Academic literature on the topic 'Standart Penetration Test (SPT)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Standart Penetration Test (SPT)"
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Decourt, L., T. Muromachi, I. K. Nixon, J. H. Schmertmann, S. Thorburn, and E. Zolkov. "Standard penetration test (SPT): International reference test procedure." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts 27, no. 2 (April 1990): A93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0148-9062(90)95092-f.
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Daniel, Chris R., John A. Howie, and Alex Sy. "A method for correlating large penetration test (LPT) to standard penetration test (SPT) blow counts." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 40, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t02-094.
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The standard penetration test (SPT) split-spoon sampler is too small for investigations in gravelly soils. For this reason, several researchers have developed scaled-up versions of the SPT, commonly referred to as "large penetration tests" (LPT), and attempted to correlate the measured blow counts to SPT blow counts. Several LPTs have been in use worldwide; each with different drill rods, sampler dimensions, and hammer energies; hence existing published LPTSPT correlations differ for each system. This paper summarizes the LPT data in the literature and presents a fundamental method for predicting LPTSPT correlations. The proposed method is based on wave equation analyses of SPT and LPT and considers variations in test equipment, penetration resistance, and energy. It is shown that the method provides a unified approach for assimilating the various published LPTSPT correlations. Additional SPT and LPT data were collected at a sand research site to check the proposed method and to expand the LPT database. The observed and predicted correlation factors are shown to be in good agreement. The proposed correlation method will be useful as a logical framework for the comparison of LPT data collected throughout the world. Additional research will be required to extend this procedure to gravel sites.Key words: large penetration test, LPT, fundamental correlation method, wave equation analysis, grain size effects.
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Thorburn, S. "Field Testing: The Standard Penetration Test." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 2, no. 1 (1986): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.1986.002.01.07.
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AbstractThis introductory lecture discusses the international use of the standard penetration test (SPT) and presents the proposals for International Reference Test Procedures. The application of the SPT as a means of assessing the strength and stiffness of weak rocks is mentioned together with the reliance upon the test at the present time for estimating the liquefaction potential of saturated fine grained non-cohesive soils. The various aspects of the execution of the SPT are discussed which can provide variable and unrepresentative values of resistance (N values).The principle of measuring energy losses and making adjustments to the N values is introduced as a basis for ensuring comparability of test results.Reference is made to the general descriptions of the SPT given in BS 5930:1981 and to the lack of clear guidance in this British Standard.
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Suryanegara Dwipa, R. S., I. W. Arya, I. W. Wiraga, and I. M. W. Pramana. "Evaluation of liquefaction potential using cone penetration test (CPT) and standard penetration test (SPT)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1450 (February 2020): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1450/1/012016.
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Basoka, I. Wayan Ariyana. "PERBANDINGAN DAYA DUKUNG TIANG PANCANG BERDASARKAN PENGUJIAN CONE PENETRATION TEST (CPT) DAN STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT) PADA TANAH BERPASIR." UKaRsT 4, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/ukarst.v4i1.793.
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Design of building structure always related to the foundation, field testing is often done to test the bearing capacity of the soil in the form of a cone penetration test (CPT) and a standard penetration test (SPT). From the two field tests that are often done, it is necessary to research the amount of bearing capacity obtained through CPT and SPT data. This study uses a bearing capacity analysis of the pile foundation using CPT and SPT data in Pesanggaran, Bali, Indonesia. The analysis was carried out by comparing the bearing capacity of pile foundations using pile foundations with dimensions of 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm and 30 cm at a level of 10 meters. The results of the bearing capacity percentage are then compared. From the analysis conducted, the bearing capacity of pile foundations using CPT data has a higher value than the carrying capacity of poles using SPT data with a bearing capacity difference of 10,4-16,3%.Perancangan suatu struktur erat kaitannya dengan fondasi, pengujian lapangan yang sering dilakukan untuk mengetahui daya dukung fondasi berupa cone penetration test (CPT) dan standard penetration test (SPT). Dari dua pengujian lapangan yang sering dilakukan, maka perlu dilakukan dilakukan penelitian mengenai seberapa besar perbedaan hasil daya dukung yang diperoleh melalui data CPT dan SPT. Penelitian ini melakukan perbandingan analisis daya dukung fondasi tiang dengan menggunakan data CPT dan SPT di Pesanggaran, Bali, Indonesia. Analisis dilakukan dengan membandingkan daya dukung fondasi tiang menggunakan fondasi tiang berdimensi 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm, dan 30 cm pada kedalaman 10 meter. Hasil persentase daya dukung yang diperoleh kemudian dibandingkan. Dari analisis yang dilakukan, diperoleh daya dukung fondasi tiang menggunakan data CPT memiliki nilai lebih tinggi daripada daya dukung tiang menggunakan data SPT dengan perbedaan daya dukung 10,4-16,3%.
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Sy, Alex, and R. G. (Dick) Campanella. "Becker and standard penetration tests (BPT–SPT) correlations with consideration of casing friction." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 31, no. 3 (June 1, 1994): 343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t94-042.
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The Becker penetration test (BPT), through correlations with the standard penetration test (SPT), is widely used for foundation design and liquefaction assessment in gravelly soils. Most of the existing correlations, however, do not adequately account for the variable energy output of the diesel hammer used in the Becker system, and shaft friction on the Becker casing is ignored. An alternative and more rational approach to BPT–SPT correlations is presented, based on experimental and numerical studies conducted at the University of British Columbia. The research involves performing SPT, BPT, and other in situ tests at several sites in British Columbia and includes dynamic measurements of energy transfer in the SPT and BPT. Stress-wave measurements and wave-equation analyses are used to evaluate the effect of friction on the BPT blow count. New BPT–SPT correlations are proposed that consider the energy transfer in both tests and explicitly consider casing friction in the BPT. A recommended procedure for estimating equivalent SPT N60 from BPT blow count is presented. Key words : Becker penetration test, standard penetration test, dynamic measurement, pile driving, stress-wave propagation.
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Göktepe, A. Burak, Selim Altun, and Alper Sezer. "Evaluation and use of clustering algorithms for standard penetration test data classification." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 29, no. 1 (July 14, 2014): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089006041400033x.
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AbstractThe standard penetration test (SPT) is the most common test conducted in the field, and it is used to determine in situ properties of different soils. Although it is a matter of debate, these tests are also used for the determination of the consistency of fine-grained soils, whereby the test results can also be utilized to establish numerous empirical correlations to predict the strength of soils in the field. In this study, unsupervised clustering algorithms were employed to classify the SPT standard penetration resistance value (SPT-N) in the field. In this scope, shear strength and liquidity index parameters were used to classify the SPT-N values by taking the classification system of Terzaghi and Peck (1967) into consideration. The results showed that the input parameters were successful for classifying the SPT-N value to an acceptable degree of strength attribute. Therefore, in cases where the SPT tests are unreliable or could not be performed, laboratory tests on undisturbed specimens can give valuable information regarding the consistency and SPT-N value of the soil specimen under investigation. Data in this study is based on several tests that were conducted in a region; nevertheless, it is advised that the results of this study should be evaluated using global data.
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Thomi, Rajib Bithom, and RR Susi Riwayati. "Analisa Daya Dukung Tiang Pancang Mini (Mini Pile) Pada Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Layanan Pendidikan Poltekkes Kemenkes Palembang." TEKNIKA: Jurnal Teknik 7, no. 1 (July 22, 2020): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35449/teknika.v7i1.130.
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Pembangunan suatu konstruksi, pertama – tama sekali yang dilaksanakan dan dikerjakan dilapangan adalah pekerjaan pondasi ( struktur bawah ) baru kemudian melaksanakan pekerjaan struktur atas. Pembangunan suatu pondasi sangat besar fungsinya pada suatu konstruksi. Secara umum pondasi didefinisikan sebagai bangunan bawah tanah yang meneruskan beban yang berasal dari berat bangunan itu sendiri dan beban luar yang bekerja pada bangunan ke tanah yang disekitarnya. Pondasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah pondasi tiang pancang dengan sistem hidrolik.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisa dan menghitung daya dukung tiang pancang (mini pile) menggunakan data cone penetration test (CPT) dengan metode lansung dan metode Van Der Ween, data standart penetration test (SPT) dengan metode Mayerhoff dan Luciano De Court, dan hasil perhitungan korelasi pembacaan manometer pada Hydraulic Jack.
Perhitungan kapasitas daya dukung rata-rata kedalaman 12 m pada data sondir (CPT) menggunakan Metode Langsung lebih efektif dibandingkan Metode Van Der Ween karena menghasilkan daya dukung rata-rata yang lebih besar dengan Qult (186,75 > 66,96) ton, dan Qijin (45,30 > 22,57) ton, pada data standard penetration test (SPT) menggunakan Metode Luciano De Court lebih efektif dibandingkan Metode Mayerhoff karena menghasilkan daya dukung rata-rata yang lebih besar dengan Qult (197,08 > 139,22) ton dan Qijin (65,69 > 46,41) ton.
Kata Kunci: Pondasi tiang, kapasitas daya dukung
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Sahrul Purba, M. Ikhwan Yani, and Fatma Sarie. "KORELASI NILAI STANDARD PENETRATION TEST (SPT) TERHADAP PARAMETER UJI KUAT GESER TANAH." Jurnal Teknika: Jurnal Teoritis dan Terapan Bidang Keteknikan 4, no. 2 (April 22, 2021): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52868/jt.v4i2.2726.
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Tanah memiliki peranan yang penting pada pekerjaan konstruksi. Tanah merupakan pondasi pendukung suatu bangunan yang berdiri diatasnya dan menjadi salah satu pendukung kokohnya suatu konstruksi. Maka perlu diketahui karakteristik tanah dan daya dukung yang dapat diberikan oleh tanah tersebut terhadap bangunan konstruksi. Salah satu parameter daya dukung tanah yang harus diketahui adalah kuat geser tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode statistika, yaitu regresi linear antara sudut geser dalam (?) dengan nilai N-SPT dan pengujian statistik meliputi uji regresi (R). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat dan membandingkan hubungan antara N-SPT (Nilai Standard Penetration Test) terhadap sudut geser dalam (?) pada jenis tanah lempung dan pasir. Pekerjaan dil-akukan di lokasi pembangunan gedung IPTEK dan inovasi gambut yang beralamat di lingkungan komplek Universitas Palangka Raya, Kota Palangka Raya, Kalimantan Tengah. Hasil korelasi antara N-SPT sebagai variabel bebas (x) terhadap sudut geser dalam (?) sebagai variabel tidak bebas (y) menghasilkan persamaan y = 0,3212x + 11,995 dengan nilai regresi sebesar 0,8971 di titik 1, dan per-samaan y = 0,3835x + 15,548 dengan nilai regresi 0,9004 di titik 2. Hal ini menjelaskan bahwa adanya hubungan yang sangat kuat antara N-SPT terhadap sudut geser. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan nilai re-gresi mencapai nilai ?0,75.
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Tini, Tini, Adrin Tohari, and Mimin Iryanti. "Analisis Potensi Likuifaksi Akibat Gempa Bumi Menggunakan Metode SPT (Standar Penetration Test) Dan Cpt (Cone Penetration Test) Di Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta." Wahana Fisika 2, no. 1 (June 20, 2017): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/wafi.v2i1.7022.
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Gempa bumi yang terjadi di daerah Bantul, Yogyakarta pada 27 Mei 2006 dengan magnitudo gempa bumi sebesar 6.3 SR dapat menyebabkan terjadinya bahaya likuifaksi yang dapat merusak bangunan khususnya di wilayah Bantul Yogyakarta. Investigasi geoteknik yang telah dilakukan di Bantul, Yogyakarta dapat memberikan gambaran lapisan tanah yang berpotensi terjadinya likuifaksi. Analisis potensi likuifaksi dilakukan berdasarkan data SPT (Standard Penetration Test) dan CPT (Cone Penetration Test) dengan percepatan maksimum tanah menurut Gutenberg Richter di daerah penelitian rata-rata bernilai sebesar 2.93 m/s2 dan menurut Donovan sebesar 2.88 m/s2. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukan bahwa lapisan tanah yang berpotensi likuifaksi didominasi oleh jenis tanah pasir lanauan da lanau pasiran yang berada pada kedalaman 0.2 – 3 m, 0.4 m, 2.4 m, 3.6 m, 7.6 – 7.8 m dan 8.2 m. Pengaruh percepatan maksimum tanah menurut Gutenberg Richter lebih besar terhadap terjadinya likuifaksi daripada menurut Donovan. Perbandingan hasil analisis potensi likuifaksi antara data SPT (Standard Penetration Test ) dan CPT (Cone Penetration Test) pada daerah penelitian menunjukan adanya kesamaan potensi likuifaksi pada lapisan tanah dengan kedalaman yang sama diantaranya pada kedalaman 0.2 m-4 m, dengan nilai Cyclic Strees Ratio (CSR) rata-rata sebesar 0.2, sedangkan berdasarkan nilai Cyclic Resistance Ratio (CRR) terdapat perbedaan nlai. Analisis berdasarkan data CPT lebih baik daripada data SPT karena data CPT lebih rapat daripada data SPT.The earthquake that occurred in Bantul, Yogyakarta on May 27, 2006 with the magnitudo of the earthquake of 6.3 SR can caused liquefaction hazard which could damage to teh building in the municipals of Bantul, Yogyakarta. Geotechnical investigation was carried in Bantul Yogyakarta, can give information about liquefaction hazard in soil layer. The liquefaction potential lanalysis was conducted using SPT and CPT methods, with Gutenberg-Richter’s maximum ground acceleration is 2.93 m/s2 and Donovan’s maximum ground acceleration is 2.88 m/s2. Result of liquefaction analysis indicate that the soil layer domination of silty sand dan sandy silt at the depth of 0.2 – 3 m, 3.6 m, 4 m 7.6 – 7.8 m and 8.2 m. Gutenberg-Richter’s maximum ground acceleration having influential for liquefaction potential better than Donovan’s maximum ground acceleration. Ratio result of liquefaction was conducted using SPT same as soil layer with CPT in resech location at the depth 0.2 m-4 m, with value Cyclic Strees Ratio (CSR) is 0.2. Even value Cyclic Resistances Ratio (CSR) have different value. The liquefaction potential lanalysis was conducted using CPT method better than SPT methods.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Standart Penetration Test (SPT)"
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Daniel, Christopher Ryan. "Energy transfer and grain size effects during the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) and Large Penetration Test (LPT)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/775.
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The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is the most widely used in-situ soil test in the world. "Large Penetration Test" (LPT) is a term used to describe any scaled up version of the SPT. Several types of LPT have been developed around the world for the purpose of characterizing gravel deposits, as SPT blow counts are less reliable in gravels than in sands. Both tests suffer from the lack of a reliable means of determining transferred energy. Further, the use of LPT blow counts is generally limited to calculation of equivalent SPT blow counts using correlation factors measured in sands. Variation of LPT blow counts with grain size is assumed to be negligible.
This research shows that safety hammer energies can be reliably estimated from measurements of hammer impact velocity for both SPT and LPT. This approach to determining transferred energy is relatively simple, and avoids the primary limitation of existing methods, which is the inability to calibrate the instrumentation.
Transferred energies and hammer impact velocities are collected from various sources. These data are used to determine the ratio between the hammer kinetic energy and the transferred energy (energy transfer ratio, ETR), which is found to follow a roughly Normal distribution for the various hammers represented. An assessment of uncertainty is used to demonstrate that an ETR based approach could be superior to existing energy measurement methods.
SPT grain size effects have primarily been characterized as the variation of an empirical relative density correlation factor, (CD)SPT, with mean grain size. In this thesis, equivalent (CD)LPT data are back-calculated from measured SPT-LPT correlation factors (CS/L). Results of a numerical study suggest that SPT and LPT grain size effects should be similar and related to the ratio of the sample size to the mean grain size. Based on this observation, trend-lines with the same shape as the (CD)SPT trend-line are established for the back-calculated (CD)LPT data. A method for generating the grain size effect trend-line for LPT is then proposed. These trend lines provide a rational approach to direct interpretation of LPT data, or to improved prediction of equivalent SPT blow counts.
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Perez, Waldo Flores, Jorge Chavez Cerdena, Gary Duran Ramirez, and Maggie Martinelli Montoya. "Correlation of dynamic probing light (DPL) and standard penetration test (SPT) for sandy soil of alluvial origin." Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/656568.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.In geotechnical studies, the dynamic probing light (DPL) turns out to be an alternative method to the Standard Penetration test (SPT) for the determination of soil parameters. The requirement of various regulations for correlating both tests in the same field and not establishing a methodology to carry it out, limits the practical scope of dynamic probing light. Thus, this research presents a correlation methodology between the dynamic probing light (DPL) and the Standard Penetration test (SPT) specifically for sandy soils (SP and SP-SM) located in an area of Chilca, located in Cañete. - Lima Peru. For the analysis, more than 400 data pairs were used, obtaining two linear correlations between the count blow of Standard Penetration-NSPT test and the dynamic probing light method-N10, which presented an adjustment correlation between 84% and 87 %.
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Lukiantchuki, Juliana Azoia. "Interpretação de resultados do ensaio SPT com base em instrumentação dinâmica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18132/tde-24052013-103725/.
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O ensaio de simples reconhecimento do solo (SPT) e usualmente utilizado para estimar a resistência do solo, atraves do índice NSPT, que representa a resistencia a penetração dinâmica do amostrador no solo. Esse índice é usado diretamente em correlações empíricas ou semi-empíricas na determinação da capacidade de suporte e recalque das fundações. Entretanto, esse ensaio tem sido alvo de críticas devido a utilização dessas correlações empíricas, geralmente baseadas em observações práticas e sem nenhum fundamento científico. Críticas também estão relacionadas com a dispersão dos resultados, devido a utilização de diferentes tipos de equipamentos e procedimentos executivos. O índice NSPT depende da parcela de energia que e efetivamente transmitida ao amostrador durante a queda do martelo. Assim, análises racionais dos resultados de ensaios SPT dependem essencialmente da estimativa da quantidade dessa energia. Por esse motivo, tem sido desenvolvidas diversas pesquisas relacionados com a energia envolvida no ensaio SPT. Este trabalho apresenta interpretações dos resultados do ensaio SPT a partir das quantidades de energia envolvidas durante a queda do martelo. Essas quantidades de energia são determinadas indiretamente, através dos sinais de força normal e aceleração durante a propagação da onda de tensão ao longo da composição de hastes. Para isso, foi desenvolvido um equipamento que inclui uma instrumentação capaz de registrar esses sinais de força normal e aceleração. Uma série de ensaios SPT foi realizada com instrumentação instalada tanto no topo como na base da composição de hastes. Esse arranjo permitiu estimar as quantidades de energia disponíveis no topo e na base da composição de hastes. Assim, foi possível determinar a eficiência dos equipamentos SPT com base na quantidade de energia que efetivamente atinge o amostrador. A partir dos sinais registrados, também foi possível determinar a resistência dinâmica mobilizada no sistema solo-amostrador. Os resultados experimentais foram comparados com resultados obtidos através de métodos teóricos, baseados no Princípio de Hamilton, para a determinação da resistência estática e dinâmica do solo. Essas análises mostraram que equações teóricas podem ser adequadas para a determinação da resistência do solo, desde que seja considerada a quantidade de energia que efetivamente atinge o amostrador. Desta forma, essas equações teóricas podem ser facilmente incorporadas na prática de projeto de fundações, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de métodos baseados na quantidade de energia necessária para a penetração do amostrador no solo.The standard penetration test (SPT) is usually used to estimate the soil strength through the NSPT index which represents the dynamic reaction force of the sampler penetration into the soil. This index is directly used in empirical or semi-empirical correlations for the determination of the bearing capacity and foundation settlements. However, this test has been criticized due to the use of these empirical correlations, often based on practical observation without any scientific basis. Criticism is also related to result dispersion due to the use of different types of equipment and execution procedures. The NSPT index depends on the amount of energy that is effectively transmitted to the sampler during the hammer fall. Thus, rational analyses of the SPT test results essentially depend on the estimation of this amount of energy. For this reason, several studies related to the energy involved in SPT test have been developed. This research presents interpretations of the SPT test results from the amounts of energy involved during the hammer fall. These amounts of energy are indirectly assessed by means of normal force and acceleration signals during the stress wave propagation along the string of rods. For this reason, a device that includes instrumentation capable of registering these signals of normal force and acceleration was developed. A series of tests was performed with the instrumentation installed at the top and the bottom of the string of rods. This arrangement allowed estimating the amount of energy available at the top and bottom of the string of rods. Thus, it was possible to estimate the efficiency of the SPT equipment basing on the amount of energy that actually reaches the sampler. From the recorded signals, it was also possible to assess the dynamic reaction force mobilized in the soil-sample system. The results were compared with other results obtained by theoretical methods, based on the Hamilton´s Principle, for evaluating the static and dynamic reaction force of the soil. These analyzes have shown that theoretical equations may be suitable for the determination of the soil strength, provided that the amount of energy that actually reaches the sampler be considered. Thus, these theoretical equations can be easily incorporated into the practice of foundation designs contributing to the development of methods based on the amount of energy required for the penetration of the sampler into the soil.
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Wright, Alexander David. "Comparison of Performance-Based Liquefaction Initiation Analyses Between Multiple Probabilistic Liquefaction Models Using the Standard Penetration Test." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3710.
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For the most recent and correct article, please click here: http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/9780784412787.086
This study examines the use of performance-based approaches in liquefaction hazard analysis. Two new methods of performance-based liquefaction initiation analysis are proposed which use the works of Juang et al. (2012) and Boulanger and Idriss (2012). Further advances are made by incorporating the performance-based magnitude scaling factors as proposed by Cetin et al. (2012). Using these new equations a comparative study is made between the three methods. Further comparisons are made between the performance-based approaches and the more widely used deterministic approaches. The comparisons reveal that on average for the 11 sites used in this study, the performance-based approaches tend to be slightly less conservative than deterministic approaches overall, with large differences possible for some locations in the country. They also reveal that the newer performance-based approaches are generally less conservative than the approach proposed by Kramer and Mayfield (2007). Some cases where this relationship does not hold true and the new relationships are more conservative are outlined.
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Ulmer, Kristin Jane. "Development of a Simplified Performance-Based Procedure for Assessment of Liquefaction Triggering Using Liquefaction Loading Maps." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5600.
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Seismically-induced liquefaction has been the cause of significant damage to infrastructure and is a serious concern in current civil engineering practice. Several methods are available for assessing the risk of liquefaction at a given site, each with its own strengths and limitations. One probabilistic method has been shown to provide more consistent estimates of liquefaction risk and can be tailored to the specific needs of a given project through hazard-targeted (i.e. based on return periods or likelihoods) results. This type of liquefaction assessment is typically called “performance-based,” after the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research (PEER) Center's performance-based earthquake engineering framework. Unfortunately, performance-based liquefaction assessment is not easily performed and can be difficult for practicing engineers to use on routine projects. Previous research has shown that performance-based methods of liquefaction assessment can be simplified into an approximation procedure. This simplification has successfully been completed for the Cetin et al. (2004) empirical, probabilistic standard penetration test -based liquefaction triggering model. Until now, such a simplification has not been performed for another popular liquefaction triggering model developed by Boulanger and Idriss (2012). As some engineers either wish to use or are required to use the Boulanger and Idriss (2012) model in their liquefaction assessments, there is a need for a simplified performance-based method based on this model to supplement that based on the Cetin et al. (2004) model. This thesis provides the derivation of a simplified performance-based procedure for the assessment of liquefaction triggering using the Boulanger and Idriss (2012) model. A validation study is performed in which 10 cities across the United States are analyzed using both the simplified procedure and the full performance-based procedure. A comparison of the results from these two analyses shows that the simplified procedure provides a reasonable approximation of the full performance-based procedure. This thesis also describes the development of liquefaction loading maps for six states and a spreadsheet that performs the necessary correction calculations for the simplified method.
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Salvaterra, Andre da Silva. "A investigação geotécnica como subsídio ao estudo da evolução quaternária de planícies costeiras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21136/tde-13072018-155247/.
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A partir da avaliação de um banco de dados com 192 sondagens SPT realizadas na costa do Estado de São Paulo, foram detalhadas neste trabalho duas perfurações executadas na planície costeira da RMBS, Município de São Vicente, litoral sudeste do Brasil, com objetivo de contribuir com o estudo estratigráfico regional, apresentando a descrição macroscópica, NSPT, resultados granulométricos, geoquímicos e geocronológicos que indicam a correlação de depósitos lamosos amostrados em profundidade nestes furos com eventos transgressivos marinhos regionais. Tais resultados permitiram o reconhecimento de depósitos lamosos associados ao Estágio Isotópico Marinho 3 (MIS3) com idades entre 44890 AP e 40950 AP, formados em ambiente mixohalino desenvolvido entre 7 e 19 m abaixo do nível do mar atual, tendo-se ainda, proxies geoquímicos que sugerem uma transgressão marinha (ou mudança climática) entre 43000 e 42000 AP. Os resultados de granulometria indicaram o predomínio de areia fina nos intervalos arenosos e silte grosso nos lamosos, com NSPT das areias entre 2 e 40 e NSPT das lamas entre 1 e 8, sendo que para as areias os números mais elevados estão relacionados aos depósitos com melhor seleção granulométrica, possivelmente, pela ação de dunas e/ou posicionadas inferiormente na coluna estratigráfica (e/ou próximas à base de cada intervalo), e para as lamas os maiores valores são encontrados nas porções inferiores das sondagens, provavelmente, devido ao peso da coluna sedimentar sobrejacente. Os resultados de diâmetro médio (φ), NSPT e CaCO3 apresentaram correlação em ambas as sondagens, observando-se para os maiores valores de φ, os menores de NSPT e os maiores de CaCO3. A distribuição dos metais na sondagem SP-02 revelou a existência de dois grupos principais, sendo o primeiro associado à dominância de minerais argilosos (K, Ba, Sc, Al, Mg e Sr), e o segundo, associado a óxidos (Fe, Ti, Cr, V, Mn, Cu, Ni e Zn), com a sequência basal lamosa (MIS5e) associada à fácies terrestre, e, as lamas intermediárias (MIS3) associadas a um ambiente mixohalino, indicando a possibilidade de rochas-fonte distintas ou mudanças nas condições climáticas entre MIS5e e MIS3.In this work, new evidence regarding a Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) transgression on the south-eastern Brazilian coast (Baixada Santista coastal plain) is shown. Data collected from two Standard Penetration Test (SPT) drillings allowed the distinction of four sandy intervals of three mud intervals, with the intermediate sequences revealing the occurrence of myxohaline sediments between BP 45,000 and 41,000 BP. A deeper sequence, which shows a clear transition from terrestrial to a myxohaline environment, was associated with the MIS5e. Organic and inorganic proxies have been used to recognize the variations on the terrestrial/myxohaline/marine deposits, as well as to infer about climate and energy of the depositional environment. Environmental change, which could correspond to a sea-level peak or the occurrence of drier conditions, was recognized between 43,000 and 42,000 BP. The SPT values in the sands varied between 2 and 40, while for muds the SPT values ranged from 1 to 8. The results of mean diameter (φ), SPT and CaCO3 presented a correlation in both drillings, with the highest values of φ, being the lowest of SPT and the highest of CaCO3. The results reinforce the need for future works on MIS3 variability on the South American Atlantic coast.
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Rojas, Parco Frank Gabriel, and Ortiz Jhow Mckevin Zamora. "Correlación de los valores Nspt con Ndpl en los suelos arenosos de la Asociación Agropecuaria Sumac Pacha - Lurin." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2015. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/1252.
Full textAbstract:
El presente trabajo de tesis, trata sobre las correlaciones de 2 diferentes equipos de penetración, en los suelos arenosos de la Asociación Agropecuaria Sumac Pacha ubicado en el distrito de Lurín, a fin de establecer ecuaciones de correlación entre ellas.
Para el desarrollo de la presente investigación, cuyo objeto es correlacionar el número de golpes del ensayo SPT con el número de golpes DPL. Para ello se realizaron los ensayos de campo en un terreno Arenoso de 25x40m (1000 m2) de la Asociación Agropecuaria Sumac Pacha, ubicado en el distrito de Lurín.
El ensayo SPT, es un ensayo de campo estandarizado que sirve para la determinación de la resistencia a la penetración del suelo y que se realiza dentro de una perforación, desde la superficie del terreno y con una profundidad y penetración definida. El ensayo DPL es un ensayo de campo para la determinación de la resistencia a la penetración del suelo. Se realiza el ensayo en terrenos arenosos con profundidades de hasta 8m.
Se realizó un estudio tipo no experimental transversal, que se llevaron a cabo en un depósito arenoso con poca presencia de finos. Se realizaron las caracterizaciones correspondientes por medio de ensayos de granulometría, Límites de Attemberg, Corte Directo, Humedad natural, Densidad natural.
Los Ensayos de Penetración se hicieron en suelos con características SP y SM en su mayoría, y de alto estado de densidad que varía de 1.483gr/cm3 hasta 2.182gr/cm3.
Los resultados obtenidos sobre la correlación entre los valores NSPT y NDPLfueron 2 ecuaciones que fueron hallados por diferentes métodos estadísticos. Concluye que las correlaciones obtenidas serán válidas hasta los 1.80 m de profundidad; siendo las ecuaciones de correlación únicas y exclusivas para la zona de estudio (Terreno de 1000m2 dentro de la Asociación Agropecuaria Sumac Pacha) de donde se puede deducir que el número de golpes NSPT y NDPL son directamente proporcionales.
This thesis, deals with two different tools correlations penetration in the sandy soils of the Agricultural Association Sumac Pacha located in the district of LurÍn, in order to establish correlation equations between them.
For the development of this research, which principal trial is to correlate the number of strokes of the SPT with the number of strokes DPL. To do field trials were conducted on sandy ground of 25x40m (1000 m2) of the Agricultural Association Sumac Pacha, located in the district of LurÍn.
The SPT is a standardized test field serving for the determination of resistance to soil penetration and is performed within a borehole from the earth surface and a defined penetration depth. The DPL assay is a field for determining the resistance to penetration of the soil. The trial in sandy soils with depths of up to 8m is performed.
A transverse non-experimental study, which was conducted in a sandy deposit with little presence of fines was performed. The corresponding characterizations by tests of grain, Attemberg limits, Straight Cut, natural humidity, natural density were performed.
Penetration tests were done in soil characteristics SP and SM mostly state and high density ranging from 1.483gr / cm3 to 2.182gr / cm3.
The results on the correlation between NSPT and NDPL values were two equations were found by various statistical methods. It concludes that the correlations obtained are valid until 1.80 m depth; equations being unique and exclusive correlation for the study area (1000m2 land within the Agricultural Association Sumac Pacha) where it can be deduced that the number of strokes and NDPL NSPT are directly proportional.
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Lee, Wai-ming. "Correlation of PCPT and SPT data from a shallow marine site investigation /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30110385.
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Lee, Wai-ming, and 李慧明. "Correlation of PCPT and SPT data from a shallow marine site investigation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44570077.
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Vieira, Fernando de Paula. "Critério estatístico para obtenção de valores de NSPT para previsão da capacidade de carga de estacas por métodos semi empíricos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8381.
Full textAbstract:
Uma das tarefas mais desafiadoras do engenheiro na área da Geotecnia é a escolha dos valores de parâmetros geotécnicos obtidos de ensaios de campo ou laboratório e que serão utilizados nos modelos analíticos ou numéricos na fase de projeto de fundações. Diante das incertezas inerentes aos ensaios de SPT e da heterogeneidade de abordagens para a utilização dos valores de NSPT, é proposta neste estudo, a aplicação de um critério estatístico para obtenção de valores de NSPT, a partir da construção de intervalos de confiança de 95% de probabilidade em torno da reta ajustada de regressão linear simples entre a variável aleatória NSPT e a profundidade. Os valores obtidos de NSPT pelo critério aplicado foram utilizados na previsão da capacidade de carga de 19 estacas isoladas a partir da utilização de três métodos semi-empíricos: Aoki-Velloso (1975) com coeficientes alterados por Monteiro (1997), Décourt & Quaresma (1978) alterado pelo método de Décourt (1996) e Método de Alonso (1996). As cargas de ruptura dessas 19 estacas ensaiadas através de Provas de Carga Estática foram obtidas pelos métodos de extrapolação de Van Der Veen (1953) e Décourt (1996) e serviram para comparação e consequente validação do critério estatístico. Adicionalmente, com fulcro no item 6.2.1.2.1 da ABNT NBR 6122:2010 Resistência calculada por método semi-empírico, foram avaliados os fatores de segurança em relação às cargas de projeto, inclusive, também se utilizando da premissa de reconhecimento de regiões representativas, levando em conta o número de ensaios de SPT executados, fato que promove uma diminuição da incerteza dos parâmetros, apontando a um menor fator de segurança. A dissertação enfatiza as vantagens de um adequado tratamento estatístico dos parâmetros geotécnicos, a exemplo da recomendação já existente nas normas internacionais como Eurocódigo e outras. O critério construído permite e encoraja análises e decisões racionais no universo das partes interessadas consumidores, projetistas, fiscais de obras, contratantes e comunidade científica promovendo as discussões de forma mais objetiva e harmoniosa sobre o tema.One of the most challenging aspects of geotechnical engineering is the selection of soil parameters from field and / or laboratory tests to be used in analytical or numerical models for foundation design. Due to known uncertainties in SPT tests and wide availability of criteria for NSPT interpretation, a proposed procedure is presented based on 95% confidence limits around a trend line defined by simple linear regression analysis expressing the variation of NSPT with depth. The NSPT values obtained by the proposed approach have been used to estimate the pile ultimate capacity of 19 isolated continuous flight auger piles using different semi-empirical methods, such as Aoki and Velloso (1975) with modified coefficients as proposed by Monteiro (1997), Décourt and Quaresma (1978) modified by Décourt (1996) and Alonso (1996). Static load tests of the same 19 piles have been extrapolated by Van Der Veen (1953) and Décourt (1996) methods, as an aid for comparison and validation of the statistical criterion. Additionally, were made with the fulcrum in item 6.2.1.2.1 of ABNT NBR 6122: 2010 - Resistance calculated by semi-empirical method, evaluations of safety factors in relation to load project, also including the premise of recognizing representative regions and taking into account the number of SPT tests, a fact that provides the decreased uncertainty of the parameters, indicating a lower FS. The dissertation emphasizes the advantages of an adequate statistical treatment of the geotechnical data, similar to what is recommended by the Eurocode. Such approach allows and encourages a more rational decision including all interested parties - consumers, designers, inspectors, contractors and scientific community providing more objective and harmonious discussions on this subject.
Books on the topic "Standart Penetration Test (SPT)"
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16, ISSMFE Technical Committee on Penetration Testing of Soils-TC. Report of the ISSMFE Technical Committee on Penetration Testing of Soils--TC 16, with reference test procedures, CPT-SPT-DP-WST. Linköping, Sweden: Swedish Geotechnical Society, 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Standart Penetration Test (SPT)"
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Lutenegger, Alan J. "Standard Penetration Test (SPT)." In In Situ Testing Methods in Geotechnical Engineering, 13–72. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2021.: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003002017-2.
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Sermalai, Selvam, Manoj Mukundan, and Swathi Alagirisamy. "Standard Penetration Test (SPT) Pitfalls and Improvements." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 363–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3383-6_33.
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Awang, Haryati, and Mohamad Nazly Nasir Mohamad. "A Correlation Between P-Wave Velocities and Standard Penetration Test (Spt-N) Blows Count for Meta-Sedimentary Soils of Tropical Country." In InCIEC 2015, 343–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0155-0_31.
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"Standard penetration test (SPT)." In In Situ Testing in Geomechanics, 40–97. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482266054-11.
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Ahmad, Mahmood, Xiaowei Tang, and Feezan Ahmad. "Evaluation of Liquefaction-Induced Settlement Using Random Forest and REP Tree Models: Taking Pohang Earthquake as a Case of Illustration." In Natural Hazards - Impacts, Adjustments and Resilience. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94274.
Full textAbstract:
A liquefaction-induced settlement assessment is considered one of the major challenges in geotechnical earthquake engineering. This paper presents random forest (RF) and reduced error pruning tree (REP Tree) models for predicting settlement caused by liquefaction. Standard penetration test (SPT) data were obtained for five separate borehole sites near the Pohang Earthquake epicenter. The data used in this study comprise of four features, namely depth, unit weight, corrected SPT blow count and cyclic stress ratio. The available data is divided into two parts: training set (80%) and test set (20%). The output of the RF and REP Tree models is evaluated using statistical parameters including coefficient of correlation (r), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean squared error (RMSE). The applications for the aforementioned approach for predicting the liquefaction-induced settlement are compared and discussed. The analysis of statistical metrics for the evaluating liquefaction-induced settlement dataset demonstrates that the RF achieved comparatively better and reliable results.
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Ziaie_Moayed, R., and S. Naeini. "Evaluation of modulus of subgrade reaction (Ks) in gravely soils based on standard penetration test (SPT)." In Physical Modelling in Geotechnics. Taylor & Francis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/noe0415415866.ch115.
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Ozcelik, Mehmet. "The Effects of Vertical Stress on the Liquefaction Potential Originated from Buildings in The Urban Areas." In Sustainable Infrastructure, 351–72. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0948-7.ch015.
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Main purpose of this paper is to study the influence of vertical stress on soil liquefaction in urban areas. The literature provides limited information on vertical stress analysis of multiple footings, and, as a result, there is no accurate way to account for the effect of the foundation depth on liquefaction. Additionally, practical methods do not exist for considering the interaction between the neighboring foundations vertical stress and seismic forces in the urban area. Vertical stress distribution was calculated in examining the soil liquefaction potential exhibited by building foundations as a case study. The vertical stresses were chosen randomly for some buildings with foundation depths of 3.00 m; 4.50 and 6.00 m at the Burkent site (Burdur-Turkey). The influence of 5-storey buildings on the liquefaction potential of sandy soils was evaluated in terms of the safety factor (FS) against liquefaction along soil profile depths for different earthquakes. Standard Penetration Test (SPT) results were used based on simplified empirical procedure.
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Wang, Z. Q., and W. X. Lu. "On the standardization of the SPT and cone penetration test." In Penetration Testing, 175–82. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203743959-30.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Standart Penetration Test (SPT)"
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Alihudien, Arief, Suhartinah Suhartinah, and Dwa Warnana. "Analysis Of Liquefaction Potential Based On Standart Penetration Test (SPT) In Puger, Jember, Indonesia." In The 1st International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering Technology Universitas Muria Kudus. EAI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.24-10-2018.2280508.
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Woo-Tae Kim, In-Sung Jang, Jin-Hwan Ko, Sang-Hoon Han, and Bum-Sang Kim. "Development of unmanned underwater SPT (Standard Penetration Test) equipment." In OCEANS 2012. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2012.6405132.
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"Prediction of Standard Penetration Test (SPT) Value in Izmir, Turkey using General Regression Neural Network." In International Conference on Agricultural, Civil and Environmental Engineering. Universal Researchers (UAE), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/uruae.ae0416226.
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H, Elahi, Sabermahani M, Keramati M, and Hashemi H. "Application of Standard Penetration Test (SPT) in Soil Improvement using Vibro Stone Column Technique (VSC)." In International Conference on Ground Improvement & Ground Control. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-07-3559-3_02-0205.
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Perez, Waldo Flores, Jorge Chavez Cerdena, Gary Duran Ramirez, and Maggie Martinelli Montoya. "Correlation of dynamic probing light (DPL) and standard penetration test (SPT) for sandy soil of alluvial origin." In 2020 Congreso Internacional de Innovación y Tendencias en Ingeniería (CONIITI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/coniiti51147.2020.9240457.
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Varanda, Erica, José Pereira Soares, and Roberta Amorim Leite. "Emergency Actions for Containing Side Slope to the Pipeline Range." In ASME 2013 International Pipeline Geotechnical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipg2013-1917.
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After a period of heavy rainfall, the landslide of a mass of residual soil in the side slope to the Pipeline Range of PETROBRAS occurred, in which two oil pipelines and gas pipeline connecting a terminal to a refinery. On the day following the event in field inspection performed by the TRANSPETRO team, it was found that due to the landslide, the gas pipeline was exposed, with a Section of approximately 8.0 meters apparent in a slope at risk of undergoing deformations with the movement of unstable soil. In the course of the inspection several indications soil movement were observed, such as cracks in the ground, breaks and located cracks in reinforced concrete structures of the drainage system. Surge flow of water or soil saturation was not found, despite the high rate of rainfall during the period. Thus one ruled out the possibility of the presence of a high water table which could have caused sliding. It is assumed that this may have begun on lower slopes due to deficiencies in the surface drainage system, which caused the accumulation of rainwater and its collapse. Hence, ruptures allegedly have occurred progressively upstream until it reaches the side of the pipeline range. To ensure the integrity of the gas pipeline and operational safety and prevent the evolution of the incidents with more serious consequences, a contingency group responsible for coordinating emergency actions to contain the slope and protecting the pipeline exposed was called. The first actions consisted of protecting the slope using a plastic tarpaulin to prevent the infiltration of more rainwater, metal profile riveting to contain side soil movement to the pipelines and finally to the implementation of contention with soil nailing technique with shotcrete on the surface of the slope where the pipeline was exposed found. Repairs to the surface drainage system of the range and slopes, which had been damaged during landslide were made. In parallel to emergency actions, a campaign of geotechnical surveys using Standard Penetration Test (SPT) aiming at providing grounds for stability studies for the preparation of final stabilization project of the slope.
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Droesch, Dale, Ronnie Maestas, and George Saxon. "The Advantages of Using Multiple Frequencies for Eddy Current Examination of Condenser Tubing." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88149.
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An essential element in the eddy current testing methodology is the use of multiple testing frequencies. A true volumetric inspection requires complete penetration of the tube wall from various perspectives. Since prime frequency is set to approximately thirty seven percent standard depth of penetration of the tube wall, additional frequencies are required to gain an accurate and detailed perspective of the defect. In fact, the need for additional frequencies is absolutely necessary to characterize particular defects such as under-deposit corrosion and microbiologically influenced corrosion. In such cases a minimum of three frequencies are required to perform optimum testing. The frequencies will vary from low, midrange to high depending on the material under test. A fourth frequency can also be used to identify tube supports and tubesheets. This paper demonstrates the effects and advantages of utilizing multiple frequencies in the testing process. The result of which is to provide the analyst with sufficient information to call the defects with greater accuracy and reliability. Utilizing a multi-frequency test instrument and standard probes commonly used for testing condenser tubes, tube samples with various defects will be examined utilizing one, two, three and four frequencies. Defect acquisition rates will also be varied and the results reported. The information is useful for determining the number of frequencies required for an effective eddy current test.
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Azuokwu, Augustine Azubike, Yakubu Yerima, and Rowland Ugochukwu Azike. "Production and Performance Evaluation of Biodetergents as an Alternative to Conventional Drilling Detergent." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207167-ms.
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Abstract Drilling detergents are among the chemical compounds that are increasingly being used in many varieties of drilling fluids. They are aqueous blend of surface-active agents that reduces the surface tension of water-based drilling fluids, reduces the sticking tendency of water-sensitive shale cuttings and aid cuttings removal; leading to cleaner hole, faster penetration rates and lower drilling pressure. Due to the increase in environmental issues associated with the disposal of drilling detergent presently used, drilling companies are exploring options of using environmentally friendly, degradable and renewable drilling detergents. In this study, biodetergents were produced from non-edible seed oils (Ricinus communis oil and Azadirachta Indica oil). The biodetergents and a commercial drilling detergent used in the Niger Delta field were analysed for a number of standard properties required for good drilling detergents. Drilling muds formulated with these detergents were also analysed for a number of standard mud properties. Physicochemical properties analyses showed that biodetergents met the required specification of good drilling detergents. The physicochemical properties of the biodetergents were also comparable to that of commercial drilling detergent. BOD values obtained showed that the biodetergents could easily be broken or biodegraded than the commercial drilling detergent. Toxicity test on Penaeus Monodon showed that biodetergents are more environmentally friendly than the commercial drilling detergent. Drilling mud properties analyses further showed that synthesized biodetergents can be used as an alternative to conventional drilling detergent.
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Steen, Marc. "European Standardisation Efforts on Fibre-Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites." In ASME 1996 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-gt-269.
Full textAbstract:
A critical phase in the life-cycle of a material is the transition from the development stage to that of design and industrial application. Advanced technical ceramics are currently in this phase and their future market penetration and acceptance as engineering materials critically depend on the availability of a robust set of standards for test methods which allow one to determine their mechanical and thermal properties in a reliable and reproducible way. In Europe, standardisation on continuous fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CFCCs) officially started in 1989, when CEN TC 184 on Advanced Technical Ceramics was launched. The scope of TC 184 covers testing methods, and no efforts are paid to the development of material and product standards as yet. The work programme of TC 184 in the area of CFCCs, aimed at the establishment of testing methods for the generation of reliable data for design purposes, is reviewed.
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Sêco e Pinto, Pedro, Ricardo Oliveira, and Alexandre Portugal. "The Case of the New Tagus River Leziria Bridge." In The 13th Baltic Sea Region Geotechnical Conference. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13bsgc.2016.007.
Full textAbstract:
A brief description of the New Tagus River Leziria Bridge composed by 1695 m North Viaduct, by 970 m Main Bridge and by South Viaduct with a length of 9200 m is presented. The observed thickness of the foundation alluvia material varies between 35 m and 55 m with a maximum value of 62 m. Hundred eighteen boreholes were performed with a depth between 21 m and 71 m and eight boreholes were performed from a maritime platform. Standard penetration tests (SPT) were carried out in all boreholes 1.5 m apart. In addition CPTu tests, seismic cone tests, crosshole and downhole tests were performed. In three boreholes continuous undisturbed sampling with a triple sampler Geogor S was performed. Related with static laboratory tests namely identification tests, triaxial tests, direct shear tests and oedometer tests were performed. In addition for the dynamic characterization reasonant columns tests and torsional cyclic tests were performed. One of the most important considerations for the designers is the risk of earthquakes since Lisbon was wiped out by an 8.5 Ritcher magnitude earthquake in 1755. The seismic studies related to the design spectra were performed. The liquefaction potential evaluation was performed only by field tests taking into account the disturbance that occurs during sampling of sandy materials. In this analysis attention was drawn for SPT and CPT tests as seismic tests have only been used when soil contains gravel particles. The shear stress values were computed from a total stresses model, that gave results on the conservative side using the code “SHAKE 2000”. For the North and South Viaducts 1.5 m diameter piles were used and for the Main Bridge 2.2 m diameter piles were used. For the construction of the piles metallic casings were driven by a vibrofonceur or a hydraulic hammer and the piles length varies between 20 m to 56 m. Static pile load tests (both vertical and horizontal tests) were carried out on trial piles. In addition pile dynamic tests were performed. The construction aspects related with piles and bridge construction are addressed. To assess the integrity of the piles reception tests by sonic diagraphies (crosshole tests) were performed. Some problems that have occurred during piles construction in the Main Bridge, due to the gravel and cobbles dimensions, are described. The bridge was monitored with the purposes of: (i) Validation of design criteria and calibration of mental model; (ii) Analysis of bridge behavior during his life; and (iii) Corrective measures for the rehabilitation of the structure.