecting millions of patients worldwide. Although biofilm formation comprises a series of stages, the initial cell-surface interaction is crucial in determining infection of the biomaterial surface. By employing single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS) and nanoindentation with the atomic force microscope (AFM), the biophysics of the bacteria-biomaterial surface interaction has been characterised for Streptococcus sanguinis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Initially, the development and optimisation of a protocol to harvest and immobilise living bacterial and fungal cells for AFM experimentation is described. In a next step, SCFS was utilised to explore the influence of implant surface nanotopography on the colonisation of S. aureus, utilising an in vitro polycarbonate implant model. Although nanotopography was not found to influence bacterial elasticity, it did increase the adhesion of S. aureus to the surface at early time points. Subsequently, the interaction between clinically relevant titanium (Ti) implant substrates and S. aureus and S. sanguinis cells was studied, which demonstrated strain-dependent differences in the unbinding patterns observed in AFM experiments. Worm-like chain (WLC) modelling of unbinding events was used to predict the length of the bacterial adhesins involved in the Ti-bacteria interaction, which were found to be different for S. aureus and S. sanguinis. Finally, the attachment of C. albicans to acrylic surfaces at the single-cell level was explored with AFM. C. albicans was found to exhibit morphology-dependent adhesion onto acrylic, with adhesion being increased in hyphal tubes compared to yeast cells. Also, experiments suggest a potential correlation between strain virulence and increased adhesion to surfaces. Future work should focus on utilising this in vitro AFM model to explore novel antiadhesive and antimicrobial approaches at the single-cell level.
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Burmann, Inga. "A Single Dose of Oral Escitalopram Decreases Resting-state Functional Connectivity." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-172411.
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Clinical care for major depressive disorder (MDD) would be greatly improved if we had reliable clinical predictors of individual antidepressant treatment outcome. While, at the present time, no biomarkers have sufficiently proven utility to be ready for clinical application, several neuroimaging modalities have shown promise for such development. Attempts to combine the recently developed modality of resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI) with pharmacological challenges to explore the impact of antidepressants on resting-state brain connectivity have just begun (McCabe et al., 2011a, McCabe et al., 2011b). The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of a single dose of the SSRI (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) escitalopram on resting-state functional connectivity in health.
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Eltilib, Elturabi Galal Khalifa. "Oral health status among children with special needs in Khartoum State, Sudan." University of Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3388.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)Introduction: Children with disabilities and other special needs present unique challenges for oral health professionals in the planning and execution of dental treatment. The oral health of children with special health care needs is influenced by various socio-demographic factors, including their living conditions and severity of the impairment. According to United States (US) Maternal and Child Health Bureau, special health care needs (SHCN) children are defined as “those who have or are at increased risk for a chronic physical, developmental, behavioral, or emotional condition and who also require health and related services of a type or amount beyond that required by children generally”. Aim and Objectives: The aim was to determine the oral health status of children with special needs. The objectives were to determine the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal disease and oral mucosal lesions among children with special needs in Khartoum State aged 5 to 15 years old attending educational and rehabilitation institutions. Methodology: A descriptive cross–sectional study was carried out. Data were collected with a data capture sheet that was a modified WHO Oral Health Assessment Clinical Oral Examination Guideline. Demographic variables, dmft, periodontal disease and oral mucosal lesions were recorded. Results: The mean dmft /DMFT scores was 2.02/1.25. The DMFT score increased with age, girls showed higher score than boys and autistic children had the poorest oral health among other disabilities. More than two third of the examined sextants were healthy, less than quarter had bleeding (18.3%) and 5% calculus accumulation. Fissured tongue was the most frequent oral lesion found. Conclusion: Children with special needs in Khartoum State demonstrated a high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease and do not receive adequate dental care. There is an urgent need for both preventive and treatment programmes to improve the oral health of children with special needs.
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Ahmed, Nada Hassan Mohamed. "Oral cancer knowledge, attitudes and practices among dentists in Khartoum State, Sudan." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3847.
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>Magister Scientiae - MScThe aim of the present study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of dentists related to oral cancer prevention and early detection in public dental clinics in Khartoum State, Sudan
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Kwok, Ka-po Carol. "Development of reading of Chinese characters in school age children an implication to the stage model of reading development /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2007. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B42005176.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2007."A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, June 30, 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-30). Also available in print.
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Jardim, Juscelino de Freitas 1989. "Clinicopathological analysis and expression of proliferation markers in advanced stage oral squamous cell carcinoma." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288145.
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Orientador: Luiz Paulo KowalskiTaxto em português e inglês
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O carcinoma de células escamosas (CEC) é a neoplasia maligna mais frequente na cavidade bucal, correspondendo a quase 95% destas lesões, e cerca de 38% dos tumores malignos de cabeça e pescoço. Mais de 50% dos portadores deste tipo de tumor apresentam estágio avançado da doença no momento do diagnóstico, fator que reflete em baixas taxas de sobrevidas em 5 anos. Fatores histopatológicos como invasões perineural e vascular têm sido relacionadas com recorrência e baixas taxas de sobrevida. Ainda, pacientes com mesmo sítio de acometimento e histologia tumorais semelhantes podem ter comportamentos biológicos distintos, frente a isso, a importância da busca por biomarcadores para predizer prognóstico e risco estratificado. O propósito deste estudo consistiu em avaliar o significado clínico e prognóstico dos fenômenos de invasão perineural (IP) e invasão vascular (IV) bem como da imunoexpressão de Mcm-2, Ciclina D1, Ki-67 e p53 em CECs de língua e assoalho em estádio clínico avançado. Foi realizado um levantamento retrospectivo de pacientes com CEC de língua e assoalho de boca em estádio clínico avançado, tratados previamente por cirurgia no departamento de cirurgia de cabeça e pescoço do AC Camargo Cancer Center entre os anos de 1998 e 2009. De 142 casos elegíveis para o estudo, 88 blocos de parafina foram resgatados do departamento de Patologia da mesma instituição e reações de imunoístoquímica foram realizadas para os marcadores já descritos anteriormente. Todas as lâminas passaram por um processo de digitalização através do equipamento Aperio System (Vista, CA, USA). Quantificações das marcações foram obtidas através do software Imagescope (Aperio System, USA) e testes estatísticos com nível de significância de 5% foram tomados para acessar correlações com prognóstico. Os resultados mostraram que tanto IP (p< 0,001) como IV (p= 0,01) influenciaram negativamente a sobrevida em 5 anos dos pacientes. Outros fatores como tamanho tumoral (estádio T) (p=0,003), estádio N+ (p= 0,002) e ruptura de cápsula linfonodal (p< 0,001) também obtiveram impacto em predizer sobrevida. Com relação aos marcadores de proliferação celular, altas taxas de Mcm-2 (p<0,001) e Ciclina D1 (p = 0,005) tiveram relação direta com taxas de sobrevida global menores que 5 anos, enquanto p53 e Ki-67 não alcançaram significância. Mcm-2 também foi altamente relacionado com recorrência (p=0,025), enquanto Ciclina D1 e p53 foram correlacionados com estádio N. Em conclusão, o aumento na expressão de Mcm-2 e Ciclina D1 exibem importante correlação com prognóstico e sobrevida dos pacientes, assim como fatores histopatológicos como invasões perineural
Abstract: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy in the oral cavity, accounting for almost 95% of these injuries, and about 38% of malignant tumors of the head and neck. More than 50% of all patients have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis, factor that reflects in low survival rates at 5 years. Histopathological factors such as vascular and perineural invasion have been associated with low rates of recurrence and survival. Moreover, patients with the same site and similar histology may have different biological behaviors, due to their differing biological characteristics and therefore exist an interest in the identification of biomarkers that could be used in the clinical practice in order to better prognosticate and risk-stratify patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the perineural invasion (PNI) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI) as well as the expression of Mcm-2, Cyclin D1, Ki-67 and p53 in advanced stage OSCC. A retrospective review of patients with OSCC of the tongue and floor of mouth in advanced clinical stage, treated by surgery in the Department of head and neck of the AC Camargo Cancer Center between the years 1998 and 2009 was conducted. Of 142 eligible cases, 88 paraffin-embedded tissue were rescued from the Department of Pathology of the same institution and immunohistochemistry reactions were performed for markers previously described. All slides have gone digitalized through the equipment Aperio System (Vista, CA, USA). Quantifications were performed from Imagescope software (Aperio System, USA) and statistical tests with significance level of 5% were taken to access correlations with prognosis. Our results showed that both PNI (p<0.001) as LVI (p=0.01) had negatively influence on overall survival of the patients. Other factors as T stage (p=0.003), positive lymph node (p=0.002) and extracapsular nodal spread (p<0.001) also had prognostic impact to predict poor survival. In relation to the proliferative markers, we found that high expression of Mcm-2 (p<0.001) and Cyclin D1 (p=0.005) had strong association with low rates of overall survival, whereas p53 and Ki-67 did not reach significance with this parameter. Mcm-2 was also correlated with recurrence (p=0.025). Cyclin D1 and p53 were significance with the N stage. In conclusion, the increasing expression of Mcm-2 and Cyclin D1 showed important correlation with prognosis and survival as well as histopathological features, such as PNI
Mestrado
Estomatologia
Mestre em Estomatopatologia
15
Taiwo, Olaniyi O. "Roles of Community Pharmacists in Improving Oral Health Awareness in Plateau State, Northern Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3729.
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There is poor oral health awareness in Nigeria. This is mainly attributed to limited access to correct information on oral health as well as a lack of oral health care providers. The impact of the poor oral health awareness is worse in Northern Nigeria due to the uneven distribution of oral health care workers and training facilities. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe the roles of community pharmacists (CPs) in Plateau State, Nigeria as sources of oral health information. Theoretical framework for this study was the theory of planned behavior (TPB). Background knowledge and practices of oral health care by CPs were assessed as related to their demographic characteristics. A 1 sample t-test was used to assess CPs' knowledge of oral health. A binary logistic regression model was conducted to evaluate if some demographic variables could predict Plateau State CPs' interest in becoming more involved in provision of services on oral health problems. According to the study findings, the CPs had a good disposition towards engaging in oral health prevention services by providing some oral health services to patients with oral health problems. In addition, 94.7% of the CPs were willing to advance the cause of oral health care. The disposition of CPs towards oral health could serve as a platform to help propagate oral health care and awareness in their communities. Engaging the CPs might help reduce oral health disparities by increasing oral health awareness, improving oral health-seeking behavior and oral hygiene practices, and improving quality of life via cost effective delivery of pharmacy-based oral health care services.
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Schumacher, Bradley K. (Bradley Kent). "State-Receiver Apprehension and Uncertainty in Continuing Initial Interactions." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278745/.
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Takase, Erica Mayumi 1985. "Avaliação da deglutição de alimentos e cápsulas gelatinosas duras em adultos assintomáticos = Evaluation of swallowing food and hard gelatin capsules in asymptomatic adults." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313719.
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Orientador: Agricio Nubiato CrespoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: As medidas de duração e a localização do bolo no disparo da fase faríngea são significantes no estudo da deglutição. Objetivo: avaliar a interferência de a consistência alimentar e da idade do sujeito na duração das fases oral, de transição e faríngea na deglutição de alimentos e cápsulas e avaliar a localização de cápsulas no disparo da fase faríngea em adultos assintomáticos. Método: Realizou-se a videofluoroscopia em 60 sujeitos, entre 27 e 55 anos de idade, avaliados com alimentos contrastados nas consistências liquida e pudim, na colher de sopa; e cápsulas gelatinosas duras #00 e #3 contendo sulfato de bário, deglutidas com alimentos nas consistências líquida e pudim, em livre oferta. Realizaram-se análise intra e inter julgadores. A análise estatística baseou-se nos testes Mahn-Whitney, Wilcon-Cox, Macnemar, no modelo log-linear Gama e modelo com resposta Gama e função de ligação inversa. Resultados: Avaliou-se 14 sujeitos do sexo masculino e 46 do feminino. Alimentos contrastados não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes na duração das fases oral e de transição (p= 0,419 e p=0,482) entre as consistências liquida e pudim, porém em relação à fase faríngea a consistência mais viscosa apresentou maior tempo de duração (p= 0,000). Houve aumento da duração das fases oral e faríngea e diminuição da fase de transição de adultos mais velhos, em ambas as consistências. Na avaliação da duração com cápsulas #00 a fase faríngea não mostrou diferença estatisticamente significante (p= 0,325) entre as consistências líquida e pudim e a fase oral apresentou maior tempo de duração (p= 0,000) na consistência mais viscosa. A duração das fases oral e faríngea aumentaram em adultos mais velhos, em ambas as consistências. A cápsula #3 apresentou maior porcentagem de localização em dorso de língua em comparação à #00, e cápsula #00 maior porcentagem em base de língua e valécula em comparação à #3. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as diferentes cápsulas na deglutição com líquido (p= 0,016) e pudim (p= 0,037). Conclusão: A consistência alimentar interferiu na duração da fase faríngea de alimentos contrastados e na duração da fase oral de cápsulas #00, com aumento do tempo para alimentos mais viscosos. O aumento da idade influenciou na duração das fases da deglutição, tanto de alimentos contrastados quanto na deglutição de cápsulas, em ambas as consistências, com aumento das fases oral e faríngea e diminuição da fase de transição na deglutição de alimentos sem cápsulas. Cápsulas menores desencadearam o disparo da fase faríngea em região mais anterior em comparação às cápsulas maiores
Abstract: Measurements of duration and location of bolus in pharyngeal phase triggering are significant in deglutition study. Objective: to evaluate interference of food consistency and age of individuals in duration of oral, transition and pharyngeal phases of food and capsules deglutition; evaluate capsules position in triggering of pharyngeal phase in asymptomatic adults. Methods: Videofluoroscopy was performed in 60 individuals, all of them between 27 and 55 years of age, which were tested with liquid and pudding consistencies food that were administered by tablespoon; and also were tested hard gelatin capsules #00 and #3 fulfilled with barium sulphate, which were swallowed along with liquid and pudding consistencies food, in free volume. It was performed intrajudge and interjudge analysis. Statistical analysis was based on Mahn-Whitney, Wilcon-Cox and Macnemar tests and on Gamma log-linear model and model with Gamma response and inverse-link function. Results: 14 male subjects and 46 female subjects were evaluated. There was no statistically significant difference in duration of oral and transition phases (p= 0,419 e p=0,482) between liquid and pudding consistencies, however in pharyngeal phase the most viscous consistency had a longer duration (p= 0,000). In older adults, it was observed an increment in duration of oral and pharyngeal phases and there was reduction in duration of transition phase, in both consistencies tested. In evaluation with capsules #00, in pharyngeal phase there was no statistically significant difference (p= 0,325) between liquid and pudding consistencies and oral phase had a longer duration (p= 0,000) with the more viscous consistency. Duration of oral and pharyngeal phases increased in older adults considering both consistencies tested. Capsule #3 presented higher percentage of occurrence in tongue dorsum compared to capsule #00, and capsule #00 presented higher percentage of location occurrence in tongue base and vallecula compared to capsule #3. There was statistically significant difference between different capsules swallowed with liquid (p= 0,016) and pudding (p= 0,037). Conclusion: Food consistency interfered with the duration of pharyngeal phase of food tested and interfered with oral phase of capsules #00, with time increased for more viscous food. Older age affected the duration of deglutition phases considering food and capsules tested, in both consistencies, with increased duration of oral and pharyngeal phases and decreased duration of transition phase in deglutition of food without capsules. Smaller capsules onset pharyngeal phase in most anterior region compared to larger capsules
Mestrado
Ciencias Biomedicas
Mestra em Ciências Médicas
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Farley, Lisa A. "Community education in Indiana from 1965-1987 : an oral history." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1325990.
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From 1965 through the 1980's, community education was endorsed and promoted in Indiana by the C.S. Mott Foundation of Flint, Michigan. The Mott Foundation issued nearly $2 million in grant money to the Institute for Community Education Development (ICED) at Ball State University to encourage local communities in Indiana and a four-state region to develop community education programs and processes. This money was granted to Ball State University and the ICED for several purposes: 1) to promote the concept of Community Education, 2) to provide and manage seed money incentive grants made to local public school corporations who adopted the concept, 3) to provide training and academic programs to local program leaders, and 4) to support the development of Community Education in the state through consultant services and other appropriate forms of assistance. After twenty-two years of activity and investment, the Mott Foundation-focused development of community education in Indiana through the Institute for Community Education Development (ICED) was phased out.This research was conducted using an Oral History methodology in which a thorough literature review was completed, ICED yearly reports and other literature provided background and triangulation, and eight interviewees were interviewed and audio-recorded for a total of twenty-one interviews. Recordings were each transcribed and stored by the principle investigator. Participants were interviewed a total of one to three times each, dependent upon the information obtained during each interview.This study provides a written historical report of some of the developments of community education in the State of Indiana that were due, in part, to the ICED consultants. This study also describes the community education development strategies in Indiana by the ICED staff. Additionally, this study reports some of the strengths and weaknesses of the strategies utilized by ICED professionals in Indiana's development of community education as reported by the interviewees. Those interested in educational development may utilize this study to gain insights from some of the lessons found in Indiana's Community Education development experience from 1965 through 1987.Department of Educational Studies
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Rose, Heidi Huffman. "SURVIVIN AND p53 EXPRESSION IN FELINE ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA AND CORRELATION WITH PROGNOSIS." MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03252008-191425/.
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Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the most common oral neoplasm of cats, demonstrates aggressive local invasion and has a poor prognosis. In humans, mutation of the p53 gene, crucial in cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis in damaged cells, is common in neoplasms. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, is frequently overexpressed in many types of human cancer. Studies suggest that wild-type p53 inhibits survivin expression, while mutated p53 does not. The purposes of this study included immunohistochemical examination of survivin and p53 expression in feline oral SCC and determination of a correlation between p53 mutation and survivin overexpression, as well as comparison with survival time. Survivin expression was noted in 80% (24/30) of cases, while 43.3% (13/30) of cases were positive for p53. No statistically significant correlation was noted between p53 and survivin expression, even when corrected for age, breed, and sex; and survival time was not affected.
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Singhal, Astha. "Emergency department use : role of medical home, impact of state Medicaid dental policy and continuity of care." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3190.
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Avoidable use of the Emergency Departments (EDs) constitutes a significant public health problem, which has health, economic and ethical implications. The factors that affect avoidable use of the EDs are complex and poorly understood. The goal of this dissertation was to examine the role of medical home in avoidable pediatric ED visits, assess the impact of Medicaid policy on ED visits for dental problems and assess the factors affecting follow-up dental care after a dental ED visit.
Iowa Household Health Survey data was used for the first study, which included a sample of families with at least one child residing in Iowa. It was found that 68% of parents who took their child to an ED in the previous year thought the ED visit could have been avoided if primary care was available to them. Having a medical home was not found to be associated with pediatric ED visits; however, food insecurity was significantly associated. Parents of children with public insurance, those who were not referred by a healthcare provider and those who reported difficulty in getting routine care appointments were more likely to report an avoidable ED visit by their child.
The second study examined a policy change in California where Medicaid eliminated its comprehensive adult dental coverage on July 1, 2009. State Emergency Department Database were obtained from Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality for California for 2006 through 2011. Interrupted time series, a quasi-experimental approach of was used to examine the impact of the policy change on rate of dental ED visits by Medicaid enrolled adults. Segmented linear regression revealed that policy change led to an immediate significant increase in the rate of dental ED visits. The policy had a differential impact on various subgroups based on age, race-ethnicity and residential location. The annual costs associated with dental ED visits made by Medicaid adults also increase 68%.
Survival analytic approach was used in the final study to examine the patterns of dental care following a dental ED visit by Medicaid enrolled adults in Iowa. Medicaid claims and enrollment data were used to identify adults with an index dental ED visit in 2011, and then each subject was followed for up to 6 months. About 52% of all adults who satisfied the study inclusion criteria, had a follow up dental visit within 6 months of the index dental ED visit. Cox regression model revealed that adults who had visited a dentist in the year prior to the ED visit had greater hazards of having an early dental follow up after the ED visit. Having repeated dental ED visits was found to have a dose-response relationship to follow-up time to dentist visit, with those having 1 repeat ED visit having 53% hazards and those with 2 or more repeat ED visits having 34% hazards of having a follow-up dentist visit, compared to those with no repeat ED visits.
Collectively, the results from this dissertation provide important insights in understanding the complex problem of avoidable ED visits. Factors such as food insecurity and medical home need to be further investigated in their association with avoidable ED visits. State Medicaid policy plays an important role and limiting Medicaid adult dental coverage may lead to an increased reliance of the affected population on EDs for dental care. However, EDs do not provide any definitive dental care, and our results indicate that almost half of the adults with dental ED visit do not have a follow-up dentist visit in the next 6 months.
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Staud, Shawna. "The Use of Digital Media by State Dental Boards in Licensure and Enforcement of Oral Health Professionals; A Survey." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461234272.
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Mould, Diane Renee. "The oral and I.V. pharmacokinetics of ethyl alcohol in the fed and fasted state using the dog model /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148767684711865.
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McNeill, Erin Talbot. "Variations in subjective state over the oral contraceptive pill cycle : the influence of endogenous steroids and temporal manipulations." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20013.
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Many biological systems vary rhythmically in response to changes in both the external and internal environment. Some rhythms, such as the menstrual cycle in women, are built into the organism and repeat themselves over time without any support from external factors. It has been acknowledged for a long time that in addition to the predictable changes in steroid hormones that occur over the menstrual cycle, many women also experience concomitant changes in their physical and emotional well being. Most of the literature concentrates on the fact that negative moods and physical changes seem to occur predominantly before and during menstruation. Given the close temporal relationship of these changes to the timing of the steroid cycle, causal mechanisms have traditionally been sought in the hormonal changes themselves. Yet the literature reveals that no causal role has consistently been found for any of a large number of hormonal parameters that change over the menstrual cycle. Further, there is good evidence that variations in well being of a similar magnitude, and with similar timing occur during the combined oral contraceptive pill cycle. This thesis is concerned with exploring the aetiology of cycle-related change in emotional and physical well being during oral contraceptive use. Its two fundamental objectives are 1) to clarify why women taking the pill have similar experiences to women with hormonally distinct, menstrual cycles, and 2) to test a novel aetiological hypothesis with women taking the pill that there exists an endogenous rhythm of well being that is coupled to, but not caused by cyclical hormones. This knowledge may help us to understand better the phenomenology of the 'normal' cycle. The role of social factors in the expression of cycle-related change is just as poorly understood as the complex influence of biological factors. Thus a third portion of this thesis is devoted to exploring the nature of women's beliefs about their cycles, and investigating how they may 'translate' in their experience and reporting.
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Gatto, Ana Rita [UNESP]. "Efeito do sabor azedo e da temperatura fria na fase oral da deglutição no acidente vascular encefálico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86302.
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gatto_ar_me_botfm.pdf: 1016238 bytes, checksum: 8616d5f78187c09a64363d4593887258 (MD5)A dificuldade de deglutição é um déficit comum em pacientes após Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE). Estudos com esta população evidenciam atraso no início da resposta faríngea e um aumento do tempo de trânsito oral, quando comparada com indivíduos normais. Verificou-se que a redução destes tempos poderia reduzir o risco de penetração e/ou aspiração laringotraqueal e, consequentemente, diminuir o risco de complicações broncopulmonares. Portanto este estudo tem por objetivo verificar o efeito do sabor azedo e da temperatura fria no tempo de trânsito oral da deglutição, no tempo de resposta faríngea e no escape oral posterior. Participaram deste estudo 52 indivíduos após Acidente Vascular Encefálico isquêmico hemisférico, tanto com lesão à direita (D) como à esquerda (E), e disfagia orofaríngea de grau leve a moderado, sendo 28 do gênero masculino e 24 do gênero feminino, de 50 a 80 anos (66 anos). Para a análise dos tempos de deglutição foi realizada a videofluoroscopia da deglutição. Cada indivíduo foi avaliado durante a deglutição de bolo na consistência pastosa, oferecido em colher, com 5 ml cada, sendo ao todo 4 estímulos diferentes (natural, gelado, azedo e azedo-gelado). Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos conforme a seqüência dessa oferta: Grupo 1- estímulos oferecidos aleatoriamente (24 indivíduos), grupo 2 - estímulos oferecidos na seguinte ordem: natural, gelado, azedo e azedogelado (28 indivíduos). Após o exame, através de software específico, foram realizadas as medidas de deslocamento do bolo alimentar. Foram mensurados o tempo de trânsito oral (TTO), o tempo de trânsito oral total (TTOT), o tempo de início da resposta faríngea (IRF) e o escape posterior. Os resultados mostraram que a associação entre os estímulos azedo e gelado provocou mudanças significantes no TTOT e no TTO, no grupo de indivíduos...
Dysphagia is a common deficit in patients after stroke. Comparing with normal subjects, studies in this population show both a delay in swallowing initiation and an increase in oral transit time. It is postulated that the remediation of, or reduction of these times could reduce the bronchopulmonary complications risk. Therefore, the goal of this study is to verify the effect of sour taste and cold temperature in the oral phase of swallow, swallow response time, and measure the position of the head of the bolus at the swallowing initiation (posterior oral spillage). Participated in these study 52 patients with hemisphere stroke, as with right lesion as with left lesion, with mild to moderate oropharyngeal dysphagia, being 28 males and 24 females, 50 to 80 years (median 66 years). The stroke ictus ranged from 1 to 30 days (median 6 days). All subjects were assessed by objective examination of swallowing. To measure the swallow times a videofluoroscopic exam was used. During the videofluoroscopic, 4 spoons were offered, with 5 milliliters each of thickened substance (natural, cold, sour and sour-cold). The subjects were divided in two specific groups according to the offering sequence: group 1 – random offer (24 subjects), group 2 – sequential offer: natural, cold, sour and sour-cold (28 subjects). The videofluoroscopic images were digitalized and the measurement of the time of displacement of the bolus in oral phase of swallowing was done by specific software. It was measured the oral transit time (OTT), the total oral transit time (TOTT), the swallow response time (SRT), and the posterior oral spillage. The results showed that, in subjects from group 2, the OTT as well as the TOTT of swallowing were significantly lower during swallowing of the bolus with sour-cold stimulus, than when other stimulus offered separately. Spite of the tendency of reduction in both initial swallow response... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Gatto, Ana Rita. "Efeito do sabor azedo e da temperatura fria na fase oral da deglutição no acidente vascular encefálico /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86302.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Maria Aparecida de Arruda HenryCoorientador: Arthur Oscar Schelp
Coorientador: Roberta Gonçalves da Silva
Banca: Giedre Berretin Felix
Banca: Roberto Dantas
Resumo: A dificuldade de deglutição é um déficit comum em pacientes após Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE). Estudos com esta população evidenciam atraso no início da resposta faríngea e um aumento do tempo de trânsito oral, quando comparada com indivíduos normais. Verificou-se que a redução destes tempos poderia reduzir o risco de penetração e/ou aspiração laringotraqueal e, consequentemente, diminuir o risco de complicações broncopulmonares. Portanto este estudo tem por objetivo verificar o efeito do sabor azedo e da temperatura fria no tempo de trânsito oral da deglutição, no tempo de resposta faríngea e no escape oral posterior. Participaram deste estudo 52 indivíduos após Acidente Vascular Encefálico isquêmico hemisférico, tanto com lesão à direita (D) como à esquerda (E), e disfagia orofaríngea de grau leve a moderado, sendo 28 do gênero masculino e 24 do gênero feminino, de 50 a 80 anos (66 anos). Para a análise dos tempos de deglutição foi realizada a videofluoroscopia da deglutição. Cada indivíduo foi avaliado durante a deglutição de bolo na consistência pastosa, oferecido em colher, com 5 ml cada, sendo ao todo 4 estímulos diferentes (natural, gelado, azedo e azedo-gelado). Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos conforme a seqüência dessa oferta: Grupo 1- estímulos oferecidos aleatoriamente (24 indivíduos), grupo 2 - estímulos oferecidos na seguinte ordem: natural, gelado, azedo e azedogelado (28 indivíduos). Após o exame, através de software específico, foram realizadas as medidas de deslocamento do bolo alimentar. Foram mensurados o tempo de trânsito oral (TTO), o tempo de trânsito oral total (TTOT), o tempo de início da resposta faríngea (IRF) e o escape posterior. Os resultados mostraram que a associação entre os estímulos azedo e gelado provocou mudanças significantes no TTOT e no TTO, no grupo de indivíduos... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Dysphagia is a common deficit in patients after stroke. Comparing with normal subjects, studies in this population show both a delay in swallowing initiation and an increase in oral transit time. It is postulated that the remediation of, or reduction of these times could reduce the bronchopulmonary complications risk. Therefore, the goal of this study is to verify the effect of sour taste and cold temperature in the oral phase of swallow, swallow response time, and measure the position of the head of the bolus at the swallowing initiation (posterior oral spillage). Participated in these study 52 patients with hemisphere stroke, as with right lesion as with left lesion, with mild to moderate oropharyngeal dysphagia, being 28 males and 24 females, 50 to 80 years (median 66 years). The stroke ictus ranged from 1 to 30 days (median 6 days). All subjects were assessed by objective examination of swallowing. To measure the swallow times a videofluoroscopic exam was used. During the videofluoroscopic, 4 spoons were offered, with 5 milliliters each of thickened substance (natural, cold, sour and sour-cold). The subjects were divided in two specific groups according to the offering sequence: group 1 - random offer (24 subjects), group 2 - sequential offer: natural, cold, sour and sour-cold (28 subjects). The videofluoroscopic images were digitalized and the measurement of the time of displacement of the bolus in oral phase of swallowing was done by specific software. It was measured the oral transit time (OTT), the total oral transit time (TOTT), the swallow response time (SRT), and the posterior oral spillage. The results showed that, in subjects from group 2, the OTT as well as the TOTT of swallowing were significantly lower during swallowing of the bolus with sour-cold stimulus, than when other stimulus offered separately. Spite of the tendency of reduction in both initial swallow response... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
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Miller, Jeri L. "The influence of volume and viscosity on the distribution of anterior lingual force during the oral stage of swallowing /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68222.
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The influence of bolus volume and viscosity on the distribution of anterior lingual force during the oral stage of swallowing was investigated using a new force transducer technology. The maximum force amplitudes from five normal adults were measured at anterior, right and left lateral tongue margins during ten volitional swallows of 5-, 10-, and 20-ml volumes of water, applesauce, and pudding. Results indicated significant increases in peak force amplitude as viscosity increased. Volume did not significantly influence maximum lingual force amplitudes. Individual subjects demonstrated consistent patterns of asymmetrical force distribution across the lingual margins tested. The results suggest bolus-specific properties influence the mechanics of oral stage lingual functioning. This finding has important clinical implications in the assessment and treatment of dysphagic individuals. Applications of the force transducer array in future research are addressed.
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Jahner, Erik Erwin. "Resting as Knowing| A Lagged Structure Analysis of Resting State fMRI with Application to Mind Wandering during Oral Reading." Thesis, University of California, Riverside, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10680604.
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The human brain is an ongoing dynamic system not activated by experience but nudged from intrinsic activity into new network configurations during perception and learning. Ongoing neural activity during rest is assumed to reflect these intrinsic dynamics in a relatively closed system state. Traditionally, inter-regional connectivity in this system is measured by obtaining time-locked correlations in BOLD activity using fMRI. It is well documented, however, that neural activity unfolds across time and is not isolatent to some reference point.
This exploratory study is a theoretical analysis of how a lagged analysis of resting state dynamics in fMRI could represent persistent representations of knowledge in the neocortex. A novel procedure using both surface based maps and independent component analysis (ICA) is applied to a small group of 54 adolescents. The ICA methods appear to reveal lagged structures with different information than traditional resting state analysis. The group level results are symmetrical between hemispheres and may represent high level perceptual systems.
The components obtained from this exploration are then used to attempt understand how these knowledge systems in neocortex frame mind-wandering frequency when reading aloud in a subset of 38 individuals. The results did not correlate with any known neural systems related to mind wandering, but the methods here are unique. One of the identified components shows significant difference in the lag structure of the occipital cortex as a function of mind wandering frequency during oral reading. This demonstrates that it may be worth exploring the timing in visual system to understand why individuals mind wander when reading aloud. Reverse inference is used to interpret results and suggest future approaches.
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Marcelino, Henrique Rodrigues. "Impact of the aggregation state of amphotericin B on its biopharmaceutical properties. Design of micro- and nanocarriers for oral delivery." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIAS DA SA?DE, 2016. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/21539.
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Esta tese foi realizada com o objetivo geral de desenvolver e a caracterizar nanocarreadores com potencial para sobrepujar as propriedades biofarmac?uticas n?o-favor?veis da anfotericina B (AmB), uma mol?cula extremamente eficaz no tratamento de infec??es sistemicas fungicas e leishmaniose, mas dif?cil de formular independentemente da via de administra??o desejada. Acredita-se que essa mol?cula hidrof?bica possui limita??es devido a pronunciada tend?ncia de agregar sob condi??es fisiol?gicas humanas. A primeira parte desta tese foi conduzida pela hip?tese de que o estado de agrega??o da AmB teria um forte impacto sobre as propriedades farmacocin?ticas da mesma. Por tal raz?o, complexos de albumina e amB foram produzidos de forma a controlar o estado de agrega??o da AmB. A estrutura dos coloides obtidos foi caracterizada atrav?s de ensaios de espectroscopia UV-Vis e dicroismo circular. Adicionalmente, o impacto do estado de agrega??o na permeabilidade intestinal e no poss?vel reconhecimento dos agregados pelo sistema imunol?gico foram investigados. A segunda parte deste trabalho teve como objetivo o desenvolvimento de micro- e nanocarreadores para sobrepor as barreiras para absor??o da AmB ap?s a sua administra??o pela via oral. Para este fim, AmB foi incorporada em micro- e nanoemuls?es para observa??o da habilidade destes sistemas de incrementar a permeabilidade intestinal de mol?culas. Tal habilidade foi avaliada atrav?s do m?todo ex vivo de C?maras de Ussing, onde o tecido intestinal ? utilizado como barreira entre duas semi-c?maras. Nenhuma permea??o foi detectada nas condi??es experimentais utilizadas. No entanto, os dados obtidos atrav?s da medidas eletrofisiol?gicas demonstraram que a velocidade da perda da viabilidade do tecido ? dependente do estado de agrega??o da AmB em contato com o tecido. Tamb?m foi observado, atrav?s dos ensaios de permeabilidade que as rotas de absor??o paracelular e transcelular devem ser rotas marginais quando a absor??o da AmB ? observada in vivo, como descrito na literatura. Como alternativas, as rotas de absor??o pela captura de agregados e part?culas pelas placas de Peyer e a rota de absor??o linf?tica t?m sido discutidas. Finalmente, um otro sistema particulado que objetiva a libera??o em n?vel de col?n e baseada na utiliza??o da xilana, um biopol?mero natural e enzimaticamente degradado. A xilana ? polissacar?deo presente em gr?os, cereais e plantas angiospermas que ? especificamente degradado na regi?o col?nica, especificamente pela microbiota l? presente. A t?cnica aplicada de forma original consiste na forma??o de uma emuls?o ?gua-?gua de xilana em presen?a de PEG, seguida por uma etapa de reticula??o com o tris?dio trimetafosfato. Atrav?s da aplica??o desta t?cnica foi poss?vel produzir part?culas ? base de xilana que podem ter seu tamanho m?dio, de forma controlada, variado entre 380 nm e 4.5 ?m, de acordo com os par?metros utilizados. Esta t?cnica tamb?m ? livre do uso de solventes org?nicos e possui potencial aplica??o para a libera??o controlada de AmB em n?vel de col?n.
This thesis is part of the development and evaluation of nanomedicines potentially able to overcome unfavorable biopharmaceutical properties of amphotericin B (AmB), a highly effective molecule used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections and leishmaniasis, but difficult to formulate efficiently, whatever the route of delivery. It is believed that this hydrophobic molecule suffers from severe limitations due to its pronounced tendency to aggregate under physiological conditions. The first part of the thesis was driven on the hypothesis that the degree of aggregation of AmB could have a strong impact on some of its pharmacokinetics properties. For this purpose albumin has been used to produce controlled complexes between albumin and AmB in order to control AmB aggregation states. The morphological characteristics of the resulting colloidal objects have been carefully characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and circular dichroism. Furthermore, the impact of aggregation state on both the intestinal permeability and a possibly expected recognition of the aggregates by the immunological system were investigated. The second part of this work was focused on the development of micro- and nanocarriers intended to overcome the absorption barrier raised against AmB after oral delivery. For this purpose, AmB was loaded into micro- and nanoemulsions to evaluate a possible permeability enhancement effect through the intestinal membrane, which was evaluated in ratas using the Ussing chamber model. No detectable permeation was seen in any of the experimental conditions. However, the electrophysiological data showed tissue viability losses due to the strong toxicity of AmB, that were dependent on the aggregation state of AmB when in contact with the tissue. It was also concluded from detailed permeation experiments in healthy tissues that paracellular and transcellular routes were likely to be only marginal pathways when oral absorption are observed in vivo, as reported in the literature. The likeness of other possible absorption pathways, including Peyer's patches capture and lymphatic pathway implication for aggregated particles has been discussed. Finally, another particulate system intended for colonic delivery and based on xylan, a natural and enzymatically degradable biopolymer, has been investigated. Xylan is a polysaccharide present in grains, cereals and angiosperm plants that is specifically degraded on colon region, by the microbiota. An original process consisting in a water-in-water emulsion of xylan in presence of PEG followed by a crosslinking phase using trisodium trimetaphosphate has been developed, making possible the production of xylan-based biocompatible micro- and nanospheres ranging from 380 nm to 4.5 ?m, depending on the parameters in the process. This eco-friendly process is free of harmful solvents and has potential application for the delivery of AmB at the colonic level.
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Rodrigues, Marcelino Henrique. "Impact of the aggregation state of amphotericin B on its biopharmaceutical properties. Design of micro- and nanocarriers for oral delivery." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS056.
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Le développement de nanomédicaments capables de contrecarrer les propriétés biopharmaceutiques défavorables de l'amphotéricine B (AmB) représente un enjeu important. L'AmB est en effet une molécule très efficace pour le traitement des infections fongiques systémiques et aussi pour la leishmaniose, mais difficile à formuler efficacement, quelle que soit la voie d'administration. Cette molécule particulièrement hydrophobe souffre de limitations importantes en raison de sa tendance prononcée à l'agrégation dans les conditions physiologiques. La première partie de cette thèse a consisté à vérifier l'hypothèse selon laquelle le degré d'agrégation de l'AmB pourrait avoir un fort impact sur certaines de ses propriétés biopharmaceutiques et pharmacocinétiques. Dans cet objectif, l'albumine a été utilisée pour produire avec l'AmB des complexes de taille contrôlée. Les caractéristiques morphologiques des objets colloïdaux formés ont été déterminées par spectroscopie UV-Vis et par dichroïsme circulaire. Ainsi, l'impact de l'état de l'agrégation sur la perméabilité intestinale d'une part et la reconnaissance éventuellement des agrégats par le système immunitaire d'autre part a été étudié. La deuxième partie de ce travail a été axée sur le développement des micro et nanotransporteurs destinés à surmonter la barrière d'absorption élevée contre AmB après son administration orale. À cet effet, des micro- et nano-émulsions chargées en AmB ont été préparée afin d'estimer leur capacité à améliorer la perméabilité de l'AmB au travers de l'épithélium digestif de rat. Le modèle de la Chambre d’Ussing a été utilisé à cet effet. Aucun passage de l’AmB n'a pu être détecté dans chacune des conditions expérimentales testées. Toutefois, les données électrophysiologiques ont montré une diminution de la viabilité des tissus, attribuable à la grande toxicité de l'AmB, et dépendante de l'état d'agrégation de l'AmB lorsque ces objets sont au contact avec le tissu. Ces essais de perméation menés sur des tissus sains au niveau jéjunal suggèrent que le transport de l'AmB par les voies paracellulaire et/ou transcellulaire est sans doute marginal. Cependant, la littérature rapporte que qu'une absorption par voie orale de l'AmB, bien que peu importante, peut être observée in vivo. Ceci suggère donc que d'autres voies d'absorption pourraient être mises en oeuvre, parmi lesquelles la capture d'agrégats d'AmB au niveau des plaques de Peyer et l'accès à la voie lymphatique pourraient représenter des voies d'absorption alternatives. Enfin, l'emploi d'un autre système de transporteur conçu pour atteindre le colon et assurer la délivrance colonique grâce à l'action enzymatique bactérienne locale a été envisagé. Dans cet objectif, un biopolymère naturel et dégradable par des enzymes, le xylane, a été sélectionné. Le xylane est un polysaccharide présent dans les grains, de céréales et de plantes angiospermes qui est spécifiquement dégradé dans la région du côlon, grâce à l'action enzymatique du microbiote. Pour cela, un procédé original de préparation de particules a été mis en oeuvre consistant tout d'abord à produire une émulsion eau-dans-eau de xylane en présence de PEG, suivie d'une phase de réticulation du xylane au moyen du trimétaphosphate de trisodium. La méthode a permis la production de nano et de microparticules allant de 380 nm à 4,5 μm et les paramètres contrôlant le processus ont été identifiés. Ce processus, respectueux de l'environnement et ne nécessitant pas l'emploi de solvants organiques, pourrait être appliqué à la délivrance colonique de AmBThis thesis is part of the development and evaluation of nanomedicines potentially able to overcome unfavorable biopharmaceutical properties of amphotericin B (AmB), a highly effective molecule used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections and leishmaniasis, but difficult to formulate efficiently, whatever the route of delivery. It is believed that this hydrophobic molecule suffers from severe limitations due to its prounounced tendency to aggregate under physiological conditions. The first part of the thesis was driven on the hypothesis that the degree of aggregation of AmB could have a strong impact on some of its pharmacokinetics properties. For this purpose albumin has been used to produce controlled complexes between albumin and AmB in order to control AmB aggregation states. The morphological characteristics of the resulting colloidal objects have been carefully characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and circular dichroism. Furthermore, the impact of aggregation state on both the intestinal permeability and a possibly expected recognition of the aggregates by the immunological system were investigated. The second part of this work was focused on the development of micro- and nanocarriers intended to overcome the absorption barrier raised against AmB after oral delivery. For this purpose, AmB was loaded into micro- and nanoemulsions to evaluate a possible permeability enhancement effect through the intestinal membrane, which was evaluated in ratas using the Ussing chamber model. No detectable permeation was seen in any of the experimental conditions. However, the electrophysiological data showed tissue viability losses due to the strong toxicity of AmB, that were dependent on the agregation state of AmB when in contact with the tissue. It was also concluded from detailed permeation experiments in healthy tissues that paracellular and transcellular routes were likely to be only marginal pathways when oral absorption are observed in vivo, as reported in the literature. The likeness of other possible absorption pathways, including Peyer's patches capture and lymphatic pathway implication for agregated particles has been discussed. Finally, another particulate system intended for colonic delivery and based on xylan, a natural and enzymatically degradable biopolymer, has been investigated. Xylan is a polysaccharide present in grains, cereals and angiosperm plants that is specifically degraded on colon region, by the microbiota. An original process consisting in a water-in-water emulsion of xylan in presence of PEG followed by a crosslinking phase using trisodium trimetaphosphate has been developed, making possible the production of xylan-based biocompatible micro- and nanospheres ranging from 380 nm to 4.5 μm, depending on the parameters in the process. This eco-friendly process is free of harmful solvents and has potential application for the delivery of AmB at the colonic level
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Bloomquist, Christy L. "An Examination of the Relationship of Oral Reading Fluency, Silent Reading Fluency, Reading Comprehension, and the Colorado State Reading Assessment." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/5667.
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This study evaluated how measures of oral reading fluency (ORF) and silent reading fluency (SRF) compare as predictors of reading comprehension and how these predictors vary as a function of proficiency level for fourth- and fifth-grade students. Additionally, the study sought to examine the relationship between measures of oral reading fluency, silent reading fluency, reading comprehension, and the Transitional Colorado Assessment Program (TCAP) with these students. Participants were 175 fourth- and fifth-grade students from two randomly selected schools in Colorado. A correlational predictive design was used. Results indicated that measures of ORF and SRF were predictors of reading comprehension and that the relationship of measures of ORF and SRF with comprehension changes over time. Regression analysis results indicated that 45.0% of the variance in reading comprehension was accounted for by the ORF measure for the sample population, as compared to 53.0% of the variance accounted for by SRF measures. Thus, measures of SRF might be a better predictor for maturing readers to determine reading proficiency, monitor student progress, and guide instructional practices.
A structural equation model (SEM) analyzed the relationship of the measure of SRF with reading comprehension as moderated by proficiency level. Analysis for the SRF measure by reading proficiency was conducted at the whole group level. The model accounted for 59.0% of the moderation. Results indicated that reading proficiency level and the SRF measure were both associated with reading comprehension. Reading proficiency level is a significant moderator of the relationship between measures of reading comprehension and SRF.
A SEM mediation model was used to analyze the relationship of measures of ORF, SRF, reading comprehension, and TCAP. The direct effects of the ORF and SRF measures on TCAP were both predictive with 66.0% of the variance accounted for with SRF measure and 66.5% of the variance accounted for with ORF measure.
Results indicated that as grade level increases, the relationship between measures of ORF, SRF, and reading comprehension changes. Additionally, SRF measures can be a viable alternative to ORF measures for upper elementary students as a predictor of reading comprehension and on the TCAP high-stake assessment.
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Richard, Monique. "Building a Foundation for Interprofessional-Education (IPE) Between Dietetic Students and Dental Hygiene Students at East Tennessee State University (ETSU)." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1107.
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Nutrition education is an integral part of dental education as well as a variety of other healthcare professions1, but interprofessional education (IPE) between the fields of dietetics and dental hygiene is limited. The purpose of this pilot study was to define areas of opportunity to establish a foundation for the implementation of complimentary curriculum between the dietetics and dental hygiene programs at ETSU. A 76-question survey was developed and administered to dietetic interns (n=26), dental hygiene students (n=49), dietetic faculty (n=23), and dental hygiene faculty (n=19) at ETSU and Baylor College of Dentistry at Texas A&M Health Science Center. Data analysis reveals a knowledge proficiency deficit in dental hygiene students related to nutrition and oral health as well as significant findings in perceived roles of the ‘other’ profession. The potential for interdisciplinary education and training between dietetic and dental hygiene students at ETSU is promising, potentially leading to improved patient care.
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Lopes, Fernanda Ferreira. "Express?o imuno-histoqu?mica da e-caderina e da ?-catenina em carcinoma epiderm?ide oral com e sem met?stase nodal." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17163.
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The adhesion molecules E-cadherin and β-catenin have been studied as possible markers to distinguish carcinomas with and without metastatic potential. The objective of this research was to study the imunohistochemistry expression of the E-cadherin and β-catenin in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), aiming to contribute for the better understanding of the biological behavior of this lesion. The sample consisted of 30 cases of OSCC, being 15 of tongue and 15 of lower lip. The profile and intensity of labeling and semi quantitative analysis of the percentage of immunopositive tumoral cells in membrane for E-cadherin and β-catenin had been related with the anatomical localization of the lesion, the presence or not of nodal metastasis and the histological grade of malignancy in the invasive front area of the tumor. It was registered the presence or not of cytoplasmic and nuclear labeling of the β-catenin. The results had been submitted to the statistical analysis, being used the Mann-Whitney Test, the Fisher Test and the Spearman Correlation Coefficient (α=0, 05). The results showed that the expression in membrane for E-cadherin and β-catenin was, predominantly, the heterogeneous profile in the lower lip and tongue carcinomas, as well as in the cases with and without nodal metastasis. It was not observed significant statistical difference between expression profile and amount of immunopositive cells for E-cadherin, β-catenin and the anatomical localization of the lesion and for the presence or not of nodal metastasis. However, there was significant difference of the reduced expression of these proteins with the high score of malignancy. It was verified that the expression of the β-catenin in cytoplasm was present in 22 (73.33%) of the 30 analyzed cases, and 6 cases (20%) showed nuclear expression. The statistical analysis detected significant association between the expression of the β-catenin in the cytoplasm with the histological grade of malignancy, being this molecule more frequently present in the cytoplasm in the cases of high score of malignancy. It was concluded that the reduced immunoexpression of these proteins in membrane can be related with the lowest cellular differentiation, as well as with the pattern of invasion in nests and isolated cells, demonstrated in the cases of OSCC with high histological grade of malignancy
As mol?culas de ades?o E-caderina e β-catenina t?m sido estudadas como poss?veis marcadores para distinguir carcinomas com e sem potencial metast?tico. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar a express?o imuno-histoqu?mica da E-caderina e β-catenina em carcinoma epiderm?ide oral (CEO), visando contribuir para uma melhor compreens?o do comportamento biol?gico desta les?o. A amostra constou de 30 casos de CEO, sendo 15 de l?ngua e 15 de l?bio inferior. O padr?o e intensidade de marca??o e a an?lise semiquantitativa do percentual de c?lulas tumorais imunopositivas em membrana para E-caderina e β-catenina foram relacionados com a localiza??o anat?mica da les?o, a presen?a ou n?o de met?stase nodal e a grada??o histol?gica de malignidade no front de invas?o tumoral. Tamb?m foi registrada a presen?a ou n?o de imunomarca??o citoplasm?tica e nuclear da β-catenina. Os resultados foram submetidos ? an?lise estat?stica, sendo utilizados o Teste de Mann-Whitney, o Teste Exato de Fisher e o Coeficiente de correla??o de Spearman (α=0,05). Os resultados mostraram que a express?o em membrana para E-caderina e β-catenina exibiram, predominantemente, o padr?o heterog?neo nos carcinomas de l?bio inferior e nos de l?ngua, assim como nos casos com e sem met?stase nodal. Aplicados os testes estat?sticos, observou-se que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre o padr?o de express?o e a quantidade de c?lulas imunopositivas para E-caderina e β-catenina e a localiza??o anat?mica da les?o e para a presen?a ou n?o de met?stase nodal. Por?m, verificou-se diferen?a estatisticamente significativa da express?o reduzida destas prote?nas com o alto escore de malignidade. Observou-se que a express?o da β-catenina em citoplasma estava presente em 22 (73,33%) dos 30 casos analisados, sendo que em 6 casos (20%) houve a express?o em n?cleo. Ap?s a an?lise estat?stica, foi detectada uma associa??o significativa entre a express?o da β-catenina no citoplasma com a grada??o histol?gica de malignidade, estando esta mol?cula mais freq?entemente presente no citoplasma nos casos de alto escore de malignidade. Conclui-se que a imunoexpress?o reduzida destas prote?nas em membrana pode estar relacionada com o menor grau de diferencia??o celular, bem como com o padr?o de invas?o em ninhos e em c?lulas isoladas, demonstrados nos casos de CEO de alto escore
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Moreira, Williane Barreto [UNESP]. "Minha terra tem palmeiras onde canta o sabiá...: sobre o Projeto Inajá e a formação de professores no médio Araguaia." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/137751.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Neste trabalho formulamos uma versão histórica sobre a formação de professores de Matemática na região do Médio Araguaia, estado de Mato Grosso, partindo do Projeto Inajá, no período de 1980 a 1990. Para desenvolvermos nossa pesquisa adotamos a História Oral como metodologia. Através dela constituímos narrativas que, juntamente com outras fontes escritas e imagéticas, nos permitiram narrar sobre a formação de professores na região, no referido período. Assim, abordamos um curso ofertado no Médio Araguaia, em uma época em que o fluxo migratório para a região estava em pleno movimento e acontecia um aumento significativo da população, necessitando assim melhorar e qualificar os professores que ali atuavam. Isso se deu por incentivo de pessoas da região que sofriam pela carência e urgência da mudança educacional. O curso ocorreu de modo inovador para atender aos professores leigos, sendo ofertado em etapas no período de férias, bem como adotou uma metodologia diferenciada que foi moldada dia a dia, conforme nossos entrevistados. O Projeto Inajá aconteceu em dois momentos distintos, atendendo mais de 300 professores leigos, ou seja, professores que já atuavam em sala de aula e não possuíam formação alguma para atuar. Por meio dos cursos desse projeto, os professores envolvidos obtiveram a formação em nível de magistério, para atuar nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental. Cumpre lembrar que esta pesquisa faz parte de um projeto do Grupo História Oral e Educação Matemática (Ghoem), que visa a um mapeamento sobre a História da Educação Matemática Brasileira e especificamente sobre a formação e atuação de professores de Matemática em suas distintas regiões. Dessa maneira, contribui significativamente com este projeto ao mostrar que o Inajá, mesmo sendo um curso em caráter emergencial, implicou mudanças na realidade educacional das localidades envolvidas, trazendo novos elementos para a discussão sobre a formação de professores de Matemática no Brasil.
This research brings a historical version of mathematics teachers training in the region of Médio Araguaia, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. We concentrated on Inajá Project, which took place during the decades of 1980 and 1990. In order to develop this research, we adopted the Oral History methodology. Through it, we gathered narratives that, associated with other documental sources and images, allowed us to narrate the teachers training process in the considered region and period. We focused on a course offered in Médio Araguaia when the migratory flow towards the region was big and, therefore, caused a significant growth in the population of the area. There was the need to improve and qualify the teachers who worked there. This happened with the incentive of local people, who were suffering with the lack of qualified professionals and the urgent need of educational changes. The course happened in an innovative way to serve the lay teachers, and took place during holidays. It also included an original methodology, which was determined day by day, according to the people we interviewed. Inajá Project was held in two specific periods, helping more than 300 lay teachers, who had already been teaching without appropriate formal training. After attending the courses offered by the Project, the teachers involved received a certificate to teach elementary school. It is also important to point out that this research is part of a project held by the Mathematical Education and Oral History Group (Ghoem, in Portuguese), which aims to produce a map of the history of mathematical education in Brazil. This project concentrates specifically on the training and work of mathematics teachers in different regions of the country. This research also contributes significantly to the Ghoem proposal by showing that Inajá Project, which was an emergency measure, resulted in changes in the educational reality of the region and enlightened with new information the discussion about mathematics teachers training and development in Brazil.
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Nascimento, Dávila Maria da Cruz Andrade. "Memória do Santo Daime na Paraíba: vinte anos de histórias ao Som e na Luz da Floresta." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2014. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4246.
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Previous issue date: 2014-07-30Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Santo Daime is a religion that makes use of entheogenic drink Ayahuasca in their rituals. Formed in the mid-1930s in the city of Brasiléia, State of Acre, north of Brazil, founded by Raimundo Irineu Serrawho, borned in Maranhão, he migrated to the Amazon rainforest in the waves of the rubber boom. From Vila Ivonete quarter, with rural ares and strong Northeast presence, Santo Daime follows a script messia nic characteristics around the forest under the charismatic leadership of Sebastião Mota de Melo, and thence to the world. This research seeks to understand how, in the process of expanding to large urban centers and abroad, the Santo Daime comes to State of Paraíba and brings together the first group of followers who formed the first church in the Northeast, and other groups from Paraíba. We aimed to know which components of this land provided the establishment of this religious following in this field, the formation of Paraiba's daimista people, their characteristics and trends. As the main source of research subjects of this field actors of that history that revitalize memory in reports during the interviews, biased in Oral History, and their life experiences as followers of this cult. Anchored at the anthropological category known as participant observation or even observant participation, the research will marking its contours in the construction of the Santo Daime in Paraíba, gateway of this religion in the Northeast, and its development in the region memory. In Paraíba there are four groups or churches of Santo Daime, this research sought to identify the participants' narratives historical and cultural elements that make up this religious denomination in Paraiba field. This is an original study for the presence and memory of that religious group in Paraíba and Northeast regions.
O Santo Daime é uma religião que faz uso da bebida enteógena ayahuasca em seus rituais. Surgiu em meados de 1930 na cidade de Brasiléia, no Acre, região Norte do Brasil, fundada pelo maranhense Raimundo Irineu Serra que migrou para a floresta Amazônica nas levas do ciclo da borracha. Do bairro Vila Ivonete, com ares rurais e com forte presença nordestina, o Santo Daime segue um roteiro de características messiânicas de volta a floresta sob a liderança carismática de Sebastião Mota de Melo, e daí para o mundo. A presente pesquisa busca compreender como, no processo de expansão para os grandes centros urbanos e o exterior, o Santo Daime chega à Paraíba reúne o primeiro grupo de seguidores que formaram a primeira igreja do Nordeste e demais grupos paraibanos. Objetivamos saber quais componentes deste solo proporcionaram o estabelecimento desse segmento religioso neste campo, a formação do povo daimista paraibano, suas particularidades e tendências. Contamos como principal fonte de pesquisa os sujeitos deste campo, atores dessa história, que revitalizam a memória nos relatos durante as entrevistas, enviesadas na História Oral, e suas experiências de vida enquanto seguidores desse culto. Ancorada na categoria antropológica conhecida como observação participante ou mesmo participação observante, a pesquisa vai marcando seus contornos na construção da memória do Santo Daime na Paraíba, porta de entrada dessa religião no Nordeste, e seu desenvolvimento na região. Na Paraíba existem quatro grupos ou igrejas do Santo Daime, buscamos nessa pesquisa identificar, nas narrativas dos participantes, elementos históricos e culturais que compõem essa denominação religiosa no campo paraibano. Este é um estudo inédito quanto à presença e memória desse grupo religioso na Paraíba e no Nordeste.
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Ko, Chao-Jung. "Early-stage French as a foreign language in Taiwan : a case study involving L2 oral proficiency, motivation and social presence in synchronous computer mediated communication (CMC)." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7818.
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This study, adopting a case study approach with a group of beginning-level FFL (French as a foreign language) learners, investigated the possibility that initial level foreign language learners may acquire oral skills through synchronous CMC, and the impacts of synchronous CMC learning on their motivation, as well as their social presence. The participants were 12 FFL beginners in a Taiwanese university. Divided into three groups, they were required to conduct three tasks in three different learning environments (video/audio, audio and f2f) during an academic semester (18 weeks). The semester constituted cycles of three-week practices on those tasks. The contents of the tasks were inter-connected. Before each oral task, all the participants had to conduct the same task in synchronous text chat. The data for this study was collected from the participants’ performance in three oral tests held at the initial, middle and final phases of the study, their online chat records, interview transcriptions, learning journal, questionnaires completed at the beginning and the end of the study, and the instructor’s observation journal. The results suggest that these three CMC learning modes bring only partial benefits in terms of learners’ oral proficiency development. It is factors generated by the three learning environments, rather than the environments themselves, that have the largest impact on the learners’ oral proficiency development, learning motivation and attitudes towards the target language. However, the differences in the environments are reflected in particular in the learners’ perception of social presence.
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Oosthuysen, Jeanné. "Infection prevention and control audit-feedback instrument for oral health care in South Africa." Thesis, Bloemfontein: Central University of Technology, Free State, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/669.
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Thesis (D. Tech. (Biomedical Technology)) -- Central University of Technology, Free State, 2015This study reviewed national and international literature to develop an audit-feedback instrument (AFI) to monitor adherence of South African oral health care facilities with compliance to infection prevention and control precautions. In a multi-phased literature search, existing infection prevention and control recommendations, guidelines and audit-feedback instruments were reviewed and broadened to include “dental audit tools”, as well as audit tools from other health care disciplines. Audit-feedback instruments were scrutinised for user friendliness, the use of simple language, electronic calculations and feedback possibilities. A new South African AFI was proposed, considering the differences between public and private oral health care facilities and also the diversity of training levels of oral health care personnel employed. Eleven focus areas supporting all aspects of infection prevention and control in oral health care facilities, including administrative controls; personnel protection controls; environmental- and work controls; surface contamination management; equipment maintenance, service or repair; air- and waterline management; personal protective equipment usage; personal and hand hygiene practices; sterilisation practices; safe sharps handling and waste management were included. The AFI was tested in a sample of 50 oral health care facilities. None of the participating facilities demonstrated 100% compliance. Personal- and hand hygiene practices and waste management performed the best, at respectively 75% and 63%, while administrative controls and air- and waterline management scored the lowest mean values; 31% and 36% respectively The general lack of compliance with infection prevention and control precautions in the participating oral health care facilities clearly poses a safety hazard to both patients and oral health care workers. Results indicate that adherence of South African oral health care facilities with compliance to infection prevention and control precautions need to be improved. The AFI should go a long way towards improving safety and the high expectations about providing quality infection prevention and control outcomes in oral health care.
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Dinh, Monica. "Adjunctive appliance wear and gender affect patients' oral health-related quality of life during the late stage of orthodontic treatment in adolescents." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2015. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_cdm_stuetd/64.
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Objective: This study was conducted to determine how oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) changes during the late stage of comprehensive fixed orthodontic treatment in adolescents and what factors may be involved. Background: Completion of orthodontic treatment has been shown to improve patients’ OHQoL due to the changes in esthetics, function and emotional well-being. The levels of OHQoL fluctuate throughout treatment where an initial decrease within the first 6 months occurs followed by an improvement towards patients’ pre-treatment levels. At 18 months of fixed orthodontic treatment, the level is unclear. The aims of this study were to clarify the changes of OHQoL during this late stage of fixed orthodontic treatment beyond 18 months in adolescents and to identify factors, including dental extractions, patient compliance, use of adjunctive appliances, and patient demographics, which may contribute to the OHQoL. Methods: This case-control study consisted of 154 adolescent patients undergoing comprehensive fixed orthodontic treatment from the Nova Southeastern University orthodontic department. Subjects were selected based upon the number of months in comprehensive fixed orthodontic treatment. Completion of the Oral Health Impact Profile short form (OHIP-14) as well as occurrence of dental extraction during orthodontic treatment, use of adjunctive appliances, frequency of emergency and failed appointments, level of oral hygiene, and subjects’ age and gender were all recorded. Statistical analysis using structural equation modeling was used to determine the direct and indirect effects to subjects’ OHQoL. Results: The model accounted for 35% of the variance in OHQoL. There were no significant differences in average OHIP-14 scores between the initial stage of 5-7 months and final stage of 18 months and over in orthodontic treatment. The analysis of direct factors showed that females and subjects with adjunctive appliances possessed higher OHIP-14 scores. Conclusions: Treatment time beyond 18 months of treatment was not a significant factor affecting adolescents’ OHQoL. Female patients and those with adjunctive appliances expressed poorer levels of OHQoL. These factors may be attributed to the scores within the physical and psychological domains as these patients experienced pain and discomfort from appliance wear as well as negative impact on their self-esteem during comprehensive fixed orthodontics.
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Zorzan, Fábio Jorge de Almeida. "O ensino de italiano (LE) em contexto público no Brasil: mapeamento e estudo de caso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8148/tde-26052015-111630/.
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O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar como se caracterizam as práticas educativas e como se constroem as representações sociais de um professor de italiano que atuava em uma escola pública, mas que, do ponto de vista trabalhista, estava vinculado a uma associação italiana. No que diz respeito aos procedimentos metodológicos, esta é uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, cuja coleta de dados consistiu em gravações de dez reuniões entre o pesquisador e o professor de italiano. Para fins de análise dos dados, foram identificados três eixos temáticos: (1) a relação construída entre o professor e a direção da escola, (2) as representações do professor sobre os alunos da escola pública e (3) as representações sobre o ensino de língua italiana nesse contexto. Procuramos relacionar cada um os eixos temáticos a diversos conceitos, tais como: autoridade (ADORNO, 2006), representação social (MOSCOVICI, 2011) e ensino comunicativo de línguas (WIDDOWSON, 1991; ALMEIDA FILHO, 1993). Como veremos nesta dissertação, os dados revelam uma relação conflituosa entre o professor e a direção da escola pública, indicam também, que as suas representações sobre o contexto da escola pública, bem como sua formação universitária, influenciaram sua prática didática. Ao mesmo tempo, os dados apontam que essas representações não são estáticas, mas dinâmicas, pois foram reelaboradas, à medida que o professor se deparava com situações imprevistas e vivenciava novas experiências. Visto que este trabalho se insere em um contexto de escola pública, decidimos iniciá-lo fazendo um mapeamento dos municípios brasileiros que oferecem o ensino de LI em estabelecimentos públicos, algo até então inédito nos estudos de Italianística no Brasil. Um dos resultados desse mapeamento foi ver o importante papel que as associações ítalo-brasileiras têm em difundir a LI em escolas públicas pertencentes às suas respectivas áreas de atuação. De forma específica, apoiados na Metodologia da História Oral (MEIHY e HOLANDA, 2011; ALBERTI, 2005), analisamos o percurso da Associação Cultural Ítalo-Brasileira do Rio de Janeiro (ACIB-RJ), que fornecia professores para a escola pública foco desta pesquisa, mas que encerrou suas atividades em 2012 devido a uma crise financeira. Com este trabalho, esperamos contribuir para uma melhor compreensão da sala de aula de italiano em escolas públicas e também, para uma cartografia do ensino de italiano no Brasil em contextos públicos.This research aims to investigate how educational practices are characterized and how social representations are built by a teacher who has taught Italian at a state school, but that, from a labor standpoint, has been connected to an Italian Association. In relation to the methodological procedures, this research is a qualitative study, whose data acquisition was made through the recording of ten meetings between the researcher and the teacher of Italian. For the purpose of analyzing data, there have been identified three thematic axes: (1) the relationship between the teacher and the principal of the school, (2) the teachers representations about the state school students and (3) the representations about the teaching of the Italian language in this educational context. We have considered associating each of the thematic axes to various concepts, such as: authority (ADORNO, 2006), social representations (MOSCOVICI, 2011) and communicative language teaching (WIDDOWSON, 1991; ALMEIDA FILHO, 1993). As we will see in this study, the data reveal a conflicting relationship between the teacher and the state school principal. They also indicate that the teachers representations about the state school context as well as his university training have affected his teaching practice. At the same time, the data pointed out that these representations are not static, but dynamic, because they were reformulated as the teacher faced unexpected situations and lived new experiences. Since this study is part of a state school context, we have decided to map the Brazilian districts whose state schools teach Italian, something unique in the area of studies of the Italian language in Brazil until then. One of the results of this mapping was to see the relevant role of the Italian-Brazilian associations in disseminating the Italian language at the state schools under their responsibility. In a specific way, based on the Oral History Methodology (Meihy e Holanda, 2011: Alberti, 2005), we analyzed the journey of the Associação Cultural Ítalo-Brasileira do Rio de Janeiro (ACIB-RJ), which provided teachers of Italian to the state school that was the focus of this research, but ended its activities in 2012 due to a financial crisis. With this work, we hope to promote a better understanding of the Italian language classroom at state schools, as well as a mapping of the teaching of Italian at state schools in Brazil.
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Westbacke, Kerstin. "HYGIENE, EATING HABITS AND ORAL HEALTH AMONG CHILDREN IN THREE NEPALESE PUBLIC HIGH SCHOOLS." Thesis, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3254.
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Currently, many developing countries are experiencing rising prevalences of caries associated with changes in lifestyle and living conditions. Objectives: To describe the hygiene, eating habits, and oral health status of Nepalese children. Materials and Methods: A stratifiedsample of 231 children 5–7, 11–13, and 15–16 years of age (53% boys, 47% girls) who attended public high schools in the rural area of the Lalitpur District, Nepal was selected. The study was a field study combining a clinical examination (plaque, gingivitis, calculus, and caries) and a questionnaire. The questions concerned sanitary conditions, health support, personal hygiene, tooth cleaning, and eating habits. Results: During the school day, half of the children ate nothing at all. General personal hygiene was associated with tooth-cleaning frequency.Four out of five children in the entire sample cleaned their teeth once/day or more, using their own toothbrush. The use of fluoride toothpaste was rare.More frequent tooth cleaning and lower plaque indices were seen among girls and older children. More plaque was found on the occlusal surfaces of erupting permanent molars than on fully occluded permanent molars. Most children had a low prevalence of manifest caries in the primary and the permanent dentitions. However, every fifth 5–7-yr-old had manifest caries in three or more primary teeth. The occlusal surfaces of molars accounted for almost all registered caries in both dentitions. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of manifest caries was low, the low level of preventive activities may cause an increase in the prevalence of caries, as in other developing countries. The presumed risk scenario needs to be met by comprehensive and systematic health promotion and preventive measures.Sammanfattning: I många utvecklingsländer sker förändringar av livsstil och levnadsförhållanden med samtidig ökad förekomst av karies. Mål: Att beskriva hygien, matvanor och munhälsa hos nepalesiska barn. Material och Metod: Ett stratifierat urval av 231 barn, som i åldrarna 5-7, 11-13 och 15-16 år (53% pojkar, 47% flickor), elever i statliga grundskolor på landsbygden, Lalitpur distriktet Nepal, användes. Studien utformades som en fältstudie med klinisk undersökning (plack, gingivit, tandsten och karies) kombinerad med en enkätstudie. Frågorna rörde sanitära förhållanden, hälsostöd från hemmet, personlig hygien, tandrengörings- och matvanor. Resultat: Under skoldagen åt hälften av barnen ingenting alls. Allmän personlig hygien var associerad med tandrengörings frekvens. Av alla barn, som användande sin egen tandborste, borstade fyra av fem, en gång om dagen eller mer. Äldre barn och flickor rengjorde tänderna oftare och hade ett lägre plackindex. Mer plack fanns på erupterande molarers occlusalytor jämfört med molarer i full ocklusion. De flesta barnen hade en låg frekvens manifest karies i primära och permanenta bettet. Dock hade en femtedel av 5-7 åringarna tre eller fler manifesta kariesangrepp i primära bettet. Ocklusal karies på molarerna utgjorde nästan all registrerad karies i båda dentitionerna. Slutsats: Låg frekvens av manifest karies, men en låg grad av förebyggande aktiviteter, kan medföra en ökad kariesfrekvens liknande den i andra utvecklingsländer. Den förmodande risken måste bemötas med behovsinriktade och systematiska hälsobefrämjande och preventiva åtgärder.
ISBN 91-7997-151-2
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Cooper, Erica Faye. "One 'speck' of imperfection---Invisible blackness and the one-drop rule : an interdisciplinary approach to examining Plessy v. Ferguson and Jane Doe v. State of Louisiana /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3315914.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Communication and Culture, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 7, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-07, Section: A, page: 2521. Adviser: Carolyn Calloway-Thomas.
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TREVISAN, MARINES S. F. "Avaliacao da dor e da reparacao clinica em pacientes submetidos a frenectomia com lasers de diodo(808nm) ou Er, Cr:YSGG ou por tecnica convencional." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2010. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9629.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante em Lasers em Odontologia)
IPEN/D-MPLO
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP; Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo
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Cunha, Luciana Vivian da. "“Liberdade pequena”: memórias do período da ditadura civil-militar no Colégio Júlio de Castilhos (Porto Alegre/ RS)." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2016. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5249.
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Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-05-09T15:32:59Z
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Este estudo versa sobre a construção de uma possível história do Colégio Estadual Júlio de Castilhos, da cidade de Porto Alegre (RS), no período da ditadura civil-militar, a partir da memória de quatro ex-professoras que atuaram na Instituição nesse período e de documentos escritos. As memórias das ex-professoras são compreendidas sob a perspectiva de memória coletiva de Halbwachs (1990), memória e identidade de Pollak (1992) e memória de trabalho de Bosi (1995). Por meio da metodologia História Oral e da análise documental refletiu-se sobre o período estudado. As fontes produzidas são analisadas e discutidas à luz dos conceitos: tática de Certeau (1996), representações e práticas de Chartier (2002). Assim, a partir das memórias das professoras e dos documentos escritos foi possível identificar diferentes elementos relacionados à história do Colégio Júlio de Castilhos, durante o período da ditadura civil-militar, como também compreender, a partir desses elementos, os distintos aspectos relacionados às práticas do cotidiano escolar e sua relação com um contexto social de repressão política, vigente na época pesquisada. Quanto às memórias referentes ao Colégio Júlio de Castilhos constatou-se ser uma Instituição de significativa representatividade para quem lá estudou ou atuou como professor. Sobre as práticas, evidenciaram-se aspectos referentes a táticas construídas pelos professores em relação a situações impostas pelo governo ditatorial. As práticas organizavam-se através de movimentos ambientalistas, do manejo de uma aula, da seleção de conteúdos, de uma seleção diferenciada para professores. Percebe-se, que mesmo quem não reconhecia suas lutas políticas, lutou pelos seus ideais, e alguns que frequentaram o Colégio em um período tão atribulado conforme alguns relatos, pouco perceberam.
This study deals with the construction of a possible history of State School Julio de Castilhos, in Porto Alegre (RS), the period dictatorship, from the memory of four teachers who worked in the institution during this period and written documents. Teachers’ memories are understood from the perspective of collective memory Halbwachs (1990), memory and identity Pollak (1992) and working memory Bosi (1995). Therefore, through an Oral History methodology and documentary analysis was reflected about the study period. The results are analyzed and discussed through these concepts: tactical by Certeau (1996), representations and practices by Chartier (2002). Thus, from the memories of teachers and written documents was possible to identify different elements related to possibility to compose a history of School Julio de Castilhos, during the period dictatorship, and understand, from these elements related, the different aspects related to the practices of school life and its relationship to the social context of politics, current repression in the researched period. About memories of School Julio de Castilhos it was found to be a significant institution, for those who studied or worked as a teacher. In the practices showed up aspects related to tactics by teachers in relation to situations imposed by the dictatorial government. Some practices were constituted by environmental movements, the management of a class, the selection of content, a differentiated selection for teachers. Perceive itself, that who did not recognize their political struggles , fought for their ideals, and some who attended the School in a period as troubled as some told, little noticed .
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Antunes, Denise Castanho. "Memorias das transformações de grupos comunitarios como forma de favorecimento do envelhecimento bem-sucedido." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/252506.
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Orientador: Zula Garcia GiglioDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T21:23:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antunes_DeniseCastanho_M.pdf: 3787418 bytes, checksum: db1419dd4b6f26a04ee7b9b8264a282b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: Introdução: Pesquisas gerontológicas têm ressaltado a importância da reconstrução de memórias de pessoas mais velhas para favorecimento de reflexões acerca do sentido de vida e do estabelecimento de novas metas e formas de enfrentamento. Objetivos: Reconstruir a memória social de grupos comunitários de bairros populares que se envolveram ativamente nos processos de criação e manutenção de grupos comunitários como Mulheres da Periferia, Grupo Reviver, Cantinho da Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe e Giravida. Procuramos identificar a) os significados atribuídos pelos moradores à participação nos movimentos sociais; b) fatores que influenciaram no envolvimento inicial dos participantes e sua permanência nos grupos; c) a relação entre a sua participação social atual e passada e as características de sua rede de suporte social e d) a relação entre geratividade e a participação em grupos comunitários dos segmentos meia-idade, velhice e velhice avançada. Procedimentos: A pesquisa utilizou-se da metodologia da História Oral. Os depoimentos foram coletados através de entrevistas e um Inventário de Geratividade (Neri, 1998), em um grupo de 14 mulheres todas praticantes do catolicismo, e membros e/ou organizadoras grupos comunitários. Análise de dados: As histórias e outras informações foram analisadas dentro do paradigma fenomenológico, com vistas a favorecer a compreensão do envelhecimento através das informações sobre as trajetórias de vida dos atores sociais que fizeram - e ainda fazem - a história da região estudada. Resultados: Atitudes pessoais como religiosidade e envolvimento com novos projetos apareceram como favoráveis para a formações de valores de solidariedade e geratividade, ambos associados à dedicação ao outro. Esses fatores tem forte relação com melhoria da qualidade de vida e implementação de uma visão mais positiva do envelhecimento. A reconstrução da memória, a partir dos depoimentos orais, favoreceu o desenvolvimento da consciência das depoentes sobre sua função social pelo fato de serem detentoras de informações históricas que, uma vez divulgadas na comunidade, pode exercer importante papel agregador e educacional; além disso, descobriram-se como marcos da trajetória do engajamento feminino na região. Conclusões: O envolvimento em grupos comunitários foi favorável para o bem envelhecer das depoentes devido à ampliação na rede de suporte social através de redes solidárias, visão positiva sobre o envelhecimento e desejo de perpetuação dos grupos. A História Oral constituiu uma importante ferramenta, que permitiu reviver informações úteis a compressão das relações sociais; por outro lado, favoreceu aos idosos, que participaram como informantes, uma reconstrução de suas histórias, melhoria na auto ¿estima e valorização social
Abstract: Introduction: Researches in Gerontology have highlighted the importance of rebuilding the memories of older people to aid the awareness on the sense of life and the establishment of new goals and ways of coping. Objectives: To rebuild the social memory of community groups of popular suburbs which involved actively in the processes of creation and maintenance of community groups as Mulheres da Periferia, Grupo Reviver, Cantinho da Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe and Giravida. We tried to identify a) meanings to the participation in social movement assigned by the residents; b) factors which influenced the initial involvement and maintenance of participants in groups; c) the relation between the current and past social participation and the features of the social network support and, d) the relation between the generativity and the participation in community groups of middle-age, aging and advanced aging. Procedures: The research used the methodology of Oral History. The testimonies were collected through interviews and an inventory of Generativity (Neri, 1998), in a group of 14 women all catholic practicioners, and members and/or organizers of community groups. Data Analysis: The stories and other information were analysed according to phenomenological paradigm, aiming at aiding the understanding of aging through the information about the ways of life of social players who made - and still make ¿ the story of the region studied. Results: The themes related to personal attitudes, as religiosity and involvement in new projects, appear as favorable in the formation of solidarity values and generativity which both are associated to the dedication to the other. Those factors seemed to have strong relation with improvement of life quality and implementation of a more positive view of aging. The rebuilding of memory, from the oral testimonies, will have aided the development of the consciousness of the tellers by having a social function for the fact of having historical information, which once difused, the community can have an important aggregating and educational role and besides this, being markers of the way of female engagement in the region. Conclusions: The involvement in community groups was favorable for the well aging of the tellers due to the enlargement of the social network support through the solidarity networks, positive view about aging and will of perpetuation of the groups. Oral History is an important tool which allows, on one hand, to revive useful information for the understanding of social relations. On the other hand, it aids the elderly who participated as tellers, a rebuilding of their stories, improvement of self-steem and social valorization
Mestrado
Mestre em Gerontologia
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Roger, Perrine. "Réponses de Streptococcus salivarius K12 à l'environnement et à la dynamique de la bouche simulés en bioréacteur." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGPT0071/document.
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Ce travail de thèse vise à mieux comprendre l'effet de l'environnement buccal sur le comportement d'une bactérie orale probiotique, Streptococcus salivarius K12. La croissance et la maintenance de S. salivarius K12 ont tout d'abord été caractérisées dans une salive artificielle complémentée (CAS) conçue pour l'étude. Dans ce milieu, cette bactérie démontre un taux de croissance élevé et un temps de latence court, mais elle ne produit pas de bactériocines actives. La survie de S. salivarius K12 en phase stationnaire est, en revanche, affectée dans le milieu CAS. Ce phénomène est expliqué par une synthèse moindre des protéines impliquées dans le métabolisme énergétique, dont celui du glycogène. Toutefois, malgré une sensibilité accrue en phase stationnaire, le milieu CAS permet la croissance et la maintenance de S. salivarius K12. Les effets de plusieurs facteurs environnementaux spécifiques de la bouche, sur S. salivarius K12, ont été déterminés en milieu CAS. Ainsi, l'apport de saccharose, conduit à une dégradation de la viabilité. Des enzymes, ajoutées à leur concentration physiologique, affectent également les cellules bactériennes. Le lysozyme accroît la mortalité de S. salivarius par son action sur la paroi bactérienne. La peroxidase améliore sa viabilité en diminuant le potentiel redox du milieu. Le rôle clé du potentiel redox sur S. salivarius K12 est confirmé par l'impact négatif de l'injection d'air enrichi à 5% de CO2, qui accroît le potentiel redox. Enfin, l'amylase a démontré un rôle à la fois positif (augmentation de la biomasse) et négatif (diminution du taux de croissance). En conséquence, les études impliquant des bactéries orales se doivent de prendre en compte ces facteurs environnementaux influant sur les l'état physiologique bactérien. La mise en place de cultures continues respectant les variations de flux salivaire et permettant l'apport périodique de nutriments, tout en combinant l'ensemble des conditions environnementales identifiées précédemment, a permis de simuler la dynamique des conditions buccales. Les résultats démontrent que S. salivarius K12 est bien adapté à ces conditions de culture. Les cellules sont capables de se maintenir à un niveau de cultivabilité constant, malgré la carence nutritionnelle et le lessivage auxquels elles sont soumises. Certains mécanismes moléculaires expliquant cette adaptation ont été caractérisés : activation des voies d'utilisation de sources de carbone alternatives, stockage de l'énergie, augmentation de la compétence génétique naturelle. Finalement, ces travaux ont permis d'identifier certains mécanismes permettant à Streptococcus salivarius K12 de s'adapter à l'environnement buccal, grâce à la mise en place de méthodes d'étude in vitro du comportement des bactéries oralesThis thesis aims to better understand the effect of oral environmental conditions on the behaviorof the probiotic bacteria Streptococcus salivarius K12. Growth and maintenance of S. salivarius K12 have been characterized in a complemented artificial saliva (CAS), designed for this study. In this medium, S. salivarius demonstrated highspecific growth rate and low lag time, but it did not produce active bacteriocins. However, the survival of S. salivarius K12 during stationary phase was affected during fermentation in CAS medium. This was mainly explained by a reduced synthesis of proteins involved in energy and glycogen metabolisms. Thus, despite an increased sensitivity in stationary phase, the "complemented artificial saliva" allowed the growth and maintenance of S. salivarius K12. The effects of several environmental oral factors on S. salivarius K12 were determined in complemented artificial saliva. Adding sucrose decreased cellular viability. Enzymes added to their physiological concentration also affected the bacteria. Lysozyme increased S. salivarius mortality by acting on cellular wall. Peroxidase enhanced viability, by reducing the redox potential. The key role of redox potential on S. salivarius K12 was confirmed by the negative impact of the injection of air containing 5% CO2, which increased redox potential. The amylase demonstrated both positive (biomass increase) and negative roles (reduced growth rate). Consequently, studies involving oral bacteria must integrate these environmental factors that affected the bacterial physiological state. Continuous cultures, taking into account the variations in salivary flow and the periodical supply of nutrients, and combining all environmental conditions previously identified, allowed simulating oral dynamic conditions. From our results, a good adaptation of S. salivarius K12 took place in these culture conditions. Cells were able maintaining a constant level of cultivability despite nutritional starvation and wash out. Some molecular mechanisms explaining this bacterial adaptation have been characterized: activation of alternative carbon sources pathways, energy storage, and increase of natural genetic competence. Finally, this work made it possible identifying some mechanisms used by Streptococcussalivarius K12 to adapt itself to the oral environment, through the establishment of in vitro methods for studying the behavior of oral bacteria
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Hake-Bobka, Laura [Verfasser], Jörg [Gutachter] Vögele, and Eugen [Gutachter] Ruckhäberle. "Das Stillverhalten von Bürgerinnen der Stadt Hamm in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts. Eine Oral History-Studie. / Laura Hake-Bobka ; Gutachter: Jörg Vögele, Eugen Ruckhäberle." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1184570264/34.
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Teles, Janaina de Almeida. "Memórias dos cárceres da ditadura: os testemunhos e as lutas dos presos políticos no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-31012017-140247/.
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O processo de reconstituição factual e de reflexão crítica acerca da ditadura civilmilitar de 1964 e de seu legado permanece incompleto e permeado por zonas de silêncio e interdições. Decorridos pouco mais de trinta anos da Lei de Anistia, muitos acontecimentos permanecem desconhecidos ao tempo em que se observa a existência de importantes lacunas nas articulações entre o passado e o presente e, mais especificamente, entre o legado da ditadura e a memória daqueles que a ela se opuseram ativamente. Visando contribuir para o entendimento desse passado, e de seu legado, esta pesquisa procurou caracterizar o protagonismo dos presos políticos na defesa de transformações sociais e na luta contra a ditadura e, ao mesmo tempo, oferecer um panorama reflexivo sobre a construção de suas memórias a respeito dessas lutas e da experiência-limite da tortura e da prisão. Para alcançar esses objetivos, a pesquisa pautou-se por um amplo registro das memórias desses protagonistas por meio da metodologia da História Oral de Vida um conjunto de 90 entrevistas com ex-presos políticos. O que permitiu a coleta de informações até aqui inéditas no que diz respeito à organização dos presos e à atuação dos órgãos repressivos. A execução e desenvolvimento dessa metodologia deram origem a reflexões teóricas que visaram interpretar o material coletado, contextualizando-o crítica e historicamente. Partiu-se, ainda, da premissa de que tais testemunhos, juntamente com os de advogados, familiares e militantes permitiriam aprofundar as pesquisas desenvolvidas sobre as lutas revolucionárias e de resistência; a clandestinidade; as formas institucionais da repressão política e as disputas políticas estabelecidas dentro e fora dos cárceres. Os depoimentos dos ex-presos permitiram, ainda, a análise de suas estratégias de sobrevivência e memória. Tais estratégias foram aqui discutidas à luz dos esforços empreendidos para a compreensão da maneira como eles próprios reorganizaram identidades, constituíram grupos de ação política e definiram maneiras de se relacionar com o legado das experiências-limite. Reconstruir as tramas dessa história, com o suporte do material coletado, apresenta novas possibilidades de interpretação desse período recente da história brasileira cuja atualidade permanece.The process of reconstituting the facts and of producing a critical analysis of the civilian-military dictatorship of 1964 and its legacy is incomplete and permeated by interdits and silence. After a little more than thirty years of the Amnesty Law, many events remain unknown, while important lacunae abide between the past and the present and, more specifically, between the legacy of the dictatorship and the memory of those who actively opposed it. Aiming to contribute to the understanding of this past and of its legacy, this study sought to describe the protagonism of political prisoners in the defense of social transformation and in the struggle against the dictatorship. At the same time, it aimed to offer a reflective view on the ways former prisoners have constructed their memories of these struggles and of the limit-experience of torture and prison. To achieve these objectives, the study made use of an extensive record of the memories of these protagonists. Using the methodology of Oral Life History, a set of 90 interviews with ex-political prisoners was conducted, allowing the collection of as yet unpublished information relating to the prisoners organization and the actions of the repressive agencies. The execution and development of this methodology gave rise to theoretical reflections which sought to interpret the material collected by contextualizing it critically and historically. The underlying premise was that these testimonies, together with those of lawyers, family members, and militants of the opposition, would allow us to deepen research on revolutionary struggles and resistance, on life in clandestinity, on the institutional forms of political repression, and on the political debates carried on inside and outside the prisons. The testimonies of the former prisoners also made possible an analysis of their strategies for survival and memory. These strategies were discussed here in an effort to understand the way that the ex-prisoners themselves reorganized identities, constructed political action groups, and defined ways of relating to the legacy of limit-experiences. The reconstruction of the frames of this history, based upon the material collected introduces new oportunities for interpretation of this recent period in Brazilian history, which has echoes in the present day.
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STREFEZZA, CLAUDIA. "Análise da resistência de união adesiva de retentores intrarradiculares metálicos e estéticos cimentados em condutor irradiado com laser de diodo de alta potência (830mm)." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10562.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Black, Elizabeth Leslie. "Older people in Scotland : family, work and retirement and the Welfare State from 1845 to 1999." Thesis, St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/561.
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Spotti, Carmem Véra Nunes. "Análise da personificação e dos elementos ambientais presentes nas narrativas orais da comunidade." Universidade Federal de Roraima, 2011. http://www.bdtd.ufrr.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=123.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorEste trabalho versa sobre a personificação e os elementos ambientais presentes nas narrativas orais indígenas. Foram trabalhadas quatro narrativas, além de outras contribuições feitas por membros da Comunidade Indígena Nova Esperança, localizada na Terra Indígena Alto São Marcos, Roraima. Para tanto, foi utilizada a metodologia da história oral para constituir as fontes, buscando para isso os moradores que conhecem as histórias e que, na Comunidade, se constituem como seus narradores legítimos e autorizados. Na abordagem das narrativas, utilizou-se a análise literária, em uma perspectiva estrutural e morfológica. Neste contexto, verificase que a personificação dos elementos ambientais nelas presentes está referenciada na cultura e na memória coletiva, por meio da explicitação de valores, de crenças, de ensinamentos e de preceitos, sendo elas mesmas a história da Comunidade. A abordagem da tradição oral deste grupo oferece uma compreensão mais ampliada das suas práticas culturais, podendo contribuir para a compreensão da cultura indígena e dos processos de afirmação da sua identidade.
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Silva, Malena Regina de Freitas e. "Epidemiological and clinicopathological assessment of potentially malignant lesions and oral cancer diagnosed in the family health strategy and specialty dental centers in two regions in the state of CearÃ." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8931.
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FundaÃÃo de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do CearÃBACKGROUND: Oral malignant and potentially malignant lesions (LPM) are commom in oral cavity and diagnosis network health structure is required to improve early diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: This research had evaluated primary and secondary health care integration in oral cancer diagnosis evaluating contact with risk factors and presence of LPM and Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in two different Cearà geographic regions. STUDY DESIGN: People served at two regions basic health unit (UBS) were examined. The coastal region was defined as Group 1, and the interior region as Group 2. Data collected: gender, age, tobacco and/or alcohol use, radiation and present lesions. When lesions were present patients were forwarded to dental centers (CEO) where diagnosis was made. RESULTS: 3.809 were examined, 285 lesions found, 43% in males and 57% in females. Risk factors analysis show: 31% smokers, 24% alcoholics, 53% exposed solar radiation, and 1% with sexually disease. Biopsies were performed in 76 lesions, with 7 OSCC (9,2%), 06 in Group 2 and 15 PMD (19,7%), 10 in Group 1. Most of OSCC (71,4%) occurred in females and 60% LPM in males. Lower lip was the most frequently localization with 57% of OSCC and 87% of LPM. Majority OSCC individuals (71,4%) and LPM individuals (86,6%) had solar exposition. CONCLUSION: Our data illustrate greater number of OSCC in Group 2, and LPM in Group 1, and warn that oral cancer diagnosis network structure need improve, and continuous prevention policy policy is necessary to access high risk population for OSCC
INTRODUÃÃO: LesÃes malignas e potencialmente malignas sÃo comuns na cavidade oral, sendo necessÃria a estruturaÃÃo de redes em saÃde para o estabelecimento do diagnÃstico precoce dessas alteraÃÃes. OBJETIVO: Neste trabalho foi avaliada a integraÃÃo entre AtenÃÃo PrimÃria e SecundÃria no diagnÃstico de cÃncer oral, observando-se o contato com fatores de risco e ocorrÃncia de LesÃes Potencialmente Malignas (LPM) e Carcinoma de CÃlulas Escamosas (CEC), em duas regiÃes geogrÃficas distintas do Estado do CearÃ. METODOLOGIA: IndivÃduos atendidos nas Unidades BÃsicas de SaÃde das duas regiÃes foram examinados. A regiÃo litorÃnea foi classificada como grupo 1, enquanto a regiÃo de sertÃo foi identificada como grupo 2. VariÃveis de sexo, idade, contato com fumo, Ãlcool, sol, DoenÃa Sexualmente TransmissÃvel (DST) e presenÃa/ausÃncia de lesÃo oral foram coletadas. Pacientes portadores de lesÃes foram encaminhados aos Centros de Especialidades OdontolÃgicas (CEO), para estabelecimento de diagnÃstico. RESULTADOS: Foram examinadas 3.809 pessoas, nas quais foram encontradas 285 alteraÃÃes orais, sendo 43% destas observadas em homens e 57% no sexo feminino. Quanto aos fatores de risco, 53%, 31%, 24% e 1% de indivÃduos expostos à radiaÃÃo, fumantes, etilistas e portadores de DST foram observados respectivamente. Foram biopsiadas 76 lesÃes, sendo 07 CEC (9,2%), com 06 tumores diagnosticados no grupo 2 e 15 LPM (19,7%), sendo 10 dessas lesÃes encontradas no grupo 1. O sexo feminino foi identificado em 71,4% dos CEC e 60% LPM foram observadas em homens. O lÃbio inferior foi a localizaÃÃo mais frequente de CEC (57%) e de LPM (87%). Quanto aos fatores de risco, a exposiÃÃo solar esteve presente em 71,4% dos CEC e 86,6% das LPM. CONCLUSÃO: Os dados desta pesquisa apontaram um maior acometimento de Carcinomas no grupo 2, enquanto as LPM foram mais frequentes no grupo 1, sendo necessÃria a implementaÃÃo de redes de diagnÃstico em cÃncer oral, bem como uma polÃtica de prevenÃÃo permanente frente Ãs populaÃÃes vulnerÃveis a estas neoplasias.