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Journal articles on the topic 'Static perspective of competition'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Moga, Teodor Lucian, and Denis Alexeev. "Post-Soviet States Between Russia and the EU: Reviving Geopolitical Competition? A Dual Perspective." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 13, no. 1 (2013): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/connections.13.1.03.

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Falce, Valeria, and Massimiliano Granieri. "Search Design Policy, Digital Disruption and Competition Law." Market and Competition Law Review 1, no. 2 (October 1, 2017): 15–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7559/mclawreview.2017.348.

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It is debatable whether traditional competition law tools and remedies are able to deal with the digital disruption and whether it is desirable to adjust or even replace categories that have proven to be mainly suited to tackle anticompetitive conducts associated with stable innovations in market where static competition prevails. From a bottom-up perspective, such Grand Question could well be addressed looking at the European Google Shopping case, just adopted at EU level, that will be analysed below with the aim of assessing whether and to which extent the positive antitrust toolbox is flexible enough to effectively cope with the data-driven era.

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Prieto, Jaime, Miguel-Ángel Gómez, and Jaime Sampaio. "From a Static to a Dynamic Perspective in Handball Match Analysis: a Systematic Review." Open Sports Sciences Journal 8, no. 1 (December 29, 2015): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1875399x01508010025.

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The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of the scientific literature on handball match analysis and to identify potential research areas for future work. Data were collected from Web of Science, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, EBSCO, and ProQuest databases. The initial search found 148 journal articles. Only the papers focused on handball match analysis regarding tactical and technical aspects were considered, for a final list of 25 publications. The complexity approach under which each considered publication was conducted was taken into account (i.e., static vs. dynamic). Therein, authors, main analysis, number of performance indicators under study, considered situational variables, statistics and/or analysis methods, type of competition, number of matches, and sex of participants were distinguished for classification purposes. Research on handball match analysis has evolved over the years, mainly due to the great technological advances. Studies conducted under the classical static complexity approach are the most extended. Studies performed under the relatively new dynamic complexity approach are growing. The present review identified the following main guidelines for future work on handball match analysis: conducting more studies focused on the defensive profile; analyzing handball national leagues and international club competitions; performing more studies in female handball; including game situational variables into the analysis (i.e., game type, match status, game location, quality of opposition, game period); incorporating critical events of the game into the analysis (e.g., team timeouts, exclusions); and, conducting further research from the promising dynamic complexity perspective.

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Wu, Lin Lin, Luo Zhang, and Hui Min Ge. "Pricing Strategy of Public and Individual Competition Transportation System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 209-211 (October 2012): 861–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.209-211.861.

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In the inter-city traffic modes, individual traffic (one person per car) and public transport are the most prevailing means of transportation which have access to the same traffic route. The two traffic modes intervene with each other and result in transport bottlenecks frequently. Based on the above practical situation in the urban traffic, this paper develops the model of transport bottlenecks. This essay establishes the generalized travel cost models of these two traffic modes respectively. The essay analyses the balance point between public transport and individual traffic. It deduces and compares the change of traffic flow and travel cost of individual traffic and that of public transport under static and dynamic pricing policies. This paper deepens people’s understanding of the issues on division of competitive system. Based on the analysis, the paper proposes that from the perspective of sustainable development the government should guide passengers to choose the appropriate traffic mode and adopt the policy of dynamic toll to promote the sustainable development in the area.

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Moga, Teodor Lucian, and Denis Alexeev. "Постсоветские государства между Россией и ЕС: возрождение геополитического соперничества? Двойственная перспектива." Connections: The Quarterly Journal 13, no. 1 (2013): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11610/connections.rus.13.1.03.

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Sölvell, Örjan. "The Competitive Advantage of Nations 25 years – opening up new perspectives on competitiveness." Competitiveness Review 25, no. 5 (October 19, 2015): 471–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-07-2015-0068.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyze how The Competitive Advantage of Nations project led by Professor Michael E. Porter has opened up new perspectives on competitiveness of nations and firms for scholars, practitioners and policymakers. With the publication of The Competitive Advantage of Nations (CAON) book in 1990, Professor Michael E. Porter opened up a whole new perspective on competitiveness and clusters, including both new research avenues and new perspectives for practitioners and politicians. By questioning the traditional, more static and macroeconomic, views on competitiveness, he opened up for a new model of microeconomic drivers of long-run firm competitiveness. The new conceptual model, the Diamond model, pointed to the importance of healthy rivalry and dynamic clusters, in the proximate firm environment, as central to our understanding of how firms build sustainable competitive advantages in global markets. Design/methodology/approach – Literature review and conceptual. Findings – To distinguish between short-term, more static, and long-term, more dynamic competitiveness of firms, and the competitiveness of nations and regions, the paper proposes a conceptualization into three interrelated concepts: competitiveness and innovativeness of firms, and attractiveness of nations and regions. Originality/value – This paper summarizes 40 years of Professor Porter’s seminal research with a focus on the CAON project that began with the 1990 book on The Competitive Advantage of Nations. The paper proposes three interrelated concepts to cover issues of competitiveness: competitiveness (firm’s static advantages), innovativeness (firm’s dynamic advantages) and attractiveness (national/regional advantages).

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Johnson, Paul Edward. "On the theory of political competition: Comparative statics from a general allocative perspective." Public Choice 58, no. 3 (September 1988): 217–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00155668.

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Tani, Mario, Ornella Papaluca, and Pasquale Sasso. "The System Thinking Perspective in the Open-Innovation Research: A Systematic Review." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 4, no. 3 (August 18, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc4030038.

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The new logics of competitions are mostly based on exploiting relationships to implement new mechanisms in managing Knowledge. Today, a successful company should be, lean, modular, and with a smart approach to new products development. In this context, the source of competitive advantage cannot be found into a static heterogeneity of resources, but companies must be able to create and manage a dynamic competitive process to continuously reinvent their products/services and to re-combine their resources with their partners’ ones. A paradigm for this behavior is the Open Innovation one, as created by Chesbrough. According to the rules of this paradigm, companies have to acknowledge that they operate in a network of relationships, they must be open to cooperate with their external partners, and they must not try to limit their actions in reaching only for some pre-defined result. So, Open Innovation Networks appear to be similar to those described by the scholars in the Complex Adaptive Systems field where the actions of the system, and of its parts, are the result of the various actors’ interactions in an emergent way. In this paper, we use a Systematic Literature Review approach to explore how the main topics in the System Thinking Perspective, and in particular, those related to Complex Systems, are linked to the Open Innovation studies.

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Li, Fang, and Hua Dong. "The Economic Explanation of Inclusive Design in Different Stages of Product Life Time." Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design 1, no. 1 (July 2019): 2377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsi.2019.244.

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AbstractThe static data obtained from user research are not sufficient to accurately reflect the change of the user's needs and capabilities in different contexts. Not paying enough attention to the economic feasibility of design solutions makes inclusive design face challenges in commercialization. In this paper, the user's demand is regarded as a function of the dynamic interaction between the user's characteristics and the environment. The inclusion problem is defined from an economic perspective. By distinguishing the stages before and after the delivery of a product, different economic properties of the product are defined. Then the two stages are analysed from the perspective of investment and consumption respectively, and the competition criterion of inclusivity distribution and the reasons for exclusion are deduced. According to the causes of different problems in the two stages, the research direction of inclusive solutions is pointed out, and the economical sustainability of inclusive design is analysed. This paper emphasizes that the goal of inclusive design lies not only in the partial and temporary elimination of exclusion, but also in how to distribute the freedom of choice.

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Midttun, Atle, and Kristian Gautesen. "Feed in or certificates, competition or complementarity? Combining a static efficiency and a dynamic innovation perspective on the greening of the energy industry." Energy Policy 35, no. 3 (March 2007): 1419–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2006.04.008.

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Da Cruz, M. R. P., J. J. Ferreira, and S. G. Azevedo. "static and dynamic strategic portfolio analysis: The positioning of Iberian seaports." South African Journal of Business Management 43, no. 1 (March 30, 2012): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v43i1.174.

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The various changes that have occurred in the seaport industry have had a continuous and substantial impact on seaport activities and management in recent decades. The highly competitive and rapidly changing environment faced by business has greatly increased the need for strategic planning. Thus, it is relevant and appropriate to apply strategic positioning tools to seaports given how competitive strategies play a key role in the growth and development of this industry. This research aims to analyse the strategic positioning of the leading Iberian Peninsula seaports using the BCG matrix from a static and dynamics perspective for the period between 1997 and 2008. The findings reveal a better positioning of Spanish seaports in relation to total traffic. Furthermore, considering container traffic, the results point to the seaports of Algeciras, Valencia and Barcelona as having attained a remarkable position of leadership. However, according to the time series analysed, the ranking of seaports has not changed significantly.

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Kim, Dohoon. "A Dynamic Model of the Tragedy of the Commons in Marketing-Intensive Industries." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/952046.

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This study provides a dynamic model and analyzes its process that may plunge the business ecosystem into ToC (the Tragedy of the Commons). When developing the model, we have in mind some industries where the marketing competition to secure a large installed base is intense. The social commerce industry is a representative example of this type of industries, but the scope of this study is not limited to the industry. We first introduce a previous study focusing on the static Nash equilibrium, and then present an extended version of the basic model in a dynamic perspective. According to our analyses on the dynamic equilibria together with their stability, there may be a unique interior equilibrium, but it is highly likely unstable. In addition, possible (near) boundary equilibria are also unstable for a wide range of parameter values. We also conduct some numerical experiments and discover cycles as solutions to some particular instances. Since those cycles contain the ToC traps, a policy measure or regulation may need to be employed. Our approach and results will help to figure out a clue to escape from the ToC trap, thereby shedding new light on the sustainable growth of the business ecosystem, which is prone to excessive marketing competition.

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Gorodnichev, Ruslan, and Obletsova Tatyana. "New approaches to the improvement of coordination skills of young basketball players aged 13-14." SCIENCE AND SPORT: current trends 7, no. 4 (December 2019): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.36028/2308-8826-2019-7-4-25-31.

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The aim of the research is to explore the perspective of the improvement of coordination skills of young bas- ketball players in the framework of the experimental training program providing the use of open competition, "balance ladder" and static core-muscles exercises. Materials and methods of the research. The research brought together two groups of twelve basketball players aged 13-14 from youth basketball teams "Express" (experimental group from Velikie Luki) and "Youth" (con- trol group from Pskov). Length of training programs was 8 months. We used three groups of tests: physical fitness, "closed" tests and "open" tests. Research results and discussion. After 8 months of training, participants of the experimental group showed higher results in physical fitness tests, "closed" and "open" tests, indicating a superior level of their coordina- tion skills, compared to the control group. Conclusion. The experimental training program that we have designed and implemented provides the im- provement of coordination skills of young basketball players.

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Wójcik, Piotr. "Exploring Links Between Dynamic Capabilities Perspective and Resource-Based View: A Literature Overview." International Journal of Management and Economics 45, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 83–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijme-2015-0017.

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AbstractThe dynamic capabilities view posits that a firm’s success is largely driven by its ability to adapt to a changing environment to secure value creating potential and, thus achieve a competitive advantage. The dynamic capabilities perspective has attracted much scholarly attention in the last two decades, as reflected in the proliferation of conceptual and research articles in the strategic management literature. Knowledge about the relationship between dynamic capabilities and other theoretical concepts within the strategic management field remains limited. This paper therefore synthesizes the literature and uses it to develop a more clear relationship between notions of dynamic capabilities, resources, assets, competencies and static capabilities. Potential areas of future research are also outlined.

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Li, Yaping, Zongxian Wang, and Junhai Ma. "Remanufacturing Mode Selection regarding Technology Development." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (March 12, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8835868.

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We consider a Cournot game model between an OEM (original equipment manufacturer) and an IR (independent remanufacturer). The OEM manufactures new products and decides the quality level. IR remanufactures and obtains OEM’s technology through technology licensing or joint R&D. To prevent the cannibalization of new products by remanufactured products, the OEM may be reluctant to disclose latest technology to the IR. When the IR chooses the technology licensing mechanism, it will be in a rather disadvantaged position in the competition. In contrast, joint R&D can avoid this dilemma. The two mechanisms are comparatively analyzed under static equilibrium and complex dynamics from three aspects: (1) the output of new and remanufactured products, (2) the profits of the OEM and the IR, and (3) TEI (total environmental impact) under technology licensing mechanism and joint R&D mechanism, respectively. Based on the theoretical and numerical analysis, we derive that the joint R&D mechanism can achieve a Pareto improvement over the royalty mechanism under certain conditions. The stability, bifurcation, chaos, and largest Lyapunov exponent are analyzed in the dynamic model. Numerical examples show that chaos may cause the OEM and the IR to lose profits or even be in deficit. But from the perspective of TEI, chaos can be beneficial. Interestingly, some conclusions in the static setting are reversed in the chaotic state. We propose a feedback adjustment method to eliminate chaos.

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Utz, Gregor. "From Contrary to Complementary Models: Central Places and Gateways in the South-Eastern Provence (Arles and Marseille)." Land 7, no. 3 (August 13, 2018): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land7030095.

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This paper applies the concepts of gateways and centrality, formerly opposing approaches to spatial planning, by now a powerful merged tool for archaeologists, to understand the dynamics of the evolution of cities and settlements in a long-term perspective. The samples are the two main port cities in South-Eastern Provence (France), Marseille and Arles. By means of several archaeological markers it will be shown how natural landscapes and political control influenced the fate of the economic development of both cities in Greco-Roman times. Therefore, this study focuses on the aspects of trade and administration encompassing the functionality of the ports as trans-shipment centers, the impact of political interference as well as the supply and exchange of long distance and local/regional products. Within this research framework, Marseille emerged as a static gateway for its service area with a distinct perspective on Mediterranean trade. Arles, however, was the main gateway for the whole Rhône corridor in Roman times due to its strategic location in an area characterized by a variety of landscapes and the promotion of politics as a port of the annona. The data presented here aim to reject the frequently used narrative of an ongoing competition between Arles and Marseille in favor of a more nuanced picture of economic interactions and overlapping trading networks.

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Lu, Yujie, Wei Wei, Yongkui Li, Zhilei Wu, and Hao Jin. "The Formation and Evolution of Interorganisational Business Networks in Megaprojects: A Case Study of Chinese Skyscrapers." Complexity 2020 (November 20, 2020): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2727419.

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Megaprojects are implemented by different organisations, such as owners, consultants, and contractors. Gradually, these organisations and their connections can form business networks that influence both the market position of individual organisations and project performance. Previous research on large-scale projects mainly focused on static and homogeneous networks that were constructed by one individual project and/or carried out over one-off collaboration. However, this neglected the consideration of project network diversity, as well as repetitive, dynamic, cross-project coopetition relationship (i.e., collaboration and competition) and long-term business networks formed by key actors. Here, we chose Chinese skyscrapers over 300 meters that were built from 1996 to 2015 as typical megaproject cases and analysed the formation and evolution of megaproject business networks from the perspective of interorganisational coopetition. We identified the key actors involved and empirically studied their dynamic network positions over time. The main contributions of this study are threefold. First, we found that past collaboration experience has direct and dynamic impacts on the formation of megaproject business networks. Second, we identified key actors in the interorganisational business network and unveiled their dynamic positions with clear patterns. Third, we highlighted the temporal-spatial effect on the formation and development of business networks, alongside developments in the megaproject market. The findings of this study also provide practical applications for owners to choose collaboration partners and to build high-performance teams and for suppliers to enter and sustain the business in the megaprojects networks.

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Dello Iacono, Umberto, Matthew Reindorp, and Nico Dellaert. "Market adoption of reverse factoring." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 45, no. 3 (April 7, 2015): 286–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-10-2013-0258.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show that market dynamics can significantly influence the lifecycle and value of a supply chain finance (SCF) arrangement. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a review of scientific and trade literature, the authors construct a model of market dynamics for reverse factoring, a specific type of SCF arrangement. The authors assume that firms’ participation in a reverse factoring arrangement is determined by the direct benefits they can derive from it. The authors analyse the model by means of simulation in system dynamics. Findings – The authors identify the following market factors as key for direct benefits: competition, interest rates, receivables volumes, and firms’ working capital goals. The authors find that reverse factoring can yield direct benefits for all supply chain participants, but that these benefits are highly sensitive to market conditions. Research limitations/implications – The model is stylized, but this study shows the need for further research on the dynamic aspects of SCF arrangements. Practical implications – The authors show that supply chain actors should carefully consider the expected evolution of market factors when deciding on participation in a reverse factoring arrangement. Originality/value – Existing research on SCF arrangements almost exclusively considers a static context, where market factors take fixed, known values. The authors provide the first study that links the direct benefits of SCF arrangements to dynamic, interacting market factors. The authors utilize system dynamics, a methodology well-suited to the analysis of such settings, to show that a comprehensive assessment of SCF arrangements cannot neglect the evolutionary perspective.

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Hai, Benlu, Qingzhu Gao, Ximing Yin, and Jin Chen. "R&D volatility and market value: the role of executive overconfidence." Chinese Management Studies 14, no. 2 (November 29, 2019): 411–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cms-05-2019-0170.

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Purpose Significant increase or decrease in research and development (R&D) expenditure may have an immense impact on market value. Based on the punctuated equilibrium theory, this paper aims to empirically analyze the impact of R&D volatilities on market value and the moderating effect of executive overconfidence. Design/methodology/approach The study uses the panel data set that covers 902 Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share manufacturing listed firms and multiple regression method to test the theoretical hypotheses. Findings The results show that both positive and negative R&D volatilities have a robust and significant positive impact on the market value. Further analysis shows that the executive overconfidence positively moderates the relationship between R&D volatilities and market value. Research limitations/implications In a rapidly changing and highly competitive environment, firms should recognize that the balance of innovation strategies will help to bring higher market value. Furthermore, firms could improve corporate governance to make the best of managerial characteristics, such as overconfidence, on the innovation decision-making process. Originality/value By pushing the static perspective to a dynamic perspective and empirically documenting the role of executive overconfidence, this study contributes to the literature on the relationship between R&D expenditure and market value, generating theoretical and practical insights for firms to improve innovation governance and innovation strategies to achieve better business performance.

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Urgal‐González, Begoña, and José Manuel García‐Vázquez. "The strategic influence of structural manufacturing decisions." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 27, no. 6 (May 29, 2007): 605–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443570710750286.

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the implementation of certain structural manufacturing decisions and the importance that is attached to certain competitive priorities in the firm's business strategy. The paper seeks to analyse the role these decisions play in the creation of a firm's competitive advantage, and aims to provide evidence of which decisions provide the firm with strategically relevant production capabilities.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses were tested using data collected from business units in the metal industry in Spain, by means of a postal survey. A total of 188 completed questionnaires were obtained and a structural equations analysis was conducted on the results.FindingsThis study has provided evidence for the strategic importance of structural decisions in the production area. The findings of this research suggest that the implementation of certain decisions can originate capabilities on which a competitive advantage can be based.Research limitations/implicationsThe results of this research are specific to the industry, and the analysis is static. Further research should be conducted in other industries. A longitudinal study would be convenient, in order to obtain a good understanding of the causal relationships between structural production decisions and the competitive priorities emphasised in the business strategy.Practical implicationsStrategic management of the capabilities which derive from structural manufacturing decisions is shown to have a relevant role in the creation of competitive advantage.Originality/valueThe present paper contributes to the study of the strategic function of manufacturing from the perspective of manufacturing capabilities. In particular, we examine the strategic contribution of structural manufacturing decisions by contributing different capabilities.

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Weinstein, Ronald S. "Static image telepathology in perspective." Human Pathology 27, no. 2 (February 1996): 99–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0046-8177(96)90361-5.

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Wichmann, B. A., A. A. Canning, D. W. R. Marsh, D. L. Clutterbuck, L. A. Winsborrow, and N. J. Ward. "Industrial perspective on static analysis." Software Engineering Journal 10, no. 2 (1995): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/sej.1995.0010.

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Fox, Jonathan. "The Secular-Religious Competition Perspective in Comparative Perspective." Politics and Religion 12, no. 3 (June 17, 2019): 524–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175504831900018x.

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AbstractPolitical secularism is defined as “an ideology or set of beliefs advocating that religion ought to be separate from all or some aspects of politics or public life (or both).” In the secular–religious competition perspective, I argue that political secularists compete with religious political actors to influence government policy around the world. Yet this competition is complicated by many factors. The contributions to this symposium demonstrate that this is the case in their examination of secular–religious tensions and state–religion relations in Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany, Italy, Turkey, and Tunisia. These cases show that government religion policy evolves over time and is deeply influenced by secular–religious competition but that this competition is a complex one involving many other factors and influences.

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SHARPE, THOMAS. "BRITISH COMPETITION POLICY IN PERSPECTIVE." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 1, no. 3 (1985): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/1.3.80.

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Bhagat, Garima. "Public Procurement: A Competition Perspective." Indian Journal of Public Administration 63, no. 2 (June 2017): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019556117699736.

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Public procurement of goods and services accounts for 25–30 percentage of GDP in developing countries. Since this involves public resources, it is important to optimise efficiency of procurement which in turn is positively correlated with the level of competition in the market. Paradoxically, various factors make public procurement especially vulnerable to a host of anti-competitive practices. The article examines various anti-competitive practices that may potentially affect the efficiency of public procurement as well as ‘red flags’ in various stages of the bidding process that could possibly point to bid rigging. However, by properly designing the procurement process, risks of bid rigging can be significantly reduced. Data from various countries show huge savings to public treasuries resulting from implementation of public procurement reforms. The article also attempts to discuss the evolution of competition law in India over the last seven years of operation of the Competition Act, 2002. Apart from the crucial role of the Competition Authorities, the article underlines the need for procurers to be proactive. Effective public procurement reforms in India would require close cooperation among various stakeholders, such as the Department of Expenditure, Central Vigilance Commission (CVC), Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), Competition Commission of India (CCI) as well as procurers.

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Morata, Ginés. "Cell competition: A historical perspective." Developmental Biology 476 (August 2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.02.012.

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Pickford, Michael. "Competition Policy and Import Competition—A New Zealand Perspective." Antitrust Bulletin 37, no. 4 (December 1992): 1089–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003603x9203700409.

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Okuguchi, Koji. "International Competition in one Country: Comparative Static Analysis." Pacific Economic Review 6, no. 1 (February 2001): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0106.00117.

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Mehta, Pradeep S., and Ujjwal Kumar. "Trade, Competition and Multilateral Competition Policy: a South Asian Perspective." South Asia Economic Journal 1, no. 2 (September 2000): 65–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/139156140000100205.

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Luo, Yadong. "A coopetition perspective of global competition." Journal of World Business 42, no. 2 (June 2007): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2006.08.007.

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Reinhardt, Uwe E. "Perspective: ‘Mangled Competition’ And ‘Managed Whatever’." Health Affairs 18, no. 3 (May 1999): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.18.3.92.

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Wagoner, Charles B. "Local Fiscal Competition: an Intraregional Perspective." Public Finance Quarterly 23, no. 1 (January 1995): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109114219502300104.

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Haberl, Helmut. "Competition for land: A sociometabolic perspective." Ecological Economics 119 (November 2015): 424–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.10.002.

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Burton, Philip J. "Some limitations inherent to static indices of plant competition." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 23, no. 10 (October 1, 1993): 2141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x93-267.

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Various measurements of the abundance, proximity, and stature of neighbouring plants are utilized as indices of competitive intensity experienced by crop trees. These indices can be useful in assessing the desirability of vegetation control and stand thinnings, and in simulating stand development. Static competition indices, however, have fundamental limitations which should be more widely considered. Competition is usually a constraint to growth, not a determinant of growth, so any measurement of competition alone is fundamentally limited in its ability to predict individual crop tree performance. Differences in the microsite effects of competitors and the autecological responses of crop species result in wide variation in the size of the functional competitive arena, and suggest the need for distinct weightings of competitive intensity for different combinations of species and site. Site differences and weather variation, when coupled with species differences in above- and below-ground allocation, will alter the mode and intensity of competition within a stand and from year to year. The phenology of competitors and focal species will likewise alter interference patterns within a year, making one-time measurements sometimes misleading. Suggested alternatives for determining the importance and intensity of competition include the maintenance of competition-free seedlings ("phytometers") in order to gauge the competitive constraints experienced elsewhere in a plantation. Simulation models of tree growth and stand development also show promise, but they must incorporate the dynamics of noncrop vegetation development. In developing guidelines for the assessment of noncrop interference and the advisability of vegetation control, there is still a need to determine, in a generalizable manner, appropriate survey plot sizes and critical competition thresholds for different combinations of site type, crop species, and vegetation complex.

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Bengtsson, Maria, and Agneta Marell. "Structural conditions for static and dynamic competition after deregulation." Competitiveness Review 16, no. 1 (March 2006): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr.2006.16.1.20.

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Bengtsson, Maria, and Agneta Marell. "Structural conditions for static and dynamic competition after deregulation." Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal incorporating Journal of Global Competitiveness 16, no. 1 (2006): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10595420610760707.

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Cao, Zhi, Baofeng Huo, Yuan Li, and Xiande Zhao. "Competition and supply chain integration: a taxonomy perspective." Industrial Management & Data Systems 115, no. 5 (June 8, 2015): 923–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imds-10-2014-0315.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of competition on supply chain integration (SCI). Design/methodology/approach – Survey data from 617 manufacturers in China were used in this study. Taxonomy with cluster analysis was used to investigate the patterns of competition, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate the influence of these competition patterns on SCI. Findings – Seven competition patterns composed of local competition, international competition, and operational challenges were identified from the survey data. The ANOVA results showed that companies with different patterns achieved significantly different levels of SCI, indicating that higher levels of local competition, international competition, and operational challenges drove higher levels of SCI. Post hoc analyses revealed that international competition had stronger effects than local competition on SCI. Research limitations/implications – The data were collected from a single country, which may limit the generalization of the findings. The data were cross-sectional and thus lacked causal explanatory power. Practical implications – The findings provide suggestions for managers to use different configurations of SCI to adapt to different patterns of competition. Originality/value – This study makes three main contributions to the literature. First, it extends the research on the relationship between competition and cooperation to the supply chain management area. Second, it extends the concept of competition by incorporating not only competitive intensity, but also competitive scope and competitive capability. Third, the use of a configuration approach rather than a dimensional approach to investigate the effects of competition on SCI solves many methodological problems.

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Ozyurt, Beste, Irem Dikmen, and M. Talat Birgonul. "Clustering of host countries to facilitate learning between similar international construction markets." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 27, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 66–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-11-2018-0495.

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Purpose In the global construction industry, experience gained in various countries is a major source of competitive advantage. By transferring the knowledge gained in previous projects using an effective knowledge management strategy, they can increase their competitiveness by adopting best practices and by not repeating the same mistakes under similar conditions. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how similar countries can be clustered to facilitate learning in global markets. Design/methodology/approach Initially, country factors that can affect success in international projects and can be used to assess the similarity of markets were identified by an extensive literature review and prioritised by a web-based questionnaire. A country evaluation form was prepared to collect country-specific data to be used in the cluster analysis of 39 countries where the Turkish contractors have been frequently working since the last 45 years. Cluster analysis was performed with SPSS 23.0. Findings Three country clusters were obtained and validated. Ultimately, how obtained country clusters may be used to facilitate learning from international construction projects was demonstrated by using an illustrative example. Research limitations/implications The findings depend on the experience and perspective of Turkish contractors doing business abroad. Thus, the identified clusters are not generic. Moreover, country clusters were not identified considering only the country factors such as economy, culture, politics, etc.; thus, countries in the same cluster do not necessarily represent “similar” countries in terms of macro-factors. Clusters were identified so that the lessons learned can be effectively transferred within the same cluster considering construction and project-related factors as well as country-related factors. Although the findings cannot be generalised and clusters are not static, it is believed that the methodology used in this research is repeatable for different countries considering different timeframes. Originality/value Theoretical contributions include the identification of factors that can be used for similarity assessment of countries for transferring lessons learned as well as a methodology for clustering. Findings may also have a practical value for the Turkish contractors.

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Poernomowati, Poernomowati, L. Budi Kagramanto, and Endang Prasetyawati. "Cartel Agreement in Business Competition Law Perspective." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 7, no. 8 (September 4, 2020): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i8.1942.

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Business competition is actually a business between business actors, where the government does not need to interfere, but in order to create rules of the game in business competition, the government needs to intervene to protect consumers. Because if this is not done, there is a possibility that there will be collusion (collusion) between business actors which will lead to economic efficiency, which in the end is the consumer who will pay the expense of buying goods or services with inadequate price and quality. One of the effects of globalization is the free market. The domestic market has new challenges to compete with other sellers from abroad. The sellers who come usually come from developed countries where competition has long been practiced is a cartel. Business actors who are members of various associations in the discussion of amendments to Law No. 5 of 1999, also has a concept of revision of the Law. Amendments to Law No. 5 of 1999 is considered to only accommodate the interests of one party, namely the Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU). Business actors are subject to the law, among others. Objections submitted include amendments to fines for violating Law No. 5 of 1999 a maximum of 30% of turnover.

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Yeung, Natalie. "IP and competition law—the Chinese perspective." Journal of Antitrust Enforcement 3, suppl 1 (June 4, 2015): i172—i193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaenfo/jnv012.

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Roughton, A. "A competition book with a distinct perspective." Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 3, no. 1 (December 12, 2007): 62–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiplp/jpm236.

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Simpson, Robin. "Environmental Services and Competition: A Global Perspective." Review of European Community and International Environmental Law 15, no. 2 (July 2006): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9388.2006.00525.x.

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Knieps, G. "COMPETITION AND THE RAILROADS: A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE." Journal of Competition Law and Economics 9, no. 1 (February 6, 2013): 153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/joclec/nhs040.

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Long, Stephen H., and Jack Rodgers. "Perspective: Managed Competition Estimates For Policy Making." Health Affairs 12, suppl 1 (January 1993): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.12.suppl_1.243.

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Smith, Rhonda L. "The Australian grocery industry: a competition perspective*." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 50, no. 1 (March 2006): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2006.00326.x.

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Reekie, W. Duncan. "The Competition Act, 1998: An Economic Perspective." South African Journal of Economics 67, no. 2 (June 1999): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.1999.tb01142.x.

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Frosini, Francesca, Anna Dixon, and Ruth Robertson1. "Competition in the NHS: A Provider Perspective." Journal of Health Services Research & Policy 17, no. 1_suppl (January 2012): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jhsrp.2011.010194.

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Objective To analyse how competition is experienced and characterized by NHS and independent sector acute care providers in the English National Health Service (NHS). Methods Semi-structured interviews with 49 senior staff in 15 NHS trusts and independent sector providers between November 2008 and April 2009, in England. Results The market was predominantly defined based on geographical proximity. Competition was mainly on the periphery of catchment areas but markets were differentiated based on the scope and type of services. Niche providers, specialist hospitals and tertiary centres did not directly compete with district general hospital-type providers. Competitors were increasingly primary and community care providers, while there was little perceived threat from the private sector. There were many examples of how different providers (both NHS and independent sector) were co-operating and collaborating. Patients and general practitioners (GPs) appeared to be loyal to local providers. Conclusion The providers' view of the market and the relevance of historical relationships and loyalties suggest fine grained variations in competition which is consistent with a relational rather than structural approach to competition. Also the evidence on embeddedness of relationships implies that collaboration might be a strong lever for quality improvement locally. Finally, some of the agreements found might be deemed in breach of the rules of competition but they may well be in the interests of patients and taxpayers, with implications for regulation in publicly funded health care systems.

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Ghemawat, Pankaj. "Competition and Business Strategy in Historical Perspective." Business History Review 76, no. 1 (2002): 37–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4127751.

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A review of theories of competition and business strategy over the last half-century reveals a fairly linear development of early work by academics and consultants into efforts to understand the determinants of industry profitability and competitive position and, more recently, to add a time or historical dimension to the analysis. The possible implications of the emergence of a market for such ideas are also discussed.

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Buettner, Thomas. "Closeness of Competition from an Economic Perspective." Journal of European Competition Law & Practice 9, no. 4 (January 5, 2018): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeclap/lpx069.

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Carpenter, Robert C. "COMPETITION AMONG MARINE MACROALGAE: A PHYSIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE." Journal of Phycology 26, no. 1 (March 1990): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1990.00006.x.

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