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1
Teinerová, Ivana. "Audit z pohledu účetní jednotky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222883.
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I have focused on the final accounts audit from the accounting entity view in my graduation thesis. The first part of my thesis is theoretical, and it is formed by fundamental terms explanation in the field of audit. Next part is dealing with the problem analysis, which will be solved in the practice part, and what is the accounting entity position at the time of audit. The last part is the practice part, which is dealing with the accounting entity rights and duties during the audit. The practice part should serve as the manual for the companies, which do not know what the audit amounts to, how to get prepared for and what does it result from in the case of the verification of final accounts by the auditor for them.
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Turner, Christopher. "Controlling Auditor Interactions to Improve the Quality of a Financial Statement Audit." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2587.
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Poor quality financial statement audits have a negative impact on the information provided to principals and stakeholders that can increase the risk of corporate fraud. The well-documented collapses of companies, such as Enron and WorldCom, brought the issue of audit quality to the headlines. Using agency theory as the conceptual framework, the purpose of this single case study was to determine what strategies client managers and boards can use to facilitate an engagement with an audit firm and effectively carry out their responsibility to provide effective relevant evidence and support for their management assertions as outlined in the engagement letter. The population comprised a census sample of 9 individuals with direct involvement in the audit process within a Connecticut-based organization and its audit firm. Data collection comprised of semistructured interviews and analysis of public and internal documents. Using methodological triangulation, 5 primary themes emerged including communication, documentation, knowledge and experience, character, and procedural. The findings of this study may promote social change by enhancing knowledge of what role management can play in ensuring a high-quality audit. Improved insight to the audit process may promote investor confidence in the financial statements and economic growth through capital spending.
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Zadáková, Veronika. "Externí a interní audit v praxi." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193253.
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This thesis deals with external and internal audit in practice. It contains historical evolution and progression of internal and external audit, their functions and goals as well as risks and frauds in audit and its legislation. Significant section of this thesis focuses on working procedures in internal and external audit. These procedures are divided by audits phases. The main goal of this thesis is to transfer theoretical knowledge into practice. In the practical part there is performed fictitious internal and external audit in company Thomas Cook Ltd.
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Tomanová, Lenka. "Audit z pohledu účetní jednotky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223314.
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The goal of this master´s thesis: Audit from the Perspective of a Company” is to identify discretions and duties of a company based on the obligation to verify financial statement by the auditor. Among fundamental duties of the company belongs obligation to provide all important information for the financial statement. That´s the reason, why I chose to summarize necessary law, accounting and tax documents as a partial target of this thesis.
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Bourke, Nicola Margaret. "Are Attributes of Corporate Governance Related to the Incidence of Fraudulent Financial Reporting." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2439.
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This study investigates whether a relationship exists between fraudulent financial reporting and a variety of corporate governance attributes. Numerous high profile accounting scandals perpetuated over recent years have brought prominence to the corporate governance structure employed by US public companies. Many of these scandals involved manipulation of the financial reporting process by high level managers. It is therefore thought that a lack of effective oversight provided by the governing bodies engaged to monitor the actions of management may be at the heart of the problem. A review of prior research is used to identify the attributes of corporate governance relevant for inclusion in this study and to provide support for the posing of twenty directional hypotheses. The selected corporate governance attributes are classified into four broad categories depicting Audit Committee Functionality, Board of Director Composition, Ownership Structure, and External Auditor Factors. A matched pair research design is utilised to determine whether significant differences exist between the corporate governance attributes employed by fraud and non-fraud companies. A sample of 76 fraud companies, identified through an examination of Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases issued by the Securities Exchange Commission and drawn from a total of 223 companies examined, are tested along with an industry-size matched sample of non-fraud companies. The results of univariate paired t-tests and a conditional logistic regression equation find that statistically significant relationships do exist between a number of corporate governance attributes and fraudulent financial reporting. Specifically, the study finds that the percentage of independent directors on a company's board, the existence of a nominating committee, and the engaging of a Big6 auditor are negatively related to the incidence of fraud. Whereas, the average number of directorships held by audit committee members, the duality of the CEO and Chairman of the Board positions, and the percentage of company ownership held by outside blockholders are positively related to the incidence of fraudulent financial reporting.
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Ambrozová, Michaela. "Ověření účetní závěrky a výroční zprávy auditorem na příkladu vybraného podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192735.
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The thesis deals with the verification of the financial statements and annual reports. The aim of the thesis is to characterize the procedures that the auditor performs an audit of financial statements and describe the application of these procedures to specific financial statements of the particular company. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the concept of audit, lists its objectives, functions and legal and professional regulation. The practical part is devoted to auditing procedures, both generally and in terms of application to specific financial statements. The thesis includes annexes that contain the particular company financial statements and auditor's report.
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Mesteková, Iveta. "Spis auditora - struktura a náležitosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194672.
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My thesis deals with auditor's documents. At first, there is written about specific work of auditor and also legislation, which concerns with work of auditor. Subsequently, thesis presents main reasons and importance for leading auditor 's file. In auditor 's file, there is gathered all probative foundations, which proves process of audit in compliance with valid legislation. Practical part of thesis shows interception of audit at real client in auditor 's file. The aim is to submit total process during documentation of audit and shows organization of file, which is followed in auditor 's company.
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Ovčačík, Petr. "Srovnání auditorských postupů u dlouhodobého majetku ve vybraných společnostech." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319457.
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The master´s thesis is focused on the external audit. It is about a description of each stages and procedures for the audit of financial statements by an auditor. In the practical part, theoretical knowledge is applied to the selected corporations with focusing on audit procedures in the field of tangible and intangible fixed assets. The thesis contains descriptions of identified mistakes of each individual corporations and suggested solutions to overcome them.
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Faraj, Shamsaddeen. "An empirical investigation of the Libyan audit market : Perceptions of auditor independence and perceived reliabilty of audited financial statements." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526851.
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ISLAM, MOHAMMAD NAZRUL. "Three Essays on Financial Statement Comparability." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3760.
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Comparability is a central feature of financial reporting systems. Comparability is defined by FASB (2010, 19) as “the qualitative characteristic that enables users to identify and understand similarities in, and differences among, items.” The Accounting Principles Board ranked comparability as one of the most important objectives of financial reporting and Generally Accepted Accounting Principles have underscored the importance of comparability for the past four decades. Using empirical measures of financial statement comparability, studies confirm that comparability plays an important role in analyst following, audit fees, credit risk, acquisition decisions, stock price volatility, the cost of debt, the cost of equity, and cash holdings. This dissertation, investigates the impact of comparability on trade credit, earnings management through classification shifting, and on non-Big4 auditors. Prior studies find that comparable firms enjoy a lower cost of equity capital and a lower cost of debt. They should, therefore, require less trade credit. I also find that comparable smaller and/or financially distressed firms require less trade credit whereas they normally require higher levels of trade credit. The results presented in my first essay support this hypothesis in that comparability and trade credit are significantly negatively associated. The results presented in my second essay show that managers’ earnings management through classification shifting is significantly influenced by the degree of financial statement comparability with other firms. I also find that comparable firms engage in less classification shifting and that the impact of comparability is more pronounced after the passage of the Sarbanes Oxley Act. The results presented in my third essay show that companies audited by non-Big4 auditors are less comparable than the companies audited by Big4 auditors. Non-Big4 auditors are thus less likely to be able to apply the same audit process to multiple clients. I find that this results in greater audit effort, as proxied by higher audit fees, for Non-Big4 firms.
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Miskos, Jan. "Audit pohledávek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-224781.
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The purpose of the thesis is to propose audit procedures to verify trade receivables at chosen business subject, draw a conclusion and to propose a solution for a given issue. The first part will be dedicated to general audit description including audit history, goal assessment, and clarification of the purpose of audit of financial statements. The second part will focus on practical execution of audit with emphasize on receivables, and provision on receivables. The results of audit procedures will be commented at the end of the thesis including a solution proposal.
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Martínková, Pavla. "Audit účetní závěrky v praxi." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193965.
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The thesis deals with the audit of the financial statement. Solves the characteristics and evolution of the audit, as well as legislation under which an entity must follow when preparing financial statement. Explains which demands are placed on the person performing the audit. Explains the audit procedures from operations before accepting the order to release the auditor's report. The practical part deals with the real audit of financial statement of selected company.
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Staňková, Jaroslava. "Tvorba efektivního plánu provádění auditu účetní závěrky pro malé auditorské praxe." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-417354.
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The diploma thesis deals with the issue of audit of financial statements from the perspective of the auditor and documentation of his procedures. The first part defines the basic concepts in this area and further describes the audit procedures and proposes an effective system of audit procedures applied to selected companies.
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Kenney, Shane P. "Financial ratio analysis of audited Federal Financial Statements." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA380207.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1998.Thesis advisor(s): Moses, O. Douglas ; Liao, Shu S. "June 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 111-112). Also available online.
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Bulíčková, Andrea. "Audit účetní závěrky vybrané firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319479.
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The thesis deals with the audit of the financial statements of the selected company. In the theoretical part, there is the general knowledge about the auditing, the audit legislation, the procedure of financial statements audit and the auditing issues from the audited company's perspective. The next separate part concerns Austrian auditors. The practical part applies the selected audit procedures in the audited company and analyzes the preparation of the audited company for the audit. The proposal part contains the recommendations for the organization of accounting work within this preparation.
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Kilcommins, Mary. "Perceptions of auditor independence and the effects on the perceived reliability of financial statements in Ireland." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/df3643f3-2fef-47fe-bc53-5af53c9a0a66.
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The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of six variables on auditor independence and the reliability of financial statements as perceived within the Irish commercial environment and to explore the reasons underlying these perceptions. The six variables comprised of audit firm size, audit market competition, audit committees, audit tenure, provision of nonaudit services (NAS) and client employment. From a combination of questionnaire and interview approaches, the study sought to obtain supportable and useful insight as to the perceptions held. The approach builds on and develops previous research conducted outside the Irish market. The results of the study showed that auditor independence and the reliability of financial statements were perceived to be significantly impaired when the audit was performed by a non-Big Six firm, the audit environment was highly competitive, no audit committee existed, audit tenure was long, NAS were provided by audit personnel to audit clients, and the auditor took up an employment position with a former audit client. Some of the reasons underlying these perceptions were as follows. The importance of reputation to, and. the international profile of, the Big Six firms allowed interviewees to have greater confidence in their independence. A highly competitive audit market was perceived to impair auditor independence by encouraging auditors to cut back on the amount of audit work performed in order to maintain audit fee income. Audit committees were perceived to enhance auditor independence by reducing the power that management could exert over the auditor. Long audit tenure was perceived to impair auditor independence by encouraging auditors to become cosy in their relationships with their clients. The lack of confidence as a result of NAS provision was associated with the audit firm's dependency on such services for fee income. Client employment was perceived to provide the ex-auditor with power to influence auditor-client relationships.
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Uminská, Karolína. "Problematika poskytování auditorských služeb v České republice u malých auditorských praxí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-383565.
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In this thesis I deal with the analysis of current problems on the market of auditing services in the Czech Republic, with suggestions for their solution. The theoretical part contents analysis of the historical context of the audit, the legal regulation, e. g. International Standards on Auditing (ISAs), Czech Act on Auditors and link to other laws. This part also contents analysis of the market of auditing services focusing on small auditing companies and also description on problems connected with entering the audit profession and consequently the problems related to market regulation, evaluation and quality control of the provided auditing services. Case studies in the practical part reflects the most important problems of small auditing companies. This will be complemented by a questionnaire survey that should reveal the different points of view of the audited company, accountant and auditor on key audit issues.
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Vivas, Alexandre David. "Aplicações da DIPJ, da DIRF do DACON e das DFP em auditoria-fiscal previdenciária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-13122007-141907/.
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São inúmeros os interesses da PS - Previdência Social na DIPJ - Declaração de Informações Econômico-Fiscais da Pessoa Jurídica, na DIRF - Declaração do Imposto de Renda Retido na Fonte, no DACON - Demonstrativo de Apuração de Contribuições Sociais e nas DFP - Demonstrações Financeiras Padronizadas. Analisando apenas estes \"Instrumentos\", sem o recurso ao poder de polícia inerente ao Fisco, objetiva esta dissertação revelar pontos de interesse da PS, sendo o principal deles a remuneração por serviços prestados por pessoal próprio ou terceirizado, pessoa física ou jurídica. Para tanto, buscou-se responder a duas indagações, sendo a mais abrangente a seguinte: DIPJ, DIRF, DACON e DFP - o que revelam à Fiscalização da Previdência Social? A segunda indagação, contida na primeira, é: Numa Auditoria-fiscal previdenciária, a DIPJ, a DIRF, o DACON e as DFP revelam remunerações por serviços prestados? Assim, a metodologia adotada nesta dissertação é, baseada na Ciência Contábil e nos respectivos manuais e normas de preenchimento dos referidos Instrumentos, comentar suas linhas, seus dados e seus valores de modo a revelar o fluxo da mão-de-obra (dentre outros pontos úteis na localização e na quantificação do fato gerador de contribuições previdenciárias) que os permeia e transformando os dados que neles constam em informações que possam maximizar os recursos e os resultados de uma Auditoria-fiscal previdenciária. Para tanto, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a evidenciação contábil e seus objetivos, que visa permitir ao leitor entender o produto final da Contabilidade (suas DFP) como também foram produzidos um referencial legal e uma análise documental que visam demonstrar o potencial informativo da DIPJ, da DIRF e do DACON. Este trabalho conseguiu extrair várias aplicações previdenciárias práticas dos Instrumentos, na localização de operações de interesse da Previdência Social, passando pelo Custo dos Produtos e Serviços Vendidos, pelas Despesas com Vendas e Administrativas, pelos Estoques e pelo Imobilizado, pelos investimentos declarados na Demonstração de Origens e Aplicações de Recursos e na Demonstração do Fluxo de Caixa, pelas distribuições registradas na Demonstração do Valor Adicionado, dentre outras. As normas das declarações tributárias impõem um maior detalhamento da informação contábil, permitindo identificar mais facilmente fatos geradores de contribuições previdenciárias além da remuneração de pessoal, tais como manutenção, alimentação, serviços prestados por pessoa física, retenções e seus respectivos pedidos de restituição de 11%, comissões de vendas, dividendos e participações nos resultados. Com o detalhamento proporcionado pela DIPJ, algumas atividades econômicas como a bancária, a securitária e a imobiliária puderam ser melhor avaliadas. No que diz respeito à quantificação, em alguns casos foi possível identificar o valor da própria operação; noutros, foi possível identificar tendências e noutros, ainda, foi possível identificar vários critérios que permitem a aferição indireta (arbitramento) contábil das operações. Outras conclusões, não diretamente vinculadas ao objetivo principal deste trabalho, foram: a) A utilidade dos Instrumentos é secundária posto que nenhum deles tem como objetivo informar à Previdência Social; b) A vantagem dos Instrumentos vinculados à SRFB - Secretaria da Receita Federal do Brasil, em relação às DFP, é grande, razão pela qual sugere-se fortemente que o Fisco Previdenciário, no uso do poder de polícia, crie um novo Instrumento, ou amplie os atuais, de forma que a PS passe a ser um usuário principal, e não apenas secundário, das informações. A importância da PS para a sociedade brasileira dispensa comentários - está mais do que na hora de a mesma receber informações condizentes com o cumprimento de seus objetivos; c) A principal utilidade das DFP é permitir ao Auditor conhecer a Empresa a ser auditada, suas operações e o fluxo de sua mão-de-obra; o produto final da Contabilidade, consubstanciado nas DFP, é a base para entendimento dos demais Instrumentos. O potencial informativo dos Instrumentos não foi esgotado nesta dissertação.Brazil\'s Social Security Institute - henceforth PS, from its initials in Portuguese - has innumerous interests in the Declaration of Economic and Tax Information of Legal Entities DIPJ; the Source Income Tax Return, DIRF; the Social Contribution Calculation Demonstration, DACON; and the Standardized Financial Statements, DFP (¹). Analyzing only these tools, without recourse to the police power inherent to the Fiscal Authority, this dissertation seeks to reveal points of interest to the PS, the most important being the compensation paid for services rendered by personnel hired directly or via third parties, as individuals or as legal entities. To achieve these goals, two questions need to be answered, being the following the most comprehensive: What do the DIPJ, the DIRF, the DACON and the DFP reveal to the PS\'s Tax Auditors? The second question, enclosed in the first, is: In a social security fiscal audit, do the DIPJ, the DIRF, the DACON and the DFP disclose the compensation paid for services rendered to the entity? Thus, the methodology adopted in this dissertation, based on the accounting science and on the manuals and filing instructions of the referred tools, consists of commenting on each tool\'s respective lines, data and values, so as to uncover the flow of labor (among other points useful for the identification and quantification of the transactions that should generate social security contributions) which pervades them and transform the data they contain in information that can maximize the resources and the results of a social security fiscal audit. For this purpose, a review of the bibliography on the attainment of accounting evidence and its purposes was conducted, with the objective of allowing the reader to understand accounting\'s final product, the standardized financial statements (DFP). Similarly, a legal reference and a documentary analysis were produced with the objective of demonstrating the informational potential of the DIPJ, the DIRF, and the DACON. This work managed to extract from the referred tools several practical applications that are of interest to the PS, ranging from cost of products and services sold to selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses; from inventory to fixed assets; and from the investments declared in the statement on sources and application of funds and in the cash flow statement to the distributions recorded in the value added statement, among others. Rules applicable to the fiscal declarations under analysis require greatly detailed accounting information, facilitating the identification of transactions that generate social security contributions in addition to those related to personnel compensation, such as maintenance, meals, services rendered by individuals, source retention and the related 11% restitution, sales commissions, dividends, and profit sharing. With the details provided by the DIPJ, some economic activities such as banking, securities and real estate could be better evaluated. With respect to quantification, in some cases it was possible to identify the value of the transaction itself, in another group of cases it was possible to identify trends, while in a third group of cases it was possible to identify criteria that allowed for the indirect accounting determination of the operation. Other conclusions, not directly related to the objective of this work, were: a) The usefulness of the tools is secondary, since none of them has the objective of providing information to the PS; b) The instruments linked to the SRFB - Brazil\'s Federal Tax Authority - are of great advantage to the tax authorities when compared to the DFP. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that the PS\'s Fiscal Authority, using its police power, create a new tool or extend the existing ones, so that the PS can become a primary, rather than secondary, user of the information. The importance of the Social Security Institute (PS) for the Brazilian society is self-evident - the time has long ago arrived for the PS to receive information compatible with the discharge of its responsibilities; c) The main use of the DFP is to allow the Auditor to obtain a working knowledge about the Company to be audited, its operations and the flow of labor. Accounting\'s final product, materialized in the DFP, forms vii the basis for the understanding of the other tools. The informational potential of these tools has not been exhausted in this dissertation. (¹) The acronyms DIPJ, DIRF, and DACON come from the initials of the following documents that Brazilian Companies are required to file before Tax Authorities: Declaração de Informações Econômico-Fiscais da Pessoa Jurídica (DIPJ); Declaração do Imposto de Renda Retido na Fonte (DIRF); Demonstrativo de Apuração de Contribuições Sociais (DACON). The Demonstrações Financeiras Padronizadas (DFP) are filed before CVM (Brazilian SEC).
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Pavlova, Irina. "Ověření účetní závěrky vybraného podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199719.
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The aim of this thesis is to characterize the various procedures that the auditor performs during his work and describe the process of the financial statement and annual report audit of the particular company.
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Junák, Vladimír. "Audit účetní závěrky podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223296.
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The goal of the thesis “Audit of the financial statements in an enterprise” is to analyze methods specified by International Standards on Auditing and to apply these to a chosen enterprise. In the first part of this thesis I explain origins of an audit, I define it and clarify its elemental characteristics. The second part is dedicated to an explanation of individual audit phases and a specification of methods which are used to audit execution. In the concluding part, I apply knowledge gained in previous chapters to a practical verification of true and fair view of accounts payable of the chosen enterprise.
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Kučerová, Martina. "Audit účetní závěrky vybrané firmy se zaměřením na oblast stálých aktiv." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-383563.
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The purpose of this thesis is to prepare the audit of the financial statements of DELTA, a. s., focusing in particular on long-term assets. The selected company deals with the processing and sale of wood, and the supply of foundries and steelworks with ferro-alloys and metals. The default information for the procedure and making audit of the financial statements is the theoretical and analytical part of the thesis, which is then based in the practical part, where are applied selected audit procedures in field of long-term assets and suggested specific recommendations for the company.
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Stahn, Sérgio Paulo. "Estudo exploratório da falta de qualidade nos trabalhos de auditoria independente." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2005. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1746.
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ABSTRACT Having the objective to analyze the reasons for the lack of quality in the independent audit work, the conceptual aspects and related norms are shown as well as the quality of its practical application in the independent audit. The credibility of the independent audit depends on the making of quality work observing the norms of auditing and the professional ethic, being that, in several cases shown it was observed the lack of the independent auditor s credibility in Brazil and abroad. In Brazil, the independent auditors, in the real state market ambiance, are registered and observed by the Securities Commission (CVM) that, fulfilling its function, holding inquests into verifying irregularities in the execution of the jobs and issue of the opinion. These inquests, obtained in the site of the CVM, served as source of research to verify the reasons for the lack of quality in the auditing work made in Brazil. This analysis concluded that the lack of planning and the application of the mandatory procedures, the incomplete documentation on the jobs done and the absence of an accountancy system and internal control were in the demonstration the less kept norms. The professional auditing norms were broken, especially in relation to the fees, characterizing also the violation of the Professional Ethics Code. In this sense the lack of quality can also be explained by the agency theory, which deals with the conflict of interests of the stockholders and administrators, when the administrators subordinate the independent audit. On the other hand from the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was searched in the, United States and other countries, strengthen the control over the auditor s job as well as rescue the credibility lost in several widely broadcasted cases. In Brazil, the conjoint work of the CVM, the Federal Accounting Council, the Brazilian Central Bank and the Independent Audit Institute of Brazil (IBRACON), for the improvement of quality on the audit jobs and technical enhancement of the professionals is appointed as form of rescue of the credibility of the same. In this context are included on the continued education program, the external review of quality by the pairs, the technical qualification program, and the switching of the independent auditors, the separation of the auditing and consulting services and the internal quality control.
Com o objetivo de analisar os motivos da falta de qualidade nos trabalhos nos trabalhos de auditoria independente, apresentam-se os aspectos conceituais de auditoria e normas relacionadas, bem como de qualidade e sua aplicação prática na auditoria independente. A credibilidade dos auditores independentes depende da realização de trabalhos com qualidade, com observância das normas de auditoria e da ética profissional, sendo que, em diversos casos apresentados observou-se a perda de credibilidade de auditores independentes no Brasil e exterior. No Brasil, os auditores independentes, no âmbito do mercado de valores mobiliários, são registrados e fiscalizados pela Comissão de Valores Mobiliários - CVM que, cumprindo sua função, instaura inquéritos para apurar irregularidades na execução dos trabalhos e emissão de pareceres. Estes inquéritos, obtidos no site da CVM, serviram de fonte de pesquisa para apurar os motivos da falta de qualidade nos trabalhos de auditoria realizados no Brasil. Nesta análise concluiu-se que a falta de planejamento e de aplicação de procedimentos obrigatórios, a documentação incompleta dos trabalhos realizados e ausência de avaliação do sistema contábil e de controles internos foram as normas de auditoria das demonstrações contábeis mais infringidas. As normas profissionais de auditoria foram infringidas, principalmente em relação aos honorários, configurando também infração ao Código de Ética Profissional. Neste sentido, a falta de qualidade pode ser explicada também através da Teoria da Agência, que trata dos conflitos de interesses dos acionistas e administradores, quando a auditoria independente subordina-se aos administradores. Por outro lado, a partir da Lei Sarbanes-Oxley buscou-se, nos Estados Unidos e outros países, fortalecer o controle sobre o trabalho dos auditores, bem como resgatar a credibilidade perdida em diversos casos amplamente divulgados. No Brasil, o trabalho conjunto da Comissão de Valores Mobiliários, do Conselho Federal de Contabilidade, do Banco Central do Brasil e do Instituto dos Auditores Independentes do Brasil IBRACON, para melhoria da qualidade dos trabalhos de auditoria e aprimoramento técnico dos profissionais, é apontado como forma de resgate da credibilidade dos mesmos. Neste contexto incluem-se o programa de educação continuada, a revisão externa de qualidade pelos pares, o exame de qualificação técnica, o rodízio dos auditores independentes, a separação dos serviços de auditoria e consultoria e o controle interno de qualidade.
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Campelo, Aldeir de Lima. "As responsabilidades legais dos auditores independentes no Brasil e seu monitoramento perante os órgãos reguladores." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1762.
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Previous issue date: 2010-04-26The independent audit activity can exclusively be performed by accountants who conduct the investigation of the financial statements of listed companies, as well as large companies, as defined by article 3º of Law 11.638/2007, even if such large companies are not listed. In order to exercise such activity the accountants are required to be registered in the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission as well as in the Regional Accounting Council of their jurisdiction. All professional activities require involvement, commitment and mainly responsibility in its practice and such responsibility may vary according to the implications from their work. Independent auditors also follow this rule and due to the relevance of their services, must be totally reliable. Based on these aspects, the goal of this study is mainly to identify the legal responsibilities of independent auditors in Brazil through the verification if such liabilities are being monitored by regulators and how this monitoring is performed. Therefore, the study presents the development of independent audit activity in Brazil, the conceptual aspects, genres, as well as financial statements, generally accepted auditing standards and professional standards. This is a study with a methodology based on the review of theoretical literature and also in research of the explanatory-descriptive. Regulators presented in the research are the Federal Accounting Council, the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission and the Brazilian Central Bank. These three regulatory agencies have designated a person to answer the questionnaire prepared for this purpose, with open questions. The responses of the regulators, in conjunction with the theory study, since the initial development to the results, present a study that meets its objective, and provides credibility to the reader
A prática de auditoria independente é de exercício exclusivo do contador que, para realizar o exame das demonstrações contábeis de sociedades por ações, bem como, às sociedades de grande porte, ainda que não constituídas sob a forma de sociedades por ações, conforme previsto no artigo 3º da Lei nº 11.638/2007, tem como necessário o seu registro na Comissão de Valores Mobiliários além do registro no Conselho Regional de Contabilidade da jurisdição do contador. Todas atividades profissionais exigem envolvimento, compromisso e principalmente responsabilidade em seu exercício e essa responsabilidade pode variar de acordo com as repercussões que sobrevêm do seu trabalho. Os auditores independentes seguem essa regra e que devido à relevância dos seus serviços prestados, devem total confiabilidade à sociedade. Com base nesses aspectos, este estudo objetiva, preponderantemente, identificar as responsabilidades legais dos auditores independentes no Brasil pela verificação se tais responsabilidades são monitoradas pelos órgãos reguladores da profissão e como se dá esse monitoramento. Para tanto, o estudo apresenta a evolução da atividade de auditoria independente no Brasil, os aspectos conceituais, os gêneros, bem como, trata das demonstrações contábeis, das normas de auditoria das demonstrações contábeis e das normas profissionais da atividade. Trata-se de um estudo com metodologia focada teoricamente na revisão da literatura e também em pesquisa do tipo exploratório-descritiva. Os órgãos reguladores apresentados na pesquisa são o Conselho Federal de Contabilidade, a Comissão de Valores Imobiliários e o Banco Central. Os três órgãos designaram um responsável para ser o respondente do questionário elaborado para este fim, com questões abertas. As respostas dos órgãos, em comunhão com a teoria estudada, desde o desenvolvimento inicial até os resultados obtidos, apresentam um estudo que atende ao proposto, bem como oferece credibilidade ao leitor
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Šašková, Lucie. "Audit účetní závěrky vybraného podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10465.
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The aim of this thesis is clarification of the importace of financial statement audit, characterization of the auditor's procedure and presentation of a possible fulfillment of these theoretical outputs based on the financial statement audit of a real company.
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Al-Qarni, Ahmed Abdulqader. "The audit expectations gap in Saudi Arabia : perceptions of auditors, preparers and financial statement users." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428274.
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Ackerman, Christo. "Internal auditors perceptions of the impact of control elements on internal control systems." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1008158.
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The objective of this research report was to determine which internal controls are perceived, by internal auditors, to be contributing to the effectiveness of an internal control structure. The Committee for Sponsoring Organisations (COSO) integrated internal control framework was used as a basis for the questionnaire construction and respondents were asked to rate the perceived control effectiveness of each of the components of internal control. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the basic meaning of the data. The questionnaire was completed by following a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) which was sent to two internal auditors in audit firms. Thirty one responses were obtained; all the respondents have experience in the evaluation and assessment of internal control systems. This research showed that control elements as outlined in COSOs integrated internal control framework, if implemented, could contribute to the effectiveness of the internal control system.
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Kořistka, Martin. "Cíle a úprava auditu při ověřování účetní závěrky v praxi." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76349.
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Goals of this thesis are following: Explanation of audit framework in the Czech republic and practical example of verification od financial statements. The thesis explains basic definition and historical development of audit profession. The thesis explains international harmonisation of audit, mainly focused on International standards on auditing and Direction 2006/43/ES. It is also devoted to legal and professional framework mainly focused on law number 93/2009, Chamber of auditors of the Czech republic and Ethical codex. Finally, the thesis shows practicle example of verification of financial statements. The fourth phase of the audit process is demonstrated on the ABC, a.s.
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Šimůnková, Andrea. "Ověření účetní závěrky auditorem ve vybraném podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75953.
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The aim of this thesis is to analyse auditing methods, which are specified in International Standards on Auditing - ISAs, and consequently apply some of these theoretical outputs to the financial statement of a real company.
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Mikšovská, Lenka. "Audit výroční zprávy (komparace ve vybraných podnicích)." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-75920.
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The goal of the submitted thesis "Audit of the annual report (comparison of the selected companies)" is to introduce the process of the audit of the annual report. I have compared the annual reports of selected companies because of the considerable differences between the annual reports prepared by the individual companies. At first I have analysed the each annual report of selected company in terms content and presentation and in the final part I have assessed gained knowledge.
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Mat, Zain Mazlina, and n/a. "The Impact of Audit Committee and Internal Audit Attributes on Internal Audit Contribution to Financial Statement Audits and Audit Fees: Perceptions of Malaysian Internal Auditors." Griffith University. Griffith Business School, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060814.111202.
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This thesis has two (2) broad objectives. The first objective is to test the impact of audit committee and internal audit (IA) function characteristics on IA contribution to the financial statement audit. The second objective is to investigate whether a negative association exists between IA contribution to the financial statement audit and audit fees. The study is conducted in a Malaysian context and focuses on the perspectives of internal auditors. There are a number of motivations for the study. In particular, previous studies have not addressed the need for a better understanding of how corporate governance mechanisms such as audit committee and IA unit attributes may affect IA contribution to the financial statement audit. Also, the results of prior studies on the link between IA contribution to the financial statement audit and audit fees are mixed and inconclusive. Furthermore, there is limited empirical evidence in this area from emerging economy countries, with relatively less developed capital markets such as Malaysia. The underlying theme throughout this thesis is that corporate governance mechanisms i.e., audit committee and IA characteristics have the potential to affect the efficiency of the IA unit thus leading to greater contribution of IA to financial statement audits. Specifically, the thesis argues that certain characteristics of audit committees such as the independence of audit committee members from the management, audit committee members' experience and knowledge in accounting, auditing and finance and their level of interactions with the chief internal auditor have the potential to increase the contribution of IA work to financial statement audits. Likewise, it is also postulated that characteristics of the IA function such as their size and prior experience of their staff in auditing are likely to improve the level of efficiency and hence, encourage greater contribution of IA to the external audit work. Finally, due to the saturation of the audit services market coupled with significant competition among public accounting firms, it is also predicted that the contribution of IA work is increasingly viewed as a potential means of improving external audit efficiency (i.e. by reducing time and effort), leading to lower audit fees. Seven (7) hypotheses are tested in this study based on Malaysian data during 2003. Data collection adopted a multi approach with three (3) key sources of data: a questionnaires survey, in-depth interviews and publicly available data from annual reports. The data collection process involved a mail survey addressed to the chief internal auditors of companies listed on the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE) Main Board. Five-hundred and two questionnaires (502) were mailed and a total of 101 (20.03%) responses were returned, of which 76 (17.9%) were useable. In addition, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 chief internal auditors selected from various industries which were also listed on the KLSE Main Board. Finally, publicly available data from annual reports were utilized. The study makes a number of contributions. First, it provides empirical evidence on the impact of audit committee characteristics on IA contribution to financial statement audits. In particular, the study supports a positive relationship between IA contribution to the financial statement audit and three (3) dimensions of audit committee characteristics namely the proportion of independent audit committee members, the extent of audit committee members' experience and knowledge in auditing, accounting and finance, and the frequency of meetings between the chief internal auditor and the audit committee. This suggests that a high proportion of independent audit committee members with experience and knowledge in accounting, auditing and finance is able to enhance the efficacy of the IA function and thus, encourages external auditors to rely more on the IA function. The results support the earlier predictions that more frequent meetings conducted between audit committees and the chief internal auditor leads to higher extent of IA contribution to the financial statement audit. Further, findings of this study also provides support for the positive relationship between the characteristics of the IA function, namely the size of the IA function and the proportion of staff with prior experience in auditing and IA contribution to the financial statement audit. The results suggest that internal auditors contribute more to the financial statement audit when the size of the IA function is larger and when the proportion of IA staff with prior experience in auditing is higher. Finally, the second model tests for a negative relationship between IA contribution to the financial statement audit and audit fees. However, the results did not yield a significant relationship between these two variables. Further clarifications for this result were derived from the interviews with the chief internal auditors. Specifically, it appears that any saving in time and effort due to the contribution of IA to financial statement audits may possibly be used by external auditors to expand their investigations into other more complex areas that require greater attention from them. Other findings from the interviews also suggest that audit committees play an important role as communication facilitators between the IA staff and management, especially by providing a candid forum for IA staff to express their opinions as well as supporting IA staff's recommendations based on their findings during audit investigations. Further, the leadership role of the audit committee also tends to assist the internal auditors to better communicate with management and to ensure that management will act upon the internal auditor's recommendations. In conclusion, the findings may have some implications for regulators and others concerned with establishing guidelines and listing rules pertaining to audit committee effectiveness especially in developing countries. Furthermore, this study also contributes to the literature on how an IA unit's resourcing has implications for IA contribution to the financial statement audit. While the current professional standards (i.e., ISA 610, SAS 65, and AUS 604) view IA as a substitute for external audit, such professional standards also require external auditors to evaluate the quality of IA unit before relying on the work of IA or accept the contribution of IA to the financial statement audit. As such, this study provides evidence on the potential impact that audit committees and IA units may have on such contribution of IA to the financial statement audit.
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Miskosová, Lenka. "Audit účetní závěrky vybrané firmy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-224509.
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The main goal of the thesis is to provide its readers information about external audit and describe individual phases and audit procedures of auditing the financial statements. The practical part of the thesis is then focused on application of theoretical knowledge on practical example. Audit is performed for area of long-term tangible and intangible assets in the selected company. The conclusion of the thesis includes deficiencies identified during the audit and proposed solutions of these deficiencies.
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Pernica, Ivo. "Audit majetku vybraného podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241398.
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The thesis is focused on the audit of the financial statements especially to the part of assets. The theoretical part describes the general characteristics of the audit, specifies selected areas of financial statement audit and defines accounting issues of fixed assets and inventory. The second part describes application process of auditing activities in a field of assets in a particular company. From the identified deficiencies are suggested recommendations which are focused to inventory valuation and depreciation of fixed assets.
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Cumpa, Rivera Karen Giovanna, and Gomez Angie Paola Yepez. "El proceso del control interno y su impacto en la rentabilidad en los estados financieros de las medianas empresas del sector de fabricación de productos metálicos en Villa el Salvador, al 2019." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652525.
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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar que la aplicación de procesos de control interno tiene un impacto significativo en la rentabilidad en los estados financieros de las medianas empresas del sector de fabricación de productos metálicos en Villa el Salvador, al 2019.
Para el desarrollo del presente trabajo de investigación, se realizó una metodología de tipo mixta, es decir, investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa. Para la investigación cuantitativa se utilizó la encuesta como procedimiento para la recopilación de información de 20 medianas empresas ubicadas en el distrito de Villa el Salvador. Asimismo, para la investigación cualitativa, se realizó 3 entrevistas a empresas que cuentan con más de 20 años en el sector y 3 entrevistas a auditores quienes cuentan con experiencia en el rubro de manufacturas metalmecánica.
Por otro lado, se realizó un caso aplicativo donde se procede a evaluar si el proceso del control interno tiene un impacto significativo en la rentabilidad en los estados financieros de las medianas empresas del sector de fabricación de productos metálicos en Villa el Salvador. Los resultados obtenidos de la investigación evidencian que solo existe un impacto significativo al implementar controles internos en la rentabilidad en los estados financieros de las medianas empresas del sector de fabricación de productos metálicos en Villa el Salvador.
Finalmente, basado en el trabajo de campo y los resultados analizados se concluye que para las empresas del sector en estudio no tiene un impacto significativo aplicar procesos de control para incrementar su rentabilidad.The purpose of this research is to demonstrate that the application of internal control processes has a significant impact on profitability in the financial statements of medium-sized companies in the metal products manufacturing sector in Villa el Salvador, as of 2019. For the development of this research work, a mixed methodology was carried out, that is, qualitative and quantitative research. For the quantitative research, the survey was used as a procedure to collect information from 20 medium-sized companies located in the Villa El Salvador district. Likewise, for the qualitative research, 3 interviews were conducted with companies that have more than 20 years in the sector and 3 interviews with auditors who have experience in the field of metal-mechanical manufacturing. On the other hand, an application case was carried out where it is evaluated whether the internal control process has a significant impact on the profitability in the financial statements of the medium-sized companies in the metal products manufacturing sector in Villa El Salvador. The results obtained from the investigation show that there is only a significant impact when implementing internal controls on profitability in the financial statements of medium-sized companies in the metal products manufacturing sector in Villa El Salvador. Finally, based on the field work and the analyzed results, it is concluded that for the companies in the sector under study, it does not have a significant impact to apply control processes to increase their profitability.
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Antunes, Jerônimo. "Contribuição ao estudo da avaliação de risco e controles internos na auditoria de demonstrações contábeis no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-25012005-164416/.
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O risco de emitir uma opinião tecnicamente incorreta sobre demonstrações contábeis é a preocupação fundamental dos auditores independentes no Brasil e no mundo. Para cercar-se de condições que lhes assegurem um julgamento confiável e adequado sobre o objeto de seus trabalhos, os auditores independentes aplicam diversos procedimentos técnicos, em busca de evidências claras, precisas e suficientes. Dentre tais procedimentos, destaca-se, pela relevância, o estudo, conhecimento e avaliação dos procedimentos de controle interno da empresa auditada. Os procedimentos empregados pelos auditores para avaliação dos sistemas de controles internos e dos riscos de auditoria das demonstrações contábeis assumem papel preponderante, uma vez que determinam a natureza, extensão e a oportunidade da realização de todos os demais exames de auditoria. Esta tecnologia de auditoria, para permitir análise e julgamento quanto à consecução dos seus objetivos, deve ser aplicada de forma ordenada e sistematizada, através de uma metodologia de trabalho. Quais são as normas brasileiras e internacionais que orientam ou regulam esta matéria? Quem são os organismos normatizadores? Qual a profundidade e eficácia destas normas brasileiras, em comparação com as internacionais? O que os auditores independentes brasileiros têm disponível como guia em seus trabalhos, para avaliação de risco e controles internos? Este trabalho pesquisa as possíveis respostas a tais questões, acrescentando elementos que podem contribuir para um melhor entendimento, tais como: as definições e conceitos dos termos empregados, os motivos que definem a necessidade de avaliação do risco e quais controles internos são relevantes neste processo. Apresenta, ainda, de forma resumida, a metodologia de trabalho utilizada por duas empresas de auditoria atuantes nos mercados profissionais internacional e brasileiro para o assunto em tela, finalizando com a tentativa de mostrar um aparente conflito entre a teoria (normas) e a prática de auditoria (métodos de trabalho), em três casos recentes de insucessos empresariais no setor bancário ocorridos no Brasil e que guardam alguma relação com questões de controle interno e da auditoria dos mesmos.The risk to render a technically incorrect opinion on financial statements is the main concern of independent auditors in Brazil and in the world. In order to ensure that they have managed to control all conditions necessary to forming a reliable and adequate judgement on the object of their work, independent auditors apply several technical procedures looking for clear, precise and sufficient evidence. Among such procedures it must be noted, due to its relevance, the study, knowledge and evaluation of the internal control procedures of the audited entity. The audit procedures carried out by the independent auditors in their evaluation of the internal control systems and of the audit risks underlying the financial statements play a key role in determining the nature, scope and opportunity of all other audit procedures. This audit technology, in order to permit proper analysis and judgement of the results it produces, must be oriented and supported by standards. On the other hand, in order to make it effective, it must be applied in an orderly and systematic manner, which may be achieved through an adequate methodology. Which are the Brazilian and international audit standards that orient or rule this matter? Who are the standard setters? How deep and effective are the Brazilian standards when compared to the international ones? What guidance is available to the Brazilian independent auditors in terms of risk and internal control evaluation? The present study researches the possible answers to such questions, adding elements that may contribute to a better understanding of the related issues, such as: definitions and concepts of key terms employed, the reasons that define the need to evaluate risk and which internal controls are relevant in this process. The study goes further and presents, in a summarized form, the audit methodologies used by two audit firms that are active in the professional Brazilian and international markets, as they relate to the subject under discussion. This work finalizes with the attempt to show an apparent conflict between theory (standards) and practice (method of work) in three recent cases of business failures in the Brazilian banking sector, which keep close relation with questions of internal control and its audit.
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Bleibtreu, Christopher [Verfasser]. "Audit Market Regulation, Supplier Concentration, and the Quality of Audited Financial Statements / Christopher Bleibtreu." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1026847133/34.
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Vermeer, Thomas E. (Thomas Edward). "Auditor's Reporting Practices for an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern: The Impact of SAS no. 59." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935723/.
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This study examines whether the probability of a firm receiving a going concern modified report or a standard audit report with note disclosure of a going concern uncertainty has increased after the issuance of SAS No. 59. This study also examines whether the probability of a firm having no reference to a going concern uncertainty in its audit report or the financial statement notes has decreased after the issuance of SAS No. 59. The findings provide support for the hypotheses that a firm has a higher probability of receiving a standard audit report with note disclosure of a going concern ('J uncertainty and a lower probability of receiving no reference to a going concern uncertainty in the audit report or the financial statement notes after the issuance of SAS No. 59. However, this study finds no support for the hypothesis that a firm has a higher probability of receiving a going concern modified report after the issuance of SAS No. 59. The findings of this study suggest that the Auditing Standards Board, the government, and the accounting profession should consider the impact of SAS No. 59 on the presence of note disclosure when assessing the success or failure of SAS No. 59 in decreasing the so-called audit expectation gap.
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Forgi, Renato de. "Qualidade da informação contábil-financeira: estudo sobre as observações relacionadas às demonstrações contábeis contidas nos relatórios de auditoria das principais empresas concessionárias brasileiras de água e esgoto." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20268.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
The research described in this work had as main objective to make a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the independent audit reports of the Mixed Economy Societies working in the water and sewage segment with State control in the years of 2012 to 2015. The methodology is exploratory, quantitative and Qualitative, through the technique of content analysis based on the accounting information published in the official journal, sent to the CVM - Comissão de Valores Mobiliários or available on the website. The result of this research allowed to identify the main notes of 20 companies of the sample, in the period of 2012 to 2015, resulting in 171 notes. It was observed that 8 demonstrations presented a critical quality level, representing 11.2% of the total analyzed and that 23 statements presented qualified opinions, and there may also be an indication of impairment of the accounting quality of these statements, corresponding to 32% of the analyzed statements. It was also observed that 40 accounting statements (56.3%) did not present any qualifications, and could indicate a satisfactory level of accounting compliance of the statements of this segment
A pesquisa descrita neste trabalho teve como objetivo principal fazer uma análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos relatórios de auditoria independente das Sociedades de Economia Mistas atuantes no segmento de água e de esgotos com controle Estadual nos anos de 2012 a 2015. A metodologia é exploratória, quantitativa e qualitativa, por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo baseado nas informações contábeis publicadas em diário oficial, enviadas à CVM – Comissão de valores Mobiliários ou disponíveis no site. O resultado da referida pesquisa permitiu identificar os principais apontamentos de 20 empresas da amostra, no período de 2012 a 2015, resultando em 171 apontamentos. Foi observado que 8 demonstrações apresentaram nível crítico de qualidade, representando 11,2% do total analisado e que 23 demonstrações apresentaram opiniões com ressalva, podendo haver também um indício de comprometimento da qualidade contábil dessas demonstrações, correspondendo a 32% das demonstrações analisadas. Foi observado, ainda, que 40 demonstrações contábeis (56,3%), não apresentaram ressalvas, podendo sinalizar um nível satisfatório de conformidade contábil das demonstrações desse segmento
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Kipp, Peter. "The Effect of Expanded Audit Report Disclosures on Users’ Confidence in the Audit and the Financial Statements." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6718.
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I investigate how nonprofessional investors’ confidence in the financial statements and the audit report is influenced by the firm specific details of a critical audit matter (CAM) disclosure in conjunction with the description of the audit procedures engaged to address the CAM in the audit report. Using participants recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk as a proxy for nonprofessional investors in a 2x2 +1 (control) between-participants experiment manipulating CAM disclosure detail (Detailed/Generic) and the description of the audit procedures engaged to address the CAM (Detail/Generic) I find that greater detail in the description of the CAM results in higher confidence in the accuracy and reliability of the financial statements than a generic description of the CAM, consistent with boundary condition of Support Theory. Further, I find that greater detail in the description of the related audit procedures engaged to address the CAM increases nonprofessional investors’ perceptions of audit quality. Evidence of an effect of CAM and audit procedure disclosure language on investment judgments is also presented. These results have implications for researchers, practitioners, and regulators to carefully consider the language used to disclose CAMs in the auditor’s report.
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Kujinga, Benjamin Tanyaradzwa. "The auditor's duty of reasonable care and skill and the expectation to detect fraud." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/104.
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Auditors perform a very important task within the context of the affairs of a company because financial reporting can only serve its purpose if stakeholders can rely on its accuracy and reliability. An auditor’s duty is to opine whether an entity’s financial reporting has been done according to the requirements of the law. The responsibility of reporting according to the law lies with an entity’s directors. Auditors cannot issue an absolute assurance as to the lawfulness and reliability of an entity’s financial reporting. However when it is subsequently discovered that the financial reporting was incorrect and that fraud has occurred auditors are often blamed and sued for enormous amounts of money for failing to detect material anomalies in the financial reports. These actions are based on the fact that auditors have a duty to exercise reasonable care and skill in the performance of their duties and through their failure to act as such, have caused financial harm to the clients or third parties. The fact that auditors are only required by law to exercise reasonable care and skill and perform an audit according to the standards of the reasonable auditor and not the most meticulous one, is often not regarded or is sometimes deliberately ignored. This clearly represents a problem in our law, namely that the presence of fraud in financial reports does not in itself suggest negligence on the part of the auditor but is apparently often perceived to do so. This research shows that the auditor’s duty of reasonable care and skill does not necessarily entail the duty to detect fraud. The elements of the duty of reasonable care and skill are identified from case law, legislation and international auditing standards. In order to limit the liability of auditors in general it is important to focus also on the elements of fault (negligence), wrongfulness and causation. This research shows that negligence cannot be established merely by the presence of fraud or material misstatements in financial statements. The responsibility for fair financial reporting lies with the directors. This research gives prominence to this fact which often seems to be ignored for convenience and in order to place the blame on the auditors. This research implicitly asks the question, why are auditors being held responsible for material misstatements in a company’s financial statements and not the directors? Guidelines for determining the extent of an auditor’s liability in this regard are formulated in this research.
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Kováč, Tomáš. "Testy vybraných položek účetní závěrky z pohledu auditora." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193110.
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Topic of this master's thesis is testing of selected items of financial statements from the auditor's perspective. Thesis is divided into 4 main chapters. The first three are methodological where the first of them describes characteristics of auditing as such, its meaning, functions, purpose and object. It also explains a role of the auditor, their job description, competence, responsibility and subsequently describes The Chamber of Auditors of the Czech Republic. The second chapter analyses legal regulations of the audit, ie. laws, regulations and standards that effect both the accounting and the audit. The third and final theoretical chapter describes the methodology and steps of the audit and all the activities that audit involves. The fourth, practical chapter includes explained methodology on selected financial statement items such as tangible and intangible fixed assets, personnel expenses, short-term financial assets, inventory, receivables, equity, reserve fund, revenues and expenses related to their own production and production margin.
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Ryšavý, Jan. "Vybrané auditorské postupy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72832.
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Diploma thesis is focused on analysis of selected audit procedures. Theoretical definition of conditions for statutory audit and necessary requirements according to standards on auditing are featured in the thesis. It analyses audit risks and the concept of materiality during audit. Descriptions of audit procedures are focused on cash and cash equivalents, property, payroll expenses, equity, accounts receivable, accounts payable and physical inventory inspection.
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Achilles, Wendy Walston. "An Experimental Analysis of the Impact of Goal Orientation, Ethical Orientation, and Personality Traits on Managers' And Accountants' Abilities to Recognize Misappropriation of Assets." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/699.
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This study examines the impact of knowledge, experience, goal orientation, ethical orientation, and personality traits on managers' and accountants' abilities to recognize misappropriation of assets. Participants included students and professionals. The student group included upper-level accounting majors and upper-level management majors. The professional group included students enrolled in an introductory accounting course for their MBA program and internal auditors from a variety of organizations. Findings in the study show that accounting students assessed the possibility that fraud was in progress at a higher level than the management students, suggesting that the accounting students acquire basic knowledge about fraud from the accounting curriculum, which improves performance. The effect of reading articles was marginally significant for assessing the possibility of fraud, showing that students who have read or who are required to read articles better identify the clues associated with employee theft. For the professional group, the effects of academic major and fraud specific training led to identifying the possibility of employee theft at a higher level. It appears that training sessions help professionals in identifying the risk factors associated with fraudulent activity, producing benefits to organizations that far outweigh the costs. Full-time work experience was marginally significant (p Several findings of the additional analysis using structural equation modeling extend the audit decision making literature by showing certain factors that enhance knowledge and improve decision making as experience increases. Higher learning goal orientation scores, mediated by experience and ethical position, should lead to more accurate identification of risk factors that are commonly associated with fraudulent activity. These findings should encourage firms to draw upon the knowledge of experts as they develop expert decision aids and training sessions for internal audit departments. Organizations should also integrate actual instances of misappropriation of assets into training sessions on fraud prevention and detection while developing and improving models of training sessions and expert decision aids for unstructured, complex tasks.
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Siváková, Denisa. "Audit účetní závěrky se zaměřením na testování vybraných položek účetních výkazů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-205769.
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Topic of this diploma thesis is auditing selected items of financial statements. The basis of the work consists of theoretical introduction of auditing principles, definition of key concepts but also regulatory frameworks according to the Czech legislation and audit procedures in particular. This theoretical part is then followed by the practical part of the thesis focusing on demonstration of audit procedures during the audit of selected items of financial statements of a fictitious company. In this part the theoretical basis is linked with audit practice. Audit procedures described in the thesis form a necessary part of audit work leading to issuing of an audit opinion on whether the financial statements give a true
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Málek, Jan. "Ověření účetní závěrky a výroční zprávy ve vybraném podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150088.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is verification of the financial statement and annual report in a specifically selected company. The application part follows the theoretical characterization of the latest auditing procedures, legislative and other adjustements in the Czech republic. Firstly the thesis is focused on the theoretical solution concerning the audit of the financial statement and annual report. In the first chapter are characterised the most important terms relating to the auditing such as subject and objective of audit, users of accounting information or qualities and qualifications of auditor. The next part concludes legal and professional background of auditing in the Czech republic. Major part of the theoretical section consists of the latest attitude to the auditing procedures of verification of the financial statement and annual report. There is also a description of the auditing process according to a methodical manual. The last and the most crucial part of the thesis consists of a practical application of auditing procedures of verificaion of the financial statement and annual report in a selected company. A subchapter receiving the most attention is Realization of auditing procedures that is based on analysis of the particular part of assets, liabilities, costs and profits.
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Moraes, Ian Monteiro de. "Diferenças de expectativas em auditorias independentes: estudo comparativo sobre expectation gap, em cenário globalizado." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4361.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorO presente estudo objetiva analisar as características das diferenças de expectativas entre o público geral e os auditores independentes, no que diz respeito às demonstrações contábeis. Para isso, incorreu-se em uma pesquisa de artigos científicos em que os autores investigam o problema, cada um em determinado país, e as causas de sua ocorrência. Essa análise da literatura permitiu verificar as similaridades e sugestões para reduzir o fenômeno, em cenário globalizado, e compará-las. Os principais achados demonstram que, de maneira geral, os problemas são globalmente relacionados, assim como as sugestões, e que se torna essencial medidas para amenizar o problema. Tanto os auditores independentes quanto os usuários das demonstrações contábeis tem conhecimento da existência dessa diferença de expectativa, sendo uma ameaça para o bom andamento de uma economia capitalista o desconforto dos usuários caso ocorra à manutenção dessa diferença de expectativa. Dessa maneira, uma mudança na estrutura do cenário atual das empresas de auditoria independente torna-se fundamental.
The purpose of this study is to analyze fairness of expectations gap between the public and independent auditors regarding the financial statements. A articles survey was provided to support this study, which the authors investigate the matters, each in a given country, and the causes of its occurrence. This literature review has shown the similarities and suggestions to reduce the phenomenon. The main results show that, in general matter, the expectation gap really exist globally, as well as suggestions and measures to mitigate such issues become essential. The existence of the differences in expectation is already known by independent auditors and public users of financial statements. For this fact, the discomfort for the users caused by the maintenance of these differences may be a threat to the capitalist economy ongoing. Therefore, a change in the actual scenario of the independent audit firms and auditors behavior is fundamental.
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Věžník, Marek. "Testy věcné správnosti v auditu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162264.
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The statutory auditor is required to submit an independent professional opinion about whether the financial statements give a true and fair view of the financial situation of the company and whether the financial statements are prepared in accordance with applicable accounting standards. Auditor reinforces credibility of information included in financial statements. External users are then able to make reasonable economic decisions based on those financial statements. Auditor performs many activities during audit and substantive procedures are one of them. Substantive procedures are tests of account balances and transactions that auditor performs to obtain information about the completeness, accuracy and relevance of the financial records. The goal of the theoretical part of the thesis is to describe the development of the audit profession, applicable legal and ethical standards regulating the audit profession and describe all the stages of the audit process. The goal of the practical part is to describe and audit of fictional manufacturing company with a focus on substantive procedures that the auditor performs on tangible and intangible assets.
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Costa, Marisa Sofia Morgado. "Materialidade em auditoria e as expectativas dos utentes das demonstrações financeiras." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/2802.
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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisO presente estudo, pretende analisar se o julgamento do conceito de materialidade entre os auditores e os utilizadores das demonstrações financeiras é similar e, se as características destes dois grupos influenciam o seu julgamento. Baseado em dados obtidos através de um inquérito junto dos auditores e analistas de crédito, os resultados do nosso estudo sugerem que o nível médio da materialidade indicada pelos analistas de crédito é claramente superior ao manifestado pelos ROC's. Esta situação tem reflexos na auditoria porque quanto menor for a materialidade mais prova terá que o auditor recolher para suportar a sua opinião. Consequentemente ao ser mais minucioso, o auditor consegue reforçar a sua imagem de agente de credibilização da informação financeira e mitigar alguns problemas de agência. No entanto é de realçar que os auditores das Big 4 definiram a materialidade a níveis bastante inferiores aos das restantes SROC's. No que concerne à dimensão qualitativa da materialidade, existe uma discordância entre os dois grupos sobre a relevância de uma distorção que causaria uma redução nos resultados futuros. Constatando-se que foram os auditores a demonstrarem uma menor sensibilidade, o que reflecte uma menor preocupação para factos que afectam a rendibilidade do negócio. De acordo com as normas de auditoria, ISA 315, essas situações devem ser objecto de conhecimento na fase de planeamento de auditoria. Este resultado, pode levar ao surgimento de algumas dúvidas sobre se o relatório do auditor de facto vai ao encontro de todas as necessidades e interesses dos seus utilizadores. Por último, os resultados obtidos evidenciam, salvo raras excepções, que não existe uma relação de dependência entre a consideração da materialidade de determinada distorção e as características dos inquiridos, como a idade, sexo e experiência profissional.
This study aims to analyze whether the judgment of the concept of materiality between auditors and users of financial statements is similar and, if the characteristics of these two groups influence the judgment. Based on data obtained from a survey, our study suggests that the average level of materiality indicated by Portuguese credit analysts is clearly higher than expressed by the Portuguese auditors. This situation has an impact on the audit because with lower materiality, more evidence the auditor will need to gather to support his/her opinion. Therefore being more thorough, the auditor can enhance its image as an agent of credibility of financial reporting and mitigate some agency problems. Additionally, the materiality as defined by the Big 4 is much lower compared to other audit firms. Regarding the qualitative aspects of materiality, there is a disagreement between the two groups about the relevance of a misstatement that would cause a reduction in future earnings. Auditors showed a lower sensitivity. In accordance with ISA 315 such situations must be knowledge in the planning stage of audit. This result may create some doubt about whether the auditor's report meets all the needs and interests of its users. Finally, the results show, with few exceptions, there is no dependency relationship between the consideration of the materiality of a particular misstatement and the characteristics of respondents, such as age, gender and work experience.
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Šiovič, Michal. "Finančný audit - vybrané metódy a postupy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-11364.
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This diploma work deals with Continuous audit of financial statements. The goal of this work is to describe chosen methods and procedures of this kind of audit. The first part of the text belongs to the description of laws and rules accordind to financial accounting and financial audit. Procedures and methods used in financial audit are described in the second part of the text. I was able to gain such a knowledge of these procedures and methods while working as an assistant of financial auditor in Cyech Republic. This work should be useful for anyone who is thinking about becoming a financial auditor, or an assistant.
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Kmoch, Štěpán. "Uživatelská rizika auditovaných účetních závěrek." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72750.
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The financial statements represent a comprehensive and standardized document including financial information about the company. The companies need to publish this document in the Collection of Deeds, and since the documents are submitted to the Collection of Deeds in electronic form and are subsequently freely available, any financial statements are generally available to a wide range of potential users. Users of the financial statements can be divided based on their relation to the financial statements and based on level of their knowledge of accounting. The confidence of users in information disclosed in the financial statements is higher, in case the financial statements were subject to audit. The user of the financial statements does not have a possibility of detailed verification of the information presented in it (he cannot inquire the management of the company, inspect the original accounting documents, etc.). In this case, the audit represents ensuring correctness of the information presented in the financial statements and also assurance that the financial statements were subject to the independent verification. These facts enhance the degree of confidence of intended users in the financial statements and this is also the purpose of an audit as defined by the International Standards on Auditing. In accordance with the International Standards on Auditing the auditor expects that the user of the financial statements has reasonable knowledge of accounting and is willing to study the financial statements with reasonable effort. Auditor performs his testing based on certain materiality level that does not have to agree to the materiality level of the user. The risk represents in this case the situation, when the materiality level of the user is lower than the materiality level determined by the auditor. The user of the financial statements has limited possibilities to verify the information in it, however, he is able to verify the link among information presented in different parts of the financial statements and confront the financial statements with other relevant information available. My dissertation consists from theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part, there are possible verifications described that can be performed by the user of the financial statements and in the practical part, there are the mentioned procedures applied to financial statements of four domestic companies. The subject of my research was financial statements for the years 2006 to 2009. The aim was not only the identification of the risks in the financial statements from the users' point of view, but also monitoring of the development of financial statements in time. The subject of the dissertation was also the verification of the formal correctness of audit reports issued to the selected financial statements (I am registered as Czech statutory auditor by the Chamber of Auditors of the Czech Republic and therefore I am able to perform this verification). The subject of the dissertation was not the verification of the factual correctness of the audit report, this verification is in principle not possible without possibility to look into the audit file. During analysis of selected financial statements I have identified several areas that represent risk of misstatement in the financial statements from the users' point of view. It related mainly to going concern issues, issues relating to completeness of reserves and provisions and risk of possible overvaluation of finance investments and related receivables to subsidiaries. The user of the financial statements should for his better understanding therefore look for other information relating to the company from freely available resources and perform comparison with financial statements of other companies in the same industry. The risks mentioned above were not sufficiently commented in the notes to the financial statements and that subsequently gives a rise to questions on financial statements users' side and lowers his confidence in information presented in the financial statements. I think that there is a change in the audit approach necessary, it should not be enough just that the financial statements are free from material misstatement; the financial statements should not give a rise to additional questions from their users.
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Špetová, Aneta. "Ověření účetní závěrky a výroční zprávy vybraného podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197687.
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The thesis deals with the verification the financial statements and annual reports of the selected company. The aim of the thesis is to characterize the financial statements and the annual report and subsequent application of the theoretical basis for the practical demonstration of the audit contract specific firm. The theoretical part of the thesis is divided into six separate parts. The first chapter describes the concept of audit, defines its basic objectives and principles and provides information about its development. The second chapter pursues to the regulation of the audit, both in terms of international standards and the czech law. The main legal standards are Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2006/43/EC., Act No. 93/2009 on Auditors and International Standards on Auditing. The third chapter defines the professional audit regulatory and characterizes the Code of Ethics. The fourth chapter focuses on the use of audit methods and procedures during the audit engagement. The last chapter of the theoretical basis discusses an audit documentation, as one of the possible means of proof audit trail. The last chapter of the thesis is represented by a practical part where the specific entity Zemský hřebčinec Písek státní podnik presents selected audit procedures and methods with a focus on work as an assistant of the auditor. An important part of the thesis consists of an annex that contains selected parts rather stable and normal component auditor's documentation.