Relevant bibliographies by topics / Statistical mechanics ; complex systems

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Statistical mechanics ; complex systems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Statistical mechanics ; complex systems"

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Gupta, Shalabh, and Asok Ray. "Statistical Mechanics of Complex Systems for Pattern Identification." Journal of Statistical Physics 134, no. 2 (2009): 337–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10955-009-9679-3.

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Beck, Christian. "Generalized statistical mechanics for superstatistical systems." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, no. 1935 (2011): 453–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0280.

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Mesoscopic systems in a slowly fluctuating environment are often well described by superstatistical models. We develop a generalized statistical mechanics formalism for superstatistical systems, by mapping the superstatistical complex system onto a system of ordinary statistical mechanics with modified energy levels. We also briefly review recent examples of applications of the superstatistics concept for three very different subject areas, namely train delay statistics, turbulent tracer dynamics and cancer survival statistics.
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Tsallis, C. "Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics for Complex Systems --- Foundations and Applications." Acta Physica Polonica B 46, no. 6 (2015): 1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolb.46.1089.

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Advani, Madhu, Subhaneil Lahiri, and Surya Ganguli. "Statistical mechanics of complex neural systems and high dimensional data." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2013, no. 03 (2013): P03014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2013/03/p03014.

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Khantuleva, Tatyana A., and Dmitry S. Shalymov. "Evolution of complex nonequilibrium systems based on nonextensive statistical mechanics." IFAC-PapersOnLine 51, no. 33 (2018): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2018.12.113.

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Guerra, Francesco. "The phenomenon of spontaneous replica symmetry breaking in complex statistical mechanics systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 442 (June 10, 2013): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/442/1/012013.

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Meisinger, Peter N., and Michael C. Ogilvie. "PT symmetry in classical and quantum statistical mechanics." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1989 (2013): 20120058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0058.

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-symmetric Hamiltonians and transfer matrices arise naturally in statistical mechanics. These classical and quantum models often require the use of complex or negative weights and thus fall outside the conventional equilibrium statistical mechanics of Hermitian systems. -symmetric models form a natural class where the partition function is necessarily real, but not necessarily positive. The correlation functions of these models display a much richer set of behaviours than Hermitian systems, displaying sinusoidally modulated exponential decay, as in a dense fluid, or even sinusoidal modulation without decay. Classical spin models with -symmetry include Z( N ) models with a complex magnetic field, the chiral Potts model and the anisotropic next-nearest-neighbour Ising model. Quantum many-body problems with a non-zero chemical potential have a natural -symmetric representation related to the sign problem. Two-dimensional quantum chromodynamics with heavy quarks at non-zero chemical potential can be solved by diagonalizing an appropriate -symmetric Hamiltonian.
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SCIALDONE, ANTONIO, and MARIO NICODEMI. "STATISTICAL MECHANICS MODELS FOR X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION." Advances in Complex Systems 13, no. 03 (2010): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219525910002566.

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We present statistical mechanics models to understand the physical and molecular mechanisms of X-Chromosome Inactivation (XCI), the process whereby a female mammal cell inactivates one of its two X-chromosomes. During XCI, X-chromosomes undergo a series of complex regulatory processes. At the beginning of XCI, the X's recognize and pair, then only one X which is randomly chosen is inactivated. Afterwards, the two X's move to different positions in the cell nucleus according to their different status (active/silenced). Our models illustrate about the still mysterious physical bases underlying all these regulatory steps, i.e., X-chromosome pairing, random choice of inactive X, and "shuttling" of the X's to their post-XCI locations. Our models are based on general and robust thermodynamic roots, and their validity can go beyond XCI, to explain analogous regulatory mechanisms in a variety of cellular processes.
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Gazeau, Jean Pierre, and Constantino Tsallis. "Möbius Transforms, Cycles and q-triplets in Statistical Mechanics." Entropy 21, no. 12 (2019): 1155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21121155.

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In the realm of Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistical mechanics and its q-generalisation for complex systems, we analysed sequences of q-triplets, or q-doublets if one of them was the unity, in terms of cycles of successive Möbius transforms of the line preserving unity ( q = 1 corresponds to the BG theory). Such transforms have the form q ↦ ( a q + 1 - a ) / [ ( 1 + a ) q - a ] , where a is a real number; the particular cases a = - 1 and a = 0 yield, respectively, q ↦ ( 2 - q ) and q ↦ 1 / q , currently known as additive and multiplicative dualities. This approach seemingly enables the organisation of various complex phenomena into different classes, named N-complete or incomplete. The classification that we propose here hopefully constitutes a useful guideline in the search, for non-BG systems whenever well described through q-indices, of new possibly observable physical properties.
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BENIOFF, PAUL. "COMPLEX RATIONAL NUMBERS IN QUANTUM MECHANICS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 11n13 (2006): 1730–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920603425x.

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A binary representation of complex rational numbers and their arithmetic is described that is not based on qubits. It takes account of the fact that 0s in a qubit string do not contribute to the value of a number. They serve only as place holders. The representation is based on the distribution of four types of systems, corresponding to +1, -1, +i, -i, along an integer lattice. Complex rational numbers correspond to arbitrary products of four types of creation operators acting on the vacuum state. An occupation number representation is given for both bosons and fermions.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Statistical mechanics ; complex systems"

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Andrade, João Pedro Jericó de. "Statistical Mechanics of Economic Systems." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-03012017-104524/.

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In this thesis, we explore the potential of employing Statistical Mechanics techniques to study economic systems, showing how such an approach could greatly contribute by allowing the study of very complex systems, exhibiting rich behavior such as phase transitions, criticality and glassy phases, which are not found in the usual economic models. We exemplify this potential via three specific problems: (i) a Statistical Mechanics framework for dealing with irrational consumers, in which the rationality is set by a parameter akin to a temperature which controls deviations from the maximum of his utility function. We show that an irrational consumer increases the economic activity while decreasing his own utility; (ii) an analysis using Information Theory of real world Input-Output matrices, showing that the aggregation methods used to build them most likely underestimated the dependency of the production chain on a few crucial sectors, having important consequences for the analysis of these data; (iii) a zero intelligence model in which agents with a power law distributed initial wealth randomly trade goods of different prices. We show that this initial inequality generates a higher inequality in free cash, reducing the overall liquidity in the economy and slowing down the number of trades. We discuss the insights obtained with these three problems, along with their relevance for the larger picture in Economics.<br>Nesta tese, exploramos o potencial de ser usar técnicas de Mecânica Estatística para o estudo de sistemas econômicos, mostrando como tal abordagem pode contribuir significativamente ao permitir o estudo de sistemas complexos que exibem comportamentos ricos como transições de fase, criticalidade e fases vítreas, não encontradas normalmente em modelos econômicos tradicionais. Exemplificamos este potencial através de três problemas específicos: (i) um framework de Mecânica Estatística para lidar com consumidores irracionais, no qual a racionalidade é controlada pela temperatura do sistema, que define o tamanho dos desvios do estado de máxima utilidade. Mostramos que um consumidor irracional aumenta a atividade econômica ao mesmo tempo que diminui seu próprio bem estar; (ii) uma anáise usando Teoria da Informação de matrizes Input-Output de economias reais, mostrando que os métodos de agregação utilizados para construí-las provavelmente subestima a dependência das cadeias de produção em certos setores cruciais, com consequências importantes para a analíse destes dados; (iii) um modelo em que agentes com uma riqueza inicial distributida como lei de potências trocam aleatoriamente objetos com preços distintos. Mostramos que esta desigualdade inicial gera uma desigualdade ainda maior em dinheiro livre, reduzindo a liquidez total na economia e diminuindo a quantidade de trocas. Discutimos as consequências dos resultados destes três problemas, bem como sua relevância na perspectiva geral em Economia.
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Concannon, Robert James. "Statistical mechanics of non-Markovian exclusion processes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8846.

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The Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process (TASEP) is often considered one of the fundamental models of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, due to its well understood steady state and the fact that it can exhibit condensation, phase separation and phase transitions in one spatial dimension. As a minimal model of traffic flow it has enjoyed many applications, including the transcription of proteins by ribosomal motors moving along an mRNA track, the transport of cargo between cells and more human-scale traffic flow problems such as the dynamics of bus routes. It consists of a one-dimensional lattice of sites filled with a number of particles constrained to move in a particular direction, which move to adjacent sites probabilistically and interact by mutual exclusion. The study of non-Markovian interacting particle systems is in its infancy, due in part to a lack of a framework for addressing them analytically. In this thesis we extend the TASEP to allow the rate of transition between sites to depend on how long the particle in question has been stationary by using non-Poissonian waiting time distributions. We discover that if the waiting time distribution has infinite variance, a dynamic condensation effect occurs whereby every particle on the system comes to rest in a single traffic jam. As the lattice size increases, so do the characteristic condensate lifetimes and the probability that a condensate will interact with the preceding one by forming out of its remnants. This implies that the thermodynamic limit depends on the dynamics of such spatially complete condensates. As the characteristic condensate lifetimes increase, the standard continuous time Monte Carlo simulation method results in an increasingly large fraction of failed moves. This is computationally costly and led to a limit on the sizes of lattice we could simulate. We integrate out the failed moves to create a rejection-free algorithm which allows us to see the interacting condensates more clearly. We find that if condensates do not fully dissolve, the condensate lifetime ages and saturates to a particular value. An unforeseen consequence of this new technique, is that it also allowed us to gain a mathematical understanding of the ageing of condensates, and its dependence on system size. Using this we can see that the fraction of time spent in the spatially complete condensate tends to one in the thermodynamic limit. A random walker in a random force field has to escape potential wells of random depth, which gives rise to a power law waiting time distribution. We use the non-Markovian TASEP to investigate this model with a number of interacting particles. We find that if the potential well is re-sampled after every failed move, then this system is equivalent to the non-Markovian TASEP. If the potential well is only re-sampled after a successful move, then we restore particle-hole symmetry, allow condensates to completely dissolve, and the thermodynamic limit spends a finite fraction of time in the spatially complete state. We then generalised the non-Markovian TASEP to allow for particles to move in both directions. We find that the full condensation effect remains robust except for the case of perfect symmetry.
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Colman, Ewan. "Structure and dynamics of evolving complex networks." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/9208.

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The analysis of large disordered complex networks has recently received enormous attention motivated by both academic and commercial interest. The most important results in this discipline have come from the analysis of stochastic models which mimic the growth and evolution of real networks as they change over time. The purpose of this thesis is to introduce various novel processes which dictate the development of a network on a small scale, and use techniques learned from statistical physics to derive the dynamical and structural properties of the network on the macroscopic scale. We introduce each model as a set of mechanisms determining how a network changes over a small period in time, from these rules we derive several topological properties of the network after many iterations, most notably the degree distribution. 1. In the rst mechanism, nodes are introduced and linked to older nodes in the network in such a way as to create triangles and maintain a high level of clustering. The mechanism resembles the growth of a citation network and we demonstrate analytically that the mechanism introduced su ces to explain the power-law form commonly found in citation distributions. 2. The second mechanism involves edge rewiring processes - detaching one end of an edge and reattaching it, either to a random node anywhere in the network or to one selected locally. 3. We analyse a variety of processes based around a novel fragmentation mechanism. 4. The nal model concerns the problem of nding the electrical resistance across a network. The network grows as a random tree, as it grows the distribution of resistance converges towards a steady state solution. We nd an application of the relatively recent concept of a random Fibonacci sequence in deriving the rate of convergence of the mean.
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Corrias, Maria Elena. "A statistical mechanics approach to cancer dynamics: a model for multiple myeloma bone disease." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18021/.

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L’utilizzo di modelli matematici sta assumendo un ruolo sempre più centrale nella ricerca oncologica. La complessità del cancro ha stimolato gruppi di ricerca interdisciplinare nello sviluppo di modelli quantitativi per rispondere alle numerose domande aperte che riguardano l’insorgenza, la progressione, la diagnosi, la risposta al trattamento terapeutico e l’acquisizione della resistenza ai farmaci dei tumori. La varietà di approcci matematico-fisici ben si adatta allo studio di una materia così eterogenea. In questo lavoro presentiamo innanzitutto gli aspetti biologico-clinici che caratterizzano il cancro, per poi introdurre i modelli che sono stati utilizzati per comprenderli. Abbiamo preso in considerazione il caso del mieloma multiplo, una neoplasia che colpisce le plasmacellule. In particolare proponiamo un modello matematico per lo studio della patogenesi delle lesioni ossee causate dal mieloma. L’insorgere di questo tumore rompe l’equilibrio fisiologico del tessuto osseo, causando un aumento dell’attività degli osteoclasti ed una diminuzione dell’attività degli osteoblasti, fenomeni che, combinati, comportano le caratteristiche fratture. Abbiamo optato per un approccio di tipo ecologico, in cui i diversi tipi di cellule sono considerati come specie interagenti in meccanismi di cooperazione o sfruttamento. Questo fenomeno è stato modellizzato all’interno della classe degli Interacting Particle Systems, che sono sistemi di processi di Markov localmente interagenti. Abbiamo inizialmente studiato il caso dell’osso sano per poi passare a quello in cui sono presenti le cellule del mieloma. Infine, abbiamo svolto simulazioni per delineare l’evoluzione nel tempo delle specie cellulari. Abbiamo riservato una particolare attenzione alla definizione dei parametri del modello: non solo essi ci permettono di riprodurre diversi stadi e forme del mieloma, ma possono descrivere l’intervento terapeutico sul tumore, costituendo un nuovo strumento per la ricerca oncologica.
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Siddique, Shahnewaz. "Failure mechanisms of complex systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51831.

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Understanding the behavior of complex, large-scale, interconnected systems in a rigorous and structured manner is one of the most pressing scientific and technological challenges of current times. These systems include, among many others, transportation and communications systems, smart grids and power grids, financial markets etc. Failures of these systems have potentially enormous social, environmental and financial costs. In this work, we investigate the failure mechanisms of load-sharing complex systems. The systems are composed of multiple nodes or components whose failures are determined based on the interaction of their respective strengths and loads (or capacity and demand respectively) as well as the ability of a component to share its load with its neighbors when needed. Each component possesses a specific strength (capacity) and can be in one of three states: failed, damaged or functioning normally. The states are determined based on the load (demand) on the component. We focus on two distinct mechanisms to model the interaction between components strengths and loads. The first, a Loss of Strength (LOS) model and the second, a Customer Service (CS) model. We implement both models on lattice and scale-free graph network topologies. The failure mechanisms of these two models demonstrate temporal scaling phenomena, phase transitions and multiple distinct failure modes excited by extremal dynamics. We find that the resiliency of these models is sensitive to the underlying network topology. For critical ranges of parameters the models demonstrate power law and exponential failure patterns. We find that the failure mechanisms of these models have parallels to failure mechanisms of critical infrastructure systems such as congestion in transportation networks, cascading failure in electrical power grids, creep-rupture in composite structures, and draw-downs in financial markets. Based on the different variants of failure, strategies for mitigating and postponing failure in these critical infrastructure systems can be formulated.
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Mantovani, Rocco. "Modelling complex systems in the severely undersampled regime: a Bayesian model selection approach." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/18019/.

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L'inferenza di modelli di spin è uno strumento diffuso nell'approccio statistico ai sistemi complessi. Tipicamente ci si limita a modelli con interazioni a uno e due corpi: per il principio di massima entropia, ciò equivale ad assumere che magnetizzazioni e correlazioni a coppie costituiscano le variabili rilevanti (statistiche sufficienti) del sistema. L'assunzione non è giustificabile nel caso generale sulla base di argomenti puramente statistici; il problema della selezione tra modelli con interazioni di ordine arbitrario è però alto-dimensionale. Esso può essere affrontato tramite una particolare euristica Bayesiana che permette di ottenere le variabili rilevanti direttamente dal campione; la selezione avviene nella classe delle misture, e i risultati vengono proiettati sulla rappresentazione di spin. Il risultato è l'ottenimento delle statistiche sufficienti senza alcuna assunzione a priori. Il numero di tali statistiche è modulato da quello di differenti frequenze empiriche nel campione; in regime di sottocampionamento, esso è molto minore della dimensione del modello completo. Ciò rende il problema di inferenza dei parametri tipicamente basso-dimensionale. Il principale scopo di questo lavoro è quello di investigare esplicitamente come l'informazione sia organizzata nella mappa tra misture e modelli di spin. La comprensione dettagliata di tale mappa suggerisce nuovi approcci per la regolarizzazione; inoltre i risultati gettano luce sulla natura delle statistiche sufficienti, che risultano essere funzioni degli stati solo tramite le frequenze empiriche di questi. Mostriamo come da un approccio integralmente Bayesiano emerga sotto opportune condizioni un termine regolarizzatore "L2"; verifichiamo numericamente se tali condizioni sono tipicamente soddisfatte. Presentiamo infine alcune osservazioni qualitative circa l'emersione di loop stuctures nella mappa da misture a spin; queste aprono scenari interessanti per la ricerca futura.
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Pires, Rilder de Sousa. "Difusão singular em um sistema confinado." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/13738.

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PIRES, Rilder de Sousa. Difusão singular em um sistema confinado. 2013. 64 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Física) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Departamento de Física, Centro de Ciências, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2013.<br>Submitted by Edvander Pires (edvanderpires@gmail.com) on 2015-10-23T19:14:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_rspires.pdf: 2524951 bytes, checksum: 2a38032e0c2de28e051d588ecd2b47f3 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Edvander Pires(edvanderpires@gmail.com) on 2015-10-23T19:38:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_rspires.pdf: 2524951 bytes, checksum: 2a38032e0c2de28e051d588ecd2b47f3 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-23T19:38:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_rspires.pdf: 2524951 bytes, checksum: 2a38032e0c2de28e051d588ecd2b47f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013<br>Patterns of scale invariance, associated with power laws, are often found in nature, for instance, in the fluctuations of prices of items in stock markets and in the energy spectrum of turbulent systems. These two systems and many others that exhibit scale invariance present some common properties: they are comprised of several elements that interact in a non-linear way, are not in equilibrium, and exhibit self-organization. Scale invariance is also found in the correlations observed in the critical state of systems that present phase transitions. The concept of self-organized criticality suggests that the properties of invariance spontaneously arise in complex systems. Several models exhibit properties of self-organized critically, including invasion percolation, sand-piles and the trough model, however it is not clear what are the necessary ingredients for criticality to arise. It is known that this property appears in some non-linear diffusive systems. In this work, we introduce a confining potential in a one-dimensional diffusion model with a singular non-linearity on diffusion coefficient, and analyze how this affects in the steady state of the system. We then derive a diffusion equation and obtain a solution for stationary density profile. Our analytical solution is in good agreement with the numerical results. We also present a statistical study of the distribution of avalanches sizes in this model, and obtain profiles following power laws, what is not usually observed in other one-dimensional systems. We also investigated how these profiles vary when the confinement increases, and using finite size scaling we found a universal curve for the distribution of avalanche sizes. Our results show that the action of confinement in a one-dimensional system can yield scale invariance.<br>Padrões de invariância de escala, associados à leis de potência, são frequentemente observados na natureza. Alguns exemplos são: flutuações em preços de itens de bolsa de valores e outros investimentos, além do espectro de energia em sistemas turbulentos. Esses dois sistemas e vários outros que exibem invariância de escala têm propriedades em comum: compõem-se de vários elementos que interagem de forma não linear, estão fora do equilíbrio e exibem auto-organização. Invariância de escala também é encontrada nas correlações observadas no ponto crítico de sistemas que apresentam transições de fase. O conceito de criticalidade auto-organizada sugere que as propriedades de invariância emergem espontaneamente em sistema complexos. Vários modelos exibem propriedades criticamente auto-organizadas, entre eles percolação invasiva, pilhas de areia e o modelo de desníveis, no entanto, não se sabe ao certo quais os ingredientes necessários para criticalidade emergir. Sabe-se que essa propriedade se manifesta em alguns sistemas difusivos não lineares. Nesse trabalho, introduzimos um potencial confinante em um modelo de difusão unidimensional com uma não linearidade singular no coeficiente de difusão e analisamos a influência dessa mudança no estado estacionário do sistema. Conseguimos, então, derivar uma equação de difusão do modelo e obtemos uma solução para o perfil de densidade. Nossa solução analítica concorda perfeitamente com os resultados numéricos. Fizemos, ainda, um estudo estatístico do perfil de avalanches do modelo, e obtemos perfis de avalanche em leis de potência, o que normalmente não é observado em outros sistemas unidimensionais. Analisamos, ainda, como esses perfis variam na medida que se aumenta o confinamento, e usando transformações de escala encontramos uma curva universal para os perfis de distribuição de tamanhos de avalanche. Nossos resultados demonstram que a ação do confinamento em um sistema unidimensional pode levar ao surgimento da invariância de escala.
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Del, Ferraro Gino. "Equilibrium and Dynamics on Complex Networkds." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Beräkningsvetenskap och beräkningsteknik (CST), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191991.

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Complex networks are an important class of models used to describe the behaviour of a very broad category of systems which appear in different fields of science ranging from physics, biology and statistics to computer science and other disciplines. This set of models includes spin systems on a graph, neural networks, decision networks, spreading disease, financial trade, social networks and all systems which can be represented as interacting agents on some sort of graph architecture. In this thesis, by using the theoretical framework of statistical mechanics, the equilibrium and the dynamical behaviour of such systems is studied. For the equilibrium case, after presenting the region graph free energy approximation, the Survey Propagation method, previously used to investi- gate the low temperature phase of complex systems on tree-like topologies, is extended to the case of loopy graph architectures. For time-dependent behaviour, both discrete-time and continuous-time dynamics are considered. It is shown how to extend the cavity method ap- proach from a tool used to study equilibrium properties of complex systems to the discrete-time dynamical scenario. A closure scheme of the dynamic message-passing equation based on a Markovian approximations is presented. This allows to estimate non-equilibrium marginals of spin models on a graph with reversible dynamics. As an alternative to this approach, an extension of region graph variational free energy approximations to the non-equilibrium case is also presented. Non-equilibrium functionals that, when minimized with constraints, lead to approximate equations for out-of-equilibrium marginals of general spin models are introduced and discussed. For the continuous-time dynamics a novel approach that extends the cav- ity method also to this case is discussed. The main result of this part is a Cavity Master Equation which, together with an approximate version of the Master Equation, constitutes a closure scheme to estimate non-equilibrium marginals of continuous-time spin models. The investigation of dynamics of spin systems is concluded by applying a quasi-equilibrium approach to a sim- ple case. A way to test self-consistently the assumptions of the method as well as its limits is discussed. In the final part of the thesis, analogies and differences between the graph- ical model approaches discussed in the manuscript and causal analysis in statistics are presented.<br><p>QC 20160904</p>
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Ferraz, Marcus Cima. "Um modelo para a dinâmica de abertura e fechamento dos estômatos de uma folha." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-20052014-161150/.

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Onde há luz suficiente ,os estômatos, pequenos poros localizados na superfície das folhas, com abertura regulável, tendem a abrir . Isto permite a absorção de C02 (e, portanto, a fotossíntese) , e a evaporação de água, que não pode, porém, ser excessiva. As plantas conseguem ajustar a sua abertura dos estômatos, otimizando a absorção de C02 e adequando-se, ao mesmo tempo, à disponibilidade de água no ambiente. Recentemente, inúmeras experiências mostraram que, ao contrário do que se supunha, a abertura de um estômato parece depender da interação deste com seus estômatos vizinhos. Sob estresse hídrico, o movimento de abrir e fechar, dos estômatos de uma região da folha, freqüentemente se sincroniza, formando padrões espaço-temporais persistentes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo da dinâmica desses padrões. Reproduzimos, num primeiro momento deste estudo, um modelo proposto por Haefner e colaboradores, para entender melhor o problema. Este modelo , no entanto, demonstrou ser ineficiente sob vários aspectos, ao contrário do que observam os autores. Novos modelos foram então propostos, com resultaados mais próximos aos observados nos experimentosque apresentam melhor concordância com os experimentos. Em particular, destacamos o Modelo de Veias Aleatórias com Histerese, que utiliza a hipótese da existência de um retardo e uma histerese no mecanismo de abertura e fechamento dos estômatos, com resultados que reproduzem a diversidade de comportamento da dinâmica estomática observada experimentalmente.<br>When there is enough light, stomata - variable aperture pores distributed on plant´s leaves - tend to open. This mechanism allows the absorption of C02 (and so the reaction of photosynthesis) as well as the evaporation of water. The plant can adjust its stomatal aperture over time, in order to maximize C02 uptake with an water loss compatible with environmental conditions. Recently, many experiments have shown that the aperture of a single stomata depends on its interaction with the neighbors in an emergent complex behavior. Under water stress the opening and closing of stomata aperture often becomes synchronized in spatially extended patches, with a rich dynamical behavior. In this work we have studied this phenomena. We first reproduce a model proposed by Haefner and collaborators, in an attempt to better understand this phenomena. The model, however, has been unable to generate patches or an oscillatory behavior in the steady state, as claimed by th authors. We proposed then new models, that show better agreement with experiments. In a particular, the model called by us Randon Vein Model with Hysteresis was able to reproduce most of the behaviors observed in real leaves, including the formation of patches and an non-regular oscillations in the steady state.
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Turchi, Alessio. "Dynamics and statistics of systems with long range interactions : application to 1-dimensional toy-models." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4810/document.

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L'objectif de ce thèse est l'étude des systèmes dynamiques avec interaction à longue portée. La complexité de leur dynamique met en évidence des propriétés contre-intuitives et inattendues, comme l'existence d'états stationnaires hors-équilibre (QSS). Dans le QSS on peut observer des propriétés particulières: chaleur spécifique négative, inéquivalence des ensembles statistiques et phénomènes d'auto-organisation. Les théories des interactions LR ont été appliquées pour décrire la dynamique des systèmes auto-gravitants, de tourbillons bidimensionnels, de systèmes avec interactions onde-particule et des plasmas chargés. Mon travail s'est tout d'abord consacré à l'extension de la solution de Lynden-Bell pour le modèle HMF, en généralisant l'analyse à des conditions initiales de «water-bag" à plusieurs niveaux, qui approchent des conditions initiales continues. En suite je me suis intéressé à la caractérisation formelle de la thermodynamique des QSS dans l'ensemble statistique canonique. En appliquant la théorie standard, il est possible de mesurer une chaleur spécifique "cinétique'' négative. Cette propriété inattendue amène à la violation du second principe de la thermodynamique. Un tel résultat nous pousse à reconsidérer l'applicabilité de la théorie thermodynamique actuelle aux systèmes LR. En suite j'ai étudié, pour le modèle α-HMF, la persistance des caractéristiques typiques du régime LR, dans le limite dynamique à courte portée. Les résultats suggèrent une généralisation de la définition des systèmes LR. Le dernier chapitre est consacré à la caractérisation d'un nouveau modèle LR, extension naturelle du précédent α-HMF et d'intérêt potentiel applicatif<br>The scope of this thesis is the study of systems with long-range interactions (LR). The complexity of their dynamics evidences counter-intuitive and unexpected properties, as for instance the existence of out-of-equilibrium stationary states (QSS). Considering a system in the QSS, one may observe peculiar properties, as negative specific heat, statistical ensemble inequivalence and phenomena of self-organizations. The main theories of long-range interactions have been applied to describing self-gravitating systems, two-dimensional vortices, systems with wave-particle interactions and charged plasmas. My work has been initially dedicated to extending the Lynden-Bell solution for the HMF model, generalizing the analysis to multi-level water-bag initial condition that could approximate continuous distributions. Then I concentrated to the formal characterization of the thermodynamics of QSS in the canonical statistical ensemble. By applying the standard theory, it is possible to measure negative “kinetic” specific heat. This latter unexpected property leads to a violation of the second principle of thermodynamics. Such result forces us to reconsider the applicability of the accepted thermodynamic theory to LR systems. Afterwards I studied, in the context of the α-HMF model, the persistence of the typical characteristics of the LR regime in the limit of short-range dynamics. The results obtained suggests a generalization of the definition of LR systems. The last chapter is dedicated to the characterization of a novel LR model, a natural extension of α-HMF and of potential applicability
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Books on the topic "Statistical mechanics ; complex systems"

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1975-, Reguera D., Bonilla L. L. 1956-, and Rubí J. M, eds. Coherent structures in complex systems: Selected papers of the XVII Sitges Conference on Statistical Mechanics, held at Sitges, Barcelona, Spain, 5-9 June 2000 : preliminary version. Springer, 2001.

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Pastor-Satorras, Romualdo, Miguel Rubi, and Albert Diaz-Guilera, eds. Statistical Mechanics of Complex Networks. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b12331.

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Bertin, Eric. Statistical Physics of Complex Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42340-1.

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Bertin, Eric. Statistical Physics of Complex Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79949-6.

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Lavis, D. A. Statistical mechanics of lattice systems. Springer, 1999.

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1925-, Bell G. M., and Bell G. M. 1925-, eds. Statistical mechanics of lattice systems. 2nd ed. Springer, 1999.

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Lavis, D. A. Statistical mechanics of lattice systems. 2nd ed. Springer, 2010.

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Lavis, David A., and George M. Bell. Statistical Mechanics of Lattice Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-10020-2.

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Lavis, David A., and George M. Bell. Statistical Mechanics of Lattice Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03843-7.

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Sinaĭ, Ya, ed. Dynamical Systems and Statistical Mechanics. American Mathematical Society, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/advsov/003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Statistical mechanics ; complex systems"

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Klein, W., Harvey Gould, K. F. Tiampo, et al. "Statistical Mechanics Perspective on Earthquakes." In Understanding Complex Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45612-6_1.

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Gallavotti, Giovanni, and Pedro Garrido. "Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics of Turbulence." In Understanding Complex Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29701-9_4.

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Driebe, Dean J. "Statistical Mechanics of Chaotic Maps." In Nonlinear Phenomena and Complex Systems. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1628-4_2.

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Boutillier, Cédric, and Béatrice de Tilière. "Statistical Mechanics on Isoradial Graphs." In Probability in Complex Physical Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23811-6_20.

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Yakovenko, Victor M. "Econophysics, Statistical Mechanics Approach to." In Complex Systems in Finance and Econometrics. Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7701-4_14.

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Evesque, Pierre. "Dissipation and Statistical Mechanics of granular gas." In Unifying Themes in Complex Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17635-7_12.

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Leggett, A. J. "Quantum Mechanics of Complex Systems, I." In Applications of Statistical and Field Theory Methods to Condensed Matter. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5763-6_1.

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Leggett, A. J. "Quantum Mechanics of Complex Systems, II." In Applications of Statistical and Field Theory Methods to Condensed Matter. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5763-6_2.

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Prosen, Tomaz. "Introduction: From Efficient Quantum Computation to Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics." In Decoherence and Entropy in Complex Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-40968-7_22.

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Tsallis, Constantino. "Statistical mechanics for complex systems: On the structure of q-triplets." In Physical and Mathematical Aspects of Symmetries. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69164-0_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Statistical mechanics ; complex systems"

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Williams, Stephen R., Denis J. Evans, Michio Tokuyama, Irwin Oppenheim, and Hideya Nishiyama. "Statistical Mechanics of Time Independent Non-Dissipative Nonequilibrium States." In COMPLEX SYSTEMS: 5th International Workshop on Complex Systems. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2897894.

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Nicodemi, Mario. "Statistical mechanics models for jamming in granular media." In Disordered and complex systems. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1358164.

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Hasegawa, Hiroshi. "Statistical mechanics of random matrices: Application to disordered metals." In Disordered and complex systems. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1358184.

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Saika, Y. "Statistical Mechanics of Phase Unwrapping Problem by the Q-Ising Model." In SLOW DYNAMICS IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS: 3rd International Symposium on Slow Dynamics in Complex Systems. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1764186.

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Drǎgulescu, Adrian A. "Statistical Mechanics of Money, Income, and Wealth: A Short Survey." In MODELING OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS: Seventh Granada Lectures. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1571309.

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Saika, Yohei, Michio Tokuyama, Irwin Oppenheim, and Hideya Nishiyama. "Markov-Chain Monte Carlo Simulation of Inverse-Halftoning for Error Diffusion based on Statistical Mechanics of the Q-Ising Model." In COMPLEX SYSTEMS: 5th International Workshop on Complex Systems. AIP, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2897877.

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Goldbart, Paul M. "Vulcanization and the random solid state it yields: A statistical mechanical perspective." In Disordered and complex systems. AIP, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1358161.

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Yang, Chun-Lin, and C. Steve Suh. "On the Dynamics of Complex Network." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71994.

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Controlling complex network systems is challenging because network systems are highly coupled by ensembles and behaving with uncertainty. A network is composed by nodes and edges. Edges serve as the connection between nodes to exchange state information and further achieve state consensus. Through edges, the dynamics of individual nodes at the local level intimately affects the network dynamics at the global level. As a following bird can occasionally lose visual contact with the target bird in a flock at any moment, the edge between two nodes in a real world network systems is not necessarily always intact. Contrary to common sense, these real-world networks are usually perfectly stable even when the edges between the nodes are unstable. This suggests that not only nodes are dynamical, edges are dynamical, too. Since the edges between the nodes are changing dynamically, network configuration is also dynamical. Further, edges need be defined and quantified so that the unstable connection behavior can be properly described. The paper explores the concepts of statistical mechanics and statistical entropy to address the particular need. Statistical mechanics describes the behavior of a mechanical system that has uncertain states. Statistical entropy on the other hand defines the distribution of the microstates by probability. Entropy provides a measure of the level of network integrity. With entropy, one can assign desired dynamics to the network to ensure desired network property. This work aims to construct a complex network structure model based on the edge dynamics. Coupled with node self-dynamic and consensus law, a general dynamical network model can be constructed.
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Gupta, Shalabh, Abhishek Srivastav, and Asok Ray. "Pattern Identification in Complex Systems: A Statistical Thermodynamic Approach." In ASME 2006 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2006-21090.

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This paper presents a novel method of pattern identification in complex systems using the tools derived from statistical thermodynamics. Complexity issues arise in natural or human-engineered systems due to behavioral uncertainties and nonlinearities involved in the process dynamics. The paper introduces a novel concept of behavioral pattern identification and anomaly detection in mechanical systems from macroscopically observed time series of the available sensor data. The theme is built upon the principles of Statistical Thermodynamics and Information Theory. The efficacy of this method is experimentally validated on a laboratory apparatus where the behavioral changes accrue from the evolving fatigue damage in polycrystalline alloy structures.
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Majima, Hiroki, and Akira Suzuki. "Statistical mechanical expression of entropy production for an open quantum system." In 4TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SLOW DYNAMICS IN COMPLEX SYSTEMS: Keep Going Tohoku. American Institute of Physics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4794664.

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Reports on the topic "Statistical mechanics ; complex systems"

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Lebowitz, Joel L. Statistical Mechanics of Complex Molecular Systems. Defense Technical Information Center, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada179990.

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Perdigão, Rui A. P., and Julia Hall. Spatiotemporal Causality and Predictability Beyond Recurrence Collapse in Complex Coevolutionary Systems. Meteoceanics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/201111.

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Causality and Predictability of Complex Systems pose fundamental challenges even under well-defined structural stochastic-dynamic conditions where the laws of motion and system symmetries are known. However, the edifice of complexity can be profoundly transformed by structural-functional coevolution and non-recurrent elusive mechanisms changing the very same invariants of motion that had been taken for granted. This leads to recurrence collapse and memory loss, precluding the ability of traditional stochastic-dynamic and information-theoretic metrics to provide reliable information about the non-recurrent emergence of fundamental new properties absent from the a priori kinematic geometric and statistical features. Unveiling causal mechanisms and eliciting system dynamic predictability under such challenging conditions is not only a fundamental problem in mathematical and statistical physics, but also one of critical importance to dynamic modelling, risk assessment and decision support e.g. regarding non-recurrent critical transitions and extreme events. In order to address these challenges, generalized metrics in non-ergodic information physics are hereby introduced for unveiling elusive dynamics, causality and predictability of complex dynamical systems undergoing far-from-equilibrium structural-functional coevolution. With these methodological developments at hand, hidden dynamic information is hereby brought out and explicitly quantified even beyond post-critical regime collapse, long after statistical information is lost. The added causal insights and operational predictive value are further highlighted by evaluating the new information metrics among statistically independent variables, where traditional techniques therefore find no information links. Notwithstanding the factorability of the distributions associated to the aforementioned independent variables, synergistic and redundant information are found to emerge from microphysical, event-scale codependencies in far-from-equilibrium nonlinear statistical mechanics. The findings are illustrated to shed light onto fundamental causal mechanisms and unveil elusive dynamic predictability of non-recurrent critical transitions and extreme events across multiscale hydro-climatic problems.
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Kovac, J. Statistical mechanics of polymer systems. Final. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10178298.

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Kovac, J. Statistical mechanics of polymer systems. Progress report, 1990--1991. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10178296.

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Kovac, J. Statistical mechanics of polymer systems. [Annual] progress report, [1989--1990]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10178293.

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Freitag, Mark A. From First Principles: The Application of Quantum Mechanics to Complex Molecules and Solvated Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803098.

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Koutsourelakis, P. Design of Complex Systems in the presence of Large Uncertainties: a statistical approach. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/921760.

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Resnick, S. I., and G. Samorodnitsky. Probabilistic and Statistical Modeling of Complex Systems Exhibiting Long Range Dependence and Heavy Tails. Defense Technical Information Center, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada533576.

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Scheinberg, Katya. Derivative Free Optimization of Complex Systems with the Use of Statistical Machine Learning Models. Defense Technical Information Center, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada622645.

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Marzouk, Youssef. Final Report, DOE Early Career Award: Predictive modeling of complex physical systems: new tools for statistical inference, uncertainty quantification, and experimental design. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1312896.

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