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Books on the topic 'Standard Error of Indices'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 23 June 2025

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1

Edronova, Valentina. Statistics. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1577822.

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In this textbook, the methodology of statistics is presented in the unity of quantitative assessment and meaningful analysis of the state, development, forecast and connections of socio-economic phenomena. The evolution of statistics as a science and its subject, methods of calculating absolute, relative, average indicators in the assessment of socio-economic phenomena are considered. The content and types of statistical observation and summary are described. The characteristic of selective observation and methods of calculating its errors are given. The methods of research of development and forecasting based on the series of dynamics, as well as indices in assessing the development and relationships of phenomena, the basics of correlation and regression analysis of relationships are considered. Meets the requirements of the Federal State educational Standard of higher education of the latest generation in the field of training "Economics". For students studying in economic specialties.

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2

Zeng, Lingjia. Standard errors of linear equating for the single-group design. American College Testing Program, 1991.

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3

Simo, Parpola, and Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, eds. The standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh: Cuneiform text, transliteration, glossary, indices and sign list. The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 1997.

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4

Ziliak, Stephen Thomas. The cult of statistical significance: How the standard error costs us jobs, justice, and lives. University of Michigan Press, 2008.

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5

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. A parallel row-based algorithm with error control for standard-cell placement on a hypercube multiprocessor. Coordinated Science Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1989.

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6

Great Britain. Department of Social Security. Analytical Services Division. The abstract of statistics for social security benefits and contributions and indices of prices and earnings. Government Statistical Service, 2000.

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7

1953-, Banyard Philip, ed. Understanding and using statistics in psychology: A practical introduction, or, How I came to know and love the standard error. SAGE, 2007.

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8

Geological Survey (U.S.), ed. Field evaluation of the error arising from inadequate time averaging in the standard use of depth-integrating suspended-sediment samplers. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2011.

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9

Willem W. S. Van Hees. A comparison of two estimates of standard error for a ratio-of-means estimator for a mapped-plot sample design in Southeast Alaska. U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2002.

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10

Blokdyk, Gerardus. Error management theory: Standard Requirements. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018.

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11

Ratzer, Edward A. Error-Correction on Non-Standard Communication Channels. Lulu Press, Inc., 2011.

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12

Ncc. Ssadm Standard Forms: Elh Error Handling Nattative. Cambridge University Press, 1989.

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13

Siripanich, Pachitjanut Dasnanjali. Estimating root mean squared error in the one-way random model. 1987.

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14

Becker, W. Tables of Ordinary and Extraordinary Refractive Indices, Group Refractive Indices and h'o,x-Curves for Standard Ionospheric Layer Models. Springer, 2014.

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15

Lavender, Randall. KJV : Standard-Bearer or Book of Error?: Five Supposed Errors Examined. Independent Publisher, 2016.

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16

Constructing and Calculating Bond Indices: A Guide to the Effas Standard Rules. Probus Publishing Co., 1994.

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17

1366-1998 IEEE Standard Trial Use Guide for Power Distribution Reliability Indices. Inst of Elect & Electronic, 1999.

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18

Becker, W. Tables of Ordinary and Extraordinary Refractive Indices, Group Refractive Indices and H'o,x(f)-Curves for Standard Ionospheric Layer Models. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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19

The standard Babylonian Etana epic: Cuneiform text, transliteration, score, glossary, indices and sign list. Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2001.

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20

Ziliak, Steve, and Deirdre N. McCloskey. Cult of Statistical Significance: How the Standard Error Costs Us Jobs, Justice, and Lives. University of Michigan Press, 2010.

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21

Tan, Khee Giap, Duy Nguyen, Shida Zhou, and Isaac Yang En Tan. 2017 Annual Indices for Expatriates and Ordinary Residents on Cost of Living, Wages and Purchasing Power for World's Major Cities. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2019.

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22

Tan, Khee Giap, Kong Yam Tan, Minh Khng Vu, and Grace Ee Ling Aw. Annual Indices for Average Residents and Expatriates on Cost of Living, Wages and Purchasing Power for World's Major Cities, 2005-2012. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2014.

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23

Tan, Khee Giap, Kong Yam Tan, Minh Khng Vu, and Grace Ee Ling Aw. Annual Indices for Average Residents and Expatriates on Cost of Living, Wages and Purchasing Power for World's Major Cities, 2005-2012. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd, 2016.

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24

The standard Babylonian epic of Anzu: Introduction, cuneiform text, transliteration, score, glossary, indices and sign list. The Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 2001.

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25

The Cult of Statistical Significance: How the Standard Error Costs Us Jobs, Justice, and Lives. University of Michigan Press, 2008.

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26

Talbert, Matthew. Omission and Attribution Error. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190683450.003.0002.

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Attributionists believe that moral responsibility has mainly to do with how a person is, and with what can be attributed to her for the purposes of moral assessment. Critics of the view have tended to charge that it proposes a standard for blameworthiness that is too easily satisfied. This chapter defends Attributionism from an opposing criticism—one that notes that many agents who are judged blameworthy by common-sense morality do not fulfill the necessary conditions on blameworthiness that Attributionism proposes. In this context, the chapter pays particular attention to cases in which agents commit apparently blameworthy unwitting omissions. It argues that such agents are often not blameworthy and offers an explanation as to why common-sense morality delivers a contrary judgment.

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27

Stock Split Event Study Using Sector-Indices vs. Cdax and Some Extensions of the Standard Market Model. GRIN Verlag GmbH, 2013.

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28

A parallel row-based algorithm with error control for standard-cell placement on a hypercube multiprocessor. Coordinated Science Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1989.

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29

Ferrell, Allen. The Benefits and Costs of Indices in Empirical Corporate Governance Research. Edited by Jeffrey N. Gordon and Wolf-Georg Ringe. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198743682.013.16.

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This chapter reviews the benefits and costs of using indices, in particular the G- and E-indices, in empirical corporate governance research. As with corporate governance itself, the widespread use of corporate governance indices have both costs and benefits. The literature has identified a number of concerns with the use of these indices including concerns over measurement error, endogeneity, reverse causation, omitted variables and proper identification of the actual mechanisms by which corporate governance might matter. On the other hand, these indices enjoy several important benefits that explain their continued and widespread use. It concludes that event study methodology and the utilization of legal shocks/regulatory discontinuities for identification will likely play an ever greater role in future research.

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30

M¨uhlherr, Bernhard, Holger P. Petersson, and Richard M. Weiss. Indices for the Exceptional Bruhat-Tits Buildings. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691166902.003.0036.

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This chapter considers the affine Tits indices for exceptional Bruhat-Tits buildings. It begins with a few small observations and some notations dealing with the relative type of the affine Tits indices, the canonical correspondence between the circles in a Tits index and the vertices of its relative Coxeter diagram, and Moufang sets. It then presents a proposition about an involutory set, a quaternion division algebra, a root group sequence, and standard involution. It also describes Θ‎-orbits in S which are disjoint from A and which correspond to the vertices of the Coxeter diagram of Ξ‎ and hence to the types of the panels of Ξ‎. Finally, it shows how it is possible in many cases to determine properties of the Moufang set and the Tits index for all exceptional Bruhat-Tits buildings of type other than Latin Capital Letter G with Tilde₂.

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31

Ziliak, Steve, and Deirdre N. McCloskey. The Cult of Statistical Significance: How the Standard Error Costs Us Jobs, Justice, and Lives (Economics, Cognition, and Society). University of Michigan Press, 2008.

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32

Liang xing pian cha de xin li fen xi: Liang xing gui fan hua de xin li ji chu = The psychological analysis of sentencing error : psychological foundation for sentencing standard. Ren min fa yuan chu ban she, 2010.

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33

Gerald J. Garner M a. How to Raise Your Social Class Without More Schooling: A Guide to Speaking American Standard English While Keeping Your Accent or Dialect, Correcting Words Used in Error, and Using Words with More Precise Meaning. Page Publishing Inc., 2019.

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34

Tupitsyn, Mikhail, and Paul Lajbcygier. Hedge Fund Replication. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190607371.003.0025.

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In theory, analogous to equity indices, hedge fund indices can provide broad exposure to hedge funds in a cost-effective manner. In practice, however, hedge fund indices are difficult to implement because direct investment in hedge funds is impractical. Unlike equities, hedge funds are not traded on liquid secondary markets and are often closed to new investment. A solution is hedge fund replication, which, rather than require direct investment in hedge funds, synthetically recreates hedge fund index returns by investing in portfolios that are exposed to the same underlying economic factors that drive hedge fund returns. This approach provides broad, cost-effective, hedge fund exposure and avoids the practical problems associated with direct hedge fund investment. As a consequence, such hedge fund clones exhibit lower tracking error and substantially higher raw and risk-adjusted returns than both investible and noninvestible hedge fund indices.

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35

Great Britain: H.M. Treasury. Treasury Minutes : Government Responses on the Fourth to the Eighth Reports from the Committee of Public Accounts : Session 2015-16, 4th Report : Fraud and Error Stocktake ; 5th Report : Care Leavers Transition to Adulthood ; 6th Report : HMRC Standard Report ; 7th Report: Wave One City Deals (Department for Comm. Stationery Office, The, 2016.

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36

Cowell, Frank. Inequality and Poverty Measures. Edited by Matthew D. Adler and Marc Fleurbaey. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199325818.013.4.

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The theory of inequality measurement can be founded on a few very simple principles concerning the comparison of income distributions. This chapter discusses the standard principles and the types of inequality indices that follow from them. It shows how these principles and indices can be related to conventional approaches to social-welfare analysis. Adjusting a few pieces within this same framework enables one to derive alternative, novel types of inequality indices and lays the basis for commonly-used types of poverty indices. The chapter also covers other general approaches to distributional comparisons including first-order and second-order dominance and their interpretation in terms of inequality and poverty.

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37

Singer, Mervyn. Diagnosis and management of pulmonary embolism. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0171.

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Computerized tomographic pulmonary angiography is the current gold standard tool for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Mortality risk stratification based on clinical, imaging, and biochemical indices dictates the treatment strategy employed in an individual patient from outpatient anticoagulation to surgical or percutaneous embolectomy for severe, life-threatening cases.Presentation of acute pulmonary embolism ranges from a chance diagnostic finding in an otherwise asymptomatic patient through to shock and cardiac arrest. The degree of obstruction and the ability (or otherwise) of the patient to compensate for any cardiorespiratory derangement will dictate the symptomatology, clinical findings, and eventual outcome. The scale of medical intervention—ranging from anticoagulation through to thrombolysis and, on occasion, embolectomy—can be based on a variety of clinical, biochemical and imaging risk indices.

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38

Streiner, David L., Geoffrey R. Norman, and John Cairney. Reliability. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199685219.003.0008.

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This chapter reviews the basic theory of reliability, and examines the relation between reliability and measurement error. It derives the standard form of reliability, the intraclass correlation or ICC, from repeated measures ANOVA. The chapter explores issues in the application of the reliability coefficient, including absolute versus relative reliability, the reliability of multiple observations, and the standard error of measurement. It examines several other measures of reliability—Cohen’s kappa, Pearson r, and the method of Altman and Bland—and derives the relation between them and the ICC. The chapter determines the variance of a reliability estimate. It also calculates sample size estimates for reliability studies, and methods to combine reliability estimates in systematic reviews.

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39

Maloney, J. Christopher. Direct Realism and Illusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190854751.003.0008.

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The supposed problem of perceptual error, including illusion and hallucination, has led most theories of perception to deny formulations of direct realism. The standard response to this apparent problem adopts the mistaken presupposition that perception is indeed liable to error. However, the prevailing conditions of observation are themselves elements of perceptual representation, functioning in the manner of predicate modifiers. They ensure that the predicates applied in perceptual representations do indeed correctly attribute properties that perceived physical objects actually instantiate. Thus, perceptual representations are immune to misrepresentation of the sort misguidedly supposed by the spurious problem of perceptual misrepresentation. Granted the possibility that perceptual attribution admits of predicate modification, it is quite possible that perceptual experience permits both rudimentary and sophisticated conceptualization. Moreover, such treatment of perceptual predication rewards by providing an account of aspect alteration exemplified by perception of ambiguous stimuli.

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40

Beattie, R. Mark, Anil Dhawan, and John W.L. Puntis. Nutritional assessment and requirements. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569862.003.0001.

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Nutritional assessment 2Risk factors for undernutrition 3Nutritional intake 4Taking a feeding history 5Basic anthropometry: the assessment of body form 6Growth 7Patterns of growth 15Malnutrition 17Nutritional requirements 19Nutritional status reflects the balance between supply and demand and the consequences of any imbalance. Nutritional assessment is therefore the foundation of nutritional care for children. When judging the need for nutritional support an assessment must be made both of the underlying reasons for any feeding difficulties, and of current nutritional status. This process includes a detailed dietary history, physical examination, anthropometry (weight, length; head circumference in younger children) with reference to standard growth charts, and basic laboratory indices when possible. In addition, skin fold thickness and mid-upper arm circumference measurements provide a simple method for estimating body composition....

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41

Quintana, José Mario, Carlos Carvalho, James Scott, and Thomas Costigliola. Extracting S&P500 and NASDAQ Volatility: The Credit Crisis of 2007–2008. Edited by Anthony O'Hagan and Mike West. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198703174.013.13.

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This article demonstrates the utility of Bayesian modelling and inference in financial market volatility analysis, using the 2007-2008 credit crisis as a case study. It first describes the applied problem and goal of the Bayesian analysis before introducing the sequential estimation models. It then discusses the simulation-based methodology for inference, including Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and particle filtering methods for filtering and parameter learning. In the study, Bayesian sequential model choice techniques are used to estimate volatility and volatility dynamics for daily data for the year 2007 for three market indices: the Standard and Poor’s S&P500, the NASDAQ NDX100 and the financial equity index called XLF. Three models of financial time series are estimated: a model with stochastic volatility, a model with stochastic volatility that also incorporates jumps in volatility, and a Garch model.

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42

Strawson, Galen, and Galen Strawson. Locke on Personal Identity. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691161006.001.0001.

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John Locke's theory of personal identity underlies all modern discussion of the nature of persons and selves—yet it is widely thought to be wrong. This book argues that in fact it is Locke's critics who are wrong, and that the famous objections to his theory are invalid. Indeed, far from refuting Locke, they illustrate his fundamental point. The book argues that the root error is to take Locke's use of the word “person” as merely a term for a standard persisting thing, like “human being.” In actuality, Locke uses “person” primarily as a forensic or legal term geared specifically to questions about praise and blame, punishment and reward. This point is familiar to some philosophers, but its full consequences have not been worked out, partly because of a further error about what Locke means by the word “consciousness.” When Locke claims that your personal identity is a matter of the actions that you are conscious of, he means the actions that you experience as your own in some fundamental and immediate manner. Clearly and vigorously argued, this is an important contribution both to the history of philosophy and to the contemporary philosophy of personal identity.

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43

D’Andrea, Antonello, André La Gerche, and Christine Selton-Suty. Systemic disease and other conditions: athlete’s heart. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198726012.003.0055.

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The term ‘athlete’s heart’ refers to the structural, functional, and electrical adaptations that occur as a result of habitual exercise training. It is characterized by an increase of the internal chamber dimensions and wall thickness of both atria and ventricles. The athlete’s right ventricle also undergoes structural, functional, and electrical remodelling as a result of intense exercise training. Some research suggests that the haemodynamic stress of intense exercise is greater for the right heart and, as a result, right heart remodelling is slightly more profound when compared with the left heart. Echocardiography is the primary tool for the assessment of morphological and functional features of athlete’s heart and facilitates differentiation between physiological and pathological LV hypertrophy. Doppler myocardial and strain imaging can give additional information to the standard indices of global systolic and diastolic function and in selected cases cardiac magnetic resonance imaging may help in the diagnosis of specific myocardial diseases among athletes such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, or arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.

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44

Brazier, John, Julie Ratcliffe, Joshua A. Salomon, and Aki Tsuchiya. Using ordinal response data to estimate cardinal values for health states. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198725923.003.0006.

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There exists a strong methodological foundation for estimating cardinal values from ordinal information, originating in psychology but commonly applied in areas as diverse as consumer marketing, political science, transportation research, and environmental economics. Over recent years there has been a steady rise in the use of these approaches to estimate health state values. Potential advantages claimed for ordinal data collection approaches include relative ease of comprehension and administration, and greater reliability corresponding to reduced measurement error. Another advantage of some types of ordinal data collection methods is that the preferences or judgements they elicit are not contaminated by risk aversion (as in the standard gamble), or by time preference (as in the time trade-off).

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45

Ramers, Christian B. Research Design and Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190493097.003.0051.

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Accurate interpretation of research literature is important as advances are made in the diagnosis and treatment of HIV and its complications. Because of inherent differences in approach, the on-treatment analysis will frequently report better outcomes than will the intent-to-treat analysis. The concept of time-to-loss of virologic response has been replaced by SNAPSHOT analysis as the preferred method of efficacy analysis by the US Food and Drug Administration. New antiretroviral therapy regimens are usually compared to existing standard-of-care regimens using a type of statistical comparison called a non-inferiority analysis. A common error in reporting clinical trial results is not correctly distinguishing between clinical and statistical significance.

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46

Rigorous Numerics in Dynamics: AMS Short Course, Rigorous Numerics in Dynamics, January 4-5, 2016, Seattle, Washington. American Mathematical Society, 2018.

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47

Halperin, Sandra, and Oliver Heath. 15. Quantitative Analysis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198702740.003.0015.

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This chapter deals with quantitative analysis, and especially description and inference. It introduces the reader to the principles of quantitative research and offers a step-by-step guide on how to use and interpret a range of commonly used techniques. The first part of the chapter considers the building blocks of quantitative analysis, with particular emphasis on different ways of summarizing data, both graphically and with tables, and ways of describing the distribution of one variable using univariate statistics. Two important measures are discussed: the mean and the standard deviation. After elaborating on descriptive statistics, the chapter explores inferential statistics and explains how to make generalizations. It also presents the concept of confidence intervals, more commonly known as the margin of error, and measures of central tendency.

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48

Kvanvig, Jonathan L. Skepticism and Fallibilism. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198924821.001.0001.

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Abstract There are two common responses to skepticism, the epistemological claim that knowledge is at least non-existent and perhaps also unachievable, and both are to be avoided. So I argue here. The first response is to succumb to it, trying then to find some adequate basis for life that foregoes presumptions of knowledge. The second response is dismissive, viewing it as an overwrought, hyperbolic response to human limitations, so wrongheaded that nothing beyond a laconic response is needed before returning to important philosophical tasks. Avoiding these responses requires theory development on the part of skepticism and a way of characterizing sensitive fallibilism in contrast to complacent versions of it. These two tasks take up the majority of the chapters, several of which show how theory development on behalf of the skeptic needs to proceed. The hardest part of this project is to characterize the skeptical ideal for matters that we investigate through the use of defeasible reasoning, where the idea of finding an infallibilist standard looks impossible. In spite of this appearance, it is possible to characterize this ideal in terms of reasoning that puts one in full control over the possibility of error. The other task involves characterizing fallibilism in terms of this notion of full control over the possibilities of error, and then developing a version of this view that doesn’t require such full control while at the same time acknowledging, predicting, and explaining how and why such full control appears whenever the language of knowledge is used. The result is an approximationist version of fallibilism that acknowledges that our knowledge is never ideal but is nonetheless close enough to the ideal to be present.

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49

Chau, Anthony T. Magnesium Toxicity. Edited by Matthew D. McEvoy and Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0058.

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Magnesium sulfate is currently the drug of choice for prophylaxis against eclampsia in women with preeclampsia and first-line treatment for eclampsia. In this population, medication administration error is a frequent cause of magnesium toxicity. Symptoms of toxicity are linked to increasing serum concentrations, but routine monitoring is not recommended. Instead, deep tendon reflexes and respiratory rate are the most commonly monitored parameters. However, magnesium serum concentration should be monitored when magnesium toxicity is suspected or in patients at high risk of toxicity. The gastrointestinal and central nervous systems are usually affected first. As the serum concentration becomes extremely high, neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects may occur, leading to respiratory failure and cardiac arrest. In addition to standard advanced life support measures, calcium is the mainstay of treatment and in some cases forced diuresis and dialysis may also be considered.

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50

Korsgaard, Christine M. The Case against Human Superiority. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753858.003.0004.

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This chapter argues that human beings are neither better (because of our moral nature) nor better off (because of our higher capacities) than the other animals. Our moral nature does not make us better because moral standards do not apply to animal action. Our higher capacities do not make us better off because the good of a creature is relative to the creature’s capacities. The two views share a common error. One thing can be better or better off than another only as measured by a standard common to both, not because different standards apply to them. The chapter also offers an explanation of the common intuition that death and certain harms are worse for more cognitively and emotionally sophisticated animals than for cognitively and emotionally simpler ones. While the explanation supports the intuition, doubts are raised about whether death is really less bad for some creatures than others.

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