Relevant bibliographies by topics / Static character

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Static character'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 16 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Static character"

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Liu, Lin, and Wenjun Jiang. "Study On The Graphic Structure And The Communication Ways Of Chinese Characters In The Light Of New Media." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 05064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123605064.

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Objective The new media has promoted the presentation of three-dimensional dynamic Chinese character images on the screen, with temporal and spacial, virtual and interactive characteristics. Therefore, this article aims to study the influence of new media art on the graphic structure and the communication ways of Chinese characters. Method Through the Exploration of the graphic structure of Chinese character and screen, visual representations of the character image and communication ways of the image, this article makes it clear that the character image supported by the new media technology is expanded from two-dimensional to three-dimensional mode, from static to dynamic state. Conclusions There appears more and more three-dimensional character image design which is presented with the new media. For example, animation and hypertext technology add the concept of motion to Chinese character, which means characters are designed in a dynamic way, getting rid of the traditional static subtitle presentation and bringing character design unprecedented opportunities and challenges.
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Israelit, Mark, and Nathan Rosen. "The static character of prematter particles." Foundations of Physics 22, no. 4 (1992): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00732922.

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Liu, Xiao, Zhenping Xie, and Senlin Jiang. "Personalized Non-Player Characters: A Framework for Character-Consistent Dialogue Generation." AI 6, no. 5 (2025): 93. https://doi.org/10.3390/ai6050093.

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Generating character-consistent and personalized dialogue for Non-Player Characters (NPCs) in Role-Playing Games (RPGs) poses significant challenges, especially due to limited memory retention and inconsistent character representation. This paper proposes a framework for generating personalized dialogues based on character-specific knowledge. By combining static knowledge fine-tuning and dynamic knowledge graph technology, the framework generates dialogue content that is more aligned with character settings and is highly personalized. Specifically, the paper introduces a protective static knowledge fine-tuning approach to ensure that the language model does not generate content beyond the character’s cognitive scope during conversations. Additionally, dynamic knowledge graphs are employed to store and update the interaction history between NPCs and players, forming unique “experience-response” patterns. During dialogue generation, the paper first parses player input into an Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) graph, retrieves relevant memory nodes from the knowledge graph, and constructs a fused graph structure. This integrated graph is encoded via a graph neural network to generate high-dimensional semantic vectors, which are then used to retrieve and supplement knowledge from the vector database. Ultimately, the model generates personalized responses consistent with the NPC’s identity. Experimental results demonstrate that the framework significantly enhances the authenticity of NPC dialogues and player immersion and performs well on multiple large-scale language models.
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Chien, Yu-Hung. "Learning and Context of Use for Small-Screen Leading Displays on Visual Performance in a Chinese Sample." Perceptual and Motor Skills 108, no. 2 (2009): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.108.2.505-512.

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Leading displays represent mechanisms for exhibiting temporal instead of spatial information to overcome the limited display space of mobile devices. Prior studies focused only on information presented but disregarded the influence of context of use and learnability. In this study, 12 Chinese-speaking college students were presented a small-screen mobile device that simultaneously showed 100 Chinese characters and a 30-character leading display. Analyzed were presentation rate (250, 350, and 450 characters per minute), presentation mode (character-by-character or word-by-word), and learning (5 practice sessions) by instructing the subjects to perform a static information search task to identify the location of target characters on the screen and through an evaluation of reading comprehension for the text presented in the leading display. There was no significant change in performance over the 5 days of practice, but the rate of presentation and word-by-word presentation significantly affected reading comprehension. Results indicated that none of the leading-display factors distracted subjects from the static information-search task, but they were influenced by comprehension of the leading-display content.
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Pascarini, Elsa Oktaviana, and Ni Made Verayanti Utami. "A Study about the Types of Characters in the Adam Project Movie." Austronesian: Journal of Language Science & Literature 4, no. 1 (2025): 30–46. https://doi.org/10.59011/austronesian.4.1.2025.30-46.

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This study explores the diverse types of characters depicted in The Adam Project movie using the characterization frameworks proposed by Nurgiyantoro (2010) and Pope (2005). Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the research identifies and categorizes six main characters-Adam Reed, young Adam Reed, Laura Shane, Louis Reed, Ellie Reed, and Maya Sorian-based on their roles and character traits. The findings reveal that protagonist characters dominate the film, followed by various character types such as major, minor, simple, dynamic, round, static, and antagonist roles. Each character’s classification is supported by specific scenes and dialogue extracted from the film and its transcript. The study demonstrates how character types contribute significantly to narrative development and provides a framework for analyzing character roles in cinematic storytelling. This analysis is expected to enhance understanding of character construction in film studies and serve as a reference for future character-based literary research.
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Kinanti, Laras Wahyu, Bambang Eko Siagiyanto, and Aulia Hanifah Qomar. "ANALYSIS OF MAIN CHARACTERS IN BEAUTY AND THE BEAST MOVIE BY JOHN ALVIN." Journal of English Education and Enterpreneurship (JEEP) 2, no. 1 (2022): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24127/jeep.v2i1.1747.

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The research discusses about main characters in “Beauty and The Beast” Movie. Maincharacters is the figure whose story is prioritized in a literary work in question. Because thatis the most widely told character, both as the perpetrators of events and those subject toevents. The objectives of this research are to know kind of characters in beauty and the beastmovie and to explain how are the main characters described. Character in movie is the objectof this research. The main character is the subject of this research. The method of thisresearch is Descriptive Qualitative research. The result of this study are found 6 kind of characters, 2 main characters and 10characters. Kind of characters consist of protagonist, antagonist, dynamic, round, static andflat were 13 data, main characters consist of Belle and the beast and characters consist ofhumble, friendly, curious, helpful, loving, brave, struggle, angry, arrogant and feel guilty were10 data. Based on the data it can be concluded that in beauty and the beast movie only found6 kind of character and 10 characters except main characters only 2 are analyzed.
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Yata, Susumu, Masaki Oono, Kazuhiro Morita, Masao Fuketa, Toru Sumitomo, and Jun-ichi Aoe. "A compact static double-array keeping character codes." Information Processing & Management 43, no. 1 (2007): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2006.04.004.

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Kulshreshtha, Prakhar, and Tanaya Guha. "Dynamic character graph via online face clustering for movie analysis." Multimedia Tools and Applications 79, no. 43-44 (2020): 33103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-09449-6.

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Abstract An effective approach to automated movie content analysis involves building a network (graph) of its characters. Existing work usually builds a static character graph to summarize the content using metadata, scripts or manual annotations. We propose an unsupervised approach to building a dynamic character graph that captures the temporal evolution of character interaction. We refer to this as the character interaction graph (CIG). Our approach has two components: (i) an online face clustering algorithm that discovers the characters in the video stream as they appear, and (ii) simultaneous creation of a CIG using the temporal dynamics of the resulting clusters. We demonstrate the usefulness of the CIG for two movie analysis tasks: narrative structure (acts) segmentation and major character retrieval. Our evaluation on full-length movies containing more than 5000 face tracks shows that the proposed approach achieves superior performance for both the tasks.
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Cmentowski, Sebastian, Sukran Karaosmanoglu, Fabian Kievelitz, Frank Steinicke, and Jens Krüger. "A Matter of Perspective: Designing Immersive Character Transitions for Virtual Reality Games." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 7, CHI PLAY (2023): 73–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3611023.

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Virtual reality (VR) games intensify storytelling experiences by letting players take the role of a character. However, in contrast to films, novels, or games, VR experiences often remain centered around one single character without using the potential of complex multiprotagonist plots. Our work engages in this critical topic by investigating the design of immersive and natural transitions between different characters. First, we conducted a scoping review to identify existing multiprotagonist VR games (N=18) and grouped their used transition techniques into four categories. Based on these findings and prior research, we designed two transition techniques (Static Map vs. Rebodying) and conducted a between-participants (N=36) study to explore their effect on user experience. Our results show that Rebodying outperforms Static Map regarding the perceived realism, acceptance, and spatial understanding of the character transitions. Both conditions do not differ significantly in terms of cybersickness. Finally, we provide future directions for developing, improving, and exploring of multiprotagonist transition techniques in VR games.
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Ulfa Rahma Dhini. "The Characters In “The Pursuit Of Happyness” By Gabriella Muccino." CENDEKIA: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Bahasa dan Pendidikan 3, no. 1 (2023): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/cendikia.v3i1.695.

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The goal of this study is to describe the focus of the research that consists of the characters in the film “The Pursuit of Happyness “by Gabriella Muccino. The data were taken based on the quotations that focus on the characters found in the film script and time sequence “The Story of My Life”. The research is analyzed by using the qualitative approach. The kind of characters is based on eight instruments, they are major, minor, protagonist, antagonist, flat, round, static, and dynamic. This study is conducted based on literature reviews by observing documents from the film. The film consists of 1 hour 57 minutes duration and 103 pages of the original script. The findings that are found based on the observation from this film were significant. The character instruments consist of Minor by 30% % at the highest position, then Protagonist by 20 %, static by 10 %, antagonist by 10 %, Dynamic by 10 %, Round by 10 %, and Major by 7 %. and flat by 3%. The conclusions showed that the character that emerged as the minor character that consists in this film makes this film more interesting. After analyzing this film, the writer concluded that this element emerged from the major character’s hard work and self-empowerment strength that builds the personal competence involving personal journey and process of understanding as the effect of many problems in his life.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Static character"

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Chaudhry, Ehtzaz. "Skin deformation and animation of character models based on static and dynamic ordinary differential equations." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2016. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/25037/.

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Animated characters play an important role in the field of computer animation, simulation and games. The basic criterion of good character animation is that the animated characters should appear realistic. This can be achieve through proper skin deformations for characters. Although various skin deformation approaches (Joint-based, Example-based, Physics-based, Curve-based and PDE-based) have been developed, the problem of generating realistic skin deformations efficiently with a small data set is a big challenge. In order to address the limitations of skin deformation, this thesis presents a workflow consisting of three main steps. First, the research has developed a new statistical method to determine the positions of joints based on available X-ray images. Second, an effective method for transferring the deformations of the curves to the polygonal model with high accuracy has been developed. Lastly, the research has produced a simple and efficient method to animate skin deformations by introducing a curved-based surface manipulation method combined with physics and data-driven approaches. The novelty of this method depends on a new model of dynamic deformations and an efficient finite difference solution of the model. The application examples indicate that the curve-based dynamic method developed in this thesis can achieve good realism and high computational efficiency with small data sets in the creation of skin deformations.
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Alanazi, Fatimah. "COMMUNICATING EMOTIONS USING CLOTH COLORS, BODY POSES, AND FACIAL EXPRESSIONS ON STATIC VIRTUAL CHARACTERS." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2306.

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The aim of this study is to determine factors that influence people’s perceptions toward perceived emotion of virtual characters. In the experiment, two characters (male and female) were design in three different cases. The first case is in the facial expression (happy, sad and neutral). The second case is on the cloth color (positive, negative, and calm). The third case is in the body positions (happy, sad, and neutral pose). An online survey was developed after combining all variations of facial expression, body expression, and color of cloth with 54 images to evaluate the factors. The survey webpage link was sent via email to 100 graduate and undergraduate students, and workers at SIUC. A total of 30 students participate (18 females, 12 males), ages from 19-42 years in this study for a 30% response rate. Using ANOVA from SPSS, it was found that all the four factors (character gender, face motion, body emotion, and cloth color) are statistically significant predictors of peoples' perception toward the virtual characters. However, the body motion factor was the strongest predictor from the three predictors.
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Escobar, Virginia Lizette. "Lessons in Character Development." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2863.

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The purpose of the project was to provide first grade teachers at the Baldwin Park Unified School District with teaching approaches, tools, and strategies in instructing their students in character development education. These approaches, tools, and strategies will support students' academic learning as they develop a deeper comprehension of responsibility skills.
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Clemans, Craig C. "Does the United States Naval Academy Admissions Board evaluate an applicant's moral values : if so, how? /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FClemans.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Leadership and Human Resource Development)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2005.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Leslie E. Sekerka, Dana P. French, Jr. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-93). Also available online.
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Volpe, Dennis J. "Educating tomorrow's leaders today : a comparison of the officer development programs of the United States Naval Academy and the United States Air Force Academy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FVolpe.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Leadership and Human Resource Development)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Alice Crawford, Jeff McCausland. Includes bibliographical references (p. 91-94). Also available online.
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Taft, William G. "Affordable heritage : the benefits of preserving the historic character of affordable housing." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/902462.

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The purpose of this project was to create a document which would inform readers involved with urban community development of the benefits of integrating historic preservation into their affordable housing programs. Preservation's roots in community activism are explored and compared to the community development movement. The goals of the historic preservation movement are explained as they apply to an urban context. The document also describes the achievements of preservation in ending the damage caused by urban renewal and creating a broad public appreciation of historic buildings. Development tools related to preservation are shown to be useful for urban revitalization. Readers are informed of the elements of architectural and community character which preservationists seek to save. The definition and appropriateness of several levels of preservation are discussed in terms of when they are pragmatically useful. Neighborhoods in Savannah, Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Indianapolis, and Baltimore which have used preservation to revitalize for the poor are profiled. Several single family projects performed by an Indianapolis CDC are analyzed to determine the added cost of integrating preservation into their rehab, with the result showing that added costs are low or non existent. Three multi-unit housing rehabs in Indianapolis are analyzed to determine the cost of preservation work, and these also revealed that although preservation added less than 10% to the cost of the project, it brought valuable tax credits which raised equity exceeding these costs. The effect of preservation on low-income urban neighborhoods was broken down into benefits and costs, with benefits such as increasing property values and attracting investment to the neighborhood seeming to outweigh potential costs such as increases in taxes and rents. This advantage was particularly true if a non-profit community organization targeted their development at meeting the needs of those most likely to suffer from the costs of preservation. The document closes with guidelines on how a CDC can analyze the utility and compatibility of preservation with its existing purpose and programs. The general thrust of the conclusion is that preservation is a valuable tool for upgrading low-income communities for their existing residents, as long as it is teamed with other mechanisms to meet the needs of the disadvantaged.<br>Department of Architecture
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Stine, William V. "A study in applying optical character recognition technology for the Foreign Broadcast Information Service field bureaus." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03172010-020135/.

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Stites, Russell. "Creating the Character of North Texas: Demographics and Geography, 1841-1861." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609095/.

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Several historians have identified North Texas as constituting a unique cultural region in antebellum Texas, due to the more limited cotton and slave economies and greater opposition to secession. Different settlement patterns have been put forward as an explanation for the distinct "character" of North Texas, with North Texas being portrayed as being settled largely by migrants from the Upper South while the rest of the state was primarily settled by Lower Southerners. The argument rests on the assumption of differing economic and political cultures between Upper and Lower Southerners. This study investigates migration into North Texas counties and the economic life and secession vote in those counties. It challenges the simplistic dichotomy between migrants from the Upper and Lower South by demonstrating the similar rates at which these two groups grew cotton and owned slaves. It also illustrates how geographic considerations better explain the apparent distinctions between North Texas and the rest of the state. Transportation limitations are likely the reason for the more limited cultivation of cotton and, consequently, the lowered importance of slavery in North Texas. Concerns about Indian depredations following the removal of federal troops in the case of secession also seem to have promoted Unionist turnout in the secession vote. The seemingly unique qualities of North Texas appear to have been more practical than political.
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Hansen, Glenn J. "The informational function of communicative sources in presidential campaigns : effects on issue knowledge and character evaluation /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3137706.

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Taylor, William Nelson. "Do Not Eat Fish from These Waters and Other Stories." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278886/.

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Earl suffers from a guilty obsession with a monster catfish. Eddie Klomp searches dog tracks for the ghosts of his lost childhood. Mike Towns is a hopeless blues musician who loses everything he cares for. Blair Evans learns to love a pesky wart. Americana becomes confused with the difference between knowledge and sex. Do Not Eat Fish from These Waters And Other Stories is a collection of short stories that explores the strange and often defeated lives of these Southern characters (and one from the point-of-view of a feral hog). Each man, woman, and hog flails through a period of potential metamorphosis trying to find some sort of meaning and worth in the past, present and future. Not all of these characters succeed.
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Books on the topic "Static character"

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Milligan, Peter. X-Statix : Good Omens. Marvel Comics, 2003.

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Milligan, Peter. X-Statix : Good Guys & Bad Guys. Marvel Comics, 2003.

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M, Wilson John R., ed. Forging the American character. 2nd ed. Prentice Hall, 1997.

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M, Wilson John R., ed. Forging the American character. 3rd ed. Prentice Hall, 2000.

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1941-, Lamb Brian, ed. Booknotes: On American character. PublicAffairs, 2004.

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Wilkinson, Rupert. The pursuit of American character. Harper & Row, 1988.

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Capua, Sarah De. J.C. Watts Jr.: Character counts. Children's Press, 1998.

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Sheehy, Gail. Character: America's search for leadership. Morrow, 1988.

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Tom, Brokaw, ed. American character: A photographic journey. Chronicle Books, 2009.

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Sheehy, Gail. Character: America's search for leadership. Morrow, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Static character"

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Ichikawa, Sumiaki, and Fumio Hara. "Effects of Static and Dynamic Variety in the Character of Robots on Group Intelligence of Multi-Robot System." In Distributed Autonomous Robotic Systems 4. Springer Japan, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-67919-6_9.

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Li, Huaiyin. "List of characters." In The Making of the Modern Chinese State. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429432071-14.

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Smith, Jinney S. "Reducing Delinquency by Improving Character." In Juvenile Delinquency in the United States and the United Kingdom. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-27412-3_9.

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Lüdeke, Roger. "The Sublime Character of Gothic Fiction (1764-1847)." In Therapie der Dinge? transcript Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839464762-014.

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This essay argues that the Gothic novel enacts the material precariousness of its fictional worlds through the psychological disposition, equally precarious, of its characters. In Gothic fiction, the precariousness of characters manifests in psychological phenomena based on dubious information, seductive fantasies, and overpowering affects and emotions. Following a psychoanalytic theory of sublimation, I show that these mental states indicate a physiological-material excess within the subject, and I examine how the character-subjects of Gothic fiction develop in relation to this bodily and material dimension of their being. At the same time, this approach is concerned with the measure of autonomy and self-conduct that characters of Gothic fiction are enabled to maintain in response to precisely this corpo-reality. I will put this materialist approach to the test by examining three of the classics: The Castle of Otranto (1764) by Horace Walpole, Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights (1847), and Northanger Abbey (1817) by Jane Austen. I hope to show that the Gothic novel forms a test case for us to rethink the ontology of literary characters in both literary and ethical terms, while enabling ways of exploration that may as well apply to other, non-Gothic styles of fictional world-making.
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Lundskow, George. "White Supremacy, Masculinity, Patriotism, Social Character." In White Supremacy and Anti-Supremacy Forces in the United States. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60563-5_1.

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Pratt, George. "Static Harmony, Consonance and Dissonance." In The Dynamics of Harmony Principles & Practice. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198790204.003.0001.

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Abstract Harmony consists of vertically constructed chords and their horizontal relationship to each other. The smallest number of notes which will create self-sufficient and consonant harmony as opposed to a single note, is two, the ROOT and the THIRD. The density of this sound is increased by the addition of a FIFTH to create a TRIAD, three notes such as those in Ex. la. Whether the third is major or minor determines the ‘major’ or ‘minor’ character of the chord. Triads with major thirds are conventionally indicated by capital Roman numerals, ‘I’, ‘V’, etc. Lowercase numerals, ‘i’, ‘ii’, ‘vi’, indicate triads with minor thirds.
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"Visual-Based Character Origination, Design, Development, and Evolution for Learning." In Visual Approaches to Instructional Design, Development, and Deployment. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3946-0.ch006.

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People can be highly responsive to the so-called “personality frame” through which to learn. Such framing may be achieved through a live human actor, a tutor agent, a non-playable character in a game, a representation of a professional, a digital avatar in a virtual world, an artificial intelligence (AI) robot, or some other representation of an individual being. Various types of characters—real or imaginary, dynamic (animated) or static, humanoid or animal or other—may appear in online teaching and learning. Various dimensions of a character's appearance, sound, communications, behaviors, actions, and other dimensions may communicate something of their designed (scripted) personality and motivations, resulting in learner engagement, learner interactions with the learning. This chapter explores visual-based character origination, design, development, and evolution for learning.
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Hai-Jew, Shalin. "Exploratory Visual Digital Character and Visual Digital Scene Design Using Artmaking Generative AI." In Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-1950-5.ch006.

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Static visual illustrations with characters and scenes play an important role in story problems and other pedagogical narratives. Such visuals may better engage learners, connect learners with the learning sequence, set the emotional tone, evoke settings, emphasize critical moments, and support the teaching and learning in other ways. With the popularization of artmaking generative AI, a practical question is how well this tool can make visual characters based on character design prompts for both animate and inanimate characters? What about the computerized drawing of scenes in which such characters may be placed, alone or in relation to each other? How difficult is it to prompt the generative AI to create consistent characters from different angles and perspectives? To create consistent scenes and backgrounds? This work explores how practically usable the AI-generated visuals are for the making of characters and scenes, with some light pre-production and post-production, as needed.
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Markham, Peter. "Nomadland." In The Art of the Filmmaker. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197631522.003.0026.

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Abstract This chapter analyzes the scene in which Dave invites Fern to stay at his son’s home and the scenes of her subsequent departure. Screenshots illustrate the first obligatory scene’s five setups, its shooting and cutting stylistically of a piece with the film’s visual discourse even if its characters are fictional and played by accomplished actors, while the elements of composition and mise en scène are integral to the episode’s drama. A comparison of the screenplay with the film is shown to reveal how the filmmaker replaces the page’s suggested business with more effective static staging. Through screenshots and accompanying commentary, the author demonstrates how Zhao utilizes the resources of practical aesthetics, together with sound, to tell visually the story of Fern’s later departure. Finally, the chapter describes how Fern’s subsequent journey is conveyed by precise imagery that reflects the path of the character’s consciousness, an example of how a filmmaker can reveal the inner mind of a character.
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Brower, Andrew V. Z., and Randall T. Schuh. "Characters and Character States." In Biological Systematics. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501752773.003.0003.

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This chapter examines the theory and methods that allow systematists to recognize characters, character states, and the taxa they delimit. In systematics, similarity is a relative relation that exists among at least three things. For a given attribute, two things are more similar to one another than either of them is to a third thing, and when multiple attributes are assessed together, the nested degrees of similarity across the range of attributes provide evidence for hypothesizing phylogenetic relationships. Yet things can be similar in one aspect but not similar in other aspects. Once recognized and characterized in words, a theory of similarity of a feature shared among taxa may be tested in three (often interconnected) ways: (1) conjunction, (2) similarity of structure, and (3) similarity of position. Although the distinction between characters and states may be semantic, treatment of features as alternate states of the same character versus different characters is necessary for the construction of data matrices. How this is done can have important implications for character weights, and potentially the outcome of analyses.
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Conference papers on the topic "Static character"

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Klapper, Helmuth Sarmiento, Catalina Rojas Sarmiento, and Dionisio Laverde Cataño. "Influence of Shear Stress on the Pitting Corrosion Susceptibility of an Austenitic Stainless Steel in Brine Evaluated in the Rotating Cylinder Electrode." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13362.

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Abstract During drilling operations the drillstring might be subjected to downhole conditions leading to pitting corrosion. State-of-the-art directional drilling technologies are very demanding in terms of material requirements including corrosion resistance. Manganese-stabilized fully austenitic stainless steels in strain-hardened condition own a beneficial combination of high strength, high ductility and high toughness, by keeping their own non-magnetic character and . Therefore, CrMn-stainless steels have been extensively used in drilling equipment. Once in contact with high chloride bearing drilling fluids at elevated temperatures, however, their passivity is compromised leading to pit nucleation and propagation. In consequence, the pitting corrosion resistance of these materials becomes a significant limiting factor for their selection as well as for assessing the service life of drillstring components. To date the majority of the research work has been conducted to characterize the pitting susceptibility of CrMn-stainless steels under static conditions. Little attention, however, has been paid to the effect of shear stresses introduced by the flow of the drilling fluid on the pitting resistance and damage morphology produced on these materials when exposed to brines at elevated temperatures. To address this, electrochemical examinations were conducted using the rotating cylinder electrode. The present paper discusses the results from potentiodynamic polarization tests and their relation to the hydrodynamic conditions produced in the RCE at different temperatures.
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Ritter, S., and H. P. Seifert. "Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of Low-Alloy Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels and of a Weld Filler Material under Simulated BWR Environment." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03664.

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Abstract The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of three different nuclear grade reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels (SA 533 B Cl.1, SA 508 Cl.2, 20 MnMoNi 5 5) and of a RPV weld filler material was characterized under simulated boiling water reactor (BWR)/normal water chemistry (NWC) conditions by constant and ripple load tests with pre-cracked fracture mechanics specimens. The experiments were performed in oxygenated high-temperature water at temperatures of either 288, 250, 200 or 150 °C. Modern high-temperature water loops, on-line crack growth monitoring (DCPD) and fractographical analysis by SEM were used to quantify the cracking response. It was concluded that there is no susceptibility to sustained SCC crack growth under purely static loading in oxygenated high-temperature water (ECP ≤ 150 mVSHE) at 288 °C for stress intensity factors KI ≤ 60 MPa·m1/2 if the water chemistry is maintained within current BWR/NWC operational practice (EPRI water chemistry guidelines). However, sustained, fast SCC cannot be excluded for faulted water chemistry conditions and/or for highly stressed specimens, either loaded near to KIJ or with a high degree of plasticity in the remaining ligament. The conservative character of the “BWR VIP 60 SCC disposition lines 1 and 2” for SCC crack growth in low-alloy steels (LAS) has been confirmed by this study for 288 °C and RPV base and weld filler material. Preliminary results indicate that these disposition lines may be significantly exceeded in the case of small load fluctuations at high load ratios (ripple loading) or at intermediate temperatures (200 – 250 °C) in RPV materials, which show a distinct susceptibility to dynamic strain aging (DSA). The concentration of “free” interstitial nitrogen/carbon might therefore be just as relevant for SCC susceptibility as the steel sulfur content or the morphology, size and distribution of the MnS-inclusions, at least under conditions where DSA is typically observed.
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Iwamoto, Satoshi, Wenbo Lin, and Yasutomo Ota. "Optical skyrmion beam generation based on integrated photonics." In JSAP-Optica Joint Symposia. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/jsapo.2024.19p_c43_2.

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Structured light characterized by unique optical fields in space and time has been studied from the viewpoints of fundamental science and applications [1,2]. In addition to widely studied optical vortices and polarization vector beams, optical skyrmion and related optical states, a family of optical fields that have more complex optical fields, have started to get attention recently [3]. Optical skyrmion beams having all polarization states of light in their beam cross-section are one of the family members. Some applications of optical skyrmion exploiting their unique polarization distribution and topological character have been investigated [4,5].
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Liu Shiming. "Protection relay static character emulation program based on MATLAB." In Eighth IEE International Conference on Developments in Power System Protection. IEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:20040154.

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Prasad, Sanugula Durga, and Yashwanth Kanduri. "Telugu handwritten character recognition using adaptive and static zoning methods." In 2016 IEEE Students’ Technology Symposium (TechSym). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/techsym.2016.7872700.

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Renuka R, Suganya V, and Arun Kumar B. "Online hand written character recognition using Digital Pen for static authentication." In 2014 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccci.2014.6921792.

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Lal, Sangeeta, and Ashish Sureka. "A static technique for fault localization using character n-gram based information retrieval model." In the 5th India Software Engineering Conference. ACM Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2134254.2134274.

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Zhibin, Liu, and Jin Lianwen. "A Static Candidates Generation Technique and its Application in Two-stage LDA Chinese Character Recognition." In 2007 Chinese Control Conference. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/chicc.2006.4347360.

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Birkeland, Jennifer, Jonathan A. Scelsa, and John Paul Rysavvy. "The Lawn Game: Programming the Non-Static View." In 108th Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.29.

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In his article, “Is Landscape Architecture?,” David Leatherbarrow describes a critical transformation in the modern construction of ground away from a tradition of a singular vantage as a constructed image. Leatherbarrow writes, ‘no interpretation has come under more forceful criticism... Instead of images or pictures, contemporary landscapes are intended to offer effects, which are not matters of form, but the visible aspects of operations.” He suggests the practice of landscape as an image was rejected in the modern era because it falsified the “terrain as static...neglecting the fact that it is always inescapably developmental, dynamic or metabolic in character.” Leatherbarrow draws attention to the contemporary critique of the pre-modern landscape designer, whose interest in the pictorial ignored the alive and ever-changing nature of vegetation and earth. Hence the contemporary landscape designer decries the notion that landscape should demonstrate itself as driven by life and death — in the form of ecology on a site, or of social programming that would bring form to design. As such, the discipline of landscape during the modern era formed an indictment on practices of designing through the use of a picture plane and stationary view point in favor of a planometric organizations of ground effects.
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Jinrong, Qiu, and Lin Yuansheng. "Transient Simulation Modeling of Condenser Based on Thermal System Dynamics." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67789.

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Complex process such as heat transfer, mass transfer and flow is occurring in the condenser, simulation analysis is an effective method of studying its dynamical character. Conventionally, simulation of condenser is modeled basing on thermal system static, the content and depth of research is not enough. Aiming at understanding its transient character deeply, condenser modeling is carried out basing on the view and method of thermal system dynamics, the parameter of the object is treated as coupling parameter. Adapting a set of ordinary differential equations, the model can reflect the transient character of condenser effectively. The model can reflect the coupling relationship between the parameters which can’t be obtained through the previous simulation model. The model has simple form and can be computed conveniently.
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Reports on the topic "Static character"

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Ksepka, Daniel, and Kristin Lamm. Systematics and Biodiversity Conservation. American Museum of Natural History, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5531/cbc.ncep.0024.

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This exercise uses a fictional group of turtles to demonstrate how to implement cladistic methodology. Using a step-by-step guide, students work to find the most parsimonious cladogram for these fictional turtles. Part I involves delineating characters and building a most parsimonious cladogram based on the distribution of character states, while Part II presents additional challenges by introducing homoplasy. This exercise is designed to familiarize students with the concepts of phylogeny and cladistics, expand their skills of phylogenetic analysis, and use phylogenetic information to determine conservation priority.
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Harvey, Jacob. Molecule Origins of Dipolar Character in Excited Electronic States. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1670520.

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Smith, Adam, August Fuelberth, Sunny Adams, and Carey Baxter. Camp Perry historic district contributing buildings : character-defining features. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42580.

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The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (NHPA) established the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), which requires federal agencies to address their cultural resources, defined as any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, structure, or object. NHPA Section 110 requires federal agencies to inventory and evaluate their cultural resources. Section 106 requires them to determine the effect of federal undertakings on properties deemed eligible or potentially eligible for the NRHP. Camp Perry Joint Training Center (Camp Perry) is located near Port Clinton, Ohio, and serves as an Ohio Army National Guard (OHARNG) training site. It served as an induction center during federal draft periods and as a prisoner of war camp during World War II. Previous work established boundaries for a historic district and recommended the district eligible for the NRHP. This project inventoried and analyzed the character-defining features of the seven contributing buildings and one grouping of objects (brick lamp posts) at Camp Perry. The analysis is to aid future Section 106 processes and/or the development of a programmatic agreement in consultation with the Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO).
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Smith, Adam, Susan Enscore, and Sunny Adams. Character-defining features of contributing buildings and structures in the United States Merchant Marine Academy Historic District. Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (U.S.), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/27476.

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Kelly, Luke. Evidence on Measures to Address Security in Camp Settings. Institute of Development Studies, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.052.

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This rapid literature review finds that authorities use a range of methods to reduce insecurity in camps. Security in camps can be addressed through better planning of services by camp management, by more involvement of refugees, and through the use of outside security support. However, the militarisation of camps is a broader problem that requires political support from a number of stakeholders. The review focuses on insecurity arising from conflict (militarisation) and from crime and disputes within and around camps. It starts from the position that camps for refugees or internally displaced persons (IDPs) should be ‘civilian and humanitarian in character’, and thus, they should not host active combatants or fighters or support conflict. The rights of camp residents - e.g. non-refoulment of refugees - should be respected. In the case of insecurity arising from crime and disputes within and around camps, security measures should be proportionate and consider refugee protection. This review surveys evaluations and academic papers on camp security management. There is a significant body of evidence on the problem of camp militarisation in settings including Zaire/DRC, Thailand, Lebanon and the former Yugoslavia. However, the review has found relatively little evidence on successful efforts to counter militarisation in cases of conflict. It has found case studies and evaluations of a number of programmes to improve lower-level camp security, or in cases where conflict has abated. There are several reviews of UNHCR ’security packages’ involving support to host state police in African countries. These lessons are focused on how to engage with refugee and host populations, as well as host states, and how to manage security services. Guidance on camp management is also surveyed. There is very little evidence discussing liaison arrangements beyond stating the need to provide protection training and oversight for security forces; and the need for principled engagement with states and non-state conflict parties.
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Pilkevych, Ihor, Oleg Boychenko, Nadiia Lobanchykova, Tetiana Vakaliuk, and Serhiy Semerikov. Method of Assessing the Influence of Personnel Competence on Institutional Information Security. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4374.

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Modern types of internal threats and methods of counteracting these threats are analyzed. It is established that increasing the competence of the staff of the institution through training (education) is the most effective method of counteracting internal threats to information. A method for assessing the influence of personnel competence on institutional information security is proposed. This method takes into account violator models and information threat models that are designed for a specific institution. The method proposes to assess the competence of the staff of the institution by three components: the level of knowledge, skills, and character traits (personal qualities). It is proposed to assess the level of knowledge based on the results of test tasks of different levels of complexity. Not only the number of correct answers is taken into account, but also the complexity of test tasks. It is proposed to assess the assessment of the level of skills as the ratio of the number of correctly performed practical tasks to the total number of practical tasks. It is assumed that the number of practical tasks, their complexity is determined for each institution by the direction of activity. It is proposed to use a list of character traits for each position to assess the character traits (personal qualities) that a person must have to effectively perform the tasks assigned to him. This list should be developed in each institution. It is proposed to establish a quantitative assessment of the state of information security, defining it as restoring the amount of probability of occurrence of a threat from the relevant employee to the product of the general threat and employees of the institution. An experiment was conducted, the results of which form a particular institution show different values of the level of information security of the institution for different values of the competence of the staff of the institution. It is shown that with the increase of the level of competence of the staff of the institution the state of information security in the institution increases.
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Hickson, C. J. Character of volcanism, volcanic hazards, and risk, northern end of the Cascade magmatic arc, British Columbia and Washington State. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/203253.

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Dinger, Eric, and Eric Dinger. Analysis of stream types in Klamath Network parks based on physical habitat and chemical characters. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2306085.

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This is the first ?Analysis and Synthesis? report required by the Klamath Inventory and Monitoring Network?s stream monitoring protocol. This report synthesizes the physical and chemical attributes of streams surveyed by the Klamath Network between 2011 and 2018 in the following parks: Crater Lake National Park, Lassen Volcanic National Park, Whiskeytown National Recreation Area, Redwood National and State Parks, and Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve). Where possible, it categorizes individual streams into groups using multivariate exploratory analyses and assigns statistical significance to the groups via Similarity Profile analyses. Streams are sorted into similar groups for eight different metric categories: Channel Morphology (e.g., bank angle, width, depth, etc.), Habitat Complexity (amount and types of cover), Large Woody Debris (categories of length and diameter of fallen wood), Riparian Characters (e.g., percent cover of tree, shrub, and groundcover types), Slope and Sinuosity, Stream Substrate (e.g., percent fine substrate, median substrate size), Water Chemistry (e.g., nutrients and salts), and Water Quality (e.g., dissolved oxygen, turbidity). Secondary to the categorization of streams within each park, the streams are compared among parks to identify which parks may have similar streams. Similar streams potentially share both common stressors and common management practices for resource management. The analyses in this report form the foundation of future work; they are ?basic? results. Follow-up work will use these basic results more fully, such as for analyses that incorporate biological data and support trend reports. The main body of the report presents a high-level overview of individual park results and inter-park comparisons. The appendices present full results for each park, including numerous figures and maps. Oregon Caves National Monument and Preserve results are limited by small sample size (n = 3) and the hand-selected sampling scheme we used instead of a probabilistic sampling scheme. However, including Oregon Caves? sites in this analysis puts them into a larger network context.
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Fuelberth, August S., Adam D. Smith, and Sunny E. Adams. Fort McCoy, Wisconsin Building 550 maintenance plan. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/38659.

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Building 550 (former World War II fire station) is located on Fort McCoy, Wisconsin, and was recommended eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 2018 (Smith and Adams 2018). The building is currently vacant. It is an intact example of an 800 Series World War II fire station with character-defining features of its period of significance from 1939 to 1946 on its exterior and interior. All buildings, especially historic ones, require regular planned maintenance and repair. The most notable cause of historic building element failure and/or decay is not the fact that the historic building is old, but rather it is caused by incorrect or inappropriate repair and/or basic neglect of the historic building fabric. This document is a maintenance manual compiled with as-is conditions of construction materials of Building 550. The Secretary of Interior Guidelines on rehabilitation and repair per material are discussed to provide the cultural resources manager at Fort McCoy a guide to maintain this historic building. This report satisfies Section 110 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966 as amended and will help the Fort McCoy Cultural Resources Management office to manage this historic building.
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Ismailova, L. Yu, O. O. Zhuravleva, O. I. Bazhenova, V. S. Zaytsev, and I. O. Sleptsov. educational computer game "family meeting" (version 1.0). SIB-Expertise, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0578.04072022.

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COMPUTER LEARNING GAME DESIGNED TO STUDY FAMILY LAW. THE GAME ALLOWS IN AN INTERACTIVE MODE TO TEST YOUR STRENGTH IN SOLVING A LARGE NUMBER OF THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL QUESTIONS. THE STUDENT CAN WORK OUT NEW TOPICS BY USING THE GAME’S EXPLANATIONS AND REFERENCES TO NORMATIVE ACTS SO CHECK YOUR UPTAKE. THE GAME CHARACTERS AND THEIR EXPRESSIONS MOTIVATE THE PLAYER TO CAREFULLY WORK WITH THE OBJECT AND THE OBJECT OF THE GAME AND TO WORK ON THESE TOPICS INDEPENDENTLY. THE CONTENT OF THE GAME IS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STATE STANDARD PROGRAM OF "JURISPRUDENCE". THE MAIN OBJECTIVE OF THE GAME. THE GAME "THE MEETING" CAN BE USEFUL FOR LAW STUDENTS AND FACULTIES, PRACTISING LAWYERS AND ANYONE WISHING TO IMPROVE THEIR QUALIFICATIONS IN THE FIELD OF FAMILY LAW.
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