Academic literature on the topic 'Stalin Prize'
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Journal articles on the topic "Stalin Prize"
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Johnson, Oliver. "The Stalin Prize and the Soviet Artist: Status Symbol or Stigma?" Slavic Review 70, no. 4 (2011): 819–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5612/slavicreview.70.4.0819.
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How did the Stalin Prize function in the Soviet fine art establishment of the 1940s and 1950s and how were the awards interpreted by members of the artistic community and the public? This examination of the discussions of the Stalin Prize Committee and unrehearsed responses to the awards reveals an institution that operated at the intersection of political and expert-artistic standards within which the parameters of postwar socialist realism were negotiated and to some extent defined. The Stalin Prize for the Fine Arts played an important part in the development of the leader cult and contributed to the self-aggrandizement of an elite minority. The symbolic capital of the Stalin Prize was compromised by its role, perceived or actual, in the consolidation of a generational and ideological hegemony within the Soviet art world and the establishment of an aesthetic blueprint for socialist realism.
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Zou, Chengzhang. "THE STALIN PRIZE IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: BETWEEN PROPAGANDA AND PROFESSIONAL RECOGNITION." Scientific notes of Taurida National V.I. Vernadsky University, series Historical Sciences, no. 3 (2021): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32838/2663-5984/2021/3.38.
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Medić, Ivana. "Stalin’s Music Prize: Soviet Culture and Politics." Musicological Annual 54, no. 1 (July 3, 2018): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/mz.54.1.177-182.
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Ten years ago, tasked with reviewing Marina Frolova-Walker’s first book Russian Music and Nationalism: From Glinka to Stalin (Yale University Press, 2007), I praised the author for dismantling long-standing myths and questioning the activities of some of the sacred cows of Russian music history, and for writing about the topics that “annoyed” her in a most enlightening and gripping way. After reading Frolova-Walker’s latest book, Stalin’s Music Prize: Soviet Culture and Politics, I was thrilled to see that the author is still busting myths, charting the hitherto unexplored areas of Soviet music history, and narrating a fascinating and often hilarious story of the rise-and-fall of Stalin’s prize for artistic achievements. Frolova-Walker provides brilliant insight into the inner workings of the Soviet institutional and cultural system, and the power play that affected the process of rewarding artists whose work was meant to stand for the best that Soviet culture had to offer.
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Tikhonov, Vitaly V. "UNPRESENTED AWARD. THE STALIN PRIZE IN THE FIELD OF HISTORY FOR THE 1952." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. Series History. Philology. Cultural Studies. Oriental Studies, no. 4 (2018): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-6355-2018-4-39-46.
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Petroudi, Georgia. "Prokofiev’s seventh symphony and its two еndings: A study of “imposed” revisions." Muzikologija, no. 23 (2017): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz1723031p.
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Why does a composer resort to changing any one of his compositions? Under what circumstances does the creative output need to be re-evaluated and perhaps reconsidered? Prokofiev?s final Seventh Symphony presents two endings different in mood and character, one subtler and the other more vivid. This paper examines the background behind the appearance of the alternative ending - most specifically an extended coda, which appeared as an indication of a conformist stance on Prokofiev?s part, an attempt to appease the regime and probably obtain the Stalin Prize, so essential to him.
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Belozerov, Oleg. "A Hard-Won Award: The History of Awarding the Stalin Prize to M. M. Zavadovskii." Voprosy istorii estestvoznaniia i tekhniki 42, no. 2 (2021): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s020596060015088-8.
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Stanevičiūtė, Rūta. "What did Lithuanian Composers Receive the Stalin Prize for? The Year 1948 and Lithuanian Music." Meno istorijos studijos 9 (2021): 203–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53631/mis/2021.9.7.
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Zholkovsky, A. K. "Between Kaverin and Bunin. In memoriam: Lev Losev." Voprosy literatury, no. 6 (February 7, 2019): 126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2018-6-126-141.
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Alexander Zholkovsky’s essay brings together the figures of three Russian writers: the еmigrе Nobel prize winner Ivan Bunin (1870–1953), the Soviet classic and Stalin prize winner Veniamin Kaverin (1902–1989), and the еmigrе poet, prosaist and literary scholar Lev Loseff (1927–2009). The essay starts by briefly summarizing its author’s recent studies of the major works of the first two (The Dark Alleys [Toymnye allei] and The Two Captains [Dva kapitana], respectively) and stating their nearly polar difference, despite having been written almost simultaneously (in the 1940s). The narrative then involves a chapter from a book of memoirs by the third writer, Lev Loseff, which focusses on his childhood (in the same 1940s) and in particular, on his reading of books about the Soviet North, including Kaverin’s The Two Captains. The chapter’s denouement features Kaverin himself in person and Loseff’s stunning insight into the workings of Kaverin’s literary craft. Inspired by Loseff’s insight, Zholkovsky proposes his own: an unexpected link between Kaverin and Bunin (spoiler free).
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Ikonen, Susan. "The Reception of Leviathan in Light of Two Soviet “Cultural Scandals”: A Revival of Soviet Rhetoric and Values?" Transcultural Studies 12, no. 1 (November 22, 2016): 92–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23751606-01201005.
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Andrei Zviagintsev’s award-winning movie “Leviathan” (2014) triggered a fierce debate among domestic audiences in Russia. It was blamed for being anti-Russian and slandering Russian life. The rhetoric of these accusations reminded many Russians of Soviet-era campaigns against writers and filmmakers. This article analyses the film’s reception by different audiences, of which the most critically harsh and insistent voice was that of the Orthodox activists. The article also attempts to connect expressions of patriotism and shared identity with Soviet-era models. In this context, it discusses Stalin-era cultural control with a special focus on two Thaw-era literary scandals: the controversies about Vladimir Dudintsev’s novel (1956) and Boris Pasternak’s Nobel Prize (1958).
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Andreev, Alexander Alekseevich, and Anton Petrovich Ostroushko. "VOYNO-YASENETSKY Valentin Feliksovich (1877-1961). To the 140th of the birthday." Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 10, no. 2 (September 23, 2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2017-10-2-174.
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Voyno-Yasenetsky Valentin Feliksovich (Archbishop Luka) Archbishop of Crimea and Simferopol, Russian and Soviet surgeon, the author of works in anesthesiology, doctor of medical Sciences (1916), Professor (1917); doctor of theology (1959), winner of the Stalin prize, first degree (1946).
F. Voino-Yasenetsky was born 27 APR 1877. After graduating from high school and Kiev art school, studied painting in Munich. In 1898 he became a student of the medical faculty of Kiev University, after which he worked as a surgeon in Chita, the town of Ardatov in Simbirsk province S. Verkhniy Lyubazh, Kursk region, town of Fatezh, Moscow. In 1915 he published in Saint Petersburg the book "Regional anesthesia", and in 1916 he defended it as his thesis and received the degree of doctor of medicine. Until 1917 the doctor in some of the provincial hospitals of Russia, and later the chief doctor of Tashkent city hospital, Professor of Central Asian state University. In 1921 he was ordained to the diaconate, a week a priest in 1923 he was tonsured a monk and consecrated a Bishop with the name Luca, a week later arrested. In 1926 V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky returned to Tashkent, but in 1930 he was arrested again and transported to Arkhangelsk. In 1934 he published a monograph "Sketches of purulent surgery". In 1937 he was arrested for the third time. Since 1940, works as a surgeon in the link in Bolshaya Murta, 110 kilometers from Krasnoyarsk. 1941 – consultant to all hospitals in the Krasnoyarsk territory and the chief surgeon of the hospital. In 1942 was elevated to the rank of Archbishop and appointed to the chair of Krasnoyarsk. In 1944, published the monograph "On the course of chronic empyema and hundreth" and "Late resections of infected gunshot wounds of the joints." In 1944, Archbishop Luke was headed by the Department of Tambov. In 1945, awarded the Patriarch Alexy I right to wear the diamond cross, wrote the book "Spirit, soul and body." In 1946 he headed the Crimean Department in Simferopol. In 1946 he was awarded the Stalin prize. In 1955, was blind. Died V. F. Voyno-Yasenetsky June 11, 1961, Archbishop of Crimea and Simferopol.
Author of 55 scientific papers on surgery and anatomy, ten volumes of sermons. His most famous book "Sketches of purulent surgery". Awarded Pointscore (1916), the diamond cross from the Patriarch of all Russia (1944), medal "For valiant labor in the great Patriotic war" (1945), Stalin prize first degree (1944).
Archbishop Luka monuments in Krasnoyarsk, Tambov, and Simferopol, is an honorary citizen of Pereslavl-Zalessky (posthumously). In 1995, St Luke canonized as locally venerated saints of the Crimean diocese, in 2000, the definition of the Council of bishops of the Russian Orthodox Church glorified as a Confessor (Saint) in the Assembly of new martyrs and Confessors of Russia. His relics are installed for worship at Holy Trinity Cathedral in Simferopol.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stalin Prize"
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Gutierrez, Cristhian, Robert Mallette, and Adebola Odumade. "Sustainable Stadia Actualizing the Potential of Community- Owned Stadia Towards Sustainability." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1137.
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Professional sporting events draw staggering crowds to stadia on a yearly basis. This combined, with the prosocial psychological effects of attending professional games and the cultural meaning of stadia to a community, provide excellent opportunities for municipalities to use their stadia in a movement towards global socio-ecological sustainability. While these opportunities are available, the industry is not well established to realize their potential. Our research, through application of the framework for strategic sustainable development (FSSD), offers measures to facilitate such a move. In application of the framework, however, a key threat of professional team monopoly power was identified, putting into question the perpetuation of public ownership over facilities with professional teams as tenants. If a solution is to be reached within this model, a multi-stakeholder approach is endorsed, where reduction of team monopoly power is conceded for the long-term benefits to municipalities.Cristhian G. +46 733 -572918
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Barriere, Alexandre. "Mirth and matter understanding and staging of The Witch o f Edmonton." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Divadelní fakulta. Knihovna, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-155928.
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This thesis is based on the author?s experience of directing J. Ford, Th. Dekker, and W. Rowley?s play The Witch of Edmonton (1621) in Divadlo DISK in February 2012 as a final performance in his Directing Master Studies at the Theatre Faculty. What is at stake in reviving such a little-known play of the Jacobean era, and performing it in Czech Republic? Can a text written as a reaction to a precise event (a real witch trial) and built as a quasi-documentary depiction of the society of the time, within the aesthetic codes of the time, be relevant material for a lively performance today? This thesis argues that yes, and that The Witch of Edmonton can actually be the starting point of what can be ?political theatre? in a form not only belonging to a long tradition of committed entertainment (the play?s prologue promising us ?mirth and matter?), but especially relevant to today?s audiences and artistic stakes. The first part of the thesis is a detailed contextual analysis of the play, the historical period in which it was written, the conditions of performance of the time, the material it is based on and the way it was dramaturgically built as ?political?. The second part focuses on the author?s analytical attempts to extract the text from its historical context, in particular through comparative history and history of ideas and using the concepts of Brecht?s epic theatre, depicting also how this research served as a preparation for the concept of his performance, a concept that is then explicated in detail. The third and last part is a short account and reflection about the rehearsal process and its outcome from the director?s point of view, making a final statement on the achieved practical work.
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Griesse, Malte. "Communiquer, juger et agir sous Staline : la personne prise entre ses liens avec les proches et son rapport au système politico-idéologique." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0129.
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Ce travail historique porte sur le tissu des liens personnels et son évolution, sur la formation de la personne au sein et à partir de ses rapports de communication à différentes échelles entre le proche et le public dans l'URSS de l'époque stalinienne. La personne est considérée au croisement de ses engagements interactifs, multiples et des opérations réflexives à travers lesquelles elle se positionne par rapport au système politico-idéologique. L'étude est centrée sur les communistes engagés dans la construction du régime, notamment sur ceux que l'on peut qualifier de fondateurs de l'État soviétique, à savoir les bolcheviks de la première heure, dont les liens personnels se sont constitués très souvent à partir d'un engagement militant commun, sous l'égide du Parti. Appuyé sur des documents personnels (journaux, correspondances, mémoires) notre travail démontre le rôle décisif de la communication engagée entre proches pour le développement d'une capacité critique vis-à-vis du régimeThis dissertation deals with personal ties and •their evolution in Stalin’s time. It examines the formation of the person through the process of communicational exchanges at multiple levels, from the intimate to the public realms. The person is analysed at the interface of her/his multiple interactive ties, as well as his reflections on positioning himself in a larger context, especially the politico-ideological system of the time in the Soviet Union. The study focuses on engaged communists, mainly those who could be called the founding fathers of the Soviet state: Bolshevik pioneers whose personal ties and friendships often emerged from, a common revolutionary militancy under the auspices of the Party. 8ased on personal documents such as diaries, letters and memoirs this thesis shows in particular the crucial role played by engaged communication among people close to each other in the development of critical capacity relative to the regime in power
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Richstein, Jörn Constantin. "Interactions between carbon and power markets in transition." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-176612.
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In this research, several improvements to the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) were analysed. The EU ETS is a market for emission allowances and the European Union's main instrument for reducing greenhouse gas emissions (of which CO2 is the main component). However, the CO2 allowance price in this market has been highly volatile and generally too low to stimulate significant long-term reductions in CO2 emissions. National and system-wide price floors and ceilings were investigated, prompted by the UK’s implementation of a CO2 price floor through a supplementary CO2 tax. The effects of the "backloading" of CO2 allowances and the proposed Market Stability Reserve were also investigated. While the latter measures may increase dynamic efficiency, this research showed that a well-designed price corridor is even more efficient, while still achieving the long-term abatement targets and stabilising prices. Furthermore, different methods for adjusting the CO2 emissions cap in response to changes in renewable energy policies were investigated. Finally, the impact of investors' risk aversion on the functioning of the CO2 market was evaluated. The analyses were conducted with the use of EMLab-Generation, an agent-based model that simulates two interconnected electricity markets with a joint CO2 emissions trading system. In this model, the companies have limited knowledge about the future, which makes it possible to investigate the impact of public policy instruments on long-term investment dynamics.The Doctoral Degrees issued upon completion of the programme are issued by Comillas Pontifical University, Delft University of Technology and KTH Royal Institute of Technology. The invested degrees are official in Spain, the Netherlands and Sweden, respectively.
copyright notice:(c) 2015 Richstein, J.C. · Creative Commons Attribution-Non- Commercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License
QC 20151109
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Černý, Vítězslav. "Porovnání vybraných zimních stadionů v Praze." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-349050.
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Title: Comparison of the operation of selected ice stadiums in Prague. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to compare selected ice stadiums to each others by using analysis. Furthrmore, the thesis should show the opportunities and threats of teh selected ice stadiums. Methods: The case analysis was chosen as the main research method. In the preparation of this analysis other methods, such as intentional selection, document analysis and semi-structured interview were applied. Based on the results the SWOT analysis was developed. Through this method the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the selected ice stadiums. SLEPT analysis was used to recognize factors, that affects selected ice stadiums. Results: The analysis shows that every single ice stadium is able to assure enough clients. Some cooperate with nearby schools, others are linked with ice hockey club. Three of selected ice stadiums are able to make profit, two are able not to lose money and two were not willing to provide their econimic information. It was also recognized, that there is a huge need to reconstruct some parts in almost every single ice stadium. We could also see that it is important to reach some money from grants. Key words: Ice stadium, ice-rink, cooling, services, document analysis, semi-structured...
Books on the topic "Stalin Prize"
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K, Oseev, ed. Stalinskie premii: Dve storony odnoĭ medali : sbornik dokumentov i khudozhestvenno-publit︠s︡isticheskikh materialov. Novosibirsk: Svinʹin i synovʹi︠a︡, 2007.
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Allen, David Grayson. Accounting for success: A history of Price Waterhouse in America, 1890-1990. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 1993.
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Stevens, William D. Justifiable pride: A World War II memoir. Lincoln, Neb: Jemel Books, 1999.
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editor, Margolius Ivan, ed. Hitler, Stalin... a já: Ústní historie 20. století : rozhovor Hedy Margoliové-Kovályové, autorky knihy Na vlastní kůži (1973), a filmové dokumentaristky Heleny Třeštíkové v Hedině bytě v Soukenické ulici v Praze, 28.-31. srpna 2000. Praha: Mladá fronta, 2015.
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Frolova-Walker, Marina. Stalin's Music Prize: Soviet Culture and Politics. Yale University Press, 2016.
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Stalin Prize Winners: Andrei Sakharov, Sergei Eisenstein, Mikhail Kalashnikov, Dmitri Shostakovich, Léon Theremin, Andrey Kolmogorov. Books LLC, 2010.
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Todes, Daniel P. Ivan Pavlov: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780190906696.001.0001.
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Abstract Ivan Pavlov (1849–1936) is famous for his Nobel Prize–winning studies of digestion and, especially, his investigations of conditional reflexes, through which he attempted to understand and ease the “torments” of human consciousness. Based on rich archival materials, this work provides a uniquely rich and readable introduction to his life and work. The book follows Pavlov from his youth as a provincial seminarian to his scientific studies, traumas, and professional success in the glittering capital of St. Petersburg through world war and two revolutions, international celebrity status, and his complex relationship with the Bolsheviks under Lenin and Stalin. Exploring Pavlov’s quest to constrain the psyche within mechanistic law, the work explains his innovative experimental techniques and approach, discusses his interpretive practices as a physiologist, reveals the personalities and importance of his favorite experimental dogs, and analyzes his important, but little-known, experiments on chimpanzees. The work ends with a discussion of the two manuscripts on which Pavlov labored during his last days, which reveal the relationship between the great scientist’s work and his psychological drive for certainty amid the unforeseeable calamities in life and express his final thoughts about the relationship between science, Christianity, and Communism.
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Adventure of the Second Stain: Illustrated Classics Vol. 149. Independently Published, 2017.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Stalin Prize"
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Volland, Nicolai. "Inventing a Proletarian Fiction for China: The Stalin Prize, Cultural Diplomacy, and the Creation of a Pan-Socialist Identity." In Dynamics of the Cold War in Asia, 93–111. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230101999_6.
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Citci, Sadettin Haluk, and Kubra Uge. "Information Exchange in Price Setting Mixed Duopoly." In Static & Dynamic Game Theory: Foundations & Applications, 13–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51941-4_2.
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Frolova-Walker, Marina. "The Stalin Prize Without Stalin." In Stalin's Music Prize, 258–78. Yale University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300208849.003.0012.
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"11. The Stalin Prize without Stalin." In Stalin's Music Prize, 258–78. Yale University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/9780300215991-014.
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"How to Win a Stalin Prize:." In Musical Lives and Times Examined, 335–60. University of California Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.455895.19.
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Tomoff, Kiril. "Elite Hierarchies." In Creative Union, 235–67. Cornell University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801444111.003.0010.
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This chapter assesses the extraordinary rewards that simultaneously reflected a composer's authority with elite audiences and, by conferring official prestige, molded that authority and shaped the audience's tastes. Honorary titles and Stalin Prizes made and marked the pinnacle of the Soviet cultural elite. Taken together, professional authority, prestige, official status, and unofficial recognition constituted composers' intellectual or creative authority, both individually and as an elite group in Stalinist society. Though diverse audiences granted the authority required to qualify for these extraordinary awards, the criteria by which they were granted were essentially determined by the professional elite, especially members of the Stalin Prize Committee. This committee formed a crucial interface between the Stalinist political leadership and the creative intelligentsia. Ultimately, the musical elite's agency to interpret musical value was used to translate creative authority into social hierarchies and material privilege.
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Caute, David. "The Russian Question: A Russian Play." In The Dancer Defects, 88–116. Oxford University PressOxford, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199249084.003.0005.
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Abstract Among Soviet dramas of the early cold war, Konstantin Simonov’s play The Russian Question (Russkii vopros) merits a chapter to itself. It was probably unique in confining its dramatis personae to American characters-not a Russian in sight. The Russian Question was the cold war play par excellence, promoted and disseminated with Stalin’s approval in thirty Soviet theatres. In Germany the Soviet-zone premie’re followed within a month of the opening night in Moscow, despite a storm of American protests, by which time German-language translations were already on sale at Berlin kiosks. Two weeks later the Soviet Embassy in London put out an English translation; news of a Stalin Prize soon followed. Production plans for Mikhail Romm’s film of the play were announced almost immediately. At the end of the year, with the play still running, Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov appeared in the ‘royal box’ at the Moscow Art Theatre, the ultimate seal of approval.
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"16. How to Win a Stalin Prize: Shostakovich and His Quintet." In Musical Lives and Times Examined, 335–60. University of California Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520392021-017.
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Mastny, Vojtech. "A Harvest of Blunders June 1948–April 1949." In The Cold War and Soviet Insecurity: The Stalin Years, 47–62. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195106169.003.0004.
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Abstract While in fomenting the German crisis Stalin had largely been reacting, he was in full control of the Yugoslav one, which was of his own creation. Planning showdowns in two different places simultaneously showed how badly he needed a success. In Berlin, the prize was inflicting a diplomatic defeat upon the Americans that would shatter their credibility as protectors of Western Europe; in Belgrade, Stalin’s credibility as the undisputed master of Eastern Europe was at stake. If successful, he would be able to achieve in two bold strokes Soviet supremacy in both parts of the Continent—something that had eluded him after World War II. If he were to fail, however, the result would be bolstering American ascendancy in the Cold War even more while breaking the unity of international communism, with potentially disastrous consequences for the integrity of his own empire. The Berlin blockade started surreptitiously; from contemporary documents, it even is difficult to tell exactly when it did. Ever since May 1948, Soviet authorities had been harassing Western traffic in and out of the city; the lack of a firm response did not discourage them from trying more. On June 17, the Soviet walkout from the Berlin Kommandatura signaled a desire for confrontation, though not necessarily a definite plan of action.
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Horowitz, Joseph. "Cold War Music, East and West." In The Propaganda of Freedom, 113–28. University of Illinois Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252045271.003.0007.
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Marina Frolova-Walker’s Stalin Music Prize (2016) is one in a series of revisionist studies of Soviet musical culture showing it to be more “bottom-up” and less “top-down” than Cold War propagandists like Nabokov had imagined. As in the United States, an effort was made to popularize classical music. While heavy-handed, it was on balance at least as meritorious as the U.S. “music appreciation” movement, which suffered from commercialization and a Eurocentric bias. The Soviet emphasis on “praxis” was also notable. In sum, the Soviet classical music scene was riper and more integrated than the American, notwithstanding its dogma and abuses. The odyssey of Aaron Copland, whose efforts to “serve the state” musically resulted in a Red Scare backlash, casts further perspective on the US-Soviet juxtaposition.
Conference papers on the topic "Stalin Prize"
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Uspensky, A. V., M. V. Arisov, and O. A. Panova. "145th ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF KONSTANTIN IVANOVICH SKRYABIN (1878-1972)." In THEORY AND PRACTICE OF PARASITIC DISEASE CONTROL. All-Russian Scientific Research Institute for Fundamental and Applied Parasitology of Animals and Plant – a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Centre VIEV”, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31016/978-5-6048555-6-0.2023.24.23-34.
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Konstantin Ivanovich Skryabin is an outstanding Helminthologist, Academician
of three Academies of Sciences (V. I. Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural
Sciences, USSR Academy of Sciences, USSR Academy of Medical Sciences), Hero
of Socialist Labor, Lenin and Stalin (twice) prize winner, and Recipient of six Orders
of Lenin. In 2023, the 145th Anniversary of his birth will be celebrated on December
7, 1878. Konstantin Ivanovich received the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
in 1905 at the Yuryev Veterinary Institute (now the University of Tartu, Estonia).
After completing his studies until 1911, he worked as a local city veterinarian for the
first 2 years in Chimkent, and then in Aulie-Ata (later Dzhambul, now Taraz) of
Turkestan where he collected an extensive helminthological collection. From 1912 to 1914 he worked on probation in the field of helminthology abroad, namely, in
Germany, Switzerland, and France. Upon returning to Russia, he remained to work
at the Veterinary Laboratory of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in St. Petersburg.
From 1917 to 1920, K. I. Skryabin became the first Professor of the first Department
of Parasitology in Russia at the Don Veterinary Institute in Novocherkassk. He
organized not only pedagogical, but also scientific work; the idea of organizing
helminthological expeditions was born here. In 1920, upon his return to Moscow,
he became the Head of the Helminthological Department of the State Institute of
Experimental Veterinary Medicine (SIEVM). All subsequent vigorous scientific
activity of Konstantin Ivanovich was aimed at strengthening the positions of
helminthology as a science in Russia, and expanding the network of educational
and scientific organizations. K. I. Skryabin and his students created a huge number
of works: articles and monographs. His publications list includes about 700 titles
including a number of fundamental multivolume papers. Konstantin Ivanovich
Skryabin died on October 17, 1972. He was buried at the Novo-Dyevitchiye
cemetery in Moscow.
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Erickson, Ken R. "Next X-Prize: L1 Base with Linked Asteroid Mining as Prime Catalyst for Space Enterprise." In SPACE TECH.& APPLIC.INT.FORUM-STAIF 2006: 10th Conf Thermophys Applic Microgravity; 23rd Symp Space Nucl Pwr & Propulsion; 4th Conf Human/Robotic Tech & Nat'l Vision for Space Explor.; 4th Symp Space Coloniz.; 3rd Symp on New Frontiers & Future Concepts. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2169296.
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Rachma, Salsabila Nur, Fikri Al Faroby, and M. Farid Abiyyu Hanafi. "Zaha Hadid dan Neo-Futurism: Kritik Kotor pada Al Janoub Stadium." In Temu Ilmiah IPLBI 2021. Ikatan Peneliti Lingkungan Binaan Indonesia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32315/ti.9.i041.
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Zaha Hadid, seorang arsitek dengan ciri khasnya yang kontroversial membuatnya sangat fenomenal di dunia arsitektur, arsitek Wanita pertama yang mendapatkan penghargaan “Laureate of the Pritzker Architecture Prize” yang membuat dirinya hadir sebagai Starchitect. Ditambah dengan personanya yang sangat kontroversial membuat dirinya serta karyanya yang bergaya seputar Neo Futurism semakin terkenal. Hingga kemudian sebuah proyek di Qatar pada persiapan untuk 2022 FIFA World Cup dalam pembangunan sebuah stadion di kota Doha. Ciri khas dirinya yang kontroversial membuat kasus ini semakin kontroversial akan tuduhan masyarakat serta para kritikus ramai membicarakan hal ini. Pada kasus kali ini proyek pembangunan yang diampu oleh Sang Starchitect, Zaha Hadid, tertuduh akan eksploitasi tenaga kerja manusia (buruh) yang mencapai angka kematian hingga 1000 pekerja dan hasil desainnya yang ‘sangat’ mirip dengan organ kewanitaan hingga menimbulkan banyak kritik yang masuk terhadap pembangunan dari stadion ini baik kritik yang masuk dari masyarakat dan para kritikus. Kata-kunci : neo futurism, kontroversial, kritik, stadium, zaha hadid
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Renjit, Ajit A., Mahesh S. Illindala, Abrez Mondal, and Dave A. Klapp. "Analysis and prevention of prime-mover stalling in a mixed source microgrid." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems (PEDES). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pedes.2016.7914522.
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Pulcherio, Mariana, Ajit A. Renjit, Mahesh S. Illindala, Amrit S. Khalsa, and Joseph H. Eto. "Evaluation of control methods to prevent prime-mover stalling in a mixed source microgrid." In 2016 IEEE/IAS 52nd Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference (I&CPS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icps.2016.7490249.
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Kržišnik Bukić, Vera. "TERMINOLOGIJA O BOSNI KAO STRUČNI I POLITIČKI PROBLEM." In Međunarodna naučna konferencija-75. GODIŠNJICA PRVOG ZASJEDANJA ZAVNOBIH-a: POVIJESNA UTEMELJENOST OBNOVLJENE DRŽAVNOSTI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U 20. I 21. STOLJEĆU. Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/pi2019.179.20.
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Autorica je u ovom radu fokusirana na povijesnu i savremenu problematiku u Bosni i u vezi s Bosnom koja se odnosi na spornu terminologiju sadržaja pojmova narod i nacija u historiografiji i drugim društvenim naukama. Ime Bosna u tekstu iz operativnih razloga koristi kao sinonim za sadašnju samostalnu državu Bosnu i Hrercegovinu, a i za taj prostor u prošlosti. Smatra da je propuštena prilika u historijskom trenutku neposredno prije ili poslije završetka Drugog svjetskog rata kada se Bosna možda mogla identificirati ne samo po etničkom kriteriju već ujedno i kroz građanski princip budućeg društvenog uređenja ove tada formirane središnje republike u jugoslavenskoj federaciji. Objašnjava štetni utjecaj upotrebe spornih termina narod i nacija na društvenu realnost Bosne u prošlosti i sadašnjosti. Ocjenjuje da bi se moglo i trebalo preciznom terminološkom aplikacijom ovih pojmova i njihovih izvedenica možda znatnije doprinijeti prevazilaženju stalnih društvenih napetosti koje opterećuju Bosnu poradi zamršene domaće etničke strukture, a najviše radi negativnog utjecaja susjednih država Republike Srbije i Republike Hrvatske na društvene odnose u Bosni. Predstavlja i moguće istraživačke modalitete za razmatranje bosanske stvarnosti na području narodnosnih i nacionalnih sadržaja. Predlaže proaktivnu sistematičnu ulogu društvenih nauka u polju terminologije o narodnosnim i građanskim pitanjima Bosne.
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Johnson, M. C., and E. M. Greitzer. "Effects of Slotted Hub and Casing Treatments on Compressor Endwall Flow Fields." In ASME 1986 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/86-gt-247.
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An experimental investigation was carried out to examine the influence of a rotating slotted hub treatment on a compressor stator passage endwall. Detailed mapping of the three-dimensional unsteady velocity field near the hub was done for a smooth hub and a hub having axial skewed slots. With the smooth wall, the velocity measurements indicate that a large region of blockage occurs near the rear of the blade passage. This blockage is seen to be associated with the hub endwall rather than either the suction surface or the pressure surface of the blade. With axial skewed slots, the blockage is markedly decreased, the stalling flow coefficient is reduced, and the peak pressure rise greatly increased. Due to the axial (rear-to-front) flow in the slots, there is a region of fluid removal (from the endwall) near the rear of the passage and a strong fluid injection, or jet, near the front. The data appear to support the idea that it is primarily the flow removal, and not the jet, which is responsible for the improvement in stall margin found with hub and casing treatment. Furthermore, the data indicate that it is the (dissipation of the) high velocities in the jet that is the prime source of the efficiency reduction associated with this treatment.
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Al-Athel, Khaled Saleh, Turky Aldossary, and Syed Sohail Akhtar. "Material Behavior of Hydrophobic Yb2O3 and Photocatalytic TiO2 Coatings in HVAC Water Cooling Towers: A Case Study." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-95726.
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Abstract An HVAC water cooling tower utilizes water in the heat transfer process. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates that HVAC systems must be cleaned twice a year to prevent pneumatic diseases, which is a costly process. In this work, hydrophobic coatings of Yb2O3, and coatings of TiO2 and TiO2+Cu are tested as potential coatings for water cooling towers. The samples were placed in water splash zones to ensure exposure to sufficient water effects. The samples were placed for 6 months in. One sample of each set was placed in the shade, while another sample was placed in sunlight to examine the different effects. For the TiO2, all samples were placed in sun-exposed areas. During the test, the sample with the prime coating of YSZ and top coating of 50 μm Yb2O3 exhibited the best behavior compared with the rest of the samples coated with bond coating of Cr2O3. As expected, sunlight adversely affected all samples, with an increase in the number of locations with dark stains due to algae formation. In addition, the top coating of Yb2O3 improved the result. For the TiO2 coating, the addition of copper rendered better results, whereas low concentrations of several elements, such as slats, are observed in the samples with the added copper. The results are in a preliminary stage, and a complete antimicrobial analysis is needed.
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Steele, Robert, Peter Baldwin, and James Kesseli. "Insertion of Shock Wave Compression Technology Into Micro Turbines for Increased Efficiency and Reduced Costs." In ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2005-68203.
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The following analysis is presented to serve as a preliminary design guide for micro turbine engine designers to consider the potential advantages of incorporating the Rampressor into their recuperated engine designs. It is shown that the increase in compressor efficiency and the shift in optimum pressure will increase the efficiency of the engine and lower the recuperator inlet temperature and specific cost. This also provides the opportunity to increase the turbine inlet temperature and specific power without incorporating more costly air-cooled metal or ceramic components into the turbine design. Ramgen Power Systems, Inc. (RPS) is developing a family of high performance supersonic compressor designs that combine many of the aspects of shock compression systems, commonly used in supersonic flight inlet design, with turbo-machinery design practices employed in conventional axial and centrifugal compressor design. The result is a high efficiency compressor that is capable of single stage pressure ratios in excess of those available in existing axial or centrifugal compressor designs. This technology provides a tremendous opportunity for replacement and/or de-staging of multi-stage centrifugal or axial compressors in gas turbines for greater efficiency, less cost, fewer parts, lower weight, and reduced footprint. A conceptual single-stage supersonic compressor has been defined for integration with a micro turbine in the 200 to 500 kWe class. This configuration offers the potential to achieve the DOE Advanced Micro Turbine Systems goals of greater than 40% LHV electric efficiency and $500 per kWe package selling price.
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Browne, Alan L., Nancy L. Johnson, and Jeffrey Brown. "SMA Actuated Vertical Blade Louver System: Part 1 — Performance Requirements and Design." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3001.
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Airflow over/under/around a vehicle can affect many important aspects of vehicle performance including vehicle drag (and through this vehicle fuel economy), vehicle lift and downforce, and cooling/heat exchange for the vehicle powertrain and A/C systems. While active devices are present on all aircraft, the majority of known airflow control devices in current use in ground transportation are of fixed geometry, location, orientation, and stiffness. The project, conducted during the 2004–2006 timeframe, whose performance requirements, design, and bench-top prototype build phases, are described in this paper was successful in developing an SMA actuator based approach for opening and closing a vertically-oriented-blade louver system to be used for on-demand control of the airflow into the engine compartment, i.e. for on-demand control of both cooling airflow as well as aerodynamic drag. Beyond feasibility, the initial full scale bench top working models demonstrated an active materials based approach which would have decreased weight and a smaller packaging envelop than a comparable motor driven unit. This demonstration showed that actuation speed, force, and cyclic stability all could meet the application requirements. The specific design that was selected, a set of parallel vertically oriented blades each linked through a gear to a common rack that is translated by a linear SMA actuator, uses straight linear actuation to produce a reversible synchronous 90 degree rotation of the blades, i.e. a full opening and closing capability for the louver system. Key technical issues that remained to be demonstrated and resolved through design modifications if necessary in Part 2 — on-vehicle performance testing — of this study were related in most part to robustness in the harsh vehicle front-end environment, a prime example being mechanism stalling due to ice or mud buildup.
Reports on the topic "Stalin Prize"
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Taylor, John. The Staying Power of Staggered Wage and Price Setting Models in Macroeconomics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22356.
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Ward, Kyle, and Timothy Jacobs. PR-457-20204-R01 Pump Station Efficiency Improvement Evaluation. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012006.
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Pipeline transmission of liquids, although highly cost effective relative to other means of liquid transport (e.g., on-highway freight vehicles or trains), still encumbers costs with opportunities for improvement. Liquid pumps, serving as the prime mover for liquids in a pipeline, are a chief operating expense for pipeline transmission. A large and diverse set of pump characteristics - both in terms of style, motive force, and age -make it difficult to identify technologies that result in substantial cost savings for the owner / operator of liquid pipeline systems. Thus, characterizing and classifying the various liquid pump technologies, as well as identifying the latest advancements that can enable retrofit and / or new installation improvements for the purpose of reducing operational pump costs and downtime, is crucial. This study identifies the latest advancements that can increase pump efficiency, increase overall system efficiency, and allow for short-term and long-term cost savings.
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Reyes-Tagle, Gerardo, and Jorge E. Muñoz-Ayala. Debt and Economic Growth: Does Size Matter? Evidence from Dynamic Parametric and Static Non-parametric Approaches. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004818.
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This paper provides new evidence on the effect of debt on economic growth through two alternative methodological approaches. On the one hand, by using a panel error correction model with a sample of 130 countries between 1980 and 2020, we found evidence of the existence of a range of debt-to-GDP ratios for which economic growth remains positive after debt surges. This threshold may lie between 32 percent and 136 percent, with optimal economic growth achieved at an 84 percent debt-to-GDP ratio for the whole sample of countries. The error correction form for the economic growth was dynamically consistent and non-linear with respect to the debt-to-GDP ratio. On the other hand, recent evidence has shown that commodity price volatility increases external debt accumulation for commodity-exporting countries. Still, there is no evidence of the effects of debt surges on these countries' economic growth. This paper provides original insights into the relationship between economic growth and the debt-to-GDP ratio for commodity and non-commodity-driven economies by employing a regression discontinuity design (RDD) approach. This method allows us to estimate differences in economic growth around an estimated threshold without assuming any specific function for the underlying relationship between the two variables. Our findings suggest that non-commodity-driven economies benefit from a higher threshold (85 percent) than commodity-exporting economies (50 percent).
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Berlinski, Samuel, María Marta Ferreyra, Luca Flabbi, and Juan David Martin. Child Care Markets, Parental Labor Supply, and Child Development. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002872.
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We develop and estimate a model of child care markets that endogenizes both demand and supply. On the demand side, families with a child make consumption, labor supply, and child-care decisions within a static, unitary household model. On the supply side, child care providers make entry, price, and quality decisions under monopolistic competition. Child development is a function of the time spent with each parent and at the child care center; these inputs vary in their impact. We estimate the structural parameters of the model using the 2003 Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, which contains information on parental employment and wages, child care choices, child development, and center quality. We use our estimates to evaluate the impact of several policies, including vouchers, cash transfers, quality regulations, and public provision. Among these, a combination of quality regulation and vouchers for working families leads to the greatest gains in average child development and to a large expansion in child care use and female labor supply, all at a relatively low fiscal cost.
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Hertel, Thomas, David Hummels, Maros Ivanic, and Roman Keeney. How Confident Can We Be in CGE-Based Assessments of Free Trade Agreements? GTAP Working Paper, June 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp26.
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With the proliferation of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) over the past decade, demand for quantitative analysis of their likely impacts has surged. The main quantitative tool for performing such analysis is Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modeling. Yet these models have been widely criticized for performing poorly (Kehoe, 2002) and having weak econometric foundations (McKitrick, 1998; Jorgenson, 1984). FTA results have been shown to be particularly sensitive to the trade elasticities, with small trade elasticities generating large terms of trade effects and relatively modest efficiency gains, whereas large trade elasticities lead to the opposite result. Critics are understandably wary of results being determined largely by the authors’ choice of trade elasticities. Where do these trade elasticities come from? CGE modelers typically draw these elasticities from econometric work that uses time series price variation to identify an elasticity of substitution between domestic goods and composite imports (Alaouze, 1977; Alaouze, et al., 1977; Stern et al., 1976; Gallaway, McDaniel and Rivera, 2003). This approach has three problems: the use of point estimates as “truth”, the magnitude of the point estimates, and estimating the relevant elasticity. First, modelers take point estimates drawn from the econometric literature, while ignoring the precision of these estimates. As we will make clear below, the confidence one has in various CGE conclusions depends critically on the size of the confidence interval around parameter estimates. Standard “robustness checks” such as systematically raising or lowering the substitution parameters does not properly address this problem because it ignores information about which parameters we know with some precision and which we do not. A second problem with most existing studies derives from the use of import price series to identify home vs. foreign substitution, for example, tends to systematically understate the true elasticity. This is because these estimates take price variation as exogenous when estimating the import demand functions, and ignore quality variation. When quality is high, import demand and prices will be jointly high. This biases estimated elasticities toward zero. A related point is that the fixed-weight import price series used by most authors are theoretically inappropriate for estimating the elasticities of interest. CGE modelers generally examine a nested utility structure, with domestic production substitution for a CES composite import bundle. The appropriate price series is then the corresponding CES price index among foreign varieties. Constructing such an index requires knowledge of the elasticity of substitution among foreign varieties (see below). By using a fixed-weight import price series, previous estimates place too much weight on high foreign prices, and too small a weight on low foreign prices. In other words, they overstate the degree of price variation that exists, relative to a CES price index. Reconciling small trade volume movements with large import price series movements requires a small elasticity of substitution. This problem, and that of unmeasured quality variation, helps explain why typical estimated elasticities are very small. The third problem with the existing literature is that estimates taken from other researchers’ studies typically employ different levels of aggregation, and exploit different sources of price variation, from what policy modelers have in mind. Employment of elasticities in experiments ill-matched to their original estimation can be problematic. For example, estimates may be calculated at a higher or lower level of aggregation than the level of analysis than the modeler wants to examine. Estimating substitutability across sources for paddy rice gives one a quite different answer than estimates that look at agriculture as a whole. When analyzing Free Trade Agreements, the principle policy experiment is a change in relative prices among foreign suppliers caused by lowering tariffs within the FTA. Understanding the substitution this will induce across those suppliers is critical to gauging the FTA’s real effects. Using home v. foreign elasticities rather than elasticities of substitution among imports supplied from different countries may be quite misleading. Moreover, these “sourcing” elasticities are critical for constructing composite import price series to appropriate estimate home v. foreign substitutability. In summary, the history of estimating the substitution elasticities governing trade flows in CGE models has been checkered at best. Clearly there is a need for improved econometric estimation of these trade elasticities that is well-integrated into the CGE modeling framework. This paper provides such estimation and integration, and has several significant merits. First, we choose our experiment carefully. Our CGE analysis focuses on the prospective Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) currently under negotiation. This is one of the most important FTAs currently “in play” in international negotiations. It also fits nicely with the source data used to estimate the trade elasticities, which is largely based on imports into North and South America. Our assessment is done in a perfectly competitive, comparative static setting in order to emphasize the role of the trade elasticities in determining the conventional gains/losses from such an FTA. This type of model is still widely used by government agencies for the evaluation of such agreements. Extensions to incorporate imperfect competition are straightforward, but involve the introduction of additional parameters (markups, extent of unexploited scale economies) as well as structural assumptions (entry/no-entry, nature of inter-firm rivalry) that introduce further uncertainty. Since our focus is on the effects of a PTA we estimate elasticities of substitution across multiple foreign supply sources. We do not use cross-exporter variation in prices or tariffs alone. Exporter price series exhibit a high degree of multicolinearity, and in any case, would be subject to unmeasured quality variation as described previously. Similarly, tariff variation by itself is typically unhelpful because by their very nature, Most Favored Nation (MFN) tariffs are non-discriminatory in nature, affecting all suppliers in the same way. Tariff preferences, where they exist, are often difficult to measure – sometimes being confounded by quantitative barriers, restrictive rules of origin, and other restrictions. Instead we employ a unique methodology and data set drawing on not only tariffs, but also bilateral transportation costs for goods traded internationally (Hummels, 1999). Transportation costs vary much more widely than do tariffs, allowing much more precise estimation of the trade elasticities that are central to CGE analysis of FTAs. We have highly disaggregated commodity trade flow data, and are therefore able to provide estimates that precisely match the commodity aggregation scheme employed in the subsequent CGE model. We follow the GTAP Version 5.0 aggregation scheme which includes 42 merchandise trade commodities covering food products, natural resources and manufactured goods. With the exception of two primary commodities that are not traded, we are able to estimate trade elasticities for all merchandise commodities that are significantly different form zero at the 95% confidence level. Rather than producing point estimates of the resulting welfare, export and employment effects, we report confidence intervals instead. These are based on repeated solution of the model, drawing from a distribution of trade elasticity estimates constructed based on the econometrically estimated standard errors. There is now a long history of CGE studies based on SSA: Systematic Sensitivity Analysis (Harrison and Vinod, 1992; Wigle, 1991; Pagon and Shannon, 1987) Ho
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Palmer, Guy, Varda Shkap, Wendy Brown, and Thea Molad. Control of bovine anaplasmosis: cytokine enhancement of vaccine efficacy. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695879.bard.
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Anaplasmosis an arthropod-born disease of cattle caused by the rickettsia Anaplasma marginale and is an impediment to efficient production of healthy livestock in both Israel and the United States. Currently the only effective vaccines are derived from the blood of infected cattle. The risk of widespread transmission of both known and newly emergent pathogens has prevented licensure of live blood-based vaccines in the U.S. and is a major concern for their continued use in Israel. Consequently development of a safe, effective vaccine is a high priority. In this collaborative project we focused on two approaches to vaccine development. The first focused o n improving antigen delivery to livestock and specifically examined how DNA vaccines could be improved to enhance priming and expansion of the immune response. This research resulted in development and testing of two novel vaccine delivery systems--one that targeted antigen spread among dendritic cells (the key cell in priming immune responses and a follow-on construct that also specifically targeted antigen to the endosomal-lysosomal compartment the processing organelle within the dendritic cell that directs vaccine antigen to the MHC class ll-CD4* T cell priming pathway). The optimized construct targeting vaccine antigen to the dendritic cell MHC class II pathway was tested for ability to prime A. marginale specific immune responses in outbred cattle. The results demonstrated both statistically significant effects of priming with a single immunization, continued expansion of the primary immune response including development of high affinity lgG antibodies and rapid recall of the memory response following antigen challenge. This portion of the study represented a significant advance in vaccine delivery for livestock. Importantly the impact of these studies is not limited to A. marginale a s the targeting motifs are optimized for cattle and can be adapted to other cattle vaccinations by inserting a relevant pathogen-specific antigen. The second approach (which represented an addition to the project for which approval was requested as part of the first annual report) was a comparative approach between A . marginale and the Israel A . centrale vaccines train. This addition was requested as studies on Major Surface Protein( MSP)- 2 have shown that this antigen is highly antigenically variable and presented solely as a "static vaccine" antigen does not give cross-strain immunity. In contrast A. . centrale is an effective vaccine which Kimron Veterinary institute has used in the field in Israel for over 50 years. Taking advantage of this expertise, a broad comparison of wild type A. marginale and vaccine strain was initiated. These studies revealed three primary findings: i) use of the vaccine is associated with superinfection, but absence of clinical disease upon superinfection with A. marginale; ii) the A. centrale vaccine strain is not only less virulent but transmission in competent in Dermacentor spp. ticks; and iii) some but not all MSPs are conserved in basic orthologous structure but there are significant polymorphisms among the strains. These studies clearly indicated that there are statistically significant differences in biology (virulence and transmission) and provide a clear path for mapping of biology with the genomes. Based on these findings, we initiated complete genome sequencing of the Israel vaccine strain (although not currently funded by BARD) and plant to proceed with a comparative genomics approach using already sequenced wild-type A. marginale. These findings and ongoing collaborative research tie together filed vaccine experience with new genomic data, providing a new approach to vaccine development against a complex pathogen.