Relevant bibliographies by topics / STANAG 4586

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'STANAG 4586'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "STANAG 4586"

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Frazzetta, Stefano, and Marco Pacino. "A STANAG 4586 Oriented Approach to UAS Navigation." Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems 69, no. 1-4 (2012): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10846-012-9694-5.

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Liu, Ai Zhi, Bao An Li, and An Min Xi. "Ergonomic and General Ground Control Station Design for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 390 (August 2013): 388–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.390.388.

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In the view of the existing design for Ground Control Station(GCS) of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV) lacking of generality and ergonomics, a kind of ergonomic and general GCS is designed; the architecture of GCS system, which is general open and distributed, is constructed based on Gigabit Ethernet; a standard and general hardware platform is designed; software follows Standard Interface of STANAG 4586; the Shelter and Flight Control Console(FCC) are designed based on Ergonomics; that is an exploration for the design of GCS.
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Nam, Gyeongrae, Jeonghwan Go, Cheolhee Kwon, and Soyoung Jeong. "A Study on the Analysis and Improvement of STANAG 4586 / MAVLink Protocol for Interoperability Improvement of UAS." Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology 23, no. 6 (2020): 618–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9766/kimst.2020.23.6.618.

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Doan, Khai Minh. "EVALUATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC EXPLOSIVE ADHERED BY LIQUID NATURAL RUBBER." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 58, no. 5 (2020): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/58/5/15014.

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Plastic explosive (PBX) is an explosive that a polymer binder is used to reduce the sensitivity of high explosives for various applications. This paper presents the characteristics of the PBXs based on liquid natural rubber (LNR) and hexogen (RDX). The PBXs are prepared according to a modified formulation of the Composition C-4. The plasticity of the PBXs is determined according to the MIL-STD-650 method 211.1. The uniaxial compression of the PBXs examined by the STANAG 4443. The test of the sensitivity of PBXs to friction is carried out by STANAG 4487. The thermal stability is tested by the STANAG 4556 at 100 oC for 40 hours. The results indicated that the plasticity is found to be more than 0.018 in accordance with the MIL-C-45010A. Further, the modulus of elasticity, yield strength, and strain can be adjusted by the composition of the LNR binder. In addition, the frictional sensitivity of the PBXs is significantly reduced to more 360 N of the load. The thermal stability is in the range of 0.156 to 0.225 ml.g-1 and completely meets technical requirements. Therefore, the direction of using LNR as a binder for PBXs gives acceptable results for further researches.
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Hering, S., and S. Irrgang. "Conversion of substitute tree species stands and pure spruce stands in theOreMountains inSaxony– A Report." Journal of Forest Science 51, No. 11 (2012): 519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4584-jfs.

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The original natural forest ecosystems of the OreMountains(Norway spruce, silver fir, and beech forests) have been destroyed by overcropping since the 11<sup>th</sup> century. In the 19<sup>th</sup> century spruce afforestations on large areas were intended to meet the steadily increasing demand for timber. They led to the introduction of planned forestry by building up spruce age-class forests. Efforts of a few forest specialists to establish an ecologically adapted silviculture failed before long due to economic necessities. The paper presents the results of a complex experimental plot system aiming at the forest conversion in theOreMountains. Answers are given particularly to problems of the upper stand treatment for regeneration and of appropriate ways of soil preparation and planting. A network of forest climate stations and a broad variety of ecophysiological and yield investigations provide the basis for conclusions on light, temperature, soil, and water demand by regenerated tree species.
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Spitzer, T., P. Matušinský, Z. Klemová, and J. Kazda. "Management of sunflower stand height using growth regulators." Plant, Soil and Environment 57, No. 8 (2011): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/75/2011-pse.

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Influence of growth regulators chlormequat chloride, ethephon, trinexapac-ethyl, and a combination of chlormequat chloride and ethephon on decreasing sunflower height was examined in the years 2006–2009. Height was reduced by as much as 63 cm by double application of chlormequat chloride (915 g/ha) + ethephon (465 g/ha) at early and later growth stage (BBCH 32 and 50). Trinexapac-ethyl (375 g/ha) did not affect the height. One-time application of chlormequat chloride (1440–2160 g/ha), chlormequat chloride (458 g/ha) + ethephon (233 g/ha) (BBCH 30 or 50), or ethephon (480 g/ha) (BBCH 30) was sufficient for a ca 30 cm reduction during flowering, but this effect did not last until harvest. With double application (BBCH 30 and 50), reduction lasted until harvest. For ethephon (480 g/ha), application at BBCH 50 reduced height by as much as 35 cm and lasted until harvest. Combining a lower rate of ethephon with ammonium sulfate was effectively equivalent to using a full rate. Flower head diameter at maturity showed no significant negative influence compared to the control. In 2008 and 2009, a delay in flowering onset was observed after applying growth regulators.
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P Sah, S. "Isotope ratios and concentration of N in needles, roots and soils of Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) stands as influenced by atmospheric deposition of N." Journal of Forest Science 51, No. 10 (2012): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4580-jfs.

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This study aims to investigate the changes in isotope ratios in foliage and soils of two Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) forests greatly differing in their atmospheric N deposition and climatic conditions. As expected, both N concentrations and δ<sup>15</sup>N values in needles and roots were found to be significantly higher in the Solling stand (N-saturated) compared to the Hyytialä stand (N-poor). For both stands a typical vertical gradient of the soil <sup>15</sup>N-enrichment was observed. As expected, the soil of N-polluted site (Solling) was <sup>15</sup>N-enriched significantly more than that of N-limited site (Hyytialä) and this is explained by the presence of marked NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup> leaching at the Solling site. Although the annual trends (1990–1994) of N concentration in the foliage of spruce trees remained almost constant, their δ<sup>15</sup>N values significantly decreased with the increasing years of sampling. The <sup>15</sup>N-depletion in spruce needle litter from 1990 to 1995 was by 2.0‰. This is explained by a slight decrease in N deposition at Solling site during this period.
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Cieślak, Katarzyna, Katarzyna Gańczyk-Specjalska, Katarzyna Drożdżewska-Szymańska, Marta Królikowska, and Marcin Jakubczak. "Physicochemical properties and thermal behavior of nitrocellulose granules with eutectic mixtures of stabilizers." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, September 12, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-021-11042-4.

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AbstractExaminations of two-component mixtures, namely: triphenylamine + centralite I (TPA + CI) and triphenylamine + akardite II (TPA + AkaII) were carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which served to determine phase diagrams. Experimental data were described with NRTL model and eutectic points for both systems were determined. For TPA + CI system, they were equal to xEu,TPA = 0.2899, TEu = 62.9 °C, whereas for TPA + AkaII system they amounted to xEu,TPA = 0.7868, TEu = 117.5 °C. Granules contain mixtures of eutectic composition were obtained. The physicochemical and thermal properties of resultant single base granules were studied. The helium density of both granules was approx. 1.47 g cm−3, the average dynamic force amounted to 0.55–0.60 bar−1 s−1, and the calorific value ranged from 3060 to 3095 J g−1. Both granules should be chemically stable for 10 years of storage at 25 °C; they meet the requirements of STANAG 4582 standard. DSC analysis of decomposition processes was used to determine kinetic parameters and to adjust the chemical reaction model of nth order with autocatalysis (CnB). Reaction order ranged from 2.6 to 3.0, while the activation energy was similar (197–198 kJ mol−1). Based on examination of thermal properties, it was observed that both eutectic mixtures of stabilizers prevent the decomposition reaction more efficiently than the use of individual compounds as stabilizers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "STANAG 4586"

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Rugarn, Jonatan. "Rapid Development of Realistic UAV Simulations." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-17099.

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<p>Instrument Control Sweden (ICS) is a software company that develops NATO STANAG 4586 compatible ground station software for control of unmanned systems such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). To perform testing and demonstration of the ground station software ICS needs a realistic UAV simulator that implements the STANAG 4586 protocol. This thesis studies what methods are best suited for the rapid development of such a simulator.</p><p>One goal with the project was to examine what existing flight simulator systems and flight dynamics models can be used to rapidly develop a UAV simulator. Another goal was to design and implement such a simulator. It is found that it’s possible to quickly develop a UAV simulator based on existing projects such as the flight simulator FlightGear, the simulation framework OpenEaagles and the flight dynamics model (FDM) JSBSim.</p><p>The design of the simulator is modular, object-oriented and features real-time design techniques. The main application is a simulation of a Vehicle Specific Module, which implements the STANAG 4586 protocol. Another module based on the OpenEaagles framework simulates the aircraft and its subsystems. A third module consists of the JSBSim FDM and simulates the flight dynamics and movements of the aircraft under the forces and moments affecting it.</p>
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Rodrigues, Alexandre Valério. "Implementação de um tradutor entre STANAG 4586 e MAVLink." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/21018.

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O papel dos Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) tem vindo a ganhar destaque nos últimos anos. Hoje em dia, estes veículos podem ser utilizados nas mais variadas missões, tanto para fins militares como para fins civis. Os UAVs dependem de uma estação de controlo, responsável pelo envio de comandos e pela receção dos dados obtidos pelo veículo. Para existir comunicação entre o UAV e a estação de controlo, é necessária a utilização de protocolos de comunicação. Contudo, ao existirem múltiplos protocolos deste tipo, é verificada uma grande falta de padronização nesta área. A consequência deste problema é a inexistência de interoperabilidade entre sistemas que utilizam protocolos diferentes. Esta dissertação visa responder a este problema através da criação de um tradutor entre dois dos protocolos de comunicação mais frequentemente utilizados: STANAG 4586 e MAVLink. O STANAG 4586 é um standard NATO e procura estabelecer uma uniformização para os UAVs dos países membros. O MAVLink, por sua vez, é um protocolo de comunicação bastante utilizado por vários pilotos automáticos, sendo assim uma referência na sua área. O desenvolvimento de um tradutor permitirá a interoperabilidade entre uma estação de controlo que utilize o standard STANAG 4586 e um UAV que utilize o protocolo MAVLink. Com a utilização do tradutor desenvolvido, não será necessário alterar a estrutura de um UAV para que este seja compatível com o standard STANAG 4586. O sistema proposto é desenvolvido com a linguagem de programação Python e com a utilização de um Raspberry Pi, hardware de fácil inserção em qualquer veículo. Esta investigação conta ainda com a criação de uma biblioteca de mensagens STANAG 4586, que permite a validação e obtenção de resultados nos cenários criados. Desta forma, são então testados vários cenários, através da utilização do simulador Software In the Loop (SITL). Os resultados demonstram que o tradutor realiza a conversão entre os dois protocolos de forma viável, não afetando as comunicações entre o UAV e a estação de controlo. No final são apresentadas conclusões, assim como propostas de trabalho futuro.<br>The role of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has been gaining prominence in recent years. Nowadays, these vehicles can be used in the most varied missions, both for military or civil purposes. The UAVs rely on a control station, responsible for sending commands and for receiving data obtained by the vehicle. In order to have communication between the UAV and the control station, communication protocols are required. However, since there are multiple protocols of this type, there is a great lack of standardization in this area. The consequence of this problem is the deficiency of interoperability between systems using different protocols. This dissertation aims to address this problem by creating a translator between two widely used communication protocols: STANAG 4586 e MAVLink. STANAG 4586 is a NATO standard and seeks to establish a standardization for UAVs country members. MAVLink, however, is a communication protocol broadly used by several autopilots, which makes it a reference in its area. The development of a translator will allow interoperability between a control station using the STANAG 4586 standard and a UAV using the MAVLink protocol. By using the developed translator, it will not be necessary to change the structure of the UAV to make it compatible with STANAG 4586. The proposed system is developed with Python programming language and with the use of a Raspberry Pi, which is easy to insert into any vehicle. In this research, a STANAG 4586 message library is also created, which allows to validate and obtain results from the created scenarios. Accordingly, several scenarios are then tested through the use of the Software In the Loop simulator (SITL). The results prove that the translator performs the conversion between the two protocols in a viable way, without affecting the communications between the UAV and the control station. Conclusions are presented at the end as well as future work proposals.
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Rosa, Gonçalo Daniel Castanheira. "Validação Computacional tendo em vista a Interoperabilidade entre os Veículos Aéreos Não Tripulados." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/15074.

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Nos dias de hoje, com o contínuo desenvolvimento e inovação no campo dos UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehciles), o mundo já tem como adquiridos os benefícios que estes sistemas podem fornecer. Os benefícios obtidos com a aplicação destes sistemas abrange tanto as forças armadas como industrias e organizações civis. Todas as nações e indústrias querem ter uma cota parte no futuro desta tecnologia. Diferentes UAVs foram desenvolvidos, mas estes, diferem em termos de arquitetura e protocolos de comunicação. Protocolos como o STANAG 4586, MAVLink, JAUS e ROS são só alguns exemplos. A proliferação de informação através destes sistemas e as suas consolas de comando e controlo é uma das principais preocupações, principalmente pelas forças armadas. Uma das principais prioridades é combinar forças de diferentes nações, principalmente pelos membros NATO. A necessidade de uma consola para cada tipo de sistema devido à falta de padronização apresenta assim um problema. É conhecida a necessidade de uma padronização em termos de arquitetura por camadas e de comunicação tendo em vista a interoperabilidade entre estes sistemas. Não existe nenhuma que esteja a ser implementada como documento padrão. Pretende-se que o STANAG 4586 seja o documento padrão para os membros NATO e, por conseguinte, todos os esforços estão direcionados em desenvolver sistemas que o consigam implementar. Os diferentes UAVs já existentes possuem o seu próprio protocolo de comunicação e a alteração de toda a sua estrutura não é fácil. A ideia de fazer uma conversão de linguagens como alternativa surge como uma solução teórica ótima. Utilizando um piloto automático que comunica com a sua consola através da linguagem MAVLink esta dissertação tem como objetivo desenvolver um programa computacional que converta as mensagens MAVLink em STANAG 4586 e estudar se o tempo de conversão é operacionalmente válido tendo em conta os requisitos operacionais dos sistemas.<br>Nowadays, in the continuous technological development and innovation regarding UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehciles), the world has acknowledged the benefits that these systems bring to our environment. The profits received with the application of these robots cover almost all the fields regarding the armed forces, environmental and agriculture industries and civil protection organizations. Every nation and industry wants to take part in this future main technology. Different UAVs have been designed and developed that differ in terms of architecture and communication protocols. Frameworks like STANAG 4586, MAVLink , JAUS and ROS are some examples. The proliferation of information through these systems and their command and control consoles is one of the main concerns, mainly by armed forces. Combining forces from different nations, mainly by NATO members, in exercises and real time crisis fights are one of the primary priorities due to the benefits that they can combine. It’s known the necessity of a standard in terms of layered architecture and communication towards the interoperability between these systems. Many standards have been created trying to fulfil this gap but there isn’t one that is currently implemented as the main standard document. The STANAG 4586 is intended to be implemented as the main standard for NATO members and, therefore, all the efforts go towards to develop systems that implement these architecture and communication protocol. The different UAVs already created have their one communication protocol and the redesign of the entire architecture of the systems by one company isn’t easy and could not be convenient or affordable. The idea of doing a conversion of languages instead of redesign all the system architecture emerges as the optimal theoretical solution. Using a PIXHAWK autopilot that communicates to the Ground Control Station (GCS) through MAVLink it’s possible to develop computational software that converts MAVLink messages to the format of STANAG 4586. Starting from there, the objective is to check if it is viable for the protocol requirements and study the delay that the conversion introduces to the system in comparison with the channel without the conversion. The delay must not be inviable for the communication requirements between the GCS and the UAV.
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Book chapters on the topic "STANAG 4586"

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Khan, Navid Ali, N. Z. Jhanjhi, Sarfraz Nawaz Brohi, and Zahrah A. Almusaylim. "Proposing an Algorithm for UAVs Interoperability: MAVLink to STANAG 4586 for Securing Communication." In Intelligent Computing and Innovation on Data Science. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3153-5_44.

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Cesevičiūtė, Ieva, and Gintarė Tautkevičienė. "Research Data Management Support at Kaunas University of Technology." In Advances in Library and Information Science. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4546-1.ch003.

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Kaunas University of Technology is one of the largest technical universities in the Baltic region. The university staff has been involved in different Open Access- and Open Science-related activities for more than a decade. Different initiatives have been implemented: stand-alone and series of training and awareness-raising events, promotion of Open Access and Open Science ideas so that institutions develop their Open Access policies and make their repositories compliant with larger research infrastructures. Within the institution, the initiatives of Open Science are implemented as a result of joint effort of the library, the departments of research, studies, and doctoral school. The current tasks involve revising the institutional Open Access guidelines and facilitating the implementation of data management plans in doctoral studies. In this chapter, the aim is to provide an overview of the efforts highlighting the successes and failures on the way to best practice in research data management support both institutionally and on the national level.
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Taber, Douglass F. "Alkaloid Synthesis: (−)-L-Batzellaside A (Toyooka), Limazepine A (Zemribo), (+)-Febrifugine (Pansare), Amathaspiramide F (Tambar), Allomatrine (Brown), Lyconadine C (Waters), Tabersonine (Andrade)." In Organic Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190646165.003.0057.

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Naoki Toyooka of the University of Toyama prepared (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2013, 2841) the lactam 1 from commercial tri-O-benzyl-D-glucal. Reduction with Dibal followed by coupling of the intermediate with allyltrimethylsilane delivered the piper­idine 2, that was carried on to (−)-L-batzellaside A 3. Ronalds Zemribo of the Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis effected (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 4406) Ireland–Claisen rearrangement of the lactone 4 to give the pyrroli­dine 5 with high geometric control. This was readily converted to limazepine E 6. Sunil V. Pansare of Memorial University used (Synthesis 2013, 45, 1863) an organo­catalyst to set the relative and absolute configuration in the addition of 7 to 8 to give 9. The acyclic stereogenic center of 9 was inverted twice en route to (+)-febrifugine 10. Uttam K. Tambar of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center combined (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 5138) 11 with 12 under Pd catalysis to set the rel­ative configuration of 13. Late-stage bromination completed the synthesis of amathaspiramide F 14. Richard C. D. Brown of the University of Southampton used (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 4596) the sulfinylimine of 15 to direct the stereochemical sense of the addition of 16. The product 17 was carried over several steps to the tetracyclic alkaloid allomatrine 18. Stephen P. Waters of the University of Vermont devised (Org. Lett. 2013, 15, 4226) what appears to be a general route to pyridones. On warming, the acyl azide derived from the acid 19 rearranged to the isocyanate, that cyclized to the pyridone 20. Deprotection led to the Lycopodium alkaloid lyconadin C 21. Among the several creative routes to indole alkaloids that have been put forward in recent months, the synthesis of tabersonine 25 (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 13334) by Rodrigo B. Andrade of Temple University stands out. Deprotonation of 22 led to an anion that was condensed with 23 to give 24, with the relative and absolute configuration directed by the pendant sulfinylimine. In addition to tabersonine, the intermediate 24 was carried on to vincadifformine and to aspidospermidine.
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Conference papers on the topic "STANAG 4586"

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Platts, Jon, Mary Cummings, and Rory Kerr. "Applicability of STANAG 4586 to Future Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." In AIAA Infotech@Aerospace 2007 Conference and Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2007-2753.

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Kayayurt, Baris, and Ihsan Yayla. "Application of STANAG 4586 standard for Turkish Aerospace Industries UAV systems." In 2013 IEEE/AIAA 32nd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc.2013.6712583.

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Yayla, Ihsan. "Application of STANAG 4586 standard for Turkish aerospace industries UAV systems." In 2013 IEEE/AIAA 32nd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasc.2013.6719665.

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Rodrigues, Alexandre Valerio, Rodolfo Santos Carapau, Mario Monteiro Marques, Victor Lobo, and Fernando Coito. "Unmanned systems interoperability in military maritime operations: MAVLink to STANAG 4586 bridge." In OCEANS 2017 - Aberdeen. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceanse.2017.8084866.

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Hochstrasser, Markus, Christoph Krause, Volker Schneider, and Florian Holzapfel. "Model-based Implementation of an Onboard STANAG 4586 Vehicle Specific Module for an Air Vehicle." In AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-0809.

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Smith, P., and W. Biggs. "Securing interoperable and integrated command and control of unmanned systems – building on the successes of Unmanned Warrior." In 14th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition. IMarEST, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.066.

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The objective of more complete integration of unmanned vehicles into maritime command and control systems has been set out in previous papers, as has the progress made through the MAPLE (Maritime Autonomous Platform Exploitation) and the demonstrations undertaken at Unmanned Warrior in 2016. This paper details the significant progress that has subsequently been achieved in the fourth phase of MAPLE, in the run up to a further set of demonstrations in Australia in late 2018. Using a comprehensive synthetic environment and a process of iterative development, the ACER (Autonomy Control Exploitation and Realisation) demonstrator is being updated to include new functionality that closes gaps in the MAPLE visionary Persistent Architecture (PA). Specifically this will introduce enhanced Situational Awareness for the operator during Mission Execution, providing details of UxV asset and payload status. Additional functionality will also provide Payload control. Summarising these developments and outlining their significance, the paper will give illustrations of potential applications. Ahead of the Australian Wizard of Aus demonstrations, under the multinational technology co-operation programme (TTCP) and part of Autonomous Warrior, the MAPLE team will further support the STANAG 4586 interface and will undertake derisking work in preparation for the integration of TTCP vehicles provided by Australia, New Zealand and the US. The paper outlines the relevance of this development and how it will be utilised in the Australian demonstration. Finally, the paper will look forward to the developments planned in both future phase of MAPLE and under QinetiQ’s participation with the multinational EU Ocean 2020 programme.
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