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Wu, Hongyu. "Parallel methods for static and dynamic simulation of flexible pavement systems /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10158.
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Falzon, Christopher. "Pattern solver for the static and dynamic analysis of frameworkmodels." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1985. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31206864.
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Pradelle, Benoît. "Static and dynamic methods of polyhedral compilation for an efficient execution in multicore environments." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA6213.
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Depuis plusieurs années, le nombre de cœurs de calcul dans les processeurs ne cesse d'augmenter à chaque nouvelle génération. Les processeurs multi-cœurs sont maintenant très fréquents mais le développement de logiciels séquentiels reste une pratique très courante. Pour pallier à ce problème, des outils de parallélisation automatique ont été proposés mais ils ne sont pas encore prêts pour une utilisation à grande échelle. Nous proposons d'étendre les outils existants dans trois directions différentes. Premièrement, on peut remarquer que le code source de certains programmes n'est pas disponible. Nous proposons donc un système de parallélisation statique de code binaire qui permet de paralléliser un application séquentielle déjà compilée. Ensuite, on peut s'apercevoir que la performance d'un programme dépend du contexte d'exécution dans lequel il s'exécute. Nous présentons donc un système qui permet de sélectionner une version d'un programme parmi plusieurs afin d'exploiter au mieux les particularités du contexte d'exécution courant. Enfin, étant donné que certains programmes sont difficiles à analyser statiquement, nous proposons un système de parallélisation spéculative permettant d'appliquer dynamiquement des transformations de code complexes sur ces programmes. Ces trois systèmes utilisent le modèles polyédrique comme une boîte à outil permettant d'analyser, de transformer ou de paralléliser les programmes. En travaillant à différentes phases de la vie des programmes, ils forment une approche globale qui étend les techniques de parallélisation existantesThe recent spreading of multicore processors has put an extreme pressure towards parallelism extraction from software. Although important progresses have been made, automatic parallelization technologies are not yet fully operational for large-scale deployment and still fail to handle programs for many different reasons. We propose to extend the existing tools and techniques in three different directions. First, the existing programs have to be parallelizable, even if the source code is unreachable. For that purpose, we present a system able to parallelize sequential binary programs. Second, the parallelism extraction has to take into account the current external environment to reach the maximal performance. Thus, we present a version selection system which can exploit the specificities of different execution contexts to accelerate programs. Third, the parallelization can be complex or impossible to perform using only static tools. Thus, we propose a speculative parallelization system to transform and parallelize programs which are hard to analyze statically. All those three systems use the polyhedral model as a toolbox to analyze, transform, or parallelize programs. Working at different stages, from compile time to execution time, they form a global approach to extend the existing parallelization techniques
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Tsiligiannis, Georgios. "Soft Errors in Memory Devices : Novel Methods and Practices for Dynamic and Static Testing." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20241.
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La plupart des environnements naturels et artificiels présentent du rayonnement ionisant (RI) interagissant avec l'électronique. Les effets du RI sont étudies depuis longtemps surtout pour des applications de critiques et de sécurité dans le domaine de l'espace, nucléaire, militaire et médical. L'étude des effets de rayonnement sur les appareils électroniques est complexe et demande la combinaison d'une connaissance pluridisciplinaire allant de la physique nucléaire à l'architecture à haut niveau, l'électronique et la science de matériaux. La réduction de la taille des transistors et l'augmentation simultanée de la complexité des systèmes contribuent à rendre plus critiques les problématiques. En occupant la plus grande surface de systèmes sur puce, les mémoires électroniques représentent la source principale des fautes induits par la radiation. Par conséquent, la compréhension des effets du rayonnement ionisant sur les mémoires et leur atténuation sont essentielles. Ces travaux de thèse introduisent des nouvelles méthodes de test à niveau de simulation et expérimental. En particulier, à niveau de simulation, est proposée une méthodologie pour l'estimation du taux de soft erreurs (SER) des circuits électroniques. Cette méthode prend en compte les variations environnementales et paramétriques des circuits pendant leur exposition au rayonnement ionisant. La méthode est évaluée à travers le cas d'étude représentée par une cellule SRAM de technologie 40nm interagissant avec des neutrons atmosphériques. Au niveau expérimental, des nouvelles méthodes pour le test sous accélérateur de SRAMs sont présentées, tout en mettant l'accent sur les défaillances que le test dynamique peut révéler. Les méthodes proposées s'appuient sur les algorithmes de type March et des séquences d'adressage spécifique des mémoires. Le choix des méthodes des tests dynamiques plutôt que des tests statiques est justifié par leur capacité de sensibiliser les effets électriques et du fait qu'ils sont très représentatifs du comportement réel des mémoires de vrais systèmes électroniques. Dans ces études, sont analyses en détail des évènements de large échelle qui apparaissent pendant les tests en accélérateurs et qui menaient à des MCUs (Multiple Cell Upsets), des effets singuliers permanent SEL (Single Event Latchups) et des effets singuliers de type SEFI (Single Event Functional Interrupt). Les protons à basses menaçant les technologies le plus récentes, donc, ici, leur contribution aux effets singuliers est aussi étudiée toujours en appliquant les nouvelles méthodes des tests proposés. Avec l'expérience acquise pendant les tests accélérés, un capteur des Hadrons à Haute Energie a été proposé et par la suite testé sur le faisceau de la structure H4IRRAD du CERN. La fonction principale de ce moniteur est basée sur l'extraction de la fluence des hadrons en tant qu'une fonction des effets singuliers SEU enregistrés. En outre, sont également présentés les résultats d'un test en temps réel fait à la station Concordia en Antarctique. Dans ce cas, l'instrument de détection était une version modifié du précédent capteur. Les résultats récoltés ont démontré que cet instrument de détection peut être utilisé dans des environnements et des conditions de rayonnement diverses. Enfin, des technologies de mémoire émergeantes ont été évaluées par rapport à leur réponse au rayonnement ionisantMost of the known natural and artificial environments present ionizing radiation interacting with electronics. The effects of ionizing radiation have been a concern for many years especially for safety and critical applications such as space, nuclear, avionics, military and medical. The study of radiation effects on electronic devices is complex and requires the combination of multidisciplinary knowledge from nuclear physics to high-level system design, electronics and science of materials. The downscaling of the transistor size and the concurrent increase of systems' complexity contributes to worsen this problematic.By occupying the largest area of Systems on Chip, electronic memories represent the biggest source of radiation induced failures. Consequently, the understanding of ionizing radiation effects on memory devices and their mitigation is crucial. This thesis introduces novel test methods for both the simulation and the experimental level. More specifically, at the simulation level a framework is proposed for the estimation of the Soft Error Rate of electronic devices. This framework considers environmental and parametric variations of the device, while subjected to ionizing radiation. The framework is evaluated by considering the case study of a 40nm SRAM cell interacting with atmospheric neutrons. At the experimental level, novel methods for the accelerated testing of SRAM devices are presented, emphasizing to the failures that dynamic mode testing is able to reveal. These proposed methods are based on March algorithms in combination with specific addressing schemes for the memories.The choice to focus on dynamic testing methods is justified by their capability to sensitize electric effects that static mode testing is not able to do, and because they are highly representative of the realistic behavior of memories in actual electronic systems. Large scale events occurring during accelerated testing as a result of Multiple Cell Upsets, Single Event Latchups and Single Event Functional Interrupts are thoroughly analyzed. With low energy protons posing a threat for latest technologies, their contribution to Soft Errors is also studied by applying the proposed testing methods. Using the experience acquired from accelerated testing, a monitor for the sensing of the High Energy Hadrons was proposed and next tested at H4IRRAD beam line (CERN). The main functionality of this monitor is based on the extraction of the hadrons fluence as a function of the recorded Single Event Upsets. Furthermore, the results from a real-time test at the Concordia station in Antarctica are also presented. This time the sensing instrument was a customized version of the previous monitor and the retrieved results proved the usability of the instrument under different radiation environments and conditions. Finally emerging memory technologies are assessed for their response under ionizing radiation
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Razzaq, Raja Javed. "Nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of composite layered plates and shells using finite strip methods." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/4049.
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In this thesis, a new concept of finite strip elements is introduced.
Lagrangian, Hermitian and spline-type interpolations have been
used independently along the two axes of the plate mid-plane.
Different plate-bending theories; Mindlin, Reissner and Kirchhoff
theories have been applied in the derivations of the new finitestrip
elements, for isotropic and composite materials. The new
elements have also been extended to work as faceted shell
elements for the analysis of cylindrical shells, folded plates and
stiffened plates.
An efficient modular programming package based on those
elements was designed, and it is capable of performing linear and
non-linear stress analysis, buckling analysis and natural frequency
analysis. The modular package, which was coded in FORTRAN
has different solvers and a built-in mesh generator for different
types of plate structures.
A number of case studies have been employed for the validation
of the package and testing its different capabilities. The package
has proved to be an efficient tool for numerical modelling of
plates, cylindrical shells, folded plates and stiffened plates made
of isotropic and composite layered materials.
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Campbell, Regan H. "Comparing attention theories utilizing static and dynamic function allocation methods operationalized with an expert system." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04082004-180056/unrestricted/campbell%5Fregan%5Fh%5F200312%5Fphd.pdf.
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Pasha, Hasan G. "Estimation of Static Stiffnesses from Free Boundary Dynamic (FRF) Measurements." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1416569956.
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Liu, Dan. "Research on Performance Evaluation and Anti-scaling Mechanism of Green Scale Inhibitors by Static and Dynamic Methods." Paris, ENSAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENAM0025.
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Increasing environmental concerns and discharge limitations have imposed additional challenges in treating process waters. Thus, the concept of "Green Chemistry" was proposed and green scale inhibitors became a focus of water treatment technology. Finding some economical and environmentally friendly inhibitors is one of the major research focuses nowadays. In this dissertation, the inhibition performance of different phosphonates as CaCO3 scale inhibitors in simulated cooling water was evaluated. Homo-, co-, and ter-polymers were also investigated for their performance as Ca-phosphonate inhibitors. Addition of polymers as inhibitors with phosphonates could reduce Ca-phosphonate precipitation and enhance the inhibition efficiency for CaCO3 scale. The synergistic effect of polyaspartic acid (PASP) and Polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) on inhibition of scaling has been studied using both static and dynamic methods. Results showed that the anti-scaling performance of PASP combined with PESA was superior to that of PASP or PESA alone for CaCO3, CaSO4 and BaSO4 scale. The influence of dosage, temperature and Ca2+ concentration was also investigated in simulated cooling water circuit. Moreover, SEM analysis demonstrated the modification of crystalline morphology in the presence of PASP and PESA. In this work, we also investigated the respective inhibition effectiveness of copper and zinc ions for scaling in drinking water by the method of Rapid Controlled Precipitation (RCP). The results indicated that the zinc ion and copper ion were high efficient inhibitors of low concentration, and the analysis of SEM and IR showed that copper and zinc ions could affect the calcium carbonate germination and change the crystal morphology. Moreover, the influence of temperature and dissolved CO2 on the scaling potential of a mineral water (Salvetat) in the presence of copper and zinc ions was studied by laboratory experiments. An ideal scale inhibitor should be a solid form compound having a very low solubility, but the value of this solubility is big enough to ensure a total scaling inhibition. A new type of scale inhibitor we synthesized possesses these properties. In fact, the synthesized inhibitor has a very poor solubility (about 1. 5 mg/L) at 20°C for Paris's tap water. Its anti-scaling properties have been evaluated by RCP method. A complete scaling inhibition was obtained with a concentration of 30 µg/L (ppb) for Salvetat water at 30°C. Moreover, the introduction of the synthesized solid inhibitor to a water system can be easily realized by using a cartridgeLes exigences environnementales imposent de nombreux défis dans le domaine du traitement des eaux. Ainsi, le concept de " chimie verte " a-t-il été proposé et l'utilisation des produits chimiques " écologiques " est devenue une nécessité. Il est donc d'une importance primordiale d'élaborer des inhibiteurs d'entartrage " verts " afin de combattre les phénomènes d'entartrage qui ont des conséquences désastreuses, voire catastrophiques, dans certaines installations industrielles, comme les circuits de refroidissement des centrales nucléaires. Dans cette étude, l'efficacité de différents inhibiteurs d'entartrage de CaCO3 a été évaluée dans un circuit de refroidissement simulé. En tant qu'inhibiteurs de précipitation de Ca-phosphonates, des homo-, co- et ter-polymères ont également été étudiés en matière de leur efficacité. En fait, l'ajout de ces polymères dans l'eau contenant des phosphonates peut réduire la précipitation du Ca-phosphonates et renforcer l'efficacité d'inhibition de l'entartrage du CaCO3. L'effet synergétique de l'acide polyaspartique (PASP) et de l'acide polyepoxysuccinique (PESA) sur l'inhibition de l'entartrage a été étudié en utilisant à la fois des méthodes statique et dynamique. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l'efficacité inhibitrice du mélange PASP-PESA est supérieure à celle du PASP ou du PESA pris individuellement pour la précipitation de CaCO3, CaSO4 et BaSO4. L'effet de la concentration des inhibiteurs, de la température et de la concentration de Ca2+ ont également été étudié. Par ailleurs, l'analyse par MEB a bien montré la modification de morphologie des précipités en présence du PASP et du PESA. Dans ce travail, on a également étudié les propriétés inhibitrices des ions Cu2+ et Zn2+ dans l'eau potable avec la méthode de Précipitation Contrôlée Rapide (PCR) développée dans le Laboratoire (LIM). Les résultats obtenus montrent que ces ions métalliques sont des inhibiteurs très efficaces à faible concentration. De plus, l'analyse par MEB et IR indiquent que les ces ions peuvent affecter la morphologie cristalline du CaCO3. Par ailleurs, l'influence de la température et du CO2 dissous sur le pouvoir entartrant de l'eau minérale de Salvetat (utilisée comme eau de référence), en présence des ions Cu2+ et Zn2+, a été étudiée expérimentalement. L'inhibiteur idéal serait un composé sous forme solide dont la solubilité serait très faible, mais largement suffisante pour assurer une inhibition totale de l'entartrage. Il pourrait ainsi être mis en contact directement avec l'eau à traiter sans que l'on ait à se soucier de sa concentration qui serait régulée automatiquement par sa solubilité. La synthèse de tels inhibiteurs a été réalisée et leur efficacité a été évaluée durant cette thèse. En fait, les inhibiteurs solides obtenus ont une solubilité de l'ordre de 1,5 mg/L dans l'eau du robinet de Paris et ils donnent une inhibition totale de CaCO3 dans la même eau avec une concentration seulement de 30 ppb (μg/L). De plus, l'introduction de ces inhibiteurs solides peut être réalisée facilement par une cartouche
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Ghoniem, Ahmed. "Static and dynamic job-shop scheduling using rolling-horizon approaches and the Shifting Bottleneck Procedure." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31485.
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Over the last decade, the semiconductor industry has witnessed a steady increase in its complexity based on improvements in manufacturing processes and equipment. Progress in the technology used is no longer the key to success, however. In fact, the semiconductor technology has reached such a high level of complexity that improvements appear at a slow pace. Moreover, the diffusion of technology among competitors shows that traditional approaches based on technological advances and innovations are not sufficient to remain competitive.
A recent crisis in the semiconductor field in the summer 2001 made it even clearer that optimizing the operational control of semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities is a vital key to success. Operating research-oriented studies have been carried out to this end for the last 5 years. None of them, however, suggest a comprehensive model and solution to the operational control problem of a semiconductor manufacturing facility.
Two main approaches, namely mathematical programming and dispatching rules, have been explored in the literature so far, either partially or entirely dealing with this problem. Adapting the Shifting Bottleneck (SB) procedure is a third approach that has motivated many studies.
Most research focuses on optimizing a certain objective function under idealized conditions and thus does not take into consideration system disruptions such as machine breakdown. While many papers address the adaptations of the SB procedure, the problem of re-scheduling jobs dynamically to take disruptions and local disturbances (machines breakdown, maintenance...) into consideration shows interesting perspectives for research. Dealing with local disturbances in a production environment and analyzing their impact on scheduling policies is a complex issue. It becomes even more complex in the semiconductor industry because of the numerous inherent constraints to take into account. The problem that is addressed in this thesis consists of studying dynamic scheduling in a job-shop environment where local disturbances occur. This research focuses on scheduling a large job shop and developing re-scheduling policies when local disturbances occur. The re-scheduling can be applied to the whole production horizon considered in the instance, or applied to a restricted period T that becomes a decision variable of the problem. The length of the restricted horizon T of re-scheduling can influence significantly the overall results. Its impact on the general performance is studied. Future extensions can be made to include constraints that arise in the semiconductors industry, such as the presence of parallel and batching machines, reentrant flows and the lot dedication problem.
The theoretical results developed through this research will be applied to data sets to study their efficiency. We hope this methodology will bring useful insights to dealing effectively with local disturbances in production environments.Master of Science
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Sensmeier, Mark D. (Mark David). "Static and dynamic large deflection flexural response of graphite- epoxy beams." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45895.
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In support of crashworthiness studies of composite airframes, the present study was undertaken to understand the large deflection flexural response and failure of graphite-epoxy laminated beams. The beam specimens were subjected to eccentric axial impact loads and to static eccentric axial loads, in order to assess the damage caused by impact.
A geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis of the response and failure of the static test specimens is presented. The analysis employed an incremental, noniterative finite element model based on the Kantrovich method and a corotational solution technique. Width-wise effects are included by assuming specific forms of the displacements across the width, with length-wise variation introduced as a degree of freedom. This one-dimensional, 22 degree of freedom finite element accurately predicted the load-deflection and strain-deflection responses of the static test specimens.
Inclusion of nonlinear material behavior was found to be important in correctly predicting load-deflection response of uniaxial materials, while inclusion of width-wise effects was determined to be more important for laminates with off-axis plies due to the existence of coupling between bending and twisting curvatures (D16and D26). Once material nonlinearity begins to occur in flexure, even symmetric laminates exhibit bending-stretching coupling due to different material response in tension and compression.
Master of Science
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Do, Ngoc Anh. "Numerical analyses of segmental tunnel lining under static and dynamic loads." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0042/document.
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Cette thèse vise à étudier le comportement de revêtement articulé du tunnel en développant une nouvelle approche numérique à la Méthode de Réaction Hyperstatique (HRM) et la production des modèles numériques en deux dimensions et trois dimensions à l'aide de la méthode des différences finies (FDM). L'étude a été traitée d'abord sous charges statiques, puis effectuée sous charges dynamiques. Tout d'abord, une étude bibliographique a été effectuée. Une nouvelle approche numérique appliquée à la méthode HRM a ensuite été développée. En même temps, un modèle numérique en deux dimensions est programmé sur les conditions de charge statique dans le but d'évaluer l'influence des joints, en termes de la distribution et des caractéristiques des joints, sur le comportement du revêtement articulé de tunnel. Après cela, des modèles complets en trois dimensions d'un seul tunnel, de deux tunnels horizontaux et de deux tunnels empilés, dans lesquels le système des joints est simulé, ont été développés. Ces modèles en trois dimensions permettent d'étudier le comportement non seulement du revêtement du tunnel, mais encore le déplacement du sol entourant le tunnel lors de l’excavation. Un modèle numérique en trois dimensions simplifié a ensuite été réalisé afin de valider la nouvelle approche numérique appliquée à la méthode HRM.Dans la dernière partie de ce mémoire, la performance du revêtement articulé du tunnel sous chargements dynamiques est prise en compte par l’analyse quasi-statique et dynamique complète en utilisant le modèle numérique en deux dimensions (FDM). Un modèle HRM a également été développé prenant en compte des charges quasi-statiques. Les différences de comportement de tunnel sous chargements statiques et sismiques sont mises en évidence et expliquéesThis PhD thesis has the aim to study the behaviour of segmental tunnel lining by developing a new numerical approach to the Hyperstatic Reaction Method (HRM) and producing two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) numerical models using the finite difference method (FDM). The study first deals with under static loads, and then performs under dynamic loads. Firstly, a literature review has been conducted. A new numerical approach applied to the HRM has then been developed. At the same time, a 2D numerical model is programmed regarding static loading conditions in order to evaluate the influence of the segmental joints, in terms of both joint distribution and joint stiffness characteristics, on the tunnel lining behaviour. After that, full 3D models of a single tunnel, twin horizontal tunnels and twin tunnels stacked over each other, excavated in close proximity in which the joint pattern is simulated, have been developed. These 3D models allow one to investigate the behaviour of not only the tunnel lining but also the displacement of the ground surrounding the tunnel during the tunnel excavation. A simplified 3D numerical model has then been produced in order to validate the new numerical approach applied to the HRM. In the last part of the manuscript, the performance of the segmental tunnel lining exposed to dynamic loading is taken into consideration through quasi-static and full dynamic analyses using 2D numerical models (FDM). A new HRM model has also been developed considering quasi-static loads. The differences of the tunnel behaviour under static and seismic loadings are highlighted
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Halepli, A. R. (A Reymond). "A comparative dynamic and static stress analysis of a prosthetically resurfaced tibia /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63331.
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Yau, Wai-Keung. "Application of Vlasov's method to static, dynamic and stability problems in plate structures." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5475.
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Chan, Andrew Hin-Cheong. "A unified finite element solution to static and dynamic problems of geomechanics." Thesis, Swansea University, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624605.
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Graziano, Maria. "Updating of Finite Element Models using static and dynamic optical strains with application to damage assessment." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
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In the recent years, vibration-based structural damage identification has been subject of significant research in structural engineering. The basic idea of vibration-based methods is that damage induces mechanical properties changes that cause anomalies in the dynamic response of the structure, which measures allow to localize damage and its extension. Vibration measured data, such as frequencies and mode shapes, can be used in the Finite Element Model Updating in order to adjust structural parameters sensible at damage (e.g. Young’s Modulus). The novel aspect of this thesis is the introduction into the objective function of accurate measures of strains mode shapes, evaluated through FBG sensors.
After a review of the relevant literature, the case of study, i.e. an irregular prestressed concrete beam destined for roofing of industrial structures, will be presented. The mathematical model was built through FE models, studying static and dynamic behaviour of the element.
Another analytical model was developed, based on the ‘Ritz method’, in order to investigate the possible interaction between the RC beam and the steel supporting table used for testing.
Experimental data, recorded through the contemporary use of different measurement techniques (optical fibers, accelerometers, LVDTs) were compared whit theoretical data, allowing to detect the best model, for which have been outlined the settings for the updating procedure.
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Lerner, Harry 1969. "Static types to dynamic variables : re-assessing the methods of prehistoric Huron chipped stone tool documentation and analysis in Ontario." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33298.
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An assemblage of prehistoric Huron chipped stone tools has been analyzed in terms of its inherently dynamic properties. It is hypothesized that the series of measurements and ratios that has been developed is more efficient than existing systems for gauging the changing nature of these implements over time. The statistical evaluation of the data revealed strong linear relationships between various pairs of variables, such as projectile point length and tip angle and end scraper bit edge angles and bit height. It was found that comparing these data to other attributes of these tools, such as use-wear traces and reduction techniques, can be very informative about how each category of tools changed through manufacture, use, and maintenance. The results of this analysis were then compared to those of a more traditional study of a contemporaneous collection of Huron stone tools (Poulton, 1985), demonstrating the utility of the techniques developed.
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朱達善 and Dashan Zhu. "Nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of plates & shells by spline finite strip method." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31231743.
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Zhu, Dashan. "Nonlinear static and dynamic analysis of plates & shells by spline finite strip method /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1988. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12427020.
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SANTOS, RODRIGO BIANCHI. "PARAMETRIC OPTIMIZATION OF TRUSS STRUCTURES UNDER DYNAMIC LOADING USING THE EQUIVALENT STATIC LOAD METHOD." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35802@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Otimização estrutural sujeita a carregamentos dinâmicos é um problema desafiador em vários aspectos, a começar pelo grande número de restrições que devem ser atendidas em todos os instantes de tempo. Além disso, o custo computacional para avaliar os gradientes destas restrições é bastante elevado e requer um grande espaço de armazenamento. Na literatura, alguns métodos reduzem o número de restrições avaliando em instantes de tempo selecionados, como o pior caso por exemplo, ou ainda constroem um funcional equivalente, integrando as restrições violadas ao longo do tempo, assim eliminando essa dependência. Nesta dissertação, o método do Carregamento Estático Equivalente (ESL) é utilizado, no qual o problema dinâmico original é transformado em uma sequência de subproblemas de otimização linear estática com múltiplos casos de carga. Um atrativo deste método é a possibilidade da solução de problemas não lineares, evitando o alto custo devido às repetidas análises estruturais e cálculos das restrições. Problemas clássicos de treliças planas submetidas a carregamentos dinâmicos são resolvidos utilizando o método ESL. A função a ser minimizada é a massa da treliça, que está sob restrições de tensão e deslocamento, onde as variáveis de projeto são as áreas da seção transversal dos membros. Além disso, uma interface utilizando ANSYS e MATLAB é desenvolvida para uma abordagem modular, na qual a análise via elementos finitos e a otimização possam ser realizadas separadamente. Este processo viabiliza a otimização de estruturas que apresentam comportamentos não lineares a partir da utilização de diversos softwares comerciais disponíveis no mercado.
Structural optimization subject to dynamic loading is a challenging problem in many aspects, starting with the large number of constraints that must be respected at all instants of time. Furthermore, the computational cost to evaluate the gradients of these constraints is significantly high and requires a large storage space. In the literature, some methods reduce the number of constraints evaluating at selected instants of time, such as the worst case. Alternatively, a single equivalent functional is constructed to eliminate the time dependence by integrating the violated constraints over time. In this work, the Equivalent Static Load (ESL) method is used, in which the original dynamic problem is reduced into a number of static linear optimization problems with multiple load cases. An attractive feature of this method is the possibility of solving non-linear problems, avoiding the high cost due to repeated structural analyzes and constraint calculations. Classical problems of plane trusses subjected to dynamic loads are solved using the ESL method. The function to be minimized is the truss mass, which is subjected to stress and displacement constraints, where the design variables are the cross-sectional areas of the members. In addition, an interface using ANSYS and MATLAB was developed for a modular approach, in which finite element analysis and optimization can be performed separately. This process makes possible the optimization of structures that present non-linear behavior from the use of most structural analysis software packages available on the market.
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Jenke, Robert E. W. [Verfasser], Angelika [Akademischer Betreuer] Peer, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Rigoll. "Static and Dynamic Methods for Emotion Recognition from Physiological Signals / Robert E. W. Jenke. Betreuer: Angelika Peer. Gutachter: Gerhard Rigoll ; Angelika Peer." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080299297/34.
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Kciuk, Thaddeus A. "The static and dynamic analysis of a complex optical-mechanical system utilizing the finite element method /." Online version of thesis, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10326.
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GUTIERREZ, LUCAS LUDEÑA. "FORMULATION AND SOME APPLICATIONS OF MATERIAL POINT METHOD IN GEOTECHNICAL PROBLEMS IN STATIC AND DYNAMIC CONDITIONS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2016. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=33844@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Em problemas geotécnicos podem ocorrer grandes deformações devido a chuvas prolongadas, sismos, deslizamentos de encostas, etc. Material point method (MPM) é um método de solução baseado no Método dos Elementos Finitos (MEF) que oferece vantagens para o cálculo estático e dinâmico que envolve deformações desse tipo. O objetivo desta dissertação é utilizar o MPM em problemas geotécnicos em condições estáticas e dinâmicas. Esta pesquisa mostra o procedimento de analises do MPM para a condição não acoplada (só solido sem presença de água) e depois acoplada. Para a revisão matemática de MPM se faz antes um resumo da teoria do MEF na metodologia de conservação de quantidade de movimento. Nestas duas formas de resolver os problemas geotécnicos foram expostos três exemplos simples. O primeiro é uma coluna de solo simulado sob os fundamentos da elasticidade, com o objetivo de verificar o deslocamento vertical pelo peso próprio. Isto foi resolvido mediante quatro diferentes métodos: analítica, MEF por resíduos ponderados, MEF por conservação de quantidade de movimento, e MPM. Todos eles consideram somente a fase solida. No segundo exemplo, tem-se solo na geometria de quadrado de lado 1 metro, onde busca-se obter as poropressões quando atingir a condição permanente enquanto os deslocamentos ocorrem ao longo do tempo; ou seja, a análise é acoplada e é resolvida pelo método MPM. Para uma aplicação mais realista, foi feita a análise (não acoplada) da barragem Palo Redondo, pertencente ao projeto Chavimochic, localizada na região de La Libertad, Perú. Nesta análise dinâmica considerou-se dois modelos constitutivos: Elástico e Mohr Coulomb, além de um sismo.
In geotechnical problems can happen large strains because of prolonged rains, earthquake, slide slope, etc. Material point method is a solution method based on the finite element method (FEM) which offers advantages for static and dynamic calculation that involve that kind of strains. The objective in this dissertation is to use the MPM in geotechnical problems in statics and dynamics conditions. This research shows the analysis procedure of MPM for uncoupled condition (only solids, without water) and then coupled. Before the mathematical theory of MPM, a review of the theory of FEM in the conservation of quantidade de movimento is done. In this two methodology were raised three examples. The first one is a soil column that was modeled elastically, in which the main objective in to analyze the vertical displacement because of own weight. This was solved by four different methods: analytically, FEM weighted residual, FEM conservation of momentum, and MPM. All of them consider only the solid phase. The second example is a square of soil with side 1 meter, where the objective is to know the pore-pressure in the permanent condition and at the same time the vertical displacement were generated, it means that the analysis is coupled and were solved by MPM. In order to make a more realistic application, Palo Redondo dam is analyzed (uncoupled condition), which belongs to the Chavimochic project located in La Libertad, region of Perú. This dynamic analysis was done considering two constitutive models: Elastic and Mohr Coulomb, additionally seismic forces.
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Ozel, Halil Firat. "Comparison Of The 2d And 3d Analyses Methods For Cfrds." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614814/index.pdf.
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The purpose is to compare the 2D and 3D analysis methodologies in investigating the performance of a Concrete Faced Rockfill Dam (CFRD) under static and dynamic loading conditions. Çokal Dam is the case study which is a CFRD located in northwest Turkey at the Thracian Peninsula. Rockfill interface and faceplate were simulated as nonlinear modulus of elasticity, detailed nonlinear tractive behavior and total strain rotating crack model, respectively. These behaviors were calibrated to define the exact behavior by detailed material tests. The analyses that cannot be done by 2D analyses, such as stress, crack width distribution along the face slab are conducted by 3D analyses to determine the necessity of these outcomes. Since effect of valley ends cannot be produced by 2D analyses, it is necessary to check 3D analyses to ensure liability of the results. Another comparison between detailed analysis of 2D models and linear elastic 2D models were covered to get practical and industrial solutions for the guiding methods of CFRDs for preliminary designs in this study.
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Siddiqui, Asher. "Capturing JUnit Behavior into Static Programs : Static Testing Framework." Thesis, Linnaeus University, School of Computer Science, Physics and Mathematics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-5510.
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In this research paper, it evaluates the benefits achievable from static testing framework by analyzing and transforming the JUnit3.8 source code and static execution of transformed code. Static structure enables us to analyze the code statically during creation and execution of test cases. The concept of research is by now well established in static analysis and testing development. The research approach is also increasingly affecting the static testing process and such research oriented work has proved particularly valuable for those of us who want to understand the reflective behavior of JUnit3.8 Framework.
JUnit3.8 Framework uses Java Reflection API to invoke core functionality (test cases creation and execution) dynamically. However, Java Reflection API allows developers to access and modify structure and behavior of a program. Reflection provides flexible solution for creating test cases and controlling the execution of test cases. Java reflection helps to encapsulate test cases in a single object representing the test suite. It also helps to associate each test method with a test object. Where reflection is a powerful tool to perform potential operations, on the other hand, it limits static analysis. Static analysis tools often cannot work effectively with reflection.
In order to avoid the reflection, Static Testing Framework provides a static platform to analyze the JUnit3.8 source code and transform it into non-reflective version that emulates the dynamic behavior of JUnit3.8. The transformed source code has possible leverage to replace reflection with static code and does same things in an execution environment of Static Testing Framework that reflection does in JUnit3.8. More besides, the transformed code also enables execution environment of Static Testing Framework to run test methods statically. In order to measure the degree of efficiency, the implemented tool is evaluated. The evaluation of Static Testing Framework draws results for different Java projects and these statistical data is compared with JUnit3.8 results to measure the effectiveness of Static Testing Framework. As a result of evaluation, STF can be used for static creation and execution of test cases up to JUnit3.8 where test cases are not creating within a test class and where real definition of constructors is not required. These problems can be dealt as future work by introducing a middle layer to execute test fixtures for each test method and by generating test classes as per real definition of constructors.
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Dettmar, Joachim Peter. "Static and dynamic homogenization analyses of discrete granular and atomistic structures on different time and length scales." [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:93-opus-26760.
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Schwerter, Michael Verfasser], N. Jon [Akademischer Betreuer] [Shah, and Achim [Akademischer Betreuer] Stahl. "Advanced software and hardware control methods for improved static and dynamic $B_0}$ shimming in magnetic resonance imaging / Michael Schwerter ; Nadim Joni Shah, Achim Stahl." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1216175756/34.
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Reda, Hilal. "Modeling and computation of the effective static and dynamic properties of network materials accounting for microstructural effects and large deformations." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0007/document.
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Nous analysons les propriétés dynamiques de milieux architecturés périodiques et de réseaux fibreux aléatoires en petites et grandes déformations, à partie de méthodes d’homogénéisation afin de calculer leurs propriétés statiques et dynamiques. Des modèles effectifs de type micropolaire et du second gradient sont élaborés afin de prendre en compte l’impact de la microstructure sur le comportement effectif. L’influence des degrés de liberté en rotation additionnels et des gradients d’ordre supérieur du déplacement sur les relations de dispersion sont analysés pour des comportements élastique et viscoélastique du matériau constitutif. Les milieux continus généralisés ainsi construits conduisent à des effets dispersifs, en accord avec les observations. Dans la seconde partie du travail, nous analysons l’influence des grandes déformations sur la propagation des ondes élastiques dans des milieux architecturés périodiques. Des méthodes théoriques assortis de schémas numériques sont développés afin de prédire l’influence des déformations finies générées au sein des structures sur l’évolution de leur diagramme de bande. Un schéma incrémental d’évolution de la fréquence et de la vitesse de phase du milieu continu homogénéisé est établi, à partir d’une méthode de perturbation établie pour des structures 1D, 2D et 3D, en considérant plus particulièrement des structures auxétiques. Ce schéma montre un effet important de l’état de déformation appliquée et de la densité effective sur l’évolution de la fréquence et de la vitesse de phase des ondes. Une méthode de perturbation spécifique aux structures périodiques nonlinéaires est développée afin de généraliser le théorème de Bloch pour couvrir les non linéarités tant géométriques que matérielles. Des modèles hyperélastiques du premier et du second gradient de différentes structures sont identifiés par des tests virtuels reposant sur une méthode d’homogénéisation dédiée, qui permettent de formuler des équations d’onde spécifiques – équations de Burgers et de Boussinesq – dont les propriétés dispersives sont analyséesMicropolar and second gradient effective continua are constructed as two different strategies to account for microstructural effects. The influence of additional degrees of freedom or higher order displacement gradients on the dispersion relations is analyzed in both situations of elastic and viscoelastic behaviors of the material. Generalized effective continua lead to dispersive waves, as observed in experiments. In the second part of the thesis, we analyze the influence of large deformations on the propagation of acoustic waves in repetitive network materials. Both theoretical and numerical methods are developed in order to assess the influence of finite strains developing within the networks on the evolution of their band diagrams. An incremental scheme for the update of frequency and phase velocity of the computed homogenized medium is developed based on a perturbation method for 1D, 2D and 3D structures, considering with a special emphasis auxetic networks. This scheme shows an important effect of the applied finite deformation on the frequency and phase velocity of the propagating waves. A perturbation method for nonlinear periodic structures is developed to extend Bloch’s theorem to cover both geometrical and material nonlinearities. Hyperelastic first and second order gradient constitutive models of different network materials are identified based on dedicated homogenization methods, from which specific wave equations are formulated - Burgers and Boussinesq equations - the dispersion properties of which are analyzed
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Heim, Eugene Henry DeWendt. "Development of Methods for Improved Data Integrity and Efficient Testing of Wind Tunnel Models for Dynamic Test Conditions in Unsteady and Nonlinear Flight Regimes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31050.
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Todayâ s high performance aircraft are operating in expanded flight envelopes, often maneuvering at high angular rates at high angles-of-attack, even above maximum lift. Current aerodynamic models are inadequate in predicting flight characteristics in the expanded envelope, such as rapid aircraft departures and other unusual motions. Unsteady flows of aircraft are of real concern. The ability to accurately measure aerodynamic loads directly impacts the ability to accurately model and predict flight. Current wind tunnel testing techniques do not adequately address the data fidelity of a test point under the influence of fluctuating loads and moments. Additionally, forced oscillation test techniques, one of the primary tools used to develop dynamic models, do not currently provide estimates of the uncertainty of the results during an oscillation cycle. Further, in testing models across a range of flight conditions, there are frequently parts of the envelope which are well behaved and require few data points to arrive at a sound answer, and other parts of the envelope where the responses are much more active and require a large sample of data to arrive at an answer with statistical significance. Currently, test methods do not factor changes of flow physics into data acquisition schemes, so in many cases data are obtained over more iterations than required, or insufficient data may be obtained to determine a valid estimate. Methods of providing a measure of data integrity for static and forced oscillation test techniques are presented with examples. A method for optimizing required forced oscillation cycles based on decay of uncertainty gradients and balance tolerances is also presented.Master of Science
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Khanal, Kiran. "Monte Carlo simulations to study the effect of chain stiffness on static, dynamic, and equation-of-state properties of polymer melts." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1251402309.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Physics, 2009."August, 2009." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 10/21/2009) Advisor, Jutta Luettmer-Strathmann; Committee members, Alper Buldum, Ben Yu-Kuang Hu; Department Chair, Robert R. Mallik; Dean of the College, Chand Midha; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Cao, Xiaodan. "A non-incremental numerical method for quasi-static and dynamic elastoplastic problems by the symplectic Brezis-Ekeland-Nayroles variational principle." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I023.
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Cette thèse est consacrée à la méthode non incrémentielle basée sur le principe symplectique de Brezis-Ekeland-Nayroles (SBEN) pour les problèmes élastiques quasi-statiques et dynamiques. En tant que méthode alternative à la technique standard pas à pas, ce principe est basé sur le potentiel de dissipation et sa transformée de Fenchel et permet d'avoir une vue cohérente de toute l'évolution en calculant la réponse non linéaire tout au long de l'histoire temporelle comme solution d'un problème de minimisation approprié. Nous montrons que la formulation variationnelle de SBEN pose un problème de minimisation de l'espace-temps sous contraintes. La fonction de coût consiste en une fonction à 2 champs, selon les champs de contrainte et de déplacement, qui conduit naturellement à une discrétisation mixte par éléments finis.Les applications numériques sont réalisées par deux modèles mécaniques. Pour le modèle de tube à paroi mince ou épaisse sous pression interne, la faisabilité du principe SBEN est confirmée dans les cas statiques et dynamiques. Pour un autre modèle de plaque, une plaque circulaire axisymétrique mince ou épaisse soumise à une pression de surface est examinée sous les théories de Love-Kirchhoff et de Mindlin sur les plaques en statique. Les résultats numériques sont comparés à la solution analytique ou à celles obtenues par la procédure classique par éléments finis pas à pas. Le principe SBEN est respecté avec une bonne précision. D'un point de vue numérique, le principe SBEN transforme un problème mécanique transitoire en une procédure d'optimisation contrainte. Enfin, le principe du SBEN est théoriquement étendu en grande déformationThis thesis is devoted to the non-incremental method based on the symplectic Brezis-Ekeland-Nayroles (SBEN) principle for the quasi-static and dynamic elastoplastic problems. As an alternative method to the standard step-by-step technique, this principle is based on the dissipation potential and its Fenchel transform and allows to have a consistent view of the whole evolution by computing the nonlinear response along the whole time history as a solution of a suitable minimization problem. We show that the SBEN variational formulation yields a time-space minimization problem under constraints. The cost function consists in a 2-field functional, depending on the stress and displacement fields, that leads naturally to a mixed finite element discretization.Numerical application are performed by two mechanical models. For the thin- or thick-walled tube model under internal pressure, the feasibility of the SBEN principle is confirmed in static and dynamic cases. For another plate model, a circular axisymmetric thin or thick plate subjected to a surface pressure is examined under the Love-Kirchhoff and Mindlin plate theories in statics. Numerical results are compared to the analytical solution or the ones derived by the classical step-by-step finite element procedure. Good accuracy of the SBEN principle is observed. In a numerical point of view, the SBEN principle transforms a transitional mechanical problem to a constrained optimization procedure. At last, the SBEN principle is theoretically extended in finite strains
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Andersson, William, and Adrian Aune. "Development of improved determination process : Adapted for nominal setup at Volvo Car Corporation based on static, dynamic and thermal contributions." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-170864.
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A nominal setup at Volvo Cars Corporation is the placement determination for two adjacent exterior parts on the car. To place the parts in optimal positions, nominal values for gaps and flushes are determined. When a nominal setup becomes more complex, VSA (Vehicle System Architect) is summoned. These appearing situations regard the involvement of several attributes and the need for a combination of vari- ous contributions. There are static, dynamic (overslam or dynamic movement) and thermal contributions that are combined into nominal values of gap and flush dis- tances. The determination process of a nominal setup contains both calculation for each contribution, as well as the combination method which takes place at the VSA meetings. This Master Thesis project consists of the development of an improved determination process for nominal setups. The current determination process has a low level of transparency within the differ- ent group’s methods. Another issue is the insecurity of the probability estimations made when combining the contributions. Therefore, the focus of the project was to infuse a greater understanding of the contribution derivations, and greater insight into the probability of the taken risks. To achieve that, the project was divided into three parts; mapping of the determination process, individual contribution improve- ments and finally, improvements to the combination method. In contemplation of improving a process, plenty of knowledge needs to be gathered, regarding methods, simulations and possibilities. This was executed by interviewing experts within spe- cific areas at the different groups at VCC. Development of the improvements was done by interviews and various studies. It was shown that the mapping of the determination process increased the trans- parency between the groups as it increased the understanding of individual groups’ work. Contribution improvements lead to more realistic load cases used for dimen- sioning. A performed overslam clinic, where closing velocity data of a tailgate were collected, lead to a greater statistical base for which load case should be used. For dynamic movement, another method is proposed that considers relative movement instead of applied accelerations. For the thermal contribution, the approach of ge- ographically gathered temperature data was proposed. The improved combination method generates combinations with regard to three input values instead of one, from each contribution, to create different combination scenarios. The probabilities of the scenario occurrences are estimated which gave VCC a greater understanding of what risks that are taken. Furthermore, the combination method also educates the VSA meeting attendees by exhibiting the derivations and bases for each contri- bution.
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Fu, Jingyi J. Y. "Delay Analysis of Digital Circuits Using Prony's Method." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20125.
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This thesis describes possible applications of Prony's method in timing analysis of digital circuits. Such applications include predicting the future shape of the waveform in DTA(Dynamic Timing Analysis) and delay look-up table in STA(Static Timing Analysis).
Given some equally spaced output values, the traditional Prony's method can be used to extract poles and residues of a linear system, i.e. to characterize a waveform using an exponential function. In this thesis, not only values but also equally spaced derivatives are tested. Still using same idea of the traditional Prony's method, poles and residues can also be extracted with those values and derivatives. The resultant poles and residues will be used to predict the output waveform in DTA analysis. The benefits brought by the using of derivatives include less simulation steps and less CPU time consuming than the regular constant step simulation.
As a matter of fact, the Prony's method can precisely approximate a complicated waveform. Such property can be applied for STA analysis. The Prony's approximation can be used to precisely record an output waveform, which is used as an entry of the look-up table of STA. Since the accuracy of STA analysis relies on the accuracy of the input and output waveform in the look-up table, the accuracy of the Prony's approach is promising.
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Petiot, Guillaume. "Contribution à la vérification de programmes C par combinaison de tests et de preuves." Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA2045/document.
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La vérification de logiciels repose le plus souvent sur une spécification formelle encodant les propriétés du programme à vérifier. La tâche de spécification et de vérification déductive des programmes est longue et difficile et nécessite une connaissance des outils de preuve de programmes. En effet, un échec de preuve de programme peut être dû à une non-conformité du code par rapport à sa spécification, à un contrat de boucle ou de fonction appelée trop faible pour prouver une autre propriété, ou à une incapacité du prouveur. Il est souvent difficile pour l’utilisateur de décider laquelle de ces trois raisons est la cause de l’échec de la preuve car cette information n’est pas (ou rarement) donnée par le prouveur et requiert donc une revue approfondie du code et de la spécification. L’objectif de cette thèse est de fournir une méthode de diagnostic automatique des échecs de preuve afin d’améliorer le processus de spécification et de preuve des programmes C. Nous nous plaçons dans le cadre de la plate-forme d’analyse des programmes C FRAMA-C, qui fournit un langage de spécification unique ACSL, un greffon de vérification déductive WP et un générateur de tests structurels PATHCRAWLER. La méthode que nous proposons consiste à diagnostiquer les échecs de preuve en utilisant la génération de tests structurels sur une version instrumentée du programme d’origineSoftware verification often relies on a formal specification encoding the program properties to check. Formally specifying and deductively verifying programs is difficult and time consuming and requires some knowledge about theorem provers. Indeed, a proof failure for a program can be due to a noncompliance between the code and its specification, a loop or callee contrat being insufficient to prove another property, or a prover incapacity. It is often difficult for the user to decide which one of these three reasons causes a given proof failure. Indeed, this feedback is not (or rarely) provided by the theorem prover thus requires a thorough review of the code and the specification. This thesis develops a method to automatically diagnose proof failures and facilitate the specification and verification task. This work takes place within the analysis framework for C programs FRAMAC, that provides the specification language ACSL, the deductive verification plugin WP, and the structural test generator PATHCRAWLER. The proposed method consists in diagnosing proof failures using structural test generation on an instrumented version of the program under verification
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Tronson, Deidre A., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "Volatile compounds in some eastern Australian Banksia flowers." THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Tronson_D.xml, 2001. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/140.
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This project was the very beginning of research into the chemistry of eastern Australian banksia flowers. Using dynamic headspace sampling (DHS) analysis, differences in volatile components, consistent with detection of differences in odour, were detected among three different species and one commercial cultivar. Infraspecific variation was also observed between two known subspecies of Banksia ericifolia and between differently coloured forms of Banksia spinulosa var. collina. The cultivar, Banksia 'Giant Candles', was shown to have some of the chemical components of each of its supposed ancestors. The absence of known wound-response chemicals indicated that this DHS method was successful in leaving the inflorescences undamaged throughout the sampling procedure. The Likens-Nickerson modification of classical hydrodistillation methods was useful. The static headspace method (SHS) was easily automated and was shown to be chemically robust and sufficiently sensitive to detect volatile compounds from only a few flowers. The milder DHS method, which minimised mechanical and heat damage to the plant tissue, produced a different set of results. From the results of this project, a suite of volatile compounds has been proposed that may be useful in future behavioural studies to help determine whether animals are attracted to components of banksia odours. These candidates include some compounds that have been reported in animal secretions, wound-response chemicals that may be produced by the plant to aid its communication with other organisms, and a compound (suggested to be sulfanylmethyl acetate) not previously reported from natural sources. The mildest of the three analytical methods used, dynamic headspace sampling, was shown to be suitable for the potential chemotaxonomic evaluation of some members of the Banksia genus.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Marková, Lucie. "Hodnocení investičního projektu fotovoltaické elektrárny." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-73961.
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This thesis is divided into three chapters. The first chapter defines the objective of the work. The second section summarizes the theoretical and methodological part. Theoretical and methodological part deals with analysis of the area, preparation and implementation of the project, methods of evaluating investment and defines a project risk. The third part is the part of the application. It is about putting theoretical knowledge into practise. The third chapter contains an analysis of the area, description of the company, economic valuation and asessment of investment risk.
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Valentová, Renata. "Zjišťování dynamických modulů cihelného střepu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225668.
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This master’s thesis deals with the determination of dynamic modulus of elasticity non-destructive methods of brick body. The test samples were laboratory-made from two types of brick earth and further were used cotouts from the full brick types clinker. For measuring were used ultrasonic impulse and resonant-impact method.
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Gottwald, Adam. "Hodnocení investičního záměru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-416779.
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The subject of the diploma thesis is the evaluation of a selected investment project of the company. The first part defines the theoretical basis, which describes the investments, financial analysis, investment evaluation methods, and risks, which form the basis for the processing of the analytical part. The second part deals with the basic financial analysis of the company in order to evaluate the financial condition of the company. Furthermore, the investment project itself is evaluated, where also risks are determined, from the perspective of cash flows and the implementation of the project. Finally, based on the performed analyses, the investment opportunity and its weaknesses are comprehensively evaluated, through which is recommended the implementation or rejection of the investment plan.
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Gustiené, Prima. "Development of a new service-oriented modelling method for information systems analysis and design." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för informatik och projektledning, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-5704.
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This thesis presents a new modelling method for information systems analysis and design, where the concept of service and the principles of service orientation are used for integrated modelling and reasoning about information systems architectures across organisational and technical systems boundaries. The concept of service enables cohesion of the intersubjective and objective modelling traditions by using a single type of diagram that facilitates detection of semantic inconsistency, incompleteness, ambiguity and discontinuity between the static and dynamic aspects of information systems specifications. The thesis is focused on three research topics, which are fundamental to the development of a new service-oriented modelling method. The first research topic concerns a pragmatic-driven specification of information systems. It clarifies answers to the research question: How can a conceptual modelling process be driven by pragmatic considerations? The second research topic provides a service-oriented modelling foundation for information systems analysis and design. It answers the research questions: How can the concept of service be used explicitly for the analysis and design of information systems and how can the static and dynamic aspects of information systems specifications be integrated at the conceptual level? The third research topic presents transition principles to implementation-specific design and answers the research question: How can service-oriented conceptual representations be aligned with implementation-specific design? The thesis contributes with a new knowledge to the area of conceptual modelling of information systems. The service-oriented modelling method consists of the modelling process, modelling language and techniques for the analysis and design of information systems on three levels of abstraction: pragmatic, semantic and syntactic. These three levels are necessary for a holistic understanding of enterprise architecture by stakeholders. The advantage of the service-oriented modelling method is that it can help to control traceability from information system design to original requirements. The method facilitates the semantic integration of the structural, behavioural and interactive aspects of information systems conceptual representations by using a single diagram type. The modelling language provides service-oriented constructs that are fundamental to building the major systems analysis patterns. The service-oriented modelling process contributes with seven steps of incremental design, which justifies various information systems components. The method provides the basis for a gradual and systematic way of modelling and an understanding of how pragmatic, semantic and logical information system requirements are linked together. The possibility to detect and eliminate undesirable characteristics of service-oriented diagrams can help to improve communication among stakeholders. Service-oriented specifications are computation-neutral and therefore they are more comprehensible for business analysis experts in comparison to implementation specific graphical representations of information systems. Finally, this thesis presents the challenges for future research, one of which is the development of the automated tools for the alignment of business models with implementation-specific information systems specifications.
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Fernández, López Rodrigo Miguel, and Velásquez Ricardo Timoteo Zapata. "Análisis y diseño estructural de una torre de 40 pisos y 4 sótanos siguiendo normas peruanas incluyendo su desempeño sísmico en el distrito de Santiago de Surco, Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652425.
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En la presente investigación se realizará el análisis y diseño estructural de una torre de 40 pisos y 4 sótanos de concreto armado siguiendo normas peruanas y el cálculo de desempeño sísmico en el distrito de Santiago de Surco, Lima. Para esto, la hipótesis plantea sí las normas peruanas cumplen con el desempeño sismorresistente deseado para una torre alta como esta.
Para un entendimiento progresivo, primero se hará una descripción de la torre alta a estudiar, su arquitectura, estructura, suelo y otros. En la segunda parte se darán los conceptos necesarios para comprender los tipos de análisis lineal estático, lineal dinámico y no lineal estático. Se definirán los materiales, los diagramas momento – rotación también se explicará la obtención de la curva de capacidad del edificio. Se tocarán conceptos de viento y nivel de desempeño. En la tercera parte, se procederá con en análisis sísmico cumpliendo las exigencias de sismorresistencia, también se hará el análisis por viento para comparar ambos efectos. En el capítulo cuarto se procederá a hacer el diseño estructural usando las normas de concreto armado. En el capítulo cinco se hará el análisis por desempeño usando el método pushover para finalmente conseguir los resultados de este proyecto y a las conclusiones de este desarrollo.In the present investigation, the analysis and structural design of a 40-storey tower and 4 reinforced concrete basements will be carried out following Peruvian regulations and the calculation of seismic performance in the Santiago de Surco district, Lima. For this, the hypothesis states whether the Peruvian standards meet the desired seismic resistance performance for a tall tower like this one. For a progressive understanding, first a description will be made of the tall tower to study, its architecture, structure, soil and others. In the second part, the concepts necessary to understand the types of static linear analysis, dynamic linear analysis and static non-linear analysis will be given. The materials will be defined, the moment - rotation diagrams will also explain the obtaining of the building capacity curve. Wind and performance level concepts will be discussed. In the third part, we will proceed with seismic analysis complying with the seismic resistance requirements, we will also do the wind analysis to compare both effects. In the fourth chapter, the structural design will be carried out using the reinforced concrete standards. In chapter five the performance analysis will be done using the pushover method to finally get the results of this project and the conclusions of this development.
Tesis
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Jelínek, Michal. "Hodnoceni investičního záměru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-319197.
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The diploma thesis focuses on complex economic evaluation of the investment project regarding the purchase of machining centre. Based on the elaborated literature review are those findings applied to the real investment project. Economic efficiency is calculated using the identified cash flows, discount rate and static and dynamic methods. Subsequently are identified project risks and their significance. In conclusion, the results are summarized and is reported recommendation whether or not to implement the project.
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Bahra, Amar Singh. "Newton's method in static force inference from redundant space frame dynamics." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445302/.
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This thesis is concerned with inferring static, self-equilibrating, axial forces in redundant space frames from knowledge of their natural frequencies and associated mode shapes. Accordingly, it is necessary to have a mathemati cal description of the physical frame in an eigenproblem parameterised with variables accounting for load. Newton's method provides an iterative means of minimising the difference between the eigenvalues and eigenvectors and the measured frequencies and mode shapes they respectively represent forces are thus inferred from the converged eigenproblem. Rather than updating all member forces, models are formulated on force distributions and scalars re lating to the extent of loading form the updating parameters. Enforcing such equilibrium constraints beneficially minimises the order of Newton's method. For multiply redundant frames, it is necessary to formulate the model on a number of force distributions and any state of equilibrium can be described by their linear superposition. The ways in which load affects the dynamic characteristics are investigated thoroughly. Frequencies are shown to coa lesce and exchange places in the spectrum, leading to non-smooth functions since the eigenvalues are numerically ordered. Mode tracing strategies, which utilise eigenvector consistency across coalescence points to conserve function smoothness, are investigated. This consistency, however, is observed to dete riorate if the eigenvalues exhibit veering. Measures facilitating mode tracing when consistency is deficient are explored. Special treatment is required at eigenvalue degeneracy in order to observe eigenpair differentiability, which is necessary for Newton's method. Numerical simulations demonstrate success of force identification in a variety of contexts. Newton's method is effectively applied to identify load in actual, physical frames with single and multiple force distributions. Offset and length parameters supplement load to sta bilise and improve the accuracy of solution. For complicated frames, it is shown that starting iteration in the eigenvector, as well as eigenvalue, neigh bourhood is crucial for convergence to result.
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Koštur, Petr. "Hodnocení investičního záměru." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-414461.
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This master’s thesis deals with a comprehensive evaluation of the company's investment related to the purchase of construction machinery. All calculations are performed according to the theoretical basis introduced in the beginning. To evaluate the effectiveness of the investment, static and dynamic methods are used, together with the sensitivity analysis of individual risk factors. The probability of possible scenarios is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. To conclude, recommendations whether the project should be implemented is given.
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Oudich, Hamza. "Analytical Investigation of Planetary Gears Instabilities and the Impact of Micro-Macro Geometry Modifications." Thesis, KTH, Farkostteknik och Solidmekanik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276775.
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Due to their large torque-speed ratio and transmission efficiency, planetary gears are widely used in the automotive industry. However, high amplitude vibrations remain their critical weakness, which limits their usage especially when new strict noise legislations come into action. A new approach to handle the instability problems of planetary gears encountered in real industrial context is presented in this work. First, the dynamic response of a planetary gear failing to pass the noise regulations is theoretically investigated through an analytical model. The equations of motion were solved using the Spectral Iterative Method. The observed experimental results correlated well with those from the developed model. In order to limit the resonance phenomena, impacts of different macro and micro-geometry modifications were analytically investigated: quadratic teeth profile, different planets positioning, different number of teeth and number of planets. Optimum modifications were retrieved and are expected to be tested experimentally on a test bench and on the truck. Finally, the analytical model’s limits and sensitivity to different parameters were investigated in order to certify its reliability, and suggestions for improvements were presented.
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Yaghi, Anas H. "Static and dynamic brittle fracture." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1993. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11786/.
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The project examined the static and dynamic fracture mechanics of brittle materials. Destructive testing was performed on brittle, elastic, isotropic and homogeneous epoxy resin specimens made of Araldite CT-200 with Hardener HT-907. Three types of specimen were investigated, namely the three point bend (3PB) beam, the compact mixed-mode (CMM) specimen and the pressure tube. The 3PB and CMM specimens contained both narrow notches and real cracks. The pressure tubes included semi-circular notches. The real cracks were obtained by controlled fatiguing. The research involved the evaluation of the static mode-I and mode-II real and apparent critical stress intensity factors. The fracture surfaces and the phenomenon of crack branching were studied. The dynamic mode-I stress intensity factor was obtained at the inception of crack instability and also at branching. The concept of the existence of a unique relationship between the dynamic stress intensity factor and the instantaneous crack velocity was addressed. The possibility of modelling cracks in structural components by using cast shim notches in epoxy resin was discussed. The modelling of the static behaviour was proposed to be accurate and relatively easy. The dynamic behaviour would be approximately modelled; therefore suggestions on how to improve the dynamic modelling of propagating cracks were recommended, paying particular attention to the branching process and the instantaneous crack velocity. In addition to the experimental work, finite element analysis was conducted for the 3PB and CMM specimens containing narrow notches. It was shown that the specific geometry and loading conditions were unimportant and that the loading was conveniently characterised by the stress intensity factors for an equivalent crack. A method was devised which provided a relatively cheap and efficient means of determining stress concentration factors for what might appear to be complex geometries and loading conditions.
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Rushton, Matthew V. "Static and dynamic type systems." Diss., Connect to the thesis Connect to the thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/1483.
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Ortigosa, André Schiavon Perez. "Metodologia para a análise estrutural estática e dinâmica de ventiladores centrífugos: emprego de métodos analíticos e numéricos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3152/tde-03072013-111324/.
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A análise de tensões em impelidores de ventiladores centrífugos pelo método dos elementos finitos revela que seus componentes são altamente solicitados e sujeitos a campos de tensões complexos. Tradicionalmente, o projeto estrutural de impelidores centrífugos é realizado a partir do cálculo das tensões estáticas provenientes da força centrífuga, e o comportamento dinâmico do impelidor é frequentemente verificado através de estudos de vibrações livres frente ao conhecimento das fontes de excitação. Por tal abordagem não é realizada qualquer avaliação quanto aos níveis de tensões dinâmicas nos componentes do impelidor. Neste trabalho, contudo, a determinação das tensões dinâmicas é apresentada como uma importante ferramenta para avaliar a integridade estrutural de um impelidor centrífugo durante a sua operação. Para tanto, cálculos de resposta são realizados no rotor e, isoladamente, no impelidor de um ventilador centrífugo, conduzindo a uma nova metodologia para a análise estrutural destes equipamentos através do método dos elementos finitos.Stress analysis of centrifugal fan impellers through the finite element method reveals that its components are highly stressed and subjected to complex stress fields. Traditionally, the mechanical design of centrifugal impellers is performed from the study of the static stress levels due to the centrifugal force. The impeller dynamic behavior is evaluated through free vibration analysis and also with the knowledge of the main excitation sources. This approach does not consider any assessment on the dynamic response of the impeller components. In this work, however, the dynamic stress determination is presented as an important tool in order to evaluate the structural integrity of centrifugal fan impellers during its operation. For this purpose, frequency response analysis is performed on the rotor and, separately, on the centrifugal fan impeller, leading to a new methodology for structural analysis of these equipment through the finite element method.
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Kopeček, Josef. "Analýza chování koleje na účinky železničních vozidel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409743.
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The diploma thesis deals with the assembly of numerical models of classical track using the finite element method in several variants. Models are compared with results obtained on analytical models. More complex models simulate the real behavior of a track running on a railway vehicle. The purpose is created methodology of modeling the railway track for use in static and dynamic analysis.
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Palosaari, K. (Kari). "Quantitative and semiquantitative imaging techniques in detecting joint inflammation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis:phase-shift water-fat MRI method for fat suppression at 0.23 T, contrast-enhanced dynamic and static MRI, and quantitative 99mTc-nanocolloid scintigraphy." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514288623.
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of 0.23T low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nanocolloid (NC) scintigraphy in assessing joint pathology associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Fat suppression methods combined with contrast media enhancement aid in distinguishing enhancing inflamed tissue from the surrounding fat, especially in the imaging of arthritic joints. The feasibility and image quality of a phase-shift water-fat MRI method for fat suppression at low-field 0.23T open configuration MR scanner was evaluated. The technique was combined with contrast-enhanced imaging to assess the conspicuity of synovial hypertrophy in the joints of 30 RA patients. Improved conspicuity and delineation of synovitis was detected with this method. However, because of a great amount of manual post processing, future development is needed to make this method more feasible.
Contrast-enhanced MRI and NC scintigraphy may provide objective and quantitative information about the inflammatory activity in arthritic joints. The value of quantitative and semiquantitative measures of inflammation derived from NC scintigraphy and low-field MRI of the wrist joint of 28 early RA patients was evaluated. Furthermore, it was investigated whether these parameters have predictive value of further erosive development during two years of follow-up.
Strong correlations were detected between the NC scintigraphy and MRI measures, and these parameters were associated with laboratory markers of inflammation. During the two-year follow-up, the initial MRI and NC scintigraphy measures were closely related with the progression of wrist joint erosions.
Small erosive-like bone defects can occasionally be found in wrist MRI of patients without clinically overt arthritis. The prevalence of these lesions was studied in bilateral wrist MRI examinations of 31 healthy persons. Small lesions resembling erosions were detected in 14 out of 31 subjects. Altogether 24 of the 930 wrist bones evaluated showed such lesions (3%). Thus small changes resembling erosions can be found in the wrist MRI of healthy subjects; the significance of these findings must always be interpreted with reference to the clinical picture.
In conclusion, early RA patients with high local inflammatory activity, as detected by NC scintigraphy and MRI are at risk of developing further bone damage. Furthermore, in the follow-up of early RA patients, if clinically sustained response is not achieved, these methods help to identify patients who need more intensive drug treatment.
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Birdi, Bhavneet Kaur. "A Study of Dynamic + Static Space." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33577.
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Architecture and dance are both able to communicate through a language of rhythm and choreography. The fluidity and balance of a dancer as an artistic endeavor can be an inspiration, to develop analogous architectural forms as a kind of transcribed motions of the dance.
A dancer''s movements and pauses can be interpreted as dynamic and static architectural moments. Dynamic space suggests to be active, and continuous, while static aims to be passive, tranquil and defined.
A proposal for an Art Center consisting of theater and a studio space serves as a vehicle to explore formally the spatial components inspired by dance. In the proposal, the theater embodies the active expression of motion. This provides a dynamic architectural space through two concentric curved enclosures that expand and contract horizontally and vertically. In contrast, the studios form a static shell, promoting a serene environment where the architecture frames the dancer''s activity.
The duality of dynamic and static architectural space in the work is a primary framework. The dynamic expresses the kinetic nature of architectural elements in space; in contrast, the static reveals the potential of a precisely measured room to achieve a balanced harmony when juxtaposed together.Master of Architecture
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Pikšilingytė, Elita. "Sunkiosios technikos masės nustatymo metodų analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140613_100844-03233.
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Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjama dinaminio svėrimo įranga A1 Vilnius– Kaunas–Klaipėda kelyje. Išnagrinėtas statinis ir dinaminis svėrimo metodas, naudojama įranga, jos tikslumas ir efektyvumas. Analizuojama dinaminio svėrimo sistema, jos konstrukcija, veikimo principas. Tiriamas įrangos tikslumas. Atliekamas 2012 ir 2013 m. tyrimas pagal Klaipėdos transporto inspekcijos duomenis. Nustatoma, kurios klasės transporto priemonės padarė daugiausia pažeidimų. Nustatoma, kiek transporto priemonių viršijo leistiną apkrovą bei leistinus matmenis. Išnagrinėjus teorinius ir praktinius aspektus, pateikiamos baigiamojo darbo išvados ir pasiūlymai. Darbą sudaro 6 dalys: įvadas, literatūros apžvalga, tiriamoji dalis, eksperimentinis tyrimas, išvados ir siūlymai, literatūros sąrašas. Darbo apimtis – 63 p. teksto be priedų, 50 iliustr., 7 lent., 13 bibliografinių šaltinių. Atskirai pridedami darbo priedai.The main objective of this master thesis is to analize dynamic weighing system in A1 Vilnius–Kaunas–Klaipėda road. There were analized static and dynamic weighing methods, used equipment, it‘s accuracy and efficiency. Dynamic weighing system ,it‘s construction, accuracy, working principle has been studied. According Klaipėda‘s transport inspection data, 2012 and 2013 years research has been made. Research shows which type of vehicles makes most violations. Determined how many vehicles exceeded permissible load and permissible dimensions. After theoretical and experimental analysis aspects, final conclusions and recommendations were suggested. Structure consists of 6 parts: introduction, literature overview, test part, experimental part, conclusions and suggestions, references. Thesis consist of: 63 p. text without appendixes, 50 pictures, 7 tables, 13 bibliographical entries. Appendixes included.