Academic literature on the topic 'Standard instrument arrival'
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Journal articles on the topic "Standard instrument arrival"
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Sahin Meric, Özlem, and Oznur Usanmaz. "A new standard instrument arrival: the point merge system." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 85, no. 2 (March 15, 2013): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00022661311302742.
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Tian, Yong, Can Xu, Mengyuan Sun, Chao Li, and Ruofei Sun. "Study on Arrival Aircraft Sequencing Based on Optimization of Point Merge Procedure." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (April 22, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6663161.
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With the air transport industry developing dramatically, the problem of flight congestion in the terminal area (TMA) has been aggravated. Particularly for arrival aircraft, the extraholding and delay not only increase the workload of air traffic controllers and aircrew but also reduce the operational efficiency. To struggle with this issue, it is crucial to study how to improve the operational efficiency of arrival aircraft. Under the background of the rapid promotion of Point Merge (PM) procedure program in the busy TMAs in the world, this paper firstly combines the optimization of PM procedure and arrival aircraft sequencing, aiming to maximize the operational benefits of arrival aircraft in TMA. Firstly, the framework of the PM procedure is set up to replace the traditional approach route known as Standard Instrument Arrival (STAR). After that, the PM procedure optimization model is established to provide a better approach route for each arrival aircraft. Then for a flow of arrival traffic, an aircraft sequencing model is established to readjust the landing sequence of arrival aircraft, thus further improving the operational benefits of arrival aircraft. Finally, taking the TMA of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport as the case, we compare the impact of different flight procedures and different landing sequences on the operational benefits of arrival aircraft. The experimental results show that the application of the PM procedure optimization model and sequencing model can effectively improve the operational benefits on the premise of ensuring safety, thus realizing the safe and orderly approach in TMA.
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Lichoń, Daniel, and Marek Orkisz. "Models of the Reference Departure and Arrival IFR Procedures for the Purpose of Research in RPAS Integration in Controlled Airspace." Journal of KONES 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kones-2019-0065.
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Abstract The air operations in controlled airspace performed according to Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) are composed of three main flight phases, i.e. departure, cruise, arrival. Controlled airspace is divided into the terminal area and en-route airspace. The terminal area encloses the departure and arrival phases while the en-route airspace encloses the cruise phase. The IFR procedures are designed for manned aviation to ensure the safety of air operations. Development of the aviation concerns among others the increase in the number of unmanned aviation operations. Currently, on the European level, there is an on-going, long-term program of integration of the unmanned aviation in the uniform (non-segregated) airspace. This work concerns the research in the integration of the Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS) in the IFR procedures of the controlled airports. The objective was to build the reference models of Standard Instrument Departure and Arrival Procedures (SID and STAR). Basing on the procedure design guidelines the models of procedural nominal track, tolerance area, obstacle clearance area, climb or descend gradient, manoeuvres in SID and STAR were done. The guidelines describe the operational minima thus the statistics of existing procedures was done to select the suitable procedure parameters such as a number of navigational points, segments lengths, altitudes, climb or descent gradients. Reference models of SID include straight departure and turning departure procedures. Reference models of STAR include non-precision approach procedures according to used navigational aids, i.e. GNSS, VOR. The reference procedures were numerically implemented which will be used in the further works on RPAS integration problem by simulations of the RPAS ability to execute of the SID and STAR.
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Lichoń, Daniel. "Modelling of the reference STARs procedures in the context of RPAS integration in non-segregated airspace." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92, no. 9 (April 15, 2020): 1385–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-12-2019-0243.
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Purpose This work presents the part of the research in the integration of the remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) in non-segregated airspace. The purpose of this study is to elaborate the reference shape of the Standard Instrument Arrivals (STARs) procedures of controlled airports. The STARs parameters are unique for the aerodromes and depend on navigational aids (NAVAIDs), manoeuvres and aircraft categories. Therefore, the elaboration of reference shapes was advisable in the context of RPAS integration research. Design/methodology/approach The models were based on the procedure design guidelines by International Civil Aviation Organization. The statistics of existing STARs were prepared using Aeronautical Information Publications to determine the representative procedural parameters. Construction of procedural shapes required to define the nominal flight path and tolerance areas. Findings In statistics, the standard deviation of distances was below the determined reference mean values, thus the models were convergent with existing procedures. Research limitations/implications The modelling was limited to initial, intermediate, final and missed approach segments. Arrival segment was not modelled. NAVAIDs include Instrument Landing System Category 1 (in final and missed approach) and very high-frequency omni-directional ranging or global navigation satellite systems (in initial and intermediate approach segments). Practical implications Prepared models may be used in research in the integration of the new types of aerial vehicles in existing air traffic management systems. Originality/value The reference STARs possess commonly used procedural manoeuvres (straight-in, turn, racetrack and base turn) and different NAVAIDs. The parameters of approach segments were determined as representative of the existing procedures. Moreover, the models are suitable to place at arbitrary origin and runway axis bearing.
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Zou, Da Peng. "Study on the First Arrival Cycle Based Analysis Methods for Sound Speed of In Situ Acoustic Measurement in Water." Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (February 2014): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.181.
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The in-situ acoustic measurement is very important in geoacoustics and underwater acoustics. An in-situ acoustic instrument of Attenuation Array is used to measure sound speed of water to examine the different data analysis methods. Based on the first arrival cycle (FAC) judgment method, point judgment based data analysis method (PJDAM) and cross correlation based data analysis method (CCDAM) have the similar results of sound speed as 1479.4±0.6 and 1480.5±2.1 m/s respectively in a wide range of measurement frequency changing from 100kHz to 300kHz, which is very close to the standard sound speed of 1480 m/s of water measured in-situ with CTD. The analysis method will be useful in in-situ measurement of seafloor sediment.
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Brown, R. James, Robert R. Stewart, and Don C. Lawton. "A proposed polarity standard for multicomponent seismic data." GEOPHYSICS 67, no. 4 (July 2002): 1028–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1500363.
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This paper proposes a multicomponent acquisition and preprocessing polarity standard that will apply generally to the three Cartesian geophone components and the hydrophone or microphone components of a 2‐D or 3‐D multicomponent survey on land, at the sea bottom, acquired as a vertical seismic profile, vertical‐cable, or marine streamer survey. We use a four‐component ocean‐bottom data set for purposes of illustration and example. A primary objective is a consistent system of polarity specifications to facilitate consistent horizon correlation among multicomponent data sets and enable determination of correct reflectivity polarity. The basis of this standard is the current SEG polarity standard, first enunciated as a field‐recording standard for vertical geophone data and hydrophone streamer data. It is founded on a right‐handed coordinate system: z positive downward; x positive in the forward line direction in a 2‐D survey, or a specified direction in a 3‐D survey, usually that of the receiver‐cable lines; and y positive in the direction 90° clockwise from x. The polarities of these axes determine the polarity of ground motion in any component direction (e.g., downward ground motion recording as positive values on the vertical‐geophone trace). According also to this SEG standard, a pressure decrease is to be recorded as positive output on the hydrophone trace. We also recommend a cyclic indexing convention, [W, X, Y, Z] or [0, 1, 2, 3], to denote hydrophone or microphone (pressure), inline (radial) geophone, crossline (transverse) geophone, and vertical geophone, respectively. We distinguish among three kinds of polarity standard: acquisition, preprocessing, and final‐display standards. The acquisition standard (summarized in the preceding paragraph) relates instrument output solely to sense of ground motion (geophones) and of pressure change (hydrophones). Polarity considerations beyond this [involving, e.g., source type, wave type (P or S), direction of arrival, anisotropy, tap‐test adjustments, etc.] fall under preprocessing polarity standards. We largely defer any consideration of a display standard.
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Noriega, Oscar, Hoi Ho, and Justin Wright. "The Application of Hand-Held Ultrasound Scanner in Teaching of Telemedicine and Rural Medicine." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 1 (2014): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1340.
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ABSTRACT Stethoscope, the symbol of modern medicine has been in place for more than 150 years. However, this reliable diagnostic instrument has started showing its age with the arrival of a newer diagnostic instrument: the hand-held ultrasound. Hand-held ultrasound is rapidly expanding in many specialties but not yet in obstetrics and gynecology. There is a paucity of literature on the application of hand-held ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology, in contrast to a large volume of literature published by other specialties. Several studies demonstrated that medical students and residents can improve the accuracy of their physical examinations with the use of hand-held ultrasound. Similarly, physical examinations performed by hospitalists with hand-carried ultrasound are more accurate than those performed without the instrument. Advances in technology have contributed to the improvement of image quality and portability. As a result, these devices become increasingly available in many clinical settings such as point of care, telemedicine and rural medicine. The quality of ultrasound images of the hand-held scanner is inferior to those of standard laptop ultrasound. However, the hand-held ultrasound requires much less time for setup. Although there have been recommendations for training guidelines for operators of hand-held ultrasound, standards for optimal training to achieve level of competency have not been determined. How to cite this article Wright J, Noriega O, Ho H. The Application of Hand-Held Ultrasound Scanner in Teaching of Telemedicine and Rural Medicine. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;8(1):87-91.
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Sedláček, Jaroslav. "Comparison of Valuation of Financial Instruments according to the International and Czech Accounting Standards in the Context of Performance Reporting." Financial Assets and Investing 7, no. 1 (March 31, 2016): 34–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/fai2016-1-2.
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The paper is devoted to a comparison of the valuation of financial instruments according to the international and Czech accounting standards in the context of performance reporting of trade corporations. Differences in valuation and reporting of financial instruments are examined in connection with the upcoming amendments to the international accounting standards, which are currently the subject of scientific and expert discussions. The research focused on the comparison of classification methods of financial instruments according to the international and Czech standards and the resultant methods of recognition, valuation and reporting with the aim of identifying possible differences. The research arrived at the discovery of what causes the differences and the assessment of their impact on the financial statements of trade corporations. A different concept of accruals on long-term receivables and variant calculations of present value affected the amount of the reported balance sheet as well as performance. Calculations of specific values of differences in financial instruments are made in two model examples in the categories Held-to-maturity investments (HTMI) and Loans and receivables (L&R), both from the viewpoint of owners, as well as from the perspective of debtors. The development of these differences in time is described graphically. The differences in the reported values manifested themselves in overvaluation or undervaluation during the life of the financial instrument, but the values were identical at the time of their maturity. It has been proved that differences between the reported financial situation and the performance of trade corporations persist even after the amendment to the Czech accounting legislation, and it is necessary to take them into account in financial analysis.
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HANGARTNER, DOMINIK, ELIAS DINAS, MORITZ MARBACH, KONSTANTINOS MATAKOS, and DIMITRIOS XEFTERIS. "Does Exposure to the Refugee Crisis Make Natives More Hostile?" American Political Science Review 113, no. 2 (December 27, 2018): 442–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055418000813.
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Although Europe has experienced unprecedented numbers of refugee arrivals in recent years, there exists almost no causal evidence regarding the impact of the refugee crisis on natives’ attitudes, policy preferences, and political engagement. We exploit a natural experiment in the Aegean Sea, where Greek islands close to the Turkish coast experienced a sudden and massive increase in refugee arrivals, while similar islands slightly farther away did not. Leveraging a targeted survey of 2,070 island residents and distance to Turkey as an instrument, we find that direct exposure to refugee arrivals induces sizable and lasting increases in natives’ hostility toward refugees, immigrants, and Muslim minorities; support for restrictive asylum and immigration policies; and political engagement to effect such exclusionary policies. Since refugees only passed through these islands, our findings challenge both standard economic and cultural explanations of anti-immigrant sentiment and show that mere exposure suffices in generating lasting increases in hostility.
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Rizany, Ichsan. "The Relationship between Waiting Time and Patient Satisfaction in The Outpatient of Public Hospital in Banjarbaru." IJNP (Indonesian Journal of Nursing Practices) 5, no. 1 (June 2, 2021): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/ijnp.v5i1.10275.
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Background: Outpatients often complain about hospital services, one of which is waiting time. High complaints have an impact on patient satisfaction. Currently, in several outpatient rooms at the hospital, long queues and long waiting times frequently occur.Objective: This study aims to determine the correlation between waiting time and patient satisfaction at Public Hospital.Method: This study used a non-experimental approach with a cross-sectional design. Samples were 93 patients selected by using random sampling technique at the public hospital in Banjarbaru city. The instruments used were the patient satisfaction questionnaire and waiting time observation. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results: The results showed that 35 (37.6%) patients felt the standard waiting time according to regulations from the ministry of health (60 minutes), while 55 (59.1%) patients were satisfied with the services provided. There was a significant relationship between waiting time and patient satisfaction (p-value = 0.021).Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a relationship between waiting time and patient satisfaction. Hospitals can implement online registration and manage the arrival of doctors in outpatient care so that waiting times and patient satisfaction can be managed according to minimum service standards
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Standard instrument arrival"
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Zouhar, Jakub. "Problematika zavádění Continuous descent approach a jejich dopad na kapacitu vzdušného prostoru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231492.
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This master’s thesis is focused on the continuous descent approach procedure and its impact on the airspace capacity. The first part is devoted to the theoretical description of the procedure and the assessment of the current situation in implementation of continuous descent approach at the European airports. The impact on the airspace capacity is demonstrated by a detailed analysis of the procedure application at Praha – Ruzyně airport. The aim of the analysis is to define critical areas that have to be solved before permanent application of the procedure. In the following chapters there are presented possible solutions of conflict spots in the current operational environment and in the future after implementation of 4D trajectory concept as well. The last part is focused on the application of continuous descent approach at Praha – Ruzyně airport after the construction of a parallel runway.
Book chapters on the topic "Standard instrument arrival"
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Deb, Mahuya. "Evaluating the Organizational Hierarchy Using the IFSAW and TOPSIS Techniques." In Fuzzy Systems [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95979.
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Performance evaluations in organizations are viewed as ideal instruments for evaluating and rewarding the employee’s performance. While much emphasis is laid onto the administering of the evaluation techniques, not much thought has been laid out on assessing the contributions of each hierarchical level. Moreover the manifold decision making criteria can also impact the measurement of pertinent contributions because of their ambivalent characteristics. In such a scenario, intuitionistic fuzzy multi-criteria decision making can help strategists and policy makers to arrive at more or less accurate decisions. This paper restricts itself to six decision making criteria and adopts the intuitionistic fuzzy simple additive weighting (IFSAW) method and TOPSIS method to evaluate and rank the employee cadres. The results obtained were compared and both the methods revealed that the middle management displayed impeccable performance standards over their other counterparts.
Conference papers on the topic "Standard instrument arrival"
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Combs, Lonn, and Filip Tejchman. "Visioning Energy: Environmental Simulation, Visualization and the Instrumental Nature of Energy." In AIA/ACSA Intersections Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.inter.16.5.
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A glance at the recent history of the evolving conceptual relationship between energy and building related disciplines, reveals the coextensive emergence of tools and crisis. Whether economic, environmental, technological or cultural, these conditions are shadowed by an analogous — and exponential — leap in the power of computing along with a reciprocal decline in its cost (Figure1). Moreover, it is not a coincidence that the progressive growth of computation based tools used in the evaluation of interior atmospheres is paralleled by similar historic benchmarks in twentieth-century environmentalism. First adopted in 1965, the ASHRAE Standard 55 (Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy), for example, established a metric for indoor thermal comfort, and arrived during an era which saw the first energy crisis and also began to consider the impact of buildings within ecologies.
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Sahay, Chittaranjan, Suhash Ghosh, Joseph Daniel Premkumar, and Siva Pooja Ramachandran. "Effect of Filter Type and Filter Size on Roundness/Circularity Measurement Using Different Mathematical Algorithms." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-23575.
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Abstract In the manufacturing industry, it is almost inconceivable to produce a rotating component without a minimal amount of roundness tolerance. The importance of studying roundness form deviations of circular and cylindrical features is to avoid the excessive lateral or axial runout deviations of the rotating and reciprocating parts during dynamic operations. Considering the precision that industries require now and will require in the future, the authors of this article have chosen roundness (also called circularity per ASME Standards) as the measurable parameter. In order to arrive at precise results, the roundness of a near-to-perfect cylinder is measured on an accurate spindle and turn-table type measuring instrument. Roundness profile, when measured, can be filtered in various ways to reduce or eliminate unwanted details, with a cut-off value set in terms of undulations per revolution (UPR), which gives valuable information about how the component may function, under specific conditions. Looking at real-life roundness graphs it is clear that information exists in the data at different frequencies. A classic example is ovality, which indicates an irregularity that occurs two times in one complete revolution. The workpiece would be said to have two lobes or two UPR. Multiple lobes may be present on a component, a condition contributing to either problems of fit with mating components or part functionality. Additionally, usage of recommended or generalized filter, yields data that approximately lies in the range of acceptability. Thus, there is a strong need to thoroughly understand the effect of filter size and type on roundness (form error for fit) and part functionality. Many published articles have investigated novel filters to accurately and efficiently calculate roundness. However, no work was found in literature that would present the filter size and type selection criteria and correlate it with roundness depending on mathematical method of calculating roundness and further to part functionality. This paper focusses on the investigation of filter type and size effect on roundness based on different mathematical methods of roundness error calculations. By varying parameters like the filter type (Gaussian 50%, 75% and RC Filters), the filter sizes (1 through 500 UPR) and the methods of measuring the roundness — (Least Squares Circle (LSC), Minimum Circumscribed Circle (MCC), Maximum Inscribed Circle (MIC) and Minimum Zone Circles or Separation (MZC or MZS)), roundness at different heights of the workpiece is evaluated. A clear trend is observed from the results, which can further help one to choose filters and their respective sizes for the respective design intent or the application in question.