Relevant bibliographies by topics / Starch Storage

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Starch Storage'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Starch Storage"

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Hagenimana, Vital, Ronald E. Simard, and Louis-P. Vézina. "Amylolytic Activity in Germinating Sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Roots." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 119, no. 2 (March 1994): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.119.2.313.

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In vitro activity measurements indicate that storage sweetpotato roots contain high amounts of extractable amylolytic enzymes. These storage roots also have a very high starch content, a characteristic indicating that the in vitro measurements estimate potential amylolytic activity rather than actual physiological activity. We are interested in optimizing the use of endogenous amylases when processing sweetpotato roots and have undertaken a study to identify physiological parameters that control in vivo starch breakdown. Sweetpotato roots were allowed to germinate for 35 days in controlled conditions. Using a combination of in vitro activity measurements and immunochemical detection, the spatial distribution and changes in activity levels for the three major amylolytic enzymes in storage sweetpotato roots—α-amylase, β-amylase, and starch phosphorylase—have been followed. After 6 days, α-amylase protein increased in the outer starchy parenchymatous tissues surrounding the cambium layers, a result suggesting a de novo synthesis of the enzyme in cambium or laticifers layers. β-Amylase was abundant throughout the root at all times, and its high levels did not directly affect starch degradation rates. Starch phosphorylase protein level remained constant, while its extractable activity increased. Starch content decreased during sweetpotato seed root germination. However, the amount of starch that disappeared during germination was low compared with the calculated starch hydrolysis potential estimated by amylolytic activity measurements.
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Tetlow, Ian. "Starch Biosynthesis in Crop Plants." Agronomy 8, no. 6 (May 25, 2018): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8060081.

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Starch is a water-insoluble polyglucan synthesized inside the plastids of plant tissues to provide a store of carbohydrate. Starch harvested from plant storage organs has probably represented the major source of calories for the human diet since before the dawn of civilization. Following the advent of agriculture and the building of complex societies, humans have maintained their dependence on high-yielding domesticated starch-forming crops such as cereals to meet food demands, livestock production, and many non-food applications. The top three crops in terms of acreage are cereals, grown primarily for the harvestable storage starch in the endosperm, although many starchy tuberous crops also provide an important source of calories for various communities around the world. Despite conservation in the core structure of the starch granule, starches from different botanical sources show a high degree of variability, which is exploited in many food and non-food applications. Understanding the factors underpinning starch production and its final structure are of critical importance in guiding future crop improvement endeavours. This special issue contains reviews on these topics and is intended to be a useful resource for researchers involved in improvement of starch-storing crops.
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Yu, K., Y. Wang, Y. Xu, L. Guo, and X. Du. "Correlation between wheat starch annealing conditions and retrogradation during storage." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 34, No. 1 (June 3, 2016): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/255/2015-cjfs.

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Kavakli, I. Halil, Casey J. Slattery, Hiroyuki Ito, and Thomas W. Okita. "The conversion of carbon and nitrogen into starch and storage proteins in developing storage organs: an overview." Functional Plant Biology 27, no. 6 (2000): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp99176.

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In this article we provide an overview on recent developments in starch and storage protein biosynthesis, two seemingly distinct biochemical processes, which have been shown to be inter-dependent based on results from genetic and transgenic studies. The pathway of carbon to starch in cereal seeds has been found to be substantially different from other plants in having ADPglucose, the precursor of starch biosynthesis, formed mainly in the cyto-plasm in addition to the normal site of synthesis, the plastid. Analysis of starch mutants and the use of antisense technology have shed considerable light on the possible roles of individual starch synthase and branching enzyme isoforms as well as those of enzyme activities normally associated with a degradative function in starch formation. Analysis of storage protein in the model system rice indicates that sites of protein synthesis and compartmentation of macromolecules are stratified within specific intracellular regions. The possible implications of this intracellular partitioning of carbon (starch) and nitrogen (storage protein) utilization are discussed.
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Yao, Yuan, Yi Min, Meng Ting Geng, Xiao Hui Wu, Xin Wen Hu, Shao Ping Fu, and Jian Chun Guo. "The Effects of Calcium on the In Vitro Cassava Storage Root Formation." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 4529–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.4529.

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Calcium can affect in vitro cassava storage roots formation and starch accumulation. Low concentration of calcium stimulates to induce in vitro cassava storage roots formation and the accumulation of starches. With the addition of calcium concentration, the diameter of the in vitro cassava storage roots was increased, but the induction rate and starch content was decreased. The scanning electron microscope observations SC124 in vitro cassava storage roots starch and field cultivation of cassava root starch, starch grains formed by these two different ways is very similar in size and shape. Our findings show that, apply tissue culture techniques to study the cassava starch synthesis mechanism is feasible.
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Xiong, Yufei, Ye Ren, Wang Li, Fengsheng Wu, Wenjie Yang, Xiaolong Huang, and Jialing Yao. "NF-YC12 is a key multi-functional regulator of accumulation of seed storage substances in rice." Journal of Experimental Botany 70, no. 15 (April 11, 2019): 3765–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz168.

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AbstractStarch and storage proteins, the primary storage substances of cereal endosperm, are a major source of food for humans. However, the transcriptional regulatory networks of the synthesis and accumulation of storage substances remain largely unknown. Here, we identified a rice endosperm-specific gene, NF-YC12, that encodes a putative nuclear factor-Y transcription factor subunit C. NF-YC12 is expressed in the aleurone layer and starchy endosperm during grain development. Knockout of NF-YC12 significantly decreased grain weight as well as altering starch and protein accumulation and starch granule formation. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that in the nf-yc12 mutant genes related to starch biosynthesis and the metabolism of energy reserves were enriched in the down-regulated category. In addition, starch and protein contents in seeds differed between NF-YC12-overexpression lines and the wild-type. NF-YC12 was found to interact with NF-YB1. ChIP-qPCR and yeast one-hybrid assays showed that NF-YC12 regulated the rice sucrose transporter OsSUT1 in coordination with NF-YB1 in the aleurone layer. In addition, NF-YC12 was directly bound to the promoters of FLO6 (FLOURY ENDOSPERM6) and OsGS1;3 (glutamine synthetase1) in developing endosperm. This study demonstrates a transcriptional regulatory network involving NF-YC12, which coordinates multiple pathways to regulate endosperm development and the accumulation of storage substances in rice seeds.
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Denyer, K., CM Hylton, and AM Smith. "The Effect of High Temperature on Starch Synthesis and the Activity of Starch Synthase." Functional Plant Biology 21, no. 6 (1994): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9940783.

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The decrease in yield which is observed when developing storage organs such as cereal grains or potato tubers are exposed to high temperatures is due to a lower final starch content. The rate of starch synthesis during the development of these storage organs at high temperature, is either reduced or fails to increase sufficiently to compensate for the shorter developmental period. This effect on the rate of starch synthesis does not seem to be due to a reduction in the supply of photosynthate. One of the enzymes in the pathway of starch synthesis, soluble starch synthase, is susceptible to heat inactivation at unusually low temperatures and may also have a low optimum temperature for maximum activity. In some storage organs, the maximum catalytic activity of soluble starch synthase is not very much greater than the rate of starch synthesis. A decrease in the activity of this enzyme is therefore, likely to affect the rate of starch synthesis. Thus, the effect of high temperature on the rate of starch synthesis may be due, at least in part, to the properties of this enzyme. This review discusses the unusual heat-sensitivity of starch synthase in the context ofthe effects of high temperature on starch synthesis in storage organs.
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Du, Ting Ting, Hong Lei, Hai Bin Wang, and Ji Chuan Huo. "Research of the Influence of Starch-Based Sizing Agent on the Stiffness of Glass Fibre." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.165.

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The stiffness of pristine glass fibre and glass fibre coated with starch sizing agent were studied on different storage conditions. The results indicate that the glass fibre coated with starch sizing agent is greatly influenced by the environment. It was confirmed that the starch sizing agent is the main factor affecting the stiffness of glass fibre. Using SEM, FTIR, XRD, DSC, three kinds of starch sizing agents under different storage conditions were studied. The results show that dried starch films produce holes that absorb water in humidity environment. Some bound water formed during the moisture absorbing process. The molecular structure, ordered degree and heat resistance of deteriorated starch is affected by the wet storage conditions.
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Osunsami, A. T., J. O. Akingbala, and G. B. Oguntimein. "Effect of Storage on Starch Content and Modification of Cassava Starch." Starch - Stärke 41, no. 2 (1989): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/star.19890410205.

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Senanayake, Suraji, Anil Gunaratne, K. K. D. S. Ranaweera, and Arthur Bamunuarachchi. "Effect of Hydroxypropylation on Functional Properties of Different Cultivars of Sweet Potato Starch in Sri Lanka." International Journal of Food Science 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/148982.

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Starches obtained from different cultivars of sweet potatoes commonly consumed in Sri Lanka, were chemically modified with hydroxypropyl substitution, to analyze the changes in the physicochemical properties. Significant changes (P<0.05) in the crude digestibility level, thermal properties, and the water separation (syneresis) of starch gels (7.0% db) during cold and frozen storage were observed due to the modification. Hydroxypropylation increased the gel stability, water solubility, digestibility, and storage stability of the native starches in the cold storage to a significant level. Lowered gelatinization and retrogradation enthalpies as well as gelatinization temperature were observed for derivatized starches compared to the native starch. Low levels of pasting stability with increased levels of breakdown and reduced cold paste viscosity were observed in the hydroxypropylated starch samples except for the Malaysian cultivar (S5). Chemically modified starch gels stored under cold storage did not show a syneresis for two weeks in the cycle and the frozen storage showed much improved stability in the starch gels within the four-week cycle. Chemical modification of sweet potato starch with hydroxyl propyl substitution can enhance the functional characteristics of the native starch which will improve its potential application in the food industry.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Starch Storage"

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Entwistle, Tina Gail. "Synthesis of storage starch." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316826.

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Hawker, John Seth. "Sucrose and starch metabolism in leaves, storage organs and developing fruits of higher plants." Title page, contents and summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SD/09sdh392.pdf.

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Hill, Loinel Mark. "The source of carbon for starch synthesis by amyloplasts from developing pea embryos." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334704.

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Singh, Khushdeep. "In-vitro starch digestibility and predicted GI of bread - effect of baking and storage." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74439.

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Hsu, Chuan-liang. "Influence of cooling rate on glass transition temperature and starch retrogradation during low temperature storage /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9924889.

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Rosburg, Valerie Ann. "Viability of bifidobacteria in yogurts containing oat beta-glucan and/or corn starch during cold storage." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1473251.

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Fernandes, Daiana de Souza [UNESP]. "Adição de maltodextrina e farelo de mandioca na formulação de sorvetes." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/137893.

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Submitted by DAIANA DE SOUZA FERNANDES null (daianas_fernandes@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-11T12:37:50Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO Daiana de Souza Fernandes.pdf: 2281356 bytes, checksum: b89b0fbdb2b817f09d8077182c28316c (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-12T14:29:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_ds_me_bot.pdf: 2281356 bytes, checksum: b89b0fbdb2b817f09d8077182c28316c (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-12T14:29:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandes_ds_me_bot.pdf: 2281356 bytes, checksum: b89b0fbdb2b817f09d8077182c28316c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-23<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>A procura por alimentos com um apelo mais saudável aumentou, com isso, as indústrias estão em constante busca pelo desenvolvimento de produtos que atendam a essa demanda. O desenvolvimento de alimentos com reduzido teor de gordura e alto teor de fibras está direcionado a consumidores que buscam alimentos com baixo valor calórico e com apelo funcional. O trabalho objetivou desenvolver sorvetes com menor teor de gordura e maior teor de fibras, utilizando na formulação produtos derivados da mandioca, e avaliar as características físicas, químicas e sensoriais dos produtos obtidos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o central composto rotacional para dois fatores, totalizando onze tratamentos com diferentes concentrações de farelo (fonte de fibras) e maltodextrina de mandioca (substituto de gordura). O farelo de mandioca utilizado foi desidratado e caracterizado quanto à composição físico-química. Os sorvetes preparados nas diferentes condições experimentais foram analisados para: umidade, cinzas, carboidratos, matéria graxa, proteínas, sólidos solúveis, pH, acidez, textura, incorporação de ar (overrun), derretimento (melting test), cor, análise térmica (DSC), análise sensorial e intenção de compra. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente e, com base nesta análise, estabeleceu-se a condição de concentração de maltodextrina e farelo de mandioca que atendeu o maior número de parâmetros de qualidade e aceitação. O sorvete preparado na condição estabelecida no primeiro ensaio foi dividido em porções e avaliou-se as alterações na textura, cor, derretimento, análise sensorial, intenção de compra e presença de cristais durante o armazenamento dos sorvetes nos tempos 0, 30, 60 e 90 dias. Os resultados obtidos mostraram não terem ocorrido efeitos significativos dos parâmetros variáveis da formulação do sorvete sobre os teores de cinzas, proteínas,pH e acidez. A adição de maiores concentrações de farelo de mandioca reduziu a incorporação de ar, aumentou o tempo de derretimento, reduziu a dureza dos sorvetes e influenciou de forma negativa todos os parâmetros sensoriais avaliados. Já a adição de maltodextrina aumentou os teores de carboidrato e sólidos solúveis dos sorvetes, reduziu a dureza e foi eficiente na substituição da gordura vegetal hidrogenada reduzindo o teor de matéria graxa em cerca de 58 %. A adição de até 50 % de maltodextrina em substituição a gordura aumentou a aceitação sensorial e intenção de compra dos sorvetes. Durante o armazenamento do sorvete ocorreram alterações na cor, derretimento, textura e presença dos cristais de gelo, porém, essas alterações não afetaram significativamente os parâmetros sensoriais durante todo o armazenamento. Os resultados mostraram que o farelo e a maltodextrina de mandioca tem potencial para serem usados como ingredientes em sorvetes.<br>The demand for foods with a healthier appeal increased. As a result, industries are constantly looking for developing products that meet this demand. The development of foods with reduced fat and high fiber content is directed at consumers who have been looking for foods with low caloric value and functional appeal. The objective of this study was to develop an ice cream using cassava derivative products in the formulation and to evaluate the physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of the products obtained. The experimental design was rotational central composite for two factors, totaling eleven treatments with different concentrations of cassava bran (source of fiber) and cassava maltodextrin (a fat substitute). The cassava bran was dehydrated and characterized for the physical and chemical composition. The ice cream prepared in different experimental conditions were analyzed for: moisture, ash, carbohydrates, fatty matter, protein, soluble solids, pH, acidity, texture, overrun, meltingtest, color, thermal analysis (DSC), sensory evaluation and purchase intent. The results were statistically analyzed and, based on this analysis, it was established the condition of concentration of maltodextrin and cassava bran that met the highest number of quality parameters and acceptance. A mass batch prepared in the condition set out in the first experiment was divided into portions and evaluated the changes in texture, color, melting, sensory analysis, purchase intent and presence of crystals during storage of ice cream at 0, 30, 60 and 90 days. The results showed no significant effects of cassava bran and maltodextrin on the contents of ash, protein, pH and acidity. The addition of higher concentrations of cassava bran reduced the incorporation of air increased melting time, reduced the hardness of the ice cream and it influenced negatively all sensory parameters. The addition of maltodextrin increased the contents of total carbohydrate, and soluble solids of ice cream, reducing hardness and it was efficient in the lowering of 58% of the levels of fatty matter. The addition of up to 50% maltodextrin increased the sensory acceptance and purchase intent of ice cream. The storage of ice cream promoted changes in color, melting texture and presence of ice crystals, however, these changes did not affect the sensory parameters throughout the storage time. The results showed that the cassava bran and maltodextrin has potential to be used as ingredients in ice cream.
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Kadouche, Derifa. "The comparative biochemistry of storage polysaccharide metabolism in Chlamydiales and Cyanobacteria : insights into the evolution of glycogen and starch metabolism in Eukaryotes." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10226/document.

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Le glycogène et l’amidon sont les formes de polysaccharides de réserve les plus répandues. Ils sont tous deux constitués de résidus de glucose liés en α-1,4, et branchés en α-1,6. Bien qu’ils se distinguent fortement par leurs propriétés physico-chimiques, l’amidon a évolué à partir d’un métabolisme du glycogène préexistant. Il est apparu après l’endosymbiose primaire du plaste qui a eu lieu il y a plus d’un milliard d’années entre une cellule eucaryote et une cyanobactérie. Il a été proposé que l’endosymbiose primaire du plaste ait impliqué la manipulation du métabolisme des polysaccharides de réserve par une bactérie intracellulaire obligatoire pathogène qui appartient à l’ordre des Chlamydiales. Afin de comprendre l'histoire évolutive des gènes du métabolisme du glycogène, et enquêter sur l’implication d’une bactérie de l’ordre des Chlamydiales dans l’endosymbiose plastidiale, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’évolution des polysaccharides chez les cyanobactéries et les Chlamydiales. Nous avons donc disséqué le fonctionnement de ce métabolisme chez Cyanobacterium sp. CLg1, une cyanobactérie de l’ordre des Chroococcales qui accumule simultanément de l’amidon et du glycogène. D’autres part, nous avons étudié l’évolution du métabolisme des polysaccharides de réserve chez les Chlamydiales. La plupart des enzymes du métabolisme du glycogène des Chlamydiales ont été caractérisées. Les résultats de la caractérisation renforcent notre théorie de ménage à trois et l’implication des Chlamydiales dans l’établissement de l’endosymbiose primaire du plaste. L’impact du métabolisme du glycogène des Chlamydiales sur l’évolution de celui des plantes et des animaux est discuté<br>Glycogen and starch are the most commonly found forms of storage polysaccharides. They both consist solely of glucose residues linked and branched respectively through α-1,4 and α-1,6 glycosidic bonds. Although they considerably differ in their physicochemical properties, starch evolved in only a few steps in eukaryotes from the pre-existing eukaryotic glycogen metabolism. It appeared, after primary plastidial endosymbiosis which took place over one billion years ago between an ancestral cyanobacterium and a heterotrophic eukaryotic host. This endosymbiosis has been recently proposed in the “Ménage à Trois Hypothesis” (MATH) to have been triggered and facilitated through manipulation of glycogen metabolism by obligate intracellular bacteria pathogens, belonging to the order Chlamydiales. In order to understand the evolutionary history of glycogen metabolism genes, and to investigate the possible nature of the Chlamydiales involvement in primary plastid endosymbiosis, we probed the evolution of storage polysaccharide metabolism in both extant Chroococcales and Chlamydiales. So we dissected the functioning of the metabolism in Cyanobacterium sp. CLg1, a cyanobacterium of order Chroococcales that simultaneously accumulate starch and glycogen. On the other hand, we investigated the evolution of storage polysaccharide metabolism in Chlamydiales. Several recombinant enzymes of glycogen metabolism were thus characterized. Our characterization strengthens the MATH and the implication of the Chlamydiales in the establishement of primary plastidial endosymbiosis. The importance of our findings with respect to the evolution of glycogen metabolism in animals and plants is discussed
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Moreira, Adriane Maranho. "Caracterização físico-química e culinária na predição da qualidade de grãos de arroz de terras altas." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4351.

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Submitted by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-25T20:20:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adriane Maranho Moreira - 2012.pdf: 1092932 bytes, checksum: fcc9fe552451e7a08633d5313a1957b8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Luanna Matias (lua_matias@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-26T12:46:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adriane Maranho Moreira - 2012.pdf: 1092932 bytes, checksum: fcc9fe552451e7a08633d5313a1957b8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T12:46:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Adriane Maranho Moreira - 2012.pdf: 1092932 bytes, checksum: fcc9fe552451e7a08633d5313a1957b8 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-28<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>The evaluation of cooking and sensory characteristics of a particular cultivar is an important attribute for rice grain quality, in order to direct the decisions by the breeding programs and to allow the prediction of its market acceptance. The target population of this study was originated from a cross between two upland rice cultivars, BRS Primavera and Douradão, chosen in order to add to descendent genotypes the desirable grain quality of the first with the favorable agronomic profile of the second. The objective of this research was to propose a methodology for evaluating the quality of grain from that upland rice segregating population under different storage conditions, to optimize line selection in rice breeding programs focused on rice table. The grains were harvested in 2010 in Santo Antonio de Goiás, milled and analyzed for apparent amylose content, gelatinization temperature, rice flour paste viscosity and cooking test. The results were used to calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient (r). The ANOVA was performed by applying the "F" distribution of Fischer- Snedecor, adopting a significance level of 5%. The physicochemical characterization performed showed the existence of heterogeneous families. The observed changes in the physicochemical and cooking characteristics prove that time and temperature of storage promote modifications on chemical and physical properties of the grain, being the grain cohesiveness reduction the most pronounced change. From the use of the proposed methodology, it was possible to perform the pre-selection of accesses in the target population, by reducing at least 76% the number of resulting samples for final selection. Only 5% of the progeny were pre-selected for the five treatments simultaneously. Indirect analysis recommended for the characterization of rice cooking quality for direct consumption did not provide the desired setting with the cooking test, showing the need for greater integration of generated results and the application of more refined sensory test; on the other hand, they present themselves as appropriate to allow the pre-selection of accesses by this methodology. The methodology proposed in this study showed to be a useful tool in the pre-selection of individuals, and may also be adapted in the pre-selection of lines for other purposes in breeding programs of rice culture and even for other cultures.<br>A avaliação de características culinárias e sensoriais de determinada cultivar é atributo importante para qualidade de grãos em arroz, direcionando decisões para os programas de melhoramento e permitindo predizer sua aceitação no mercado. A população alvo deste estudo originou-se do cruzamento entre duas cultivares de arroz de terras altas, BRS Primavera e Douradão, escolhidas com o propósito de agregar nos genótipos descendentes as características de qualidade de grãos da primeira com o perfil agronômico favorável da segunda. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi propor uma metodologia de avaliação da qualidade de grãos, a partir dessa população segregante sob diferentes condições de armazenamento, para otimizar a seleção de linhagens em programas de melhoramento com foco em arroz de mesa. Os grãos foram provenientes da safra/2010 em Santo Antonio de Goiás, beneficiados e analisados quanto ao teor de amilose aparente, temperatura de gelatinização, perfil viscoamilográfico e teste de cocção. Os resultados foram utilizados para calcular o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson (r). Na análise de variância foi empregada a distribuição "F" de Fischer-Snedecor, adotando-se nível de significância de 5%. A caracterização físico-química realizada mostrou a existência de heterogeneidade nas famílias. As mudanças observadas nas características físico-químicas e culinárias comprovam que o tempo e a temperatura de armazenamento promovem alterações na estrutura físico-química do grão, sendo a redução na pegajosidade a alteração mais pronunciada. A partir do uso da metodologia proposta, foi possível realizar a pré-seleção de famílias da população em estudo, reduzindo pelo menos 76% o número de amostras resultantes para a seleção final. Somente 5% da progênie foram pré-selecionadas simultaneamente nos cinco tratamentos. As análises indiretas recomendadas para a caracterização da qualidade culinária de arroz para mesa não apresentaram o ajuste desejado com o teste de panela, mostrando a necessidade de maior integração dos resultados gerados e da aplicação de teste sensorial mais refinado; por outro lado, apresentam-se como adequadas para possibilitar a pré-seleção de linhagens por essa metodologia. A metodologia proposta neste estudo mostrou-se como ferramenta útil na pré-seleção de famílias, podendo ainda ser adaptada na pré-seleção de genótipos para outros fins em programas de melhoramento da cultura de arroz e, até mesmo, de outras culturas.
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Guinchard, Marie-Pierre. "Comportement hivernal du trèfle blanc (Trifolium repens l. ) : morphogénèse et rôle des composés carbonés." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1995_GUINCHARD_M_P.pdf.

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La pérennité du trèfle blanc (Trifolium repens l. ) est en partie conditionnée par sa survie hivernale et sa reprise printanière. L’objectif du présent travail est de déterminer les effets des basses températures sur la morphogénèse et sur l'évolution des réserves carbonées du trèfle blanc. Des suivis expérimentaux réalisés en plein champ montrent que la morphogénèse du trèfle est principalement sous la dépendance de la température et notamment de l'indice actinothermique. Des réserves carbonées (amidon et sucres solubles) sont accumulées dans les stolons, les racines et les feuilles, caractérisant un endurcissement de la plante aux basses températures. Les plus fortes mortalités foliaires observées pendant l'hiver sont dues aux alternances rapides de gels et dégels, notamment en début d'hiver et qui conduisent à une forte consommation de l'amidon stocké dans les stolons. Des gels simulés en conditions contrôlées induisent une déshydratation des plantes, moins forte chez les plantes endurcies. En réponse aux basses températures positives, on observe une accumulation de solutés dans les cellules, conduisant à un ajustement osmotique. Les sucres solubles contribuent pour 20 à 30% à cet ajustement osmotique, indiquant que des composés autre que les sucres interviennent. Une comparaison variétale montre que dans nos conditions expérimentales, Aberherald présente un taux d'émission des feuilles identique à Huia. Le meilleur rendement en matière sèche de Aberherald observé au champ à la première coupe est du à des feuilles plus grosses, des pétioles et des stolons plus longs et plus épais. Ainsi Aberherald possède une valeur adaptative au froid supérieure à Huia. En période hivernale et printanière, les réserves carbonées ne limitent pas le taux d'émission des feuilles mais influencent la croissance des organes émis. Les réponses de la plante au froid concernant la morphogénèse et les réserves carbonées sont discutées en termes de mécanismes de tolérance, de résistance et d'adaptation
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Books on the topic "Starch Storage"

1

Jerome, Jerry. Dry storage: The marinas' answer to water access. Skokie, IL (3949 Oakton, St., Skokie 60076): Van Zevern Publications, 1990.

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Minardi, Marco. Stanche come gli asini cantavamo come i merli: Storie di tabacchine. Granarolo dell'Emilia (BO) [i.e Bologna, Italy]: Socialmente, 2009.

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Minardi, Marco. Stanche come gli asini cantavamo come i merli: Storie di tabacchine. Granarolo dell'Emilia (BO) [i.e Bologna, Italy]: Socialmente, 2009.

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Deardorff, Thomas C. Remote shelving services. Washington, DC: Association of Research Libraries, 2006.

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Peter, Moore. Precedents and opinions. Bondi Junction, NSW, Australia: Blackstone Press, 1989.

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Precedent inflation. New Brunswick, U.S.A: Transaction Publishers, 1992.

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Beattie, R. Mark, Anil Dhawan, and John W.L. Puntis. Carbohydrate intolerance. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569862.003.0018.

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Carbohydrates in the diet 128Carbohydrate digestion 129Hypolactasia/lactose intolerance 130Congenital sucrase–isomaltase deficiency 130Glucose–galactose malabsorption 131Confirmation of diagnosis of carbohydrate malabsorption 131Carbohydrates make up at least half the energy intake in the diet. The principal carbohydrates are the storage polysaccharides (starch, glycogen and cellulose), the disaccharides lactose and sucrose, and the monosaccharides glucose and fructose....
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González Huerta, R. G., J. M. Sandoval Pineda, N. Hernández Pérez, and E. Álvarez del Rio. Interconnection to the network and energy storage systems. State of the art. EPOMEX-UAC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.26359/epomex.cemie022017.

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For technical reasons, the amount of electricity fed to the electrical grid must always remain at the same level of the demand requested by theconsumers to prevent blackouts and damage to the network. This leads to situations where production is greater than consumption and vice versa. This is where storage system technologies and interconnection to the network play a key role in balancing these disadvantages. Untilrecently, the utility of energy storage systems was focused on improving the efficiency of conventional generation systems, such as the use of pumped hydroelectricity to supplement the supply to the network in periods of extra demand or for plant start-ups. This type of storage technology is today the most reliable and in many ways the only one economically available. However, its use it is limited to specific cases that meet strict characteristics. Currently globally, the approach to storage technologies of energy, is to help improve the overall sustainability of large quantities of renewable energies, coming from intermittent sources such like the sun, the sea or the wind
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Elliott, Dodson Paul, and National Dry Stack Marina Conference (1988 : Fort Lauderdale, Fla.), eds. Dry stack marina handbook: Incorporating the proceedings of the National Dry Stack Marina Conference, Fort Lauderdale, FL, Feb. 7-10, 1988. Wickford, RI: International Marina Institute, 1990.

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Garbi, Madalina. The general principles of echocardiography. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199599639.003.0001.

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Knowledge of basic ultrasound principles and current echocardiography technology features is essential for image interpretation and for optimal use of equipment during image acquisition and post-processing.Echocardiography uses ultrasound waves to generate images of cardiovascular structures and to display information regarding the blood flow through these structures.The present chapter starts by presenting the physics of ultrasound and the construction and function of instruments. Image formation, optimization, display, presentation, storage, and communication are explained. Advantages and disadvantages of available imaging modes (M-mode, 2D, 3D) are detailed and imaging artefacts are illustrated. The biological effects of ultrasound and the need for quality assurance are discussed.
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Book chapters on the topic "Starch Storage"

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Smith, Alison M., Kay Denyer, and Cathie Martin. "Starch Biosynthesis in Storage Organs." In Plant Molecular Biology, 159–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78852-9_16.

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Harding, Stephen E., Michael P. Tombs, Gary G. Adams, Berit Smestad Paulsen, Kari Tvete Inngjerdingen, and Hilde Barsett. "Storage Polysaccharides: Starch and Fructans." In An Introduction to Polysaccharide Biotechnology, 127–51. Second edition / Stephen E. Harding [and five others]. | Boca: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315372730-4.

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Vilaplana, Francisco, Wei Zou, and Robert G. Gilbert. "Starch and Plant Storage Polysaccharides." In Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering, 149–65. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119390350.ch8.

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Smith, Alison M. "Regulation of starch synthesis in storage organs." In Regulation of Primary Metabolic Pathways in Plants, 173–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4818-4_9.

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Colpaert, Matthieu, Malika Chabi, Ugo Cenci, and Christophe Colleoni. "Storage Polysaccharides in Prokaryotes: Glycogen, Granulose, and Starch-Like Granules." In Bacterial Organelles and Organelle-like Inclusions, 177–210. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60173-7_8.

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Moorthy, S. N., M. S. Sajeev, R. P. K. Ambrose, and R. J. Anish. "Conclusions and future prospects." In Tropical tuber starches: structural and functional characteristics, 264–70. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786394811.0264.

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Abstract This book chapter outlines the future steps in improving the status of the tropical tuber crops: (1) reduce the period of maturity of all the TTCs to 110-150 days, (2) improve the tuber shape and make them more definitive in shape, (3) improve plant architecture to attain a harvest index of 0.70, (4) eliminate antinutritional factors and improve nutritive values, (5) impart resistance to the three major biotic problems afflicting the TTCs: CMD (cassava mosaic disease), taro leaf blight and sweet potato weevil, (6) introduce determinacy in cassava and yams, (7) increase the post-harvest storage life, (8) reduce the loss during post-harvest storage, transportation and processing, (9) use biotechnological means to alter starch characteristics like amylose content, chain length and phosphorus content in starch, (10) it is also suggested that there should be a 'starch bank', which acts as a repository of different starches and provides information on all physicochemical and functional properties for various applications to researchers and industries, and (11) an organization to carry out exclusive research on tuber starches may be established in any of the TTC-growing countries.
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Okita, Thomas, Arun Aryan, Christopher Reeves, Woo Taek Kim, Douglas Leisy, Jim Hnilo, and David Morrow. "Molecular Aspects of Storage Protein and Starch Synthesis in Wheat and Rice Seeds." In Plant Nitrogen Metabolism, 289–327. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0835-5_9.

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Neuhaus, Ekkehard, Joachim Tjaden, and Torsten Möhlmann. "The plastidic ATP/ADP-Transporter: Implications for starch metabolism in chloroplasts and storage plastids." In Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects, 3649–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_851.

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Lindhauer, M. G., and M. A. R. De Fekete. "Starch synthesis in potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers: Activity of selected enzymes in dependence of potassium content in storage tissue." In Plant Nutrition — Physiology and Applications, 643–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0585-6_108.

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Frampton, Michael. "Cloud Storage." In Complete Guide to Open Source Big Data Stack, 17–58. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2149-5_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Starch Storage"

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Sarifudin, Achmat, Siriwat Soontaranon, Supagorn Rugmai, and Sunanta Tongta. "Effect of storage humidity on the structural, morphological properties and water adsorption capacity of ethanol-treated starch." In SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5064341.

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Silva, Viviane De Souza, Farayde Matta Fakhouri, Luna Valentina Angulo Arias, Rosa Helena Aguiar, and Rafael Augustus Oliveira. "Bread preservation with use of edible packaging." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7799.

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We live in a world that usually use plastic bags either to go shopping or to pack the snack for a short trip. However, packaging makes life easier and serves as protection for products such as food. Bread is a common food product that needs packaging in order to be protected at storage and transportation. Therefore, with aim of reducing petroleum derived packagin g consumption it was developed an edible film from potato starch to packeg bread and some quality characteristics like water content, firmness and weight loss were evaluated, showing that edible film can be used as a packaging.Keywords: biopolymers; edible coatings; packaging materials; starch; storage.
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Dr. FERRERO CRISTINA and Dr. ZARITZKY NOEMI. "The glass transition temperature of frozen foods and its influence on stability during frozen storage: analysis in starch sugar systems." In 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.9793.

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Oka, Yasuhiro, and Akihiko Goto. "Research of Adhesive Effect Enhanced by Pounding Brush on Second Lining Pounding Procedure for Japanese Scrolls." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-37886.

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Hanging scrolls are a traditional Japanese ornamental art, which allow paintings and calligraphy to be unrolled and hung on a wall or in an alcove for display, and rolled up and stored in a box. Hanging scrolls should hang straight when unrolled, and roll smoothly for proper storage, without damaging the artwork beneath. For this purpose, scrolls are lined with several layers of Japanese paper, and adhered together with a weak, aged paste made from wheat starch, which gives the paper the flexibility required when the scrolls are rolled up for storage. While this old paste facilitates winding a scroll because it does not become hard even when dried, it does not have sufficient adhesive effect to grip Japanese paper. In order to increase the adhesive power of this aged paste, craftsmen employ a traditional technique of pounding the paper with a special “pounding brush.” This pounding technique is an important part of the fabrication process of hanging scrolls, but it is a difficult task for each generation to pass down the proper pounding technique. This study was intended to verify the effects of the pounding technique on aged paste and Japanese paper. We prepared samples with the pounding technique and investigated their adhesive properties of samples by peel text. In order to verify the importance of this traditional technique and the traditional materials, we compared and analyzed the differences in adhesion between craftsmen of different skill and differences introduced by paste concentration and backing paper quality.
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Taha, Ahmed A., Tarek Abdel-Salam, and Madhu Vellakal. "Hydrogen, Biodiesel and Ethanol for Internal Combustion Engines: A Review Paper." In ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2015-1011.

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Alternative fuels research has been on going for well over many years at a number of institutions. Driven by oil price and consumption, engine emissions and climate change, along with the lack of sustainable fossil fuels, transportation sector has generated an interest in alternative, renewable sources of fuel for internal combustion engines. The focus has ranged from feed stock optimization to engine-out emissions, performance and durability. Biofuels for transportation sector, including alcohols (ethanol, methanol…etc.), biodiesel, and other liquid and gaseous fuels such as methane and hydrogen, have the potential to displace a considerable amount of petroleum-based fuels around the world. First generation biofuels are produced from sugars, starches, or vegetable oils. On the contrary, the second generation biofuels are produced from cellulosic materials, agricultural wastes, switch grasses and algae rather than sugar and starch. By not using food crops, second generation biofuel production is much more sustainable and has a lower impact on food production. Also known as advanced biofuels, the second-generation biofuels are still in the development stage. Combining higher energy yields, lower requirements for fertilizer and land, and the absence of competition with food, second generation biofuels, when available at prices equivalent to petroleum derived products, offer a truly sustainable alternative for transportation fuels. There are main four issues related to alternative fuels: production, transportation, storage, handling and usage. This paper presents a review of recent literature related to the alternative fuels usage and the impact of these fuels on fuel injection systems, and fuel atomization and sprays for both spark-ignition and compression-ignition engines. Effect of these renewable fuels on both internal flow and external flow characteristics of the fuel injector will be presented.
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Guédez, Rafael, James Spelling, Björn Laumert, and Torsten Fransson. "Reducing the Number of Turbine Starts in Concentrating Solar Power Plants Through the Integration of Thermal Energy Storage." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94562.

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The operation of steam turbine units in solar thermal power plants is very different than in conventional base-load plants. Due to the variability of the solar resource, much higher frequencies of plant start-ups are encountered. This study provides an insight to the influence of thermal energy storage integration on the typical cycling operation of solar thermal power plants. It is demonstrated that the integration of storage leads to significant reductions in the annual number of turbine starts and is thus beneficial to the turbine lifetime. At the same time, the effects of storage integration on the electricity costs are analyzed to ensure that the designs remain economically competitive. Large storage capacities, can allow the plant to be shifted from a daily starting regime to one where less than 20 plant starts occur annually. Additionally, the concept of equivalent operating hours is used to further analyze the direct impact of storage integration on the maintenance planning of the turbine units.
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Mock, Patrick C., and Paul C. Joss. "Limits on energy storage in the crusts of accreting neutron stars." In High velocity neutron stars and gamma−ray bursts. AIP, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.50238.

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Miley, George H., Nie Luo, and Kyu-Jung Kim. "A Dry-Borohydride/Injected-Hydrogen-Peroxide Fuel Cell." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33259.

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The design and testing of a 20-W (average power with short pulses to 45W) prototype fuel cell is presented. This cell is intended as an auxiliary power supply for a small robotic vehicle. The energy density exceeds 300 Watt-hour/kg. This cell is essentially a dry-borohydride/injected-hydrogen-peroxide fuel cell. This enables extremely long shelf life prior to use. The anode utilizes dry NaBH4 for storage while the cathode chamber is empty during storage. The initiation of cell operation is done by injection of the oxidizer, an aqueous H2O2 solution (stored in a separate container) to the cathode side of the fuel cell. The ionic conduction required for membrane operation is initially helped by the H2O content from the H2O2 solution. Once the electrochemical reaction starts, more water is generated as the reaction product and this continues to maintain a good ionic conductance over the run time of the cell. Continued operation is done with auxiliary fuel tanks to maintain very long run time when required. Once a run is over, the cell can be drain, flushed clean and returned to storage waiting for the next mission. The experimental details of such a cell stack are described in this paper.
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Sobhansarbandi, Sarvenaz, and Fatemeh Hassanipour. "Melting Process Expedition of Phase Change Materials via Silicone Oil." In ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2018 Power Conference and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2018-7503.

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This paper presents a novel method of heat transfer enhancement and melting process expedition of phase change materials (PCMs) via silicone oil for the application in thermal energy storage systems. Sudden spot heating/cooling of the PCM causes a non-uniform melting process and in some cases the volume expansion/contraction. To avoid this malfunction, silicone oil can be applied in these systems to increase convective heat transfer (stirring effect). The feasibility of this method is investigated by two experimental analysis, one by having the mixture in a cylindrical container and one in a cubic container. The results from the images taken by Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) camera in the first analysis show a uniform melting process of the PCM. In the second analysis, the comparison is made for the two parallel setups with and without the silicone oil with the same operating conditions. The results show that in the system that lacks silicone oil, the paraffin starts melting after around 11 minutes from the heater start-up, while this time is around 6 minutes in the system with silicone oil. The effectiveness of silicone oil in enhancing the heat transfer rate is shown by a temperature rise of around 10 °C in the container. Applying PCMs in conjunction with silicone oil in various thermal storage systems for heating/cooling applications specifically in solar thermal collectors, enables heat transfer enhancement and consequently heat storage directly on the system.
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Schmitt, John M. "Incorporating Energy Variations Into Controlled Sagittal Plane Locomotion Dynamics." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35740.

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The spring loaded inverted pendulum template has been shown to accurately model the steady locomotion dynamics of a variety of running animals. While the template models the leg dynamics by an energy-conserving spring, insects and animals have structures that dissipate, store and produce energy during a stance phase. Recent investigations into the spring-like properties of limbs, as well as animal response to drop step perturbations, suggest that animals use their legs to manage energy storage and dissipation, and that this management is important for gait stability. In this paper, we extend our previous analysis of control of the spring loaded inverted pendulum template via changes in the leg touch-down angle to include energy variations during the stance phase. We incorporate energy variations through leg actuation that varies the force-free leg length during the stance phase, yet maintains qualitatively correct force and velocity profiles. In contrast to the partially asymptotically stable gaits identified in previous analyses, we find that incorporating energy and leg angle variations in this manner enables the system to recover from perturbations similar to those that might be encountered during locomotion over rough terrain.
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Reports on the topic "Starch Storage"

1

Flaherty, Julia E., and John A. Glissmeyer. Stack Flow Rate Changes and the ANSI/N13.1-1999 Qualification Criteria: Application to the Hanford Canister Storage Building Stack. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1328844.

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Glissmeyer, J. A., and A. D. Maughan. Airborne Effluent Monitoring System Certification for New Canister Storage Building Ventilation Exhaust Stack. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5086.

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DAVIS, T. J. Feed Delivery Storage and Disposal Mission Summary for 2006 Hot Start [PHASE 1]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803000.

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DAVIS, T. J. Tank Farm Contractor Phase 1 Feed Delivery Storage and Disposal Mission Summary for 2006 Hot Start. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803001.

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DAVIS, T. J. Phase 1 Feed Delivery and Storage and Disposal Mission Summary for 2006 Hot Start Extended Order. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803005.

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DAVIS, T. J. Tank Farm Contractor Phase 1 Feed Delivery and Storage and Disposal Mission Summary for 2006 Hot Start Extended Order. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803006.

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Drees, Angelika. Effective ZDC cross section measurement during a dedicated STAR elastic scattering physics store in Run15. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1580251.

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Kløcker Larsen, Rasmus, and Maria Boström. “Låt renen få igen landet som det var”: Konsekvenser av gruvan och vägen på Stihken för Vilhelmina Södra sameby. Stockholm Environment Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.007.

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Denna rapport presenterar en studie av Vilhelmina Södra samebys erfarenheter av de konsekvenser som gruvan på Stihken fört med sig, en gruva som drevs av Boliden Mineral AB 1976–1988. Det finns i dag ett stort kunskapsglapp angående vilka de faktiska konsekvenserna är av gruvindustri på samisk markanvändning, inklusive renskötseln. Detta är så vitt vi vet första gången som forskningen empiriskt belyser konsekvenserna av gruvindustrin, och de faktiska utfallen av försöken till efterbehandling, utifrån en samebys egna erfarenheter och kunskap. Studien genomfördes 2019–2020 i ett samarbete mellan samebyn, Svenska Samernas Riksförbund och Stockholm Environment Institute. Datainsamlingen har bestått av arbetsmöten, intervjuer, workshops, dokumentanalys och kartering med stöd av RenGIS och forskning om störningszoner. Fokus i denna rapport ligger på just Vilhelmina Södra samebys erfarenheter och gruvans konsekvenser för andra samebyar eller icke-renskötande samer i området har därför inte inkluderats. Resultaten visar den omfattande påverkan som gruvan haft på samebyn, dels under driftperioden men i högsta grad också efteråt. Under drifttiden förorsakade gruvan stora direkta och indirekta markförluster, med störningar från brytningen och trafiken, damning på betet, blockering av det naturliga flyttstråket och förlust av stora delar av samebyns renar in i Norge eller in på grannbyarnas mark på svensk sida. I nutid handlar de största konsekvenserna om en omfattande störning från besöksnäringen på grund av vägen som drogs i tidigare väglöst land. Detta föranleder i sin tur stort betesbortfall; försämrad djurhälsa och kondition för renen; förhöjd arbetsbelastning, fysiska påfrestningar, och arbetsmiljörisker för renskötarna; ökade kostnader för renskötselaktiviteter; samt förlust av samiska kulturminnen, ökad psykisk påfrestning, försämrade möjligheter för samebyns unga att satsa på renskötseln, och förlust av traditionell kunskap. Dessa forskningsresultat är viktiga för att korrigera vanligt förekommande missuppfattningar i den politiska och offentliga debatten kring gruvindustrin: nämligen att gruvindustrin och renskötseln kan samexistera utan någon större påverkan på renskötseln. De visar också tydligt vem som har bäst kunskap att bedöma riskerna vid en gruvetablering: samebyn identifierade redan på 1960-talet, och det ganska så exakt, de risker som denna studie nu kunnat visa blivit verklighet medan försöken från statens representanter var långt mindre precisa. Exempelvis antog statens experter en total störningszon på 500 meter runt gruvområdet och 100 meter på bägge sidor om vägen. Detta står i stark kontrast till de störningszoner som samebyn faktiskt har upplevt, nämligen upp mot 10 kilometer för gruvan och 1,5 kilometer för vägen. Problemen härrör främst från det faktum att svensk lagstiftning inte ger tillräckligt skydd för samiska rättigheter. De hänger även ihop med statens tvetydiga roll i hanteringen av de intressekonflikter som uppstår när man både har en skyldighet att skydda samiska rättigheter och ska tillgodose olika samhälls- och företagsekonomiska intressen i utvinningen av mineraler. Denna brist på ansvarstagande, som samebyn upplever från statens sida, visar med all tydlighet att den koloniala exploateringen av naturresurserna i Sápmi inte är ett historiskt fenomen utan något som i allra högsta grad fortgår än i dag. Som ett exempel har inga ansträngningar som helst gjorts för att se över huruvida den begränsade ekonomiska ersättningen som staten genomförde under 1960–70 talet verkligen motsvarar de faktiska skador som samebyn fått uthärda. Det finns flera sätt att åtgärda problemen i området vid Stihken. Exempelvis skulle regeringen kunna ge SGU i uppdrag att återställa området från tidigare prospekteringsverksamhet och kommun och länsstyrelse skulle i sin tur kunna ingripa för att hantera besöksnäringen och friluftslivet. Vad denna studie främst belyser är dock behovet av en genomgripande strategi från statens sida för att komma till rätta med konsekvenserna av Bolidens gruvprojekt och dess följdeffekter. Utifrån senaste årens rättsutveckling torde det numera finnas goda möjligheter för staten att se över sitt ansvar för de skador som framkommit på området vid Stihken.
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