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Lindsey, Heidi Lula. "An Introduction to Bayesian Methodology via WinBUGS and PROC MCMC." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2784.
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Bayesian statistical methods have long been computationally out of reach because the analysis often requires integration of high-dimensional functions. Recent advancements in computational tools to apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are making Bayesian data analysis accessible for all statisticians. Two such computer tools are Win-BUGS and SASR 9.2's PROC MCMC. Bayesian methodology will be introduced through discussion of fourteen statistical examples with code and computer output to demonstrate the power of these computational tools in a wide variety of settings.
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Santos, Cristina Maria Nogueira da Costa. "Statistical methods of assessing agreement for measurements: examples on Obstetrics and gynecology." Tese, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/55360.
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Santos, Cristina Maria Nogueira da Costa. "Statistical methods of assessing agreement for measurements: examples on Obstetrics and gynecology." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/55360.
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Novák, Marek. "Zadání a statistické řešení výzkumné úlohy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10407.
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This thesis is intent on the introduction to problems of statistical approach to research tasks. It focuses on research assignments, position of research worker and statistician while analyzing, ways of gathering data files and problems connected with them, main types of multivariate statistical methods and possible views of their classification. Moreover, this work includes overview of examples of research assignments, possibilities of their solutions and related data files. First chapter describes statistical approach to the research assignments, and the second one shows concrete examples of these assignments. The enclosed CD includes data files to most of the statistical examples.
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Vlnas, Pavel. "Management výuky statistických předmětů v kombinovaném studiu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-19175.
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Currently, there is an urgent need to conduct analysis of teaching statistical courses at the Faculty of Management University of Economics in Prague in order to analyze the current teaching methods, which are at the time of this thesis in the current academic year 2009-2010. Another aim is to propose a new method of teaching that reflect emerging trends in education, which would help students to understand and absorb the learning.
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Puig, Caminal Roger. "Multi-isotopic and statistical approaches to trace nitrate pollution sources and assess natural attenuation in groundwater: examples from nitrate vulnerable zones in Catalonia (NE Spain)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284992.
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In the last decades, anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen to groundwater have dramatically increased, and they nowadays represent one of the most important water resources concerns as NO3-N has become the most ubiquitous chemical contaminant in the world's aquifers. Agriculture, farming activities and wastewater seepage are the main anthropogenic sources of water contamination in rural areas. Another factor that is known to contribute to the decline of groundwater quality is excessive groundwater withdrawal in relation to the natural average recharge. Intensive groundwater exploitation regimes largely disturb hydrogeological systems modifying natural flow paths, altering relationships between groundwater recharge/discharge areas and modifying the flux among aquifer formations. All these human activities have affected the rates and quality of groundwater resources.
In order to address these issues, the origin, fate and transport of nitrate in groundwater have been extensively studied over the past decades. Stable isotope ratios of NO3 (d15N and d18ONO3), SO42-(d34S and d18OSO4), B (d11B) and C (d13CHCO3) have come to be successful tracers of pollution sources, and useful for assessing physico-chemical processes that affect pollutant fate. Aiming to fingerprint nitrate and sulfate sources and determine whether natural attenuation of pollution is occurring in groundwater, two nitrate vulnerable zones in Catalonia (NE Spain), the Selva and Baix Ter basins, have been studied applying multi-isotope and statistical approaches, in the frame of their hydrogeological settings. Both basins are characterized by regional and local, heterogeneous groundwater flow systems, disturbed by groundwater withdrawal from the different aquifer formations and at distinct rates and frequencies depending on the final water use (mainly for irrigation and for urban and farm supplies).
In accordance with potentiometric, hydrochemical and isotopic data, the hydrogeology of the Selva hydrogeological system has been described in order to characterize the alteration brought about in the system by intensive current groundwater withdrawal, and to define the resulting groundwater hydrodynamics. Hydraulic head data indicate the relationships between geological formations in the range areas and the sedimentary infill of the basin. Tectonic elements, such as fault zones and the basement fracture network, play a significant role in the flow behavior, since they have a direct effect on the recharge and allow upward vertical flow to the aquifers constituted by the sedimentary infilling. The use of fluoride and nitrate as tracers for the contribution of deep and shallow flow systems, respectively, provides a detailed portrait of the effects of pumping on the flow path distribution. Therefore, two distinct flow systems, with specific groundwater qualities, have been identified: a regional, large-scale, longer residence time nitrate-free system, recharged from the surrounding ranges, and a local flow system fed by rainfall infiltration in the lower areas of the basin, and affected by anthropogenic activities. The interaction between both flow systems produces a dilution effect that modifies nitrate concentration. Indeed, hydrochemical data, along with d15N, d18ONO3, d34S, d18OSO4 and d13CHCO3 information, confirmed mixing between regional and local flow systems. The d15N, d18ONO3 and d34S indicated that the predominant sources of contamination in the basin are pig manure and synthetic fertilizers. Apart from dilution processes that can contribute to the decrease of nitrate concentrations, the positive correlation between d15N and d18ONO3 agreed with the occurrence of denitrification processes. The d34S and d18OSO4 indicated that oxidation of pyrites is not linked to denitrification, suggesting organic matter to be an electron donor. However, d13CHCO3 did not point to the occurrence of organic matter oxidation. Thus, it is proposed that the mixing processes between deeper regional and local surface groundwater allow denitrification to occur due to the reducing conditions of the regional groundwater.
Results in the Baix Ter basin show a large range of groundwater nitrate concentrations, from no nitrate to up to 480 mg NO3 L-1. In the studied fluvio-deltaic formations d15N and d18ONO3 prove that natural denitrification is occurring, and in combination with d11B, confirm that pig manure application is the main vector of nitrate pollution, although sewage and mineral fertilizers are also isotopically fingerprinted. The natural reduction of nitrate happens in nearriver environments and in areas hydrologically related to fault zones. d34S and d18OSO4 indicate that denitrification is not linked to the pyrite oxidation, but rather to the oxidation of organic matter.
A statistical treatment attending to the compositional nature of available data has been applied using samples from five nitrate vulnerable zones in Catalonia: Baix Ter, Selva, Lluçanès, Maresme and Osona. Three different sets of variables have been used: only geochemical data, only isotope data, or both together. The aims were twofold. First, to establish a graphical comparative tool to discriminate between the different zones affected by nitrate pollution, looking for combinations of logratios of variables that have significantly different average values between the sampled regions. Second: to put forward a statistical methodology that integrates isotope data together with geochemical data. According to these aims, a linear discriminant analysis entering compositional data has been performed and the corresponding discriminant biplot has been depicted. It is remarkable the notable discriminating power when using only the isotope data set, although the optimal separation of regions is achieved when using both geochemical and isotope data subsets, as predicted by the theory of discriminant analysis.
Obtaining all this information can help to understand the mechanisms that control groundwater nitrate contamination, and to evaluate the influence of anthropogenic activities and pressures over the aquifer system at a local as well as regional scale, as a basis for adopting an appropriate water management strategy.Amb els objectius de traçar les fonts de nitrat i sulfat i de determinar si s'estan produint processos d'atenuació natural a les aigües subterrànies, s'han estudiat dues zones vulnerables a la contaminació per nitrats de Catalunya: les depressions de la Selva i del Baix Ter. Ambdues zones són hidrogeològicament complexes i estan caracteritzades per sistemes de flux regionals i locals afectats per una intensa extracció d'aigua subterrània i múltiples fonts de contaminació. La δ15N, δ18ONO3, δ34S i δ18OSO4 indiquen que la font de contaminació dominant de les aigües subterrànies és el purí aplicat als camps, tot i que els fertilitzants sintètics i les aigües residuals també s'han detectat isotòpicament. La mesura de la relació isotòpica del bor dissolt (δ11B), que no s’havia emprat abans en aquestes zones, confirma que la principal contribució de nitrogen és deguda a l’aplicació dels purins. La correlació positiva entre la δ15N i la δ18O del nitrat està d'acord amb l'existència de processos de desnitrificació natural. La δ34S i la δ18O del sulfat mostren que l'oxidació de pirites no està lligada a la desnitrificació, suggerint la matèria orgànica com el donador d'electrons que permet la reducció del nitrat. Les dades hidroquímiques i isotòpiques apunten que pot haver-hi una relació entre els processos de mescla d'aigua subterrània dels sistemes de flux local i regional i la desnitrificació natural del nitrat, sobretot en àrees associades a zones de falles i xarxes de fractures. Tenint en compte la naturalesa composicional de les dades obtingudes, s'ha aplicat un tractament estadístic apropiat a la hidroquímica i relacions isotòpiques de cinc zones vulnerables de Catalunya (Selva, Baix Ter, Lluçanès, Maresme i Osona) per tal d’establir-ne una comparativa.
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Watanabe, Taro. "Example-Based Statistical Machine Translation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147584.
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Duncombe, P. "Statistical software and an example of a regression package." Thesis, University of Kent, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234478.
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Ahmed, Andaleeb Abrar. "New Technique for Imputing Missing Item Responses for an Ordinal Variable: Using Tennessee Youth Risk Behavior Survey as an Example." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2154.
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Surveys ordinarily ask questions in an ordinal scale and often result in missing data. We suggest a regression based technique for imputing missing ordinal data. Multilevel cumulative logit model was used with an assumption that observed responses of certain key variables can serve as covariate in predicting missing item responses of an ordinal variable. Individual predicted probabilities at each response level were obtained. Average individual predicted probabilities for each response level were used to randomly impute the missing responses using a uniform distribution. Finally, likelihood ratio chi square statistics was used to compare the imputed and observed distributions. Two other forms of multiple imputation algorithms were performed for comparison. Performance of our imputation technique was comparable to other 2 established algorithms. Our method being simpler does not involve any complex algorithms and with further research can potentially be used as an imputation technique for missing ordinal variables.
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Tromp, Mary. "Bayesian monitoring of clinical trials| Examples using conjugate priors." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1583226.
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A clinical trial can save time and resources if it incorporates Bayesian monitoring. Generally speaking, conducting Bayesian analysis is a computationally intensive task. However, in the special case of hypotheses testing for clinical trials, and, moreover, when conjugate prior distributions of parameters are used, computational complexity is reduced remarkably. This thesis presents three examples where the Bayesian monitoring is achieved with a prior density of a parameter and the likelihood function of the data belonging to conjugate families of distributions. The first example studies a heart valve trial with a Poisson rate of adverse events and a gamma prior distribution of the rate. The second example focuses on testing certain drug efficacy for lowering high blood pressure, with self-conjugate normal family of distributions. In the third example, the probability of a false positive alarm produced by a heart defibrillator is modeled with beta prior distribution conjugate to binomial likelihood function.
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Ive, Julia. "Towards a Better Human-Machine Collaboration in Statistical Translation : Example of Systematic Medical Reviews." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLS225/document.
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La traduction automatique (TA) a connu des progrès significatifs ces dernières années et continue de s'améliorer. La TA est utilisée aujourd'hui avec succès dans de nombreux contextes, y compris les environnements professionnels de traduction et les scénarios de production. Cependant, le processus de traduction requiert souvent des connaissances plus larges qu'extraites de corpus parallèles. Étant donné qu'une injection de connaissances humaines dans la TA est nécessaire, l'un des moyens possibles d'améliorer TA est d'assurer une collaboration optimisée entre l'humain et la machine. À cette fin, de nombreuses questions sont posées pour la recherche en TA: Comment détecter les passages où une aide humaine devrait être proposée ? Comment faire pour que les machines exploitent les connaissances humaines obtenues afin d'améliorer leurs sorties ? Enfin, comment optimiser l'échange: minimiser l'effort humain impliqué et maximiser la qualité de TA? Diverses solutions sont possibles selon les scénarios de traductions considérés. Dans cette thèse, nous avons choisi de nous concentrer sur la pré-édition, une intervention humaine en TA qui a lieu ex-ante, par opposition à la post-édition, où l'intervention humaine qui déroule ex-post. En particulier, nous étudions des scénarios de pré-édition ciblés où l'humain doit fournir des traductions pour des segments sources difficiles à traduire et choisis avec soin. Les scénarios de la pré-édition impliquant la pré-traduction restent étonnamment peu étudiés dans la communauté. Cependant, ces scénarios peuvent offrir une série d'avantages relativement, notamment, à des scénarios de post-édition non ciblés, tels que : la réduction de la charge cognitive requise pour analyser des phrases mal traduites; davantage de contrôle sur le processus; une possibilité que la machine exploite de nouvelles connaissances pour améliorer la traduction automatique au voisinage des segments pré-traduits, etc. De plus, dans un contexte multilingue, des difficultés communes peuvent être résolues simultanément pour de nombreuses langues. De tels scénarios s'adaptent donc parfaitement aux contextes de production standard, où l'un des principaux objectifs est de réduire le coût de l’intervention humaine et où les traductions sont généralement effectuées à partir d'une langue vers plusieurs langues à la fois. Dans ce contexte, nous nous concentrons sur la TA de revues systématiques en médecine. En considérant cet exemple, nous proposons une méthodologie indépendante du système pour la détection des difficultés de traduction. Nous définissons la notion de difficulté de traduction de la manière suivante : les segments difficiles à traduire sont des segments pour lesquels un système de TA fait des prédictions erronées. Nous formulons le problème comme un problème de classification binaire et montrons que, en utilisant cette méthodologie, les difficultés peuvent être détectées de manière fiable sans avoir accès à des informations spécifiques au système. Nous montrons que dans un contexte multilingue, les difficultés communes sont rares. Une perspective plus prometteuse en vue d'améliorer la qualité réside dans des approches dans lesquelles les traductions dans les différentes langues s’aident mutuellement à résoudre leurs difficultés. Nous intégrons les résultats de notre procédure de détection des difficultés dans un protocole de pré-édition qui permet de résoudre ces difficultés par pré-traduction. Nous évaluons le protocole dans un cadre simulé et montrons que la pré-traduction peut être à la fois utile pour améliorer la qualité de la TA et réaliste en termes d'implication des efforts humains. En outre, les effets indirects sont significatifs. Nous évaluons également notre protocole dans un contexte préliminaire impliquant des interventions humaines. Les résultats de ces expériences pilotes confirment les résultats obtenus dans le cadre simulé et ouvrent des perspectives encourageantes pour des tests ultérieuresMachine Translation (MT) has made significant progress in the recent years and continues to improve. Today, MT is successfully used in many contexts, including professional translation environments and production scenarios. However, the translation process requires knowledge larger in scope than what can be captured by machines even from a large quantity of translated texts. Since injecting human knowledge into MT is required, one of the potential ways to improve MT is to ensure an optimized human-machine collaboration. To this end, many questions are asked by modern research in MT: How to detect where human assistance should be proposed? How to make machines exploit the obtained human knowledge so that they could improve their output? And, not less importantly, how to optimize the exchange so as to minimize the human effort involved and maximize the quality of MT output? Various solutions have been proposed depending on concrete implementations of the MT process. In this thesis we have chosen to focus on Pre-Edition (PRE), corresponding to a type of human intervention into MT that takes place ex-ante, as opposed to Post-Edition (PE), where human intervention takes place ex-post. In particular, we study targeted PRE scenarios where the human is to provide translations for carefully chosen, difficult-to-translate, source segments. Targeted PRE scenarios involving pre-translation remain surprisingly understudied in the MT community. However, such PRE scenarios can offer a series of advantages as compared, for instance, to non-targeted PE scenarios: i.a., the reduction of the cognitive load required to analyze poorly translated sentences; more control over the translation process; a possibility that the machine will exploit new knowledge to improve the automatic translation of neighboring words, etc. Moreover, in a multilingual setting common difficulties can be resolved at one time and for many languages. Such scenarios thus perfectly fit standard production contexts, where one of the main goals is to reduce the cost of PE and where translations are commonly performed simultaneously from one language into many languages. A representative production context - an automatic translation of systematic medical reviews - is the focus of this work. Given this representative context, we propose a system-independent methodology for translation difficulty detection. We define the notion of translation difficulty as related to translation quality: difficult-to-translate segments are segments for which an MT system makes erroneous predictions. We cast the problem of difficulty detection as a binary classification problem and demonstrate that, using this methodology, difficulties can be reliably detected without access to system-specific information. We show that in a multilingual setting common difficulties are rare, and a better perspective of quality improvement lies in approaches where translations into different languages will help each other in the resolution of difficulties. We integrate the results of our difficulty detection procedure into a PRE protocol that enables resolution of those difficulties by pre-translation. We assess the protocol in a simulated setting and show that pre-translation as a type of PRE can be both useful to improve MT quality and realistic in terms of the human effort involved. Moreover, indirect effects are found to be genuine. We also assess the protocol in a preliminary real-life setting. Results of those pilot experiments confirm the results in the simulated setting and suggest an encouraging beginning of the test phase
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Yum, Sichang. "How coherent texts with varied examples help students learn about statistics : a test of text processing models /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Pachas, Erik W. "Probabilistic Methods In Information Theory." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/407.
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Given a probability space, we analyze the uncertainty, that is, the amount of information of a finite system, by studying the entropy of the system. We also extend the concept of entropy to a dynamical system by introducing a measure preserving transformation on a probability space. After showing some theorems and applications of entropy theory, we study the concept of ergodicity, which helps us to further analyze the information of the system.
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Berka, Christopher, Stefan Humer, Mathias Moser, Manuela Lenk, Eliane Schwerer, and Henrik Rechta. "A Quality Framework for Statistics based on Administrative Data Sources using the Example of the Austrian Census 2011." Austrian Statistical Society, c/o Bundesanstalt Statistik Austria, 2010. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5387/1/104Berka.pdf.
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Along with the implementation of a register-based census we develop a methodological framework to assess administrative data sources for statistical use. Key aspects for the quality of these data are identified in the context of hyperdimensions and embedded into a process flow. Based on this approach we develop a structural quality framework and suggest a concept for quality assessment and several quality measures.
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Outram, Zoe, Catherine M. Batt, E. J. Rhodes, and Stephen J. Dockrill. "The integration of chronological and archaeological information to date building construction: an example from Shetland, Scotland, UK." Elsevier, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4667.
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noThis paper presents new chronological data applied to the problem of providing a date for the construction of a prehistoric building, with a case study from the Old Scatness Broch, Shetland. The innovative methodology employed utilises the combination of radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dates with the archaeological information, which includes the stratigraphic relationships of sampled deposits, context information, and evidence relating to the formation of the deposit. This paper discusses the scientific validity of the dates produced, and the advantages that the methodology employed at this site offers for archaeological interpretation. The combined dating evidence suggests that the broch at Old Scatness is earlier than the conventionally accepted dates for broch construction. More broadly it shows the value of integration of the specialists at the planning stages of the excavation. The application of a Bayesian statistical model to the sequences of dates allowed investigation of the robustness of the dates within the stratigraphic sequences, as well as increasing the resolution of the resulting chronology. In addition, the value of utilising multiple dating techniques on the same deposit was demonstrated, as this allowed different dated events to be directly compared as well as issues relating to the formation of the sampled deposit. This in turn impacted on the chronological significance of the resulting dating evidence, and therefore the confidence that could be placed in the results.
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Johanisová, Lucie. "Reported & Reported: differences among local and international game hunting data and potential reasons on the example of South Africa." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekoteknik- och hållbart byggande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-39217.
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The South African wildlife tourism industry is based on trophy hunting and together with international wildlife trade it can represent a major treat to biodiversity conservation. Annually, thousands of hunters participate in hunting activities in South Africa and thousands of trophy items are traded across international borders. This research is a result of comprehensive quantitative analysis in how far data of trophy hunting kills and data of trophy export are consistent on the example of South Africa. Data were extracted from 2 different sources: trade data reported under the CITES Trade Database on export of trophy items from South Africa within the year 2018; South African Professional Hunting statistics (SAPHs) containing trophy kills information for each species and the country of origin of the hunter. In the year 2018, a total of 3,126 hunting trophy items of 28 endangered taxa were exported out of South Africa to 37 countries that contributed to trophy hunting trade in South Africa. However, 64 countries participated in trophy hunting of endangered taxa in South Africa and a total of 4,726 trophy kills of 28 trophy-hunted endangered taxa were reported. Therefore, the level of inconsistence in data of trophy hunting kills and data of trophy hunting export is significant and differs to varying degrees across the countries contributing to trophy hunting and CITES-listed trophy-hunted species. This research provides possible reasons for the inconsistency and propose recommendations for improving the CITES reporting system.2020-06-10
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Katzenellenbogen, Judith Masha. "Use of data linkage to enhance burden of disease estimates in Western Australia : the example of stroke." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0117.
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[Truncated abstract] The Disability-Adjusted Life Year index, developed by the Global Burden of Disease Study, is used extensively to compare disease burden between locations and over time. While calculation of the fatal component of this measure, Years of Life Lost, is relatively straight-forward, the non-fatal component, Years Lived with Disability, is based on parameters that are challenging to estimate. This thesis pioneers the use of the Western Australian Data Linkage System to enhance epidemiological parameters underpinning Years Lived with Disability, providing, by way of illustration, a robust quantitative profile of burden of stroke in the state of Western Australia at the turn of the 21st century. The principal methodological objective was to utilise data linkage analytic methods for the specific requirements of burden of disease estimation. The principal stroke-related objectives were: 1. To estimate the parameters underpinning the non-fatal burden of stroke (Years Lived with Disability) in Western Australia in 2000. 2. To estimate the total burden of stroke (Disability-Adjusted Life Years) in Western Australia in 2000. 3. To investigate differentials in stroke burden between different sub-populations in Western Australia. 4. To calculate projections of stroke burden for Western Australia in 2016. Years Lived with Disability from stroke were calculated for Western Australia from nonfatal stroke incidence, expected duration and disability (severity) weights. Non-fatal incidence was estimated using linked hospital and death records of first-ever hospitalised stroke 28-day survivors in 2000. This was then adjusted for out-of-hospital cases determined from the population-based Perth Community Stroke Study. iv Analysis of mortality in hospitalised 28-day survivors using linked data revealed that the excess mortality in prevalent, rather than incident cases was the main disease-specific parameter required for modelling stroke duration using DisMod II specialised software. ... Access to data linkage and population-based stroke studies in Western Australia allowed more accurate estimation of non-fatal stroke burden, with previous reports most likely underestimating disability as a contributor to total burden. Although predominantly affecting the growing aged population, stroke also affects a sizable number under the age of 65 years, the age group where differentials in stroke burden are the greatest. The findings highlight the continued need for primary prevention efforts for all ages, targeting especially younger people in disadvantaged groups. The shift to greater disability burden in the future and the needs of disadvantaged groups must be considered when planning stroke services. The multiple studies undertaken for this thesis contribute to ongoing improvement of data quality and methodological refinements underpinning estimates of Years Lived with Disability, specifically for stroke, but applicable also to other diseases. Similar linked data approaches can be used in other Australian states in the future once infrastructure is developed, thereby improving estimates of disease burden for health policy and planning in the future.
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Kracík, Martin. "Podpora malého a středního podnikání v ČR z národních programů a z fondů EU." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76363.
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The essence of the first part of this work (chapters 1, 2 and 3) lies in the brief introduction to the support for small and medium sized enterprises. After that follows presentation of key institutions (ministries, agencies, etc.) helpful during the process of obtaining support from national programmes. Except of basic services performed by given institutions, useful web links are also included. In the same way, particular European support programmes are presented. In the framework of second part (chapters 4, 5 and 6), backward bases are exemplified on the practical example of the company Strojírny Podzimek, Ltd. and their experiences. That case shows, what does the making use of the national support programmes mean practically. Likewise, business support from EU funds is described, namely on the case of company Frýdlantské strojírny Rasl a syn, Inc. Third part of this thesis (chapters 7 and 8) is making us familiar with resuming statistics about the amount of subsidies drawn from national programmes and from the EU funds. In both cases, brief forecasts of future development and approximate amounts of unused funds are stated.
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Sih, Sing-Hong, and 薛丞宏. "Corpus Preprocessing for Statistical Machine Translation between the Chinese Languages - Using Taiwan Southern Min as Examples." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4fbuc2.
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碩士國立交通大學
資訊科學與工程研究所
103
Taiwan is a multi-culture and multi-language country. Speaking in mother tongues is a basic human right, but there are few computer applications for mother languages. The applications are supported by corpus and research of natural language processing. There are many local languages in Taiwan. This thesis focuses on Southern Min Taiwanese, is major local language in Taiwan. It contains research into corpus preprocessing to get good performance in statistical machine translation. We wish it can help the computational linguistic research of other local language of Taiwan. This thesis introduces a method to preprocess the corpus whose information is lacking. After refining, the BLEU score is raised from 9.30 to 13.82. Experiments in this thesis show that translation performance is sensitive to the amount of parallel corpus when the amount of parallel corpus sentences is less than 100,000. The BLEU score raises from 13.82 to 19.33 as the amount of sentences increased from 64121 to 99147.
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LEE, SU-PHON, and 李淑鳳. "Statistical Learning Anxiety and Transformation Process of Graduate Students Studying Statistics for Education course─An Example of Institute in Eastern Taiwan." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4b6yc6.
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碩士慈濟大學
教育研究所
107
Abstract The purpose of this study is to explore graduate student’s learning in the course of Statistics for Education course, including statistics anxiety, the transformative learning process they undergo and the impacts of the instructor on student’s transformative learning. A Qualitative research approach was applied and semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in this study. The research subjects were ten graduate students studying in a university located. Their ages ranged from 23 to 43 years. Three of them were males and the other were females. After analyzing these ten learners’ learning experience in the course Statistics for Education. The researcher made the following conclusions: 1. The situation of the graduate students registered the course Statistics for Education course got better and better. 2. The types and the reasons of statistics anxiety for the course Statistics for Education are diverse. 3. The transformative learning process triggered by statistics anxiety for the course Statistics for Education have five stages. 4. There is a direct link between the educator and the graduate student’s transformative learning process. Finally, according to the above conclusions were made in the study some suggestions for learner and educators. Key words: Educational Statistics , Statistics Anxiety, Transformativ Learning
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Chiang, Hsin Jung, and 江欣容. "Research into a System Framework for Knowledge Discovery in the Context of Statistics Tasks within e-Government — on Examples of Interior Statistic." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50281789391730014642.
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碩士國立政治大學
資訊管理研究所
92
In order to enhance international competitive advantages, most of the government authorities over the world are engaging in realizing their e-Government platforms. The ROC Government began to develope its e-Government- Infrastructure since 1997, and up-to-date is expanding the e-Taiwan Project as a whole by Executive Yuan. The computerization of administration processes within various government agencies push forward fast development of administration information systems via handling administrative works and lead to utmost opportunities for the government statistics by means of very large databases. Starting from a survey on developements of e-Government, administrative processes for interior affairs, and knowledge mining as well as discovery techniques, this study brings out reference data models, potential statistical softwaretools, and an experimental framework as a whole for knowledge discovery in the context of e-Government. In the next step, this study experiments with applying clustering techniques such as K-means, ANN, and Twostep on datamart regarding marriage of foreigners ( including citizens from Mainland China ) in Taiwan, and with employeeing multi-modes approach on population forecasting. The results of aforementioned analysises are feed into backend database. At last, this author carries out a prototype of knowledge discovery system which includes front-end data base, data marts, knowledge base and interfaces to EIS. The results of the research can be summarized as following: 1.Knowledge derived by means of data mining is capable to represent social events / affairs as well as to serve as a kind of guideline for developing government ploicies. 2. The modern data-ming techniques and classical data-analysis approaches complement with each other in the system developed in this research. 3. Certain mining technique is suitable of corresponding data pattern, for example, expotential smoothing is more suitable for our population data than ANN, which means that we may often achieve better result by multi-mode analysis and comprison with the outputs of different modes. 4. Knowledge creation, sharing, and management can be achieved by means of the knowledge discovery processes on the framework developed in this research. 5. We can figure out errorful raw data in the mining output and feedback to the data source to improve its quality.
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Hung, Kun-Zhong, and 洪坤鍾. "The statistical investigation engineering problems-The welding Engineering for example." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/q478qu.
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碩士樹德科技大學
經營管理研究所
102
Abstract Very often, a small sample size is used for investigation on macroscopic phenomenon of engineering problems. Design of experiments is the most common method for engineering researches. Taguchi method is one of experiments design method that most be used. The Taguchi method allows for the analysis of many different parameters without a prohibitively high amount of experimentation. The main disadvantage of the Taguchi method is that the orthogonal arrays do not test all variable combinations, this method should not be used with all relationships between all variables are needed. In this study, an investigation on the relationships between all welding parameters and deformation based on Statistical Inferences. Mild steel of SAE 1020 will be used as test specimens, which will be welded with a semi-automatic MAG welding. For considering the welding deformation is expected to depend on welding operators because it is affected by the welding conditions such as welding heat input, leg length, and the restraint of weld joint, over 15 welding operatives having specified skills will be engaged in the fillet welding of Tee join. Keyword：Statistical Investigation, Fillet weld, welding parameters, welding deformation, Taguchi method
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Chou, Yi-Ting, and 周怡婷. "Statistical Analysis of Various Test –Example by the Sixth Grade Mathematics Test." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26439923724158356348.
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碩士銘傳大學
應用統計資訊學系碩士班
100
Taiwan will be implemented 12-year compulsory education in 2014. All of senior high and vocational school students should be able to receive free education, and most of them would enter the school without examination by then. Ministry of education plans to replace basic competence test by junior high education unified examination. Students, teachers and parents could understand students’ learning conditions by the result of junior high education unified examination. Because junior high education unified examination contains multiple versions of textbooks, this study investigated the effect on anchor items to various tests, and analyzed the reliability, discrimination, and difficulty of tests. The conclusions of this study are as follows: anchor items have consistency discrimination and difficulty, and the grades consistency of various tests are obtained by adjusting the point ratio of anchor items and other items.
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Lin, Hsiao-Ching, and 林筱晴. "Applications of Corpus Statistics and Web Statistics in Natural Language Processing: Chinese Segmentation as an Example." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07326648228816186303.
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Tsai, Min-Hui, and 蔡敏慧. "Animal’s dynamic behavioral model and its statistical analysis---using bean weevil as an example." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78633033535698251459.
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碩士淡江大學
數學學系
89
Small-world networks are often showed in many biological, social and the spread of infectious diseases networks. They lie between completely regular networks and completely random networks, and have both characteristics of them particularly; the connective ways of small-world networks are faster than the regular networks in the spread of infectious diseases.In the point view of evolutionary biology, creatures do the best to survive. In this study, we used mung bean weevils as experimental subjects. The movement trajectory of the mung bean weevils on a small-circular path dish were collected to test whether they like small-world networks. We recorded the movement trajectory of the mung bean weevils by defining “round ” and “round completion” and found that the movement trajectory in the rounds showed small-world networks. It was observed that mung bean weevils could choose beans for laying eggs efficiently.Furthermore, however, not taking laying-egg effect into consideration, four movement modes were constructed to describe the movement of mung bean weevils. We compared the simulated data with the real data by using the method of calculating “characteristic path length” and “clustering coefficient”. It seems that these four movement modes did not describe the movement trajectory of the mung bean weevils very well. It meant that “walk pattern” and ”laying pattern” might not be independent. They both influence the movement trajectory of the mung bean weevils.
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LO, HSIEN-CHING, and 羅賢靖. "Application of advance statistical method in quality control: an example in a hemostasis laboratory." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00860252477917319074.
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碩士銘傳大學
應用統計資訊學系碩士班
104
Levey-Jennings control chart has been used in clinical laboratory quality control of the world until now. This method is carried out in the assumption of normality. So, if we have non-normal data by quality control solution, then hospital could make some error detection. We discover between the new quality control solution and old quality control solution are difference in average. If they have big bias, then just to define new upper and lower control limit. It makes control chart loosen. The research sample has WBC, RBC, Hb, and PLT, from one of the hospital in Taipei city, from May, 2015, to April, 2015. The research used Shewhart, weighted variance, and scaled weighted variance to compare their normal or non-normal performance. For this control problem, this paper used sequential probability ratio test and empirical Bayesian method for the clinical quality control to link the new batch number of quality control solution up. Use the R3.3.1. We found this data has 60% with non-normal, and alert incidence is closest the 0.27% by scaled weighted variance. So that shows it is the best method to solve the non-normal data. When the hospital need to link the new batch quality control solution, through the proposed method, and indeed can be achieved in line with the desired objectives.
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Tai, Fang-Fang, and 戴芳芳. "Application of Statistical Shape Analysis to Product Design - Take Mouse Design as an Example." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13941682882546959510.
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碩士東海大學
工業設計學系
99
This paper applys statistical shape analysis to build a correlation model between emotion and form factors of computer mouses. Through this model, the designer can synthesize a new mouse shape which meets emotional needs of the customer. To set up the model, first questionares and factor analysis are used to extract key emotion factors of the mouse. Second, category regression with optimal scaling is used to identify critical design elements which have strong connection with the above emotion factors. Third, statistical shape analysis is used to extract major shape variation components of the design element which has the highest impact of emotion. Four, for the design element the category regression with optimal scaling is applied to model the correlation between its shape components and key emotion factors. Last, a MATLAB program is developed to demonstrate statistical shape analysis steps, to build the correlation model, and to show how it can be a useful tool for designing a new mouse shape which meets customer’s emotional needs. Key Words： Mouse、Shape、Statistical Shape Analysis、Shape Emotion Modeling、 Kansei Engineering
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Lee, Cheng-Chen, and 李振程. "A Study on the Effectiveness of Statistical Quality Control Educational Training — Example of China Steel Corporation." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30095687208565236959.
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碩士義守大學
工業工程與管理學系
91
ABSTRACT Statistical quality control (SQC) is an important part of total quality management (TQM) activity. It can widely be applied in the whole sales and production system from the development of new products and new technology to after sales service. The important way to implement SQC is educational training. The major purpose of this study is to investigate and discuss the effects and the influential factors of the SQC training. Moreover, this study takes the China Steel Corporation as an example of this research. The subjects of this study were the workers from the China Steel Corporation who have taken the primary, middle level or high level of SQC educational training programs. The research sent out 322 questionnaires to these subjects, and the total 206 sets of valid data were collected. After analyzing the data with quantitative analysis, together with various kinds of statistic methods, some important discoveries are stated as follow: 1.Through the SQC educational training, the quality management activities can have positive effects. 2.The support of bosses is the key factor that will influence the effects of the SQC educational training. 3.The arrangement of the SQC educational training programs also is the important factor that influences the effects of the training. 4.The actual applied cases will influence the effects of the SQC educational training. 5.The suitable teaching materials conduce to promoting the effects of the training. 6.The SQC teachers should have good abilities of eloquence and expressiveness. 7.The people who take higher SQC training course can obtain better training effects. 8.The people who have more definite motivation can obtain better training effects. 9.The suitable training locations, conditions and facilities are the basic requirement of the training. 10.The traditional forms of educational training have not been able to completely satisfy a variety of training demands. To further promote the effects of the SQC educational training, some suggestions based on the conclusions from this research are brought up. 1.The bosses have to fully support the SQC training and encourage their subordinates to solve the problems with SQC. 2.The key point of the SQC educational training is to explain living examples and drills. 3.The SQC educational training should have clear goals. 4.The SQC educational training should be continuous work. 5.The case of effective SQC should be given appropriate rewards. 6.The SQC website should be set up, then the SQC educational training and applications could be extensively generalized through the e-learning system. Key Word：Statistical Quality Control (SQC), Total Quality Management (TQM), Educational Training, Training Effectiveness
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Chen, Chan-Hsing, and 陳展興. "Pre-service Elementary School Teachers' Statistical Literacy ─ An Example of a National University in Southern Taiwan." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3zq342.
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碩士國立臺南大學
應用數學系數學科教學碩士班
103
Based on Gal’s statistical literacy model and statistical materials of primary school, this research was to study statistical literacy possessed by pre-employed teachers. The purpose of this study was to analyze their statistical literacy and error type. My research objects were pre-employed teachers from a southern national university. I used questionnaires and semi-structured interviews as the study methods. The content of my questionnaire was about Gal’s statistical literacy model and units of pie chart, bar chart and line chart covered in statistical materials of primary school. In the questionnaires, each cluster of questions was divided into four parts, including literacy skills, statistical knowledge, mathematical knowledge, critical questions as well as context knowledge. After collecting data, I classified the error types based on the four parts mentioned above. Also I interviewed a pre-employed teacher from three different groups with the highest score, medium score and the lowest score in a hope to comprehend the process of making errors. From the result of the research, I discovered that most of the pre-employed teachers could only report directly or infer from some partial information. They lacked of the ability of criticism or question with limited information provided. The research explicitly showed that pre-employed teachers are short of context knowledge or critical questions in statistical literacy compared to literacy skills, statistical knowledge and mathematical knowledge.
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Yang, Hao-Chung, and 楊浩忠. "Analysis of Major Economic Statistics on Defense Expenditure–Taking Taiwan and South Korea as Examples." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62994490181287986759.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
財務金融系碩士班
99
This study took Taiwan and South Korea for examples to investigate the effects of some vital economic indexes, such as rate of economic growth, annual growth rate in per capita GNP, annual growth rate of population, annual growth rate of CPI, fluctuation rate of exchange, and annual growth rate of unemployment, on the defense expenditure. The correlation analysis and multi-linear regression model were adopted in this study to look for the direction of improvement for our national defense expenditure and policy implementation. The research results showed there was positive relation between the annual growth rate in per capita GNP, the annual growth rate of CPI, and the defense expenditure in Taiwan; however, there was negative relation between the rate of economic growth, the fluctuation rate of exchange, and the defense expenditure. For the South Korea part, there was positive relation between the fluctuation rate of exchange and defense expenditure; in contrast, there was negative relation between the annual growth rate in per capita GNP, the annual growth rate of unemployment, and the defense expenditure. Taiwan’s defense expenditure was limited and squeezed by the government policies and social welfare so it could not have been increased along with the economic growth. The national income and the price growth have been taken into consideration to raise the defense budget; however, we are still too dependent on America for military purchase to make the negative relation between the fluctuation rate of exchange and the defense expenditure. In addition, by observing the negative relation between South Korea’s defense expenditure and the annual growth rate of unemployment, we could know that their development in defense autonomy works and runs well. The research conclusions are listed as below. They are: I.Taiwan government should change the present policy and increase defense expenditure as the economy grows; II.Taiwan government should always take the national income and price growth into consideration when they budget for policies; and III.Taiwan government could learn from South Korea’s defense autonomy and use the industrial power and technologies from our private departments.
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HUANG, SHENG-SHIANG, and 黃聖翔. "The estimation on SVM of classified TFIDF and entropy－statistics questions for example." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nb5dzr.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
資訊與運籌管理研究所
99
It goes through countless exams in studies, certifications of professional skills and job-seeking tests. To adapt to specializations of various areas, it is necessary for consulting internationally representative books, which was written in English. According to the statistic of English test China Electronics News did on university students, it found that the level of domestic English degree was generally low. It not only results the weakness of students'' abilities in comprehending English on original books and questions, but also costs a lot of time to reviewing examination papers and looking for the source section. In recent years, there are some good results in machine learning algorithms applied to the field of document classification. In this case we use the support vector machine to do the automatic classify. TFIDF is weighting method which is widely used. Use the frequency of keywords in documents which appear between the files to give weights. From the thermodynamic to information theory, there is also the entropy weight method. To give weights by the frequency that keywords appear in the training documents of each of the categories. There are already some researches on using entropy to improve the original TFIDF weights. There are two improved methods which are TFIDF_entr and TFIDF_entr∆. In the case of 1177 training samples, through TFIDF_entr∆ weight improvement, the accuracy of classification is up to 88.2465%; TFIDF_entr weight improvement can be 86.6109%;TFIDF which haven''t be improved is 84.5188%.
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Peng, Szu-Min, and 彭思敏. "Cox and Random Walk Statistical Models for Dynamics of Intractable Ordinal Data: An Example of Fecal Hemoglobin Concentration." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u8awzp.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
流行病學與預防醫學研究所
103
Background As fecal hemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) is a good predictor for colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality, the dynamics of f-Hb is therefore of great interest in the face of large population-based screening data on periodical examination of f-Hb. Modeling the evolution of f-Hb is intractable as it is an ordinal property and often involves with correlated, censoring, truncating, and dynamic movement with absorbing barriers in the province of the random walk model. Aims This thesis was first to assess the values of f-Hb across three groups (normal, adenoma, and CRC), estimate the effective median f-Hb concentration (f-Hb50) and its threshold when the adenoma and CRC were detected. The second aim was to apply the random walk model to quantify the dynamic change of f-Hb considering the upper limit because of occurrence of adenoma and CRC. Methods Conventional survival analysis was employed to test the difference in the mean (or median) value of f-Hb across three groups. The Cox proportional hazards (PH) regression model, making allowance for correlated property, was applied to estimating the hazard ratio (HR) of reaching the ranking of f-Hb across three groups after controlling for relevant covariates. The non-parametric method was used to estimate effective median value of f-Hb (f-Hb50) and the threshold value of f-Hb to hit colorectal adenoma and CRC. To consider the dynamic (stochastic) property, a random walk model with asymptotic distribution and multi-nominal distribution was further developed to elucidate the evolution (repeated measurement) of f-Hb data to estimate the forward probability (p) and backward probability (q) by three types of diseases status. These parameters were also exploited for calculating the gambler’s ruin probabilities of hitting adenoma and CRC. Results The result of ANOVA shows that the differences in the mean value of f-Hb across three groups were statistically significant. The result of Cox PH regression after adjusting for other covariates (gender, age, family history and brand), compared to the normal group, the HR of the CRC group was 0.181 (0.178, 0.184) and the adenoma group was 0.204 (0.202, 0.205), which suggest that screenee who had higher f-Hb may have higher probability to be diagnosed with disease. The estimated results on the random walk logistic regression model is that the drift rate (p-q) was the highest in the CRC patients followed by adenoma, and the lowest in subjects free of colorectal neoplasia. With the random walk logistics regression model merely considering forward (p) and backward probability, the calculation probabilities gave 0.733 and 0.267 for patents diagnosed as CRC, 0.575 and 0.425 of p and q for patients diagnosed as adenoma, and 0.358 and 0.642 of p and q for the normal subjects. Compared with the normal group, the odds ratio of moving forward was 4.923 for CRC and 2.426 for adenoma. If we set 400 μg/g for CRC, 300 μg/g for adenoma and 20 μg/g for normal as the absorbing barrier the gambler’s ruin probability of reaching the barrier was 0.867, which was higher than 0.455 of adenoma whereas the ruin probability for the normal subject was very low. If the initial value (x) was set 1 it takes, on average, 740 steps for CRC, 893 steps for adenoma, and 7.05 steps for normal to reach absorbing barrier. Conclusions The thesis has applied the Cox PH regression model and developed a random walk regression model to accommodate the ordinal data with long tail distribution at extremely high value, undetectable circumstance at extremely low value, and missing values and also in relation to multi-state outcome. These proposed models have been applied to nationwide population-based screening for CRC with FIT to estimate the hazard ratio for CRC and adenoma as opposed to the normal subjects, also to estimate the f-Hb50 and threshold of developing CRC and adenoma, and get a better understanding of how f-Hb moves forward and backward with time, providing what is the chance of having gambler’s ruin (reaching to the barriers of f-Hb) and how many steps are expected to be taken before ruining. These findings provide a new insight into policy-making for colorectal cancer screening and also the surveillance of early-detected colorectal cancer.
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Li, Meng-Shan, and 李孟珊. "An investigation on the effectiveness of teaching scientific concepts via statistical distribution －Using Maxwell distribution as an example." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87259908499435271653.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
科學教育研究所
100
Maxwell speed distribution is a difficult topic to many senior high school students. This study proposed that a better understanding can be gained if students are taught statistical distribution before the formal introduction of this topic. Towards this purpose, teaching materials on Maxwell distribution were designed according to the Distribution Data Handling teaching model that was developed for this study with emphasis from the perspective of statistical distribution. A teaching experiment was then conducted to test out the effectiveness of this approach according to the quasi-experimental design. The participants were from two grade twelve classes for gifted students in a senior high school located in Taipei city. The effectiveness of the instruction and materials were evaluated by analyzing students’ responses to the statistical distribution concept test, Maxwell distribution concept test, an attitude questionnaire, as well as data from class videos and semi-structured interviews. Several results were observed from this study. First, since there is a correspondence between the statistical concept of distribution to those scientific concepts that are based on distribution, students with better grasped of the features of distribution performed better after instruction. They could better relate to the molecular speed distribution from a global and integrated perspective. They could better comprehend the effect of temperature and molecular weight on the Maxwell distribution. Second, for students who tended to focus only on a single or part of the features of a distribution, they were observed not being able to comprehend the Maxwell distribution holistically. When some the surrounding conditions were changed, they tended to focus on changes of a few data points and not on all of the data. Third, after formal introduction to statistical distribution and hands-on experiences with handling data, students could better understand Maxwell distribution holistically as well as the underlying meaning of quantities in relation to the speed distribution.
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Ho, Chiu-Hua, and 何秋華. "The Development of the Real Time Statistical Process Control System for Quartz Oscillators-Using a Corporation as an Example." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13082719956594312265.
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碩士國立屏東科技大學
工業管理系所
97
Quartz oscillator plays an important role in signal transmission, removal of miscellaneous signal, and stability of frequency band of the electronic product. At present most companies use the automatic machines to produce the quartz oscillators. However, the production data independence among each machine while producing of the quartz oscillators, so the erroneous judgment situation of product quality will increase apparently. This study develops a real time statistical process control system (RTSPCS), in order to monitor the quality of the products and to integrate the production data. The RTSPCS can detect as soon as possible whether the production process is out of control, and then utilize the action plan to adopt the corrective countermeasure. This system can make the company improve products quality and competitiveness.
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Jin, Tiantian. "Effect on Superficial Variability of Examples on Learning Applied Probability." Thesis, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8SN1NDB.
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Learning through examples is a central and widely used instructional device for teaching mathematically-based subjects such as statistical probability. However, the applications of the superficial variability of examples remain controversial. This dissertation investigates how the superficial variability of multiple examples influences students' learning and transfer of probability problem-solving. Moreover, the author discovers whether content difficulty affects the influence of examples' superficial variability. Three conditions were developed and compared: consistent-surface condition (CS), varied-surface-within-rule condition (VSWR), and varied-surface-between-rule condition (VSBR). For the purpose of exploration and methodology improvement for the dissertation study, two pilot studies were conducted. However, conflicting results were shown in those two studies. In the first pilot study, students in CS condition performed the worst. In the second pilot study, students in VSBR condition performed the worst. These conflicting results encouraged the author, even more, to conduct the dissertation study with a larger sample size and improved methodology. In this dissertation study, the author found that students' performance on the posttests in VSBR was significantly worse than in the other two conditions, which was consistent with the second pilot study, and that their performance in CS and VSWR condition was not different. Contrary to expectation, the strength of the pattern of the effect of the superficial variability of examples did not vary between the easy and difficult types of problems. Moreover, the pattern was the same when the difficulty variable was not included. These results suggested that examples' superficial consistency between different problem types promotes more effective learning than superficial variation between different problem types. The consistency can be one single cover story used multiple times for each type of problem or the same battery of varied cover stories used repeatedly for different types of problem. Moreover, the pattern of the influence of superficial variability of examples is robust among types of the problem at varying difficulty levels.
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Liu, Ming-Yeh, and 劉明燁. "A study of the impact of neighboring roads on land prices by statistical methods - Taking Taoyuan District as an example." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6e27wz.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
統計碩士學位學程
105
Since August 1, 2012, the Taiwan government announced the implementation of the " national system for registering the actual prices of property transactions ", referred to as the Actual Prices Registration System, expect through the transparent trading information flat the rising house prices, help to improve the buyers and the vast number of housing market in the "information unequal" situation. In recent years, countries around the world tend to open the government information, and this study aims to use the open data to study the possible factor on the impact of land prices, the main interesting factor is that how the neighboring traffic way is named by the “road” or “street” to infect the buyers and impact the land prices. The main factors affecting the real estate transactions in addition to reference to the past information in the Actual Prices Registration System, but also by the government assessed land value, but has been criticized deviated from the market value, the results are much lower than the market value, although the government authorities repeatedly reported that the government assessed land value accounted for the proportion of the normal transaction price has reached 90%, but has not been convinced by the community, this paper also aims to include this important factor. This study examines the single land transactions in Taoyuan District in 2016 from the Actual Prices Registration System, with a semi-logarithmic linear model. We found that the average transaction price was significantly increased by 116.22% when the adjacent traffic way was "street" compare to "road". And the government assessed land value has no significant effect on price.
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HSIEH, PEI FEN, and 謝佩芬. "The Study Of Benefits And Statistic Of Hot Yoga Participants- True Yoga As An Example." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/51931457637098595736.
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碩士國立臺灣體育運動大學
休閒運動管理研究所
105
The purpose of this study is to explore the physical and mental benefits and the satisfaction of the participants in the hot yoga exercise. In this study, we used the self-compiled "Questionnaire of Body and Mind Benefit and Hall Satisfaction of Hot Yoga Participants" as research tools. From July 11th to August 6th, 2016, we will be at TRUE YOGA，The convenience sampling method was used to conduct questionnaire survey on the trainees(250 questionnaires were issued during the recovery of 242 valid questionnaires, the effective questionnaire recovery rate of 96.8%). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis of the main results show: 1. Most of the Yoga participants were female university graduates between the age of 26 and 30 years old who were unmarried working in the service industry with a monthly income between NT20,001 and NT40,000. 2. The usual exercise time is the evening, 1-2 times a week to participate in the main situation, Participate in hot yoga more than 1 year and less than 3 years, the monthly cost in the hall between NT 1,001- NT 1,500, mostly to participate in their own. 3. Hot yoga participants’ physical and mental benefits are more than psychological change,psychological change is greater than spiritual inspiration. As years goes by and the more practices,it will be better for your physical and mental benefits. 4. For the satisfaction of YOGA, memberships are satisfied with the yoga hall.
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Chen, Hsiang Wei, and 陳祥瑋. "Applying network traffic statistics tools in forum performance analysis ─ Taken "NAV Chinese Forum" as an example." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mw22cu.
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碩士世新大學
資訊管理學研究所(含碩專班)
103
With the rise of the Internet, the virtual forum website more and more, through the community share a common interest in the knowledge of fans, but the forum is difficult to establish easy to operate, how to find a way of gathering popular forum is an important part . In my research take "NAV Chinese Forum" forum manager's point of view, in the early establishment of the forum's purpose is for own of Microsoft Dynamics NAV at Shin Hsin University of enterprise resource planning laboratory. we hoping to more people understand what NAV system hoping the old user can participate in discussions together, know each other and have more experience to share. But after six months, we found the forum target groups has been no let alone participate in discussions, and even handle forum members are not. Through our research, we are hoping to obtain data which is operated so members in participation could be changed, from the publicity attached to the external forum of friends of the station, the forum members return visit ... and other records, to analyze how to attract more target groups, to maintain the operation of the forum, but also allows the same type of forum creator, help novices save a lot of repeatedly groping in the early establishment.
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Chen, Yen-Liang, and 陳彥良. "Using Computational Experiments to Teach High School Statistics: Examples of "Law of Large Numbers "," Normal Distribution" and "Confidence Interval"." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89597749864523448389.
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碩士國立交通大學
理學院碩士在職專班網路學習學程
95
The research used the nonequivalent-groups pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design to explore the performance differences between the computational experiments and the traditional teacher-centered approach in teaching high school statistics. The three leaning units used in this study were ’law of large numbers’, ‘normal distribution’ and ‘confidence interval’. Participates were 94 students from two 10th-grade classes, each with 47 students, from a high school in Tao-yuan county of Taiwan. The researcher randomly selected one class as the experimental group, and the other one as the control group. Students in the experimental group are grouped according to their wills and received a computational experiments instruction in a computer laboratory. Students in the control group received the traditional teacher-centered instruction. The major finding of this study are as following: 1. Learning effectiveness: Students in the experimental group performed better than those in the control group on the concept of ‘confidence interval’ in both the posttest and the retention test. 2. Students’ performance between the experimental group and control group were different in 2 of the 19 test questions. 3. The common fallacies found in students’ statistical thinking are: Students believe that (1) an experiment will result in the same result (the equiprobability bias). (2) all population distributions are normal. (3) 95% confidence level is a ratio of the population. (4) the quality and methods of sampling will affect the value of 95% confidence interval. (5) good samples have to represent a high percentage of the population. (6) the more random samples, regardless of how small they are, will result in a more similarity of the population. Students in the experimental group generally hold a positive attitude toward this computational experiments approach. However, some learners also expressed their favor of a traditional approach. They worried about taking the entrance exam and considered the traditional approach would to be more effective and time-saving.
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Chao, Wei-Cheng, and 趙偉成. "Development and validation of a statistic model for estimating body dimensions–Taiwanese civilians as an example." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10744229718855910698.
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Su, Chiu-Sheng, and 蘇秋生. "Application of multivariate statistical analysis and time series analysis on the management of groundwater quality : an example of Chianan Plain Groundwater Subregion." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2a38q6.
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碩士崑山科技大學
環境工程研究所
97
Statistical multivariate analysis can reduce data dimension on the basis of variable correlation, classify data clusters according to their similarity, and predict the temporal trend of specific variable variations. For the sustainable use of groundwater, this study employed multivariate analysis as a tool of anatomizing groundwater quality data to realize the characteristics, sources, and temporal trend of groundwater contamination. The established monitoring wells in Chianan Plain groundwater subregion were all subjected to principal component analysis and cluster analysis by the SPSS 12.0 software. As a result, the characteristics of groundwater quality as well as the linkage of contaminant sources and local distribution can be discovered. Groundwater quality data including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, total dissolved solid (TDS), total organic carbon (TOC), ammonia, nitrate, chloride, sulfate, Fe, Mn, As, Na, K, Ca and Mg were extracted for statistical analysis. By using principal component analysis, the obtained four principal components (PCs) account for 82.4% of the variance or information contained in the original data set. The obtained four PCs represent four identified patterns of groundwater contamination as salinization, arsenic dissolution, organic pollution, and mineralization. The 2-step cluster analysis is utilized to classify the similarity among samples, and eighty four monitoring wells were accordingly classified into four clusters. Associating with the locations of monitoring wells, the result showed that the overall groundwater quality in highland region is superior to the coastal area. Seawater intrusion or salinization is the common case in Chianan Plain coastal area, and the potential organic pollution of groundwater is found around the crowd districts in Kaohsiung, Fengshan, Rende, Shinying, Taiban cities. The measured arsenic level of groundwater exceeds drinking water standard in Chigu, Beimen, and Budai coastal regions where geographically matches up with the reported historical Blackfoot disease region. Time series analysis is used as data mining tool, and the Chianan Blackfoot disease region was selected as study area. Blackfoot disease is caused by the high uptake of arsenic in groundwater, and thus the temporal trend of arsenic concentration in groundwater is examined by time series analysis. ARMA and ARIMA, the common time series modeling methods, were employed to interpret the information beneath the monitoring data. Thirty-nine monitoring wells around the Chianan Blackfoot disease region were subjected to time series analysis, and the input data was extracted from historical monitoring data of arsenic concentration in groundwater during the time period of 2000 and 2007. The Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) is generally served as a criterion for assessing the quality of model fitting. It is based on residual log-likelihood function for model comparison. As a usual rule, the smaller AIC and simpler model tends better fitness for a give data set. Through further verification, the selected ARMA(1,1) model fits the data set well over the other three models ARMA(2,1), ARMA(1,2) and ARIMA(1,1,1). The result showed that this developed numerical model can effectively interpret and forecast the arsenic level in groundwater from area affected by salinization and high arsenic level in Chianan Plain based on the known information.
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Huang, Wen-ChI, and 黃文奇. "A Research of Housing Market Prices and Court Auction House Prices Applying Spatial Statistics Method-Example Taichung City." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78601915271822655855.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
財務金融系碩士班
94
The continuous decline in macro-economic conditions has contributed to a slump in real estate market cycle. As a result, there has been a steady increase in mortgage arrears. A large number of mortgage arrears have been released to the court auction housing market. Spatial parameters of data proposed by Pace and Gilley (1997) are used to improve the Simultaneous Autoregression Model (SAR Model for short) of estimated results and enhance accuracy of appraisals for an empirical study in this research. . Information on court auction houses determined by Taichung District Court from the first quarter of 2004 to the forth quarter of 2005 is collected. There are 423 court auction houses located in Taichung City; however, information from Department of Land Administration, Ministry of the Interior showed there were 1096 house transactions at market prices in the same area. The actual transaction prices of concluded real estate announced by Department of Land Administration, M. O. I. and real prices of court auction houses in the same period are served as dependent variables. Independent variables that may affect court auction houses are selected for regression analysis based on SAR to prove that court auction houses indeed have lower bid prices relatively. In the SAR model, main results are found (1)Prices of court auction houses are lower than those of general real estate transactions at market prices via house agents by about 40.55% on average.(2)Middle district. East district.. South district. prices of court auction houses are lower than those of general real estate transactions at market prices via house agents by about 38.74%.(3)West district. .North district. prices of court auction houses are lower than those of general real estate transactions at market prices via house agents by about 30.23%.(4) Bei-Tewn district. prices of court auction houses are lower than those of general real estate transactions at market prices via house agents by about 47.27% .(5)Cei-Tewn district.. Ann-Tewn district. prices of court auction houses are lower than those of general real estate transactions at market prices via house agents by about 36.87%
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Chen, Chih-Sung, and 陳志松. "Studies of Multivariate T2 Statistics Applied to Automatic Inspection of Surface Texture–An Example of Ripple Texture in SBL." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73973754213953949448.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士班
90
Ripple-texture is a common defect because of the steam left on Surface barrier layer (SBL) chip surface. Ripple-texture defects influence not only the appearance of SBL, but also the electronical properties of the products. The reasons why the inspection of ripple-texture defect cannot be done automatically are: (1) ripple-texture defect is semiopaque; (2) ripple-texture is un-structural texture; (3) the edge of ripple-texture defect can be changed gradually. It is not only hard to find the ripple-texture by artificial inspection, but also get the error by human subjectivity and fatigue. This research proposes new computer vision methods of the texture inspection procedures. WCMP (Wavelet Characteristic Multivariate Processing) model, GCMP (Gray Characteristic Multivariate Processing) model, and WCMT (Wavelet Characteristic Multivariate Transform) model are proposed in this study. After multivariate processing, the defects will have high multivariate power. Last, new threshold techniques include of Weight-Iterative, Mode-Double, and Mode-Triple are used to locate the defects for different demands. After experiments of this research, WCMP and WCMT models with Mode-Double or Mode-Triple threshold techniques have good results about 90% of image accuracy. It is sure to solve the ripple-texture problem well. For other regularity texture image, WCMT model has over 95% of image inspection rate. And, this research results can be extended to be used in related image inspections about medical image or oxidization defects on leadframe.
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Chen, Yan-Ting, and 陳彥廷. "A Study on Computer Attitudes of Seniors through Different Variation on Population Statistics - Taking Yilan County as an Example." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ezjdq2.
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碩士中國文化大學
資訊管理學系
101
In early years, only researchers and large enterprises owned computers, while computers now are owned by person due to the computers are more powerful and cheaper to produce. In the meantime, computer software and the internet boost the popularity of using computers. Nowadays, computers are widely used in human’s life, including working, studying, entertainment etc. That's why we will be left behind the society if we don't understand how to use a computer. In Taiwan, people over the age of 51 remain computer illiterates are those who don't understand how to use a computer and the government supports the seniors to learn the usage of computers. Many studies showed that computer attitude positively related to the learning effectiveness on computer usages. As a point, this thesis gives a study on computer attitudes of seniors through different variation on population statistics. The population statistics includes gender, age, education, occupation, impact of employment status, and cities and villages in gap. Data was collected among 254 senior citizens in Yilan County, Taiwan. It was found that there exist significant difference in terms of age, education, occupation, and impact of employment status, but gender or cities and villages in gap had no significant influence on any parameter to affect computer attitudes of seniors.
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Chang, Han-Chung, and 張瀚中. "The Relevance of Population Statistic Variables and Life Style to Information Receiving Channels–With Dining Industry as an Example." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09829692173061977822.
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碩士淡江大學
管理科學研究所碩士班
98
Taiwan is famous for the most delicious foods. Whether youngsters intend to start an enterprise or persons who want to switch to another line of business in middle-age, some of them may choose dining industry as their target. So it is very obvious that the position of dining industry in Taiwan is very important. When someone want to invest in an enterprise or start an enterprise, the well and suitable utilization of advertisement not only makes consumers deeply impressed, but also induces profit for this enterprise. But on the contrary, if the effect of advertisement is not well or unsuitable, it may destroys the public reputation that hard to establishes, so the consequence is very serious, and the invisible cost is very expensive. If enterprise wants to make an advertisement to touch consumers’ heart, it is important to understand consumers’ characteristics about food. But the research between dining industry and consumer characteristics is rare nowadays, so this research choose this issue as topic. Consumers use different channels to receive fine food information, whether the characteristics and traits are different between them is the topic that this research want to discuss. According to following research motive and pass literature, this research adopts population statistic variables (including gender, age, education background, occupation and individual months of income five variables) and life style variables (including fashion tendency, positive active, price keen and self-realization four variables) and information receiving channels (including television channels, computer internet and data in writing three channels) to discuss three issues below: 1. Whether the education background makes effect to information receiving channels or not? 2. Whether the differences of consumer life styles variables make effect to information receiving channels or not? 3. Whether the differences of consumer population statistics variables make effect to information receiving channels or not? This research uses internet to grant questionnaires and proceeding analysis by statistical software SPSS 12.0. This research reaches the following conclusions after data analyzing and comparing by retrieving 385 questionnaires: 1. The educational background of consumer makes effect to information receive ways. 2. Among life style variables, the test values are not reach the standard of conspicuously refuse. But the test value of consumers’ degree of active dynamic is near 0.05, it stands up that consumers’ degree of active dynamic makes effect to information receive ways, but it is not more conspicuous. 3. Among population statistics variables, beside of educational background are not reach the standard of conspicuously refuse. But the test values of consumers’ gender, age and individual months of income are near 0.05. it stands up that consumers’ gender, age and individual month income make effect to information receive ways, but it is not more conspicuous. This research makes some suggestions and references about make an advertisement to people who invest in dining industry by conclusion: The boss of dining industry can according to the differences of consumers’ characteristics that prefer to receive fine food information by different channels, make differences on each channels to reaches effects that attracts consumers.
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LIU, YI-CHENG, and 劉益成. "A Study on the Government Employees Turnover：Taking the Budget, Accounting and Statistics Staffs of the Department of Budget, Accounting and Statistics and the subordinate offices of Taipei City Government as an Example." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a94ja8.
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碩士國立臺北大學
公共行政暨政策學系碩士在職專班
105
The participants in this study were the Budget, Accounting and Statistics Staffs of the Department of Budget, Accounting and Statistics and the subordinate offices of Taipei City Government. The analysis used the SPSS statistical software package and the data analysis was carried out by using descriptive statistics analysis, regression analysis, independent-samples t test, one way ANOVA analysis, chi-square test.The results of this study were as follows: 1.Age, marrige , job function , official rank , grade and title , years of service in government and organizational level showed significant correlation to internal job satisfaction. 2.Age , marrige , job function , years of service in government and organizational level showed significant correlation to external job satisfaction. 3.Internal job satisfaction showed negative correlation to trunover.
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Shaffer, Leslie Brooke. "Examining Regression Analysis Beyond the Mean of the Distribution using Quantile Regression: A Case Study of Modeling the Internal Bond of Medium Density Fiberboard using Multiple Linear Regression and Quantile Regression with an Example of Reliability Methods using R Software." 2007. http://etd.utk.edu/2007/ShafferLeslie.pdf.
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Yang, Jing-hui, and 楊靜惠. "The investigation of high school students’ statistical literacy under the implementation of Nine-Year Integrated Curriculum mathematical course in Northern Taiwan — Take Grade 9 for example." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56wjsf.
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碩士國立臺北教育大學
數學暨資訊教育學系(含數學教育碩士班)
94
The purpose of this research is to investigate high school students’ cognitive levels of statistical literacy under the implementation of Nine-Year Integrated Curriculum mathematical course in Northern Taiwan. The researcher consults Gal’s statistical literacy model, and Watson and Callingham’s related research in statistical literacy. It is to explore the meaning of statistical literacy, and by which, to develop the measuring tool for statistical literacy. In this research, quantity approach is mainly adopted, while quality approach of data analysis is auxiliary. Questionnaire is conducted as well. The test questions are issues mainly related to daily life. There are totally 16 question groups, with totally 26 small questions. The subjects are Grade 9 public high school students in Taipei City and Taipei County. In these two areas, Intended sampling by proportion is applied in accordance with the scale of the school respectively. The subjects involved are 16 classes in 8 schools totally. The valid samples are 464 students. After the test, the quality approach accompanied with SOLO（Structure of the Observed Learning Outcome）criteria for classification is utilized to analyze the performance of the subjects to the test questions. Accordingly, the subjects’ performance is classified, and different scores are given. Eventually, Partial Credit Analysis of Rasch model is adopted to process quantitative analysis in order to quantify the data fitness of the model and verify the reliability and validity of quality analysis. As the research indicates, Grade nine students present four levels in “mathematical knowledge/statistical knowledge”, “inference”, and “critical questions”, which are idiosyncratic, informal, inconsistent, and consistent non-critical respectively. In addition, it is revealed that the questions of “inference” and “critical questions” are more difficult than those of “mathematical knowledge/statistical knowledge”. The difficulty of “inference” and “critical questions” falls on the third level. The conclusion of the research can be taken advantage of by the editors of statistical materials, and the mid school math teachers in statistical education. Moreover, due to the few related research about students’ cognitive levels of statistical literacy in Taiwan, this research is just a commencement. Consequently, according to the research procedure, conclusion and reflection, the researcher proposes suggestions in research tools, related research in the future, and enlightenment in statistical education for follow-up study.
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Lee, Pei-Hsi, and 李佩熹. "The acceleration life test statistics principle analysis and the life forecast - the liquid-crystal display module crosstalk phenomenon as an example." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23065351447453969078.
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碩士樹德科技大學
經營管理研究所
92
Reliability test is an important method to the guarantee of quality. Life Testing can help us verify the reliability of a product. LCD manufactories play an important role in economic development in Taiwan. Taiwanese manufactories use the methods of Life test are based on Japanese technologies, however, most of them don’t know detail about the theories based on. From the motivation mentioned above, we hope our research could help LCD manufactories for the life and reliability estimate of LCD module. In this research, Accelerated Life Tests for LCD modules were conducted with different environment stresses (temperature and humidity). After failure analysis, we found all test samples failed with the same failure mode of Crosstalk. This result could also be confirmed by the failure data analysis. By the principle of statistic, the LCD modules failed with a Weibull distribution of same parameters. Finally, we develop relationship between life and stress through Arrhenius model and Temperature-Humidity model. This could help LCD manufactories for the life and reliability estimate of LCD module.
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Ying-Juh, Yuan, and 袁熒助. "A Study for On-Line Analytical Processing on Auto-Statistic Model of Website- An Example of Technological and Vocational Education Course Website." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54656103553145075865.
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碩士國立臺灣師範大學
工業教育研究所
90
As the technology of Internet develops quickly, the data warehouse becomes a new topic on Internet. Besides, Data Mining and OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) have become significant and are applied to the different domains. Data Mining is a process to find some hidden and unapparent information from database; OLAP is a tool getting multi-dimensional data and analyzing statistical results. Hence, OLAP can help policy maker understand the whole situation and make decisions. OLAP must access database and make aggregate directly. As a result of security, it is only used on LAN (Local Area Network). The study is focus on how to show statistical results on Internet and refresh automatically. Moreover, the study takes the technological and vocational education course website as an example. And we will analyze hundreds of thousands of courses from each school by OLAP. Firstly, we have to build up a multi-dimensional cube of courses. Secondly, we use DTS (Data Transformation Service), VBScript, and making schedule to develop an auto-statistic model on website. And then, we can find out error data in database by the display of statistical results and maintain the data warehouse quickly. Finally, we hope to offer a useful model on other websites of data warehouse.