Academic literature on the topic 'Stage realism'
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Journal articles on the topic "Stage realism"
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Anan, Nobuko. "Theatrical realism in manga: Performativity of gender in Minako Narita's Alien Street." Journal of Adaptation in Film & Performance 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jafp_00002_1.
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Abstract This article examines different conceptions of realism in theatre and manga by focusing on gender performance in Minako Narita's manga, Alien Street (1980‐84). It depicts a male actor who plays female roles in realist theatre productions. I argue that the believability of this gender performance stems in part from the conventions of manga realism, where non-realistic signs are used to mark gender distinctions. However, in contrast to these conventions, this manga also highlights the performative nature of gender by revealing how a realist stage forces the performers to cite and repeat the conventional gendered practices. In doing so, Alien Street mixes manga and theatre realism and complicates our understanding of gender conventions.
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Stepanian, Karen. "Realism As the Concluding Stage of Postmodernism." Russian Studies in Literature 30, no. 2 (April 1994): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rsl1061-1975300258.
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Romantsova, Inga. "Stanislavski versus Evreinov: on stage realism and theatricality." Stanislavski Studies 8, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20567790.2020.1733221.
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Bottrell, Connor, Maan H. Hani, Hossen Teimoorinia, Sara L. Ellison, Jorge Moreno, Paul Torrey, Christopher C. Hayward, Mallory Thorp, Luc Simard, and Lars Hernquist. "Deep learning predictions of galaxy merger stage and the importance of observational realism." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 490, no. 4 (October 18, 2019): 5390–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2934.
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ABSTRACT Machine learning is becoming a popular tool to quantify galaxy morphologies and identify mergers. However, this technique relies on using an appropriate set of training data to be successful. By combining hydrodynamical simulations, synthetic observations, and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), we quantitatively assess how realistic simulated galaxy images must be in order to reliably classify mergers. Specifically, we compare the performance of CNNs trained with two types of galaxy images, stellar maps and dust-inclusive radiatively transferred images, each with three levels of observational realism: (1) no observational effects (idealized images), (2) realistic sky and point spread function (semirealistic images), and (3) insertion into a real sky image (fully realistic images). We find that networks trained on either idealized or semireal images have poor performance when applied to survey-realistic images. In contrast, networks trained on fully realistic images achieve 87.1 per cent classification performance. Importantly, the level of realism in the training images is much more important than whether the images included radiative transfer, or simply used the stellar maps ($87.1{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ compared to $79.6{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ accuracy, respectively). Therefore, one can avoid the large computational and storage cost of running radiative transfer with a relatively modest compromise in classification performance. Making photometry-based networks insensitive to colour incurs a very mild penalty to performance with survey-realistic data ($86.0{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ with r-only compared to $87.1{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ with gri). This result demonstrates that while colour can be exploited by colour-sensitive networks, it is not necessary to achieve high accuracy and so can be avoided if desired. We provide the public release of our statistical observational realism suite, RealSim, as a companion to this paper.
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Birdwell, Robert Z. "The Coherence of Mary Barton: Romance, Realism, and Utopia." Victoriographies 5, no. 3 (November 2015): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/vic.2015.0194.
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Critics have argued that Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton (1848), is split by a conflict between the modes of realism and romance. But the conflict does not render the novel incoherent, because Gaskell surpasses both modes through a utopian narrative that breaks with the conflict of form and gives coherence to the whole novel. Gaskell not only depicts what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘Condition of England’ in her work but also develops, through three stages, the utopia that will redeem this condition. The first stage is romantic nostalgia, a backward glance at Eden from the countryside surrounding Manchester. The second stage occurs in Manchester, as Gaskell mixes romance with a realistic mode, tracing a utopian drive toward death. The third stage is the utopian break with romantic and realistic accounts of the Condition of England and with the inadequate preceding conceptions of utopia. This third stage transforms narrative modes and figures a new mode of production.
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Beasley, David. "McKee Rankin: The Actor as Playwright." Theatre Research in Canada 10, no. 2 (January 1989): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/tric.10.2.115.
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McKee Rankin (1844-1914), from Windsor, Ontario, became one of the greatest actors on the American stage for a half-century. He also earned a reputation as the best stage manager and the best teacher of acting. This article deals with his talent as a playwright within the context of the important plays of his day. His The Danites brought a new realism to the stage, and his Abraham Lincoln introduced historical realism as drama.
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Senelick, Laurence, and Nick Worrall. "Modernism to Realism on the Soviet Stage: Tairov-Vakhtangov-Okhlopkov." Russian Review 49, no. 3 (July 1990): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/130165.
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Hoover, Marjorie L., and Nick Worrall. "Modernism to Realism on the Soviet Stage: Tairov, Vakhtangov, Okhlopkov." World Literature Today 64, no. 2 (1990): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40146528.
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Marsh, Cynthia, and Nick Worrall. "Modernism to Realism on the Soviet Stage: Tairov, Vakhtangov, Okhlopkov." Modern Language Review 86, no. 3 (July 1991): 815. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3731147.
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Hoover, Marjorie L., and Nick Worrall. "Modernism to Realism on the Soviet Stage: Tairov, Vakhtangov, Okhlopkov." Slavic and East European Journal 34, no. 1 (1990): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/309325.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Stage realism"
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Mellas, Michael John. "Constructing multiple realities on stage conceiving a magical realist production of José Rivera's Cloud tectonics /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1218129542.
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Haldey, Olga. "Savva mamontov and the Moscow private opera : from realism to modernism on the Russian operatic stage /." The Ohio State University, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486457871783319.
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Mellas, Michael John. "Constructing Multiple Realities on Stage: Conceiving a Magical Realist Production of Jose Rivera's Cloud Tectonics." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1218129542.
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Kent, Samuel. "On Revolution and Realism: A Structural Realist Theory of Revolution." Thesis, Boston College, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2993.
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Thesis advisor: Paul ChristensenRevolutions have been a neglected subject in Structural Realism. Nevertheless, they have profound impacts in the International System, ranging from immediate state-unit behavior deviation to long-term altering of the balance of power. Revolutions can be explained within the Structural Realist paradigm as a structural contradiction between state and society that depresses state capabilities, allowing it to succumb to intra-territorial competition. Accordingly, revolution can be considered a mechanism for reconstituting state-unit power
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2013
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Political Science Honors Program
Discipline: Political Science
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Larkins, Jeremy. "The idea of the territorial state : discourses of political space in Renaissance Italy." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1999. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2617/.
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This thesis, presented as a theoretical contribution to the discipline of International Relations, describes the intellectual origins of the idea of the territorial state. The idea of the territorial state has a privileged place in International Relations for it is an integral element of Realism, the discipline's dominant intellectual tradition. Realism assumes that the primary actors in the modern international system are states, as identified by their exercise of sovereignty over a delimited space or territory. In Realist history, the territorial state and the modern territorial international order emerged together, twin products of seventeenth century political theory and practice, as signified by political settlement of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. This thesis challenges the Realist narrative of the idea of the territorial state on two counts: methodologically and historically. First, it rejects the view that it is possible to account for the idea of the territorial state exclusively in terms of political practice and knowledge. It argues that the Realist idea of the territorial state needs to be understood as one expression of a much broader and more complex matrix of narratives - social, political, philosophical and cultural - about man's capacity to know, represent and order the spaces of modernity. Second, the thesis rejects the Realist history that dates the emergence of the territorial state to the seventeenth century. An alternative chronology is put forward that dates the origins of the idea of the territorial state to fifteenth and sixteenth century Renaissance Italy. The thesis argues that the first signs of the idea of the territorial state can be identified in various Renaissance spatial discourses: political, cosmological, artistic and cartographic. These spatial discourses and the practices they led to established the templates for thinking about and representing space in modernity, including those underlying the articulation of the idea of the modern territorial state.
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Smith, Mark J. "Metatheories of the state." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363379.
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Metatheories of the State is a contribution to reinterpreting contemporary state theory through an account of three leading approaches in recent political theory. Metatheorising, as a form of critical analysis and exegesis, is portrayed as a sensitive exploratory technique which serves as a means of situating social and political theories in terms of their historical and social context as well as in terms of their epistemological and ontological assumptions. This thesis focuses upon three distinctive approaches in the field of state theory through an examination and theoretical reconstruction of key positions in Neo-Pluralism, Neo-Liberalism and Neo-Marxism. Each of the approaches considered is situated and assessed in terms of their epistemological and ontological frame of reference (their position in relationship to approaches within the philosophy of social science), as well as in terms of their contribution to the theorisation of the relationship between the state and society. This thesis addresses the tendency of state theorists to treat the state as the 'horizon' for the constitution of the social order rather than as an object in its own right with its own imperatives, structure and rationale. In each case, the substantive focus of analysis (polyarchic civility for Dahl, catallactic relations for Hayek and processes of societalisation for Jessop) is identified in relation to the state as a boundary or as a set of parameters which limit the operation of, and provide the conditions of possibility of social relations. Finally, this investigation highlights their distinctive models of causality within different accounts of knowledge construction in order to demonstrate the way in which realism is understood in relation to empiricism and idealism in social scientific practice.
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Edy, Delphine. "Le réalisme et son double au théâtre. Thomas Ostermeier, mise en scène et recréation." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL150.
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Les mises en scène récentes de T. Ostermeier explorent les liens entre littérature et art théâtral pour questionner, à l’aide d’un réalisme complexe qu’il réinvente, ce que les œuvres ont à dire de la réalité politique et sociale de notre présent. Il privilégie toujours pour cela des espaces entre qui permettent de briser la rigidité d’un respect littéral étouffant et de faire dialoguer le passé et le présent, l’actuel et le virtuel, le proche et le lointain. A la surface visible, son réalisme articule la profondeur invisible qui dédouble le réel en explorant sa spectralité à travers les personnages eux-mêmes, leur mémoire, leurs fantômes ; leur langue qui, entre traduction et retravail, crie le non-dit, le refoulé, l’absence ; l’espace des lieux-seuils, des (non)-lieux et des passages, des images du hors-scène, trop présent, ou de l’intime, insaisissable ; et même la musique dont les échos démultiplient les réseaux de sens. C’est dans la hantise de ces doubles que T. Ostermeier cherche à reconstruire un sens qui ne fasse pas abstraction des fêlures ni des fractures. Son travail doit être analysé comme une œuvre autonome qui convoque l’œuvre littéraire support pour la faire parler à nouveau, lui faire dire à nos oreilles d’aujourd’hui la douleur intemporelle du réel et l’espoir politique de reconstruire ce présent. La « déterritorialisation » constante du théâtre de T. Ostermeier, assumée, donne corps aux spectres qui sont l’autre nom de notre réalité pour que nous, spectateurs, puissions, finalement, nous en saisir. Refusant un théâtre et une littérature qui ne font qu’interpréter le monde, il s’agit pour T. Ostermeier de faire dialoguer l’un et l’autre pour le transformerIn his recent productions, T. Ostermeier investigates the links between literature and drama with complex, renewed realism to question what insights the works of the past can give us into today’s political and social reality. He always favours the in-betweens which enable him to break through the stifling inflexibility of literal interpretation and initiates a dialogue between the past and the present, the actual and the virtual, what is close at hand and what is distant. His realism connects the visible surface of reality to its invisible depth – its double. He delves into this spectrality by focusing on the characters’ memory, their ghosts; on their language, hanging between translation and reworking, as their unsaid, repressed words speak loud; on space viewed as space between – thresholds, somewhere/nowhere, passages, pictures of all too present off-stage scenes or of elusive intimacy; on music too, echoing meaning in multiple layers. These ghost-like doubles are T. Ostermeier’s material to rebuild a meaningful present without ignoring its cracks and fault lines. His productions should be analysed as an autonomous oeuvre which calls on literary works to make sense afresh, to voice the painful, timeless experience of the real and the political hope to rebuild the present. His constantly ‘deterritorialising’ theatre substantiates our ghosts – the flipside of our reality – so that we, spectators, may finally get a grasp on them. T. Ostermeier will not confine theatre and literature to merely interpreting the world, he wants them to dialogue in order to transform it
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Kostagiannis, Konstantinos. "Realist conceptualisations of power and the nation-state." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/15859.
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This thesis is a project of intellectual history which focuses on the development of notions of power and the nation-state in realist thought. The main aim of the thesis is to offer a comprehensive account of how different conceptions of power in the work of various realist thinkers influence their perceptions of the nation-state. Although both power and the state are considered as central to realism, their connection has not been adequately discussed and remains largely implicit. The thesis aims at illuminating such a connection. The authors under examination are both key realist thinkers and representative of the diversity of realist thought as well as of the development from classical to structural realism. As such, the thesis focuses on the works of E.H. Carr, H. Morgenthau (as classical realists), J. Herz (as a transitional figure) and J. Mearsheimer (as a structural realist). The thesis engages with each realist’s theory in a three-step process. First, it analyses their conceptualisation of power and the role it plays in their ontological and epistemological assumptions. Then, using that conceptualisation of power as a starting point, it discusses its impact on the way the realist under examination understood the nation-state. Finally, the way the aforementioned realists engaged with the foreign policies of given nation-states is employed as an illustration of their theoretical framework. The thesis identifies a close interplay between power and the nation-state in all realists examined. Power plays a central role in each realist’s ontology and as such influences profoundly the way they conceptualised the nation-state. The latter can thus be approached as a manifestation of power which is unfixed in time. The realists examined approach the state as a historically conditioned entity. As such, it is argued that it is power that constitutes the core analytical category of realism rather than the state whose very conception is dependent upon that of power. In terms of the development of realism, a process of gradual narrowing down of the concept of power from classical to structural approaches is observed. The multifaceted conception of power advanced by early realists is abandoned in favour of an approach which understands power as material capabilities. While this approach is compatible with a scientific vision of politics as manifested after the second debate it reduces significantly realism’s analytical purchase both in understanding power and the nation-state. This is evident in the precarious balance that neorealists have to attain when theorising nationalism, the ideological corollary of the nation-state, which can more fully be accounted for by classical realists. Finally, by removing power from the field of epistemology, structural variants of realism lack the reflexivity of earlier realists and as such find it difficult to engage in foreign policy debates without compromising the core assumptions of their theory. The thesis is structured as follows: In the introduction, the thesis is put in the context of existing literature on realism and the way questions of power and the nation-state have been addressed in the past. Questions of methodology and selection of authors are also addressed in the introduction. The following four chapters are dedicated to analysing the theories of the selected realists. The concluding section summarises the findings and main argument of the thesis.
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Dumontet, Mathilde. "La refiguration de l’humain sur scène : Roger Blin ou l’art de l’entre-deux : étude des mises en scène par Roger Blin des pièces de Samuel Beckett et de Jean Genet (1953-1968)." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20006/document.
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Cette thèse de doctorat est issue d’un étonnement ressenti à la lecture de la réception critique des créations scéniques de Roger Blin quand il monte les pièces de Samuel Beckett et de Jean Genet. Malgré des interrogations sur la présence en scène d’êtres artificiels vidés de toute substance ainsi que sur un certain comique, la critique perçoit le jeu des acteurs comme naturel. Elle évoque à ce propos la création d’un « nouveau réalisme » ou d’un « nouveau théâtre », expressions qui supposent d’abord un renouveau dans la manière de figurer l’humain sur scène.Roger Blin, profondément marqué par les surréalistes et Antonin Artaud, cherche en effet à défendre un théâtre poétique et militant qui, tout en s’attaquant à la bourgeoisie et à ses codes de représentations, propose un être scénique hybride au croisement de diverses formes spectaculaires (marionnette, clown, cabaret, formes extrême-orientales, etc.). En cela, ses rencontres successives avec Beckett puis Genet, dont les pièces altèrent le personnage traditionnel et interrogent formellement la scène, lui permettent d’engager des compagnonnages fructueux. Dans la lignée du Cartel, il cherche en effet à révéler les mouvements profonds de l’oeuvre. Depuis la mise en scène invisible avec Beckett, jusqu’à la mise en scène visible avec Genet, Blin semble réclamer de la part de ses comédiens un jeu en équilibre entre monstration du faire théâtral et recherche de l’évidence littérale du geste et de la parole, ceci afin d’exposer la survivance d’une certaine tendresse humaine. Il semble en résulter un effet poétique puissant qui fait écho aux angoisses intimes des spectateurs, bouleversés par un contexte historique fort : les conséquences de la découverte des camps de concentration, de l’utilisation de la bombe atomique, et de la décolonisationThis PhD thesis originates from the surprise felt while reading critical receptions of Roger Blin’s stage creations of plays written by Samuel Beckett and Jean Genet. Though reflecting upon the presence on stage of artificial beings bereft of any substance and upon an established comic tone, the critics perceive the performance of the actors as natural. They point out the establishment of some “new realism” or “new theatre”, words that speculate in the first place a renewal in the way the human is figured on stage.Roger Blin, who had been deeply influenced by surrealists and Antonin Artaud, indeed stands up for a committed and poetic theatre that, all the while tackling the bourgeoisie and its codes, introduces on stage a hybrid creature that crosses various performance arts (puppet theatre, the clown, cabaret, far-eastern forms, etc.). In this respect, Blin’s repeated meetings with Beckett and Genet, whose plays distort classic characters and formally interrogate the stage, enable him to commit into fruitful companionships. In line with the Cartel, Blin tries to reveal the very essence of the oeuvre. From his invisible staging of Beckett’s plays to his visible staging of Genet’s plays, Blin seems to demand from his actors a balanced performance in between theatrical demonstration and a quest for the precise combination of gesture and words, in order to expose the persistence of some human kindness. This may trigger a powerful poetic effect that echoes the private anguishes of the members of the audience, facing a hard historical context: the consequences of discovering the concentration camps, of the use of the atomic bomb, and of the decolonisation process
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Spash, Clive L. "Policy analysis: Empiricism, social construction and realism." Österreichische Gesellschaft für Politikwissenschaft (ÖGPW), 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5783/1/Spash_2014_OZP_Policy%2Danalysis.pdf.
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In a recent article Ulrich Brand has discussed how best to perform policy analysis. I reflect upon the paper as an interdisciplinary researcher experienced in public policy problems and their analysis with a particular interest in the relationship between social, economic and environmental problems. At the centre of the paper is the contrast between two existing methodologies prevalent in political science and related disciplines. One is the rationalist approach, which takes on the character of a natural science, that believes in a fully knowable objective reality which can be observed by an independent investigator. The other is a strong social constructivist position called interpretative policy analysis (IPA), where knowledge and meaning become so intertwined as to make independence of the observer from the observed impossible and all knowledge highly subjective. Brand then offers his model as a way forward, but one that he closely associates with the latter. My contention is that policy analysis, and any way forward, needs to provide more of a transformative combination of elements from both approaches. Indeed I believe this is actually what Brand is doing.
Books on the topic "Stage realism"
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Modernism to realism on the Soviet stage: Tairov-Vakhtangov-Okhlopkov. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
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Martin, Carol. Dramaturgy of the real on the world stage. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
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Dramaturgy of the real on the world stage. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
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1961-, Haider Friedrich, ed. Ernst Fuchs: Zeichnungen und Graphik aus der frühen Schaffensperiode mit Hinweisen auf die Malerei 1942-1959. Wien: Löcker, 2003.
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Waltz, Kenneth Neal. Realism and international politics. New York, NY: Routledge, 2008.
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Waltz, Kenneth Neal. Realism and international politics. New York: Routledge, 2008.
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M, Ripsman Norrin, and Taliaferro Jeffrey W, eds. Neoclassical realism, the state, and foreign policy. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
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Lobell, Steven E., Norrin M. Ripsman, and Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, eds. Neoclassical Realism, the State, and Foreign Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511811869.
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Fund, Rees Jeffreys Road, ed. The long march from realism to reality. London: Landor, 2000.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Stage realism"
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Mobley, Jennifer-Scott. "Conclusion: Rethinking Realism." In Female Bodies on the American Stage, 175–86. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137428943_12.
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Mason, David V. "Acting in the Râs Lila and Real Realism." In Theatre and Religion on Krishna’s Stage, 83–113. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230621589_5.
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Mandik, Pete. "Conscious-State Anti-realism." In Content and Consciousness Revisited, 185–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17374-0_10.
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Agsous, Sadia. "The Making Stage of the Modern Palestinian Arabic Novel in the Experiences of the udabāʾ Khalīl Baydas (1874–1949) and Iskandar al-Khūri al-BeitJāli (1890–1973)." In European Cultural Diplomacy and Arab Christians in Palestine, 1918–1948, 63–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55540-5_4.
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AbstractIn 1946, the first Palestinian book fair took place at the Arab Orthodox Union Club in Jerusalem. What lay behind this event was a process that paralleled the political life revolving around the formation of local nationalism, a complex process of cultural and literary development within the Arab Nahda (‘Awakening’ or Renaissance) movement in which the Palestinians left their imprint through the press, literature, translation and other cultural fields. This chapter discusses the cultural environment of Khalīl Baydas and Iskandar al-Khūrī al-BeitJālī who initiated the modern Palestinian Arabic novel, both publishing in 1920. It addresses the Palestinian Nahda and the Russian educational enterprise as the formative context of these two authors and propose that Khalīl Baydas should be recognised as the architect of Palestinian literary realism.
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Polyakov, Andrey. "The Theory of State and Law by Nikolay Korkunov." In Russian Legal Realism, 67–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98821-4_3.
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Linklater, Andrew. "Class and State in International Relations." In Beyond Realism and Marxism, 140–64. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230374546_8.
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Dunham, Richard. "Virtual Lighting (Renderings, Virtual Reality, Gaming, etc.)." In Stage Lighting, 324–49. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315562575-10.
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Strange, Susan. "Territory, State, Authority and Economy: a new realist ontology of global political economy." In The New Realism, 3–19. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25303-6_1.
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Loiselle, André, and Jeremy Maron. "Introduction." In Stages of Reality, 1–10. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/9781442696280-001.
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Seven, Gülşen. "Michael Oakeshott’s Political Realism." In Michael Oakeshott on Authority, Governance, and the State, 151–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17455-2_8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Stage realism"
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Babin, Cedric, Michel Dumas, Xavier Ottavy, and Fabrizio Fontaneto. "Numerical Characterization of a HP Compressor Stage Equipped With a Closed Shrouded Stator Cavity." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14908.
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Abstract In axial compressors, shrouded stator cavity flows are responsible for performance degradation due to their interaction with the power stream. The present paper aims at exploring the possibility of employing a single stage high pressure axial compressor as a test vehicle for cavity flows investigations. In a first step, the robustness of the adopted RANS approach is tested against experimental data on the closed-cavity baseline configuration (i.e. no downstream-to-upstream recirculation). In a second phase, the effect of different hub cavities layouts of different levels of realism is numerically investigated. The focus is set on the representativeness of a closed cavity configuration with injection. The cavity flow topology and impact on the overall performance are considered in the analysis. At its final extent, this paper provides numerical and experimental guidelines for the robust assessment of cavity flows topology and performance effects.
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Hall, Edward J. "Aerodynamic Modeling of Multistage Compressor Flowfields: Part 2 — Modeling Deterministic Stresses." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-345.
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The primary purpose of this study was to investigate improved numerical techniques for predicting flows through multistage compressors. The vehicle chosen for this study was the Pennsylvania State University Research Compressor (PSRC). The PSRC facility consists of a 3-1/2 stage axial flow compressor which shares design features which are consistent with embedded stages of modern gas turbine engine axial flow compressors. In Part 2 of this two part paper, time-dependent predictions of rotor/stator/rotor aerodynamic interactions were employed to quantify the levels and distribution of deterministic stresses resulting from the average-passage flowfield description. Details of the spanwise and blade-to-blade distributions of the velocity correlations are examined and compared with results based on physical deterministic flow structures such as blade wakes and clearance flows. The predicted “apparent” wake profile decay resulting from the interaction of the wake through a downstream blade row is presented and compared with test data. This “apparent” wake profile decay is employed to define a simplified model for deterministic stress correlations in a steady state flowfield prediction scheme which retains the “mixing plane” methodology. Calculations based on this proposed model are described and predicted results are compared with both time-dependent predictions and test data. The resulting prediction strategy is both computational efficient and contains sufficient physical realism to permit its use in design studies.
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Mennicke, Sebastian, Richard W. Longman, Meng-Sang Chew, and Hans Georg Bock. "High Speed Automotive Cam Design Using Direct Multiple-Shooting Optimal Control Techniques." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57415.
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Prior investigations have presented the use of optimal control theory in the design of high-speed cam follower systems. These investigations were constrained by the difficulty of numerical solutions of optimal control problems, and this limited the types of criteria investigated, the state inequality constraints considered, and the realism of the models used. In recent years numerical solution techniques based on direct multiple shooting and using specially structured sequential quadratic programming have become available. These are capable of handling complex optimization criteria and imposing state and control in-equality constraints. This paper investigates and illustrates the potential of such methods in revolutionizing high speed automotive cam design. Cam design is complicated by the number of partially competing criteria one is interested in. This work synthesizes an optimal cam design approach, considering a range of speeds, the area under the lift curve, Hertzian contact stress, vibrations and residual vibrations, energy loss, cam curvature, follower force, and contact stress. The paper illustrates how all of these criteria can be integrated into the optimization in the design stage. Since the polydyne method is not an optimization procedure, the resulting design is superior to polydyne design in all aspects considered.
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Lide, Charles, and Stefan Glista. "An Avionics Integrity Program Approach to Preventing Aircraft Electronics Humidity and Moisture Problems." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-10532.
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Analysis of the causes of airborne electronics field failures indicates that humidity, moisture, and corrosion are significant contributors to the total field failure population. In spite of this fact, analysis methods, test methods and standard procedures to address these problems are less mature than those for other electronics failure mechanisms such as low and high cycle fatigue. An Avionics Integrity Program (AVIP) approach to address humidity and moisture issues is outlined. Programmatic and technical issues associated with achieving humidity and moisture resistance are discussed. The paper focuses on the steps to be taken at each stage of the development and verification process to reduce the probability of moisture related problems escaping to later stages of development and verification. Design and development process improvements are discussed along with areas of need for improved methods. Sources of moisture including the influence of cooling interface temperatures are presented along with mitigations to moisture sources. Examples of moisture-related failures are discussed along with corrective actions to the electronic equipment. Design criteria to prevent moisture-related failures and achieve a moisture-resistant design are presented. Limitations of humidity test methods are covered along with suggested improvements to increase realism of testing to match the severe environmental and operating conditions. Finally, field life management moisture screening is proposed.
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Alexander, Spencer R., and Peter E. Hamlington. "Study of Turbulence Statistics in Large-Eddy Simulations of Ocean Current Turbine Environments." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-24527.
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As ocean current turbines move from the design stage into production and installation, a better understanding of oceanic turbulent flows and localized loading is required by researchers and members of industry. Consideration of realistic ocean turbulence environments, in particular, is essential for obtaining accurate and reliable predictions of ocean turbine lifetime and performance. In this study, large eddy simulations (LES) are used to model the turbulent boundary layer in which an ocean current turbine operates. The LES model captures current driving due to winds, waves, and tides, thereby providing a high degree of physical realism. Inflow and boundary conditions are designed to represent conditions during an observational campaign at Admiralty Head in Puget Sound, and comparisons are made between the LES results and available observational measurements. Further statistical measures of the LES flow fields are outlined, including vertical profiles of Reynolds stresses, turbine loading, and two point correlations. The ability of the synthetic turbulence generator TurbSim to reproduce realistic ocean turbulence is qualitatively assessed through comparisons with LES results. Finally, preliminary simulation results are presented for an ocean current turbine represented by an actuator disk.
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Straw, Matt, Ravindra Aglave, and Rodolfo Piccioli. "Integrated Approach to Multiphase Flow Regime Prediction Through Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31096-ms.
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Abstract This paper presents recent advances in multiphase modelling methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). It uses case studies to show how integration of advanced multiphase modelling approaches can improve the fidelity and realism of simulation of separation and process systems; helping improve design and performance. CFD has been widely used to aid the design and operational performance of many separation and multiphase production and process systems; often providing significant insight and performance improvement. Traditionally, numerous compromises or simplifications must be made when simulating complex multiphase flows and their transitions within production and separation systems using CFD. For example, the modelling methods applicable to capture gas-liquid or liquid-liquid interface behaviour are not suitable (or practical) to also capture gas columns, liquid films or liquid entrainment phenomena, that may be important to quantifying overall system performance. To accommodate different multiphase phenomena and flow regimes, multiple CFD simulations or approaches have often been required. This can limit the insight or fidelity of a given simulation or, in some cases, mean overall performance cannot be fully quantified (even though useful performance indicators may still be identified). Here, the authors present advances in hybrid multiphase modelling and how integration of multiphase modelling approaches enables multiple multiphase flow regimes and their transition to be captured through CFD simulation. The paper will demonstrate how these advances enables simulation of more complex behaviours with increased fidelity. Examples, case studies and validation cases are presented demonstrating phenomena including bulk liquid interface break-up, liquid film formation and entrainment of droplets plus their break—up and deposition. The examples will be presented in the context of the improvements possible in simulation fidelity and realism, of multiphase systems, and how this can impact the insight and value gained from CFD simulation in this complex field. The work presented shows how new developments and evolution of CFD-based predictions can advance how the industry uses this approach and the value that can be obtained. It highlights how integration of the most advanced modelling approaches and methods is key to the next stage of application of CFD to enable better representation of the full range of fluid mechanics that are critical to many separation and multiphase system designs and performance.
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Fang, Jiwen, Zhili Long, and Lufan Zhang. "Macro-Micro Dual-Drive Stages Based on Dual Switching Condition and Local Closed Loop." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53267.
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This paper presents macro-micro dual-drive stages using the hybrid actuators composed of voice coil motor (VCM) and piezoelectric actuator (PZT actuator). The macro stage driven by voice coil motor can achieve large travel range and coarse positioning. The micro stage with an embedded flexure hinges mechanism, actuated by the PZT actuator, can realize short range but high precision positioning. To gain precise performance, the dynamic modes of macro stage and micro stage are equivalent to mass-damping-spring system in this research. According to theoretical analysis, the output displacement of micro stage is proportional to the extension of the PZT Actuator. The linear relationship will be used to the motion control of micro stage. To realize perfect performance, the variable gain PID controller is designed to control the macro stage. In order to prevent saturation and damage of PZT actuator, dual switching control, positioning error threshold and small vibration displacement, are applied to the switching control. Beyond the micro stage range, the micro stage must be kept in its equilibrium position while the VCM instead reaches a long travel. The PZT actuator controller is used to compensate for position error after switching control. When the error is less than a set thres hold value, the error signal is added into the micro control loop. So the macro-micro dual-drive stages are working together to reduce the positioning error. The relationship between PZT actuator of closed loop and input voltage is linear by theoretical analysis and experiment test. So the micro stage uses an open servo loop structure, but the PZT actuator is controlled with PI controller in local closed loop in order to eliminate the nonlinear of PZT. The experimental system used in this study is single-axis dual-driving stages. Turbo PMAC PCI-Lite is the core of the whole system and executes PLC programs with motion programs. Experiments show that the steady state error of dual-drive stage is nano level. The steady state error of dual-drive stage can be improved. So dual-drive stages can increase the positioning accuracy of the whole system and the performance is superior to the single VCM stage.
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Kota, Srinivas, Daniel Brissaud, and Peggy Zwolinski. "Requirements for Design and Environmental Assessment of Products." In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82624.
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Companies can have competitive advantage if their products are developed with the help of users and their practice in mind. Product development needs to include user views in the design [1] as the changes to product proposals in design stage needs less effort and time and has major influence on later stages. User-centered design methods have been proposed and implemented. Virtual reality technology has been developed to support these design methods. Advances in virtual reality technologies help realize virtually not only the products but the environment in which they can be used and the actors who use them. This research aims at investigating the eco-design methods and the technology supporting them. A huge challenge in eco-design is to make clear the environmental potential of products for both the engineer and the user. The paper deals with the use of virtual reality technology to see how it can help both designer and user in design and assessment of product and its use to reduce environmental impact. Different studies are reported in literature [2], [3], and [4] but do not address the environmental properties. The paper reviews the literature to propose the requirements of a user-centered eco-design method and investigates the potential benefits of the holographic technology for this purpose.
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Qun, Wang, Yang Haibin, Zhou Ji, and Yu Jun. "QUINT: A Problem-Solving Strategy for Mechanical System Conceptual Design: Part II — Analysis, Evaluation, and Example." In ASME 1990 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1990-0042.
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Abstract In part I, the characteristics of mechanical system conceptual design, the main idea of of QUINT and how to realize the first-stage, second-stage and third-stage reasoning were discussed. The part II will continue to study the last two stages of QUINT strategy, and give an example.
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Husinsky, Matthias, and Franziska Bruckner. "Virtual Stage: Interactive Puppeteering in Mixed Reality." In 2018 IEEE 1st Workshop on Animation in Virtual and Augmented Environments (ANIVAE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/anivae.2018.8587270.
Full textReports on the topic "Stage realism"
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Bame, David J. The Exit Strategy Myth and The End State Reality. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada402118.
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Terzyan, Aram. Post-Soviet State - Building in Kyrgyzstan: Behind and Beyond the Revolutions. Eurasia Institutes, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47669/caps-1-2021.
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This paper explores post-Soviet state-building in Kyrgyzstan, with a focus on the root causes of the three revolutions faced by the country. It suggests that the revolutions have not produced significant results in terms of fundamental economic and political reforms. Rather, Kyrgyzstan has turned into the Central Asian “island of instability”. The situation is compounded by deep- rooted inter-ethnic tensions, the prevalence of traditional informal institutions and weakness of democratic institutions, as well as country’s heavy reliance on international donors. The presidential elections and constitutional referendum of 2021 have provided grounds for cautious optimism. A question remains of whether and to what extent Sadyr Japarov’s ambitious agenda will translate into reality, thus leading the country to prosperity and stability.
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Kamminga, Jorrit, Lotje Boswinkel, and Tamara Göth. Because She Matters: Ensuring women’s meaningful participation in peacebuilding in Afghanistan. Oxfam, Cordaid, Inclusive Peace, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6430.
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While intra-Afghan talks have started, sustainable peace is still a distant reality in Afghanistan. Ongoing peace efforts ignore women’s meaningful participation: women are included in only one in every five meetings. Evidence shows that when women have a meaningful role in peace negotiations, peace is more sustainable. Afghan and international actors must stress the importance of including women in all stages of formal and informal talks at national and local levels. This research paper uses the seven modalities of the Broadening Participation framework to identify practical ways to include Afghan women meaningfully and pave the way for inclusive peacebuilding.
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Chervinchuk, Alina. THE CONCEPT OF ENEMY: REPRESENTATION IN THE UKRAINIAN MILITARY DOCUMENTARIES. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11063.
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Research methodology. The following methods were used in this research: general scientific methods (descriptive, analysis, synthesis, comparison) and special (structural, hermeneutic, narrative, method of content analysis). We identified words related to the concept of the enemy and determined the context in which they are used by the authors of the collections Results. The formats of reflection of military reality in collections of military documentaries are investigated. It is emphasized that the authors-observers of events as professional communicators form a vision of events based on categories understandable to the audience – «own» and «others». Instead, the authors-participants go events have more creative space and pay more attention to their own emotional state and reflections. It is defined how the enemy is depicted and what place he occupies in the military reality represented by the authors. It is emphasized that the authors reflect the enemy in different ways. In particular, the authors-observers of the events tried to form a comprehensive vision of the events, and therefore paid much attention to the opposite side of the military conflict. Authors-participants of the events tend to show the enemy as a mass to be opposed. In such collections, the enemy is specified only in the presence of evidence confirming the presence of Russians or militants. Novelty. The research for the first time investigates the methods of representation of military activity in the collections of Ukrainian military documentaries. The article is devoted to the analysis of how the authors represent the enemy. Practical importance. The analysis of collections of military documentaries will allow to study the phenomenon of war and to trace the peculiarities of the authors’ representation of military reality.
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Prysyazhnyi, Mykhaylo. UNIQUE, BUT UNCOMPLETED PROJECTS (FROM HISTORY OF THE UKRAINIAN EMIGRANT PRESS). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11093.
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In the article investigational three magazines which went out after Second World war in Germany and Austria in the environment of the Ukrainian emigrants, is «Theater» (edition of association of artists of the Ukrainian stage), «Student flag» (a magazine of the Ukrainian academic young people is in Austria), «Young friends» (a plastoviy magazine is for senior children and youth). The thematic structure of magazines, which is inferior the association of different on age, is considered, by vital experience and professional orientation of people in the conditions of the forced emigration, paid regard to graphic registration of magazines, which, without regard to absence of the proper publisher-polydiene bases, marked structuralness and expressiveness. A repertoire of periodicals of Ukrainian migration is in the American, English and French areas of occupation of Germany and Austria after Second world war, which consists of 200 names, strikes the tipologichnoy vseokhopnistyu and testifies to the high intellectual level of the moved persons, desire of yaknaynovishe, to realize the considerable potential in new terms with hope on transference of the purchased experience to Ukraine. On ruins of Europe for two-three years the network of the press, which could be proud of the European state is separately taken, is created. Different was a period of their appearance: from odnogo-dvokh there are to a few hundred numbers, that it is related to intensive migration of Ukrainians to the USA, Canada, countries of South America, Australia. But indisputable is a fact of forming of conceptions of newspapers and magazines, which it follows to study, doslidzhuvati and adjust them to present Ukrainian realities. Here not superfluous will be an example of a few editions on the thematic range of which the names – «Plastun» specify, «Skob», «Mali druzi», «Sonechko», «Yunackiy shliah», «Iyzhak», «Lys Mykyta» (satire, humour), «Literaturna gazeta», «Ukraina і svit», «Ridne slovo», «Hrystyianskyi shliah», «Golos derzhavnyka», «Ukrainskyi samostiynyk», «Gart», «Zmag» (sport), «Litopys politviaznia», «Ukrains’ka shkola», «Torgivlia i promysel», «Gospodars’ko-kooperatyvne zhyttia», «Ukrainskyi gospodar», «Ukrainskyi esperantist», «Radiotehnik», «Politviazen’», «Ukrainskyi selianyn» Considering three riznovektorni magazines «Teatr» (edition of Association Mistciv the Ukrainian Stage), «Studentskyi prapor» (a magazine of the Ukrainian academic young people is in Austria), «Yuni druzi» (a plastoviy magazine is for senior children and youth) assert that maintenance all three magazines directed on creation of different on age and by the professional orientation of national associations for achievement of the unique purpose – cherishing and maintainance of environments of ukrainstva, identity, in the conditions of strange land. Without regard to unfavorable publisher-polydiene possibilities, absence of financial support and proper encouragement, release, followed the intensive necessity of concentration of efforts for achievement of primary purpose – receipt and re-erecting of the Ukrainian State.
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Bilovska, Natalia. HYPERTEXT: SYNTHESIS OF DISCRETE AND CONTINUOUS MEDIA MESSAGE. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11104.
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In the article we interpret discrete and continuous message as interrupted and constant, limited and continual text, which has specific features and a number of differences between traditional (one-dimensional) text and hypertext (multidimensional). The purpose of this study is to define the concept of “hypertext”, consideration of its characteristics and features of the structure, similarities and differences with the traditional text, including the message in the media and communication. To achieve the goal of the study, we used a number of methods typical of journalism. Empirical analysis enabled a generalized description of the subject of study, which allowed to know it as a phenomenon. With the help of generalization the characteristic and specific regularities and principles of hypertext were studied. The system method is used to identify the dependence of each element of hypertext on its place in the text system as a whole. The retrospective method helped to understand the preconditions for the emergence of hypertext, to trace the dynamics of its development. General scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction) made it possible to formulate the conclusions of the study. Thanks to hypertext and the hypertext systems, the concept of virtual reality has gained tangible meaning. In hypertext space, virtuality organically complements reality. The state of virtuality, in this case, becomes the concept of hyperreality, and all this merges into a single whole in the space of computer text. Due to its volume and multidimensionality, hypertext can arouse scientific interest as an interdisciplinary discipline. In today’s world, the phenomenon of hypertext has been the subject of numerous discussions, conferences and research in the field of social communications, linguistics and psychology. Today, a significant number of organizations conduct large-scale research based on the concepts of hypertext associations and associative navigation.
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Jones, Emily, Beatriz Kira, Anna Sands, and Danilo B. Garrido Alves. The UK and Digital Trade: Which way forward? Blavatnik School of Government, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-wp-2021/038.
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The internet and digital technologies are upending global trade. Industries and supply chains are being transformed, and the movement of data across borders is now central to the operation of the global economy. Provisions in trade agreements address many aspects of the digital economy – from cross-border data flows, to the protection of citizens’ personal data, and the regulation of the internet and new technologies like artificial intelligence and algorithmic decision-making. The UK government has identified digital trade as a priority in its Global Britain strategy and one of the main sources of economic growth to recover from the pandemic. It wants the UK to play a leading role in setting the international standards and regulations that govern the global digital economy. The regulation of digital trade is a fast-evolving and contentious issue, and the US, European Union (EU), and China have adopted different approaches. Now that the UK has left the EU, it will need to navigate across multiple and often conflicting digital realms. The UK needs to decide which policy objectives it will prioritise, how to regulate the digital economy domestically, and how best to achieve its priorities when negotiating international trade agreements. There is an urgent need to develop a robust, evidence-based approach to the UK’s digital trade strategy that takes into account the perspectives of businesses, workers, and citizens, as well as the approaches of other countries in the global economy. This working paper aims to inform UK policy debates by assessing the state of play in digital trade globally. The authors present a detailed analysis of five policy areas that are central to discussions on digital trade for the UK: cross-border data flows and privacy; internet access and content regulation; intellectual property and innovation; e-commerce (including trade facilitation and consumer protection); and taxation (customs duties on e-commerce and digital services taxes). In each of these areas the authors compare and contrast the approaches taken by the US, EU and China, discuss the public policy implications, and examine the choices facing the UK.
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Crispin, Darla. Artistic Research as a Process of Unfolding. Norges Musikkhøgskole, August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.503395.
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As artistic research work in various disciplines and national contexts continues to develop, the diversity of approaches to the field becomes ever more apparent. This is to be welcomed, because it keeps alive ideas of plurality and complexity at a particular time in history when the gross oversimplifications and obfuscations of political discourses are compromising the nature of language itself, leading to what several commentators have already called ‘a post-truth’ world. In this brutal environment where ‘information’ is uncoupled from reality and validated only by how loudly and often it is voiced, the artist researcher has a responsibility that goes beyond the confines of our discipline to articulate the truth-content of his or her artistic practice. To do this, they must embrace daring and risk-taking, finding ways of communicating that flow against the current norms. In artistic research, the empathic communication of information and experience – and not merely the ‘verbally empathic’ – is a sign of research transferability, a marker for research content. But this, in some circles, is still a heretical point of view. Research, in its more traditional manifestations mistrusts empathy and individually-incarnated human experience; the researcher, although a sentient being in the world, is expected to behave dispassionately in their professional discourse, and with a distrust for insights that come primarily from instinct. For the construction of empathic systems in which to study and research, our structures still need to change. So, we need to work toward a new world (one that is still not our idea), a world that is symptomatic of what we might like artistic research to be. Risk is one of the elements that helps us to make the conceptual twist that turns subjective, reflexive experience into transpersonal, empathic communication and/or scientifically-viable modes of exchange. It gives us something to work with in engaging with debates because it means that something is at stake. To propose a space where such risks may be taken, I shall revisit Gillian Rose’s metaphor of ‘the fold’ that I analysed in the first Symposium presented by the Arne Nordheim Centre for Artistic Research (NordART) at the Norwegian Academy of Music in November 2015. I shall deepen the exploration of the process of ‘unfolding’, elaborating on my belief in its appropriateness for artistic research work; I shall further suggest that Rose’s metaphor provides a way to bridge some of the gaps of understanding that have already developed between those undertaking artistic research and those working in the more established music disciplines.
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. KEY IMPRESSIONS OF 2020 IN JOURNALISTIC TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11107.
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The article explores the key vocabulary of 2020 in the network space of Ukraine. Texts of journalistic, official-business style, analytical publications of well-known journalists on current topics are analyzed. Extralinguistic factors of new word formation, their adaptation to the sphere of special and socio-political vocabulary of the Ukrainian language are determined. Examples show modern impressions in the media, their stylistic use and impact on public opinion in a pandemic. New meanings of foreign expressions, media terminology, peculiarities of translation of neologisms from English into Ukrainian have been clarified. According to the materials of the online media, a «dictionary of the coronavirus era» is provided. The journalistic text functions in the media on the basis of logical judgments, credible arguments, impressive language. Its purpose is to show the socio-political problem, to sharpen its significance for society and to propose solutions through convincing considerations. Most researchers emphasize the influential role of journalistic style, which through the media shapes public opinion on issues of politics, economics, education, health care, war, the future of the country. To cover such a wide range of topics, socio-political vocabulary is used first of all – neutral and emotionally-evaluative, rhetorical questions and imperatives, special terminology, foreign words. There is an ongoing discussion in online publications about the use of the new foreign token «lockdown» instead of the word «quarantine», which has long been learned in the Ukrainian language. Research on this topic has shown that at the initial stage of the pandemic, the word «lockdown» prevailed in the colloquial language of politicians, media personalities and part of society did not quite understand its meaning. Lockdown, in its current interpretation, is a restrictive measure to protect people from a dangerous virus that has spread to many countries; isolation of the population («stay in place») in case of risk of spreading Covid-19. In English, US citizens are told what a lockdown is: «A lockdown is a restriction policy for people or communities to stay where they are, usually due to specific risks to themselves or to others if they can move and interact freely. The term «stay-at-home» or «shelter-in-place» is often used for lockdowns that affect an area, rather than specific locations». Content analysis of online texts leads to the conclusion that in 2020 a special vocabulary was actively functioning, with the appropriate definitions, which the media described as a «dictionary of coronavirus vocabulary». Media broadcasting is the deepest and pulsating source of creative texts with new meanings, phrases, expressiveness. The influential power of the word finds its unconditional embodiment in the media. Journalists, bloggers, experts, politicians, analyzing current events, produce concepts of a new reality. The world is changing and the language of the media is responding to these changes. It manifests itself most vividly and emotionally in the network sphere, in various genres and styles.
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Hall, Mark, and Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.
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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.