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Journal articles on the topic 'State intermediary'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Mehrling, Perry. "The State as Financial Intermediary." Journal of Economic Issues 34, no. 2 (2000): 365–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00213624.2000.11506274.

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2

Nosirova, Nargiza. "FORMATION OF INTERMEDIATE EXPORT ORGANIZATIONS TO INCREASE THE EXPORT POTENTIAL OF SMALL BUSINESSES." Economics and Innovative Technologies 11, no. 2 (2023): 316–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55439/eit/vol11_iss2/i31.

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This article describes in detail the mechanism of establishing three types of intermediary export organizations, i.e. intermediary export organizations organized by the state, intermediary export organizations organized in the form of an association for specific sectors, and commercial intermediary organizations, in order to increase the efficiency of the export of goods produced by small businesses and private enterprises.

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3

Amatori, Franco. "IRI: financial intermediary or entrepreneurial state?" Financial History Review 27, no. 3 (2020): 436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0968565020000219.

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The Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale (IRI), a state-controlled holding company, was founded in 1933. Its original mission was to prevent the collapse of Italy's largest universal banks by taking over their huge industrial shareholdings. As a consequence, the historiography traditionally associates it with the concept of ‘entrepreneurial state’. This article aims to challenge this interpretation by focusing on the ideas and actions of three prominent figures: Alberto Beneduce, the IRI's first chairman; Donato Menichella, Beneduce's right-hand man who became governor of the Bank of Ital

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4

van Veelen, Bregje. "Caught in the middle? Creating and contesting intermediary spaces in low-carbon transitions." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 38, no. 1 (2019): 116–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654419856020.

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The distributed nature of renewable energy has given rise to new forms and scales of energy governance, in particular the emerging role of households and community organisations in generating and distributing renewable energy. Accompanying this trend has been the emergence of intermediary organisations, whose role it is to mediate between these actors cf. the market and the state, with the aim to move from local experimentation to widespread transformational change. While in recent years a significant body of research has emerged that has considered intermediary functions, less is known about

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5

Eusepi, Giuseppe, and Richard E. Wagner. "Indebted state versus intermediary state: who owes what to whom?" Constitutional Political Economy 23, no. 3 (2012): 199–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10602-012-9121-8.

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6

Li, Yang, Yuanzhu Wang, and Rajah Rasiah. "Research on the Influence of Tax Incentives and Financing Constraints on NEEQ Enterprises’ Innovation." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (2023): 2608. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032608.

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This paper adopts the two-way fixed effect model to analyze the listed enterprises on the New Third Board (NEEQ) from 2014 to 2021. In the process of analysis, to ensure the rationality of the regression results, the missing core data and related data of financial enterprises are excluded. Through empirical analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: (1) Tax incentives can promote enterprise innovation. (2) Internal and external financing constraints inhibit enterprise innovation. (3) Internal and external financing constraints play an intermediary role in tax incentives and enterpri

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Bleiberg, Joshua, and Erica Harbatkin. "Teacher Evaluation Reform: A Convergence of Federal and Local Forces." Educational Policy 34, no. 6 (2018): 918–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0895904818802105.

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This article employs event history analysis to explore the factors that were associated with the rapid uptake of teacher evaluation reform. We investigate three hypotheses for this rapid adoption: (a) downward diffusion from the federal government through Race to the Top (RTTT), (b) upward diffusion from large school district policies, and (c) the influence of intermediary organizations. Although RTTT clearly played a role in state adoption, our analysis suggests that having a large district implement teacher evaluation reform is the most consistent predictor of state adoption. Intermediary or

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Shuvalova, I. A. "Employment Through Intermediary Agencies During the Spread of Coronavirus Infection: Legal Aspects." Voprosy trudovogo prava (Labor law issues), no. 9 (September 21, 2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pol-2-2009-05.

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The article deals with intermediary employment agencies. The stages of employment are analyzed with the help of the state employment service and private employment agencies. Some problems are identified in the transition to remote provision of services by intermediary agencies and in terms of payment of unemployment benefits during the spread of coronavirus infection on the territory of the Russian Federation. Some ways to solve them are suggested.

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9

Fiamoncini, Jarlei, Rui Curi, and Hannelore Daniel. "Metabolism of bile acids in the post-prandial state." Essays in Biochemistry 60, no. 5 (2016): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20160052.

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The modulation of energy expenditure by dietary administration of cholic acid in mice promoted interest in studying bile acid(s) (BA) as adjuvants in the treatment of metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Bile acids can modulate intermediary metabolism by acting directly on nuclear as well as G-protein-coupled receptors or indirectly through changes in gut microbiota. Despite the potential of BA to affect intermediary metabolism, plasma kinetics and changes in individual BA in blood in the post-prandial state have been neglected for a long time. Minutes after ingestion of a meal (or

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10

Fong, Brian C. H. "State-Society Conflicts under Hong Kong's Hybrid Regime." Asian Survey 53, no. 5 (2013): 854–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2013.53.5.854.

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Similar to its colonial predecessor, the post-colonial Hong Kong state relies on its business allies to mediate state-society relations. Nevertheless, because of the erosion of the intermediary role of business elites, the state-business alliance now struggles to accommodate the rising challenges of civil society. The case of Hong Kong offers an interesting case study to the literature on hybrid regimes.

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11

Farid, May, and Hui Li. "International NGOs as intermediaries in China's ‘going out’ strategy." International Affairs 97, no. 6 (2021): 1945–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiab183.

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Abstract China's ascendancy as a global development actor has significant implications for geostrategic dynamics and international development. While the push to ‘go out’ has been seen as a major strategy of the Chinese state, the actors are increasingly diversifying, including Chinese state agencies, businesses and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). We analyse the inconspicuous but important involvement of international NGOs (INGOs) in China's globalizing strategy. Drawing on in-depth interviews, we develop an integrated framework for INGOs as intermediaries in China's ‘going out’ strateg

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Karlén, Niklas, and Vladimir Rauta. "Dealers and Brokers in Civil Wars: Why States Delegate Rebel Support to Conduit Countries." International Security 47, no. 4 (2023): 107–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec_a_00461.

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Abstract External state support to non-state armed groups is commonly seen as a direct relationship between a state sponsor and a rebel group. But powerful states often use third-party states as conduits of military aid. These intermediary states are secondary, subordinate principals that are part of extended chains of “dual delegation.” Because intermediaries are likely to have their own separate agendas, powerful states often face a double principal-agent problem when providing material support to rebel groups. The difficulties and problems associated with controlling the agent are reflected

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Bekink, Mildred. "Kerkhoff v Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development 2011 2 SACR 109 (GNP): Intermediary Appointment Reports and a Child's Right to Privacy Versus the Right of an Accused to Access to Information." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 20 (January 3, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2017/v20i0a1035.

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General consensus exists that the adversarial nature of the South African criminal procedure with its often aggressive cross-examination of a witness, sometimes by an accused himself, will in most cases expose a child to undue mental stress or suffering when having to testify in court. In confirmation of this fact and with a notion to shield child witnesses from the stress or suffering when having to testify in the presence of an accused the function of an intermediary was introduced with the insertion of section 170A into the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1977. In terms of section 170A(1) a co

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Sonday, Shaik Mahmood, and Anthony Wilson-Prangley. "Intermediary Capabilities in the Context of Challenging State Dynamics." Journal of Business Ethics 152, no. 3 (2016): 667–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3319-z.

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15

Shpanagel, Fyodor F., Natalia V. Makarova, and Fyodor F. Perevalov. "Problems of Public Regulation of Mediation Activity in the Field of Immovable Property Turnover." Теория и практика общественного развития, no. 8 (August 30, 2023): 234–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24158/tipor.2023.8.30.

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In modern conditions, the acuteness of the problems of legal regulation of real estate development activities and immovable property turnover is significantly increasing due to the unprecedented number of judicial (but not legal), economic, and other sanctions imposed on our country, repeated attempts of its political and eco-nomic isolation, as well as the increased legal and economic uncertainty for the participants of economic rela-tions in connection with the Special Military Operation conducted by the Russian state and its consequences for the Russian Federation. The attempt to substantia

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16

Jonas, Michael. "Intermediary Bodies in International Politics: Conceptual and Historical Observations on Northern Europe’s Small States in the International System in the 19th and 20th Centuries." Diplomatica 5, no. 2 (2023): 204–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25891774-bja10108.

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Abstract The article addresses central problems in the field of small state studies. By revisiting Paul W. Schroeder’s often neglected term “intermediary bodies” in the international system, it attempts to provide a broader conceptual alternative to established categories of description and definition such as “smallness” and “weakness.” In Schroeder’s understanding, intermediary bodies affect the international system beyond functioning as mere buffers. Ultimately, intermediaries influence procedures and outcomes substantially and transcend international politics to another level beyond mere (g

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17

Shi, Xiaofei, Xuefen Cao, Yangshi Hou, and Wenxin Xu. "Mixed Ownership Reform and Environmental Sustainable Development—Based on the Perspective of Carbon Performance." Sustainability 15, no. 12 (2023): 9809. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15129809.

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Mixed ownership reform has contributed greatly to China’s economic development; however, there is little literature on how mixed ownership reform affects carbon performance in the context of environmentally sustainable development. Therefore, this paper takes A-share industrial state-owned enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2008 to 2020 as research samples to investigate the impact of mixed ownership reform on carbon performance through empirical tests. The results show that the mixed ownership reform of state-owned enterprises can improve the carbon performance of enterprises. The inte

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18

ROCKMAN, BERT A. "Minding the State — or a State of Mind?" Comparative Political Studies 23, no. 1 (1990): 25–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414090023001002.

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In political theory the state has been enjoying a conceptual rebirth even while some of its activities have been receding. The state, however, remains conceptually ambiguous and is thus molded into many different conceptual forms. Three of those forms are discussed in this article: the decision-making state, the production state, and the intermediary state. The first relates to the organization and architecture of decisional authority; the second to the public and distributive goods supplied by the state; and the third to the interconnections between state organization and the organizations of

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19

Popescu, Felix-Angel. "LEGAL REGULATIONS REGARDING THE IMPACT EVALUATION METHODOLOGY OF STRUCTURAL AND COHESION FUNDS." Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 13, no. 2 (2020): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v13i2.3804.

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Establishing a legislative framework for addressing an appropriate methodology for assessing the impact of Structural and Cohesion funds, in all 3 evaluation phases (ex-ante, intermediate and ex-post), is necessary both for users of these funds (the resort ministry, the intermediary bodies, the final beneficiaries – from an EU Member State) as well as for researchers on this topic. The stage of the knowledge in the field of the impact of these funds on each EU Member State economy narrows when the effects of the implementation of projects at regional, county and urban - rural level are discuss

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20

P, Anjali K., and Usha A. A. "PERCEPTION ANALYSIS OF THE NON-BANKING SERVICE INDUSTRY AS A FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARY IN KERALA: UNDERSTANDING CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND SERVICE QUALITY." Indian Journal of Accounting 55, no. 2 (2024): 174–88. https://doi.org/10.63637/ija.v55i2.174-188.

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Kerala is a state with decades of tradition of financial intermediaries either organized or unorganized. The first registered NBFC in Kerala started its business in 2007. This paper aims to examine the perception of services availed by customers of NBFCs (Non-Banking Financial Companies) in Kerala. Primary data are collected using a personal interview method, directly from customers selected using stratified random sampling and convenience sampling methods from three districts of Kerala. Correlation and multiple regression analysis are used to analyze the result. The results imply significance

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21

De Silva, Nicole. "Intermediary Complexity in Regulatory Governance." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 670, no. 1 (2017): 170–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716217696085.

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While regulatory governance can be theorized as a three-party game in which regulators use intermediaries to influence targets, I show how regulatory intermediaries can, through delegation and orchestration, engage their own “subintermediaries” to increase their capacity for fulfilling their regulatory mandates and their influence on regulators and targets. I elucidate how the International Criminal Court (ICC)—the key intermediary in the regulatory regime for international crimes—has used nongovernmental organizations’ (NGOs’) advocacy, expertise, and operational capacities to compensate for

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22

Carlin, Bruce Ian, and Simon Gervais. "Legal Protection in Retail Financial Markets." Review of Corporate Finance Studies 1, no. 1 (2012): 68–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rcfs/cfs003.

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We model a retail financial institution that outsources its advice services to an intermediary, making the two parties jointly responsible for consumers' experience with the products. In this context, courts that enforce state-contingent legal rules are necessary in order to avoid market breakdowns. To maximize social welfare, the government implements a system of penalties that depends on product characteristics and on the firm's relative ability to control quality. This legal system emphasizes reliable advice over transaction pace. Furthermore, the implicit team structure of the firm and its

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23

KOVALENKO, Albina, Kseniia KOVTUNENKO, and Yuliia PRODIUS. "Trends of innovative development of intermediary activities of consulting services." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 4/3 (April 30, 2020): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.4(3).7.

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Introduction. The international practice of mediation confirms the effectiveness of consulting services in solving problems of formation and development of innovative infrastructure in the economy of developed countries. Many research studies.An analysis and implementation of innovative trends requires constant th improvement and helps provide better services. The purpose of this paper is to formulate the main tendencies of innovative development of the intermediary activity of consulting services. Results. The popularity of consulting in Ukraine has been progressively relative to developed co

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Drozd, O. Yu, and V. Yu Oksin. "State regulation of intermediary activities in the field of employment." Juris Europensis Scientia, no. 1 (2023): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/chern.v1.2023.9.

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25

Kleiner, G., R. Kachalov, and E. Sushko. "Economic State and Institutional Environment of Russian Industrial Enterprises: The Empirical Analysis of Interrelations." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 9 (September 20, 2005): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2005-9-67-86.

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The paper presents the analysis of the data received from the survey of heads of industrial enterprises and also experts-researchers in 2003-2004. The data describe the economic state of enterprises and their position in competitive, administrative, intermediary, financial etc. environment. The assumption of essential heterogeneity of the set of industrial enterprises, including enterprises of the same sector or the same territorial formation is confirmed. It is shown that Russian industrial enterprises as a rule do not feel influence of the stock market situation while the condition of the cu

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26

Kaushik, Devansh. "Deciphering Encryption Rights in India: The Road Ahead." Global Privacy Law Review 2, Issue 3 (2021): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gplr2021025.

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Encryption enhances privacy and cybersecurity and contributes to the growth of the digital economy. India is the second largest online market in the world and yet still lacks a comprehensive data protection law and a conductive regulatory approach towards encryption. Recent developments, particularly the 2021 Intermediary Guidelines, indicate the state adopting an approach aiming to restrict use of encryption, providing wide leeway for surveillance and introduce traceability. The ‘Right to Privacy’ was first formulated in India in 2017, in the landmark Puttaswamy judgment by the Supreme Court.

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Tegos, Spyridon. "Machiavelli and Tocqueville on War and Armies." Conatus 8, no. 2 (2023): 681–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/cjp.35715.

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In the Democracy in America’s chapters on war and armies in the transition from the aristocratic to the democratic social state (état social), Tocqueville briefly draws on Machiavelli regarding the conquest of a country with or without intermediary powers between political leadership and the people by which he primarily understands the existence of local nobilities. In this reference, Tocqueville is quick to express skepticism about the overstated importance of Machiavelli in the history of political philosophy. In different places of his work though a more mitigated stance is documented. A co

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Schroeder, Paul W. "Making a Necessity of Virtue: The Smaller State as Intermediary Body." Austrian History Yearbook 29, no. 1 (1998): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237800014776.

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This essay begins in a way that may seem self-indulgent and selfserving, but one that I hope readers will see as actually selfexamination and self-criticism, and more important, as a useful way to introduce a topic and idea whose meaning is not obvious from the title. For years I have been arguing that more attention should be paid to smaller states in international history, in particular not just their role in power politics and the so-called balance of power, but their roles and functions as intermediary bodies (a term defined later), as well. In three articles in historical and political sc

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29

Li, Zhuwei, Hanwen Liu, and Yu Jiang. "Equity incentive, separation of two rights and corporate performance: research on corporate governance based on two types of agency costs." Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research 16, no. 2 (2023): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.55217/102.v16i2.659.

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This paper discusses the impact of equity incentive and the separation of two rights on corporate performance and the intermediary role of two kinds of agency costs by using the revised stepwise method taking A-share listed companies as the research object and using the Jones model to remove the impact of earnings management on corporate performance. The classification of industry and nature is introduced to further judge the heterogeneity of the conclusions. The results show that equity incentive can significantly reduce the first kind of agency cost and improve corporate performance, but the

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30

Blokhin, Andrey A. "Global crisis as a crisis of economic dominance." Market economy problems, no. 1 (2023): 32–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2023-1-32-47.

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Based on the theory of economic dominance in a multi-level economy developed by the author and his colleagues and published in earlier works, the article provides an explanation of the processes taking place both in the global and Russian economies. It is argued that institutional transformations in the economy, as a rule, occur in the direction of increasing the opportunities for businesses to receive institutional rents, which arise under better than other institutional conditions of activity. This leads to a qualitative and quantitative stratification of business by levels, called in this t

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31

Yang, Chen, Siti Salmi Jamali, and Adzira Husain. "Bibliometric Analysis of a Comprehensive of Culture and Symbol in Character Animation during (2004–2024)." Journal of Ecohumanism 3, no. 3 (2024): 1427–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i3.3821.

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The analysis of academic research on animated characters in the animation industry effectively summarises the current state of scholarly research on animated characters through a variety of software tools such as CiteSpace, VOS viewer, HistCite, and Bibliometrix analysis, and visually charts and formulates this data. Through study and research, it that the United States is (278) the most prolific country, and the United States has the highest intermediary centrality, as well as the most Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and PEOPLES R CHINA are the most cited organizations and

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Yang, Chen, Siti Salmi Jamali, and Adzira Husain. "Bibliometric Analysis of a Comprehensive of Culture and Symbol in Character Animation during (2004–2024)." Journal of Ecohumanism 3, no. 3 (2024): 1427–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i3.3595.

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The analysis of academic research on animated characters in the animation industry effectively summarises the current state of scholarly research on animated characters through a variety of software tools such as CiteSpace, VOS viewer, HistCite, and Bibliometrix analysis, and visually charts and formulates this data. Through study and research, it that the United States is (278) the most prolific country, and the United States has the highest intermediary centrality, as well as the most Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and PEOPLES R CHINA are the most cited organizations and

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33

Barkan, Joel D., Michael L. McNulty, and M. A. O. Ayeni. "‘Hometown’ Voluntary Associations, Local Development, and the Emergence of Civil Society in Western Nigeria." Journal of Modern African Studies 29, no. 3 (1991): 457–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00000604.

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At a time when most African countries are characterised as ‘strong societies and weak states’, the tendency to afford the state ‘ontological primacy’ in explaining the nature of African political economy is being challenged. One manifestation of this has been a shift in scholarly attention to those intermediary and autonomous organisations which function and sometimes flourish in the space that exists between the state and the household – namely, the various groups which comprise ‘civil society’.

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34

Gulyamov, Said, Otabek Narziev, Sadoqat Safoeva, and Jahongir Juraev. "State Role And Securities Market Development In Uzbekistan." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 03, no. 06 (2021): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume03issue06-04.

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In the Uzbekistan capital market, the state has a significant role as regulator and principal shareholder. The state actively participates in the capital market through its SOEs and banks that issue, own, manage various securities, and render intermediary services in the financial market. As well as the state sets rules to regulate market relations through authorized bodies that are also responsible for the fairness of dispute resolution. Consequently, a high level of direct and indirect state participation in securities market relations suggests the prevalence of general administrative princi

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GANG, HAN. "A Study of Spirit of Zhejiang Entrepreneurs, Enterprise Innovation and Enterprise Growth in China." International Journal of Science and Business 23, no. 1 (2023): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.58970/ijsb.2135.

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The purpose of this paper is to take Zhejiang entrepreneurs as the object, constructs a research model of “entrepreneurship-enterprise innovation-enterprise growth”, collects sample data by questionnaire survey, and makes an empirical analysis to explore the influence of the Spirit of Zhejiang Entrepreneurs on enterprise growth and the intermediary effect of enterprise innovation between them. Based on the quantitative research design, the main findings and conclusions of this paper are as follows: First, each dimension of the Spirit of Zhejiang Entrepreneurs has a direct role in promoting the

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36

Burghof,, Hans-Peter, and Carola Müller. "The State as a Financial Intermediary to Foster Long-Term Investments." Applied Economics Quarterly 62, no. 3 (2016): 205–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/aeq.62.3.205.

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37

Liu, Tianyuan. "A study on the impact of supply chain finance on the innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises - mediated by the intermediary effect of financing constraints." Transactions on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research 9 (July 8, 2024): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.62051/g5hf6a23.

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Based on a detailed analysis of viewpoints proposed in relevant literature both domestically and internationally, this paper empirically investigates the impact of supply chain finance on the innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), utilizing financial data from listed companies on China's SME board from 2012 to 2022. Additionally, it explores whether the alleviation of financing constraints plays an intermediary effect in this pathway. The findings reveal that: (1) The development of supply chain finance can enhance the innovation capability of SMEs, and its significance level

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Barkan, Joel D., Michael L. McNulty, and M. A. O. Ayeni. "‘Hometown’ Voluntary Associations, Local Development, and the Emergence of Civil Society in Western Nigeria." Journal of Modern African Studies 29, no. 3 (1991): 457–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00003566.

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At a time when most African countries are characterised as ‘strong societies and weak states’,1the tendency to afford the state ‘ontological primacy’ in explaining the nature of African political economy is being challenged. One manifestation of this has been a shift in scholarly attention to those intermediary and autonomous organisations which function and sometimes flourish in the space that exists between the state and the household – namely, the various groups which comprise ‘civil society’.2

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39

Subramaniam, Mangala, Manjusha Gupte, and Debarashmi Mitra. "Local To Global: Transnational Networks And Indian Women's Grassroots Organizing." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 8, no. 3 (2003): 335–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.8.3.r7h76667503436w0.

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By focusing on grassroots groups of the Indian women's movement, we suggest that localglobal linkages often involve several intermediary levels—specifically levels below the nationstate. Grassroots organizing in India illustrates how a variety of intermediary networks are complexly intertwined within the nation state and beyond. Grassroots groups are localized, rural- or urban-based, and can be informal (such as in Bada Bhilwara and the case of MSK) or formal in character (such as Sanlaap). These groups actively build lateral and vertical networks. Austerity and structural adjustment programs

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Wang, Cong, De-li Yang, and Zhao Wang. "Comparison of Dual-Channel Supply Chain Structures: E-Commerce Platform as Different Roles." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3831624.

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E-commerce platforms can act as an e-tailer or a third-party intermediary that charge a commission and allow manufacturers to sell products on their platform directly. These two forms of dual-channel supply chain structures have different impacts on decisions and profits of manufacturers and traditional retailers. This paper establishes different Stackelberg game models for both dual-channel supply chain structures and achieves the equilibrium results. The results state that both structures can increase the consumer surplus and social welfare. More importantly, when the platform acts as an e-t

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Xu, Bowen. "Research on the Role Mechanism and Optimisation Strategies of Science and Technology Intermediaries in Enabling the High Quality Development of New Productive Force." Scientific Journal Of Humanities and Social Sciences 7, no. 6 (2025): 164–71. https://doi.org/10.54691/ghw75r05.

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Science and technology intermediary institutions, as a bridge connecting science and technology innovation and industrial application, play an important role in promoting the development of new productive force. Based on the theoretical framework of S&T intermediary service model innovation and effectiveness enhancement, we analyse the operation mode and practical effectiveness of Internet+ agency K and state-owned enterprise agency Z. The results show that S&T intermediaries can effectively promote the breeding and expansion of new productivity by building an open and collaborative in

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Kotvanov, Mikhail Viktorovich. "THE ROLE OF DIGITAL PLATFORMS IN THE PROCESS OF MARKET TRANSFORMATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES." Scientific Review: Theory and Practice 14, no. 12 (2024): 2201–17. https://doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2024-14-12-2201-2217.

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The subject of the work is the main functional roles implemented by digital platforms in the economic system. The article describes the main functions of electronic platforms, such as an independent market, an intermediary, a barrier to alternative markets, and an independent agent. The situation on the largest marketplaces in Russia is analyzed in detail, and key indicators of the level of competition development are determined. In general, the level of competition within digital platforms is extremely high, which is estimated using the Hirfendahl-Hirschman indicator. Based on the study of in

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CINTRA, CARLOS EDUARDO DOMINGOS, HÉLDER LÚCIO RODRIGUES SILVA, NELSON JORGE DA SILVA JR., PAULO CHRISTIANO DE ANCHIETTA GARCIA, and HUSSAM ZAHER. "A new species of Trachycephalus (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) from the State of Goiás, Brazil." Zootaxa 1975, no. 1 (2009): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1975.1.2.

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A new species of Trachycephalus is described for the Cerrado biome of Goiás, Brazil. Trachycephalus mambaiensis sp. nov. is distinguished from the other ten species of the genus by the skin co-ossified with the skull, heavy cranial ossification, frontoparietal that fails to articulate with squamosal, absence of a crista occipitalis and secreting glands of milky and viscous substances. The skull of the new species shows an intermediary condition between species of Trachycephalus with a well ossified skull (Casque-headed frogs) and those without cranial ossification.

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Arisov, I. "Bribality as a corruption crime and measures of counteraction." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 12 (December 14, 2017): 436–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1116447.

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In this article, the specifics of bribery qualification are examined, special attention is paid to the ways of bribery and countering bribery at the legislative level. In practice, the problem also lies in the fact that sometimes the object of a bribe - money (in most cases) - does not reach the official, and the crime is stopped at the stage of its receipt by the intermediary. In conclusion, the author comes to the conclusion that, in spite of the fact that at present the legislative base in the field of combating corruption has been formed in the Russian Federation, appropriate legislative,

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WAKANA, Chiho. "Actual State and Role of Intermediary in Iwate Prefecture and Akita Prefecture." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 36, no. 4 (2018): 512–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.36.512.

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Lehman, Howard P. "The politics of adjustment in Kenya and Zimbabwe: The state as intermediary." Studies In Comparative International Development 25, no. 3 (1990): 37–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02687179.

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Burton, Alan, Huw Dylan, and Jago Morrison. "Between the secret state and the public sphere: the writer as intermediary." Intelligence and National Security 39, no. 2 (2024): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02684527.2023.2292388.

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Gestrin, Tryggve, and Märtha Norrback. "Aurore Karamzin as Intermediary between Russia and Finland." Journal of Finnish Studies 25, no. 2 (2022): 154–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/28315081.25.2.02.

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Abstract The relationship between the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland and the Russian Empire, despite being formalized in bureaucratic structures, depended to a significant extent on informal personal relations. A case in point is the history of the children of Carl Johan Stjernvall: his three daughters married foreign noblemen. The eldest, Aurore, married first the scion of the Demidov family, Paul Nikolayevich Demidov, and second, Andrey Nikolayevich Karamzin, son of the state historian of Russia. Aurore's brother Emil Stjernvall-Walleen became the second highest-ranking civil servant in F

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Gomes, Jucimara Canto, and Zeina Thomé Rebouças Thomé. "Virtual learning environments as mediators in continuing education in the state of Amazonas." Concilium 23, no. 4 (2023): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-970-23c10.

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The text presents the results of the research that analyzed with the Actor-Network Theory (TAR) the connections and controversies of the use of Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) within the Amazonas State Public Education Network. With predominantly qualitative characteristics, it had in the theoretical-methodological guidelines present in TAR and in the principles of the cartographic method in Deleuze and Guattari (1995; 2000) and clues to follow the actants understood the human and non-human actors in their networks of associations. With TAR, we followed the initial controversy and its unf

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Pompili, M., S. L. N. Hermans, S. Baier, et al. "Realization of a multinode quantum network of remote solid-state qubits." Science 372, no. 6539 (2021): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abg1919.

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The distribution of entangled states across the nodes of a future quantum internet will unlock fundamentally new technologies. Here, we report on the realization of a three-node entanglement-based quantum network. We combine remote quantum nodes based on diamond communication qubits into a scalable phase-stabilized architecture, supplemented with a robust memory qubit and local quantum logic. In addition, we achieve real-time communication and feed-forward gate operations across the network. We demonstrate two quantum network protocols without postselection: the distribution of genuine multipa

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