Relevant bibliographies by topics / Standardization environent

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Academic literature on the topic 'Standardization environent'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Standardization environent"

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이건봉. "External Environments and Standardization." International Commerce and Information Review 16, no. 2 (March 2014): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15798/kaici.16.2.201403.69.

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Lam, David M., Ronald K. Poropatich, and Gary R. Gilbert. "Telemedicine Standardization in the NATO Environment." Telemedicine Journal and e-Health 10, no. 4 (December 2004): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/tmj.2004.10.459.

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Pati, Debajyoti, Carolyn Cason, Thomas E. Harvey, Jennie Evans, and Andrea M. Erwin. "The Biomechanics of Patient Room Standardization." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 5, no. 2 (January 2012): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/193758671200500204.

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Background: The prevailing focus on cognitive load reduction in healthcare environment standardization excludes a domain of healthcare delivery that could contribute significantly to safety and efficiency through standardization, but it has escaped discussion in the context of the biomechanics of care delivery. Inappropriate biomechanics not only can harm caregivers but compromise care delivery. Little, however, is known regarding the biomechanics of patient care and the way it interacts with the configurational issues typically targeted in healthcare environment standardization. Objectives: Examine the types of potentially harmful or stressful actions exhibited by nurses during patient care delivery in an acute medical/surgical setting. Examine the sources influencing unsafe actions. Method: Twenty nurses provided three types of simulated care in an experimental setting involving nine care configurations that were systematically manipulated. A kinesiology expert coded 80 simulation segments representing two types of task and two levels of environmental challenge to identify potentially stressful and harmful actions. Exploratory and regression analyses were conducted on the data. Results: Analysis suggests that a considerable proportion of potentially harmful and stressful actions are associated with the design of the physical elements as opposed to the configurational factors typically addressed in standardization. Both of these factors interact to produce work-arounds that result in unsafe actions. Conclusion: The standardization of healthcare environments needs a larger framework to address both cognitive lapses and the biomechanics of care delivery.
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Rigault, M., V. Brinnel, G. Aldering, P. Antilogus, C. Aragon, S. Bailey, C. Baltay, et al. "Strong dependence of Type Ia supernova standardization on the local specific star formation rate." Astronomy & Astrophysics 644 (December 2020): A176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201730404.

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As part of an on-going effort to identify, understand and correct for astrophysics biases in the standardization of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) for cosmology, we have statistically classified a large sample of nearby SNe Ia into those that are located in predominantly younger or older environments. This classification is based on the specific star formation rate measured within a projected distance of 1 kpc from each SN location (LsSFR). This is an important refinement compared to using the local star formation rate directly, as it provides a normalization for relative numbers of available SN progenitors and is more robust against extinction by dust. We find that the SNe Ia in predominantly younger environments are ΔY = 0.163 ± 0.029 mag (5.7σ) fainter than those in predominantly older environments after conventional light-curve standardization. This is the strongest standardized SN Ia brightness systematic connected to the host-galaxy environment measured to date. The well-established step in standardized brightnesses between SNe Ia in hosts with lower or higher total stellar masses is smaller, at ΔM = 0.119 ± 0.032 mag (4.5σ), for the same set of SNe Ia. When fit simultaneously, the environment-age offset remains very significant, with ΔY = 0.129 ± 0.032 mag (4.0σ), while the global stellar mass step is reduced to ΔM = 0.064 ± 0.029 mag (2.2σ). Thus, approximately 70% of the variance from the stellar mass step is due to an underlying dependence on environment-based progenitor age. Also, we verify that using the local star formation rate alone is not as powerful as LsSFR at sorting SNe Ia into brighter and fainter subsets. Standardization that only uses the SNe Ia in younger environments reduces the total dispersion from 0.142 ± 0.008 mag to 0.120 ± 0.010 mag. We show that as environment-ages evolve with redshift, a strong bias, especially on the measurement of the derivative of the dark energy equation of state, can develop. Fortunately, data that measure and correct for this effect using our local specific star formation rate indicator, are likely to be available for many next-generation SN Ia cosmology experiments.
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Slesarev, Mikhail, and Nguyen Dinh Dap. "“Green” standards will ensure safe living environment." MATEC Web of Conferences 196 (2018): 04022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819604022.

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The paper introduces the concept of “green” standardization of living environment technologies and “green” innovative products to shape the most likely transition to a new nature-like technological paradigm, which will replace the existing energy-consuming equipment and technology paradigm leading to global ecological collapse in the future. “Green” standardization of the future is necessary to assess compliance and to examine safety and nature-likeness of the newest technologies being developed from among promising breakthrough technologies and to assess compliance of “innovative” products with the requirements of bio-positivity, comfort and safety.
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Beke, Jenő. "International Accounting Standardization in the Changing Economic Environment." Gazdaság és Társadalom 2012, Különszám (2012): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21637/gt.2012.00.07.

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Abseitov, E. T., and N. M. Dzhumadilova. "The role of standardization in safety the environment." Bulletin of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Technical Science and Technology Series 124, no. 3 (2018): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7263-2018-124-3-15-19.

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Benuzh, Andrey, and Ekaterina Orenburova. "Standardization of green building technologies for environment design." MATEC Web of Conferences 86 (2016): 05014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20168605014.

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Joslin, C., T. Di Giacomo, and N. Magnenat-Thalmann. "Collaborative virtual environments: from birth to standardization." IEEE Communications Magazine 42, no. 4 (April 2004): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2004.1284925.

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Bosk, Emily A. "Iron Cage or Paper Cage? The Interplay of Worker Characteristics and Organizational Policy in Shaping Unequal Responses to a Standardized Decision-Making Tool." Social Problems 67, no. 4 (September 11, 2019): 654–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spz028.

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Abstract Studies are largely optimistic about the ability of standardized procedures to constrain decision-makers’ biases and produce more equitable results across fields. However, work that embraces standardization as an equalizing force stands in contrast to research on standardization and street-level bureaucrats, which asserts that standardized procedures are not self-actuating and cannot be understood apart from the environments in which they are used. I examine how frontline workers vary in their approach to an actuarial-based tool intended to standardize judgments. In a highly controlled decision-making environment, child welfare workers whose racial and sex characteristics afford them higher status report subverting the tool; conversely, workers in the same position whose ascriptive characteristics yield them lower status in terms of race and sex describe following the rules. In an environment where the same tool is adopted only ceremonially, all workers experience decision-making as unconstrained, regardless of their ascriptive characteristics. This work fills gaps in knowledge about how social status and organizational context intersect to affect rule abidance. Examining these dynamic relationships advances understanding of how organizations reproduce inequality and the limits and potential for standardization to transform social hierarchies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Standardization environent"

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Kivimäki, A. (Anri). "Wireless telecommunication standardization processes—actors' viewpoint." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2007. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284137.

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Abstract Information and communication technology are among the fastest growing industry sectors globally. One enabler for fast grow is created standards, which enables compatibility between technologies. This dissertation aims to create new knowledge concerning how standardization affects businesses that develop and sell technologies and technology-based products and services. More precisely this study focuses on the wireless telecommunication, which needs standards to function globally. This globalization and standardization development sets requirements for companies and organizations in the business; they are expected to be flexible, innovative, efficient, international, well resourced and cooperative. In order to achieve this on a global scale multiple actors – such as manufacturers, operators and developers – need to negotiate with a number of regional standardization bodies. The standardization environment is under constant change; however, standards as such should remain stable. Understanding standardization processes has become important because new technologies, new forms of business organizations, trade issues and new institutions are emerging. All actors' in the standardization process should more thoroughly understand their role in the process, and recognize the important relations between the stages. From the actors' point of view the most beneficial issue in the wireless standardization process are networking and legitimacy of the process. In this research we are interested in researching empirically how actors' can possibly benefit from standardization processes in their businesses. As actors' we regard as manufacturers, operators, regulators, standardization organizations and SMEs. It is important to identify key factors/inhibitors that shape the standardization process from the actors' point of view. The theoretical framework of this study is built on the institutional theory. This theory provides a perspective as to how the actors can assimilate and act as part of the standardization environment. The broad reach of the institutional perspective is its major strength, making it potentially relevant to all levels of analyzis and all time spans, from micro-level interactions to large-scale changes in nation-states. Standardization creates opportunities for actors such as market and technology insights, internationalizing, and networking. The a priori dynamic process model developed shows the complexity and length of the wireless standardization process. From the process point of view the important points are the openness of the process, networking, cooperation, technological points and changes in the process. The new points which arose from the material include IPR issues, research, open atmosphere, globalization, licensing issues, flexible working procedure and interpretation of standards and document management. The empirical data of this study is derived by interviews. The interviews were carried out during autumn 1998, 2000 and winter 2004. 35 experts were interviewed from different bodies involved in 3rd generation wireless standardization and software companies.
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Rosenau, W. Paul. "Development standardization : its origins, implementation and effect on the residential environment." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26907.

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The built environment has evolved through a layering process of both human needs and aspirations. We as a society 'Worship' the remnants of these richly varied and complex environments. In the previous 100 years, however, our environment has become a battleground for survival on many levels: environmental health, societal boundaries and quality of life. The so-called haphazard mode of environmental development was proceeding so quickly that 'MAN', through organization and control, sought to harness rampant growth by providing a mechanism to, in essence, protect us from ourselves. This mechanism was development standardization. Zoning and subdivision standards initially had a very positive effect on residential districts. They achieved the desired objective of improving the health, safety and welfare of local citizens. To remain a successful regulatory mechanism, however, requires frequent review. (Generally government regulations are continually reviewed because of a need to respond to current reality - a typical example is tax reform laws). This is especially true for development regulation, which necessarily must respond to the rapidly changing and dynamic evolution of the North American city and its peoples. In the case of residential development standards, however, there has been a lack of policy review resulting in a back-water of no change to the standard. Development standards, that were a direct response to mass housing development in the early nineteen hundreds, in many instances are still in place in municipalities in the Greater Vancouver area and likely throughout many other North American cities as well. It is apparent that the very standards that were invoked to ensure residential quality are now preventing development from creating that quality. At the core of the issue of planning and design standards is the lack of understanding of these two disciplines - by each other and by the public. As a result, in many instances both planners and the public equate design with a simple problem solving process according to explicit rules - the standards. Herein lies the core of the problem. This misrepresentation of design and what it stands for in terms of environmental quality. This misunderstanding has greatly influenced the world we live in and this influence as of late is not of the positive nature. The thrust of this thesis is an exploration of the issue of design in the context of residential development standards. What are the standards which influence/impact residential development? What were the objectives for which these standards were originally implemented? How do the standards currently support the implementation of recognized design principles which lead to high quality environments? What kind of residential world is created by adherence to the standards and what opportunities are lost? It is evident from this study that while the mechanism and often the mathematical formula of development standardization have remained relatively constant during the past half century, the city and the city dweller have not. Most new neighbourhoods in today's North American city lack identity, character and quality environment due to a set of zoning and subdivision standards that are antiquated and often based on arbitrary numbers. The case study examples of Village Homes in California and Ashcroft subdivision in Richmond, illustrate that conventional development standards prevent adherence to established residential design principles and that the nature of development standards is such that they are unable to contend with important and often basic design issues that are not amenable to simple arithmetic formula and measurement. It is also clear that standards not only adversely effect the physical condition of the residential environment, but also the people involved in the process of designing, constructing and regulating residential development. The designer is disillusioned, the developer confused, and the planner misfocused. The result is poor design, poor development, and poor planning. The failure to adopt and implement consistent and up-to-date policies and objectives for residential development standards has lead to the creation of stale, un-inviting, un-interesting and characterless living environments. The lesson to be learned here is that planners must first become more in tune with the issues and principles of design and second they must not be afraid to question established planning mechanisms. We therefore must ensure that a) the best mechanism is being employed and b) that it is based on appropriate and current policies and objectives that are leading to a better residential environment.
Applied Science, Faculty of
Community and Regional Planning (SCARP), School of
Graduate
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El-Houjeiri, Hassan M. "The standardization of major Well-to-Wheel models : measuring uncertainty on a macro level." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9fee3138-0149-4128-9ccb-a310a8ae7abe.

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This project concentrated upon the development of the Standardization Transport Model (STM) by assembling the largest possible assessment platform. It combines data from all of the major Well-to-Wheel (WtW) models in the field. The STM was developed for each chain under study by formulating the data in the major databases so that the Well-to-Tank processes covered Feedstock Production, Feedstock Transport, Fuel Production and Fuel Distribution. With the addition of Tank-to-Wheel data, a comprehensive STM was obtained for each chain. For each stage there is a range of values that was characterized by a probability distribution and through the use of Monte Carlo simulation the distribution was sampled and overall values for the total energy consumption, in MJ/km, and total GHG emissions in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilometre (gCO2eq/km) were generated. By statistical means these distributions were compared to assess the risk of debt as well as the likelihood of major savings if they were to be implemented. The scope of the analysis was limited to passenger cars transport and does not include other forms of road transport. Major classic WtW models may account for subjective uncertainty in the input parameters of the model but with a default set of inputs which represents only one database and one set of modelling assumptions and choices. This individualism and determinism in the WtW modelling nowadays explains the significant discrepancies that arise across the results from different models. The level of variation presented poses a major problem in the context of policy making and strategic planning. The generation of the STM rests upon the convection that a synthesis which generates a statistically relevant aggregate of the different WtW results from the different models of the major expert groups would eliminate the present inconsistencies and deliver the reliability required for making robust strategic decisions. Advantage was taken of the richness of the STM outputs to assess the sensitivity of the results and identify the major factors of disagreement within the expert systems. Here the STM presents the largest platform of comparison and the most comprehensive evaluation of the different WtW models in the field. The provision of such a sensitivity analysis was not possible without allowing for variation in the elements of the model as done using the STM. Secondly, the key outputs of the model were compared under the criterion of sustainability from both energy and environmental perspectives. This was done by the synthesis of a first-of-its-kind distribution of the difference between the conventional system and the alternative system for each option under study. The output reflects as complete a population as possible of what may occur in reality in terms of direct impact on sustainability. This method of comparison was not possible without synthesizing an aggregate of possibilities as done using the STM. Thirdly, synergies with the power sector were studied to identify which strategies delay the global reduction in GHG emissions and which are to be preferred from an overall perspective. Here the author lead the transport research community in looking on the global benefits of alternative transport systems, rather than only looking through the window of the transport sector, by redrawing the boundary for the analysis of prospective transport systems. Last and not least, the outcomes of the comparative analyses of the STM results were aggregated into a proposed strategic framework for carbon and energy reduction in passenger cars transport. The strategic framework is placed into perspective by building a set of future scenarios and scaling the effect for the progressive implementation of these scenarios and making a comparison with the business-as-usual forecast. The creation of an energy economy based on hydrogen fuel was found to be a highly questionable objective because electrically driven vehicles are superior with regard to systems that are either nuclear resourced or based on non-biomass renewables. For hydrogen, only the option from waste wood via gasification was found to be very attractive. However because only a minor role for hydrogen is foreseen, it is envisaged that the development of a hydrogen infrastructure would not be feasible. Therefore the use of hydrogen will be constrained to decentral systems or central systems with liquid hydrogen distribution. With regard to cultivated biomass, the sugar ethanol options are the best in terms of land use with sugarcane having the advantage of being economic and available for short-term penetration. The safe implementation of sugar ethanol, which includes avoidance of CO₂ emissions from indirect land use change and low fertilizers use, guarantees significant savings and have a good potential for large CO₂ emissions savings. Generally due to land use limitation cultivated biomass based options cannot be sustained on the long term. Last and not least, the CO2 emissions savings from clean coal technology is questionable without CCS technology and even though with the implementation of CCS no significant savings are certain. On the other hand, besides the transport sector the power sector is another major sector of energy resource consumption and careful consideration of any synergies between the sectors is essential for the completeness of the analysis. The strategy in which the use of alternatives such as NG, nuclear and renewables is not diversified but fed only into the power sector is to be preferred as this avoids possible CO₂ emissions from indirect resource use change, and it also isolates the power market to maintain upstream energy security. Finally, the answer to whether it is still possible to save the World from the disastrous consequences of Global Warming is a preliminary "yes" but requires the development and implementation of a complete technology package including nuclear power which is widely debated at the present.
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Campbell, Charlene. "Burnout in a customer services environment / C. Campbell." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/368.

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The recent worldwide shift in focus from goods production to service provision in Western countries has resulted in the expansion of the service sector. The front-line worker has become a central figure in the new workplace, forming an important link between the company and the customer. The nature of the interaction between customer service staff and clients influences the perceived quality of service rendered by the company. Call centre work requires a high degree of personal contact with the public and the performance of emotional labour. Previous research found emotional labour to be a significant predictor of burnout. Given the above scenario, the lack of empirical research that systematically investigates burnout in a customer services environment in South Africa is a source of concern. The objectives of this study were to determine the construct validity and internal consistency of the Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) (Schaufeli, Leiter, Maslach & Jackson, 1996) in a customer services environment, and to compare the relationship of burnout with various demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional survey design was used. The study population consisted of an accidental sample of customer services personnel (N = 228). The Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) was used to determine the level of burnout in the participants. A biographical questionnaire was used to gather additional information. Structural equation modelling (SEM) methods as implemented by AMOS were used to test the factorial model for the MBI-GS. Cronbach alpha coefficients and inter-item correlation coefficients were used to assess the internal consistency and construct validity of the MBI-GS. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. T-tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to determine differences between the sub-groups in the sample. Tukey tests were done to indicate which groups differed significantly when ANOVAS were done. The results confirmed a three-factor model of burnout, consisting of Exhaustion, Cynicism and Professional Efficacy. All three factors showed acceptable internal consistencies. The results also showed that customer service staff who measured high on exhaustion and cynicism (compared with those who measured low) experienced less job satisfaction.
Thesis (M.A. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.
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Dietrich, Katrina, and Giorgos Angelakis. "Services Marketing in a Cross-Cultural Environment: Elekta in Germany." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-16249.

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Abstract Title: Services Marketing in a Cross-Cultural Environment: Elekta in Germany Level: Master Thesis in Business Administration Author: Katrina Dietrich & Giorgos Angelakis Supervisor: Maria Fregidou-Malama Examiner: Akmal Hyder Date: 2014-January   Aim: This study aims to examine how culture, trust, network and standardization/adaption are applied within the Service Marketing of Elekta in Germany and if they overcome the characteristics of Services within a culturally different environment.   Method: The research uses qualitative data, applies a single case study, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to collect primary data.   Result & Conclusions: The applied model shows that Elekta uses a balance between adaptation and standardization as well as applies trust and network under awareness and use of the German culture. These factors are used in combination and are influencing each other in order to create a homogeneous and tangible service.   Suggestions for future research: The case study indicates that one company is subject of the study in one country, hence generalization cannot be achieved. Therefore future research of other countries and other service industries can extend this research.   Contribution of the thesis: This research stresses the importance of culture, adaptation/ standardisation and trust and networks in cross-cultural services marketing of Elekta. It shows how heterogeneity and intangibility are influenced by the variable trust, network, adaptation/ standardization and culture.
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Gutehall, Stefan. "Health Services Marketing in a Cross-Cultural Environment: Elekta in Hong Kong." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-14202.

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Aim: The aim of this research is to explore how the process variables adaptation/standardization, trust and networks are utilized when handling the service characteristics heterogeneity and intangibility when services are introduced in new culture, in this case in Hong Kong. Method: The method chosen for the study was case study and primary qualitative data collection was made through semi-structured interviews with seven key persons at Elekta. Result and Conclusions: Results from this work indicate that networks, trust and adaptation/standardization are important variables for handling heterogeneity and intangibility in survives. It also shows that adaptation and standardization needs to be carefully balanced to achieve the optimum effect. The study show that the process model do have a basis for use in identifying how the adaptation/standardization, trust and networks might be utilized to reach a successful balance during service entry in a new culture, partly through the use of Hofstede’s 5 cultural dimensions together with time as a new variable. Suggestions for future research: For future research service introductions in other cultures need to be studied, both by Elekta as well as other service companies outside the MedTech Area. As a further expansion and for future generalization of the model, reversed studies should also be made where foreign companies entry into Sweden is studied. The possibilities of integrating culture closer into the process model also need to be explored as well as the inclusion of the time dimension in the relationship process. Contribution of the thesis: The thesis contributes to academic research in that it expands on the current state of theory and integrates Hofstede’s 5 cultural dimensions closer to existing models as well as including the time variable of relationship development. On a managerial perspective it provides the basis for a tool to show how, in practice, managers might act when introducing their business in a new culture. Finally it has a social dimension in that further research into a narrow field, increases the overall understanding of intercultural mechanisms.
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Guadiana, Juan M., Muhanad S. Manshad, Scott A. Morris, and Robert A. McKinley. "Towards Interoperable Seamless Telemetry Display Environments." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/581649.

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ITC/USA 2012 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Eighth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2012 / Town and Country Resort & Convention Center, San Diego, California
This paper discusses the current development of all-in-one telemetry displays. This system provides a self-configuring environment utilizing common telemetry display objects that setup and deploy. Often range display systems require frequent revision to reason with changing requirements. The display is rendered accordingly as a strip-chart equivalent or other element, per requirements from a flight safety officer for example. Our reusable code system approach is based on a novel abstraction of the display elements. The approach may be deployed beyond the decommutation stage as is typically done or interface directly to a plug in software decommutator. This system's plug-and-play functionality facilitates rapid deployment of interoperable Department of Defense (DOD) range displays and recorders.
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Poulis, Konstantinos. "'International' marketing in one country : standardization and adaptation strategies of fast-moving consumer goods firms in a tourism-oriented environment." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492071.

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This thesis applies a standardization/adaptation framework (SA) to explore the strategies of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) firms in the Greek market. This market is transformed into an 'international' one during the tourist season due to an influx of 15 millions of tourists from several, primarily European, countries. Extant research has not addressed how FMCG firms may respond to this market transformation; whether they standardize their offering across the 'native' and tourist population (and within the tourist population from different countries) or they adapt their offerings. Despite the growing importance of international tourism and despite tourism being a major driver of globalisation, there is no empirical evidence showcasing how a beer, an ice cream or a shampoo seller market their products to the plethora of nationalities visiting their country of operation. The purpose of this research, therefore, is to gain, for the first time, a deeper understanding on how FMCG firms -both MNE subsidiaries and local entities- serve the needs of mobile consumers of FMCGs in a tourism estimation. Greece is chosen as the field of study since in this country, the contextual idiosyncrasies of such polyethnic markets are clearly evident. The research adopts the interpretive paradigm, a realist orientation and case studies as the most fitting methodology for the research questions. Multiple sources of evidence were utilized, focusing primarily on personal interviews with key managers in 14 organizations. Findings suggest that the impact of tourism is two-fold and that there is a mixture of SA strategies implemented by firms. These strategies are driven by such factors as organizational features of each firm, internationalizing outlook of firms or perceived tourists' quest for experimentation/familiarity. The contingency approach is supported indicating that deployed strategies along the SA continuum rest upon oftenneglected idiosyncrasies ofthe market and upon firm-specific considerations. The contribution of the research to international business/marketing and tourism literatures is explicitly stressed and it is pinpointed that implications for FMCG firms and public authorities in such environments are worth-noting. The study concludes with highlighting the limitations of the study and the avenues that call for closer scrutiny and greater illumination as a result ofthe findings of this study
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Zaytseva, Maria, and Alena Bazyleva. "Services Marketing in a Cross-Cultural Environment – The Case of Elekta in Russia." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-12297.

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ABSTRACT Title: Services Marketing in a Cross-Cultural Environment – The Case of Elekta in Russia Level: Final assignment for Master Degree in Business Administration Authors: Alena Bazyleva and Maria Zaytseva Supervisor: Dr. Maria Fregidou-Malama Aim: The aim of this research is to investigate how the products and services of the Swedish company Elekta are marketed in Russia, a country with cultural environment different from Sweden. For this purpose such aspects of marketing strategy as adaptation/standardization, trust and network development, which help to decrease the influence of intangibility and heterogeneity of services, are examined. Method: In present research explanatory applied type of study was used to describe services marketing process. Combination of induction and deduction methods, and qualitative methods of research were used. Case study of Swedish company Elekta was chosen as the research area. Primary data was collected through survey by means of semi-structured interviews and open questionnaires. Secondary data was collected from sources such as relevant books, scientific articles, company brochure, and websites of company and its clients. Results and conclusion: The research reveals that trust, network building, balance of adaptation and standardization strategies, employed by Elekta company, help to overcome heterogeneity and intangibility of its services in Russian market. It has also been found that the image of Sweden as a country of origin plays an important role in trust establishment in Russia, but in a sense that it is a foreign country, not Sweden in particular. Moreover, it is suggested, that organizational structure of international company, matrix structure in this particular case study, favours the development and effectiveness of the discussed variables. In spite of such characteristics of Russian market as high bureaucracy, corruption, “blat” network, unstable laws, etc., this market is considered to be a promising emerging market for international business. Russian national culture displays large power distance, high uncertainty avoidance, collectivist and feminine values, which influence the whole society and the business sphere as well. Suggestions for future research: It would be beneficial for future research to expand the range of complementing studies, examining the cases of Elekta in different countries and emerging markets in particular. In addition, in order to develop international services marketing theory, it is necessary to include other services industries in the scope of research. Furthermore, getting feedback from the patients, who experienced treatment on Elekta equipment, can contribute to the future research. Contribution of the thesis: The modification and adaptation of the theoretical framework of Fregidou-Malama and Hyder (2011) made by authors of this study contributes to the theory of international services marketing process. In addition, as there is lack of research in this area for health care sector, this study can be valuable addition to this research area. Research of the case of Elekta in Russia complements the range of studies on international services marketing process in health care sector with the cases of Elekta company in different countries: Egypt, China, the Philippines, Brazil, Hong Kong. Besides, current research has certain practical value: it is beneficial for international companies expanding into emerging markets in general and in Russian market in particular. This research may help to increase awareness about Elekta treatment solutions. Key words: Elekta, Gamma Knife, Russia, Services Marketing, Services characteristics, Network, Trust, Adaptation, Standardization, Culture, Organizational structure.
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Zaytseva, Anna. "Standardization in Innovation Policy and the European Integration : New Concepts for the New World." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Statsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-72780.

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This is a study of standardization in complexity. The context is innovation policy. Why do standardization and innovation go hand in hand and what does the interaction of interests between public and private actors look like in the “profile” of the standardization process? The nature of technical specifications, Lead Market Initiatives in Europe, social innovations, eco-innovations and psychological services for recruitment are the target areas of this study done in the style of Science, Technology and Society. We decrypt the codes of the expected behavior veiled in standards, the strategically selective sectoral integration of the European Internal Market, the emergence of innovation in standardized areas, the nature of the European innovation policy and the mission of each particular innovative sector. This research contains answers on how the European Union will move toward a more state-like organization bypassing the sovereignty of its member states. Standardization is a bouquet of strategic activities where each has its purpose, destination and time-framework. By studying standardization, we are able to look into the European future.
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Books on the topic "Standardization environent"

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science. Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards. Standards-setting and United States competitiveness: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards, Committee on Science, House of Representatives, One Hundred Seventh Congress, first session, June 28, 2001. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2001.

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Miller, Max J. Small Engine Technology (SET): Task 14, axisymmetric engine simulation environment, draft final report. [Cleveland, Ohio]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 1999.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Technology, Environment, and Aviation. International standards and U.S. exports: The key to competitiveness or barriers to trade? : hearing before the Subcommittee on Technology, Environment, and Aviation of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, second session, September 22, 1994. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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United, States Congress House Committee on Science Space and Technology Subcommittee on Technology Environment and Aviation. International standards and U.S. exports: The key to competitiveness or barriers to trade? : hearing before the Subcommittee on Technology, Environment, and Aviation of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, second session, September 22, 1994. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Nuclear Regulation. Licensing and standardization for nuclear powerplants: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Nuclear Regulation of the Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate, One Hundred First Congress, second session, September 18, 1990. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1990.

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Kikō, Nihon Bōeki Shinkō. Standardization of digital screening in small-scale mobile cinema of China and a demonstration of secured distribution and exhibition management system of digital contents: Pilot demonstration project program to improve trade and investment environments (FY2005). [Tokyo]: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, 2006.

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Rudneva, I. I., ed. Pollution of marine environment: ecological monitoring, bioassay, standardization. Sevastopol: Colorit, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21072/978-5-60-400-20-8-7.

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US GOVERNMENT. Standards-setting and United States competitiveness: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Environment, Technology, and Standards, Committee on Science, House ... Congress, first session, June 28, 2001. For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O. [Congressional Sales Office], 2001.

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(Editor), R. Hawkins, Robin Mansell (Editor), and Jim Skea (Editor), eds. Standards, Innovation and Competitiveness: The Politics and Economics of Standards in Natural and Technical Environments. Edward Elgar Pub, 1995.

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1949-, Hawkins R., Mansell Robin, and Skea Jim, eds. Standards, innovation and competitiveness: The politics and economics of standards in natural and technical environments. Hants [England]: Edward Elgar, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Standardization environent"

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Schilling, Donald L., Jack Taylor, and Joseph Garodnick. "Standardization in a Wireless Environment." In Code Division Multiple Access Communications, 351–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2251-5_17.

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Bröhl, Adolf Peter. "Standardization of software development environments." In Software Development Environments and CASE Technology, 99–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-54194-2_29.

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Kanematsu, Hideyuki, and Dana M. Barry. "Standardization—Current and Future." In Formation and Control of Biofilm in Various Environments, 155–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2240-6_7.

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Nelson, Bryant C., and Vytas Reipa. "Analytical Measurements of Nanoparticles in Challenging and Complex Environments." In Metrology and Standardization of Nanotechnology, 175–96. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527800308.ch9.

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Hortensius, Dick. "Experiences and Results of National and International Standardization of Soil Investigation Methodology." In Soil & Environment, 89–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2018-0_11.

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Hortensius, Dick, and Richard Welling. "Standardization and Quality Control of Soil Investigation - Regulatory Aspects and International Dimensions." In Soil & Environment, 663–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0415-9_186.

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Tominaga, Tetsuya. "Standardization Works for Security Regarding the Electromagnetic Environment." In Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems – CHES 2011, 273. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23951-9_18.

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Simas, André, and Virgilio Cruz-Machado. "A Standardization Methodology for Visual Management in Lean Supply Chain Environments." In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Management Science and Engineering Management, 1147–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59280-0_95.

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Beckert, W. F., and V. Lopez-Avila. "Standardization of Sample Extract Cleanup and Analytical Conditions for More Efficient Determination of Organic Pollutants." In Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment, 113–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3282-8_8.

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Steffan, Isabella Tiziana, and Monika Anna Klenovec. "EU Standardization. Mandate 420 - Accessibility in the Built Environment Following a Design for All Approach." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 1506–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96071-5_154.

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Conference papers on the topic "Standardization environent"

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Norrie, Harold Graham, and Robert Hunt. "Project Atlas: Operational Excellence Process Standardization." In SPE International Health, Safety & Environment Conference. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/98571-ms.

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Corbellini, Umberto. "Power system schematics standardization. Philosophy." In 2015 IEEE 15th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2015.7165387.

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Pogliani, Susanna, and Umberto Corbellini. "Power system schematics standardization. Human factor." In 2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eeeic.2016.7555782.

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Anido Rifon, Luis, Martin Llamas Nistal, Manuel J. Fernandez Iglesias, Manuel Caeiro Rodnguez, Juan M. Santos Gago, and Judith Rodríguez Estévez. "CORBA-based Runtime Environments for Standardized Distributed Learning Architectures." In 2001 Informing Science Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2412.

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The learning technology standardization process is taking the lead role in the research efforts into computer-based education. Institutions like the IEEE or the US Department of Defense have set up committees to deliver recommendations and specifications on this area to provide interoperability between different educational systems. The first part of this paper shows an up-to-date survey on this field. In the second part we present our contribution to this area: a distributed architecture to develop interoperable educational frameworks over a CORBA domain interface. Our system aims at the standardization the development process of distributed educational environments from reusable software components. We focus our attention on the runtime environment, which is responsible for contents delivering, student tracking and course routing.
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Lee, Jaehyun, Soonseok Kim, and V. Scott Gordon. "National Standardization Strategy in Health Information Security Environment." In 2013 International Conference on IT Convergence and Security (ICITCS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icitcs.2013.6717862.

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Masuoka, Takashi, Yasuyuki Takatsu, and Itsuhei Kohri. "Thermal Sensation Under Unsteady Thermal Environments." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39630.

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As the absolute level of thermal sensation is vague for human beings, one cannot correctly select the absolute level of the multi-point thermal sensation scale with any kinds of precise classification. To achieve a breakthrough in such a situation, we propose a new voting method based on the relative change of thermal sensation, and investigate the thermal sensation under the unsteady thermal environments. It is shown that the new voting method is essential for the evaluation of thermal sensation under the unsteady environments and brings some aspects of the thermal sensation under the unsteady environments. Furthermore, we discuss the standardization of the thermal sensation in detail, and propose a new parameter for the standardization.
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Ma, Xiao, and Xueying Zhou. "Standardization of CAD on measurement and recording of historic buildings." In Geoinformatics 2008 and Joint conference on GIS and Built Environment: The Built Environment and its Dynamics, edited by Lin Liu, Xia Li, Kai Liu, Xinchang Zhang, and Xinhao Wang. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.812814.

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"PLACE OF STANDARDIZATION IN THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT OF RUSSIA." In Russian science: actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2019.10-2-202/204.

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Ryberg, Steven, and Cristina Guidi. "Standardization: The Key for Future Spaceport Operations." In Ninth Biennial Conference on Engineering, Construction, and Operations in Challenging Environments. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40722(153)116.

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Zhang, Yun, Yonggang An, Xiaoyan Ma, and Lei Yu. "Research on Standardization of Funeral Process based on CRM Model." In 2016 5th International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Environment Engineering (ICSEEE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icseee-16.2016.48.

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Reports on the topic "Standardization environent"

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Roye, Thorsten. Unsettled Technology Areas in Deterministic Assembly Approaches for Industry 4.0. SAE International, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021018.

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Increased production rates and cost reduction are affecting manufacturing in all sectors of the mobility industry. One enabling methodology that could achieve these goals in the burgeoning “Industry 4.0” environment is the deterministic assembly (DA) approach. The DA approach is defined as an optimized assembly process; it always forms the same final structure and has a strong link to design-for-assembly and design-for-automation methodologies. It also looks at the whole supply chain, enabling drastic savings at the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) level by reducing recurring costs and lead time. Within Industry 4.0, DA will be required mainly for the aerospace and the space industry, but serves as an interesting approach for other industries assembling large and/or complex components. In its entirety, the DA approach connects an entire supply chain—from part manufacturing at an elementary level to an OEM’s final assembly line level. Addressing the whole process of aircraft design and manufacturing is necessary to develop further collaboration models between OEMs and the supply chain, including addressing the most pressing technology challenges. Since all parts aggregate at the OEM level, the OEM—as an integrator of all these single parts—needs special end-to-end methodologies to drastically decrease cost and lead time. This holistic approach can be considered in part design as well (in the design-for-automation and design-for-assembly philosophy). This allows for quicker assembly at the OEM level, such as “part-to-part” or “hole-to-hole” approaches, versus traditional, classical assembly methods like manual measurement or measurement-assisted assembly. In addition, it can increase flexibility regarding rate changes in production (such as those due to pandemic- or climate-related environmental challenges). The standardization and harmonization of these areas would help all industries and designers to have a deterministic approach with an end-to-end concept. Simulations can easily compare possible production and assembly steps with different impacts on local and global tolerances. Global measurement feedback needs high-accuracy turnkey solutions, which are very costly and inflexible. The goal of standardization would be to use Industry 4.0 feedback and features, as well as to define several building blocks of the DA approach as a one-way assembly (also known as one-up assembly, or “OUA”), false one-way assembly, “Jig-as-Master,” etc., up to the hole-to-hole assembly approach. The evolution of these assembly principles and the link to simulation approaches are undefined and unsolved domains; they are discussed in this report. They must be discussed in greater depth with aims of (first) clarifying the scope of the industry-wide alignment needs and (second) prioritizing the issues requiring standardization. NOTE: SAE EDGE™ Research Reports are intended to identify and illuminate key issues in emerging, but still unsettled, technologies of interest to the mobility industry. The goal of SAE EDGE™ Research Reports is to stimulate discussion and work in the hope of promoting and speeding resolution of identified issues. SAE EDGE™ Research Reports are not intended to resolve the challenges they identify or close any topic to further scrutiny.
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