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1
Lee, M. J., Jianliang Zheng, Young-Bae Ko, and Deepesh Man Shrestha. "Emerging standards for wireless mesh technology." IEEE Wireless Communications 13, no. 2 (April 2006): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwc.2006.1632481.
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Darroudi, Seyed Mahdi, Carles Gomez, and Jon Crowcroft. "Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh Networks: A Standards Perspective." IEEE Communications Magazine 58, no. 4 (April 2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.1900523.
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Arevalo, Liliana, and Vernon Cooray. "‘The mesh method’ in lightning protection standards – Revisited." Journal of Electrostatics 68, no. 4 (August 2010): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2010.03.003.
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van Rijn, Thomas, and Jill Wakefield. "Post-Brexit: Untangling the fishing mesh." Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 27, no. 5 (September 23, 2020): 660–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1023263x20951127.
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Fisheries is one of the key issues in the negotiations for an agreement between the UK and the EU on their future relationship. At the end of the transition period, the UK will have full sovereignty over its waters but the EU is demanding the continuation of the existing pattern of fishing as far as possible. This article untangles the different elements of the issue. It demonstrates the international legal requirements for the regulation of fishing that will have to be met by the UK. To meet its obligations with regard to access to and use of fish resources under international law, a close cooperation with the EU and other neighbouring countries will be necessary. As the EU negotiation position links a free trade agreement with an agreement on fisheries while the UK is seeking discrete trade and fisheries agreements, the position at the end of 2020 is very uncertain. The problems regarding the trade in fish and fishery products, customs duties and sanitary product standards will be examined. EU provisions on environmental standards and marine protected areas will in principle no longer be applicable in the UK, but marine environmental protection is an obligation of international law so the protection of the marine environment and ecosystems in UK waters post-Brexit will be considered. We conclude by considering whether Brexit will deliver anticipated benefits.
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Yang, Liu Qing. "Forest Fire Prevention Video Data Transmission System Design Based on Wireless Mesh Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 713-715 (January 2015): 1061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.713-715.1061.
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For forest fire prevention video monitoring data collection requirements,making video data collecting transmission system design based on wireless mesh network;including design standards and principles,design solutions and wireless network video monitoring system design;On the use of standards,working frequency,network infrastructure, coverage solutions,link budget,frequency planning, equipment power supply,supporting transmission and AC design describes the design proposal,proposed overall solution on wireless mesh network digital video system and applied to practical forest fire prevention wireless network video monitoring system,and achieved practical application of research results.
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Spitas, C., and V. Spitas. "Generating standard 20° involute pinions with increased fillet strength by using 25° rack cutters with non-standard module." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 220, no. 8 (August 1, 2006): 1297–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes350ft.
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According to all prevailing standards for gear design, a strict guideline is that the individual gears of a gear pair must be of the same module and pressure angle in order to mesh properly and the compatibility of the remaining geometrical parameters is determined under this assumption. However, in this article, the fundamental meshing principles of a generating rack and pinion are reinterpreted, and a more insightful form of the compatibility equations for involute gears is presented. In this context, stronger tooth forms with thicker root fillets can be produced using 25° rack cutters and still be able to mesh with standard 20° involute gears indiscriminately. The increased strength of pinions of the proposed design versus their standard counterparts is verified with finite element analysis.
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Lawson, Sarah J., Cliff S. Law, Mike J. Harvey, Thomas G. Bell, Carolyn F. Walker, Warren J. de Bruyn, and Eric S. Saltzman. "Methanethiol, dimethyl sulfide and acetone over biologically productive waters in the southwest Pacific Ocean." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 5 (March 16, 2020): 3061–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3061-2020.
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Abstract. Atmospheric methanethiol (MeSHa), dimethyl sulfide (DMSa) and acetone (acetonea) were measured over biologically productive frontal waters in the remote southwest Pacific Ocean in summertime 2012 during the Surface Ocean Aerosol Production (SOAP) voyage. MeSHa mixing ratios varied from below the detection limit (< 10 ppt) up to 65 ppt and were 3 %–36 % of parallel DMSa mixing ratios. MeSHa and DMSa were correlated over the voyage (R2=0.3, slope = 0.07) with a stronger correlation over a coccolithophore-dominated phytoplankton bloom (R2=0.5, slope 0.13). The diurnal cycle for MeSHa shows similar behaviour to DMSa with mixing ratios varying by a factor of ∼ 2 according to time of day with the minimum levels of both MeSHa and DMSa occurring at around 16:00 LT (local time, all times in this paper are in local time). A positive flux of MeSH out of the ocean was calculated for three different nights and ranged from 3.5 to 5.8 µmol m−2 d−1, corresponding to 14 %–24 % of the DMS flux (MeSH ∕ (MeSH + DMS)). Spearman rank correlations with ocean biogeochemical parameters showed a moderate-to-strong positive, highly significant relationship between both MeSHa and DMSa with seawater DMS (DMSsw) and a moderate correlation with total dimethylsulfoniopropionate (total DMSP). A positive correlation of acetonea with water temperature and negative correlation with nutrient concentrations are consistent with reports of acetone production in warmer subtropical waters. Positive correlations of acetonea with cryptophyte and eukaryotic phytoplankton numbers, and high-molecular-weight sugars and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), suggest an organic source. This work points to a significant ocean source of MeSH, highlighting the need for further studies into the distribution and fate of MeSH, and it suggests links between atmospheric acetone levels and biogeochemistry over the mid-latitude ocean. In addition, an intercalibration of DMSa at ambient levels using three independently calibrated instruments showed ∼ 15 %–25 % higher mixing ratios from an atmospheric pressure ionisation chemical ionisation mass spectrometer (mesoCIMS) compared to a gas chromatograph with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector (GC-SCD) and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS). Some differences were attributed to the DMSa gradient above the sea surface and differing approaches of integrated versus discrete measurements. Remaining discrepancies were likely due to different calibration scales, suggesting that further investigation of the stability and/or absolute calibration of DMS standards used at sea is warranted.
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Wicaksono, Arief Ikhwan, and Chanief Budi Setiawan. "ANALYSIS OF IGRP PERFORMANCE IN WDS MESH TOPOLOGY BASED ON IEEE 802.11 STANDARDS." Compiler 7, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.28989/compiler.v7i2.369.
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Zhang, C., and B. Mao. "3D BUILDING MODELS SEGMENTATION BASED ON K-MEANS++ CLUSTER ANALYSIS." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W2 (October 5, 2016): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w2-57-2016.
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3D mesh model segmentation is drawing increasing attentions from digital geometry processing field in recent years. The original 3D mesh model need to be divided into separate meaningful parts or surface patches based on certain standards to support reconstruction, compressing, texture mapping, model retrieval and etc. Therefore, segmentation is a key problem for 3D mesh model segmentation. In this paper, we propose a method to segment Collada (a type of mesh model) 3D building models into meaningful parts using cluster analysis. Common clustering methods segment 3D mesh models by K-means, whose performance heavily depends on randomized initial seed points (i.e., centroid) and different randomized centroid can get quite different results. Therefore, we improved the existing method and used K-means++ clustering algorithm to solve this problem. Our experiments show that K-means++ improves both the speed and the accuracy of K-means, and achieve good and meaningful results.
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Yang, Liu-qing, and Guo’an Zhang. "Design of a Video Data Sampling and Transmission System Based on Wireless Mesh Network." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (August 31, 2015): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001509010355.
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A video data sampling and transmission system is designed for video monitoring based on wireless mesh network. Discussion is made on the use of standards, working frequency, network infrastructure, coverage solutions, link budget, frequency planning, power supply, supporting transmission and AC design. Overall solution on wireless Mesh network digital video system is proposed and it is applied to practical wireless network video monitoring system, and good results are achieved through practical application.
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Saravanan, Somasundaram, and Krishnamorthy Raghukandan. "Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Wire-Mesh Reinforced Dissimilar Explosive Cladding." Materials Science Forum 910 (January 2018): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.910.14.
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Explosive cladding employs a controlled chemical explosive detonation to craft a metallurgical bond between similar and dissimilar metals. Aluminum 5052-copper and aluminum 5052-aluminum 1100 plates are explosively cladded with a stainless steel wire-mesh, having 900 orientation between them, at varied loading ratios (mass of explosive/mass of flyer plate). Microstructural, corrosion and mechanical properties of the clad were evaluated as per relevant standards and the results are presented. The dissimilar wire-mesh interlayered explosive clad reveal wavy topography, with the interfacial wave amplitude and wavelength proportional to loading ratio, R. The mechanical behavior of wire-mesh reinforced clad is better than weaker aluminum parent plate.
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Umamaheswari, V., S. Kanchidurai, P. A. Krishnan, and K. Baskar. "Strengthening of Brick Masonry with Welded Wire Mesh." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.12 (July 20, 2018): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.12.15902.
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Unreinforced brickwork (URM) is the most established development method. URM being weak can't withstand the parallel burdens amid a seismic region. Consequently, it is important to locate an appropriate low-cost technique to fortify existing brickwork structures. In this paper flexural bond strength test was conducted on the rectangular brick masonry prisms with two types of welded wire meshes (epoxy coated mesh with the spacing of 12mm and galvanized iron wire mesh with the spacing of 15mm). Masonry prisms were cast and tested as per the guidelines are given in ASTM E518 /E518-15 standards. The results of the flexural bond strength embedded masonry prism show greater when comparing the prisms with no mesh embedment.
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Zhang, Shu Ren, and Zhong Long Li. "The Analysis, Discussion and Suggestions for the Mesh Reinforcement Technique of Polymer Mortar Wire Rope." Advanced Engineering Forum 5 (July 2012): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.5.271.
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The mesh reinforcement technique of polymer mortar wire rope is a new reinforcement technique used more in the domestic fittest reinforcement project recent years. Recently, there is no unified technical standards, the detailed practice is not same in practical work. There are big differences among the reinforcement effects. The key issue of wire rope is whether add prestressed or not. If add, how much should be prestressed? The difference of the actual practice and reinforcement effect reflects the understanding gap polymer mortar wire rope of mesh reinforcement technique action principle of the designer. A correct understanding of polymer mortar wire rope of mesh reinforcement technique the mechanism and the objective analysis strengthening effect and actively explore research in engineering application problems have a practical significance to promote the healthy development of the structure strengthening technology.
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Uzay, Çağrı, and Necdet Geren. "Effect of stainless-steel wire mesh embedded into fibre-reinforced polymer facings on flexural characteristics of sandwich structures." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 39, no. 15-16 (May 5, 2020): 613–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684420921952.
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In this study, flexural characteristics of low-density polyvinylchloride foam core sandwich structures consist of carbon fibre/epoxy facings hybridised with very thin stainless-steel wire mesh sheets were investigated. A comprehensive work was conducted considering the following design parameters: core thicknesses, wire mesh sizes, stacking sequences of wire mesh sheets and support span lengths for flexural tests. During the evaluation of flexural characteristics, experimental ASTM standards (C393, D3039, D7249 and D7250) were utilised. In addition, experimental flexural stiffness values were compared to analytically obtained results. By hybridisation of carbon fibre/epoxy facings with wire mesh sheets, significant improvements in flexural characteristics of sandwich structures were obtained. Besides improving bending behaviour and the larger amount of load-carrying capacity even at the same deflection values, the sandwiches with wire mesh sheets also prevented catastrophic sudden failure, which is the common case for carbon/epoxy/polymer foam core sandwiches. Response surface methodology was applied to evaluate the effects of the design variables on the load capacity of the sandwiches, and optimal solutions were revealed. The developed sandwiches can be good candidates in applications where both high stiffness-to-weight ratio and resistance to sudden failure are desired.
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Cimino, J. J. "Review Paper: Coding Systems in Health Care." Methods of Information in Medicine 35, no. 04/05 (September 1996): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634682.
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Abstract:Computer-based patient data which are represented in a coded form have a variety of uses, including direct patient care, statistical reporting, automated decision support, and clinical research. No standard exists which supports all of these functions. Abstracting coding systems, such as ICD, CPT, DRGs and MeSH fail to provide adequate detail, forcing application developers to create their own coding schemes for systems. Some of these schemes have been put forward as possible standards, but they have not been widely accepted. This paper reviews existing schemes used for abstracting, electronic record systems, and comprehensive coding. It also discusses the remaining impediments to acceptance of standards and the current efforts to overcome them, including SNOMED, the Gabrieli Medical Nomenclature, the Read Clinical Codes, GALEN, and the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).
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Cimino, J. J. "Coding Systems in Health Care." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 04, no. 01 (August 1995): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1638022.
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Abstract:Computer-based patient data which are represented in a coded form have a variety of uses, including direct patient care, statistical reporting, automated decision support, and clinical research. No standard exists which supports all of these functions. Abstracting coding systems, such as ICD, CPT, DRGs and MeSH fail to provide adequate detail, forcing application developers to create their own coding schemes for systems. Some of these schemes have been put forward as possible standards, but they have not been widely accepted. This paper reviews existing schemes used for abstracting, electronic record systems, and comprehensive coding. It also discusses the remaining impediments to acceptance of standards and the current efforts to overcome them, including SNOMED, the Gabrieli Medical Nomenclature, the Read Clinical Codes, GALEN, and the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS).
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Missa, Selfiana, Minsyahril Bukit, and Andreas Christian Louk. "PENENTUAN MORFOLOGI PERMUKAAN, SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIK BERDASARKAN PRESENTASE KOMPOSISI BAHAN CAMPURAN BATAKO." Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya 3, no. 1 (December 16, 2018): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/fisa.v3i1.596.
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ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang kajian Morfologi Permukaan, Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Batako dengan presentase komposisi bahan campuran batako. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan material tanah putih dan pasir. Selanjutnya bahan material dicampur dengan semen dengan variasi material 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 dan 1:9. Kemudian dicetak dengan cara, pemadatan dan pengeringan. Setelah proses pengeringan dilakukan pengujian karakteristik sifat fisik dan mekanik benda uji berupa: uji kuat tekan (compression strength), densitas (density), porositas dan karakterisasi SEM. Berdasarkan analisis data, batako yang memiliki nilai densitas untuk variasi campuran tanah putih 665 mesh 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,04 gr/cm3dan 1,99 gr/cm3. Pada variasi campuran tanah putih 114 mesh 2,16 gr/cm3, 2,14 gr/cm3dan 2,05 gr/cm3. Untuk variasi campuran pasir 665 mesh 2,04 gr/cm3, 1,89 gr/cm3dan 2,11 gr/cm3. Untuk variasi campuran pasir 114 mesh 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,11 gr/cm3dan 2,02 gr/cm3.kuat tekan batako pada variasi campuran tanah putih 114 meshsebesar 20 kg/cm² memenuhi standar kuat tekan minimum mutu IV. Sedangkan untuk porositas pada variasi campuran 1:6 dan 1:8 memenuhi standar penyerapan air pada mutu I dan mutu II.
Kata kunci: Tanah putih, pasir, densitas, penyerapan air, kuat tekan dan SEM.
ABSTRACT
A research of determination of surface morphology, physical properties and mechanical properties of brick based on the composition of the mixture has been done. This research was done by using material of white soil and sand. Then Materials are mixted with cement with materials variation 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 dan 1:9. Than each one was molded by means of compaction and drying. After drying process the physical and mechanical properties of the test specimen is done in the form of compression test, density, porosity, and SEM characterization. Based on data analysis, brick with mixed variation of white soil of 665 mesh has the density value of 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,04 gr/cm3 dan 1,99 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of white soilof 114 mesh has the density value are 2,16 gr/cm3, 2,14 gr/cm3dan 2,05 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of sand of 665 mesh has the density value are 2,04 gr/cm3, 1,89 gr/cm3 dan 2,11 gr/cm3. For brick with mixed variation of sand of 114 mesh has the density value are 2,05 gr/cm3, 2,11 gr/cm3dan 2,02 gr/cm3. Compressive strength of brick with mixed variation of white soil of 114 mesh is 20 kg/cm² meet the minimum compressive strength standard of quality IV. While for the porosity of brick with mixed variation of 1:6 and 1:8 meet the standards of water absorption standard of quality I and quality II.
Key Words : White Soil, sand, density, water absorption, Compressive strength, and SEM
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Levchenko, Irina V., and Albina R. Sadykova. "Approaches to solving the problem of search of scenarios of lessons on informatics for basic school in the Moscow E-School library." RUDN Journal of Informatization in Education 16, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8631-2019-16-3-231-242.
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Problem and goal. The article deals with the problem of search of scenarios of lessons on informatics for basic school in the Moscow E-School (MESH) Library. The goal is to identify the features of the MESH search engine and possible approaches to improving the process of scenarios of informatics lessons for basic school. Methodology. In the process of research was used a set of methods: analysis of the resources of the MESH library and normative documents; reflection of the content of knowledge obtained; searching for approaches to improving the process of finding scenarios of informatics lessons for basic schools in the MESH library; local pedagogical experiment. Results. Revealed the difference of the classification of sections and themes of the school informatics course provided by the Approximate Basic Educational Program [16] (in accordance with General Educational Standards [20]) and the MESH library classification [3], as well as the presence of a large number of controlled elements of MESH library content, indicated by the creators of the scenarios of lessons on informatics for basic school, what determines the problem of finding the right resources. The results of the study allowed to find approaches to solving the identified problem. Conclusion. The approaches to solving the identified problem of search of scenarios of lessons on informatics for basic school in the MESH library are proposed, their implementation can have a positive impact on the ability to find the necessary digital resource and, as a result, increase the effectiveness of professional activity of basic school informatics teacher.
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Uduma, A. U., Joseph Akumah Ojogba, and O. E. Okafor. "EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF POULTRY FEEDS SOLD IN KATSINA METROPOLIS, KATSINA STATE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 1 (August 17, 2021): 601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-692.
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In Katsina metropolitan, a variety of poultry feeds are available, and the quality and standards of these feeds are critical for the production of eggs and meat. As a result, the quality of selected chicken feeds sold in Katsina metropolitan was assessed by performing proximate analysis using AOAC methodology. Super starter, grower concentrate, broiler finisher, broiler starter, broiler super starter, layer mesh, grower mesh, and layer concentrate were among the samples used. The percentage mean to standard deviation was used to express the findings. The crude protein content of the diets studied ranged from 0.46 ± 0.00 percent to, 8.24± 0.02 percent, ash content 6.31± 0.01 percent – 33.30± 0.04 percent, crude fiber content 1.03 ±0.00 percent – 3.21± 0.00 percent, lipid content 0.11± 0.00 percent, 2.30 ±0.00 percent, moisture content 4.28 ±0.25 – 6.66 ±0.78 percent, and carbohydrate content 51.78± 2.68 – 83.72 ±0.57 percent. Although there was variation in the mean and standard deviation levels among the samples analyzed, such variations were not statistically significant (P>0.05) according to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the difference in the mean levels of parameters evaluated in eight samples
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Gourlis, Georgios, Farhang Tahmasebi, and Ardeshir Mahdavi. "Performance Simulation of External Metal Mesh Screen Devices: A Case Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 861 (December 2016): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.861.151.
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Early design decisions with regard to building facade characteristics play a significant role in the resulting building's thermal performance. In this context, external metal mesh screens -used as a permanent second facade skin- are a rather new shading alternative, particularly in non-residential buildings. It has been suggested that such products can filter excessive incident solar radiation while maintaining the facade’s transparent quality. Given the multifaceted implications of this shading device for building energy performance, we undertook a detailed simulation-based study to evaluate the impact of metal mesh screens on annual energy demand for heating, cooling and electric lighting in different European climate zones. Possible design variations were considered in terms of mesh screen translucency, window to wall ratio and facade orientation. The feasibility of using such a shading strategy to provide passive cooling during summer was also explored, along with suitable ventilation scenarios. Toward this end, we examined a number of existing approaches to simulate metal mesh screens and identified their capabilities and limitations. A typical office space was tested in three European locations, taking local building construction standards into account. The results of this study can help planners in their choice of the appropriate shading strategy and provide recommendations for the application of metal mesh screens according to the climatic and architectural criteria.
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Meng, Qingfei, Wensu Chen, and Hong Hao. "Numerical and experimental study of steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh strengthened structural insulated panel against projectile impact." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 8 (October 11, 2017): 1183–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433217733762.
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Extreme wind events caused damages and losses around the world every year. Windborne debris impact might create opening on building envelop, which would lead to the increase in internal pressure and result in roof being lift up and wall collapse. Some standards including Australia Wind Loading Code (AS/NZS 1170:2:2011, 2011) put forward design criteria to protect structures against windborne debris impacts. Structural insulated panel with Oriented Strand Board skin and expanded polystyrene core has been increasingly used in the building industry. Its capacity was found insufficient to resist the windborne debris impact in cyclonic areas defined in the Australian Wind Loading Code. Therefore, such panels need be strengthened for their applications in construction in cyclonic areas. In this study, impact resistance capacities of seven structural insulated panels strengthened with steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh were experimentally and numerically investigated. The impact resistance capacities were identified by comparing the damage mode, residual velocity and unpenetrated length of projectile after impact. Experimental results clearly demonstrated the enhancement of the impact resistance capacities of panels strengthened with steel wire mesh and basalt fibre mesh. Finite element model was developed in LS-DYNA to simulate the dynamic response of the structural insulated panels under windborne debris impact. The accuracy of the numerical model was validated with the testing data.
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Zhou, Zhi Min. "The Role of the Integrated Management of Spatial Data in Urban Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 241-244 (December 2012): 3063–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.241-244.3063.
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The importance of spatial data infrastructure for urban management, basic data element mesh data, component data, geocoding data statistics, the final data integration, sharing and analysis to improve access to digital data, and promote the standards of the urban management approach to enhance the urban management of spatial data analysis to provide a reference for future urban management.
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Freeman, Charles, Reuben Burch, Lesley Strawderman, Catherine Black, David Saucier, Jaime Rickert, John Wilson, et al. "Preliminary Evaluation of Filtration Efficiency and Differential Pressure ASTM F3502 Testing Methods of Non-Medical Masks Using a Face Filtration Mount." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 4124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084124.
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Research surrounding the mandated use of non-medical fabric masks is inconsistent and often confusing when compared to the standard N95. A recently published standard from ASTM International and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention attempts to normalize evaluation procedures. The purpose of this study is to conduct a preliminary evaluation of the new methods for testing filtration efficiency of masks outlined by ASTM International F3502, where results can be directly compared to standards outlined for non-medical fabric masks. Eleven consumer non-medical fabric masks were tested for filtration efficiency and airflow resistance using a face filtration mount in accordance with the newly released ASTM International standard for facial barriers. The mean FE% (SD) ranged from 0.46% (0.44) to 11.80% (2.76) with the 3-layer athletic mesh having the highest performance and the highest deviations. All the masks tested following the procedure failed to meet to minimum FE of 20%; however all masks performed below the minimum upper limits for airflow resistance. Using a non-medical fabric masks as the sole mitigation strategy may not be as effective, as previously reported. With efforts to standardize and regulate the non-medical fabric mask market, this study demonstrates a variety of currently available consumer mask products do not meet the minimum standards nor are these remotely close to the standards of surgical or N95 masks.
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Darroudi, Seyed Mahdi, and Carles Gomez. "Experimental Evaluation of 6BLEMesh: IPv6-Based BLE Mesh Networks." Sensors 20, no. 16 (August 17, 2020): 4623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20164623.
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Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) has become a major wireless technology for the Internet of Things (IoT). Recent efforts of academia, industry and standards development organizations have focused on creating BLE mesh network solutions. 6BLEMesh is a specification being developed by the IETF that defines an IPv6-oriented approach for BLE mesh networking. In this paper, we perform an experimental evaluation of 6BLEMesh, based on a real implementation. We evaluate latency, round trip time (RTT) and energy consumption. For the latter, we model the device current consumption, we determine the energy efficiency of communication, and we obtain the theoretical device lifetime (for battery-operated devices), for three different hardware platforms. Under the assumptions in our study (including a simple 235 mAh battery, and periodic data transmission), the maximum, asymptotic, device lifetime is 573 days, whereas battery-operated router devices can also achieve 3-digit lifetimes (in days) in many scenarios. Our results also illustrate the impact on performance of BLE-level and application-level parameter settings, adaptation layer mechanisms such as IPv6 header compression, and device hardware characteristics.
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Davis, Peter M., and Michael C. Qian. "Effect of Wine Matrix Composition on the Quantification of Volatile Sulfur Compounds by Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction-Gas Chromatography-Pulsed Flame Photometric Detection." Molecules 24, no. 18 (September 12, 2019): 3320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183320.
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The analysis of volatile sulfur compounds using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) is heavily influenced by matrix effects. The effects of a wine matrix, both non-volatile and volatile components (other than ethanol) were studied on the analysis of several common sulfur volatiles found in wine, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methanethiol (MeSH), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), diethyl disulfide (DEDS), methyl thioacetate (MeSOAc), and ethyl thioacetate (EtSOAc). Varying levels of devolatilized wine and common wine volatiles (acids, esters, alcohols) were added to synthetic wine samples to act as matrices. Sulfur standards were added and analyzed using gas chromatography with pulsed-flame photometric detection (GC-PFPD). Five internal standards were used to find best representatives of each compound despite matrix effects. Sensitivity remained stable with the addition of devolatilized wine, while addition of volatile components decreased sensitivity. DMS was found to be best measured against EMS; DMDS and the thioacetates were best measured against DES; H2S, MeSH, DEDS, and DMTS were best measured against DIDS. The method was used to quantitate the volatile sulfur compounds in 21 wines with various ethanol contents and volatile profiles.
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Adipratama, Muhamad Rizky, Reza Setiawan, and Najmudin Fauji. "Hasil Pengujian Proksimasi Dan Gas Buang Pada Briket Campuran Limbah Serutan Kayu, Sekam Padi Dan Bulu Ayam." Jurnal Teknik Mesin 14, no. 1 (June 8, 2021): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/jtm.14.1.489.
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Biomass energy is one that can be used as an alternative energy as a substitute for fossil fuels and can also be useful for reducing environmental pollution due to increasing waste or waste. The manufacture of briquettes from chicken feather waste, wood shavings and rice husk waste aims to help deal with the problem of waste and use it as an alternative fuel. The making of briquettes is carried out by the process of drying the ingredients, charcoal, milling, sieving, kneading, printing, drying, proximate testing and measuring emissions on the briquettes. In this study, the composition of a mixture of chicken feathers (30%, 40%, 50%), wood shavings and rice husk (35%, 30%, 25%) was treated as well as particle sizes of 30 mesh and 60 mesh. The results of this study indicate that the lowest moisture content is in sample B2 of 4.5%. The lowest levels of volatile matters were in sample A1 of 37.4%. The lowest ash content was found in sample B3 at 10.8%. The highest fixed carbon was found in sample A3 at 45.1%. The highest calorific value (Gross Calorific Value) is found in the B3 sample of 5594 Kcal / Kg. And it has the highest CO, CO2, and HC emissions produced from the briquettes, namely 0.24%, 0.8%, 46 ppm. The properties of briquettes that have met SNI standards are moisture content, calorific value (except for sample A1), and the resulting emissions. And those that have not met SNI standards are the levels of volatile matter, ash content and fixed carbon. The resulting briquette can be used because the calorific value obtained is quiet high, which is above the specified standard of ≥ 5000 Kcal/Kg.
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Atteya, Mostafa, Ove Mikkelsen, John Wintle, and Gerhard Ersdal. "Experimental and Numerical Study of the Elastic SCF of Tubular Joints." Materials 14, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 4220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154220.
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This paper provides data on stress concentration factors (SCFs) from experimental measurements on cruciform tubular joints of a chord and brace intersection under axial loading. High-fidelity finite element models were generated and validated against these measurements. Further, the statistical variation and the uncertainty in both experiments and finite element analysis (FEA) are studied, including the effect of finite element modelling of the weld profile, mesh size, element type and the method for deriving the SCF. A method is proposed for modelling such uncertainties in order to determine a reasonable SCF. Traditionally, SCF are determined by parametric formulae found in codes and standards and the paper also provides these for comparison. Results from the FEA generally show that the SCF increases with a finer mesh, 2nd order brick elements, linear extrapolation and a larger weld profile. Comparison between experimental SCFs indicates that a very fine mesh and the use of 2nd order elements is required to provide SCF on the safe side. It is further found that the parametric SCF equations in codes are reasonably on the safe side and a detailed finite element analysis could be beneficial if small gains in fatigue life need to be justified.
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Maksymowicz, Virginia, and Blaise Tobia. "An Alternative Approach to Establishing a Studio Doctorate in Fine Art." Leonardo 50, no. 5 (October 2017): 520–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01189.
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As soon as the creative arts migrated from academies into colleges and universities, questions about accreditation and evaluation arose. From its inception, the master of fine arts (MFA) degree has been problematic. Although the College Art Association published standards for the MFA in 1977, confusion remains between this terminal degree and the nonterminal master’s degree (MA) in fine arts. Some believe that the solution to this problem is to establish the PhD as the terminal degree in fine arts; however, this solution is problematic in other ways: Standard approaches to research and publication in PhD programs do not mesh with the reality of studio-based creative inquiry and production. A better solution might be the development of a doctor of fine arts (DFA) degree.
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Hamdi, Saibatul. "SIFAT MEKANIK PAPAN GYPSUM DARI SERBUK LIMBAH KAYU NON KOMERSIAL." Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v6i2.1231.
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The purpose of this research is to know the mechanical strength of gypsum board by utilizing waste sawn wood. Raw materials used consist of flour, gypsum,wood particles, boraks and kambang (Goniothalamus sp), wood tarap (Artocarpus elasticus REINW) and lua (Ficus glomerata ROXB). Wood particle 40 mesh and 60 mesh, concentrations boraks of 1 and 2 and the percentage particles of gypsum sawn timber is 300, 400 and 500%. The results showed that the average value Modulus of Rufture (MoR) in lua wood ranges from 12.55 – 14,47 kgcm2, wood kambang 25.10-31,11 kgcm2 and wood tarap 19.20- 24,18 kgcm2. As for Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) on the lua 1129,80- 2092,70 kgcm2, wood kambang 2512,37-3971,32 kgcm2 and tarap 2050,63-2691,09 kgcm2. Gypsum board are mechanical properties do not meet quality standards created SNI 03-6434-2000.Keywords: sawdust, lua, kambang, tarap, gypsum, mechanical
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Repa, K. A., and D. B. Williams. "Optimization of the production of a chromium thin-film AEM characterization standard by thermal evaporation." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 54 (August 11, 1996): 582–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100165379.
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The need for a chromium standard to characterize the performance of an analytical electron microscope (AEM) and its associated x-ray energy-dispersive spectrometer (XEDS) in quantitative terms which can also be used to realistically compare AEM-XEDS systems has long been recognized and becomes increasingly important as advances in the technology of electron microscopy are made. Previous thermal evaporation of a 100 nm thick chromium film onto a 20 nm carbon support film by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) provided a useful standard, but attempts to reproduce these results encountered difficulty in achieving consistent adherence to 200 mesh copper grids. These difficuIties are attributed to preexisting stresses in the carbon support film [Fig. 1] and as a result production of self-supporting Cr films was chosen, with the NIST standard serving as a model against which the present specimens were evaluated. Relevant properties of a characterization standard have been well defined and include the thickness, XEDS profile and grain size.
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Samo, Sidoine D., and Jean Louis E. K. Fendji. "Evaluation of Energy Consumption of Proactive, Reactive, and Hybrid Routing Protocols in Wireless Mesh Networks Using 802.11 Standards." Journal of Computer and Communications 06, no. 04 (2018): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jcc.2018.64001.
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Hatta, Zia Nurkhalida, Mursal Mursal, and Ismail Ismail. "Mechanical properties of coconut shell particle board using epoxy resin adhesive." Journal of Aceh Physics Society 10, no. 2 (April 14, 2021): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jacps.v10i2.19086.
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Abstrak. Papan partikel merupakan komposit yang tersusun dari filler (penguat) dan matriks (pengikat). Papan partikel dapat dibuat dari bahan limbah pertanian yang mengandung selulosa seperti tempurung kelapa. Penelitian ini menggunakan limbah tempurung kelapa sebagai filler dan resin epoksi (RE) sebagai matriks. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan ukuran partikel tempurung kelapa (60, 80, 100 dan 120 mesh) dan komposisi filler tempurung kelapa:perekat RE (70:30, 75:25, 80:20, dan 85:15 vol.%) untuk memperoleh sifat mekanik yang terbaik. Sifat mekanik yang diuji adalah modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, dan kuat tekan. Sifat mekanik papan partikel diuji sesuai standar ASTM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sifat mekanik menurun dengan bertambahnya komposisi tempurung kelapa. Namun sifat mekanik meningkat dengan mengecilnya ukuran partikel dari 60 ke 120 mesh. Papan partikel yang dihasilkan memenuhi persyaratan ANSI untuk ukuran partikel 120 mesh, komposisi tempurung kelapa 80 vol.%, dan RE 20 vol.%.Abstract. Particle board is a composite composed of filler (reinforcement) and a matrix (binder). Particle board can be made of agricultural waste material containing cellulose such as a coconut shell. This study used coconut shell particles as a filler and epoxy resin (RE) as a matrix. The research was conducted by varying the particle size of coconut shells (60, 80, 100 and 120 mesh) and the composition of coconut shell fillers:RE adhesive (70:30, 75:25, 80:20, and 85:15 vol.%) to obtain the best mechanical properties. The mechanical properties tested were modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and compressive strength. Particleboard was tested according to ASTM standards. The results showed that the mechanical properties decreased with increasing coconut shell composition. However, the mechanical properties increased as the particle size decreased from 60 to 120 mesh. The resulting particle board meets ANSI requirements for a particle size of 120 mesh, 80 vol.% of coconut shell composition, and 20 vol.% of RE. Keywords: Coconut Shell, Epoxy Resin, Mechanical Properties, Particle Board
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Okta Bani, Iriany, Taslim, Cici Novita Sari, and Cindy Carnella. "BIOBRIQUETTE PRODUCTION FROM PALM FRONDS AND SHELLS: EFFECT OF MATERIAL COMPOSITION AND PARTICLE SIZE." Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU 7, no. 1 (April 4, 2018): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v7i1.1632.
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Briquettes are solid fuels from organic materials with high calorific values and burn duration. The composition and particle size of the raw material may affect briquette quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of composition and particle size on calorific value and characteristics of the resulting briquettes. In this study, briquettes were made using palm oil fronds and shells at mass ratio of 1:2, 1:4, 1:6, 1:8 and particle size of not-dertemined, 50, 70, and 100 mesh. First, raw material was carbonized at 450°C for 30 minutes then added to 20%wt. starch glue and waste oil (1:1 ratio). Resulting briquettes were analyzed for its water content, ash content, density, volatile matter content, fixed carbon content, combustion rate, calorific value, and compressive strength. Satisfying results were obtained for briquettes with a front to shell ratio of 1:8, and a particle size of 100 mesh. At this condition, the resulting briquettes have water content of 5.5%; ash content of 2.54%; density of 0.51 g/cm3; 19.58% vapor content; fixed carbon content of 72.38%; combustion rate of 0.2 g/min (3.4×10-3 g/sec); calorific value of 15.3 kcal/g; and compressive strength of 0.06 N/mm2. These results have complied with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), Japanese, American, and English standards, except for briquette compressive strength, which have not met the industrial standard.
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Erazo-Rodas, Mayra, Mary Sandoval-Moreno, Sergio Muñoz-Romero, Mónica Huerta, David Rivas-Lalaleo, César Naranjo, and José Rojo-Álvarez. "Multiparametric Monitoring in Equatorian Tomato Greenhouses (I): Wireless Sensor Network Benchmarking." Sensors 18, no. 8 (August 4, 2018): 2555. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18082555.
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In recent years, attention has been paid to wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applied to precision agriculture. However, few studies have compared the technologies of different communication standards in terms of topology and energy efficiency. This paper presents the design and implementation of the hardware and software of three WSNs with different technologies and topologies of wireless communication for tomato greenhouses in the Andean region of Ecuador, as well as the comparative study of the performance of each of them. Two companion papers describe the study of the dynamics of the energy consumption and of the monitored variables. Three WSNs were deployed, two of them with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard with star and mesh topologies (ZigBee and DigiMesh, respectively), and a third with the IEEE 802.11 standard with access point topology (WiFi). The measured variables were selected after investigation of the climatic conditions required for efficient tomato growth. The measurements for each variable could be displayed in real time using either a laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench (LabVIEWTM) interface or an Android mobile application. The comparative study of the three networks made evident that the configuration of the DigiMesh network is the most complex for adding new nodes, due to its mesh topology. However, DigiMesh maintains the bit rate and prevents data loss by the location of the nodes as a function of crop height. It has been also shown that the WiFi network has better stability with larger precision in its measurements.
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Kelley, Carolyn. "Teacher Compensation and Organization." Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 19, no. 1 (March 1997): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/01623737019001015.
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Traditionally, teacher compensation has been viewed in isolation from other components of organizational reform. This paper examines changes in the conceptualization of schooling over time using an organizational lens, and considers how compensation systems might be better designed to match alternative organizational designs. Four different organizational designs are considered: scientific management, effective schools, content-driven, and high standards/high involvement. Implications of each design are considered for the development of compensation models which better mesh with current conceptualizations of schools and teachers.
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Chopra, Ravindra, Mukesh Kumar, and Nahid Akhtar. "Experimental Study on Fabrication and Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Plain Weave Copper Mesh Embedded Hybrid Composite with E-Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy GFRP Composite." Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology 1, no. 02 (August 17, 2021): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aijaset.v1i02.14.
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This paper presents the experimental study on on GFRP (Glass-Fiber Reinforced Plastic) composite which is fiberglass reinforced with epoxy matrix and find its mechanical properties that can be compared with other hybrid composite which include plain weave copper strips mesh in between the layers of fiberglass in GFRP composite. Both type of composites are made using hand layup technique i.e., placing of chopped fiberglass sheet and then epoxy resin layer by layer, after filling of epoxy and fiberglass at 20% fiber loading which is measured by digital scale, then a pressure is also applied on this sandwich. After 24 hours it is ready to be demolded and after 48 hrs. samples was cuts as per ASTM standards then testing was done on both GFRP and Hybrid composites to find their Mechanical & Physical Properties. Results shows improvement as we introduce plain weave copper strips mesh in between the GFRP laminate to make it hybrid.
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Davis, Peter M., and Michael C. Qian. "Effect of Ethanol on the Adsorption of Volatile Sulfur Compounds on Solid Phase Micro-Extraction Fiber Coatings and the Implication for Analysis in Wine." Molecules 24, no. 18 (September 18, 2019): 3392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183392.
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Complications in the analysis of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) in wine using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) arise from sample variability. Constituents of the wine matrix, including ethanol, affect the volatility and adsorption of sulfur volatiles on SPME fiber coatings (Carboxen- polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS); DVB-Carboxen-PDMS and DVB-PDMS), which can impact sensitivity and accuracy. Here, several common wine sulfur volatiles, including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methanethiol (MeSH), dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), diethyl disulfide (DEDS), methyl thioacetate (MeSOAc), and ethyl thioacetate (EtSOAc) are analyzed, using SPME followed by gas chromatography (GC), using a system equipped with a pulsed-flame photometric detection (PFPD) system, at various ethanol concentrations in a synthetic wine matrix. Ethyl methyl sulfide (EMS), diethyl sulfide (DES), methyl isopropyl sulfide (MIS), ethyl isopropyl sulfide (EIS), and diisopropyl disulfide (DIDS) are evaluated as internal standards. The absorption of volatile compounds on the SPME fiber is greatly affected by ethanol. All compounds exhibit a stark decrease in detectability with the addition of ethanol, especially between 0.0 and 0.5% v/v. However, the ratio of interested sulfur compounds to the internal standard becomes more stable when the total alcohol concentration exceeds 2%. EMS was found to best resemble DMS. EIS and DES were found to best resemble DMDS, MeSOAc, and EtSOAc. DIDS was found to best resemble DEDS, DMTS, H2S, and MeSH.
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Zhang, Hong. "The Design of Wireless Sensor Network System Based on ZigBee Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 686 (October 2014): 402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.686.402.
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The paper design hardware platform based on network node, and analyze ZigBee protocol architecture and standards of each layer; on based of ZigBee protocol stack, we design the application program of network coordinator and terminal node to realize the data acquisition; design of network system has the characteristics of low cost, small volume, test results show that the mesh topology, network support, can be rapidly deployed, temperature, humidity, light intensity information of the smooth reading environment, that can be used for domestic environmental monitoring field.
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Marahatta, Anup, Yaju Rajbhandari, Ashish Shrestha, Ajay Singh, Anup Thapa, Francisco Gonzalez-Longatt, Petr Korba, and Seokjoo Shin. "Evaluation of a LoRa Mesh Network for Smart Metering in Rural Locations." Electronics 10, no. 6 (March 22, 2021): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060751.
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Accompanying the advancement on the Internet of Things (IoT), the concept of remote monitoring and control using IoT devices is becoming popular. Digital smart meters hold many advantages over traditional analog meters, and smart metering is one of application of IoT technology. It supports the conventional power system in adopting modern concepts like smart grids, block-chains, automation, etc. due to their remote load monitoring and control capabilities. However, in many applications, the traditional analog meters still are preferred over digital smart meters due to the high deployment and operating costs, and the unreliability of the smart meters. The primary reasons behind these issues are a lack of a reliable and affordable communication system, which can be addressed by the deployment of a dedicated network formed with a Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) platform like wireless radio standards (i.e., LoRa devices). This paper discusses LoRa technology and its implementation to solve the problems associated with smart metering, especially considering the rural energy system. A simulation-based study has been done to analyse the LoRa technology’s applicability in different architecture for smart metering purposes and to identify a cost-effective and reliable way to implement smart metering, especially in a rural microgrid (MG).
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Karpenko, Mykola, and Marijonas Bogdevičius. "INVESTIGATION INTO THE HYDRODYNAMIC PROCESSES OF FITTING CONNECTIONS FOR DETERMINING PRESSURE LOSSES OF TRANSPORT HYDRAULIC DRIVE." Transport 35, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12335.
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The article presents the findings of theoretical and experimental research on hydraulic processes occurring in the hydraulic drives of transport machines. The paper analyses the influence of hydrodynamic processes on the flow characteristics of fluid considering different hydraulic fitting connections. The performed analysis is based on numerical simulations using Navier–Stokes equations for the velocity field. The dynamics of fluid flow in the hydraulic system has been investigated taking into account the main parameters like system flow rate in the range of 5 to 100 L/min, the diameter of the pipeline making 1/2” and fitting standards DKOL, ORFS, BSP and JIS. As a result, pressure drop, power losses, resistance and flow coefficients at different fitting connections have been obtained. The article compares the provided results with the findings given employing the calculation method for the standard of equivalent length fitting. To simulate fluid flow, a mesh independence study and turbulence calculations have been performed. Simulation results have been examined conducting physical experiments on measuring pressure losses. Each experimental research includes three measurements of connections bearing in mind each fitting standard.
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Wong-Ng, Winnie, Howard F. McMurdie, Boris Paretzkin, Madeline A. Kuchinski, and Alan L. Dragoo. "Standard X-Ray Diffraction Powder Patterns of Fourteen Ceramic Phases." Powder Diffraction 3, no. 3 (September 1988): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0885715600032966.
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The following fourteen reference patterns of boride, telluride, and oxide ceramics are reported. Included in the fourteen reference patterns are data for six high Tc superconducting oxide and related phases (Ba2CaCu2TI2O8, BaCuEu2O5, BaCuTm2O5, BaCuDy2O5, Ba3.2Cu1.7Y0.8O6.1·xCO2, Sr2Bi2O5). The general methods of producing these X-ray powder diffraction reference patterns are described in this journal, Vol. 1, No. 1, pg. 40 (1986).Samples were mixed with one or two internal standards: silicon (SRM640a), silver, tungsten, or fluorophlogopite (SRM675). Expected 2θ values for these internal standards are specified in the methods described (ibid.). Data were measured with a computer controlled step-scanning diffractometer. The POWDER-PATTERN system of computer programs was used to locate peak positions, to calibrate the patterns, and to perform variable indexing and least-squares cell refinement. A check on the overall internal consistency of the data was also provided by a computer method.Intensities were measured as peak heights above background and were read manually from strip charts. To minimize preferred orientation effects, the powders were passed through a 400 mesh sieve and were mixed with an amorphous diluent, silica gel. Sample mounts were prepared by side-drifting and/or by dusting a thin layer of sample on a glass slide coated with a thin smear of silicone grease.
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Diharyo. "EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF ABSORPTION CAPACITY OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL BY IMMERSING H3PO4 AND GRAIN SIZE PALM OIL SHELLS ON INSTALLATION OF PEAT WATER TREATMENT." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 5 (June 19, 2020): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i5.2020.228.
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Peat water is one of the ground or surface water found in swampy and lowland peat areas, brownish red, high acidity, and has high organic content. Palm shells activated charcoal can be useful as a raw material for making activated carbon because it is very effective at absorbing organic content in peat water, testing the effectiveness of peat water treatment installation with activated arbons is one way to determine the adsorption power of activated charcoal against peat water contaminants. The aim of this study was to determine the absorption capacity of activated charcoal by immersing H3PO4 and grain size of mesh 200 palm oil shells through the effectiveness test of peat water treatment installation. The variables observed with the effectiveness test of peat water treatment installation were pH and iron content (Fe). Analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis that compares before and after treatment of peat water with activated carbon. From the measurement results of peat water parameters compared with the quality standards of the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 492 of 2010 concerning Drinking Water Quality. The results of testing the effectiveness of peat water installation with activated charcoal as a result of activation by immersion using Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4) with a grain size of palm shell charcoal of 200 mesh can improve the quality of peat water but do not meet clean water quality standards that are fit for drinking. An increase in peat water pH from 4.443 to 6.4 - 6.5, and a decrease in Fe content from 9.43 mg / l to 2.275 - 3.309 mg / l.
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Du, Ning, Zhi Long Liu, and Huai Guo Dong. "Design of Wireless Sensor Network for Fire Detection." Advanced Materials Research 981 (July 2014): 657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.981.657.
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The prevention and detection of fire have been hotly researched in worldwide. In this paper, an elaborate method of wireless sensor network for building fire safety is proposed. ZigBee technology is adopted in the wireless sensor system to help saving the energy cost and reducing energy consumption. In the routing selection, we choose MESH topology in wireless sensor networks in order to enlarge the monitoring scope. Each end module consists of a microcontroller on Arduino Due board and an Xbee Pro S2 wireless communication module based on the Zigbee standards. Sensors are used for detection which makes it possible to detect fire before inflammation.
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Norton, Charles D., Viktor K. Decyk, Boleslaw K. Szymanski, and Henry Gardner. "The Transition and Adoption to Modern Programming Concepts for Scientific Computing in Fortran." Scientific Programming 15, no. 1 (2007): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/146752.
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This paper describes our experiences in the early exploration of modern concepts introduced in Fortran90 for large-scale scientific programming. We review our early work in expressing object-oriented concepts based on the new Fortran90 constructs – foreign to most programmers at the time – our experimental work in applying them to various applications, the impact on the WG5/J3 standards committees to consider formalizing object-oriented constructs for later versions of Fortran, and work in exploring how other modern programming techniques such as Design Patterns can and have impacted our software development. Applications will be drawn from plasma particle simulation and finite element adaptive mesh refinement for solid earth crustal deformation modeling.
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Alencar, Guilherme, Gonçalo Ferreira, Abílio M. P. de Jesus, and Rui Calçada. "Fatigue assessment of a high-speed railway composite steel-concrete bridge by the hot-spot stress method." International Journal of Structural Integrity 9, no. 3 (June 11, 2018): 337–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-11-2017-0061.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the fatigue performance of a welded detail from a composite steel-concrete railway twin girder bridge caused by a passenger train circulating at varying speeds, by identifying the dynamic amplification scenarios induced by resonance. For this purpose, the hotspot stress method is used, instead of the traditional nominal stress methods.Design/methodology/approachThis paper assesses the fatigue behavior of a welded connection considering critical stress concentration locations (hotspot). Finite element analysis (FEA) is applied, utilizing both a global and a local submodel, made compatible by displacements field interpolation. The dynamic response is obtained through the modal superposition method. Stress cycles are extracted with the rainflow counting method and the fatigue damage is calculated with Palmgren-Miner’s rule. The feasibility of five submodels with different mesh densities, i.e. 1, 2, 4, 8 and 20 mm is verified.FindingsAn increase in the fatigue damage due to the resonance effect was found for the train traveling at a speed of 225 km/h. A good agreement between the computed fatigue damage for the submodels is achieved. However, a non-monotonic hotspot stress/fatigue damage vs mesh density convergence was observed with a peak observed for the 4 mm model, which endorses the mesh sensitivity that could occur when using the surface stress extrapolation detailed rules specified in the standards for the hotspot stress method.Originality/valueAdvanced dynamic analyses are proposed to obtain local stresses in order to apply a local method for the fatigue assessment of a bridge’s structure subjected to high-speed railway traffic on the basis of the mode superposition technique resulting in much less computing times.
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Dmdok, Dissanayake. "Properties of Compressed Interlock Earth Blocks Manufactured from Locally Available Lateritic Soil for Low Cost Housing Projects." Advanced Engineering Forum 39 (February 2021): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.39.85.
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This investigation was carried out to identify the engineering properties of compressed interlock earth blocks manufactured from locally available lateritic soil and introduce to use the manufactured soil blocks to minimize the material and finishing cost for the low cost housing projects. The soil samples used in this study were well-graded lateritic sandy soil which has the composition of 1.9% gravel, 94% sand and 4.1% silt / clay. These soil samples were passed through the 100-mesh sieve and mixed with ordinary Portland cement to prepare the admixture. While compressing through a hydraulics jack by varying the compositions and the volume of soil-cement admixtures, compaction soil blocks were manufactured in a locally fabricated 250 mm x125 mm x100 mm standard steel mould. The manufactured soil blocks allowed to cure while spraying small quantity of water and covering with polythene for 28 days. Average compressive strengths of soil blocks made with 5% cement with 1.6:1 and 1.8:1 volume compactions were 1.3 Mpa and 1.9 Mpa, respectively. However, both compressive strength values were less than the standard limits of 2.8 MPa stated in SLS 1382:2009, local standards for soil blocks used for construction industry. However, soil blocks made with 10% cement under same compaction ratios attained compressive strengths of 3.0 MPa and 3.6 MPa respectively and it is above the required standards limits. However, 15% and 20% cement containing earth blocks have much higher compressive strengths but increase the cost of production. Regression analysis results confirmed the strong correlation between cement content and the compressive strength of the soil bricks. The soil bricks manufactured with more than 12.06% cement soil mix by maintaining compaction ratio into 1.6:1 or Soil bricks manufactured with more than 5.16% cement mix by maintaining compaction ratio into 1.8:1 will produce standards soil bricks for construction industry and these results further confirmed that wet and dry compressive strength of soil bricks will increase with increasing the compaction ratio and the cement content. However, when considering the compressive strength, water absorption level and cost effectiveness, soil bricks manufactured by maintaining compaction ratio into 1.8:1 with more than 5.16% cement mix will produce required standards cost effective soil bricks for construction industry.
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Li, Jun Chen, Jie Sheng, and Zhang Yu Fu. "Simulation Research of a Type of Pressure Vessel under Complex Loading Part 2 Complex Load of the Numerical Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (September 2013): 4662–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.4662.
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Loading of pressure vessel was usually complicated in practical service operating conditions. Simulation model of pressure vessel was built by method of finite element simulation analysis, and structured mesh generation was realized. Numerical calculation was come true, stress/strain distribution of pressure vessel was obtained in applying of the multi-load. On this basis, this condition compared with alone applied many loadings. The calculation results indicate the validity of this model, and results are evaluated according to relevant standards, which provide a way to study mechanical response in the actual working conditions. In addition, sub-model is analyzed for key part of pressure vessel, and transition is come true from large scale simulation to small scale simulation.
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Buttery, Joseph E., and Sandra Stuart. "Measurement of Porphobilinogen in Urine by a Simple Resin Method with Use of a Surrogate Standard." Clinical Chemistry 37, no. 12 (December 1, 1991): 2133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/37.12.2133.
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Abstract In this method for urinary porphobilinogen (PBG), urine is added to Bio-Rad AG1-X2 (200–400 mesh) acetate resin under alkaline conditions and mixed. After two water washes, the adsorbed PBG is eluted with acid and reacted with Ehrlich's reagent (p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde). Quantification is by comparison of the color developed with that of a PBG standard similarly treated or of a calibrated methyl red solution. The precision of assay of PBG at 20 and 50 μmol/L is 1.4% and 0.9% within-batch and 4% and 3.9% between-batch, respectively. The analytical recovery is about 90%, a proportion that appears to be inherent in the resin method. The proposed method (y) agreed well with the method of Mauzerall and Granick (x; J Biol Chem 1956;19:435–46), yielding the regression equation y = 0.957x + 2.9 (r = 0.993, n = 26). Good agreement was achieved with results determined from the PBG and the methyl red standards. The proposed method is inexpensive, simple to perform, and suitable for routine and emergency use.
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Farinella, Eleonora, Luca Viganò, Franco Bertolino, Bruno Ceccopieri, and Lorenzo Capussotti. "Combination of omentoplasty, trans-abdominal biological mesh, and vacuum-assisted closure system for complex pelvic floor reconstruction. An alternative to current standards?" International Journal of Colorectal Disease 28, no. 12 (March 21, 2013): 1729–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00384-013-1681-1.
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Arthurs, Christopher J., Rostislav Khlebnikov, Alex Melville, Marija Marčan, Alberto Gomez, Desmond Dillon-Murphy, Federica Cuomo, et al. "CRIMSON: An open-source software framework for cardiovascular integrated modelling and simulation." PLOS Computational Biology 17, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): e1008881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008881.
Full textAbstract:
In this work, we describe the CRIMSON (CardiovasculaR Integrated Modelling and SimulatiON) software environment. CRIMSON provides a powerful, customizable and user-friendly system for performing three-dimensional and reduced-order computational haemodynamics studies via a pipeline which involves: 1) segmenting vascular structures from medical images; 2) constructing analytic arterial and venous geometric models; 3) performing finite element mesh generation; 4) designing, and 5) applying boundary conditions; 6) running incompressible Navier-Stokes simulations of blood flow with fluid-structure interaction capabilities; and 7) post-processing and visualizing the results, including velocity, pressure and wall shear stress fields. A key aim of CRIMSON is to create a software environment that makes powerful computational haemodynamics tools accessible to a wide audience, including clinicians and students, both within our research laboratories and throughout the community. The overall philosophy is to leverage best-in-class open source standards for medical image processing, parallel flow computation, geometric solid modelling, data assimilation, and mesh generation. It is actively used by researchers in Europe, North and South America, Asia, and Australia. It has been applied to numerous clinical problems; we illustrate applications of CRIMSON to real-world problems using examples ranging from pre-operative surgical planning to medical device design optimization.