Relevant bibliographies by topics / Standards 3D

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Standards 3D'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 14 February 2023

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Standards 3D.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Journal articles on the topic "Standards 3D"

1

Daly, Leonard, and Don Brutzman. "X3D: Extensible 3D Graphics Standard [Standards in a Nutshell]." IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 24, no. 99 (2007): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2007.4317479.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Daly, Leonard, and Don Brutzman. "X3D: Extensible 3D Graphics Standard [Standards in a Nutshell]." IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 24, no. 6 (November 2007): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msp.2007.905889.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Wang, Jiangning, Jing Ren, Tianyu Xi, Siqin Ge, and Liqiang Ji. "Specifications and Standards for Insect 3D Data." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 21, 2018): e26561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26561.

Full text
Abstract:
With the continuous development of imaging technology, the amount of insect 3D data is increasing, but research on data management is still virtually non-existent. This paper will discuss the specifications and standards relevant to the process of insect 3D data acquisition, processing and analysis. The collection of 3D data of insects includes specimen collection, sample preparation, image scanning specifications and 3D model specification. The specimen collection information uses existing biodiversity information standards such as Darwin Core. However, the 3D scanning process contains unique specifications for specimen preparation, depending on the scanning equipment, to achieve the best imaging results. Data processing of 3D images includes 3D reconstruction, tagging morphological structures (such as muscle and skeleton), and 3D model building. There are different algorithms in the 3D reconstruction process, but the processing results generally follow DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) standards. There is no available standard for marking morphological structures, because this process is currently executed by individual researchers who create operational specifications according to their own needs. 3D models have specific file specifications, such as object files (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavefront_.obj_file) and 3D max format (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.3ds), which are widely used at present. There are only some simple tools for analysis of three-dimensional data and there are no specific standards or specifications in Audubon Core (https://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/Audubon_Core), the TDWG standard for biodiversity-related multi-media. There are very few 3D databases of animals at this time. Most of insect 3D data are created by individual entomologists and are not even stored in databases. Specifications for the management of insect 3D data need to be established step-by-step. Based on our attempt to construct a database of 3D insect data, we preliminarily discuss the necessary specifications.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Rübenach, Ingo M. "Standards für die additive Fertigung." VDI-Z 161, no. 11 (2019): 24–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0042-1766-2019-11-24.

Full text
Abstract:
Die Herstellung selbst komplexer Bauteile mittels 3D-Druck verbreitet sich rasch im industriellen Alltag. Die neuen Anwendungsmöglichkeiten sind für viele Branchen attraktiv. Doch im Unterschied zur konventionellen Fertigung existieren derzeit nur begrenzte Standards, die Qualität und Sicherheit garantieren. Bestehende Normen lassen sich nur selten übernehmen, da im 3D-Druck andere technische Parameter vorherrschen.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Alkan, M., and H. G. Sürmeneli. "INVESTIGATING FOR 3D TURKEY CADASTRE WITH INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W16 (October 1, 2019): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w16-109-2019.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract. Nowadays, a very active research area is the 3D cadastre concept. In relation, 3D Cadastre is an essential component used in a land management system which is to manage and represent layered rights digitally, restrictions, responsibilities (legal models), buildings, public services and corresponding physical models (above or below the floor surface in 3D). The 3D Cadastre has a lot of capable of collecting, storing, organising, querying, analysing and visualising very intricate details within specific standards for all over the worlds. Besides, now in Turkey, 3D cadastre is to be designing and developing with academic studies. The cadastral concept was developed for the 3D Cadastral in the early 2000s from studies related to the world countries. The first workshop was held in 2001; the second workshop was held in 2011 and 2012 in the third. Temporarily, many theoretical and practical developments have emerged in these workshops. However, no 3D cadastre is currently being performed anywhere in the world (Oosterom et al., 2011). There are several reasons why successful implementation of 3D cadastre is legal, institutional and technical. These reasons can be listed as the necessary legal documents, missing data models, lack of technology and data format deficiencies. The 3D cadastre scope should be defined as ideal in legal and institutional systems for all of the cadastral systems. While waiting for these formalities, the development of a data model for 3D cadastre is a useful method to clarify the scope of 3D cadastre. A 3D cadastral data model is the most important for the introduction of standards (INSPIRE, OGC, LADM) and a common language within the user communities of the Land Administration. In this context, some countries (Netherlands, Australia) have developed cadastral data models (ePlan, Legal Property Object Model, LADM, 3D Cadastral Data Model) to improve their cadastral systems. Although cadastral data models differ between countries, 2D is based on the basic building block of a land parcel. The existing cadastral data models were developed based on the definition of a 2D land parcel for many countries. Besides land tenure recording system with related 2D cadastral systems also. In line with the developed models, Netherlands, Australia, Croatia and Israel improved their existing cadastral systems and carried out studies in the scope of 3D cadastre. In Turkey, the 3D cadastre scope is still working for an academic site. In this study, the first section comprises of the investigation for 3D cadastral systems. Turkey studies and cadastral systems will be discussed in section 2. The scope and principles of 3D cadastre are discussed for Turkey with section 3. Moreover, the obstacles to the implementation of 3D cadastre and international standards developed within the scope of 3D cadastre are discussed and also data models developed for Turkey cadastral system with related international standards (Land Administration Domain Model, INSPIRE and ISO) in section 4. Also, finally, discussion and results were assessed in this paper.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lee, Mingeun, and Myeong Won Lee. "3D Data Interface Standards for Implementing 3D Virtual Reality Application Services." Society for Standards Certification and Safety 9, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.34139/jscs.2019.9.1.11.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Alkan, Mehmet, and Hicret Gursoy Surmeneli. "3D cadastral standard definition and development using international standards for Turkey cadastral system." Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation 7, no. 1 (March 17, 2020): 70–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.9733/jgg.2020r0005.e.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Kalogianni, E., E. Dimopoulou, W. Quak, and P. Van Oosterom. "LADM AND INTERLIS AS A PERFECT MATCH FOR 3D CADASTRE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W7 (October 23, 2017): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w7-23-2017.

Full text
Abstract:
Standardization in land administration domain has been expanded to 3D and even 4D representations, adopting a multipurpose character, in order to become the foundation of a sustainable and smart economic development. At the moment, although the potential benefits of 3D Cadastre is argued to be enormous and there are plenty of standards related to 3D Cadastre while others enhancing the role of 3D Cities, there is no complete solution for 3D Cadastre. That being so, the last years, there has been a rapid increase in the integration, harmonization and implementation support of such standards. In this context, the integration of 3D legal spaces with 3D physical objects is gaining ground, as the (invisible) legal boundaries do not always match with the physical counterparts, leading to obscure situations. LADM, the International Standard for land administration, was proved to be one of the best candidates to unambiguously represent 3D Rights, Restrictions and Responsibilities. On the other side, spatial data models and virtual city models manage 3D urban structures without focusing on legal aspects. Many researchers have explored integrations between those aspects giving promising results. In this direction, apart from international standards, also national standards have been developed to enable the communication between land information systems. One of the most representatives is INTERLIS, a Swiss standard, a precise, standardized Object Relational modelling language on the conceptual level, which allows for automated quality control. Thus, in this paper the focus is given on how INTERLIS and LADM complement each other in the actual implementation of land administration systems. Main challenges among others in the context of this research include: 1. extensible hierarchical and versioned code lists in INTERLIS models, 2. formally define LADM constraints in INTERLIS, 3. discuss 3D geometry types and 4. introduce a holistic LADM/INTERLIS approach for country profiles.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Stoter, Jantien, Hugo Ledoux, Marcel Reuvers, Linda van den Brink, Rick Klooster, Paul Janssen, Jakob Beetz, Friso Penninga, and George Vosselman. "Establishing and implementing a national 3D Standard in The NetherlandsEntwicklung und Implementierung eines nationalen 3D Standards in den Niederlanden." Photogrammetrie - Fernerkundung - Geoinformation 2013, no. 4 (August 1, 2013): 381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1432-8364/2013/0184.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Sani, Mohammed Jawaluddeen, Ivin Amri Musliman, and Alias Abdul Rahman. "IFC AND CITYGML SEMANTIC TRANSFORMATION FOR 3D GIS." Journal of Information System and Technology Management 6, no. 24 (December 1, 2021): 326–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jistm.624030.

Full text
Abstract:
Building information modelling (BIM) and geographical information systems (GIS) domains immensely contribute to a digital representation of architectural and environmental bodies respectively. BIM is endorsed in order to enhance the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry process to save time, cost and speed up the project, and more so, to minimise the frequent requests of information by the stakeholders within the industry. On the other hand, the Geographic Information System (GIS) has been increasingly used to generate detailed 3D data, geolocation and spatial analysis. Both BIM and GIS provide 3D data for the development of 3D city models, digital twin, smart city, AEC etc. However, there are significant diverse between the two in terms of their characteristics, scope of interest and focus that makes it difficult to easily be achieved. The amalgamation of the two worlds provides a clear picture of a built environment based on data (geometry and semantics) integration, which reinforces the enhancement of the three-dimensional (3D) applications in general into the digital world. This paper presents a methodology that semantically integrates the two worlds through their standards that is the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) which is an open standard, selected because it is the typical free standard to exchange data in the BIM world and City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) is the most leading 3D city model standard in 3D GIS. This is carried out by performing a semantic mapping between the two standards, converting the encoding that the two standards use from STEP in IFC(BIM) to XML in CityGML (3D GIS), by providing a basic implementation created using Python to combine the above tasks.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Standards 3D"

1

Gharechaie, Arman Tommy, and Omid Darab. "Achieving New Standards in Prosthetic Socket Manufacturing." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Innovation och produktrealisering, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-45231.

Full text
Abstract:
Preface: The research about product development of a prosthetic socket was conducted by two students from Mälardalen University, department of Innovation, Design, and Technology. Background: The most recent public survey shows that an estimated 5 million people in China are amputees, out of which a significantly large portion are below-elbow amputees. Sockets sold to below-elbow amputees are equipped with only two surface electromyography sensors, has low comfortability, has problems with perspiration, and a high weight. The current standard for socket manufacturing has not changed in decades. Research Questions: The following research questions have determined the direction of the research: (1) What measurable factors contribute to a convenient and ergonomic feature design in prosthetic socket from the end-user’s perspective? (2) How can the weight and functionality be improved to achieve a prosthetic socket more suited to the end-user, with respect to the existing prosthetic socket? (3) Which material and manufacturing method is suitable for producing cost-effective and customized prosthetic sockets? Research Method: The research was guided by the 5th edition of Product Design and Development by Ulrich & Eppinger (2012) where the product development process described in five of the six phases from planning to test and refinement were utilized. The data collection and analysis techniques performed in this research was guided by Research Methods for Students, Academics and Professionals by Williamson & Bow (2002). Interviews were conducted with five different stakeholders to find specifications of requirements and concretize subjectivism of what defines quality and ergonomics. Implementation: Currently, below-elbow amputees order sockets from orthopedic clinics. The socket was identified as a product of Ottobock. Investigations were made to find optimal solutions to the specification of requirements. Results: The development of a socket concept was designed for additive manufacturing using a multi-jet fusion printer. Analysis: This concept had significant improvements to parameters: higher grade of customizability, 30 % reduced weight, 48 % cost reduction, a new production workflow with 93,5 % automation, and a 69 % reduction in manual work hours. Conclusions: The data of the research strongly indicate existing potentials in enhancing socket design techniques and outputs by implementation of additive manufacturing processes. This can prove to be beneficial for achieving more competitive prosthetics and associated services.
Förord: Denna forskning om produktutvecklingsprocessen av en armprotes genomfördes av två studenter från Mälardalens universitet, avdelningen för innovation, design och teknik. Bakgrund: Den senaste offentliga undersökningen visar att cirka 5 miljoner människor i Kina är amputerade, varav en betydligt stor del är under-armbågsamputerade. Armproteser som säljs till underarmsamputerade individer är utrustade med endast två yt-elektromyografiska sensorer, har låg komfort, har problem med perspiration och hög vikt. Den nuvarande standarden för armproteser har inte förändrats under årtionden. Forskningsfrågor: Följande forskningsfrågor har bestämt riktningen för forskningen: (1) Vilka mätbara faktorer bidrar till en praktisk och ergonomisk funktionsdesign i underarmsproteser ur slutanvändarens perspektiv? (2) Hur kan vikten och funktionaliteten förbättras för att åstadkomma en underarmsprotes som är bättre anpassad för slutanvändaren med avseende på den befintliga underarmsprotesen? (3) Vilket material och tillverkningsmetod är lämpligt för att producera kostnadseffektiva och anpassade underarmsproteser? Forskningsmetod: Forskningsmetoden styrdes av den femte upplagan av Product Design and Development av Ulrich & Eppinger (2012) där produktutvecklingsprocessen är uppdelad i sex faser. I denna forskning användes de fem första faserna från planering till testning och justering. Tekniker för datainsamling och analys som användes i denna forskning styrdes av Research Methods for Students, Academics and Professionals av Williamson & Bow (2002). Intervjuer genomfördes med fem olika intressenter för att hitta kravspecifikationer och för att konkretisera subjektivitet för vad som definierar kvalitet och ergonomi. Implementering:  Underarmsamputerade individer beställer för närvarande armproteser från ortopediska kliniker. Armprotesen identifierades som en produkt av Ottobock. Undersökningar gjordes för att hitta optimala lösningar för kravspecifikationen. Resultat: Konceptutvecklingen av en armprotes utformades för additiv tillverkning med hjälp av en multi-jet-fusion-skrivare. Analys: Det här konceptet hade betydande förbättringar av parametrar: högre grad av anpassningsbarhet, 30 % minskad vikt, 48 % kostnadsreduktion, ett nytt produktionsflöde med 93,5 % automatisering och en 69 % minskning av manuella arbetstider. Slutsatser: Data från denna forskning indikerar att det finns starkt potential för att förbättra designtekniker och utgångar av underarmsproteser genom implementering av additiva tillverkningsprocesser. Detta kan visa sig vara fördelaktigt för att uppnå mer konkurrenskraftiga proteser och tillhörande tjänster.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Apaydin, Ozan. "Networked humanoid animation driven by human voice using extensible 3D (X3D), H-Anim and JAVA speech open standards." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401793.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Winterbottom, Marc. "Individual Differences in the Use of Remote Vision Stereoscopic Displays." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1433453135.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Jaillot, Vincent. "3D, temporal and documented cities : formalization, visualization and navigation." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2026.

Full text
Abstract:
L'étude et la compréhension de l'évolution des villes est un enjeu sociétal important, notamment pour améliorer la qualité de vie dans une ville toujours plus dense. Le numérique et en particulier les modèles 3D de villes peuvent être des éléments de réponse. Leur manipulation est parfois rendue complexe par la prise en compte de leurs dimensions thématique, géométrique et topologique ainsi que de leur structuration hiérarchique
The study and understanding of cities evolution is an important societal issue, particularly for improving the quality of life in an increasingly dense city. Digital technology and in particular 3D city models can be part of the answer. Their manipulation is however sometimes complex due to their thematic, geometric, topological dimensions and hierarchical structure.In this thesis, we focus on the integration of the temporal dimension and in the enrichment with multimedia documents of these 3D models of the city, in an objective of visualization and navigation on the web. Moreover, we take a particular interest in interoperability (based on standards), reusability (with a shared software architecture and open source components) and reproducibility (to make our experiments durable).Our first contribution is a formalization of the temporal dimension of cities for interactive navigation and visualization on the web. For this, we propose a conceptual model of existing standards for the visualization of cities on the web, which we extend with a formalization of the temporal dimension. We also propose a logical model and a technical specification of these proposals.Our second contribution allows the integration of multimedia documents into city models for spatial, temporal and thematic visualization and navigation on the web. We propose a conceptual model for the integration of heterogeneous and multidimensional geospatial data. We then use it for the integration of multimedia documents and 3D city models.Finally, this thesis took place in a multidisciplinary context via the Fab-Pat project of the LabEx IMU, which focuses on cultural heritage sharing and shaping. In this framework, a contribution combining social sciences and computer science has allowed the design of DHAL, a methodology for the comparative analysis of devices for sharing heritage via digital technology. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à l'intégration de la dimension temporelle et à l'enrichissement avec des documents multimédia de ces modèles 3D de la ville, dans un objectif de visualisation et de navigation sur le web. Nous portons un intérêt particulier à l'intéropérabilité (en s'appuyant sur des standards), à la réutilisabilité (avec une architecture logicielle partagée et des composants open source) et à la reproductibilité (permettant de rendre nos expérimentations pérennes).Notre première contribution est une formalisation de la dimension temporelle des villes pour une navigation et visualisation interactive sur le web. Pour cela, nous proposons un modèle conceptuel des standards existants pour la visualisation de villes sur le web, que nous étendons avec une formalisation de la dimension temporelle. Nous proposons également un modèle logique et une spécification technique de ces propositions.Notre deuxième contribution permet d'intégrer des documents multimédias aux modèles de villes pour une visualisation et une navigation spatiale, temporelle et thématique sur le web. Nous proposons un modèle conceptuel pour l'intégration de données géospatiales hétérogènes et multidimensions. Nous l'utilisons ensuite pour l'intégration de documents multimédias et de modèles 3D de villes.Enfin, cette thèse s'est déroulée dans un contexte pluridisciplinaire via le projet Fab-Pat, du LabEx IMU, qui s'intéresse au partage de la fabrique du patrimoine. Dans ce cadre, une contribution mêlant sciences sociales et informatique a permis de concevoir DHAL, une méthodologie pour l’analyse comparative de dispositifs pour le partage du patrimoine via le numérique
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Pragarauskaitė, Julija. "3D objektų eksportavimas į M3G formatą, naudojamą 3D grafikai mobiliuosiuose telefonuose." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090908_201759-77547.

Full text
Abstract:
Šiame magistro darbe nagrinėjamas M3G standartas, skirtas 3D grafikai mobiliuose telefonuose, tiriamos 3D modelių eksportavimo į M3G formatą galimybės bei M3G standarto suderinamumas. Apžvelgiamos 3D modeliavimo bei eksportavimo priemonės bei pasirinkta modeliavimo priemonė Blender, įgalinanti pasiekti 3D modelio duomenis naudojant Python skriptus. Sukurta eksportavimo iš Blender modeliavimo priemonės į M3G formatą schema. Schema realizuojama suprogramavus eksportavimo priemonę vartojant Python bei Java programavimo kalbas. Eksportavimo priemonė veikia kaip papildomas įrankis Blender modeliavimo priemonėje ir gali būti iškviesta iš pagrindinio meniu. Python programavimo kalba eksportavimo priemonėje naudojama nuskaityti 3D scenos duomenis ir juos išsaugoti XML formatu. Ekportavimo priemonėje Java programavimo kalba nuskaitomas bei apdorojamas XML failas, sudaromas 3D elementų hierarchinis medis, sukuriamas M3G failas, sukuriami duomenų masyvai bei sektoriai, kuriuose saugomi 3D scenos duomenys ir į M3G failą eksportuojami 3D scenos duomenys. Eksportavimo priemonė turi galimybę įkrauti eksportuotą M3G failą į mobiliąją aplikaciją ir atidaryti ją Java emuliatoriuje – mobiliajame telefone. Eksportavimo priemonė palyginta su kitomis eksportavimo priemonėmis eksportavus skirtingus 3D modelius į M3G formatą bei palyginus gautus rezultatus pagal 3D objektų savybių bei transformacijų atitikimą pradiniam 3D modeliui, eksportavimo priemonės patikimumą bei kitus kriterijus.
In the master thesis the M3G standard for 3D graphics in mobile phones, its compatibility and possibilities of exporting 3D models to M3G format are investigated. Most popular 3D modelling and exporting to M3G format tools are analyzed. Blender was selected as main master thesis modelling tool for possibility to reach 3D model data using Python scripts. An exporting scheme from Blender to M3G format was created and realized using Python and Java programming languages. The exporter works as a plug-in for the Blender modelling tool. It can be accessed in the main Blender menu. The Python programming language in the exporter was used for extracting data from 3D scene and saving it in XML format. The Java programming language was used for reading 3D data from XML file, making hierarchical 3D elements tree, creating 3D elements tree, constructing data arrays and sectors, where 3D data arrays and sectors are kept and exporting data to M3G file. The exporter can load an exported M3G file to mobile application and show it in Java emulator – mobile phone. On the basis of several 3D models, the created exporter was compared to other exporters using the quality of performance, reliability and other criteria.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lohse, Dag. "Ein Standard-File für 3D-Gebietsbeschreibungen." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2005. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200501080.

Full text
Abstract:
Es handelt sich hierbei um die Dokumentation eines Dateiformats zur Beschreibung dreidimensionaler FEM-Gebiete in Randrepräsentation. Eine interne Datenbasis dient als Verbindung zwischen externem Dateiformat und verschiedenen verarbeitenden Programmen.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Burns, Jessica L. "Defining the Modeling Standard for 3D Character Artists." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/296.

Full text
Abstract:
The focus of this thesis is to find the most modern methods to craft 3D characters for implementation in game engines. The industry is constantly adapting to new software and my study is to cover the most efficient way to create a character from an idea to fully realized character in 3D. The following is my journey in learning new techniques and adapting to the new software. To demonstrate, I will work through the process of creating a character from a 2D concept to a 3D model rendered in real time.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Nzetchou, Stéphane. "Méthodologie d'enrichissement sémantique de la CAO dans un environnement de continuité numérique." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2642.

Full text
Abstract:
La transition numérique dans l’industrie manufacturière se caractérise par un passif de trois voire quatre décennies. Certains modèles 3D ou maquettes numériques accumulés durant cette période sont des solides morts, c’est-à-dire des modèles 3D dépourvus d’arbre de construction, qui se caractérisent par des géométries absentes, dû aux changements des logiciels ou à des versions de formats 3D qui n’ont pas subi de mise à jour. Des activités de rétro-conception des modèles 3D, visent à obtenir des modèles 3D sémantiquement riches, c’est-à-dire paramétriques et modifiables, constitués d’opérations de constructions, porteur d’attributs et de métadonnées, avec des règles et contraintes géométriques, etc., grâce à l’utilisation des outils d’ingénierie comme CATIA par exemple ou par des approches à base de nuages de points provenant d’une numérisation par exemple. Mais ce n’est toujours pas satisfaisant, car à l’issue de l’opération de rétro-conception, nous retrouvons souvent un solide avec une représentation sémantique faible ou un arbre de construction absent. Ce qui nous amène à proposer dans le cadre de ce travail de thèse, une méthodologie de gestion des informations liées aux modèles 3D afin d’intégrer à ces modèles 3D des informations expertes que nous qualifions de sémantique. Les solides morts manipulés sont généralement au format de bas niveau tels que STL, IGES ou STEP AP203. Ils sont utilisés comme données d’entrée pour notre méthodologie et ils peuvent aussi être associés à des données de définition du produit, telles qu’une mise en plan du produit ou des documents. Le traitement des modèles 3D exige une solution qui soit capable de gérer d’une part, les maquettes numériques et les informations qu’elles pourraient éventuellement intégrer et d’autre part, l’incomplétude de certains modèles 3D qui est liée au format 3D ou à la limite de la technologie utilisée pour obtenir le modèle 3D (ex : limite logiciel, format 3D de représentation géométrique uniquement et qui ne supporte pas une représentation de l’arbre de construction ou bien qui ne peut pas représenter graphiquement des dimensions géométriques et des tolérances, etc.). Enfin, la pertinence des informations intégrées au modèle 3D, de nature non géométrique, lors de la phase de recouvrement sémantique devrait permettre, dans certains cas, de produire des modèles 3D paramétrés, propres à l’activité du domaine d’application. L’état de l’art, portant sur la représentation des informations contenues dans un modèle CAO et sur la gestion de ces informations, permet d’identifier les techniques et approches qui aident à l’enrichissement sémantique des modèles 3D à des niveaux de granularités diverses. Cette thèse propose une méthodologie nommée Vaquero For CAD Semantic Enrichment (VFCSE) et qui se décompose en trois étapes : l’accès, l’identification et l’annotation. Le but de cette méthodologie est d’intégrer aux solides morts des informations manquantes et standardisées, de nature non géométrique, comme par exemple des spécifications de produit, des tolérancements, des dimensions géométriques, etc. Ces informations seront issues des besoins de l’utilisateur intervenant sur le modèle 3D et proviendront d’un standard sémantiquement riche afin d’être utiles à de nombreuses opérations liées au cycle de vie du produit. Cet enrichissement grâce à ce standard sémantiquement riche, permettra une pérennisation des informations et une réutilisation efficace des informations du modèle 3D. Pour cela, un modèle 3D est récupéré dans un PDM (Product Data Management) grâce à une requête utilisateur. Il est visualisé dans une visionneuse 3D supportant le format STL, IGES et STEP AP203. Ensuite, suit une étape d’identification des composants du modèle 3D. Ces composants peuvent être des pièces ou des assemblages. Aux composants identifiés, est affectée une annotation métier liée à l’usage, basée sur le format STEP AP242 qui représente le standard sémantiquement riche
The digital transition in the manufacturing industry is characterised by a three or even four-decade liability. Some CAO models or digital mock-ups accumulated du ring this period are frozen, i.e. 3D models without a construction tree, which are characterised by missing geometries, due to software changes or versions of 3D formats that have not been updated Reverse engineering activities of CAO models, aiming at obtaining semantically rich 3D models, i.e. parametric and modifiable, made up of construction operations, carrying attributes and metadata, with geometric ru les and constraints, etc., thanks to the use of engineering tools such as CATIA for example, or by approaches based on point clouds coming from a scan for example. But, this is still not satisfactory, because at the end of the reverse engineering activities, we often obtain a solid with a weak semantic representation or an absent construction tree. This leads us to propose in the framework of this thesis work, a methodology for managing information linked to CAO models in order to integrate expert information that we call semantic into these CAO models. The frozen CAO models handled are usually in low-level formats such as STL, IGES or STEP AP203. They are used as input data for our methodology and they can be associated with product definition data, such as a product drawing or documents. The processing of CAO models requires a solution that is able to_manage the digital models and the information they couId possibly integrate. And also the incompleteness of some CAO models that is linked to the 3D format or to the limit of the technology used to obtain the CAO model (e.g. software li mit, 3D format for geometric representation only and that does not support a representation of the construction tree or that cannot graphically represent geometric dimensions and tolerances, etc.). Finally, the relevance of integrated information into CAO model, of a non-geometric nature, during the semantic overlay phase should make it possible, in certain cases, to produce parameterised CAO models, specific to the activity of the application domain. The state of the art, concerning the information representation contained in CAO model and the management of this information, makes it possible to identify techniques and approaches that help the semantic enrichment of CAO models at various levels of granularity. This thesis proposes a methodology named Vaquero For CAO Semantic Enrichment (VFCSE), which is made of three step access, identification and annotation. The aim of this methodology is to integrate missing and standardised information of a non-geometric nature, such as product specifications, tolerances, geometric dimensions, etc., into frozen CAO models. This information will be derived from user needs working on the CAO model and will corne from a semantically rich standard in order to be useful for many operations related to the product life cycle. The enrichment, thanks to this semantically rich standard, will allow for a perpetuation of the information and an efficient reuse of CAO model information. ln order to do this, a CAO model is retrieved from a PDM (Product Data Management) thanks to a user request. lt is visualised in a CAO viewer supporting STL, IGES and STEP AP203 formats. Then, follows a step of identifying components of CAO model. These components can be parts or assemblies. The identified components are annotated based on the STEP AP242 format, which represents the semantically rich standard. These annotations are stored in a standardised ontology, which serves as a minimal basis for carrying all the semantics to be integrated into the CAO mode in order to make the CAO model durable and reusable. The scientific contribution of this work is mainly based on the possibility of reverse engineering by using ontologies to annotate 3D models, according to user needs who has the CAO model at his disposal
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Evans, Alexander. "3D-visualisering av detaljplaner : Standarder och riktlinjer." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för miljö- och livsvetenskaper (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-68522.

Full text
Abstract:
Användningen och behovet av 3D-modeller inom fysisk planering har ökat, både nationellt och internationellt. I nuläget saknas standarder och riktlinjer kring hur man bör förhålla sig vid 3D-visualisering av detaljplaner, vilket skapar oklarheter kring hur de skall visualiseras. De flesta av Sveriges kommuner ser positivt på ett införande av en gemensam nationell standard för 3D-visualiseringar inom planprocessen, då detta troligtvis skulle underlätta och förbättra arbetsprocessen vid 3D-detaljplanering.Syftet med arbetet var att undersöka vilka riktlinjer och förhållningssätt man kan utgå från för att 3D-modeller i planprocesser skall öka förståelsen och engagemanget vid exempelvis samråd och medborgardialog.Förslag på riktlinjeroch förhållningssättvid 3D-visualiseringar av detaljplanertogs fram, där fokus låg kring begreppen detaljeringsnivå, ändamål, höjd och utnyttjandegrad. En undersökning gjordes även om någon av standarderna SOSI eller CityGML är lämpliga att använda för 3D-detaljplanering i Sverige utifrån de krav som ställs i plan-och bygglagen.Metoden bestod övervägande av en litteraturstudie där både nationell och internationell forskning studerades. Det samlades även in kompletterande information genom personlig kommunikation med tjänstemän från Karlstad-och Falu kommun. En fallstudie gjordes över detaljplanerna Sundsta torg och Hyttan 16 och 18 där en diskussion fördes kring hur dessa skulle kunna visualiseras i 3D.Utifrån resultatet drogs slutsatsen att det idag finns för lite forskning kring ämnet för att ta fram riktlinjer för en fullskalig 3D-Modell. Resultatet visade även att den nuvarande versionen av SOSI inte är lämplig för 3D-visualisering av detaljplaner, men att det material som beskriver den kommande versionen ser lovande ut och att CityGML har potential att användas inom detaljplanering, men förslagsvis borde den innefatta fler detaljeringsnivåer.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Tita, Ralf. "Variable isozentrische Steuerung für einen Standard-C-Bogen mit echtzeitfähiger 3D-Rekonstruktion /." Düsseldorf : VDI-Verl, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015964890&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Books on the topic "Standards 3D"

1

English 3D: Course II. New York, NY: Scholastic, 2014.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

1945-, Bono Peter R., ed. PC graphics with GKS: Introduction to graphics standards (GKS, GKS-3D, PHIGS, CGI, and CGM) and to graphics programming. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., USA: Prentice Hall, 1990.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Hvorostov, Dmitriy. 3D Studio Max + VRay + Corona. Designing the environment design. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1056727.

Full text
Abstract:
The tutorial provides practical tips for using the professional program Autodesk 3D Studio Max and visualizers VRay and Corona Renderer to work with project graphics in art and design universities. The issues of designing the subject-spatial environment as a whole and its individual components: buildings, interiors, furniture, accessories, lighting sources are considered. The recommendations contained in the manual on the use of computer programs will help you master the techniques of working with three-dimensional graphics while studying courses related to design, interior, landscape and architectural issues. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of training "Design", "Decorative and applied arts and crafts". It will also be useful for graduate students and teachers of special art disciplines engaged in design.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Bashkatov, Alexander. Modeling in OpenSCAD: examples. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/959073.

Full text
Abstract:
The tutorial is an introductory course to the study of the basics of geometric modeling for 3D printing using the programming language OpenSCAD and is built on the basis of descriptions of instructions for creating primitives, determining their properties, carrying out transformations and other service operations. It contains a large number of examples with detailed comments and description of the performed actions, which allows you to get basic skills in creating three-dimensional and flat models, exporting and importing graphical data. Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. It can be useful for computer science teachers, students, students and anyone who is interested in three-dimensional modeling and preparation of products for 3D printing.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Ovtov, Vladimir. Machine parts. Course design. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1171976.

Full text
Abstract:
The textbook discusses the methodology of course design of general-purpose drives with a single-stage gearbox (cylindrical, conical and worm) and a V-belt or chain transmission. The procedure for calculating gears and constructing assembly drawings of gearboxes is shown, the development of specifications using the COMPASS-3D computer-aided design system is described. Examples of the design of drawings of the general type of the drive, assembly drawings of gearboxes and working drawings of parts of various types of gearboxes are given. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. It is intended for independent work of students of engineering specialties studying in the bachelor's degree and specialty.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Lyang, Viktor. CAD programming: Spatial modeling of a column apparatus in the Autodesk Inventor environment. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/991773.

Full text
Abstract:
The tutorial describes in detail the creation of an external subsystem for Autodesk Inventor in the high-level language C# Microsoft Visual Studio of the column apparatus. Such issues as working in the Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 programming environment, connecting the library of functions of the Autodesk Inventor API to an external user subsystem, spatial solid-state modeling of elements of a column apparatus, saving constructed objects, assembling the apparatus from stored modules by the interface method of surfaces are considered. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students of higher educational institutions studying in the direction of "Computer Science and computer engineering", in preparation for laboratory work and the exam. It can be used by students of other specialties when studying the courses "Fundamentals of Computer Science", "High-level programming language" and "3D modeling of machines and apparatuses". It may be useful for programmers engaged in spatial modeling of objects.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Lyang, Viktor. CAD programming: Spatial modeling of the air cooling device in the Autodesk Inventor environment. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/991757.

Full text
Abstract:
The tutorial discusses in detail the creation of an external subsystem for Autodesk Inventor in a high-level C# Microsoft Visual Studio language of a low-flow air cooling device. Such issues as working in the Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 programming environment, connecting the library of Autodesk Inventor API functions to an external user subsystem, spatial solid-state modeling of elements of the air cooling apparatus, saving constructed objects, assembling the apparatus from stored modules using the interface of basic coordinate planes are considered. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For students studying in the field of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, in preparation for laboratory work and exam. It can be used by students of other specialties when studying the courses "Fundamentals of Computer Science", "High-level programming language" and "3D modeling of machines and apparatuses". It is useful for programmers who are engaged in spatial modeling of objects.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Rountrey, Adam, Hannah Scates Kettler, and Jennifer Moore. 3D Data Creation to Curation : : Community Standards for 3D Data Preservation. Association of College & Research Libraries, 2022.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Brutzman, Don, and Leonard Daly. X3D: Extensible 3D Graphics for Web Authors (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Interactive 3D Technology). Morgan Kaufmann, 2007.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

X3D: Extensible 3D Graphics for Web Authors (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Interactive 3D Technology). Morgan Kaufmann, 2007.

Find full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
More sources

Book chapters on the topic "Standards 3D"

1

Cellary, Wojciech, and Krzysztof Walczak. "Interactive 3D Content Standards." In Interactive 3D Multimedia Content, 13–35. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2497-9_2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Huri, Emre, Osman Tunç, Young Lae Moon, and Dae Ok Kim. "Creating Standards for 3D Soft-Tissue Modelling." In Anatomy for Urologic Surgeons in the Digital Era, 201–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59479-4_15.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Wisniewski, Donald M., and Praveen Gomer. "Tolerance Analysis Using VSA-3D® for Engine Applications." In Geometric Design Tolerancing: Theories, Standards and Applications, 453–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5797-5_36.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Noia, Brandon, and Krishnendu Chakrabarty. "Post-Bond Test Wrappers and Emerging Test Standards." In Design-for-Test and Test Optimization Techniques for TSV-based 3D Stacked ICs, 159–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02378-6_7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Basanow, Jens, Pascal Neis, Steffen Neubauer, Arne Schilling, and Alexander Zipf. "Towards 3D Spatial Data Infrastructures (3D-SDI) based on open standards — experiences, results and future issues." In Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, 65–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72135-2_4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Raftopoulos, C., F. Waterkeyn, E. Fomekong, and T. Duprez. "Percutaneous pedicle screw implantation for refractory low back pain: from manual 2D to fully robotic intraoperative 2D/3D fluoroscopy." In Advances and Technical Standards in Neurosurgery, 75–93. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0676-1_4.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kolbe, Thomas H., and Andreas Donaubauer. "Semantic 3D City Modeling and BIM." In Urban Informatics, 609–36. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_34.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractSemantic 3D city modeling and building information modeling (BIM) are methods for modeling, creating, and analyzing three-dimensional representations of physical objects of the environment. Digital modeling of the built environment has been approached from at least four different domains: computer graphics and gaming, planning and construction, urban simulation, and geomatics. This chapter introduces the similarities and differences of 3D models from these disciplines with regard to aspects like scale, level of detail, representation of spatial and semantic characteristics, and appearance. Exemplified by the international standards CityGML and Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), information models from semantic 3D city modeling and BIM and their corresponding modeling approaches are explored, and the relationships between them are discussed. Based on use cases from infrastructure planning, approaches for integrating information from semantic 3D city modeling and BIM, such as semantic transformation between CityGML and IFC, are described. Furthermore, the role of semantic 3D city modeling and BIM for recent developments in urban informatics, such as smart cities and digital twins, is investigated and illustrated by real-world examples.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Tanimoto, Masayuki. "International Standardization of FTV." In Proceedings e report, 92–99. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-707-8.23.

Full text
Abstract:
FTV (Free-viewpoint Television) is visual media that transmits all ray information of a 3D space and enables immersive 3D viewing. The international standardization of FTV has been conducted in MPEG. The first phase of FTV is multiview video coding (MVC), and the second phase is 3D video (3DV). The third phase of FTV is MPEG-FTV, which targets revolutionized viewing of 3D scenes via super multiview, free navigation, and 360-degree 3D. After the success of exploration experiments and Call for Evidence, MPEG-FTV moved MPEG Immersive project (MPEG-I), where it is in charge of video part as MPEG-I Visual. MPEG-I will create standards for immersive audio-visual services.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Lajmi, Amira, Emmanuel Joussein, Stéphanie Leroy-Lhez, Marilyne Soubrand, Claire Carrion, Matthias Monneron-Guyrits, Catherine Riou, and Mounir Medhioub. "Interactions Between Cationic Porphyrins and Standards Clays: Spectroscopic and 3D Confocal Investigations." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions, 1157–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_334.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Verian, Kho P., Jarron Ashcroft, Jim Ziemlaski, Tim Brodesser, Jonathan Ladouceur, Matthew D. Carli, Randall P. Bright, and Eerik Maandi. "The Assessment of the Buildability and Interlayer Adhesion Strength of 3D-Printed Mortar." In Standards Development for Cement and Concrete for Use in Additive Construction, 99–116. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp163620200085.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Conference papers on the topic "Standards 3D"

1

Bousquet, Michele, and Jonathan Lloyd. "Standards for 3D models." In SIGGRAPH Asia 2011 Posters. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2073304.2073342.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Woods, Andrew J., Tom Docherty, and Rolf Koch. "3D video standards conversion." In Electronic Imaging: Science & Technology, edited by Mark T. Bolas, Scott S. Fisher, and John O. Merritt. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.237439.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

Bousquet, Michele, and Jonathan Lloyd. "Standards in stock 3D models." In ACM SIGGRAPH 2011 Studio Talks. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2037703.2037704.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Kassamakov, Ivan, Carlos Bermudez, Roger Artigas, Anton Nolvi, Pol Martinez, Miikka Järvinen, Edward Hæggström, Niklas Sandler, Tapani Viitala, and Tuomas Vainikka. "3D label free bio-transfer standards." In Optical Metrology and Inspection for Industrial Applications V, edited by Sen Han, Toru Yoshizawa, and Song Zhang. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2501258.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Stefanoski, Nikolce, Joern Ostermann, and Libor Vasa. "Compression of 3D Meshes - Applications, Approaches, Standards." In 2008 3DTV Conference: The True Vision - Capture, Transmission and Display of 3D Video (3DTV-CON). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3dtv.2008.4547793.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Hermatschweiler, M. "3D Printing Sets New Standards in Microfabrication." In CLEO: Applications and Technology. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_at.2015.ath3a.3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Franzon, P. D., W. R. Davis, Zheng Zhou, S. Priyadarshi, M. Hogan, T. Karnik, and G. Srinavas. "Coordinating 3D designs: Interface IP, standards or free form?" In 2011 IEEE International 3D Systems Integration Conference (3DIC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3dic.2012.6262960.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Stockfisch, M. W. "Prospective standards for in-home 3D entertainment products." In 2010 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce.2010.5418793.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Schneider, Neil, and Alexander Matveev. "Programming standards for effective S-3D game development." In Electronic Imaging 2008, edited by Andrew J. Woods, Nicolas S. Holliman, and John O. Merritt. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.767366.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Miles, Brian H., Gary W. Kamerman, Donald K. Fronek, and Paul Eadon. "Calibration targets and standards for 3D lidar systems." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by Monte D. Turner and Gary W. Kamerman. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.854700.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Reports on the topic "Standards 3D"

1

Saidi, Kamel, and Geraldine Cheok. A Standards Roadmap for 3D Imaging in Robotic Assembly Applications. National Institute of Standards and Technology, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ams.100-39.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Saidi, Kamel, Geraldine Cheok, Helen Qiao, John Horst, and Marek Franaszek. Proceedings of the ASTM E57 workshop on standards for 3D perception systems for robotic assembly applications:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ams.100-33.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

de Kemp, E. A. Canada in 3D - National Geological Surveys Committee update report. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331340.

Full text
Abstract:
The Canada in 3D (C3D) project (https://canada3d.geosciences.ca/), formally initiated in the spring of 2020 by the National Geological Surveys Committee (NGSC) is required to provide a working group update to all its provincial and territorial partners. There have been several informal C3D working meetings with the partners prior to the creation of the C3D Charter and there has been a hiatus in communication through the Covid-19 pandemic. To re-engage the C3D community, a video tele-conference was held on June 6th, 2022 with approximately 44 participants. There was representation and presentations of all provinces and territories with various managers, technical and scientific observers. The purpose of this compilation of presentations and discussions from this 2022 C3D-NGSC reconnection meeting is to provide activity information to all participants, and their respective organizations, highlighting current geoscience compilation and modelling efforts in 2D and 3D. The aim is to help identify opportunities for collaboration on data standards, methods, applications and best practices but with the overall goal of working toward the C3D vision, outlined in the C3D charter of an updated 2D and 3D geological map/model of Canada.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

de Kemp, E. A., H. A. J. Russell, B. Brodaric, D. B. Snyder, M. J. Hillier, M. St-Onge, C. Harrison, et al. Initiating transformative geoscience practice at the Geological Survey of Canada: Canada in 3D. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/331097.

Full text
Abstract:
Application of 3D technologies to the wide range of Geosciences knowledge domains is well underway. These have been operationalized in workflows of the hydrocarbon sector for a half-century, and now in mining for over two decades. In Geosciences, algorithms, structured workflows and data integration strategies can support compelling Earth models, however challenges remain to meet the standards of geological plausibility required for most geoscientific studies. There is also missing links in the institutional information infrastructure supporting operational multi-scale 3D data and model development. Canada in 3D (C3D) is a vision and road map for transforming the Geological Survey of Canada's (GSC) work practice by leveraging emerging 3D technologies. Primarily the transformation from 2D geological mapping, to a well-structured 3D modelling practice that is both data-driven and knowledge-driven. It is tempting to imagine that advanced 3D computational methods, coupled with Artificial Intelligence and Big Data tools will automate the bulk of this process. To effectively apply these methods there is a need, however, for data to be in a well-organized, classified, georeferenced (3D) format embedded with key information, such as spatial-temporal relations, and earth process knowledge. Another key challenge for C3D is the relative infancy of 3D geoscience technologies for geological inference and 3D modelling using sparse and heterogeneous regional geoscience information, while preserving the insights and expertise of geoscientists maintaining scientific integrity of digital products. In most geological surveys, there remains considerable educational and operational challenges to achieve this balance of digital automation and expert knowledge. Emerging from the last two decades of research are more efficient workflows, transitioning from cumbersome, explicit (manual) to reproducible implicit semi-automated methods. They are characterized by integrated and iterative, forward and reverse geophysical modelling, coupled with stratigraphic and structural approaches. The full impact of research and development with these 3D tools, geophysical-geological integration and simulation approaches is perhaps unpredictable, but the expectation is that they will produce predictive, instructive models of Canada's geology that will be used to educate, prioritize and influence sustainable policy for stewarding our natural resources. On the horizon are 3D geological modelling methods spanning the gulf between local and frontier or green-fields, as well as deep crustal characterization. These are key components of mineral systems understanding, integrated and coupled hydrological modelling and energy transition applications, e.g. carbon sequestration, in-situ hydrogen mining, and geothermal exploration. Presented are some case study examples at a range of scales from our efforts in C3D.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

Jones, Nicole S., and John Grassel, eds. 2022 Firearm and Toolmarks Policy and Practice Forum. RTI Press, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2022.cp.0014.2204.

Full text
Abstract:
The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and the Forensic Technology Center of Excellence, an NIJ program hosted a four-day symposium, January 11–14, 2022. The symposium included presentations and panel discussions on topics relevant to recent advances in firearm and toolmark examination with a focus on the future. The symposium brought together 685 criminal justice processionals to explore implementation of three-dimensional (3D) imaging technologies, best practices for forensic examination of firearm and toolmark evidence, federal initiatives, gun crime intelligence, black box studies on firearm and toolmark examination, legal challenges to the admissibility of current examination of firearm and toolmark evidence and engineering solutions that will be used in court in the future, implementation of Organization of Scientific Area Committee (OSAC) standards and reporting, uniform language in testimony and conclusion scales. The panel discussions and presentations and provided examples of how agencies implement new imaging technologies for firearms and toolmark examination, incorporate statistics to add weight to forensic comparisons, address legal issues, and operationalize forensic intelligence to improve public safety and share information with the justice community. The symposium also provided a platform to discuss a series of considerations for the forensic, law enforcement, and greater criminal justice community that could help support a successful national transition to incorporate statistics in forensic testimony and accelerate the adoption of imaging technologies for firearm and toolmark examination.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Habib, Ayman, Darcy M. Bullock, Yi-Chun Lin, and Raja Manish. Road Ditch Line Mapping with Mobile LiDAR. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317354.

Full text
Abstract:
Maintenance of roadside ditches is important to avoid localized flooding and premature failure of pavements. Scheduling effective preventative maintenance requires mapping of the ditch profile to identify areas requiring excavation of long-term sediment accumulation. High-resolution, high-quality point clouds collected by mobile LiDAR mapping systems (MLMS) provide an opportunity for effective monitoring of roadside ditches and performing hydrological analyses. This study evaluated the applicability of mobile LiDAR for mapping roadside ditches for slope and drainage analyses. The performance of alternative MLMS units was performed. These MLMS included an unmanned ground vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a portable backpack system along with its vehicle-mounted version, a medium-grade wheel-based system, and a high-grade wheel-based system. Point cloud from all the MLMS units were in agreement in the vertical direction within the ±3 cm range for solid surfaces, such as paved roads, and ±7 cm range for surfaces with vegetation. The portable backpack system that could be carried by a surveyor or mounted on a vehicle and was the most flexible MLMS. The report concludes that due to flexibility and cost effectiveness of the portable backpack system, it is the preferred platform for mapping roadside ditches, followed by the medium-grade wheel-based system. Furthermore, a framework for ditch line characterization is proposed and tested using datasets acquired by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems over a state highway. An existing ground filtering approach is modified to handle variations in point density of mobile LiDAR data. Hydrological analyses, including flow direction and flow accumulation, are applied to extract the drainage network from the digital terrain model (DTM). Cross-sectional/longitudinal profiles of the ditch are automatically extracted from LiDAR data and visualized in 3D point clouds and 2D images. The slope derived from the LiDAR data was found to be very close to highway cross slope design standards of 2% on driving lanes, 4% on shoulders, as well as 6-by-1 slope for ditch lines. Potential flooded regions are identified by detecting areas with no LiDAR return and a recall score of 54% and 92% was achieved by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems, respectively. Furthermore, a framework for ditch line characterization is proposed and tested using datasets acquired by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems over a state highway. An existing ground filtering approach is modified to handle variations in point density of mobile LiDAR data. Hydrological analyses, including flow direction and flow accumulation, are applied to extract the drainage network from the digital terrain model (DTM). Cross-sectional/longitudinal profiles of the ditch are automatically extracted from LiDAR data, and visualized in 3D point clouds and 2D images. The slope derived from the LiDAR data was found to be very close to highway cross slope design standards of 2% on driving lanes, 4% on shoulder, as well as 6-by-1 slope for ditch lines. Potential flooded regions are identified by detecting areas with no LiDAR return and a recall score of 54% and 92% was achieved by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems, respectively.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Kompaniets, Alla, Hanna Chemerys, and Iryna Krasheninnik. Using 3D modelling in design training simulator with augmented reality. [б. в.], February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3740.

Full text
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the theoretical consideration of the problem and the use of innovative technologies in the educational process in the educational establishment of secondary education in the process of studying the school course of computer science. The main advantages of using educational simulators in the educational process are considered, based on the new state standard of basic and complete general secondary education. Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and network sources, the features of the development of simulators for educational purposes are described. Innovative tools for simulator development have been investigated, as augmented reality with the use of three-dimensional simulation. The peculiarities of using a simulator with augmented reality when studying the topic of algorithmization in the course of studying a school computer science are considered. The article also describes the implementation of augmented reality simulator for the formation of algorithmic thinking skills by students, presents the results of development and describes the functionality of the software product. In the further prospects of the study, it is planned to conduct an experimental study to determine the effectiveness of the use of software development in the learning process.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Armstead, Charity Calvin. Period Foundation Garments and the Changing Standard Form: Using 3D Body Scanning and Standardized Size Charts to Examine the Malleability of the Female Figure. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8813.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Tuller, Markus, Asher Bar-Tal, Hadar Heller, and Michal Amichai. Optimization of advanced greenhouse substrates based on physicochemical characterization, numerical simulations, and tomato growth experiments. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600009.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Over the last decade there has been a dramatic shift in global agricultural practice. The increase in human population, especially in underdeveloped arid and semiarid regions of the world, poses unprecedented challenges to production of an adequate and economically feasible food supply to undernourished populations. Furthermore, the increased living standard in many industrial countries has created a strong demand for high-quality, out-of-season vegetables and fruits as well as for ornamentals such as cut and potted flowers and bedding plants. As a response to these imminent challenges and demands and because of a ban on methyl bromide fumigation of horticultural field soils, soilless greenhouse production systems are regaining increased worldwide attention. Though there is considerable recent empirical and theoretical research devoted to specific issues related to control and management of soilless culture production systems, a comprehensive approach that quantitatively considers all relevant physicochemical processes within the growth substrates is lacking. Moreover, it is common practice to treat soilless growth systems as static, ignoring dynamic changes of important physicochemical and hydraulic properties due to root and microbial growth that require adaptation of management practices throughout the growth period. To overcome these shortcomings, the objectives of this project were to apply thorough physicochemical characterization of commonly used greenhouse substrates in conjunction with state-of-the-art numerical modeling (HYDRUS-3D, PARSWMS) to not only optimize management practices (i.e., irrigation frequency and rates, fertigation, container size and geometry, etc.), but to also “engineer” optimal substrates by mixing organic (e.g., coconut coir) and inorganic (e.g., perlite, pumice, etc.) base substrates and modifying relevant parameters such as the particle (aggregate) size distribution. To evaluate the proposed approach under commercial production conditions, characterization and modeling efforts were accompanied by greenhouse experiments with tomatoes. The project not only yielded novel insights regarding favorable physicochemical properties of advanced greenhouse substrates, but also provided critically needed tools for control and management of containerized soilless production systems to provide a stress-free rhizosphere environment for optimal yields, while conserving valuable production resources. Numerical modeling results provided a more scientifically sound basis for the design of commercial greenhouse production trials and selection of adequate plant-specific substrates, thereby alleviating the risk of costly mistrials.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Heitman, Joshua L., Alon Ben-Gal, Thomas J. Sauer, Nurit Agam, and John Havlin. Separating Components of Evapotranspiration to Improve Efficiency in Vineyard Water Management. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7594386.bard.

Full text
Abstract:
Vineyards are found on six of seven continents, producing a crop of high economic value with much historic and cultural significance. Because of the wide range of conditions under which grapes are grown, management approaches are highly varied and must be adapted to local climatic constraints. Research has been conducted in the traditionally prominent grape growing regions of Europe, Australia, and the western USA, but far less information is available to guide production under more extreme growing conditions. The overarching goal of this project was to improve understanding of vineyard water management related to the critical inter-row zone. Experiments were conducted in moist temperate (North Carolina, USA) and arid (Negev, Israel) regions in order to address inter-row water use under high and low water availability conditions. Specific objectives were to: i) calibrate and verify a modeling technique to identify components of evapotranspiration (ET) in temperate and semiarid vineyard systems, ii) evaluate and refine strategies for excess water removal in vineyards for moist temperate regions of the Southeastern USA, and iii) evaluate and refine strategies for water conservation in vineyards for semi-arid regions of Israel. Several new measurement and modeling techniques were adapted and assessed in order to partition ET between favorable transpiration by the grapes and potentially detrimental water use within the vineyard inter-row. A micro Bowen ratio measurement system was developed to quantify ET from inter-rows. The approach was successful at the NC site, providing strong correlation with standard measurement approaches and adding capability for continuous, non-destructive measurement within a relatively small footprint. The environmental conditions in the Negev site were found to limit the applicability of the technique. Technical issues are yet to be solved to make this technique sufficiently robust. The HYDRUS 2D/3D modeling package was also adapted using data obtained in a series of intense field campaigns at the Negev site. The adapted model was able to account for spatial variation in surface boundary conditions, created by diurnal canopy shading, in order to accurately calculate the contribution of interrow evaporation (E) as a component of system ET. Experiments evaluated common practices in the southeastern USA: inter-row cover crops purported to reduce water availability and thereby favorably reduce grapevine vegetative growth; and southern Israel: drip irrigation applied to produce a high value crop with maximum water use efficiency. Results from the NC site indicated that water use by the cover crop contributed a significant portion of vineyard ET (up to 93% in May), but that with ample rainfall typical to the region, cover crop water use did little to limit water availability for the grape vines. A potential consequence, however, was elevated below canopy humidity owing to the increased inter-row evapotranspiration associated with the cover crops. This creates increased potential for fungal disease occurrence, which is a common problem in the region. Analysis from the Negev site reveals that, on average, E accounts for about10% of the total vineyard ET in an isolated dripirrigated vineyard. The proportion of ET contributed by E increased from May until just before harvest in July, which could be explained primarily by changes in weather conditions. While non-productive water loss as E is relatively small, experiments indicate that further improvements in irrigation efficiency may be possible by considering diurnal shading effects on below canopy potential ET. Overall, research provided both scientific and practical outcomes including new measurement and modeling techniques, and new insights for humid and arid vineyard systems. Research techniques developed through the project will be useful for other agricultural systems, and the successful synergistic cooperation amongst the research team offers opportunity for future collaboration.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Standards 3D' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography