Academic literature on the topic 'Staphylococcus spp. eng'
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Journal articles on the topic "Staphylococcus spp. eng"
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Amer, Mohamed M., Hoda M. Mekky, and Hanaa S. Fedawy. "Molecular identification of Mycoplasma synoviae from breeder chicken flock showing arthritis in Egypt." Veterinary World 12, no. 4 (April 2019): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.535-541.
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Aim: Arthritis is one of the most economic problems facing poultry industry worldwide. The study was done to detect possible causes of arthritis in breeder chicken flock with emphasis on molecular identification of Mycoplasma synoviae (MS). Materials and Methods: This study was carried on chicken from broiler breeder flock of 57 weeks' age in Dakahlia, Egypt, suffered from arthritis with frequently 5-7% decrease in egg production, reduced fertility, and hatchability. Forty blood samples were randomly collected from individual birds in sterile tubes and used for serum separation. Serum samples were tested using serum plate agglutination (SPA) test against colored antigens for Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), MS, and Salmonella gallinarum-pullorum (SGP). On the other hand, 24 joint samples were collected. Of those 24 samples, 12 joint samples were subjected to bacteriological examination, while the other 12 were utilized for molecular diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for MS and avian reovirus (ARV). Results: SPA test results revealed the presence of antibodies against MG, MS, and SGP in tested sera in rates of 14/40 (35%), 35/40 (87.5%), and 9/40 (22.5%), respectively. Furthermore, 19 bacterial isolates were recognized from joint samples and identified as five Staphylococcus spp., nine Escherichia coli, three SGP, one Citrobacter, and one Proteus. The identified Staphylococcal isolates were three coagulase-positive staphylococci (two Staphylococcus aureus and one Staphylococcus hyicus) and two coagulase-negative staphylococci (one Staphylococcus epidermidis and one Staphylococcus lentus), while E. coli isolate serotypes were 1 O11, 2 O55, 3 O78, 1 O124, 1 O125, and 1 untyped. PCR proved that 12/12 (100%) samples were positive for MS variable lipoprotein hemagglutinin A (vlhA) gene, while ARV was not diagnosed in any of the examined samples. Four amplified vlhA gene of MS isolates (named MS-2018D1, MS-2018D2, MS-2018D3, and MS-2018D4) was successfully sequenced. Analysis of phylogenetic tree revealed the presence of 100% identity between each two sequenced isolates (isolates MS-2018D1 and MS-2018D4 and also isolates 2018D2 and MS-2018D3). However, the nucleotide similarity between four isolates was 88.6%. On the other hand, our field isolates MS-2018D1, MS-2018D4, MS-2018D2, and MS-2018D3 showed nucleotide identity with vaccine strain MS-H 98.4%, 98.4%, 88.1%, and 88.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the nucleotide similarities with field strains from Argentina ranged between 87.8% and 98.6%. Conclusion: Four field isolates of MS were identified in examined broiler breeder flock. A phylogenetic study of these isolates revealed the variation between isolated MS strains and vaccine strain. Therefore, further studies are required for evaluating the vaccine efficacy against the present field isolates of MS. In addition, application of MS immunization of breeder flocks is necessary for proper control of the disease.
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Khaleel1, Ayman Mohammed, Adeeba Younis Shareef, and ,. Shakeeba Younis Shareef. "Study the antibiotics sensitivity and beta- lactamase productivity of some Staphylococcus spp. Isolates from different sources of the Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in Mosul City." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 24, no. 7 (December 18, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/j.v24i7.907.
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The study includes the isolation of certain types of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus spp..The sample materials (blood, wounds, burns) were collected from both genders of all age groups of inpatients in Al Jamhoree Teaching Hospital in the Mosul during June till end of November 2018.
Staphylococcus aureus was the most common among the isolates with 7 isolates(38.9%) followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus scriuri Staphylococcus lentus (Staphylococcus simulans) with 2 isolates each with 11.1% followed by Staphylococcus chromogenase, Staphylococcu scapilis and Staphylococcus xylosus with one isolate for each one 5.5%. The number of isolates was 9 isolates and 50%, followed by wound samples. The isolates were 6 isolated by 33% and the samples of burns were 3 isolates. 17% were isolated and Staphylococcus aureus was the most dominant species.
The sensitivity of bacterial isolates was studied for 15 antibiotics for different antibiotic groups. The results showed that a difference in the resistance ratio of the isolates to these antagonists, as they were resistant to the Ceftrixone, Cloxacillin 100%.
The Ciprofloxacillin, Gentamycin, Pipracillin, and Amikacin resistance were reduced. The Ciprofloxacillin antagonist was the most affected on the bacterial isolates studied, followed by the Rifampin. The results showed that the beta-lactamase enzyme was not produced by any of the Iodic methods by 4 bacterial strains, while the rest of the species varied in the susceptibility of production to the enzyme. The Iodine tube is one of the best methods to detect the production of these enzymes.
The susceptibility of bacterial species to the production of large-spectrum beta-lactase enzymes was also tested using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCL) and the double-disc method. Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus capilis, Staphylococcus chromanogenes The first NCCL has shown a single isolation of Staphylococcus capilis ability to produce it.
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.125
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Olea-Rodríguez, María de los Ángeles, Patricia Chombo-Morales, Karla Nuño, Olga Vázquez-Paulino, Zuamí Villagrán-de la Mora, Luz E. Garay-Martínez, Javier Castro-Rosas, Angélica Villarruel-López, and Ma Refugio Torres-Vitela. "Microbiological Characteristics and Behavior of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcal Toxin during Making and Maturing Cotija Cheese." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (September 2, 2021): 8154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11178154.
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Cotija cheese is an artisanal matured Mexican cheese from unpasteurized milk. This work determined the microbiological characteristics and behavior of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcal toxin during cheese elaboration and ripening. Sixteen 20-kg cheeses were used, eight inoculated with 6 log CFU/mL of each pathogen, and eight uninoculated, and samples were taken at each stage of the process. In the uninoculated samples, the survival of S. aureus and L. monocytogenes decreased after 30 days of ripening. The average counts of S. aureus in milk, curd, and serum were 7 log MPN /mL, and 8.7 log MPN /g in cheese, decreasing from day 15. Salmonella spp. counts (initial inoculum: 7.2 log MPN /mL) decreased after 24 h, and L. monocytogenes counts (8.7 log MPN/g at 24 h) decreased from day 15 in the cheese. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were not detected in any sample after 60 days of ripening, unlike S. aureus, which was detected at the end of the study. Lactic acid bacteria counts were 9 log CFU/mL in milk and whey and 7.2 log CFU/g in cheese. Pathogens behavior during the ripening process reduces the health risks by consuming products made with unpasteurized milk when subjected to ripening.
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Parveen, Arufa, Md Mostafizer Rahman, Md Fakhruzzaman, Mir Rowshan Akter, and Md Shofiqul Islam. "Characterization of bacterial pathogens from egg shell, egg yolk, feed and air samples of poultry houses." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 3, no. 2 (August 29, 2017): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v3i2.33564.
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This study was selected to find out the bacterial pathogens in egg yolk, egg shell, feed and air samples of poultry houses at Dinajpur district in Bangladesh with isolation, identification and characterization of bacterial pathogens present in those samples. For this study, a total of 147 samples comprising egg shell (36), egg yolk (36), feed (45) and air (30) were collected during the period from January to May, 2012 and the collected samples were then examined for the bacteriological study by using cultural, morphological and biochemical techniques. On the basis of their cultural, morphological and biochemical properties the isolated organisms were identified as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella serovars and Bacillus spp. In this study it was observed that out of 147 samples a total of 51 were identified as bacterial pathogens in which egg shell containing 10 (27.78%), egg yolk 11 (30.56%), feed 20 (44.44%) and air 10 (33.33%) respectively. In this study it was also observed that the highest prevalence of bacterial pathogens in feed samples (44.44%) in comparison with egg shell (27.78%), egg yolk (30.56%) and air samples (33.33%). In this study it was demonstrated that out of four (04) pathogens Escherichia coli was more abundant (39.21%) in the layer house and its environment in comparison with Staphylococcus spp. (25.49%), Salmonella (23.52%) and Bacillus spp. (11.76%) respectively.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2017, 3(2): 168-174
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Vasiľ, Milan, Zuzana Farkašová, Juraj Elečko, and František Zigo. "Occurrence of resistance to antibiotics therapy in coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from sheep´s milk in holding in Slovakia." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 14 (September 28, 2020): 781–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1333.
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The occurrence of bacteria Staphylococcus spp. was examined in a total of 3466 individuals and in 12 pool milk samples from 2017 to 2019. The experiment was carried out in two herds of the breed of sheep, Improved Valaska, in the Slovakia region. Eleven species of the genus Staphylococcus spp. (n = 431) were isolated and taxonomically identified. From the coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS), S. aureus was isolated during the reporting period, however, most often in the third year (50). The incidence of S. intermedius and S. hyicus were irregular. The incidence of S. schleiferi was highest at the end of the follow-up duration. From the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) (n = 158), were isolated S. epidermidis present in 20.4% (88) and S. chromogenes 11.4 % (49), S. caprae, S. xylosus, and other species rarely occurred. S. aureus (n = 133) showed maximum resistance to erythromycin 12.0%, novobiocin 10.5%, and neomycin 9.0%. The incidence of intermedial susceptibility was observed predominantly to a penicillin (16 strains), novobiocin (11 strains), erythromycin (14 strains), oxacillin, and cloxacillin (12 strains), neomycin (11 strains), and lincomycin (9 strains). Observantly, S. schleiferi (n = 101) showed the highest resistance to novobiocin (5.9%) and erythromycin (5.0%), however, a high incidence of intermediate susceptibility to erythromycin (9), amoxicillin, novobiocin (8), ampicillin, lincomycin (7), penicillin, methicilin and cefoperazone (5 strains) can be identified as adverse. The incidence of resistant and intermediate sensitive test strains S. aureus and S. schleiferi, especially for erythromycin, novobiocin, and neomycin, which are often used to treat udder inflammation in sheep, is relatively adverse.
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Islam, Mahfuzul, Mirza Synthia Sabrin, Md Hazzaz Bin Kabir, and Md Aftabuzzaman. "Antibiotic sensitivity and resistant pattern of bacteria isolated from table eggs of commercial layers considering food safety issue." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 4, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v4i4.40103.
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The present study was carried out during the period of June 2016 to June 2017 to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity and resistant pattern of bacteria isolated from table eggs of commercial layers considering food safety issue. A total of 200 egg samples (100 for egg shell surface and 100 for egg content) were collected from different retail markets of Dhaka city in sterile polythene bags in a view to prevent extraneous contamination and transported to the laboratory immediate after collection using icebox. The samples were inoculated onto nutrient broth and nutrient agar plates aerobically at 37°Cfor isolation. The isolated organisms were identified based on staining, motility, colony morphology and biochemical tests. The isolated bacteria were also subjected to characterize their antibiotic sensitivity. About 74% egg samples (148 out of 200 samples) were positive for microbial contamination. Among them 100 (100 %) samples had their shells contaminated with microbes of different genera; however, only 48 (48%) growths were observed from the egg contents. The major contaminants are Escherichia coli (34.64%), Coagulase positive Staphylococcus (24.29%), Salmonella spp. (20.71%) followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (10%), Pseudomonas spp. (6.43%) and Bacillus spp. (3.93%). The isolated bacteria E. coli, Coagulase positive Staphylococcus, Salmonella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. showed their greatest sensitivity against ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and azithromycin whereas resistant against tetracycline, amoxicillin and ampicillin. There is potential for these antibiotic-resistant bacteria to be transferred to humans through contaminated eggs and are of public health concern from food safety point of view.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2018, 4(4): 323-329
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Fardows, Jannatul, Abu Bakar Siddique, Adneen Moureen, Tasmin Afroz Binte Islam, Nasrin Farhana, and Chowdhury Rafia Naheen. "Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Gram-Positive Bacteria from Egg Shell of Hen and to See Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern." Journal of Enam Medical College 6, no. 1 (February 9, 2016): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v6i1.26374.
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Background: Food-borne disease is a major public health problem affecting developed as well as developing countries. Inaccurately treated eggs can be one of its causes. So we designed this study to observe the possibility of transmission of pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria from market eggs to the community.Objectives: To identify different Gram-positive bacteria in eggs and to observe their antimicrobial susceptibility.Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted in the department of Microbiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. Shells of 150 eggs collected from different markets of Dhaka city were tested. Bacteria were isolated and identified by culture and relevant biochemical tests.Results: Out of 150 egg shells, 120 (80%) yielded growth of different bacteria. Of them, Staphylococcus spp. were 80 (66.67%), Streptococcus spp. 8 (6.67%), Bacillus subtilis 20 (16.67%) and Bacillus cereus 12 (10%). Out of 80 Staphylococcus spp., 30 (25%) were Staphylococcus aureus and 50 (41.67%) were Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Most of the Gram-positive bacteria were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone and imipenem. No MRSA and VRSA were found.Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that Gram-positive bacteria from market eggs may be an important source of infection to the community.J Enam Med Col 2016; 6(1): 15-18
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Rotimi, V. O., S. A. Olowe, and I. Ahmed. "The development of bacterial flora of premature neonates." Journal of Hygiene 94, no. 3 (June 1985): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400061532.
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SUMMARYThe sequential acquisition of bacterial flora by premature neonates was studied during a 10 month period. Mean gestational age of the babies was 29·01 weeks and the mean birth weight was 1·728 kg. Escherichia coli and group B streptococci (GBS) colonized the umbilicus of 7 and 6 babies respectively, out of 23 studied, on the first day of life. E. coli and staphylococci were the predominant flora on the 6th day and they colonized 12 and 13 respectively. The oral flora was predominantly Gram-positive cocci, mainly Streptoccocus salivarius which was isolated from 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day, viridians streptococci were isolated from 14 babies, Staphylococcus albus from 16 babies and group D streptococci from 11 babies. Candida spp. also colonized the oral cavities of 17 out of 22 babies on the 6th day. At the end of the first week of life, the faecal flora was predominantly anaerobic represented by Bifidobacteriurn spp., Bacterioides spp. and Clostridium spp. The commonest facultative faecal flora were E. coli, which was isolated from all the babies, and Strept. faecalis isolated from 20 babies. Early gut colonization by GBS, Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. was noticed in more babies delivered vaginally than by caesarean section where colonization by these bacteria was relatively delayed. The use of prophylactic penicillin plus gentamicin in the special neonatal unit probably prevented systemic spread of any of the potential opportunistic pathogens during the study.
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Abdalla, N. M., W. O. Haimour, A. A. Osman, M. A. Sarhan, and H. A. Musaa. "Antibiotics Sensitivity Profile Towards Staphylococcus hominis in Assir Region of Saudi Arabia." Journal of Scientific Research 5, no. 1 (December 29, 2012): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.11704.
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Staphylococcus hominis is a Gram-positive, spherical cells in clusters and coagulase-negative bacterial. It commonly occurs as a harmless commensal on human skin, occasionally causes nosocomial or community acquired infection specially in immuno-compromised patients. Nowadays almost all Staphylococcus species have multidrug resistance. In this study, a total of ten out of one hundred fifty nasal swabs at Assir Central Hospital General Lab during the period of April 2011- July 2011 proved to be Staphylococcus spp. and identified as Staphylococcus hominis patients of different sex and age groups with variable systemic infections (e.g. RTI, UTI, CNS). The samples were tested by bactech, culture media, antibiotics sensitivity using diffusion disc test (MIC) and molecular polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for confirmation of Staphylococcal species and detection of the Mec A gene. Clinical, demographic and laboratory data were collected and analyzed by SPSS. Drugs found to be resistant to all patients were penicillin, erythromycin, ampicillin, cifoxine and carbinicillin. Whereas cotrimexazole, amikacine and vancomycine were sensitive to all patients. Only 10% of patients were sensitive to methotrexate and cefaclor. Drugs that showed variable sensitivity pattern among patients were tetracyclin, fucidin, augmentin, gentamycin and ciprofloxacin.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.11704 J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 171-183 (2013)
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Turko, Ia, and V. Ushkalov. "Biofilm-forming ability of coccus forms of the caecal microflora of laying hens when using the probiotic and nanonutrition cobalt." Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 20, no. 87 (April 26, 2018): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8712.
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The use of the feed supplement on the basis of probiotic microorganisms of the genus Lactobacillus in combination with nano-cobalt preparations in a dose of 0.08 mg/kg liveweight in laying hens caused the most significant reduction in the proportion of cow's forms of the microflora of the colon (Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Streptococcus spp.) that formed high-density biofilms by increasing the percentage of these microorganisms with low and medium biofilm-forming ability. After 14 days of use of probiotic and nanocobalt at a dose of 0.08 mg/kg, an increase in the percentage of Staphylococcus spp. microorganisms, which formed low and medium density biofilms, respectively, was 7.2 and 18.2%, due to the reduction of those with high biofilm formation ability. Such a redistribution of the ability of the studied microorganisms to form a biofilm remained after 28 days of the experiment. However, the number of microorganisms of Staphylococcus spp., which formed low density biofilms, was maximum i.e. 46.2%. Instead, the number of microorganisms of Staphylococcus spp., which formed high density biofilms, was minimal and amounted to 12.6%. The indicated trend persists after the end of application of the additive after 14 days. When using probiotic and nano-cobalt at a dose of 0.08 mg/kg, the highest reliability (Р < 0.001) of changes in the bio-film-forming ability of microorganisms Enterococcus spp. was established, namely, its reduction. At the same time, the percentage of microorganisms that formed low-density biofilms was the highest in 28 days of use (by 5.1%) and 14 days after the end of feeding of the additive (by 7.1%). At the same time, the percentage of microorganisms Enterococcus spp. with a high biofilm-forming ability gradually decreased and reached a minimum of 28 days of the experiment (5.6%). On the 14th day after stopping the feeding of the supplement, it reached 9.8%. With an increase in the dose of nanocobalt up to 0.8 mg/kg, significant changes were observed only on the 28th day of feeding and 14 days after the end of the feeding of the feed additive, namely: a decrease in the number of microorganisms Enterococcus spp. with a high biofilm production capacity of 3.4% and 4.8%, respectively. Regarding microorganisms of Streptococcus spp. the most visible effect could be observed with the use of probiotic in a complex with nano-cobalt in a dose of 0.08 mg/kg, namely: by 17.4%, the number of microorganisms with high bio-plating ability with a gradual increase in the percentage of those that had a low (10.2%) and average (by 7.2%) biofilm capacity. After the application of the suppressant was discontinued for 14 days, the corrected changes were maintained.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Staphylococcus spp. eng"
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Tonin, Flávia Bechelli. "Epidemiologia molecular aplicada ao estudo da mastite caprina causada por Staphylococcus spp /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103840.
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Orientador: Antonio Nader FilhoBanca: Luiz Augusto do Amaral
Banca: Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira
Banca: Nilson Roberti Benites
Banca: Helio Langoni
Resumo: o presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência da mastite caprina causada por Staphylococcus spp. em três rebanhos do Estado de São Paulo, bem como conhecer as características fenotípicas e genotípicas das cepas isoladas. Por outro lado, através dos testes de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos e da PCR-ribotipagem, pretendeu-se, também, verificar a relação epidemiológica existente entre as cepas de Staphylococcus spp. isoladas em amostras de leite, óstio do teto, lesão em pele do teto e ordenhadeira, assim como de mãos, tonsilas e fossas nasais de ordenhadores. A prevalência da mastite subclínica foi de 12,0%, 10,7% e 26,6% nos rebanhos pertencentes às três propriedades estudadas, nos quais Staphylococcus coagulase negativa foi o principal agente envolvido na etiologia dos casos. O teste de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos revelou que 100% das cepas foram sensíveis à gentamicina, a neomicina e ao cefoperazone e, ainda, que a resistência frente a ampicilina e penicilina foi observada em 25,2% das cepas. A análise molecular revelou estreita relação entre as cepas isoladas de amostras de leite e óstio de teto. Cepas isoladas dos insufladores da ordenhadeira, assim como as de fossas nasais dos ordenhadores, têm participação na epidemiologia das mastites em cabras. A PCR-ribotipagem permitiu avaliar a relação epidemiológica existente entre as cepas isoladas de forma mais eficiente que o teste de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos. A compreensão dessas relações epidemiológicas é necessária para a implementação de medidas eficazes no controle e prevenção das mastites em cabras.
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of goat mastitis due to Staphylococcus spp. in three flocks from São Paulo State, as well as understand the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the strains isolated. Otherwise, epidemiological relationship between the strains isolated from milk, teat ends, skin lesions, milking units and milking personnel was investigated by the antimicrobial susceptibility and PCR-ribotyping. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 12,0%, 10,7% and 26,6% for the three flocks studied and coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the most prevalent agent isolated. Antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed 100% of sensibility to gentamicin, neomycin and cephoperazon and, in addition, the resistance to ampicillin and penicillin in 25,2% of the strains isolated. Molecular analysis showed close relationship between strains isolated from milk and teat ends. Strains isolated from milking units, as well as strains isolated from nasal swabs of the milking personnel, play an important role on goat mastitis epidemiology. PCR-ribotyping was more efficient than antimicrobial susceptibility test to evaluate the epidemiological relationship between the strains isolated. An understanding of these epidemiological relationships is necessary for the design of more effective mastitis control programs.
Doutor
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Oliveira, Jonatas Rafael de. "Ensaio de citotoxicidade de extratos naturais após determinação da concentração microbicida mínima para Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus mutans e Candida spp /." São José dos Campos : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95044.
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Resumo: A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana e citotoxicidade dos extratos vegetais de Equisetum arvense L. (cavalinha), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (alcaçuz), Punica granatum L. (romã) e Stryphnodendron barbatimam Mart. (barbatimão). A atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos vegetais foi analisada em cepas de Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata e Candida tropicalis, sendo uma ATCC e nove clínicas, através do teste de microdiluição em caldo, contudo para se determinar a Concentração Microbicida Mínima (CMM) dos extratos foram feitas semeaduras do conteúdo dos poços das placas de microdiluição. A citotoxicidade das CMM dos extratos naturais foi verificada pelo método colorimétrico MTT e pela quantificação da produção de citocinas IL-1β e TNF-α pelo teste ELISA, para tanto, foram utilizadas culturas celulares de macrófagos de camundongos (RAW 264.7). Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste ANOVA complementado por Tukey, com significância de 5%. Para o extrato de cavalinha, romã e barbatimão foi determinada como CMM efetiva para todas as cepas a concentração de 50 mg/mL e para o extrato de alcaçuz 100 mg/mL. Quanto à citotoxicidade destas concentrações, pelo método MTT, foi observada redução significativa da viabilidade celular (p≤0,05), em relação ao grupo controle, para 48% no grupo tratado com cavalinha, 79% para alcaçuz, 76% para romã e 86% para barbatimão. Em relação à quantificação de IL-1β, os grupos tratados com extratos de alcaçuz e cavalinha exibiram semelhanças ao grupo controle (p≥0,05) com produção de 1,99 e 1,32 pg/mL respectivamente, contudo o grupo tratado com extrato de barbatimão produziu 3,98 pg/mL (p<0,05) e o grupo que recebeu tratamento com extrato de romã a produção foi de 7,72 pg/mL (p<0,01), diferindo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)Abstract: The objective of this study was to verify the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of Equisetum arvense L. (horsetail), Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (licorice), Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) and Stryphnodendron barbatimam Mart. (barbatimam) glycolic extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was analyzed in Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis strains, being one ATCC and nine clinics through the method of microdilution in broth according to NCCLS. It was realized sowing of the contents from the well of microdilution plate, after incubation, for determination of MMC of the natural extracts. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated for MTT assay, having as an experimental model cultivation of mice macrophages (RAW 264.7), and through the ELISA test, for cytokyne quantification IL-1β and TNF-α produced by the cellular cultivation after a period of 24 hours exposed to the extracts MMC. The results were subordinated to statistical analisys (ANOVA and Turkey test), with p≤0,05. Related to the antimicrobial activity, the natural extracts of horsetail, pomegranate and barbatimam eliminated all the strains to the concentration of 50 mg/mL and the natural extract of licorice promoted the eliimination of 100 mg/mL. Regarding to the cellular viability of the active MMC for the 100% of strains, it was observed meaningful reduction (p<0,01) in all the natural extracts compared to the control group, and, as a result, horsetail exhibited an average of 48%; licorice, 79%; pomegranate, 76%; e barbatimam, 86%. As the production of cytokyne the pomegranate extract presented production of IL-1β (7,72 pg/mL) significantly superior to the other groups, including the control (p<0,05). The barbatimam extract exhibited an intermediate average value of IL-1β (3,98 pg/mL), being statistically... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Luciane Dias de Oliveira
Coorientador: Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
Banca: Rosilene Fernandes da Rocha
Banca: Mariella Vieira Pereira Leão
Mestre
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Lancellotti, Marcelo. "Estudo epidemiológico de Staphylococcus spp em ambientes, água e portadores sadios e determinação da sensibilidade a antimicrobianos /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103899.
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Orientador: Fernando Antônio de ÁvilaBanca: Patrícia Amoroso
Banca: Branca Maria de Oliveira Santos
Banca: Ruben Pablo Schocken-Iturrino
Banca: José Moacir Marin
Resumo: Este trabalho objetivou trazer uma contribuição aos estudos relacionados à infecção cruzada, por Staphylococcus spp, dentro do ambiente dos consultórios odontológicos, destacando as principais fontes de contaminação e o provável risco a que os profissionais e pacientes estão expostos. Foram coletadas 160 amostras de água, 300 amostras de fômites e 360 amostras das mãos (direita e esquerda) e da cavidade nasal de dentistas, auxiliares e pacientes em 40 consultórios. A determinação da contagem de Staphylococcus spp na água, pelo método de filtração em Millipore® ,mostrou que 28% não atenderam ao padrão de potabilidade estabelecidos pela American Dental Association. Dentre os consultórios estudados, os de atendimento de convênio apresentaram a maior contaminação da água (62,5%) e os consultórios particulares (36%) e de convênios (35%) apresentaram maior contaminação em relação aos fômites pesquisados. As regiões de fômites mais contaminadas foram: assento (90%), maçaneta (80%), aparelho de Rx (76%) e caneta de alta rotação (70%). A área anatômica mais contaminada foi à cavidade nasal (66%) seguido da mão esquerda (57%) e mão direita (42%). A correlação entre os isolados de Staphylococcus spp nos fômites, água e áreas anatômicas significativa, podendo ser sugerido que houve infecção cruzada nos consultórios odontológicos estudados. As cepas de Staphylococcus spp, isoladas das águas de abastecimento do equipamento odontológico, foram sensíveis aos antibióticos ciprofloxacina (97%) e vancomicina (91%) e resistentes a oxacilina (78%), enquanto, as cepas, isoladas de fômites, das mãos e cavidade nasal foram sensíveis ao antibiótico ciprofloxacina (85%) e resistentes a oxacilina (88%).
Abstract: This work aimed at making a contribution to studies related to cross infection by Staphylococcus spp in the environment of dental offices, focusing on main contamination sources and possible risk for professionals and patients. There have been collected 160 samples of water, 300 samples of fomites, and 360 samples from hands (right and left) and nasal cavities of dentists, assistants, and patients in 40 dental offices. The count determination of Staphylococcus spp in water, through the Millipore® filtering method, has shown that 28% did not meet the standard of potability established by the American Dental Association. Among studied dental offices, dental care plan offices have presented the highest rate of contamination of water (62,5%), and private offices (36%) and dental care plan offices (35%) have presented the highest rate of contamination as to researched fomites. The most contaminated fomites areas were: chair (90%), door knob (80%), Rx device (76%), and high-speed handpiece (70%). The most contaminated anatomical area was the nasal cavity (66%), followed by left (57%) and right hands (42%). The correlation among isolated Staphylococcus spp in fomites, water, and anatomical areas was significant, therefore, it might be suggested that there has been cross infection in the studied dental offices. Strains of Staphylococcus spp, which had been isolated from dental equipment water, were sensible to antibiotics ciprofloxacin (97%) and vancomycin (91%), and they were resistant to oxacillin (78%); on the other hand, strains isolated from fomites in hands and nasal cavities were sensible to antibiotics ciprofloxacin (85%) and oxacillin (88%).
Doutor
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Almeida, Rosilene Batista de Aguiar. "Avaliação da atividade dos óleos essenciais de cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf, Tagetes minuta L. e Curcuma zedoaria roscoe frente aos microrganismos Candida spp., Staphylococcus spp. e Streptococcus mutans /." São José dos Campos, [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100688.
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Orientador: Antonio Olavo Cardoso JorgeBanca: Juliana Campos Junqueira
Banca: Geraldo Batista de Melo
Banca: Silvana Soléo Ferreira dos Santos
Banca: Rosilene Fernandes da Rocha
Resumo: Na procura de meios preventivos e curativos para doença periodontal e cárie dentária, plantas medicinais com finalidade fungicida, bactericida e antiinflamatória vêm sendo investigadas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o de avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana utilizando-se óleos essenciais de Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf, Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe e Tagetes minuta L. sobre cepas de Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus mutans e Candida spp. em crescimento planctônico e em biofilme. Para estudo dos microrganismos em crescimento planctônico, foram determinadas a Concentração Inibitória Mínima e a Concentração Fungicida Mínima de nove cepas clínicas e uma cepa padrão para cada espécie: C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, S. aureus, S. epidermidis e S. mutans. Para avaliação dos efeitos dos óleos essenciais em biofilme, foram utilizadas cepas padrão de Candida albicans (ATCC 18804), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) e Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 35688) isolados e em associações em corpos-de-prova durante cinco dias. A seguir, os corpos-de-prova em resina acrílica foram lavados e colocados em contato com óleos essenciais durante 5 min. O número de unidades formadoras de colônias obtidas em cada biofilme (UFC/mL) foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e teste t-Student utilizando-se o software Minitab considerando-se o nível de significância p ≤ 0,05. Também foi realizada microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) nos corpos-de-prova em resina acrílica com biofilme com tratamento e controle. Foram observadas reduções significativas do número de unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC/mL) tanto no biofilme como em associação. As maiores reduções ocorreram no tratamento do óleo essencial de C. citratus, seguidas pelo óleo de T. minuta e C. zedoaria. Os óleos essenciais de Cymbopogon citratus, Tagetes minuta e Curcuma zedoaria apresentaram... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: In the search for preventive and curative means for periodontal disease and tooth decay, herbal-purpose fungicide, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory have been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity using the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus (D.C.) Stapf, Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe and Tagetes minuta L. on strains of Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus mutans and Candida spp. in planktonic and biofilm growth. For the study of microorganisms in planktonic growth, were determined Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Microbicidal Concentration of nine clinical strains and one ATCC for each species: C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. mutans. To assess the effects of essential oils in biofilm, was used strains of Candida albicans (ATCC 18804), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 35688) alone and in associations in acrylic resin discs immersed in sterile brain heart infusion broth (BHI) containing 5% sucrose, inoculated with microbial suspension and incubated for 5 days. On the fifth day, the discs were washed in sterile saline solution in order to remove loosely bound material. Next, the acrylic resin discs were washed and placed in contact with essential oils for 5 min. The number of CFU obtained in each biofilm (CFU/mL) were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis using Minitab software considering with significance level p ≤ 0.05. It was also performed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) acrylic resin disc with biofilm with treatment and control. It was identified significant reductions in the number of colony forming units (CFU/mL) in both planktonic and biofilm associated. The largest reductions occurred in the treatment of essential oil of C. citratus, followed by oil of T. minuta and C. zedoaria. We conclude that the essential oils of Cymbopogon citratus... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Maluta, Renato Pariz. "Isolamento e perfil de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos de cepas de estafilococcus resistentes à meticilina em um hosapital veterinário de ensino no Brasil /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/94930.
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Orientador: Fernado Antônio de ÁvilaBanca: José Moacir Marin
Banca: Luiz Florencio Franco Margatho
Resumo: O objetivo desse estudo foi isolar cepas de estafilococos resistentes a meticilina (MRS) de humanos e cães e verificar os seus respectivos perfis de suscetibilidade a diversos antimicrobianos em um hospital veterinário de ensino no Brasil. Foram analisados espécimes de 50 pessoas e de 50 cães para isolamento de estafilococos que foram identificados através de características morfotintoral, reações bioquímicas e resistência a antimicrobianos. Foi verificado o perfil de suscetibilidade a oxacilina, penicilina, ciprofloxacina, gentamicina, clindamicina, eritromicina, sulfametoxazol+trimetoprim e vancomicina. Não foram isolados Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a meticilina (MRSA) e Staphylococcus intermedius resistentes a meticilina (MRSI). Foram isoladas duas cepas de estafilococos coagulase-negativas resistentes a meticilina (MRCoNS) de cães (4%) e 18 cepas de MRCoNS de seres humanos (36%). Todas as cepas de estafilococos isoladas foram sensíveis a vancomicina. O isolamento de MRCoNS merece atenção devido à hipótese que estes podem transferir o gene mecA para estafilococos coagulase-positivos. A ausência de cepas de MRSA resistentes a vancomicina é importante por ser este um antibiótico que pode ser usado como alternativa extrema. Programas de vigilância de MRS devem ser estimulados em unidades de saúde veterinárias.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to isolate methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) strains from humans and dogs and verify their susceptibility profile to several antimicrobials in a veterinary teaching hospital in Brazil. Specimens from 50 people and 50 dogs were analyzed to the isolation of staphylococci. They were identified trough gram staining, biochemical reactions and resistance to antimicrobials. Susceptibility profile to oxacillin, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, clindamycin, erythromycin, trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole and vancomycin was verified. It was not isolated any strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus intermedius (MRSI). Two strains of methicillin-resistant coagulasenegative staphylococci (MRCoNS) were isolated from dogs (4%) and 18 strains were isolated from humans (36%). MRCoNS isolation is important because there is the hypothesis that mecA transferring from MRCoNS to coagulase-positive staphylococci could occur. The absence of MRSA strains resistant to vancomycin is important because this antimicrobial could be used as an important alternative against MRSA infections. Surveillance programs aiming MRS should be stimulated in veterinary health units.
Mestre
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Bonesso, Mariana Fávero. "Determinação da virulência e da resistência antimicrobiana em Staphylococcus spp. isolados de pacientes do Serviço de Dermatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, SP /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89938.
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Resumo: Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a meticilina (MRSA) emergiram logo após a introdução desse fármaco para tratamento de infecções hospitalares. A emergência da resistência a meticilina em cepas de Staphylococcus aureus na comunidade (CAMRSA) instiga a pesquisa de novos tratamentos e dos mecanismos de virulência relacionados a essas cepas. Indivíduos que não apresentavam fatores de risco tradicionais para aquisição de MRSA eram gravemente afetados por cepas de CAMRSA que geralmente apresentam-se mais virulentas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi determinar a ocorrência de Staphylococcus spp. e os fatores de risco para aquisição de MRSA como causa de infecções de pele e/ou de tecidos moles. Durante o período de estudo foram atendidos 127 pacientes com diagnóstico de infecções agudas de pele, sendo que 19 (14,9%) pacientes apresentaram cultura bacteriológica negativa e 108 (85,1%) apresentaram cultura positiva para Staphylococcus spp., isolando-se 116 amostras. Dessas 116 amostras, 66 (56,9%) foram identificadas como S. aureus e 50 (43,1%) como Estafilococos coagulase-negativa (ECN). O gene de resistência a meticilina foi detectado em 26 (21%) amostras, sendo sete (26,9%) em S. aureus e 19 (73,1%) em ECN. A resistência fenotípica para os discos de cefoxitina e oxacilina foi detectada em seis (85,7%) das amostras de S. aureus positivas para o gene mecA e, com relação aos ECN, 10 (52,6%) mostraram-se resistentes à oxacilina e somente cinco (26,3%) amostras mostraram-se resistentes para o disco de cefoxitina. Das 7 amostras de S. aureus positivas para o gene mecA 1 (14,2%) foi do tipo Ia, 3 (42,9%) do tipo II e 3 (42,9%) do tipo IV. Para os ECN foram encontrados 2 (10,5%) do tipo I e II cada, 3 (15,8%) do tipo III, 5 (26,4%) do tipo IV e 7 (36,8%) não foram tipáveis. O gene da PVL foi detectado em 15,1% das amostras de S. aureus. Os fatores de risco encontrados... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)Abstract: The emergency of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in the community (CA-MRSA), lead to the search of new options of treatment and the virulence factors regarded to them. Individuals without the traditional risk factors for acquisition of MRSA were severely affected CA-MRSA strains, usually more virulent than health-care associated strains (HA-MRSA). The aim of this work was determinate the Staphylococcus spp. occurrence and the risk factors for MRSA acquisition as the main cause of skin and soft tissue infections. During the study period 127 patients were attended and diagnosed as acute skin infections, and 19 (14.9%) of the patients had negative bacterial culture and 108 (85.1%) had positive culture for Staphylococcus spp. and from that 116 samples were recovered. From these 116 samples, 66 (56.9%) were S. aureus and 50 (43.1%) were CoNS (coagulase-negative Staphylococcus). The methicillin resistance gene mecA was detected in 26 (21%) from the strains where 7 (26.9%) were S. aureus and 19 (73.1%) were CoNS. The phenotypic resistance for the cefoxitin and oxacillin discs was detected in 6 (85.7%) of S. aureus samples and, regarded to the CoNS samples 10 (52.6%) were resistant to the oxacillin disc and just 5 (26.3%) samples were resistant for the cefoxitin disk. From 7 S. aureus samples mecA positive 1 (14.2%) was type Ia, 3 (42.9%) type II and 3 (42.9%) type IV. For the CoNS isolated, 2 (10.5%) were tipe I and II for each one, 3 (15.8%) type III, 5 (26.4%) type IV and 7 (36.8%) were not able to type. The PVL gene was detected in 10 (15.1%) on S. aureus samples. The risk factors attributed to the MRSA acquisition on this study were the previous ciprofloxacin intake [OR: 8.75 (1.59 - 48.29) p= 0.01] and work in the health care settings [OR: 17.5 (1.22 - 250.36) p= 0.04]
Orientador: Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha
Coorientador: Silvio Alencar Marques
Banca: Carlos Magno Branco Fortaleza
Banca: Antonio Carlos Campos Pignatari
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Siqueira, Amanda Keller. "Indicadores de qualidade, pesquisa de marcadores de virulência e multirresistência aos antimicrobianos em estirpes de Staphylococcus spp. em leite de origem bovina produzido no sistema orgânico /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106034.
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Resumo: O presente estudo investigou a qualidade microbiológica do leite de duas pequenas propriedades orgânicas (I e II) do estado de São Paulo, bem como a presença de marcadores de virulência de Staphylococcus spp. e isolados bacterianos multirresistentes aos antimicrobianos. Foram analisados os principais constituintes do leite, contagem bacteriana total, nível de celularidade, além da presença de resíduos de antimicrobianos, com base nas Normativas 051 e 064 do MAPA. O efeito das estações do ano sobre os parâmetros pesquisados também foi considerado. Foram realizadas 12 colheitas em cada uma das duas propriedades, das quais 12 mensais dos latões e quatro trimestrais de todos os animais. No total foram colhidas amostras de leite de 178 animais (259 tetos). Destes, 125/259 (48,27%) tetos acusaram mastite subclínica no CMT, 2/259 (0,77%) tetos mastite clínica e 132/259 (50,96%) foram negativos. A mediana da CCS das duas propriedades variou entre 311,67 x 1000 céls/mL e 447,83 x 1000 céls/mL e a CBT variou entre 25,4 x 1000 UFC/mL e 141,63 x 1000 UFC/mL, sem influência das estações do ano. Os principais constituintes do leite mantiveram-se dentro dos parâmetros estabelecidos. Das 86 amostras de leite da propriedade I, seis (6,97%) foram positivas para a presença de resíduos de antimicrobianos, enquanto das 173 amostras da propriedade II, 16 (9,24%) foram positivas. Staphylococcus spp. e Corynebacterium bovis foram os micro-organismos mais freqüentes, isolados em 58/259 (22,39%) e 50/259 (19,30%), respectivamente, de amostras de leite dos animais. Das 58 linhagens de Staphylococcus spp., 48 (82,76%) foram classificadas como coagulase positivas (ECPs) e 10 (17,24%) como coagulase negativas (ECNs). Para os ECPs, S. intermedius foi mais frequente (46,56%), seguido por S. aureus (22,42%). Dentre os ECNs, S. warneri foi caracterizado em 13,80% das linhagens. A sensibilidade das ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)Abstract: The present study investigated the microbiological quality of milk from two small organic properties (I and II) from São Paulo State, as well as the presence of virulence markers of Staphylococcus spp. and multidrug-resistant isolates to antimicrobials. We analyzed the major milk components, total bacterial count, level of cellularity and the presence of antimicrobial residues, based on Normative 051 and 064 MAPA, Brazil. The effect of seasons on the studied parameters was also considered. Twenty harvests were conducted in each of the two properties, including 12 monthly and four quarterly samples of all animals. In total we collected milk samples from 178 animals (259 mammary glands). Of these, 125/259 (48.27%) mammary glands showed subclinical mastitis on CMT, 2/259 (0.77%) clinical mastitis and 132/259 (50.96%) had been negative. The median of SCC of the two properties varied between 311.67 x 1000 cells/mL and 447.83 x 1000 cells/mL and TBC showed between 25.4 x 1000 CFU/mL and 141.63 x 1000 CFU/mL, without influence of the seasons. The contents of the main milk components remained with the established standards. Of the 86 samples of milk from the property I, six (6.97%) were positive for the presence of antimicrobial residues, while from 173 samples of property II, 16 (9.24%) were positive. Staphylococcus spp. and Corynebacterium bovis were the most frequent microorganisms isolated in 58/259 (22.39%) and 50/259 (19.30%), respectively, in the milk samples of animals. Of the 58 strains of Staphylococcus spp., 48 (82.76%) were classified as coagulase positive (CPS) and 10 (17.24%) as coagulase negative (CNS). For the CPS, S. intermedius was more frequent (46.56%), followed by S. aureus (22.42%). Among the CNS, S. warneri was characterized in 13.80% of the strains. The sensitivity of Staphylococcus spp. strains was > 88% for ceftiofur, oxacillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Orientador: Márcio Garcia Ribeiro
Coorientador: Domingos da Silva Leite
Banca: José Paes de Almeida Nogueira Pinto
Banca: Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha
Banca: Evelise Oliveira Telles
Banca: Elizabeth Oliveira da Costa Freitas Guimarães
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Calsolari, Regina Adriana de Oliveira. "Determinação do perfil toxigênico em Staphylococcus aureos e estafilococos coagulase-negativa isolados de recém-nascidos pela técnica de RT-PCR /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87826.
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Orientador: Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da CunhaBanca: Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha
Banca: Carlos Alberto Magalhães Lopes
Banca: Elisa Yoko Hirooka
Resumo: Não disponível.
Abstract: The Staphylococcus spp. are often found in the hospital ambient, being associated with a large infection variety. Several factors of virulence are responsible for the Staphylococcus pathology, and the enter toxin originated from Staphylococcus and the TTST -1 (toxin of toxic shock syndrome) are accentuated among them. In this study, ninety Staphylococcus aureus patterns and ninety negative-coagulation of Staphylococcus patterns, isolated from different clinical materials, were examined by the PCR technique for the gene's research which encode the toxins originated from Staphylococcus A (sea), B (seb), C (sec-1 ), D (sed) and TTST -1 (tst). The patterns that appeared positives for the presence of one or more genes were tested by the production capacity of the respective toxins by the RT -PCR technique. In relation to ECN species, the S. epidermidis was isolated to a large frequency, corresponding to 71, 1% of the total of ECN examined patterns, as well as S. warneri (6, 7%), S. haemolyticus (5, 6%), S. hominis (5, 6%), S.lugdunensis (5, 6%)J S. simulans (3, 3%), S. saprophyticus (1, 1 % ) and S. Xylosus (1, 1 %). The results revealed a total of 108 toxicological patterns, corresponding to 59 (54, 6%) S. aureus patterns and 49 (45, 4%) ECN patterns with one or more toxicological genes. Among the ECN studied species, only the S. simulans type didn't present genes that encode toxins originated from Staphylococcus. TheS.aureus showed toxicological genes for ali the classes of examined toxins, while the ECN presented genes to the A (sea), B (seb) C (sec-1) and TSST -1 (tst) toxins. The sec-1 gene was the most found as well in S.aureus patterns as in ECN, while the seb gene was the most frequent in S. aureus. The detection of the toxin production by the RT -PCR technique revealed43 positive patterns, corresponding to 37 (86, 0% ) S.aureus patterns producers of EEA, EEB, EEC, EED, and/or TSST -1 and six (14, 0%) ECN patterns producers of EEA and EEC.
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Salerno, Tatiana. "Avaliação microbiológica, físico-química e detecção de resíduos de antimicrobianos em leite humano, bovino e caprino e pesquisa de toxinas em linhagens de Staphylococcus spp. /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106026.
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Orientador: Márcio Garcia RibeiroCoorientador: José Paes de Almeida Nogueira Pinto
Banca: Antonio Carlos Paes
Banca: Hélio Langoni
Banca: Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha
Banca: Nilson Roberti Benites
Resumo: O presente estudo avaliou a qualidade microbiológica, as características físicoquímicas e a presença de resíduos de antimicrobianos em leite de mulheres, vacas e cabras, bem como investigou a multirresistência bacteriana à antimicrobianos e a detecção de genes e produção de toxinas em linhagens de Staphylococcus spp. Foram colhidas 240 amostras de leite de mulheres encaminhadas ao Banco de Leite Humano (BLH) de Botucatu, SP, 200 amostras de leite de vacas com mastite e 200 de vacas sem mastite. Iguais quantidades de amostras de leite foram colhidas de cabras com e sem mastite. Dentre os tetos amostrados de vacas e cabras com mastite, 85,50% e 97,50% respectivamente acusaram mastite subclínica no CMT. A mastite clínica foi observada em 14,50% dos tetos de vacas e 2,50% dos tetos de cabras amostrados. A presença de micro-organismos em leite de vacas e cabras sem mastite foi verificada em cerca de 25,00% das amostras de leite testadas, alertando para a presença de animais portadores de patógenos no rebanho. A acidez dornic do leite de mulheres revelou que 95,42% encontraram-se dentro dos limites aceitáveis pela Rede Nacional de BLH. O aporte calórico do leite humano (LH) apresentou ampla variação nos teores de creme, gordura e valor energético. A acidez dornic do leite de vacas e cabras com e sem mastite apresentaram ampla variação indicando que outros fatores, além da contaminação microbiana do leite, podem interferir nos índices de acidez titulável. Staphylococcus spp. e Enterobacter spp. foram os isolados mais frequentes em amostras de LH. Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. e Corynebacterium bovis foram os micro-organismos mais comumente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The present study evaluated the microbiological quality, the characteristics physicist-chemistries and the presence of antimicrobials residues in milk of women, cows and goats, as well as investigated the bacterial multidrug resistance and the detection of genes and/or toxin production in Staphylococcus spp. strains. Was collected 240 milk samples from women referred to the Human Milk Bank (HMB) in Botucatu, 200 milk samples from cows with mastitis and 200 cows without mastitis. Equal amounts of milk samples were collected from goats with and without mastitis. Among the sampled cows and goats teats with mastitis, 85.50% and 97.50% respectively accused subclinical mastitis on CMT. Clinical mastitis was observed in 14.50% of cows teats and 2.50% of the sampled goats teats. The presence of microorganisms in milk from cows and goats without mastitis was found in about 25.00% of the milk samples tested, warning of the presence of pathogens from animals in the herd. Dornic acidity of woman's milk revealed that 95.42% were within acceptable limits by the National Network of HMB. Calorie intake of human milk (HM) showed wide variation in the amounts of cream, fat and energy value. Dornic acidity of cows and goats milk with and without mastitis showed wide variation indicating that other factors in addition to microbial contamination of milk can interfere with acidity indices. Staphylococcus spp. and Enterobacter spp. were the most frequently isolated in samples of human milk. Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Corynebacterium bovis were the microorganisms most commonly isolated in milk cows with and without mastitis. In milk samples from goats with and without... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Ferreira, Adriano Martison. "Avaliação de métodos de identificação e determinação do perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos em staphylococcus spp. isolados de pacientes com infecção do trato urinário (ITU) /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89931.
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Orientador: Maria de Lourdes Ribeiro de Souza da CunhaBanca: Alessandro Lia Mondelli
Banca: Brasilina Campos Salles Cerqueira
Resumo: A infecção do trato urinário (ITU) é uma das infecções mais comuns na prática clínica, sendo S. saprophyticus o segundo agente mais frequente na comunidade. Esse estudo objetivou comparar três métodos fenotípicos de identificação e avaliar o perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos em Staphylococcus spp. isolados de pacientes com ITU. As 101 amostras de estafilococos isoladas foram identificadas pelo disco de novobiocina, Vitek I e método simplificado de provas bioquímicas, utilizando como referência o método genotípico ITS-PCR. A prova da DNAse teve uma boa correlação com a coagulase em tubo, apresentando 100,0% sensibilidade e 97,6% de especificidade. No teste de concordância entre os métodos de identificação, o método simplificado de provas bioquímicas obteve taxas de concordância de 98,0% em relação ao ITS-PCR, enquanto que com o Vitek I foi de 81,2%, e com o disco de novobiocina de 89,1%. O maior percentual de resistência encontrado foi à oxacilina (78,0%) seguido da penicilina (73,0%), sendo todas as amostras sensíveis à vancomicina, linezolida e nitrofurantoina. Os 17 isolados de S. aureus encontrados foram identificados corretamente por todos os métodos e os que carreavam o SCCmec do tipo III foram os que apresentaram maior resistência aos antimicrobianos. Das 18 amostras de estafilococos mecA positivos encontradas neste estudo, 15 (83,3%) foram resistentes aos discos de cefoxitina e oxacilina concomitantemente, além disso foram resistentes também à oxacilina pelo E-test® e pelo Vitek I. Dos 57 S. saprophyticus, 7 (12,3%) foram resistentes ao disco de cefoxitina e nenhum apresentou o gene mecA, enquanto 56 (98,2%) demonstraram resistência ao disco de oxacilina, sendo que todos foram resistentes pelo E-teste® e pelo Vitek I e somente dois apresentaram o gene mecA e carreavam o SCCmec do tipo IV. Em relação aos métodos de detecção... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in clinical practice, and S. saprophyticus is the second most frequent agent in the community. This study aimed at comparing three phenotypic methods to identify and evaluate the sensitivity profile to antimicrobials in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from patients with UTI. The 101 samples of staphylococcus isolated were identified by novobiocin disks, Vitek I and the simplified method of biochemical tests, using the ITS-PCR genotypic method as reference. The DNAse test showed good correlation with tube coagulase, exhibiting 100.0% sensitivity and 97.6% specificity. In the agreement test between the identification methods, the simplified method of biochemical tests showed agreement rates of 98.0% in relation to ITS-PCR, whilst with Vitek I, it was of 81.2%, and with the novobiocin disk, it was of 89.1%. The highest resistance percentage found was to oxacillin (78.0%), followed by penicillin (73.0%), and all samples were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid and nitrofurantoin. The 17 isolates of S. aureus found were correctly identified by all methods, and those carrying type-III SCCmec showed the greatest resistance to antimicrobials. Of the 18 mecA-positive staphylococcus samples found in this study, 15 (83.3%) were concomitantly resistant to cefoxitin and oxacillin disks. Additionally, they were also resistant to oxacillin by the E-test® and by Vitek I. Of the 57 S. saprophyticus, 7 (12.3%) were resistant to the cefoxitin disk, and none showed the mecA gene, while 56 (98.2%) showed resistance to the oxacillin disk, all of them were resistant by the E-test® and by Vitek I, and only two showed the mecA gene and carried the type-IV SCCmec. As regards the detection methods for oxacillin resistance, the diffusion technique with oxacillin disks, E-test® and Vitek I showed greater sensitivity (94.4%) and lower specificity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Book chapters on the topic "Staphylococcus spp. eng"
1
Sefton, Armine. "Use of Antimicrobials and Toxicity." In Tutorial Topics in Infection for the Combined Infection Training Programme. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801740.003.0054.
Full textAbstract:
Broad-spectrum antibacterial agents kill most bacteria including gram-positive rods and cocci, gram-negative rods and cocci, and often anaerobes too. Narrow-spectrum agents kill a narrow range of microbes, e.g. benzylpenicillin is mainly active against gram-positive cocci. By and large a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial is less likely to disrupt a patient’s normal flora than a broad-spectrum agent. Hence, if the likely organism is causing an infection it is best to give a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial to treat that specific organism. If a patient presents ‘septic’ and the source of infection is unknown, relevant cultures should be taken followed by broad-spectrum antimicrobial cover. This can later be modified either when the source of infection is found or as a result of microbiology culture results. ● Agents mostly active against gram-positive bacteria include: ■ Penicillin (Also active against Neisseria spp.). ■ Fusidic acid. ■ Macrolides (Also active against Legionella, Campylobacter, Bordetella spp.). ■ Clindamycin. ■ Glycopeptides. ■ Oxazolidinones. ■ Streptogramins. ● Agents mainly active against gram-negative bacteria include: ■ Polymyxin. ■ Trimethoprim. ■ Aminoglycosides (also active against staphylococci and show synergy when combined with beta-lactams against/glycopeptides against streptococci). ■ Monobactams. ■ Temocillin. ● Broad-spectrum antimicrobials include: ■ Beta-lactam plus beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. ■ Cephalosporins. ■ Carbapenems. ■ Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines/Glycyclines. A bactericidal agent is a compound that actively kills multiplying bacteria. A bacteriostatic compound inhibits the growth of bacteria. Whether or not an antimicrobial is bactericidal or bacteriostatic depends on a variety of things, including the type of agent, its concentration, and the organism it is being used to treat. It is especially important to try and use a bactericidal agent if the patient’s immune system is impaired or the infection is at a site where it is difficult for the immune system to access, e.g. the heart valves in bacterial endocarditis, the meninges in meningitis. Examples of each are given here: ● Bactericidal agents include beta-lactams, glycopeptides, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides. ● Bacteriostatic agents include macrolides, clindamycin, tetracyclines, trimethoprim, and sulphonamides. The therapeutic index of a drug is the ration of the concentration of drug likely to be toxic to the patient divided by the concentration of drug likely to be clinically effective.