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1

Salgado Delgado, Mario, Lorenzo Usai, Linda Ager-Wick Ellingsen, Qiaoyan Pan, and Anders Hammer Strømman. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of a Novel Al-Ion and a Li-Ion Battery for Stationary Applications." Materials 12, no. 19 (2019): 3270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12193270.

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The foreseen high penetration of fluctuant renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, will cause an increased need for batteries to store the energy produced and not instantaneously consumed. Due to the high production cost and significant environmental impacts associated with the production of lithium-ion nickel-manganese-cobalt (Li-ion NMC) batteries, several chemistries are proposed as a potential substitute. This study aims to identify and compare the lifecycle environmental impacts springing from a novel Al-ion battery, with the current state-of-the-art chemistry, i.e., Li-ion NMC.
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2

Cui, Xiaofan, Florian Stroebl, Vivek Lam, Maitri Uppaluri, William C. Chueh, and Simona Onori. "Long-Term Calendar Aging across Commercial Lithium-Ion Cell Chemistries - Part II: Modeling and Early Prediction." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 2 (2024): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-012506mtgabs.

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Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are widely used in applications such as mobility, stationary grid systems, and various consumer and commercial systems. In electric vehicles (EVs), batteries often remain idle, with only about 10% utilization. Moreover, in stationary battery energy storage systems (BESS) designed for peak shaving, resting periods tend to cause more aging effects than the operational cycles. Consequently, quantifying the effect of calendar aging is crucial. However, current calendar aging models are inadequate for accurately modeling and predicting the diverse aging behaviors of c
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Siczek, Krystian, Krzysztof Siczek, Piotr Piersa, et al. "The Comparative Study on the Li-S and Li-ion Batteries Cooperating with the Photovoltaic Array." Energies 13, no. 19 (2020): 5109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195109.

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The stationary photovoltaic array can be used to charge the different vehicle batteries and, in parallel, be used as a power source for the utility grid or standalone devices placed such as in campers. The main objective of the study was to compare chosen electrical characteristics of two assemblies with each containing the same PV array, boost converter and inverter, and a different battery, such as the Li-S one and the Li-ion one, respectively. Differences occurring during modelling of Li-ion and Li-S batteries were discussed. The model of the chosen photovoltaic array was used during analys
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Prodjinonto, Vincent, Oscar M. Godonou, and Isdeen Yaya Nadjo. "CURRENT DEVELOPEMENTS ABOUT LIFEPO4 BATTERY FOR STATIONARY ENERGY STORAGE IN AFRICA." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 03 (2022): 198–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14381.

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Stationary energy storage is one of current and major challenge in the world. LiFePO4(LFP) batteries have been used more and more for several applications, stationary energy storage specifically.This technology of batteries is one of promising candidates for power lithium ion batteries due to their flat voltage profile, environmental benignity, cycling stability, and high theoretical capacity. However, the poor electronic conductivity and a low lithium ion diffusion coefficient of LiFePO4 cathode materials are the mains disadvantage which make the researchers to investigate on doping materials
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5

Zhao, Guang Jin, Wen Long Wu, Wu Bin Qiu, Shao Lin Liu, and Gang Wang. "Secondary Use of PHEV and EV Lithium-Ion Batteries in Stationary Applications as Energy Storage System." Advanced Materials Research 528 (June 2012): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.528.202.

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This manuscript introduces and reviews the background, necessity, opportunities, and recent research progresses for investigating and applying the secondary use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and electric vehicles (EVs) lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries in stationary applications. And the motivation, objective, and plans of our PHEV/EV lithium-ion battery secondary-use program are also described in detail.
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Castillo-Martínez, Diego Hilario, Adolfo Josué Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Adrian Soto, et al. "Design and On-Field Validation of an Embedded System for Monitoring Second-Life Electric Vehicle Lithium-Ion Batteries." Sensors 22, no. 17 (2022): 6376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176376.

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In the last few years, the growing demand for electric vehicles (EVs) in the transportation sector has contributed to the increased use of electric rechargeable batteries. At present, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are the most commonly used in electric vehicles. Although once their storage capacity has dropped to below 80–70% it is no longer possible to use these batteries in EVs, it is feasible to use them in second-life applications as stationary energy storage systems. The purpose of this study is to present an embedded system that allows a Nissan® LEAF Li-ion battery to communicate with a
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7

Antipov, Evgeny, and Nellie Khasanova. "Impact of Crystallography on Design of Cathode Materials for Li-ion Batteries." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314099793.

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Ninety percent of the energy produced today come from fossil fuels, making dramatically negative impact on our future due to rapid consumption of these energy sources, ecological damage and climate change. This justifies development of the renewable energy sources and concurrently efficient large storage devices capable to replace fossil fuels. Li-ion batteries have originally been developed for portable electronic devices, but nowadays new application niches are envisaged in electric vehicles and stationary energy storages. However, to satisfy the needs of these rapidly growing applications,
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8

Pfrang, Andreas, Ibtissam Adanouj, Matthias Bruchhausen, et al. "(Invited) Safety of Li-Ion Batteries: Current Challenges in a Policy Context." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 3 (2023): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-023452mtgabs.

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Batteries are a key technology required to meet our objective for climate neutrality, to reduce dependency on fuel imports as well as to ensure maximum use of renewable electricity. Over 80 GW / 160 GWh of stationary batteries and over 50 million electric vehicles are expected in the EU by 2030. Lithium-ion batteries are expected to dominate the market well beyond 2030, while developments in other technologies will continue in parallel. Battery-related policies are currently of high interest and have to evolve quickly in order to facilitate and accommodate technological progress. With increasi
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9

Lécuyer, Margaud, Marc Deschamps, Dominique Guyomard, Joël Gaubicher, and Philippe Poizot. "Electrochemical Assessment of Indigo Carmine Dye in Lithium Metal Polymer Technology." Molecules 26, no. 11 (2021): 3079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113079.

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Lithium metal batteries are inspiring renewed interest in the battery community because the most advanced designs of Li-ion batteries could be on the verge of reaching their theoretical specific energy density values. Among the investigated alternative technologies for electrochemical storage, the all-solid-state Li battery concept based on the implementation of dry solid polymer electrolytes appears as a mature technology not only to power full electric vehicles but also to provide solutions for stationary storage applications. With an effective marketing started in 2011, BlueSolutions keeps
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10

Penisa, Xaviery N., Michael T. Castro, Jethro Daniel A. Pascasio, Eugene A. Esparcia, Oliver Schmidt, and Joey D. Ocon. "Projecting the Price of Lithium-Ion NMC Battery Packs Using a Multifactor Learning Curve Model." Energies 13, no. 20 (2020): 5276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205276.

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Renewable energy (RE) utilization is expected to increase in the coming years due to its decreasing costs and the mounting socio-political pressure to decarbonize the world’s energy systems. On the other hand, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are on track to hit the target 100 USD/kWh price in the next decade due to economy of scale and manufacturing process improvements, evident in the rise in Li-ion gigafactories. The forecast of RE and Li-ion technology costs is important for planning RE integration into existing energy systems. Previous cost predictions on Li-ion batteries were conducted usi
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Choi, Daiwon, Namhyeong Kim, Nimat Shamim, et al. "Comparative Testing of Li-Ion Battery Chemistries for Stationary Energy Storage." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 3 (2023): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-013763mtgabs.

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Li-ion batteries are the most widely deployed battery energy storage system (BESS) today but understanding the benefits and cost-effectiveness for a wide range of grid services needs to be fully validated to further expand the market. Hence, various Li-ion battery chemistries currently deployed must be evaluated and compared in terms of performance, lifecycle, economics, and safety under grid services using standardized testing protocols. In this work, commercially available cylindrical cells with four different chemistries from major Li-ion battery manufacturers are subjected to standardized
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El Afia, Sara, Antonio Cano, Paul Arévalo, and Francisco Jurado. "Rechargeable Li-Ion Batteries, Nanocomposite Materials and Applications." Batteries 10, no. 12 (2024): 413. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries10120413.

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are pivotal in a wide range of applications, including consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and stationary energy storage systems. The broader adoption of LIBs hinges on advancements in their safety, cost-effectiveness, cycle life, energy density, and rate capability. While traditional LIBs already benefit from composite materials in components such as the cathode, anode, and separator, the integration of nanocomposite materials presents significant potential for enhancing these properties. Nanocomposites, including carbon–oxide, polymer–oxide, and silicon-base
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Choi, Daiwon, Nimat Shamim, Edwin Thomsen, et al. "Performance and Degradation of Li-Ion Battery Cells for Stationary Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 1 (2024): 79. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02179mtgabs.

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Electrochemical energy storages (EES) are being actively deployed as more renewable energy generation are integrated into the grid infrastructure. Among various EES, Li-ion batteries share more than 80% of EES utilized but reliability and performance have not been clearly evaluated and compared. In this presentation, performance of nine different commercial Li-ion battery cell chemistries under standardized grid duty cycle testing protocols developed by DOE-OE will be presented. The lifecycle derived from capacity, round trip efficiency (RTE), resistance, charge/discharge energy and total util
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14

Ikhsanudin, Muhammad Nur, Anif Jamaluddin, Cornelius Satria Yudha, and Agus Purwanto. "Toward Commercial Cylindrical Anode Free Li-Metal Batteries: Electrochemical Study and Improvement." Materials Science Forum 1109 (December 14, 2023): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-dwbby4.

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are one of the favorite energy storage devices that are applied to mobile and stationary energy storage applications. The widespread use of Li-ion batteries requires an increase in the energy density of each battery cell. Anode-free Li-ion Batteries (AFLIBs) are new types of LIBs models that offer high energy density. However, there are still many challenges in fabricating AFLIBs toward commercial use, mainly improving the battery cycle and the efficiency of intercalation/deintercalation of Li-ion between two electrodes. In this research, the fabrication of AFLIBs
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15

Shahroom, Afif Firdaus, Muhammad Mansor, Yong Jia Ying, and Muhamad Safwan Abd. Rahman. "A real-time thermal behaviour monitoring and analysis of a 500 kWh grid-connected battery energy storage system." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1281, no. 1 (2023): 012065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1281/1/012065.

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Abstract Statistical analysis yields critical data for risk evaluation and management of a stationary battery energy storage system (BESS). Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries have attained huge attention for both stationary and non-stationary applications due to their lucrative features such as lightweight, high energy density efficiency, and long lifespan. However, detailed analysis and trends subjected to thermal behaviour of the device especially in grid-connected BESS application is still neglected. Therefore, this paper presents a statistical analysis for thermal behaviour of a grid connected
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16

Molaiyan, Palanivel, Glaydson Simões Dos Reis, Diwakar Karuppiah, Chandrasekar M. Subramaniyam, Flaviano García-Alvarado, and Ulla Lassi. "Recent Progress in Biomass-Derived Carbon Materials for Li-Ion and Na-Ion Batteries—A Review." Batteries 9, no. 2 (2023): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9020116.

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Batteries are the backbones of the sustainable energy transition for stationary off-grid, portable electronic devices, and plug-in electric vehicle applications. Both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), most commonly rely on carbon-based anode materials and are usually derived from non-renewable sources such as fossil deposits. Biomass-derived carbon materials are extensively researched as efficient and sustainable anode candidates for LIBs and NIBs. The main purpose of this perspective is to brief the use of biomass residues for the preparation of carbon anodes for L
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17

Ponrouch, Alexandre, and M. Rosa Palacín. "Post-Li batteries: promises and challenges." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, no. 2152 (2019): 20180297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0297.

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Current societal challenges in terms of energy storage have prompted an intensification in the research aiming at unravelling new high energy density battery technologies. These would have the potential of having disruptive effects in the world transition towards a less carbon-dependent energy economy through transport, both by electrification and renewable energy integration. Aside from controversial debates on lithium supply, the development of new sustainable battery chemistries based on abundant elements is appealing, especially for large-scale stationary applications. Interesting alternat
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18

Kehl, Daniel, Torben Jennert, Frank Lienesch, and Michael Kurrat. "Electrical Characterization of Li-Ion Battery Modules for Second-Life Applications." Batteries 7, no. 2 (2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries7020032.

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The reuse and repurposing of lithium-ion batteries for transportation in stationary energy systems improve the economic value of batteries. A precise suitability test at the beginning of the second life is therefore necessary. Common methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and current interrupt (CI) analysis, as well as capacity analysis, can be used for testing. In this paper, these methods are studied from the aspects of test duration, sensitivity and acquisition costs of the measuring instruments. For this purpose, tests are carried out on battery modules, which were us
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19

Gasper, Paul, Aron Saxon, Ying Shi, Kandler Smith, and Foram Thakkar. "Experimental Aging and Lifetime Prediction in Grid Applications for Large-Format Commercial Li-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 3 (2023): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-013719mtgabs.

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Due to the growth of electric vehicle and stationary energy storage markets, the production and use of lithium-ion batteries has grown exponentially in recent years. For many of these applications, large-format lithium-ion batteries are being utilized, as large cells have less inactive material relative to their energy capacity and require fewer electrical connections to assemble into packs. The economics of these battery systems is highly dependent on cell lifetime, requiring accelerated aging tests to characterize cell degradation. However, testing of large-format lithium-ion batteries is ti
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Bordes, Arnaud, Arnaud Papin, Guy Marlair, et al. "Assessment of Run-Off Waters Resulting from Lithium-Ion Battery Fire-Fighting Operations." Batteries 10, no. 4 (2024): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries10040118.

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As the use of Li-ion batteries is spreading, incidents in large energy storage systems (stationary storage containers, etc.) or in large-scale cell and battery storages (warehouses, recyclers, etc.), often leading to fire, are occurring on a regular basis. Water remains one of the most efficient fire extinguishing agents for tackling such battery incidents, and large quantities are usually necessary. Since batteries contain various potentially harmful components (metals and their oxides or salts, solvents, etc.) and thermal-runaway-induced battery incidents are accompanied by complex and poten
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Liu, Xin, Haihong Huang, Wenjing Chang, Yongqi Cao, and Yuhang Wang. "Enhanced Wavelet Transform Dynamic Attention Transformer Model for Recycled Lithium-Ion Battery Anomaly Detection." Energies 17, no. 20 (2024): 5139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17205139.

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Rapid advancements in electric vehicle (EV) technology have highlighted the importance of lithium-ion (Li) batteries. These batteries are essential for safety and reliability. Battery data show non-stationarity and complex dynamics, presenting challenges for current monitoring and prediction methods. These methods often fail to manage the variability seen in real-world environments. To address these challenges, we propose a Transformer model with a wavelet transform dynamic attention mechanism (WADT). The dynamic attention mechanism uses wavelet transform. It focuses adaptively on the most inf
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22

Aloisio, Davide, Giuseppe Campobello, Salvatore Gianluca Leonardi, et al. "Comparison of machine learning techniques for SoC and SoH evaluation from impedance data of an aged lithium ion battery." ACTA IMEKO 10, no. 2 (2021): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21014/acta_imeko.v10i2.1043.

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<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">State of charge estimation and ageing evolution of lithium ion (Li-Ion) batteries are key points for their massive applications in the market. However, the battery behavior is very complex to understand because many parameters act in determining their ageing evolution. Therefore, traditional analytical models employed for this purpose are often affected by inaccuracy. In this context, machine learning techniques can provide a viable alternative to traditional models and a useful tool to characterize the batteries behavior. </span></p&
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Brant, William Robert, and Reza Younesi. "(Invited) Commercialisation of Sustainable Sodium Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 5 (2023): 894. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-015894mtgabs.

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As the world continues to face one crisis after another, the demand for renewable energy and a reliable supply of abundant raw materials is stronger than ever. This is becoming abundantly clear for Li-ion batteries whose adoption in electric vehicles and stationary energy storage is rapidly expanding. In line with this growth, the limited supply of critical raw materials such as Li, Co and Ni is driving up prices. Thus, batteries based on alternate, abundant raw materials are critical. Consequently, in November 2022 IUPAC announced sodium-ion batteries amongst the top ten emerging technologies
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Murphy, Kelly, Niraj Patil, Syed Abdul Ahad, et al. "Copper Vanadium Sulfide as an Anode Material in Sodium-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 4 (2023): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-024719mtgabs.

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As the modern world is moving from non-renewable energy sources to renewable sources, such as wind and solar, energy storage devices are necessary in more than just portable electronics. Large-scale, stationary energy storage is required to combat the intermittent supply of renewable energy. Li-ion batteries, which are the current state of art in energy storage devices, will not be viable in the long term for such an application as it requires a large quantity of scarce raw materials (e.g. Li, Co). To reduce the cost and increase the long-term sustainability of batteries, more abundant energy
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Soares, F. J., L. Carvalho, I. C. Costa, et al. "The STABALID project: Risk analysis of stationary Li-ion batteries for power system applications." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 140 (August 2015): 142–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2015.04.004.

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26

Xu, Na, Xiaoxuan Ma, Mengfan Wang, et al. "Stationary Full Li-Ion Batteries with Interlayer-Expanded V6O13 Cathodes and Lithiated Graphite Anodes." Electrochimica Acta 203 (June 2016): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.044.

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27

Das, Tridip, Boris V. Merinov, MoonYoung Yang, and William Goddard. "Understanding of Structural, Dynamic and Ionic Diffusion Characteristics of Li6(PS4)SCl Superionic Conductor from Classical Molecular Dynamics." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (2022): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012331mtgabs.

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Solid-state batteries are preferred over commercial Li-ion batteries, due to their higher thermochemical stability, higher safety, and longer cycle life. Successful applications of solid-state batteries largely depends on electrode-electrolyte interfacial stability and fast Li-ion transport in the electrolyte.1 Among different electrolyte candidates from polysulfide, oxide, argyrodite, perovskite families - Li6(PS4)SCl looks very promising due to its lithium superionic conductivity at room temperature and very wide electrochemical stability window (0−7 V versus Li/Li+).2 We report here our res
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28

Ghosh, Shuvajit, Udita Bhatta charjee, Subhajit Bhowmik, and Surendra K. Martha. "A Review on High-Capacity and High-Voltage Cathodes for Next-Generation Lithium-ion Batteries." Journal of Energy and Power Technology 4, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/jept.2201002.

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lithium-ion battery (LIB) is at the forefront of energy research. Over four decades of research and development have led electric mobility to a reality. Numerous materials capable of storing lithium reversibly, either as an anode or as a cathode, are reported on a daily basis. But very few among them, such as LiCoO2, lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (Li-NMC) variants (LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2, LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2, LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2, and LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2), LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2, LiFePO4, graphite, and Li4Ti5O12 are successful at commercial scale. Future energy requirements demand a push
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Biemolt, Jasper, Peter Jungbacker, Tess van Teijlingen, Ning Yan, and Gadi Rothenberg. "Beyond Lithium-Based Batteries." Materials 13, no. 2 (2020): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13020425.

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We discuss the latest developments in alternative battery systems based on sodium, magnesium, zinc and aluminum. In each case, we categorize the individual metals by the overarching cathode material type, focusing on the energy storage mechanism. Specifically, sodium-ion batteries are the closest in technology and chemistry to today’s lithium-ion batteries. This lowers the technology transition barrier in the short term, but their low specific capacity creates a long-term problem. The lower reactivity of magnesium makes pure Mg metal anodes much safer than alkali ones. However, these are still
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Nekahi, Atiyeh, Mehrdad Dorri, Mina Rezaei, et al. "Comparative Issues of Metal-Ion Batteries toward Sustainable Energy Storage: Lithium vs. Sodium." Batteries 10, no. 8 (2024): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries10080279.

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In recent years, batteries have revolutionized electrification projects and accelerated the energy transition. Consequently, battery systems were hugely demanded based on large-scale electrification projects, leading to significant interest in low-cost and more abundant chemistries to meet these requirements in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). As a result, lithium iron phosphate (LFP) share has increased considerably due to lower cost and higher safety compared to conventional nickel and cobalt-based chemistries. However, their fast-growing share is affected by updated chemistries, where cheaper
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Krajewski, Michał, Oskar Grabowski, Marta Chmielniak, Magdalena Winkowska-Struzik, and Andrzej Czerwinski. "Na-Ion Battery Based on Carbon and Phosphate Chemistries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 9 (2024): 1258. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-0291258mtgabs.

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Lithium-ion batteries are one of the most used power sources in a variety of fields: microelectronics, portable devices, automotive or even stationary energy storage. The huge growth of the Li-ion battery market raises concerns about the limited availability of lithium resources and its rising cost of acquisition. To counteract that effect, scientists again focused on sodium, as a cheaper and easily acquirable element to use in electrochemical power sources [1, 2]. In principle, sodium-ion batteries operate through similar mechanisms as lithium-ion cells, where Na+ ions are charge carriers bet
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Peters, Jens, Manuel Baumann, Jessica Braun, Benedict Zimmermann, and Marcel Weil. "The environmental impact of Li-Ion batteries and the role of key parameters – A review." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 67, no. C (2017): 491–506. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10589940.

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 The increasing presence of Li-Ion batteries (LIB) in mobile and stationary energy storage applications has triggered a growing interest in the environmental impacts associated with their production. Numerous studies on the potential environmental impacts of LIB production and LIB-based electric mobility are available, but these are very heterogeneous and the results are therefore difficult to compare. Furthermore, the source of inventory data, which is key to the outcome of any study, is often difficult to trace back. This paper provides a review of LCA studies on Li-Ion batteries, with
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Choi, Daiwon, Donghai Wang, Vish V. Viswanathan, et al. "Li-ion batteries from LiFePO4 cathode and anatase/graphene composite anode for stationary energy storage." Electrochemistry Communications 12, no. 3 (2010): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2009.12.039.

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Park, Habin, Anthony Engler, Nian Liu, and Paul Kohl. "Cyclic Carbonate-Based, Single-Ion Conducting Polymer Electrolytes for Li-Ion Batteries: Battery Performance." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (2022): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012329mtgabs.

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Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are a pathway for safe, and high energy and power lithium batteries due to their thermal stability and low vapor pressure. Although polymers can be flexible and dimensional stability, it is lithium dendritic suppression can be a challenge for any electrolyte. Conventional SPEs have both mobile cations and anions, which migrate and cause concentration polarization. The low transference number for lithium ions in an electrolyte contributes lithium concentration gradients causing concentration polarization and lithium dendrites [1,2]. Single-ion conducting SPEs h
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Boutelle, Ethan, Arden Chen, Rajeev Gopal, and Peng Bai. "One-Pot Aqueous Spray Drying of Hierarchical Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) Particles for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 3 (2024): 3046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-0133046mtgabs.

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Sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) have been recognized as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), especially for stationary large-scale applications that favor inexpensive storage over high energy density, as their cathode materials don’t require scarce and expensive elements such as Li, Co, and Ni.1,2 Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) offers high ionic conductivity and long term stability due to its sodium super ionic conductor (NASICON) structure3. However, it suffers from poor electronic conductivity and requires energy-intensive synthesis routes4. Spray drying has recently become a common energ
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Rahmoun, Ahmad, Helmuth Biechl, and Argo Rosin. "Evaluation of Equivalent Circuit Diagrams and Transfer Functions for Modeling of Lithium-Ion Batteries." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 2, no. 1 (2013): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ecce-2013-0005.

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AbstractThe rapid developments in the field of electrochemistry, enabled lithium-ion batteries to achieve a very good position among all the other types of energy storage devices. Therefore they became an essential component in most of the modern portable and stationary energy storage applications, where the specific energy and the life time play an important role. In order to analyze and optimize lithium-ion batteries an accurate battery model for the dynamic behavior is required. At the beginning of this paper four different categories of electrical models for li-ion cells are presented. In
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Shelni Rofika, Rida Nurul, Mardiyati Mardiyati, and Rahmat Hidayat. "Characteristics of Ni-Zn Rechargeable Batteries with Zn Anode Prepared by Using Nano-Cellulose as its Binder Agent." Materials Science Forum 1028 (April 2021): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1028.105.

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While the operating voltages of Ni-Zn batteries are smaller than Li-ion batteries, Ni-Zn batteries offer some advantages, such as high specific energy and low cost. Ni-Zn batteries use green materials as they use aqueous electrolytes and do not need hazardous organic solvents. Both Ni and Zn are abundant and much less expensive in comparison to lithium. Therefore, Ni-Zn batteries are more suitable as secondary batteries for applications that do not need mobility, such as for storing electricity from solar panels at home or office building. At present, large scale usage of Ni-Zn batteries is hi
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38

Goto, Takashi, Taku Sudoh, Masayoshi Watanabe, and Kazuhide Ueno. "The Cations Effect on Polymer-Assisted Anti-Crystallization of Alkali Metal Salts." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 57 (2024): 3849. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02573849mtgabs.

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To realize carbon neutrality, expanding the use of electric vehicles and stationary storage batteries for renewable energy is one of the effective procedures. The demand of rapid charging and discharging of Li-ion batteries continues to grow, but to achieve this, it is essential to improve Li+ transference number (t Li) of electrolytes as well as improving ionic conductivity (σ ion)1. Molten Li salts, consisted only of ions, do not cause concentration polarization, so that high Li+ transfer numbers (t Li ~ 1) have been reported under anion-blocking condition2. Although most Li salts have high
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Yoshida, Luna, Yuki Orikasa, and Masashi Ishikawa. "Mechanism of Improved Lithium-Sulfur Battery Performance by Oxidation Treatment to Microporous Carbon as Sulfur Matrix." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 64 (2022): 2299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02642299mtgabs.

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1. Introduction Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are rechargeable devices assembled with a sulfur cathode and a lithium metal anode. Li-S batteries have twice the volumetric energy density and 5 times the gravimetric energy density of lithium-ion batteries (LIB). Hence, Li-S batteries are expected to be applied to stationary power sources and EV vehicles [1]. However, Li-S batteries have the following issues: ・Sulfur and the final discharge product (Li2S) are insulators. ・In the discharge process, sulfur expands up to 1.8 times, so the structure of batteries is unstable. ・Intermediate products
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Das, Dhrubajyoti, Sanchita Manna, and Sreeraj Puravankara. "Electrolytes, Additives and Binders for NMC Cathodes in Li-Ion Batteries—A Review." Batteries 9, no. 4 (2023): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9040193.

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Among the current battery technologies, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are essential in shaping future energy landscapes in stationary storage and e-mobility. Among all components, choosing active cathode material (CAM) limits a cell’s available energy density (Wh kg−1), and the CAM selection becomes critical. Layered Lithium transition metal oxides, primarily, LiNixMnyCozO2 (NMC) (x + y + z = 1), represent a prominent class of cathode materials for LIBs due to their high energy density and capacity. The battery performance metrics of NMC cathodes vary according to the different ratios of transi
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Boutelle, Ethan, and Peng Bai. "Synthesis Strategies for Highly Stable Sodium and Potassium Manganese Hexacyanoferrates." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 6 (2024): 3049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-0163049mtgabs.

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Sodium- and potassium-ion batteries (NIBs and KIBs) have been recognized as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), especially for stationary grid-scale applications that favor inexpensive storage over high energy density.1 NASICON-structured phosphates and alluaudite sulfates offer cheap synthesis routes but demonstrate low energy density2,3. Layered oxides can provide a higher energy density but require complex synthesis routes and degrade quickly4. Prussian Blue Analogues (PBAs) benefit from facile precipitation synthesis, flat voltage plateaus, and specific capacities grea
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Soudbakhsh, Damoon, Elham Sahraei, and Mohsen Derakhshan. "Using Time Constants of Batteries for Health and Safety Monitoring." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 5 (2025): 542. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-015542mtgabs.

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The demand for advanced energy storage systems, such as Li-ion batteries, has grown significantly in recent years. However, these batteries pose substantial safety risks if their structural integrity is compromised. Current methods are insufficient for accurately assessing battery safety for continued use in dynamic applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs), or for repurposing in stationary applications, like grid storage. Most prior research has focused on detecting imminent short circuits, but identifying pre-short circuit conditions has proven challenging, as compromised cells often exh
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LE, Phung M.-L., Thanh-Nhan Tran, and Minh-Kha Le. "State-of-the-Art Na-Ion Batteries: Electrolyte Approach to Address the Issues of Cycle-Life." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 9 (2024): 1292. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-0291292mtgabs.

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With a worldwide trend towards the efficient use of renewable energies, the electricity supply sector has a pressing need for inexpensive energy storage. Sodium-ion batteries (NIBs) are an emerging battery technology with promising cost, safety, sustainability, and performance advantages over current commercialized lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, NIBs are attractive prospects for stationary storage application (utility scale and behind-the-meter), and transportation applications where energy density is less critical, and lifetime operational cost is the overriding factor. Sodium-ion batterie
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Eldesoky, Ahmed, Nicholas Kowalski, Eric R. Logan, et al. "The Role of Long Lifetime Li-Ion Cells in a Sustainable Future." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 3 (2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023222mtgabs.

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State-of-the-art Li-ion cells can have decades of lifetime (>40 years) and tremendous cycle life greater than 10000 cycles1. Such incredible cells greatly exceed the goal of 80% capacity retention after 800 cycles, promoted by some as sufficient for electric vehicles (EVs). However, by 2030 it is projected that more than 90% of all Li-ion batteries will be used to power vehicles2, with very few remaining for energy storage from intermittent renewables which must displace fossil fuels for power generation. The batteries in electric vehicles will represent a vast amount of energy storage capa
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Perner, Verena, Marlena Maria Bela, Lukas Herbers, Martin Winter, and Markus Börner. "Towards Safer All-Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries by an Artificial Protection Layers." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 6 (2023): 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0161051mtgabs.

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Lithium ion batteries (LIB) are representing a milestone in electrochemical energy storage and are still the state-of-the-art battery system for various mobile and stationary energy storage applications. However, the practical energy density of LIBs starts to reach an asymptotic limit. Beside LIBs, an auspicious variety of battery systems comprising a better option for specific applications in terms of e.g. energy density, so establishing a diversity of specific battery systems for specific applications is a good strategy.[1 ] After initially paving the way for the LIB, the lithium metal batte
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Cappelli, Andrea, Nicola Stefano Trimarchi, Simone Marzeddu, Riccardo Paoli, and Francesco Romagnoli. "A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of an Electric and a Conventional Mid-Segment Car: Evaluating the Role of Critical Raw Materials in Potential Abiotic Resource Depletion." Energies 18, no. 14 (2025): 3698. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143698.

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Electric passenger vehicles are set to dominate the European car market, driven by EU climate policies and the 2035 ban on internal combustion engine production. This study assesses the sustainability of this transition, focusing on global warming potential and Critical Raw Material (CRM) extraction throughout its life cycle. The intensive use of CRMs raises environmental, economic, social, and geopolitical concerns. These materials are scarce and are concentrated in a few politically sensitive regions, leaving the EU highly dependent on external suppliers. The extraction, transport, and refin
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Zhao, Rui, Steven Recoskie, and Dean MacNeil. "(Invited) An Isothermal Calorimeter for EV Battery Cell Heat Generation Measurement." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 5 (2025): 571. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-015571mtgabs.

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Lithium-ion batteries are the most popular energy storage technology for a variety of stationary and mobile applications due to their higher energy density, reliability, and durability. While it is widely acknowledged that the performance and cycle life of Li-ion batteries are closely tied to their operating temperature, understanding their heat generation and developing an adequate cooling strategy is crucial for success in demanding applications using battery packs containing a significant number of individual cells. Each individual battery cell is a sophisticated electrochemical system wher
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McCann, Gerry. "(Invited) Management Systems for Lithium-Ion Batteries." ECS Transactions 109, no. 3 (2022): 85–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10903.0085ecst.

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Battery Management Systems (BMS) for large Li-ion batteries are, of themselves, complex systems. The complexity starts with voltage measurement for individual cells. Large batteries may have 96, 192, or more, series connected cells, so requiring complex wiring harnesses. The high noise environment provides additional challenges for wiring and also analog front end and analog to digital conversion system design. For safety, and also to help with State of Charge (SOC) estimation, temperature sensors must be located throughout the battery. A computational infrastructure estimates SOC for each cel
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Bajars, Gunars, Inara Nesterova, Beate Kruze, Julija Hodakovska, and Gints Kucinskis. "Improving the Electrochemical Properties of Cathode Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 4 (2022): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-024454mtgabs.

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Energy storage systems made from abundant materials are essential for the transition to a more sustainable economy. Although today lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the most popular battery technology, the growing demand and low availability of lithium, as well as the use of cobalt and other rare metals raise questions about the sustainability and long-term viability of LIB as the only energy storage solution. The high abundance of sodium content and relative similarity to LIBs, allows the sodium ion batteries (SIBs) to be considered as alternative for stationary energy storage [1]. However, th
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Bela, Marlena Maria, Marian Cristian Stan, Martin Winter, and Markus Börner. "Dual-Protective Artificial Layer on Lithium Metal Anodes for Improved Electrochemical Performance – an in-Depth Morphological and Electrochemical Characterization." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 1 (2023): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-011400mtgabs.

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The energy density of traditional lithium ion batteries (LIB) based on graphite intercalation compounds as negative active material is approaching the theoretical limit and are restricting the increasing demand of high energy battery systems for various mobile and stationary applications.[1] Consequently, the implementation of active materials with high specific energies became prerequisite for future battery technologies. Therein, lithium metal is one of the most promising anode active materials to replace state-of-the-art graphite active materials, due to its high theoretical capacity and lo
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