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Journal articles on the topic 'Stainless steel powder'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Tsukamoto, H., Yoshiki Komiya, N. Oshima, H. Sato, and Y. Watanabe. "Microstructure Refinement of Pure Aluminum by Inoculation with Stainless Steel Powders." Applied Mechanics and Materials 421 (September 2013): 272–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.421.272.

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The aim of this study is to investigate efficiency of stainless steel powder inoculation into pure aluminum for microstructure refinement. Refiners consisting of pure aluminum powder (powder size: 106~180m) and stainless steel powder (powder size: 25~53m) have been fabricated through spark plasma sintering (SPS). The stainless steels used in the study include SUS304L, SUS316L and SUS434L. SUS 304L powder has achieved a great grain refinement in cast aluminum, for which fading phenomenon has been considerably avoided. SUS316L and SUS434L powders develop fine dendrite structures, which can lead

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2

Brytan, Z. "The corrosion resistance of laser surface alloyed stainless steels." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 2, no. 92 (2018): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.9662.

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Purpose: of this paper was to examine the corrosion resistance of laser surface alloyed (LSA) stainless steels using electrochemical methods in 1M NaCl solution and 1M H2SO4 solution. The LSA conditions and alloying powder placement strategies on the material's corrosion resistance were evaluated. Design/methodology/approach: In the present work the sintered stainless steels of different microstructures (austenitic, ferritic and duplex) where laser surface alloyed (LSA) with elemental alloying powders (Cr, FeCr, Ni, FeNi) and hard powders (SiC, Si3N4) to obtain a complex steel microstructure o

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3

Kuang, Chun Jiang, H. Zhong, D. Chen, X. Kuang, Q. Li, and Q. Hao. "Development of Powder Metallurgy High Nitrogen Stainless Steel." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 1811–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.1811.

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Nitrogen alloying in steel may greatly increase the strength and corrosion resistance of the material. This paper introduced some research results of high nitrogen stainless steel (HNS) investigation via PM process. Nickel free high nitrogen stainless steels (17Cr12Mn2MoN) and superaustenitic high nitrogen stainless steels (28Cr6Mn2/6Mo10/20NiN) were investigated via gas atomization and HIP processes. Nitrogen alloying behavior during atomization and consolidation processes was investigated. Powders with nitrogen content up to 1% were manufactured by gas atomization process. Nickel free high n

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4

Tarabay, Jinane, Véronique Peres, and Michèle Pijolat. "Oxidation of Stainless Steel Powder." Oxidation of Metals 80, no. 3-4 (2013): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11085-013-9387-x.

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5

Dudek, Agata, and Barbara Lisiecka. "Surface Treatment Proposals for the Automotive Industry by the Example of 316L Steel." Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering 1, no. 1 (2018): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mape-2018-0047.

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Abstract Nowadays, stainless steels are very interesting and promising materials with unique properties. They are characterized high mechanical strengths, high toughness and good corrosion resistance, so that can be used in many industrial sectors. An interesting alternative to steels obtained using the conventional methods is sintered stainless steel manufactured using the powder metallurgy technology. AISI 316L stainless steel is one of the best-known and widely used austenitic stainless steel. Modification of surface properties of stainless steels, in particular by applying the Cr3C2 coatin

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Fernandes, Cristina M., Ana Maria R. Senos, José M. Castanho, and M. Teresa Vieira. "Effect of the Ni Chemical Distribution on the Reactivity and Densification of WC-(Fe/Ni/Cr) Composite Powders." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 633–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.633.

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The objective of this work was to study the effect of the Ni distribution on the reactivity and densification of WC-(Fe/Ni/Cr) composite powders. For such, stainless steel AISI 304, was used as a binder base composition which was enriched with Ni by three different processing methods: WC sputter deposition using a target of stainless steel with Ni discs, conventional wet milling of commercial powders (WC, stainless steel and Ni powders) and a previous coating of the WC particles with Ni, followed by the conventional mixing of this coated powder with stainless steel powder. The reactive sinteri

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7

Černý, Michal, Josef Filípek, Pavel Mazal, and David Varner. "Notch aspects of RSP steel microstructure." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 5 (2012): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260050049.

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For a rather long time, basic research projects have been focused on examinations of mechanical properties for Rapid Solidification Powder (RSP) steels. These state-of-art steels are commonly known as “powdered steels“. In fact, they combine distinctive attributes of conventional steel alloys with unusual resistance of construction material manufactured by so called “pseudo-powdered” metallurgy.Choice of suitable materials for experimental verification was carried out based on characteristic application of so called “modern steel”. First, groups of stainless and tool steel types (steel grades

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8

Chikosha, Silethelwe, Lerato C. Tshabalala, Hertzog Bissett, et al. "Spheroidisation of Stainless Steel Powder for Additive Manufacturing." Metals 11, no. 7 (2021): 1081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11071081.

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In additive manufacturing, powder characteristics play an important role in terms of flowability and densification, which can be improved by the use of spherical powders. In this study, irregular powder was spheroidised by plasma treatment, and the powder properties were measured. Powder characterisation was conducted to determine the morphology, particle size and distribution as well as the flowability. Spherical AISI 304 stainless steel powders were produced by plasma spheroidization, and the efficiency of the spheroidisation process was evaluated. The spheroidisation process resulted in 93%

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9

Brytan, Zbigniew, Marco Actis Grande, Mario Rosso, Róbert Bidulský, and L. A. Dobrzański. "Stainless Steels Sintered Form the Mixture of Prealloyed Stainless Steel and Alloying Element Powders." Materials Science Forum 672 (January 2011): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.672.165.

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The aim of the presented paper is to describe the sintered duplex stainless steels manufactured in sinter-hardening process and their structural and mechanical properties. Duplex stainless steels were obtained through powder metallurgy starting from austenitic 316L or ferritic 410L prealloyed base powders by controlled addition of alloying elements powder. Prepared mixes were compacted at 700MPa and sintered in a vacuum furnace with argon backfilling at temperature of 1240°C for 1h. After sintering different cooling cycles were applied: rapid cooling (6°C/s) using nitrogen under pressure and s

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10

Li, Zhi Wei, Kai Yong Jiang, Fei Wang, and Ji Liang Zhang. "Behavior of Microwave Heating of 316 Stainless Steel Green Body." Advanced Materials Research 936 (June 2014): 1694–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.936.1694.

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This paper mainly introduces the mechanism of microwave heating: electric conduction loss, eddy current loss and arc discharge. The microwave heating behavior of 316 stainless steel powder body which made by gel casting was investigated in the paper. Experiments on different microwave power, powder particle size, and the content of auxiliary heating material showed that the smaller the powder particle size, the larger microwave power and auxiliary heating materials help 316 stainless steel body for sintering.

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11

Dellis, Ch, G. Le Marois, J. M. Gentzbittel, G. Robert, and F. Moret. "Properties of HIPed stainless steel powder." Journal of Nuclear Materials 233-237 (October 1996): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3115(96)00159-6.

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12

Biancaniello, F. S., R. D. Jiggetts, R. E. Ricker, and S. D. Ridder. "Powder Metallurgy High Nitrogen Stainless Steel." Materials Science Forum 318-320 (October 1999): 649–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.318-320.649.

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13

Li, Duxin, Haitao Hou, Lianghua Liang, and Kun Lee. "Powder injection molding 440C stainless steel." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 49, no. 1-4 (2010): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-009-2398-8.

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14

Antunes, Renato Altobelli, Wagner S. Wiggers, Maysa Terada, Paulo A. P. Vendhausen, and Isolda Costa. "The Corrosion Behaviour of TiN-Coated Powder Injection Molded AISI 316L Steel." Materials Science Forum 530-531 (November 2006): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.530-531.105.

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The use of AISI 316L stainless steels for biomedical applications as implants is widespread due to a combination of low cost and easy formability. However, wrought 316L steel is prone to localized corrosion. Coating deposition is commonly used to overcome this problem. Ceramic hard coatings, like titanium nitride, are used to improve both corrosion and wear resistance of stainless steels. Powder injection moulding (PIM) is an attractive method to manufacture complex, near net-shape components. Stainless steels obtained from this route have shown mechanical and corrosion properties similar to w

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15

Zampieron, J. V., J. P. Soares, F. Mathias, J. L. Rossi, and Francisco Ambrozio Filho. "Low Pressure Powder Injection Moulding of Stainless Steel Powders." Key Engineering Materials 189-191 (February 2001): 610–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.189-191.610.

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16

Chen, Wen Yi, Jian Zhou, and Ying Liu. "Oxidation Resistance Behave of Stainless Steel /TiC Nano Powders." Key Engineering Materials 434-435 (March 2010): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.434-435.109.

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Stainless steel/TiC nanocomposite powder were prepared by high-energy ball-milling method using 316 stainless steel powder, carbon and titanium powder as raw materials. Microstructure of the nanocomposite powder was investigated with XRD and TEM techniques. The results showed that the stainless steel/TiC nanocomposite powder obtained when the ball-milling time was more than 40 hours. DSC analysis method was used to study the characteristics of oxidation resistance and the oxidation reaction kinetics of the nanocomposites powder. Results show that the oxidant resistance of nanocomposite powder

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17

Zitelli, Folgarait, and Di Schino. "Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Stainless Steel Grades: A Review." Metals 9, no. 7 (2019): 731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9070731.

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In this paper, the capability of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) systems to process stainless steel alloys is reviewed. Several classes of stainless steels are analyzed (i.e., austenitic, martensitic, precipitation hardening and duplex), showing the possibility of satisfactorily processing this class of materials and suggesting an enlargement of the list of alloys that can be manufactured, targeting different applications. In particular, it is reported that stainless steel alloys can be satisfactorily processed, and their mechanical performances allow them to be put into service. Porosities in

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18

Dobrzański, Leszek Adam, Z. Brytan, Marco Actis Grande, and Mario Rosso. "Properties of Vacuum Sintered Duplex Stainless Steels." Advanced Materials Research 15-17 (February 2006): 828–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.15-17.828.

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This work presents the possibility of obtaining duplex stainless steels through powder metallurgy technology starting from austenitic X2CrNiMo17-12-2, martensitic X6Cr13 powders by controlled addition of alloying elements, such as Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu in the right quantity to obtain the chemical composition of the structure similar to biphasic one. Moreover the ferritic stainless steel X6Cr17 has been mixed to austenitic stainless steel in the ratio of 50%-50% in order to exam the deriving structure after sintering. In the studies behind the preparation of mixes, Schaffler’s diagram was taken into c

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19

Yang, Xiao, and Bao Hui Li. "Etched Stainless Steel Powder as Novel Sorbent Material for Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 2699–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.2699.

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The etched stainless steel powder was prepared and explored as sorbent material for solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for determination of trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental matrices. The etched stainless steel powder was shown to be promising for solid-phase extraction of PAHs in environmental samples with subsequent HPLC separation and UV detection. This paper explored different factors that affected the adsorption efficiency of etched stainless steel powder, including the etched time of stainless steel powder, the m

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20

Shimizu, Toru, Kotaro Hanada, Satoru Adachi, Masahito Katoh, Kanichi Hatsukano, and Kunio Matsuzaki. "Recycling of Stainless Steel Grinding Sludge." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 997–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.997.

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Stainless steel sludge is generated as a waste in the grinding process, and the possibility of recycling stainless steel is considered here. Generally, stainless steel grinding sludge ranging about 10,000 are generated per a year in Japan, and most of it is discarded or re-melted with scrap steel. In this study, we considered the possibility of using the stainless steel sludge as metal powder for MIM or raw material for metal foam. For the MIM process, the metal powder will need some improvement, and flotation and spheroidizing processes of the sludge are necessary. For fabrication of the meta

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21

Kazior, Jan, Aneta Szewczyk-Nykiel, Tadeusz Pieczonka, Marek Hebda, and Marek Nykiel. "Properties of Precipitation Hardening 17-4 PH Stainless Steel Manufactured by Powder Metallurgy Technology." Advanced Materials Research 811 (September 2013): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.811.87.

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Alloys from austenitic and ferritic stainless steel found to be satisfactory for a great many applications. However, for applications that require higher levels of strength and hardness from the martensitic grades are frequently specified. Martensitic stainless steels offer significantly higher strengths but have to low ductility. For this reason for application where high levels of strength and a moderate ductility is required, the precipitation strengthened stainless steels are often considered. One of the most popular alloy of this kind of stainless steel is 17-4 PH. The aim of the present

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22

Cui, Chengsong, Volker Uhlenwinkel, Alwin Schulz, and Hans-Werner Zoch. "Austenitic Stainless Steel Powders with Increased Nitrogen Content for Laser Additive Manufacturing." Metals 10, no. 1 (2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010061.

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Nitrogen is used as an alloying element, substituting the expensive and allergenic element nickel, in austenitic stainless steels to improve their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The development of austenitic stainless steel powders with increased nitrogen content for laser additive manufacturing has recently received great interest. To increase nitrogen content in the austenitic steel powders (for example AISI 316L), two measures are taken in this study: (1) melting the steel under a nitrogen atmosphere, and (2) adding manganese to increase the solubility of nitrogen in the st

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23

Ibrahim, Mohd Halim Irwan, Norhamidi Muhamad, and Abu Bakar Sulong. "Rheological Characterization of Water Atomised Stainless Steel SS316L for Micro MIM." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.129.

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This paper investigates the performance of feedstock characteristics for micro metal injection molding (μMIM) by using optimum power loading variation and rheological characterization. The study has been emphasized on the powder and binder system in which stainless steel SS316L powder are mixed with composite binder, which consists of PEG (Polyethelena Glycol), PMMA (Polymethyl Methacrilate) and SA (Stearic Acid) by variation of powder loading concentration. The rheology properties are investigated using Shimadzu Flowtester CFT-500D capillary rheometer. As the geometry of water atomised stainl

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24

Jeon, Byoungjun, Seong Ho Sohn, Wonsik Lee, Chulwoong Han, Young Do Kim, and Hanshin Choi. "Double Step Sintering Behavior Of 316L Nanoparticle Dispersed Micro-Sphere Powder." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (2015): 1155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0088.

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Abstract 316L stainless steel is a well-established engineering material and lots of components are fabricated by either ingot metallurgy or powder metallurgy. From the viewpoints of material properties and process versatility, powder metallurgy has been widely applied in industries. Generally, stainless steel powders are prepared by atomization processes and powder characteristics, compaction ability, and sinterability are quite different according to the powder preparation process. In the present study, a nanoparticle dispersed micro-sphere powder is synthesized by pulse wire explosion of 31

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25

Chen, Wen Yi, Jian Zhou, and Ying Liu. "Study on the Oxidation Resistance of 316 Stainless Steel Nano-Powder Prepared by Ball-Milling Method." Advanced Materials Research 66 (April 2009): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.66.151.

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316 stainless steel nano-grain powders were prepared by high-energy ball-milling method. The evolutions of grain size and microstructure of the stainless steel powders with the change of ball-milling conditions were investigated by XRD, SEM. DSC method was used to analyze the oxidation resistance of the powders after ball milling. The law of the change in oxidation weight gain and DSC oxidation peak of samples at the different heating rates were analyzed. Oxidation kinetics studies showed that the oxidant resistance of 316 stainless steel nano-crystalline powder was improved, the activation en

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26

Banjongprasert, Chaiyasit, Piyaporn Jaimeewong, and Sukanda Jiansirisomboon. "Investigation of Thermal Sprayed Stainless Steel/WC-12wt%Co Nanocomposite Coatings." Materials Science Forum 695 (July 2011): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.695.441.

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The thermal spray coatings of stainless steel with nano-sized particles as reinforcement have been studied. Stainless steel powder mixed with 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 wt% WC-12wt%Co nano-sized powder was flame sprayed. The presence of WC-12wt%Co nano-particles in mixed powders as feedstock was confirmed. The microstructure of the coatings has been investigated using a wide range of characterization techniques: optical microscopy with image analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to understand the microstructure evolution. Chem

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27

Nyborg, L., M. Norell, and I. Olefjord. "Surface studies of powder metallurgical stainless steel." Surface and Interface Analysis 19, no. 1-12 (1992): 607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.7401901113.

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28

Wang, Tsai-Chen, and Shoichi Kimura. "Fluidized-Bed Nitridation of Stainless Steel Powder." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 12, no. 2 (1997): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426919708935141.

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29

Xu, Taixu, Chongyi Wei, Xiao Han, Jihui Liu, Zhijun He, and Nan Lü. "Effect of Carbon Content and Elements Mo and V on the Microstructure and Properties of Stainless Steel Powder Surfacing Layer." Coatings 10, no. 4 (2020): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10040371.

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This study evaluated the effect of an increase in carbon content and the presence of the elements Mo and V on the microstructure and properties of the surfacing layer of stainless steel powder for knives and scissors production. Various types of high-quality stainless steel powder (5Cr13, 8Cr13, and 8Cr13MoV) were deposited on the surface of low-grade stainless steel used to produce knives and scissors (2Cr13). The microstructure, comprehensive hardness, wear resistance, impact toughness, and corrosion resistance of the stainless steel powder surfacing layers were tested and analyzed. Results

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30

Zeng, D., S. Yang, and Zhi Dong Xiang. "A Feasibility Study on Increasing Surface Hardness of Austenitic Stainless Steels by Pack Co-Deposition of N and Cr." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 1751–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.1751.

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This study is an attempt to codeposit N and Cr into the surface of austenitic stainless steels by pack cementation process to simultaneously increase their surface hardness and corrosion resistance. The pack powders were prepared using Cr2N powder as a source of both N and Cr, NH4Cl as activator and Al2O3 as inert filler. Specimens of the AISI204 austenitic stainless steel were treated in the 2 wt% NH4Cl activated 15Cr2N-85Al2O3 (wt%) pack at 1100 °C for different times. It was demonstrated that a top Cr2N layer with a Cr enriched zone underneath can be formed on the steel surface via the vapo

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31

Bai, Pei Kang, Yu Xin Li, and Bin Liu. "Fundamentals of Selective Laser Sintering of 316 Stainless Steel Powder." Key Engineering Materials 464 (January 2011): 703–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.464.703.

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Selective laser sintering technology is used for manufacturing parts from 316 stainless steel powders. Experiments were carried out on a Nd:YAG laser machine (LMY400) with 400W. Powder is layered by a roller over the surface of a 100mm diameter build cylinder. Effects of processing parameter on the scan line width, the scan line height, the single layer structure and the multilayer structure are investigated. The results show laser power, scan speed and layer thickness have a great effect on the scan line width and line height. Furthermore, the stable and continuous vectors are formed with the

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32

Lyushinsky, A. V. "Application of ultrafine nickel powder for diffusion joining of titanium to stainless steel." Paton Welding Journal 2019, no. 4 (2019): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/tpwj2019.04.04.

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33

Miyajima, Masafumi, Akira Kawasaki, and Ryuzo Watanabe. "Hot Powder Vehicle Compaction of an Atomized Stainless Steel Powder." Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals 53, no. 8 (1989): 799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.53.8_799.

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34

Watanabe, Ryuzo, Akira Kawasaki, and Masafumi Miyajima. "Hot Powder Vehicle Compaction of an Atomized Stainless Steel Powder." Materials Transactions, JIM 31, no. 2 (1990): 152–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.31.152.

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35

Hariharan, Ashok, and Samir Kumar Mozumdar. "Evolution of Mould Fluxes." Advanced Materials Research 794 (September 2013): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.794.75.

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Mould flux was invented for bottom poured ingots using fly ash as raw material. It transited subsequently to synthetic raw materials. As continuous casting of steel developed, Fluxes in fine powder form evolved culminating to the development of environment friendly fluxes in granular form. As continuous casting of stainless steel commenced different powders were developed for different Stainless qualities like austenitic, ferritic etc. Powders developed from interface with users were not only to satisfy demand of lubrication in the mould but also for adequate heat transfer and better surface q

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36

Bozic, Dusan, Miroljub Vilotijevic, Jovana Ruzic, Uros Jovanovic, and Jelena Stasic. "Microstructure and properties of gravity sintered 316l stainless steel powder with nickel boride addition." Science of Sintering 48, no. 3 (2016): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos1603293b.

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The present work demonstrates a procedure for synthesis of stainless steel powder by gravity sintering method. As an additive to the basic powder, NiB powder was added in the amount of 0.2 - 1.0 wt.%. Gravity sintering was done in vacuum, at the temperatures of 1100?C-1250?C, in the course of 3 - 60 min, using ceramic mould. Structural characterization was conducted by XRD, and microstructural analysis by optical and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Mechanical properties were investigated by tensile tests with steel rings. Density and permeability were determined by standard techniques for

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37

Pascoali, Suzy, Lucas Dominguini, Joel Brasil Borges, and Paulo A. P. Wendhausen. "Rheological Behavior of Blends Gas-Water Atomized Stainless Steel Powder." Materials Science Forum 727-728 (August 2012): 239–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.239.

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This work evaluates the influence of particle morphology in mixture rheology. Range of particle morphology was used, changing in the mixtures the proportion of spherical powders and irregular powders, respectively gas and water atomized powders, in fraction of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in mass. Components were obtained by mixtures with solid loading very close to critical values. Rheological analysis of the mixtures was elaborated in a capillary rheometry. The solids loading maximum was larger in 10% for the mixtures with only gas atomized powder, when compared to the mixture with just water atom

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38

Skałon, M., and J. Kazior. "Enhanced sintering of austenitic stainless steel powder AISI 316L through boron containig master alloy addition." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 57, no. 3 (2012): 789–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10172-012-0086-4.

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It is well known that boron is widely used in order to enhance sintering process for obtaining high density of sintered iron alloys. It was found that even a small amount of elemental boron added to iron based powder compacts, produces significant increase in densification rate upon formation of a liquid phase. Due to the attractive characteristic the use of boron has also been actively investigated for enhancing sintering stainless steels powders. In present research boron was added as a part of master alloy, which has been designed to provide the formation of wetting liquid phase, with accom

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39

Yao, Bibo, Zhaoyao Zhou, Liuyang Duan, and Zhiyu Xiao. "Compressibility of 304 Stainless Steel Powder Metallurgy Materials Reinforced with 304 Short Stainless Steel Fibers." Materials 9, no. 3 (2016): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma9030161.

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40

Zhang, Shiwei, Can Chen, Gong Chen, Yalong Sun, Yong Tang, and Zhiwei Wang. "Capillary performance characterization of porous sintered stainless steel powder wicks for stainless steel heat pipes." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 116 (July 2020): 104702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2020.104702.

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41

BARANIDHARAN, K., S. THIRUMALAI KUMARAN, M. UTHAYAKUMAR, and P. PARAMESWARAN. "A Review of Electrochemical Corrosion on Stainless Steel 316." INCAS BULLETIN 12, no. 4 (2020): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2020.12.4.20.

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Electrochemical corrosion behaviour on stainless steel 316 has been studied with various solutions and its corroded samples along with the microstructural studies and prevention. The electrochemical corrosion occurs due to the transformation of electrons at the metal surface to depolarizer. In the existing approaches, the test methods of the electrochemical corrosion are performed to investigate its behaviour on stainless steel 316. The result shows that small and porous pits were observed when using some acidic solutions (eg: HCl, H2SO4, FeCl3). Localized pitting effect on grain boundries of

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Chan Bae, Jung. "Defect structures induced by inert-gases in rapidly solidified type 304 stainless steel." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 558–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100104856.

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Defects-are formed in most plastically deformed, quenched, and radiation damaged materials, and their type and distribution depend on the experimental conditions. Extensive research on radiation damage has shown that inert gases accumulate in materials and cause significant alterations of the microstructure and mechanical properties. In the centrifugal atomization process, the exposure of Type 304 stainless steel droplets to inert gas environments presents opportunities for their entrapment. The observation of large number density defects such as vacancy type dislocation loops and stacking fau

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Tojal, C., T. Gómez-Acebo, and F. Castro. "Development of PM Stainless Steels with Improved Properties through Liquid Phase Sintering." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 661–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.661.

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The use of boron for successfully obtaining high density PM stainless steels with improved mechanical properties and corrosion resistance is presented. Boron is added as part of master alloys which have been specifically designed to provide the formation of wetting liquid phases with excellent characteristics for producing controlled densification and alloying of 316L and 304L austenitic stainless steels. The as-sintered density and properties of these alloys is determined by the amount of master alloy, the chemical composition of the stainless steel powder, the sintering temperature and time.

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Chang, Shih Hsien, Tzu Piao Tang, Kuo Tsung Huang, Jhewn Kuang Chen, and Cheng Liang. "Effects of Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties on 440C-TiC Composite Steel by HIP Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 129-131 (August 2010): 1114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.1114.

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of HIP treatment on 440C-TiC composite steel. In this study, AISI 440C stainless steel powders were added with different amounts of TiC powders (25, 33 and 40 wt%), the composite materials were sintered at 1473 K, 1573 K, and 1673 K, followed by different pressures of HIP and HIP plus heat treatment. HIP treatments were used 120 and 150 MPa at 1523 K 1 hour. Experimental results showed that the microstructure of matrix had small needle structures after HIP treatment, which were effective in improving the hardness and strength. Furthermore 440

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Marcelo, Teresa, João M. G. Mascarenhas, and Fernando A. Costa Oliveira. "Microwave Sintering – A Novel Approach to Powder Technology." Materials Science Forum 636-637 (January 2010): 946–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.946.

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The present paper focus on preliminary work carried out at INETI concerning the use of microwave radiation applied to sintering of both ceramic and metal powders. Due to the characteristics of materials-radiation interaction, microwaves can become an interesting power source in powder technology and other processing routes, since it is possible to lower the sintering temperature and shorten the sintering cycles, leading to time and energy savings. Alumina, hydroxyapatite, titanium and stainless steel powder compacts were sintered in a modified commercial oven of 2.45GHz and 1000W nominal power

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Xiao, Zhi Yu, M. Y. Ke, Wei Ping Chen, D. H. Ni, and Yuan Yuan Li. "A Study on Warm Compacting Behaviors of 316L Stainless Steel Powder." Materials Science Forum 471-472 (December 2004): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.471-472.443.

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The application of warm compaction in stainless steel powders has not been formally reported by now. In this paper, the warm compacting behavior of 316L stainless steel powders had been studied. Results showed that warm compaction was effective in improving the green density and strength of 316L stainless steel powders. Under the compacting pressure of 800 MPa, warm compacted density was 0.20 g/cm3 higher than cold compacted one, and green strength was 52% higher. The optimum warm compacting temperature was 110±10°C. With die wall lubricated warm compaction, the internal lubricant content can

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Aslam, Muhammad, Faiz Ahmad, Puteri Sri Melor Binti Megat Yusoff, et al. "Investigation of Rheological Behavior of Low Pressure Injection Molded Stainless Steel Feedstocks." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5347150.

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The purpose of this research is to investigate the influence of different powder loadings of 316L stainless steel (SS) powders on rheological behavior of feedstocks required for low pressure powder injection molding (L-PIM) process. The main idea consists in development of various formulations by varying 316L SS powder contents in feedstocks and evaluating the temperature sensitivity of feedstock via flow behavior index and activation energy. For this purpose, the irregular shape, spherical shape, and combination of both shapes and sizes (bimodal approach) of 316L SS powders are compounded wit

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Kusaka, Katsushi, Tomio Kohno, and Mitsuaki Asano. "Rheological Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Powder Plastisols." Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 43, no. 1 (1996): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.43.113.

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Nam, J. G., and J. S. Lee. "Mechano-chemical synthesis of nanosized stainless steel powder." Nanostructured Materials 12, no. 1-4 (1999): 475–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0965-9773(99)00162-2.

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Aslam, Muhammad, Faiz Ahmad, Puteri Sri Melor Binti Megat Yusoff, Khurram Altaf, Mohd Afian Omar, and Randall M.German. "Powder injection molding of biocompatible stainless steel biodevices." Powder Technology 295 (July 2016): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.03.039.

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