Relevant bibliographies by topics / State-Local Politics

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'State-Local Politics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "State-Local Politics"

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Magnusson, Warren. "Urban Politics and the Local State." Studies in Political Economy 16, no. 1 (January 1985): 111–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19187033.1985.11675621.

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Gaasholt, Ole Martin. "State decentralisation and local politics in Mali." Cadernos de Estudos Africanos, no. 5/6 (June 1, 2004): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/cea.1375.

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Trounstine, Jessica. "All Politics Is Local: The Reemergence of the Study of City Politics." Perspectives on Politics 7, no. 3 (August 19, 2009): 611–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592709990892.

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The study of local politics has been relegated to the periphery of political science and many explanations have been offered for the marginalization of the subfield. I offer three related arguments for why scholars should revisit the study of sub-state politics. First, the local level is the source of numerous political outcomes that matter because they represent a large proportion of political events in the United States. Secondly, there are methodological advantages to studying local politics. Finally, analyzing politics at the sub-state level can generate thoroughly different kinds of questions than a purely national-level focus and can offer different answers to questions that apply more generally. Research on local politics can and should contribute to broader debates in political science and ensure that we understand both how and why cities are unique.
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Elazar, Daniel J., and James Stever. "Diversity and Order in State and Local Politics." CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs 15, no. 2 (1985): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3329968.

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Kirby, Andrew. "PROGRESS REPORT: THE LOCAL STATE AND URBAN POLITICS." Urban Geography 6, no. 3 (July 1985): 274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.6.3.274.

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Kirby, Andrew. "PROGRESS REPORT: THE LOCAL STATE AND URBAN POLITICS." Urban Geography 8, no. 3 (May 1987): 273–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2747/0272-3638.8.3.273.

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Stoecker, Randy, and Andrew Kirby. "Power/Resistance: Local Politics and the Chaotic State." Contemporary Sociology 23, no. 6 (November 1994): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2076049.

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Kawanaka, Takeshi. "The State and Institutions in Philippine Local Politics." Philippine Political Science Journal 22, no. 1 (December 8, 2001): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2165025x-02201007.

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Kawanaka, Takeshi. "The State and Institutions in Philippine Local Politics." Philippine Political Science Journal 22, no. 45 (December 2001): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01154451.2001.9754228.

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McNeil, John. "An Overview Curriculum Politics: Local, State, and Federal." NASSP Bulletin 72, no. 509 (September 1988): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019263658807250909.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "State-Local Politics"

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Aitken, Robert Martin. "Localizing politics : Cardenismo, the mexican state and local politics in contemporary Michoacán /." [Leiden] : [Leiden university], 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39907167d.

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Woods, Michael. "Elites in the rural local state." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/b11941de-ee75-4694-8f69-6d0930078cd7.

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Halford, Susan Janine. "Local politics, feminism and the local state : women's initiatives in British local government in the 1980s." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303870.

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Das, Raju J. "Local politics, the state and uneven development : the case of India /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487935958844656.

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Jones, Benjamin. "Local-level politics in Uganda : institutional landscapes at the margins of the state." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2005. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/662/.

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Uganda has been considered one of Africa's few "success stories" over the past decade, an example of how a country can be transformed through a committed state bureaucracy. The thesis questions this view by looking at the experiences of development and change in a subparish in eastern Uganda. From this more local-level perspective, the thesis discusses the weakness of the state in the countryside, and incorporates the importance of religious and customary institutions. In place of a narrow view of politics, focused on reforms and policies coming from above, which rarely reach rural areas in a consistent or predictable way, the thesis describes political developments within a rural community. The thesis rests on two premises. First, that the state in rural Uganda has been too weak to support an effective bureaucratic presence in the countryside. Second, that politics at the local-level is an "open-ended" business, better understood through investigating a range of institutional spaces and activities, rather than a particular set of actions, or a single bureaucracy. Oledai sub-parish, which provides the empirical material for the thesis, was far removed from the idea of state-sponsored success described in the literature. Villagers had to contend with a history of violence, with recent impoverishment, and with the reality that the rural economy was unimportant in maintaining the structures of the government system. The thesis shows that the marginalisation of the countryside came at a time when central and local government structures had become increasingly reliant on funding from abroad. Aside from the analysing the weakness of the state bureaucracy, the thesis goes on to discuss broader changes in the life of the sub-parish, including the impact of a violent insurgency in the late 1980s. The thesis also looks at the role of churches and burial societies, institutions which have been largely ignored by the literature on political developments in Uganda. Religious and customary institutions, as well as the village court, provided spaces where political goals, such as settling disputes, building a career, or acquiring wealth, could be pursued.
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Foster, John M. "Voter Ideology, Tax Exporting, and State and Local Tax Structure." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/msppa_etds/2.

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State and local governments play an important role in financing and delivering public services in the United States. In 2008, state and local governments collected 57 percent of total federal, state, and local revenue (Urban Institute and Brookings Institution, Tax Policy Center, 2009). The decentralization of fiscal responsibility has enabled a high degree of variation in state and local tax structures to emerge. This dissertation presents two empirical studies that extend the positive literature on state and local tax policy. The extant literature contains evidence of a direct relationship between voter ideology and state and local tax progressivity. However, the measures of voter ideology that were used either did not capture differences in the intensity of voter liberalism across states, did not vary over time, or were beset with other limitations. This study uses the measure of average voter liberalism developed by Berry et al (1998). I find that average voter liberalism is significantly and positively-related to progressivity. However, the effect is small in magnitude. The ethnic congruence between the poor and the non-poor is positively-related to progressivity and the effects are economically significant. The degree of tension between ethnic groups, measured with an index of ethnic residential segregation, is significantly and inversely-related to progressivity. Both variables are statistically significant even with average voter liberalism held constant. It is possible that the ethnic demographic context reflects aspects of voters’ redistributive preferences that are not captured by measures of ideology. Researchers have found relationships between states’ tax exporting capacities and the tax structures they adopt. Chapter 4 is the first study to examine the relationship between state tax exporting capacities and the business sales taxes. I find that the effective sales tax rate that governments impose on business purchases is not significantly influenced by a state’s capacity to export business taxes. It is, however, significantly and positively affected by a state’s ability to export taxes on households through the deductibility of state and local taxes under the federal income tax. A decrease in this offset is predicted to lead to an increase in the effective business sales tax rate, ceteris paribus.
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Westman, Philip. "The State of St Petersburg’s Municipalities : Conditions for Local Governance in Russia." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Life Sciences, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-404.

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The study’s focus is put on the lowest level of Russian local politics, empirically represented by two municipalities in St Petersburg. It aims at identifying factors that influence the work of municipal councils. Municipal organs are since their establishment in 1998 officially self-governing and responsible for a wide array of activities within their territories. They are perceived as administrative domains in this paper, parts of a hierarchic domain-structure. The municipal domains are both fiscally and politically restricted by upper political levels – mainly the regional authorities – that heavily reduce the capabilities of the municipal councils’ activities. Besides being dependent on resources from the regional and federal level, the municipal councils’ budgets are reliant on taxing of commercial retailing within its boundaries. Joint with the basic social and demographic circumstances of a municipality, this factor is likely to shape the extent of the council’s activity. The field study conducted specifies that while a geographically central municipality is engaged in infrastructure-maintenance and cultural activities, a peripheral ditto is mainly concerned with social help. Deputies in both districts perceive the current prospects of local government as being limited by outer influence, most of the people involved in the councils are unpaid and the resources needed to communicate with the inhabitants do not exist. The general and actual weakness of local governments is mirrored in the public attitudes, influenced by state-controlled media and revealed in participatory election turnouts. The election in December 2004 produced turnouts exceeding the legitimate limit of 20 % in almost all municipalities. However, the figures are to some extent the results of administrative pressure and liberals claim that plain frauds determined many outcomes. Tendencies point towards a politicization of municipal organs, whereas presently many perceive them as simply administrative. The municipal domain is characterized merely by responsibility instead of actual authority, ownership and substantial spatial impact. It is reliant on higher-level domains while competing for resources with neighboring domains.

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Warrington, F. "State policies for development and local level politics : A case study in Chicontepec, Ver., Mexico." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375845.

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Hermanns, Heike Dorothee. "The state of democratic consolidation in Korea decentralisation and participation in local politics 1988-1998 /." Thesis, Boston Spa, U.K. : British Library Document Supply Centre, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.311169.

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Ormerod, Emma. "The local state of housing : deepening entrepreneurial governance and the place of politics and publics." Thesis, Durham University, 2017. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12388/.

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Housing is political, and its relation to the local state is undergoing a monumental transition. This research charts the journey of a neighbourhood in Gateshead, North East England through housing regeneration. It focuses on a joint venture partnership that has grown from a mired central state regeneration initiative, Housing Market Renewal. In doing so, it grounds and develops Bob Jessop’s (2016) most recent and flexible state theory, to posit the local state as an increasingly relevant conceptual and analytical frame through which to reveal contemporary transformations in local governance. Through an in-depth examination of the relations between new and old state actors, local politics and multiple publics, we can see who is governing and who matters. In positioning housing as central to a contemporary capitalist political economy, housing therefore becomes a key optic through which to understand the deepening of entrepreneurial governance under austerity localism. The local state in Gateshead is reconstructing the housing market and harnessing private finance. It has become a housing developer in its own right through a complex and opaque process of financialization. Despite an entrenched marketized logic, however, the local state is not simply a unified or monolithic structure. It consists of both structures and relations that are in constant struggle as it tentatively negotiates the current and unstable mode of local governance. Seeing the state as a fragmented, malleable and permeable set of relations reveals the various forms of power and sources of pressure within and beyond it. Through examples of both conflict and consensus building, a local struggle over representation and legitimacy opens up conceptual questions about politics and the political. As the local state moves increasingly away from previous processes of public engagement and actively conceals its role in housing development, this new governing arrangement is dislocating politicians from the publics they represent. The channeling of political power into the hands of new state actors is undoubtedly de-democratising. However, there remains the potential to disrupt, or re‐politicise such processes, which can offer hope to the place of politics and publics.
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Books on the topic "State-Local Politics"

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R, Fine Michael, ed. State & local politics. Chicago: Lyceum Books/Nelson-Hall, 1991.

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D, Wrinkle Robert, and Polinard Jerry L, eds. State & local politics. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994.

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Berman, David R. State and local politics. 8th ed. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 1997.

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Peterson, Steven A. State and local politics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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State and local politics. 5th ed. Dubuque, IA: Wm. C. Brown Pub., 1988.

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State and local politics. 6th ed. Dubuque, IA: W.C. Brown, 1991.

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D, Wrinkle Robert, Polinard Jerry L, and Straayer John N. 1939-, eds. State and local politics. 2nd ed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998.

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Berman, David R. State and local politics. 7th ed. Madison, Wis: Brown & Benchmark Publishers, 1994.

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State and local politics. 5th ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1987.

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State and local politics. 9th ed. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "State-Local Politics"

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Renfro, Jayme L. "Local Governments." In State and Local Politics, 120–29. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-11.

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Renfro, Jayme L. "State Constitutions." In State and Local Politics, 27–37. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-3.

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Renfro, Jayme L. "State Legislatures." In State and Local Politics, 75–84. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-7.

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Burns, Danny, Robin Hambleton, and Paul Hoggett. "Local Democracy beyond the Local State." In The Politics of Decentralisation, 252–82. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-23397-7_10.

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Renfro, Jayme L. "State Court Systems." In State and Local Politics, 97–107. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-9.

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Renfro, Jayme L. "State Executive Leadership." In State and Local Politics, 85–96. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-8.

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Renfro, Jayme L. "Conclusion." In State and Local Politics, 140–41. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-201.

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Renfro, Jayme L. "Federalism and Intergovernmental Relations." In State and Local Politics, 15–26. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-2.

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Renfro, Jayme L. "Elections and Political Participation." In State and Local Politics, 51–60. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-5.

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Renfro, Jayme L. "The Bureaucracy." In State and Local Politics, 108–19. New York, NY: Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429056895-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "State-Local Politics"

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Tomašković, Slavko, and Julka Sremac. "THE FUNDAMENTAL FUNCTIONS OF PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANIZATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF SUBOTICA LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT." In Sixth International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.2020.363.

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Organizations, as well as individuals, realized that they possess their core, the core which consists of the necessary activities and necessary people, the core which is surrounded by an open and flexible space that can be complemented with flexible workers and flexible delivery contracts. The attempts to save money, by downsizing the management layers or by hiring temporary workers, change the form of the organization and the style of coordination within the organization itself. This paper will firstly explain the notion of organization and organizing. Since the example which will be presented is the Local Self-Government Subotica organization, the author will state the specific characteristics of a public organization first.
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Kosanovic, Nada, and Suncica Vjestica. "SUSTAINABLE VILLAGES." In Sixth International Scientific-Business Conference LIMEN Leadership, Innovation, Management and Economics: Integrated Politics of Research. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/limen.2020.399.

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Despite the fact that we live in a country where the farmers' associations are created among the first on the Old Continent, and where one of the first Institute for Nature Protection is created, statistics warn us that the demise of several hundred Serbian villages and thus the emptying of strategically important areas of the state of Serbia today, is a serious development problem. In this paper an analysis of the rural, age and educational structure of the population, in rural areas of the Republic of Serbia, has been performed. The authors believe that the situation is not hopeless and point out that the sustainable development of the village is possible only if favorable local preconditions for it are met. Therefore, it is necessary to revive and institutionally expand the competencies of rural local communities as a form of local rural self-government in the Serbian folk tradition. Accordingly, decentralization and polycentric development are the main conditions for the renewal of the population and devastated parts of Serbia. Moreover, native networks and integrated rural development are models applicable through LAP in accordance with the characteristics of the area. Nowadays, it is necessary to raise people's awareness of the importance of rural survival and sustainable management of resources in agriculture, i.e. to breathe new life into rural areas, which would also be a motive for staying in the countryside.
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Samajdar, Ananya. "Accountability and Performance: A Study of Rural Local Government in the Indian State of West Bengal." In Annual International Conference on Political Science, Sociology and International Relations. Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-2403_pssir27.

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Zhang, Ning, and Yinghui Yang. "National State Construction and Reconstruction of Local Political Order—Based on the Analysis of Liu Wenhui’s Policy in Khams." In 2020 International Conference on Social Science, Economics and Education Research (SSEER 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200801.078.

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Дмитренко, О. А. "СПОСОБИ ВПЛИВУ НА ФОРМУВАННЯ ПОЛІТИКИ З БОКУ НЕУРЯДОВОГО СЕКТОРУ." In Proceedings of the XXVIII International Scientific and Practical Conference. RS Global Sp. z O.O., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_conf/25042021/7523.

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The issue of interaction of the non-governmental sector with state and local authorities always remains relevant, primarily due to changes in the dynamics and trends of this process. Today in Ukraine there is a wide range of interaction tools that can be used by both civil society organizations and individual citizens to communicate with the authorities. However, a characteristic feature of the non-governmental sector is not only the requirement of accountability on the part of the state, but also participation in the formation of a political course and roadmap in a given area. In this study, we analyzed how the third sector currently uses legally regulated methods of communication with the authorities to participate in policy-making and change.
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Nazarmatova, Kasira, and Saule Ermekbaeva. "Food Security is one of the Most Important Conditions for Economic Development." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00579.

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Food security is one of the most important aspects of socio-economic development in Kyrgyzstan. Therefore, studies done in this field of research are of significant theoretical and practical interest. Resolutions of food security issues are one of the conditions for the preservation of state sovereignty, economic security and social stability in society, ultimately, national security. Food safety is important, in terms of strategic interests of the country, and its solution requires: to satisfy public demand for food products; providing industry with raw materials of local manufacture; preservation of social, political and social stability in society; to prevent dependency of the national economy on changes; conditions related to the world markets, the development of internal agricultural production, food and processing industry; neutralization of some import to ensure stable employment and income in rural areas; preservation of ethnic - national characteristics of the local population by creating opportunities for 'survival' of the village: prevention of major foreign exchange expenditure on food imports: the neutralization of the negative impact on the local food market crises in foreign countries - exporters and importers of food products.
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Gore, Daniel J. "Maritime Administration’s Formulation of a Maritime Energy and Clean Emissions Program." In ASME 2002 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2002-462.

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The Environmental Protection Agency promulgation of “Control of Emissions of Air Pollution from New Marine Compression Ignition Engines at or above 37 kW,” on December 29, 1999, marked the first time federal air pollution regulations were directly applied to marine engines for commercial U.S. ships. Perhaps surprisingly, these regulations are not having as much impact as are individual State Implementation Plans (SIP) for Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) attainment, and local political pressures. These regional plans and pressures are forcing many domestic marine operators and ports to get a quick education on the cause and mitigation of air pollution. Cases in point, include: • The State of Alaska now fines passenger vessels that enter ports with greater than allowable stack gas opacities. One cruise operator has opted to plug into shore power when its vessels are tied up to pier. • In the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach vessel operators have been asked to slow vessel speeds below normal while entering and exiting in a voluntary attempt to reduce NOx emissions. • Environmentalists in the San Francisco Bay Area are applying significant political pressures to ensure proposed new ferry systems emit a minimum of air pollution. • The State of Texas briefly considered stopping all industrial equipment in the Port of Houston for twelve hours per day as a method of decreasing area ozone formation. • Potential NOx emissions generated during imminent channel dredging in the Port of New York and New Jersey is impeding the development of the latest State Implementation Plan. Local pressures are likely to continue to grow, federal regulations are set to become more stringent, and international conventions loom on the horizon. However, as expected in such a competitive industry, concerns are often focused on the bottom line in which cost of operations is a pre-eminent factor. It was in view of these dynamics that the federal Maritime Administration (MARAD) recently launched the Maritime Energy and Clean Emissions Program. This paper introduces the Program, including the background, evolution, and progress of each strategic goal. This paper is intended to be an overview. Attention is paid to the potential transferability and/or development of technologies not previously deployed in the U.S. marine environment. Any of the specific projects described could become the basis for a separate technical paper.
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Vavtar, Bojan, and Andrej Škraba. "Poslovna etika in Pravna načela -dejavnika uspešnosti Delovanja Organizacij." In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.72.

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The development of effective organizational systems is one of the most important factors of business success. Radical economic and political changes and the rapid development of the global economic environment trigger public debates in all social structures on the state of entrepreneurial culture, based on generally accepted ethical and legal principles. Ethical business problems have a global dimension and are particularly clearly reflected at the local level of operation. By joining wider social and entrepreneurial structures, Slovenia also accepts global rules of entrepreneurial activity. Growing competition in the global market requires companies to provide superior products, services and ethically and legally correct operations, which is one of the central factors of success in the global business environment. In this paper, we discuss the important relationships between ethics, respect for legal principles and the effectiveness of organizations.
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Katre, Poonman. "Lessons from adaptaation of local knowledge an traditional practices for urban public spaces as an effective tool for urban devleopment in hot cities." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/izoo6469.

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Historically, Hot cities around India have always relied on urban public spaces for its sociocultural as well as economic activities. They showed a greater capacity to adopt and sustain over time. The reason seems to be lying under its tendency to evolve and accommodate temporality and sustain with its constancy. These urban public spaces were strongly bonded with religions and customs rooted in nature and inbuilt into societal norms, there by emphasizing greater ecological consciousness and protection. But in the last century, globalization brought aesthetic & grand spectacle as deciding criteria for planning and designing of the urban public spaces. The result is, energy consuming, deserted, inaccessible and underutilized public spaces over a longer period as opposed to its short-lived fame. Urbanization has given rise to the new narrative for these urban public spaces which evolved in to hybrid versions conceptualized from global practices. This pose a threat in terms of loss of civic life and decreasing social cultural flows in the city. Cities with the highest temperature seems to be getting the worst of it, essentially due to two main reasons. First are the adopted global models being not responsive to the local context, failing to stay active over longer periods of time and second due to failure to reconceptualize our traditional practices and local knowledge associated with development of cities in to ongoing practices. Previous study of historic Indian public spaces in hot cities, highlights their nature as being symbolic, functionalist, political, performative, and cultural and hence proving to be contextually sensitive. These urban public spaces were designed to be a platform extension of their everyday outdoor life. This everyday outdoor life in hot cities have taken a shape in to various manifestation of forms. And emphasized more on organic development of public spaces. Now, the current system in India that is responsible for generating our urban public spaces are regulated and mandated by state and local guidelines such as, URDPFI guidelines etc. which only mentions about open spaces to be left per area per person or in terms of percentage or buildable area. Little to no consideration has been given to how that open space should be treated. The solution can be found in adaptation and reconceptualizing of these local knowledge and traditional practices suitable to today's spatial context. But a greater consideration needs to be given to the modern-day applicability and checking its suitability. With that consideration, the paper will try to analysis selective samples of urban public spaces before the industrialization in the hot cities depending upon the generic public places i.e., Access and linkage, Purpose and activities, comfort and image, sociability, (Project for public spaces), adaptability, Thermal comfort, User responsiveness. The results then will be tested to check its adaptability in present day context with the help of case study.
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Rommel, Burbano B. N., Ramirez S. Said, and Lara M. Leonel. "Latest Findings in the Development of Rules for Design and Evaluation of Marine Pipelines in the Gulf of Mexico." In ASME 2004 23rd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2004-51487.

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The paper presents the work carried out by the Instituto Mexicano del Petro´leo (IMP) during the last years, regarding the development of local rules for the design and reassessment of marine pipelines, taking into account environmental and operational conditions in the Gulf of Me´xico, as well as economic implications of these facilities within Mexican social and political fields. The costs for Petro´leos Mexicanos (Pemex) of a possible failure of a marine pipeline are also considered. The results will be incorporated in a Norm of Reference to Pemex being the first regulating national document in this area. This work is based in an extensive risk study of the marine pipelines and risers. The costs are evaluated regarding the failure consequences that could be present in the marine pipelines both during the installation phase as well as during the operation phase. The failure probabilities and the reliability indexes are determined according to the production and the type of product. Using structural reliability theory, a classification by service and safety (CSS) for the marine pipelines is obtained and from that the safety factors for design and evaluation for all the possible loads that may be present during both installation and operation. The methodology used is according to the state of the art and with international codes (API and DNV). The main advantage of the project is to better understand the behavior of the marine pipeline and risers taking into account the geotechnical and ocean characteristics of the Gulf of Me´xico and the costs that would represent for Pemex the possible failure of a structure of this type.
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Reports on the topic "State-Local Politics"

1

Kahn, Matthew, and Kyle Barron. The Political Economy of State and Local Investment in Pre-K Programs. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21208.

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Glaeser, Edward, and Giacomo A. Ponzetto. Shrouded Costs of Government: The Political Economy of State and Local Public Pensions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18976.

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3

Hendricks, Kasey. Data for Alabama Taxation and Changing Discourse from Reconstruction to Redemption. University of Tennessee, Knoxville Libraries, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7290/wdyvftwo4u.

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At their most basic level taxes carry, in the words of Schumpeter ([1918] 1991), “the thunder of history” (p. 101). They say something about the ever-changing structures of social, economic, and political life. Taxes offer a blueprint, in both symbolic and concrete terms, for uncovering the most fundamental arrangements in society – stratification included. The historical retellings captured within these data highlight the politics of taxation in Alabama from 1856 to 1901, including conflicts over whom money is expended upon as well as struggles over who carries their fair share of the tax burden. The selected timeline overlaps with the formation of five of six constitutions adopted in the State of Alabama, including 1861, 1865, 1868, 1875, and 1901. Having these years as the focal point makes for an especially meaningful case study, given how much these constitutional formations made the state a site for much political debate. These data contain 5,121 pages of periodicals from newspapers throughout the state, including: Alabama Sentinel, Alabama State Intelligencer, Alabama State Journal, Athens Herald, Daily Alabama Journal, Daily Confederation, Elyton Herald, Mobile Daily Tribune, Mobile Tribune, Mobile Weekly Tribune, Morning Herald, Nationalist, New Era, Observer, Tuscaloosa Observer, Tuskegee News, Universalist Herald, and Wilcox News and Pacificator. The contemporary relevance of these historical debates manifests in Alabama’s current constitution which was adopted in 1901. This constitution departs from well-established conventions of treating the document as a legal framework that specifies a general role of governance but is firm enough to protect the civil rights and liberties of the population. Instead, it stands more as a legislative document, or procedural straightjacket, that preempts through statutory material what regulatory action is possible by the state. These barriers included a refusal to establish a state board of education and enact a tax structure for local education in addition to debt and tax limitations that constrained government capacity more broadly. Prohibitive features like these are among the reasons that, by 2020, the 1901 Constitution has been amended nearly 1,000 times since its adoption. However, similar procedural barriers have been duplicated across the U.S. since (e.g., California’s Proposition 13 of 1978). Reference: Schumpeter, Joseph. [1918] 1991. “The Crisis of the Tax State.” Pp. 99-140 in The Economics and Sociology of Capitalism, edited by Richard Swedberg. Princeton University Press.
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Dejene Mamo, Bekana. The Impact of Intergovernmental Transfers on Fiscal Behaviour of Local Governments in Ethiopia. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.001.

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This paper examines the effect of intergovernmental fiscal transfers on the fiscal behaviour of local governments in Ethiopia for the period 2004-2018. The empirical findings suggest that central government grants bolster state-level employment and expenditure. However, grants from the central government to states do not crowd out state-level revenue collection. Hence, this paper argues that fiscal decentralisation in Ethiopia has mostly, at least in theory, taken the form of devolution of the power to tax and spend public money. However, on average state-level revenue can only finance up to 26 per cent of their annual expenditure. As a result, fiscal federalism in Ethiopia appears to be a form of delegation of spending responsibilities. It has to be considered in the context of a decentralised tax system, but with a transfer scheme and political hierarchy. The results are found to be robust to alternative econometric estimation techniques.
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Ng, Shu Wen, Thomas Hoerger, and Rachel Nugent. Preventing Non-communicable Diseases Using Pricing Policies: Lessons for the United States from Global Experiences and Local Pilots. RTI Press, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.pb.0025.2105.

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Preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in an effective and sustainable way will require forward-looking policy solutions that can address multiple objectives. This was true pre–COVID-19 and is even more true now. There are already examples from across the globe and within the United States that show how these may be possible. Although there are still many unknowns around how the design, targeting, level, sequencing, integration, and implementation of fiscal policies together can maximize their NCD prevention potential, there is already clear evidence that health taxes and particularly sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are cost-effective. Nonetheless, policies alone may not succeed. Political will to prioritize well-being, protections against industry interference, and public buy-in are necessary. If those elements align, pricing policies that consider the context in question can be designed and implemented to achieve several goals around reducing consumption of unhealthy SSBs and foods, narrowing existing nutritional and health disparities, encouraging economic and social development. The US and its local and state jurisdictions should consider these pricing policy issues and their contexts carefully, in collaboration with community partners and researchers, to design multi-duty actions and to be prepared for future windows of opportunities to open for policy passage and implementation.
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Hall, Mark, and Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.
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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. The Unmaking of the Black Blue-Collar Middle Class. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp159.

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In the decade after the Civil Rights Act of 1964, African Americans made historic gains in accessing employment opportunities in racially integrated workplaces in U.S. business firms and government agencies. In the previous working papers in this series, we have shown that in the 1960s and 1970s, Blacks without college degrees were gaining access to the American middle class by moving into well-paid unionized jobs in capital-intensive mass production industries. At that time, major U.S. companies paid these blue-collar workers middle-class wages, offered stable employment, and provided employees with health and retirement benefits. Of particular importance to Blacks was the opening up to them of unionized semiskilled operative and skilled craft jobs, for which in a number of industries, and particularly those in the automobile and electronic manufacturing sectors, there was strong demand. In addition, by the end of the 1970s, buoyed by affirmative action and the growth of public-service employment, Blacks were experiencing upward mobility through employment in government agencies at local, state, and federal levels as well as in civil-society organizations, largely funded by government, to operate social and community development programs aimed at urban areas where Blacks lived. By the end of the 1970s, there was an emergent blue-collar Black middle class in the United States. Most of these workers had no more than high-school educations but had sufficient earnings and benefits to provide their families with economic security, including realistic expectations that their children would have the opportunity to move up the economic ladder to join the ranks of the college-educated white-collar middle class. That is what had happened for whites in the post-World War II decades, and given the momentum provided by the dominant position of the United States in global manufacturing and the nation’s equal employment opportunity legislation, there was every reason to believe that Blacks would experience intergenerational upward mobility along a similar education-and-employment career path. That did not happen. Overall, the 1980s and 1990s were decades of economic growth in the United States. For the emerging blue-collar Black middle class, however, the experience was of job loss, economic insecurity, and downward mobility. As the twentieth century ended and the twenty-first century began, moreover, it became apparent that this downward spiral was not confined to Blacks. Whites with only high-school educations also saw their blue-collar employment opportunities disappear, accompanied by lower wages, fewer benefits, and less security for those who continued to find employment in these jobs. The distress experienced by white Americans with the decline of the blue-collar middle class follows the downward trajectory that has adversely affected the socioeconomic positions of the much more vulnerable blue-collar Black middle class from the early 1980s. In this paper, we document when, how, and why the unmaking of the blue-collar Black middle class occurred and intergenerational upward mobility of Blacks to the college-educated middle class was stifled. We focus on blue-collar layoffs and manufacturing-plant closings in an important sector for Black employment, the automobile industry from the early 1980s. We then document the adverse impact on Blacks that has occurred in government-sector employment in a financialized economy in which the dominant ideology is that concentration of income among the richest households promotes productive investment, with government spending only impeding that objective. Reduction of taxes primarily on the wealthy and the corporate sector, the ascendancy of political and economic beliefs that celebrate the efficiency and dynamism of “free market” business enterprise, and the denigration of the idea that government can solve social problems all combined to shrink government budgets, diminish regulatory enforcement, and scuttle initiatives that previously provided greater opportunity for African Americans in the government and civil-society sectors.
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Charting Violent Extremism Research Priorities in North Africa and the Sahel 2018. RESOLVE Network, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/rp2021.1.lcb.

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As the socio-political dynamics of conflict and insecurity continue to evolve across North Africa and the Sahel, efforts to prioritize the exploration of ongoing and emerging violent extremist trends remain important. For decades, violent conflict, poor resource management, environmental change, and weak governments (through lack of institutional capacity or by predatory elite design) have contributed to cycles of instability and state fragility. Violent extremist organizations such as Boko Haram, al-Qaeda, and the self-proclaimed Islamic State and its affiliates have benefited from this instability. As the groups, tactics, and contexts continue to change, greater attention to ongoing and emerging threats to peace and stability in the region is needed. In 2018, the RESOLVE Network convened over 30 global, regional, and local researchers, practitioners and policymakers with varied expertise in local governance, development, and the preventing and countering violent extremism (P/CVE) research landscape in the Lake Chad Basin and regional proximity. The topics identified here reflect participants’ collective assessment of current dynamics, expertise, in-depth understanding, and commitment to continued analysis of violent extremism (VE) trends and dynamics in the region.
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