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Journal articles on the topic 'State investment aid'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Mottola, Milena. "Development Aid Institutions in International Investment Law: towards a Holistic Approach to Development Financing Flows." Journal of World Investment & Trade 25, no. 1 (2024): 19–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22119000-12340317.

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Abstract Many investment arbitrations have arisen out of investments financed through aid resources. Yet, the legal framework governing aid disbursements remains mostly unexplored in investment awards and in the literature on international investment law. This article is an initial attempt at identifying the interactions between these two legal orders. It finds that 1) multilateral and bilateral aid institutions are not perfect third parties to the investor-State relationship; rather, they influence the content of investment contracts, supervise contract implementation and have a role to play

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2

Fabuš, Michal, and Marek Csabay. "State aid and investment: case of Slovakia." Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues 6, no. 2 (2018): 480–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2018.6.2(1).

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3

Lopez, Rodriguez Ana Mercedes. "The Sun Behind the Clouds? Enforcement of Renewable Energy Awards in the EU." Transnational Environmental Law 8, no. 2 (2019): 279–302. https://doi.org/10.1017/S204710251900013X.

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A number of European Union (EU) countries have undertaken thorough reforms in the renewable energy sector over the past years. The regulatory changes have triggered a wave of claims from low-carbon investors asserting that the reforms have diminished or exhausted the economic viability of their investments. Unlike local investors, who typically take legal action before domestic courts, foreign investors have filed arbitration claims in accordance with the Energy Charter Treaty, notably against Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, and the Czech Republic, resulting in several awards of damages. However, rece

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4

Hvolkova, Lenka, and Ladislav Klement. "Management of Innovation Development in the Slovak Republic: Critical Evaluation of the Investment Aid System." Marketing and Management of Innovations, no. 1 (2020): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2020.1-02.

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Since 2002, the Slovak government have been using the system of investment aid for enterprises. However, the economy of the Slovak Republic characterized by differences among regions. Therefore, in March 2018, the Slovak government modified the system of investment aid to mitigate the differences among the regions. The main aim of the paper is to examine whether investment aid in Slovakia has served its purpose and was channelled to disadvantaged Slovak areas. The objects of the research are particular investment projects supported by the state investment aid in the observed period. The subjec

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5

Urban‑Kozłowska, Jadwiga. "Ochrona środowiska jako cel uzasadniający pomoc inwestycyjną na rzecz portów lotniczych." Rocznik Administracji Publicznej 9 (September 29, 2023): 331–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/24497800rap.23.019.18315.

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The goal of this paper is to determine whether and under what circumstances environmental protection can be considered as an objective of common interest justifying investment aid to airports. It begins by presenting the principles for examining the compatibility of investment aid to airports with EU law. In this context, the main focus will be on a comparative analysis of the two guidelines issued by the European Commission on eligibility conditions for such aid. It then outlines the development of the concept of environmental protection in the EU legal order. It also discusses the most impor

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Ortino, Federico, and Karl P. Sauvant. "Extending International Legal Aid from Trade to Investment: An Advisory Centre on International Investment Law." Global Trade and Customs Journal 16, Issue 10 (2021): 548–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2021066.

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Several mechanisms at the international level provide legal aid to lower-income States to strengthen ‘access to justice’ and ‘equality among States’, whether through direct financial support or institutional legal assistance. After reviewing the concept of international legal aid, this article makes the case for the creation of an Advisory Centre on International Investment Law (ACIIL) to provide support to respondent States involved in disputes brought by private investors based on international investment treaties and other instruments, as part of investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS). Th

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7

Bungenberg, Marc. "Small tensions: EU state aid and international investment law." Zeitschrift für europarechtliche Studien 21, no. 4 (2018): 499–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1435-439x-2018-4-499.

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8

Vermeulen, Hein. "Fiscal State Aid and Real Estate." EC Tax Review 20, Issue 3 (2011): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ecta2011017.

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State aid is an issue that does not immediately come to mind on the topic of real estate collective investment vehicles (CIVs). Nevertheless the question of state aid plays an important role. Last year, the European Commission charged with the monitoring of state aid has taken an important decision on this matter. The Finland government had asked the European Commission for a judgment on a fiscal regime for Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) to be implemented by Finland. In this paper, I will focus on this decision and the effect it may have on the Dutch fiscal regimes for real estate CIVs.

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9

López-Rodríguez, Ana Mercedes. "The Sun Behind the Clouds? Enforcement of Renewable Energy Awards in the EU." Transnational Environmental Law 8, no. 02 (2019): 279–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s204710251900013x.

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AbstractA number of European Union (EU) countries have undertaken thorough reforms in the renewable energy sector over the past years. The regulatory changes have triggered a wave of claims from low-carbon investors asserting that the reforms have diminished or exhausted the economic viability of their investments. Unlike local investors, who typically take legal action before domestic courts, foreign investors have filed arbitration claims in accordance with the Energy Charter Treaty, notably against Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, and the Czech Republic, resulting in several awards of damages. Howev

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10

van Hees, S. "Investment State Aid for Ocean Energy Projects in the EU:." European State Aid Law Quarterly 17, no. 2 (2018): 222–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/estal/2018/2/7.

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11

Nicolaides, P. "Incentive Effect: Is State Aid Necessary when Investment Is Unnecessary?" European State Aid Law Quarterly 7, no. 2 (2008): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/estal/2008/2/121.

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12

Petreski, Marjan. "State Aid Causing Distinct Incentives? Quasi-Experimental Measurement of the Effects of Grants on Private Enterprises in North Macedonia." Evaluation Review 46, no. 2 (2022): 200–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193841x221081663.

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The objective of this study is to measure the effects of state aid distributed to private enterprises in North Macedonia on the enterprises’ efficiency. We examine the governmental Plan for Economic Growth (PEG) pursued through the Financial Support of Investment Law (FSIL) and the Fund for Innovation and Technological Development (FITD). We rely on a rigorous impact evaluation method, whereby comparison groups are sourced from the pool of rejected applicants for the two programs. We pursue conditional matching on firms’ observables and then apply the difference-in-differences method to isolat

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13

Golec, Ewa, Marta Grzeszczuk, Natalia Rak, Jadwiga Lizak, and Mariusz Kowalczuk. "Legal and administrative elements of the construction of tax exemptions and allowances in the context of granting public support." Journal of Modern Science 57, no. 3 (2024): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.13166/jms/189559.

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Among the forms of public assistance of a passive nature are tax concessions and exemptions. A given form of aid can be of liquidity support, rescue and restructuring and pro-development nature for the enterprise. This form of assistance is reflected in the reduction of revenues to the state and local government budgets. Tax credits, used as investment incentives for entrepreneurs, can affect the growth of production, and in the case of new investments, the creation of new jobs or the retention of existing ones. The article presents the provisions of the tax law on real estate tax in correlati

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14

Thomas, Kenneth P. "EU Control of State Aid to Mobile Investment in Comparative Perspective." Journal of European Integration 34, no. 6 (2012): 567–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07036337.2012.707361.

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15

Tsiabus, Alesia, and Guillaume Croisant. "Investment Arbitration and EU (Competition) Law – Lessons Learned from the Micula Saga." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review Online 5, no. 1 (2020): 330–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689017_014.

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On 19 February 2020, in the latest episode to date of the long-running Micula saga, the United Kingdom (UK) Supreme Court gave its green light to the enforcement in the (UK) of the award obtained by the Micula brothers against Romania (Award) under the 2002 Sweden-Romania bilateral investment treaty (BIT), despite the fact that the question of whether this Award constitutes state aid prohibited under EU law was pending before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The Supreme Court ruled that the UK enforcement obligations under the ICSID Convention could not be affected by the EU

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Tsiabus, Alesia, and Guillaume Croisant. "Investment Arbitration and EU (Competition) Law – Lessons Learned from the Micula Saga." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review 5, Issue 1 (2020): 330–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eila2020014.

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On 19 February 2020, in the latest episode to date of the long-running Micula saga, the United Kingdom (UK) Supreme Court gave its green light to the enforcement in the (UK) of the award obtained by the Micula brothers against Romania (Award) under the 2002 Sweden-Romania Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT), despite the fact that the question of whether this Award constitutes state aid prohibited under EU law was pending before the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). The Supreme Court ruled that the UK enforcement obligations under the ICSID Convention could not be affected by the EU

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17

Okore, Okore Amah, and Anthony Odinakachukwu Nwadiubu. "Foreign Aid, Domestic Savings and Investment: Implications for Nigeria." JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 8, no. 5 (2022): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/jafm.v8.no5.2022.pg45.53.

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The study examined the implications of foreign aid on domestic savings and investments in Nigeria. The scope of the study covered a period from 1987 to 2019. The hypotheses were tested using the E-view statistical software adopting the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method on the regression models adopted. The signs and significance of the regression coefficients and the probability were relied upon in explaining the nature and influence of the independent variable on the dependent variable as to determine both magnitude and direction of impact. In the analysis we relied on the following statisti

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18

Kociubiński, Jakub. "Construction of Central Communication Airport from the perspective of subsidy law." Transportation Overview - Przeglad Komunikacyjny 2018, no. 5 (2018): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35117/a_eng_18_05_08.

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Central Communication Airport is a project that raises discussions – political, economic and legal. Without going into assessment whether this project has its merits and staying within the field of legal analysis the issue of State aid is of primary importance. This paper presents mentioned investment project from the State aid law perspective. Following problems are analyzed: When a public intervention could be regarded as State aid; when financing of the project could be extended; what are compatibility criteria for State aid and what are legal risk factors associated with subsidization.

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19

Elexa, Ľuboš, Lenka Hvolková, Ladislav Klement, Vladimíra Klementová, and Radoslav Kožiak. "Investment aid as a growth and performance factor." Acta Aerarii Publici 21, no. 2 (2024): 14–29. https://doi.org/10.24040/aap.2024.21.2.14-29.

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Evaluation of state support, its fairness and eligibility of criteria are quite common topics frequently investigated and discussed. Slovakia and similar after-transition countries use more or less direct aid to businesses in order to attract the attention of foreign investors or to support domestic ones. Following study focuses on effects of such aid in Slovakia, uses median values of financial indicators for description of the sample of supported businesses, indexes for analysis of dynamics in results and sources and Pearson’s correlation coefficients for expressing common relations between

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20

Pérez-Bernabeu, Begoña. "Article: State Aid Through Arbitration Awards: EU Law as a Ground for Non-enforcement." Intertax 51, Issue 3 (2023): 219–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2023006.

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The relationship between international investment law (IIL) and EU law is not without problems as evidenced by the Achmea ruling. These tensions have become more evident in the Micula case in which the commission resorted to the state aid rules in order to attack arbitration awards arising from intra-EU Bilateral investment treaties (BITs) (deeming its enforcement as state aid). Despite its two rulings relating to the Micula saga, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has not yet validated (or not) the application of state aid rules to the enforcement of intra-EU awards. Hopefully,

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21

Oleksii, O. Kulakov. "International investment activity in the context of foreign relations." Economic journal Odessa polytechnic university 1, no. 15 (2021): 39–45. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4885152.

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Taking into account the processes of regulation of international investment activity, the article analyzes the stimulation of investment development processes in order to realize the active role of public authorities in the implementation of the system of long-term investment in the economy. Moreover, research investigates that it is necessary to regulate international investment activity using economic, administrative and legal methods, as well as instruments of motivation and constraints to influence the country’s economy. On the other hand, article researches the main mechanisms that

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22

Danko, Yuriy, Natalia Lagodiienko, and Natalya Turlenko. "Investment mechanism for sustainable development of agricultural production." Actual problems of innovative economy, no. 2020/1 (January 30, 2020): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2524-0455-2020-1-9.

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Introduction. The lack of investment is one of the most essential problems, which slows down the progressive devel-opment of domestic agricultural production, reduces its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets, causes unjusti-fiably low share of the added value and raw materials of foreign trade in agri-food products. Finally, without sufficient investment, Ukrainian agricultural production is unable to enter the stage of sustainable development. However, the accu-mulation of destructive environmental and social factors, provided the use of traditional industrial technologies, may

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23

de Germiny, Lorraine, Nhu-Hoang Tran Thang, and Duong Ba Trinh. "The EU-Vietnam Investment Protection Agreement Investor-State Dispute Settlement Mechanism in Perspective." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review Online 4, no. 1 (2019): 124–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24689017_00401006.

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The EU-Vietnam Investment Protection Agreement (EVIPA) represented the culmination of three years of negotiations between the EU and Vietnam. Although it remainsto be ratified, it promises to have an impact on the international investment treaty landscape. The treaty contains innovations ranging from its definition of the substantive protections afforded to foreign investors to its definition of ‘investments’ and ‘investors’ that may qualify for those protections, as well as the procedural modalities for the treatment of possible disputes. Its most distinctive trait, however, is its establishm

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de Germiny, Lorraine, Nhu-Hoang Tran Thang, and Duong Ba Trinh. "The EU-Vietnam Investment Protection Agreement Investor-State Dispute Settlement Mechanism in Perspective." European Investment Law and Arbitration Review 4, Issue 1 (2019): 124–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eila2019006.

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The EU-Vietnam Investment Protection Agreement (EVIPA) represented the culmination of three years of negotiations between the EU and Vietnam. Although it remains to be ratified, it promises to have an impact on the international investment treaty landscape. The treaty contains innovations ranging from its definition of the substantive protections afforded to foreign investors to its definition of ‘investments’ and ‘investors’ that may qualify for those protections, as well as the procedural modalities for the treatment of possible disputes. Its most distinctive trait, however, is its establish

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25

Kollmann, Robert, Werner Roeger, and Jan in't Veld. "Fiscal Policy in a Financial Crisis: Standard Policy versus Bank Rescue Measures." American Economic Review 102, no. 3 (2012): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.77.

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A key dimension of fiscal policy during the financial crisis was massive government support for the banking system. The macroeconomic effects of that support have, so far, received little attention in the literature. This paper fills this gap, using a quantitative dynamic model with a banking sector. Our results suggest that state aid for banks may have a strong positive effect on real activity. Bank state aid multipliers are in the same range as conventional fiscal spending multipliers. Support for banks has a positive effect on investment, while a rise in government purchases crowds out inve

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Radchenko, Lyudmyla, Alyona Buryak, Iryna Novytska, and Darya Ovcharenko. "Global investment flows transformation during the COVID-19 pandemic." Економіка і регіон/ Economics and region, no. 3(82) (November 28, 2021): 124–32. https://doi.org/10.26906/eir.2021.3(82).2376.

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The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on investment decisions in international economic activity has been analyzed and the concepts of capital flight and net capital inflows have been considered. Sources of investment have been systematized, from which companies have the opportunity to obtain resources to improve their work. Among the main sources of investment foreign aid in the form of grants, loans, etc. has been considered as a rather controversial category, as there were cases when state foreign aid had a positive impact on the economy of the recipient country and along with them there a

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Nicolaides, Phedon. "State Aid Implications of Public Investment in Land Development & Social Housing." Journal of European Competition Law & Practice 10, no. 10 (2019): 609–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpz056.

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28

Iliopoulos, Theodoros G. "State aid assessment for renewable energy support schemes: deconstructing the Guidelines on State aid for Climate, Environmental Protection and Energy, in view of the recent major crises." Review of European Administrative Law 16, no. 4 (2024): 45–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7590/187479823x17060142572619.

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The attainment of the clean energy transition in the EU requires substantial additional investment in renewable energy projects. In this regard, Member States have been and still are using support schemes, regulatory instruments that financially support such investments in different ways. However, since support schemes constitute an intervention in the market, their legality and compatibility with the internal market is not self-evident but needs to be assessed under State aid law. This assessment is typically conducted on the basis of soft law conditions that the Commission adopts with its Gu

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29

Jans, Jan H. "State Aid and Articles 92 and 93 of the EC Treaty: Does the Polluter Really Pay?" European Energy and Environmental Law Review 4, Issue 4 (1995): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr1995024.

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The Commission's Guidelines for assessing national environmental aid measures; Article 92(6) of the EC Treaty and the prohibition on aid which distorts competition; the case law on the meaning of "aid"; distortion of competition under Article 92 (1); the "adverse effect on trade" criterion in Article 92(1); the exemptions in Article 92(2) and (3) - aid to make good damage caused by natural disasters, the "European interest" exemption, aid for investment, aid to increase general environmental awareness, aid to provide training and consultancy, and operating aid; conclusion that the Commission's

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30

LAMBERT, KERI. "‘IT'S ALL WORK AND HAPPINESS ON THE FARMS’: AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT BETWEEN THE BLOCS IN NKRUMAH'S GHANA." Journal of African History 60, no. 01 (2019): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021853719000331.

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AbstractThis study assesses the agricultural sector under the government of Kwame Nkrumah as a dynamic Cold War front. After Ghana's independence in 1957, Nkrumah asserted that the new nation would guard its sovereignty from foreign influence, while recognizing that it needed foreign cooperation and investment. His government embarked upon a development program with an emphasis on diversifying Ghana's agriculture to decrease her dependence on cocoa. Meanwhile, both the United States and the Soviet Union sought to establish footholds in Ghana through agricultural aid, trade, and investments. In

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31

Luja, Raymond H. C. "(Re)shaping Fiscal State Aid: Selected Recent Cases and Their Impact." Intertax 40, Issue 2 (2012): 120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2012013.

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This contribution touches upon a number of recent state aid developments. It addresses EU limits to the tax authority's competence to conclude tax settlements and rulings and pays special attention to their role as creditors settling payment issues. Other points discussed are the need for investment fund regimes not to go beyond full transparency in order to stay outside of the state aid regime and the relation between state aid and other primary EU law. Moreover, the tax facilitation of takeovers and the use of cooperatives in tax planning will be addressed. Finally the limitations to state a

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Phuong, Nguyen-Hoang, and Peter Damiano. "How do School Districts Use State Aid for Capital Expenditures? The Case of Iowa." Journal of Education Finance 48, no. 4 (2023): 405–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jef.2023.a913134.

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abstract: This study is the first to empirically examine how school districts allocate resources in response to capital investment revenue from statewide penny sales taxes (called SAVE funds), and whether SAVE funds affect student outputs (i.e., educational achievement). We found evidence that school districts do not use SAVE funds to increase capital investment or to provide property tax relief. Rather, school districts are most likely to shift existing resources that would have been used for capital purposes toward non-capital purposes, including instruction and administration. Despite a sma

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Pach, Janina, and Mieczysława Solińska. "Problem pomocy dla małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce po akcesji do Unii Europejskiej." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 6 (January 1, 2010): 310–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.6.23.

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Small and medium enterprises (SME) play an important role both in Poland and other countries of the European Union. Their contribution both as a percentage of the total number of enterprises, in general employment and in the production of particular products and gross domestic product confirms their importance for economy.The role of SME in Poland would be greater if the indicator of their activity (which is now below 50%) was higher, and the sustainability of SME’s was improved. Moreover, the crucial condition for enlargement of SME’s importance is the improvement of their investment capacity

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Otter, J. P., and B. Balasingham. "Regional State Aid: Market Definition in Large Investment Projects of the Automotive Industry." European State Aid Law Quarterly 12, no. 3 (2013): 516–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/estal/2013/3/368.

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Friederiszick, H., and N. Tosini. "Implications of the State Aid Modernisation for the Assessment of Large Investment Projects." European State Aid Law Quarterly 12, no. 1 (2013): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/estal/2013/1/332.

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Ngo, Nguyen-Quynh-Nhu, Ngoc-Tien Hoang, and Tran Minh Tung. "The Impact of Monetary Policy on the Transformation to Circular Economy: Does Foreign Direct Investment Speak?" Migration Letters 20, S9 (2023): 386–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.59670/ml.v20is9.4810.

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Our paper examines the relationship between State Bank of Vietnam's implementation of monetary policies, Foreign direct investment inflows, and the country's move toward a circular economy. By using the PLS-SEM method with 330 observations, the study demonstrated that the positive impacts of the State Bank of Vietnam's monetary policies will aid in promoting Vietnam's transition to the circular economy, either when the State Bank offers a contractionary or expansionary or sustainable monetary policy. Moreover, when a country receives foreign direct investment, it tends to encourage companies'

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37

Perna, Laura W., and Patricia Steele. "The Role of Context in Understanding the Contributions of Financial Aid to College Opportunity." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 113, no. 5 (2011): 895–933. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811111300507.

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Background/Context Financial aid is a critical policy lever for increasing college access, choice, and attainment. Even with the substantial investment in financial aid programs, however, inadequate financial resources continue to limit postsecondary educational attainment. The persistence of financial barriers despite the substantial annual investment in student financial aid programs suggests the need to better understand the role of financial aid in promoting college opportunity. Purpose The study explores three questions: What are high school students’ perceptions of and expectations for f

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38

Gellers, Joshua C., and Chris Jeffords. "Environmental Determinants of Chinese Development Finance in Africa." Journal of Environment & Development 28, no. 2 (2019): 111–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496518825282.

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To what extent are decisions regarding Chinese investment in Africa motivated by environmental factors? A considerable body of work has examined the determinants of foreign aid among traditional donors, producing useful debates about the relative significance of recipient need or merit and donor interest. But far less scholarly effort has focused on the motivations of emerging donors and the role of environmental factors in influencing aid allocation. In an attempt to fill these gaps, this article uses statistical techniques to test the hypothesis that China deliberately invests in African cou

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39

Ogunola, A. A., M. O. Agunbiade, and E. O. Oluwalana. "Profitability of honey production in Ogun State, Nigeria." Direct Research Journal of Agriculture and Food Science 7, no. 12 (2019): 345–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3558498.

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The study was carried out in Ogun State. The study analyzed the profitability of honey production in the study area. Information was elicited from 120 respondents by simple random sampling with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire and interview schedule from where input and output data were obtained. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and budgetary techniques analysis. The result of the socio-economic variables showed that 41.7% of the respondents were within a productive age-range of 41-50 years. It further revealed that there was gender insensitivity and disc

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40

Adeniran, Ademola, and Adebowale Oshineye. "IMPACT OF ORGANISATIONAL JUSTICE ON ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT [A STUDY OF OGUN STATE PROPERTY AND INVESTMENT CORPORATION (OPIC), OGUN STATE]." International Journal of Operational Research in Management, Social Sciences, and Education 8, no. 1 (2022): 63–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijormsse.v8.i1.05.

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The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of organizational justice on commitment. The study drew participant from the hospitality industry with a special focus on Ogun State Property and Investment Corporation (OPIC). A sample size of one hundred and twenty-eight (128) staff were selected with the aid of convenience sampling technique. The data were then presented in simple percentage frequency table while the hypotheses were tested using correlation co-efficient and OLS with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS, version 23). The research findings show that there

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41

Kulakov, Oleksii. "International investment activity in the context of foreign relations." Economic journal Odessa polytechnic university 1, no. 15 (2021): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/ej.01.2021.5.

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Taking into account the processes of regulation of international investment activity, the article analyzes the stimulation of investment development processes in order to realize the active role of public authorities in the implementation of the system of long-term investment in the economy. Moreover, research investigates that it is necessary to regulate international investment activity using economic, administrative and legal methods, as well as instruments of motivation and constraints to influence the country’s economy. On the other hand, article researches the main mechanisms that ensure

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42

Vovchak, Olha, Yurii Dziurakh, Ihor Kulyniak, Liubov Halkiv, and Halyna Rachynska. "ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF STATE REGULATION OF THE INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN AGRICULTURE." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 3, no. 44 (2022): 269–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.55643/fcaptp.3.44.2022.3774.

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The main task of the state investment strategy in the development of agriculture is to form an effective policy of state promotion of investment in the agricultural sector, which will increase the level of investment attractiveness of the farm sector. Given the study's relevance, the article aims to justify the feasibility of introducing an economic mechanism of state regulation of investment activities in agriculture by combining the levers of state regulation with financial instruments of banking institutions. The study's goals were solved using the following general scientific methods: synt

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Lowe, Sir Philip, and Simon Yarak. "Closing the regulatory gap – answers (and new questions) from the Foreign Subsidies Regulation." Competition Law & Policy Debate 8, no. 1 (2023): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/clpd.2023.01.03.

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This article discusses the way in which the Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) attempts to close a regulatory gap left between EU State aid rules, WTO anti-subsidy rules and foreign direct investment (FDI) monitoring rules. In particular, it presents key similarities and differences in the substantive assessment undertaken by the Commission in State aid control, and that which it may be expected to apply under the FSR, from the economics perspective. While the Commission is likely to apply very similar tools to those of State aid control in order to determine whether a foreign financial contri

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McLendon, Michael K., David A. Tandberg, and Nicholas W. Hillman. "Financing College Opportunity." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 655, no. 1 (2014): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716214540849.

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Some states invest relatively heavily in financial aid programs that benefit lower-income citizens, while other states concentrate their investment in programs that benefit students from higher-income backgrounds. States also vary in their levels of direct appropriations to campuses, a form of public subsidy that has long been viewed as benefitting middle-income citizens. What factors influence states to allocate higher education subsidies in a more or a less redistributive manner? This article reports on a study that examined sources of variation in state spending on need-based aid, merit-bas

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Tazhibaev, S. D., G. Musaeva, and S. O. Tanatova. "Issues of efficiency of financing the agricultural sector." Problems of AgriMarket, no. 3 (September 30, 2024): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2024-3.2708-9991.07.

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In many economically developed countries, state support, financial investments in the agricultural industry, increasing productivity and profitability, ensuring the availability of food are the main factors of economic growth, first of all, employment of the population. Purpose - the main problems of financing the agro-industrial complex of the republic and scientific approaches to their solution are considered. Methods - comparative analysis, synthesis, monographic, logical evaluation to determine the mechanisms affecting the effectiveness of state aid and investment. Results - the article an

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Struckmann, Kai, and William De Catelle. "State aid and international investment arbitration: the Micula case – taking stock in an ongoing saga." ERA Forum 22, no. 1 (2021): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12027-021-00655-9.

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Onuche, U., P. O. Ologidi, and S. O. Ali. "Impediments to Small Scale Artisanal Fisheries Development in Nigeria: Location and Category-Specific Evidence from Kogi and Bayelsa States." Agrosearch 23, no. 1 (2025): 51–60. https://doi.org/10.4314/agrosh.v23i1.5.

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The constraints to artisanal fishing in Kogi and Bayelsa States, Nigeria were investigated to expose priority attention areas for the different categories (by crafts) of fisheries. The cluster sampling method was adopted in selecting 81 and 178 artisanal fisher folks respectively from the two states. Mean score analysis was employed in ranking the constraints. In both states, the need for improvements in technology, credit and extension services was compelling. On peculiarities by states, all categories of the fisher folks in Kogi state perceived poor catches and high cost of gears and equipme

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Schank, Joshua, and Paul Lewis. "Federal Role in State Transportation Finance." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2345, no. 1 (2013): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2345-02.

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The federal contribution to surface transportation funding has stagnated, and this situation is likely to continue or worsen as a result of continuing fiscal and political problems. The federal government remains the biggest single contributor to transportation capital investment on federal-aid projects, and stagnation or cuts will have a substantial impact on cities, states, and the entire country. Because of their own challenges with respect to raising revenue for transportation, federal grantees may not be able to replace lost federal funds. Therefore, new ways for the federal government to

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Lysokon, I. "STATE, PRIVATE AND PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS INTERACTION IN THE ORGANIZATION OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES MANAGEMENT OF A HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION." Ukrainian professional education, no. 13 (October 27, 2023): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2519-8254.2023.13.289942.

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The article analyzes the effectiveness of state, private, and public institutions' interaction in the organization of investment activities management of a higher education institution. The organizational forms of state, private, and public institutions interaction with a higher education institution for the organization of investment activities management are considered, which include charitable contributions, grants, public-private partnerships, crowdfunding, international humanitarian aid, participatory budgeting, fundraising, etc. The main principles of the organization for managing the in

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Shteingauz, D., A. Kuznyetsova, and D. Achimovich. "FINANCIAL SUPPORT AND EFFICIENCY OF IMPLEMENTATION OF GOVERNMENT HOUSING ACCESSIBILITY PROGRAMS IN UKRAINE." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 5, no. 40 (2021): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v5i40.244967.

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Abstract. The state of financial support of seven state programs of housing affordability, which currently operate in Ukraine, has been studied and analyzed. As a result, the most effective programs in terms of state aid and the average amount of state aid per recipient were identified. The main significant shortcoming in the implementation of state programs for housing affordability is their constant underfunding from the state budget, which hinders the manifestation of a synergistic positive effect. Deficit of budget funds and restrictions or complete refusal to allocate budget allocations t

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