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Mohammad Hussein, Seraj, and Kiani Bahman. "Efficiency of sector sampling for estimating juniper forest attributes vs. fixed area plot." Journal of Forest Science 63, No. 10 (October 20, 2017): 463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/22/2017-jfs.
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Juniper forests grow in mountain areas and many difficulties are encountered in their sampling. Sector sampling as an unbiased and cost-effective method was tested for the sampling of a 12.5-ha juniper forest. To begin with, a point-map of trees was created and 50 quadrats were determined systematically. Fixed area plots were measured within these 50 × 50 m quadrats. In each quadrat, eight sectors with 45° angle were determined. One-sector and two-sector scenarios randomly besides four-sector scenario systematically were conducted. Accuracy and precision of sampling methods were compared. Also, statistical analysis was conducted to compare sector sampling scenarios with fixed area plot (FAP) and real data. Results showed that four-sector scenario estimates were close to FAP method in precision and accuracy. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between sector sampling scenarios and FAP and in real data. But in correlation analysis only the four-sector scenario could compete with FAP method. Regarding consumed time and sampling error simultaneously, the efficiency of sector sampling was higher than that of FAP method for estimating density and close to FAP method for estimating crown cover. It can be concluded that in laborious situations such as in juniper forests, sector sampling can be competitive with FAP method with noticeable parsimony. But more study is still needed to decrease sampling error and optimize sector angle with the purpose of cost saving.
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JARVIS, GEORGE A., and STEPHEN A. MALCOLM. "Comparison of Three-Class Attributes Sampling Plans and Variables Sampling Plans for Lot Acceptance Sampling in Food Microbiology." Journal of Food Protection 49, no. 9 (September 1, 1986): 724–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-49.9.724.
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Lot acceptance sampling is an established method of assessing the microbiological quality and safety of batches or consignments of food, but the choice between three-class attributes plans and variables plans is not always clear. Application of variables plans requires that the microorganism of concern be distributed normally, or log-normally. When such is not true, variables plans may place either the consumer or the producer at increased risk. Validation of normality is therefore essential when using variables plans. However, with small numbers of sample units as are typically analyzed in microbiological testing of food, statistical tests are unlikely to detect non-normality. Three-class attributes plans do not require strong distributional assumptions for correct application, and as well they have several practical and operational advantages over variables plans. Moreover, three-class attributes plans assess lot quality in a fashion fundamentally different from variables plans, and this difference precludes the usual statistical comparisons based on relative discriminatory ability. We conclude that when selecting acceptance sampling plans for microbiological testing of food, whether the plans be for regulatory, port-of-entry or in-plant purposes, three-class plans are generally preferable to variables plans.
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Springer, Janet A., and Foster D. Mcclure. "Statistical Sampling Approaches." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 2 (March 1, 1988): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.2.246.
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Abstract This article describes basic sampling principles and the application of statistical sampling techniques to specific problems encountered in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Concepts are emphasized, and theory is minimized. The basic principles of sampling from a normal and binomial population, including confidence interval calculation and sample size determination, are briefly reviewed. Stratified, random, systematic, and judgment sampling are explained. Operating characteristic curves for attribute (and perhaps variable) sampling for acceptance of lots are derived and applied to specific FDA problems. The advantages and disadvantages of single and multiple sampling plans and plans which address multiple classes of criteria such as major and minor defects are discussed. Sampling schedules such as MIL-STD-105D and Canada's Government Specifications Board CGSB-105-GP-1 are reviewed to familiarize readers with the principles involved in these plans and to give them an idea of how they could be applied to FDA problems.
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De Araújo Rodrigues, Aurélia Aparecida, Eugenio Kahn Epprecht, and Maysa Sacramento De Magalhães. "Double-sampling control charts for attributes." Journal of Applied Statistics 38, no. 1 (January 2011): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664760903266007.
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Rodrigues, Marcos S., José E. Corá, and Carolina Fernandes. "Soil sampling intensity and spatial distribution pattern of soils attributes and corn yield in no-tillage system." Engenharia Agrícola 32, no. 5 (October 2012): 852–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69162012000500005.
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Taking into account that the sampling intensity of soil attributes is a determining factor for applying of concepts of precision agriculture, this study aims to determine the spatial distribution pattern of soil attributes and corn yield at four soil sampling intensities and verify how sampling intensity affects cause-effect relationship between soil attributes and corn yield. A 100-referenced point sample grid was imposed on the experimental site. Thus, each sampling cell encompassed an area of 45 m² and was composed of five 10-m long crop rows, where referenced points were considered the center of the cell. Samples were taken from at 0 to 0.1 m and 0.1 to 0.2 m depths. Soil chemical attributes and clay content were evaluated. Sampling intensities were established by initial 100-point sampling, resulting data sets of 100; 75; 50 and 25 points. The data were submitted to descriptive statistical and geostatistics analyses. The best sampling intensity to know the spatial distribution pattern was dependent on the soil attribute being studied. The attributes P and K+ content showed higher spatial variability; while the clay content, Ca2+, Mg2+ and base saturation values (V) showed lesser spatial variability. The spatial distribution pattern of clay content and V at the 100-point sampling were the ones which best explained the spatial distribution pattern of corn yield.
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Garfield, Frederick M. "Sampling in the Analytical Scheme." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 72, no. 3 (May 1, 1989): 405–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/72.3.405.
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Abstract The general principles of sampling in the analytical scheme, sampling definitions, and sampling planning are considered. Statistical considerations are stressed with attention to sampling by attributes and variables and the use of sampling control charts. Sampling techniques, records and chain-of-custody procedures, sample handling, laboratory sampling, and sample preparation for analysis, as well as reasons and causes of sampling errors, are discussed.
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Soundararajan, V., and V. Kuralmani. "Multiple Sampling Inspection Plans for Attributes." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 18, no. 4 (January 1989): 1251–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610918908812820.
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Corona, Piermaria, Lorenzo Fattorini, and Sara Franceschi. "Two-stage sector sampling for estimating small woodlot attributes." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, no. 9 (September 2011): 1819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-101.
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A two-stage sampling strategy is proposed to assess small woodlots outside the forests scattered on extensive territories. The first stage is performed to select a sample of small woodlots using fixed-size sampling schemes, and the second stage is performed to sample trees within woodlots selected at first stage. Usually, fixed- or variable-area plots are adopted to sample trees. However, the use of plot sampling in small patches such as woodlots is likely to induce a relevant amount of bias owing to edge effects. In this framework, sector sampling proves to be particularly effective. The present paper investigates the statistical properties of two-stage sampling strategies for estimating forest attributes of woodlot populations when sector sampling is adopted at the second stage. A two-stage estimator of population totals is derived together with a conservative estimator of its sampling variance. By means of a simulation study, the performance of the proposed estimator is checked and compared with that achieved using traditional plot sampling with edge corrections. Simulation results prove the adequacy of sector sampling and provide some guidelines for the effective planning of the strategy. In some countries, the proposed strategy can be performed with few modifications within the framework of large-scale forest inventories.
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Krz¨tschmer, Volker. "A generalized framework of sampling inspections by attributes." Statistics 39, no. 5 (October 2005): 445–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02331880500286928.
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Soundararajan, V., and R. Vijayaraghavan. "Double sampling attributes plans indexed by aql and aoql." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 18, no. 8 (1989): 3033–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610928908830075.
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Fattorini, Lorenzo, Sara Franceschi, and Piermaria Corona. "Design‐based mapping of tree attributes by 3P sampling." Biometrical Journal 62, no. 7 (June 28, 2020): 1810–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bimj.201900377.
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Kennard, Mark J., Bradley J. Pusey, Bronwyn D. Harch, Elli Dore, and Angela H. Arthington. "Estimating local stream fish assemblage attributes: sampling effort and efficiency at two spatial scales." Marine and Freshwater Research 57, no. 6 (2006): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf06062.
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As part of a wider study to develop an ecosystem-health monitoring program for wadeable streams of south-eastern Queensland, Australia, comparisons were made regarding the accuracy, precision and relative efficiency of single-pass backpack electrofishing and multiple-pass electrofishing plus supplementary seine netting to quantify fish assemblage attributes at two spatial scales (within discrete mesohabitat units and within stream reaches consisting of multiple mesohabitat units). The results demonstrate that multiple-pass electrofishing plus seine netting provide more accurate and precise estimates of fish species richness, assemblage composition and species relative abundances in comparison to single-pass electrofishing alone, and that intensive sampling of three mesohabitat units (equivalent to a riffle–run–pool sequence) is a more efficient sampling strategy to estimate reach-scale assemblage attributes than less intensive sampling over larger spatial scales. This intensive sampling protocol was sufficiently sensitive that relatively small differences in assemblage attributes (<20%) could be detected with a high statistical power (1-β > 0.95) and that relatively few stream reaches (<4) need be sampled to accurately estimate assemblage attributes close to the true population means. The merits and potential drawbacks of the intensive sampling strategy are discussed, and it is deemed to be suitable for a range of monitoring and bioassessment objectives.
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Gillett, Peter R., and Rajendra P. Srivastava. "Attribute Sampling: A Belief-Function Approach to Statistical Audit Evidence." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 19, no. 1 (March 1, 2000): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/aud.2000.19.1.145.
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The Dempster-Shafer belief function framework has been used to model the aggregation of audit evidence based on subjectively assessed beliefs. This paper shows how statistical evidence obtained by means of attribute sampling may be represented as belief functions, so that it can be incorporated into such models. In particular, the article shows: (1) how to determine the sample size in attribute sampling to obtain a desired level of belief that the true attribute occurrence rate of the population lies in a given interval; (2) what level of belief is obtained for a specified interval, given the sample result. As intuitively expected, we find that the sample size increases as the desired level of belief in the interval increases. In evaluating the sample results, our findings are again intuitively appealing. For example, provided the sample occurrence rate falls in the interval B for a given number of occurrences of the attribute, we find that the belief in B, Bel(B), increases as the sample size increases. However, if the sample occurrence rate falls outside of the interval, then Bel(B) is zero. Note that, in general, both Bel(B) and Bel(notB) are zero when the sample occurrence rate falls at the end points of the interval. These results extend similar results already available for variables sampling. However, the auditor faces an additional problem for attribute sampling: how to convert belief in an interval for control exceptions into belief in an interval for material misstatements in the financial statements, so that it can be combined with evidence from other sources in implementations of the Audit Risk Model.
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Aslam, Muhammad. "A new attribute sampling plan using neutrosophic statistical interval method." Complex & Intelligent Systems 5, no. 4 (January 3, 2019): 365–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40747-018-0088-6.
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Arnold, B. F. "Procedures to determine optimum two-stage sampling plans by attributes." Metrika 33, no. 1 (December 1986): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01894733.
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Lestari, Tika Endah, and Nabila Soraya Rahmat. "Analysis of Quality Control using Statistical Process Control (SPC) in Bread Production." Indonesian Journal of Fundamental Sciences 4, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/ijfs.v4i2.7637.
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In this research, the writer does analyze quality control of bread using attributes P-chart to meet in quality control statistics. The population of this study was all types of bread produced by Roti Sari Wangi as many as eight types of bread with a production capacity of 1,600 packs per day. The sampling technique in this study was a withdrawal of bread type samples based on judgment sampling and random sampling when Roti Sari Wangi produced eight types of bread the writers only took four types of bread products. From the test normality using SPSS, we can conclude that these four kinds of bread are still in the standard limit of a company. However, the total costs for defect of four kinds of bread are IDR 4,302,000. This is the high number for the small company like the writer observed.
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Baraff, Aaron J., Tyler H. McCormick, and Adrian E. Raftery. "Estimating uncertainty in respondent-driven sampling using a tree bootstrap method." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 51 (December 7, 2016): 14668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1617258113.
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Respondent-driven sampling (RDS) is a network-based form of chain-referral sampling used to estimate attributes of populations that are difficult to access using standard survey tools. Although it has grown quickly in popularity since its introduction, the statistical properties of RDS estimates remain elusive. In particular, the sampling variability of these estimates has been shown to be much higher than previously acknowledged, and even methods designed to account for RDS result in misleadingly narrow confidence intervals. In this paper, we introduce a tree bootstrap method for estimating uncertainty in RDS estimates based on resampling recruitment trees. We use simulations from known social networks to show that the tree bootstrap method not only outperforms existing methods but also captures the high variability of RDS, even in extreme cases with high design effects. We also apply the method to data from injecting drug users in Ukraine. Unlike other methods, the tree bootstrap depends only on the structure of the sampled recruitment trees, not on the attributes being measured on the respondents, so correlations between attributes can be estimated as well as variability. Our results suggest that it is possible to accurately assess the high level of uncertainty inherent in RDS.
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Kauppinen‐Räisänen, Hannele. "The impact of extrinsic and package design attributes on preferences for non‐prescription drugs." Management Research Review 33, no. 2 (January 22, 2010): 161–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01409171011015847.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of extrinsic attributes and package design attributes on consumer preferences of high‐risk products.Design/methodology/approachAn explorative conjoint analysis is conducted. A small‐scale sample, consisting of 18 consumers, conduct two conjoint tasks for two drug product types, i.e. painkillers and sore throat medicine.FindingsThe impact of the tested attributes varies according to the product type. The intrinsic attribute of taste is valued most in sore throat medicines, followed by colour and producer. Producer and colour are the most valued in painkillers. Colour is the most influential of the design attributes tested. Well‐known producer is perceived as more important in painkillers, whereas in sore throat medicine domestic producers are valued more.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is exploratory and limited due to the design with few statistical assumptions and to small‐scale sampling in one country only.Practical implicationsThe health care marketers should recognize the impact of package design on consumers' preferences of high‐risk products, such as non‐prescription drug.Originality/valueThere has been little research on the impact of package design attributes such as package colours on consumers in health care marketing.
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Duarte, Belmiro P. M., and José F. O. Granjo. "Optimal exact design of double acceptance sampling plans by attributes." Journal of Statistical Computation and Simulation 89, no. 17 (September 8, 2019): 3313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00949655.2019.1663519.
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Oliveira, Ivanildo Amorim de, José Marques Júnior, Milton César Costa Campos, Renato Eleotério de Aquino, Diego Silva Siqueira, and Ludmila De Freitas. "SPACIAL VARIABILITY AND SAMPLING DENSITY OF CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL BLACK EARTH AND NATIVE FOREST SOIL IN MANICORÉ, AM." FLORESTA 44, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v44i4.29988.
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AbstractConsidering the lack of information about spatial behavior of the soil attributes in areas of archaeological black earth and native forest, the objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability of chemical attributes and determine the sampling density in soil with archaeological black earth and native forest in the region of Manicoré, AM. The study was conducted in a rural property located in the community of Santo Antônio do Matupi, at the margins of BR 230, Trans-amazon highway, in the region of Manicoré, AM. In these areas were established grids of 70 m x 70 m, with regular spacing of 10 x 10 m, totaling 64 points, then soil samples were collected at a depth of 0.0-0.20 m and 0 , 40 - 0,60 m. Chemical attributes were determined (pH, OM, P, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CTC, V% and H + Al). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical techniques and geostatistics. Sampling density was determined basing on CV and on the range of the semivariograms. It was verified that the studied attributes showed spatial variability and the area of archaeological black earth presented greater spatial variability than the native forest. Its greater sampling density was determined basing on the range of the adjusted semivariograms.Keywords: Indian black earth; attributes of soil; geostatistics.
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Scheevel, J. R., and K. Payrazyan. "Principal Component Analysis Applied to 3D Seismic Data for Reservoir Property Estimation." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 4, no. 01 (February 1, 2001): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/69739-pa.
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Summary We apply a common statistical tool, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the problem of direct property estimation from three-dimensional (3D) seismic-amplitude data. We use PCA in a novel way to successfully make detailed effective porosity predictions in channelized sand and shale. The novelty of this use revolves around the sampling method, which consists of a small vertical sampling window applied by sliding along each vertical trace in a cube of seismic-amplitude data. The window captures multiple, vertically adjacent amplitude samples, which are then treated as vectors for purposes of the PCA analysis. All vectors from all sample window locations within the seismic-data volume form the set of input vectors for the PCA algorithm. Final output from the PCA algorithm can be a cube of assigned classes, whose clustering is based on the values of the most significant principal components (PC's). The clusters are used as a categorical variable when predicting reservoir properties away from well control. The novelty in this approach is that PCA analysis is used to analyze covariance relationships between all vector elements (neighboring amplitude values) by using the statistical mass of the large number of vectors sampled in the seismic data set. Our approach results in a powerful signal-analysis method that is statistical in nature. We believe it offers data-driven objectivity and a potential for property extraction not easily achieved in model-driven fourier-based time-series methods of analysis (digital signal processing). We evaluate the effectiveness of our method by applying a cross-validation technique, alternately withholding each of the three wells drilled in the area and computing predicted effective porosity (PHIE) estimates at the withheld location by using the remaining two wells as hard data. This process is repeated three times, each time excluding only one of the wells as a blind control case. In each of the three blind control wells, our method predicts accurate estimates of sand/shale distribution in the well and effective porosity-thickness product values. The method properly predicts a low sand-to-shale ratio at the blind well location, even when the remaining two hard data wells contain only high sand-to-shale ratios. Good predictive results from this study area make us optimistic that the method is valuable for general reservoir property prediction from 3D seismic data, especially in areas of rapid lateral variation of the reservoir. We feel that this method of predicting properties from the 3D seismic is preferable to traditional, solely variogram-based geostatistical estimation methods. Such methods have difficulty capturing the detailed lithology distribution when limited by the hard data control's sampling bias. This problem is especially acute in areas where rapid lateral geological variation is the rule. Our method effectively overcomes this limitation because it provides a deterministic soft template for reservoir-property distributions. Introduction Reservoir Prediction from Seismic. The use of the reflection seismic-attribute data for the prediction of detailed reservoir properties began at least as early as 1969.1 Use of seismic attributes for reservoir prediction has accelerated in recent years, especially with the advent of widely available high-quality 3D seismic data. In practice, a seismic attribute is any property derived from the seismic reflection (amplitude) signal during or after final processing. Any attributes may be compared with a primary reservoir property or lithology in an attempt to devise a method of attribute-guided prediction of the primary property away from well control. The prediction method can vary from something as simple as a linear multiplier (single attribute) to multi-attribute analysis with canonical correlation techniques,2 geostatistical methods,3 or fully nonlinear, fuzzy methods.4 The pace of growth in prediction methodologies using seismic attributes seems to be outpaced only by the proliferation in the number and types of seismic attributes reported in the literature.5 As more researchers find predictive success with one or more new attributes, the list of viable reservoir-predictive attributes continues to grow. Chen and Sidney6 have cataloged more than 60 common seismic attributes along with a description of their apparent significance and use. Despite the rich history of seismic attribute in reservoir prediction, the practice remains difficult and uncertain. The bulk of this uncertainty arises from the unclear nature of the physics connecting many demonstrably useful attributes to a corresponding reservoir property. Because of the complex and varied physical processes responsible for various attributes, the unambiguous use of attributes for direct reservoir prediction will likely remain a challenge for years to come. In addition to the questions about the physical origin of some attributes, there is the possibility of encountering statistical pitfalls while using multiple attributes for empirical reservoir-property prediction. For example, it has been demonstrated that as the number of attributes used in an evaluation increases, the potential arises that one or more attributes will produce a false correlation with well data.7 Also, many attributes are derived with similar signal-processing methods and can, in some cases, be considered largely redundant with respect to their seismic-signal description. Lendzionowski et al.8 maintain that the maximum number of independent attributes required to fully describe a trace segment is a quantity 2BT, where B=bandwidth (Hz) and T=trace-segment length (sec). If this is supportable, it suggests that most of the more common attributes are at least partially redundant. The danger of such redundancy is that it falsely enhances statistical correlation with the well property. Doing so may suggest that many seemingly independent seismic attributes display similar well-property trends. Finally, the use of a particular approach with attributes involves some subjectivity and prior experience on the part of the practitioner to be successful and reproducible. This is a source of potential error that cannot be quantified but also, in most cases, cannot be avoided. The most successful workers in the field of reservoir prediction from seismic, not coincidentally, are also the most experienced in the field.
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Govindaraju, K., and V. Kuralmani. "Determination of single sampling attributes plans for given (aql. aoql)." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 20, no. 2-3 (January 1991): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610919108812970.
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Luca, Stijn. "Modified chain sampling plans for lot inspection by variables and attributes." Journal of Applied Statistics 45, no. 8 (September 13, 2017): 1447–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664763.2017.1375084.
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Rodrigues, Marcos Sales, José Eduardo Corá, and Carolina Fernandes. "Spatial relationships between soil attributes and corn yield in no-tillage system." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 36, no. 2 (April 2012): 599–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832012000200029.
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Soil properties play an important role in spatial variability of crop yield. However, a low spatial correlation has generally been observed between maps of crop yield and of soil properties. The objectives of the present investigation were to assess the spatial pattern variability of soil properties and of corn yield at the same sampling intensity, and evaluate its cause-and-effect relationships. The experimental site was structured in a grid of 100 referenced points, spaced at 10 m intervals along four parallel 250 m long rows spaced 4.5 m apart. Thus, points formed a rectangle containing four columns and 25 rows. Therefore, each sampling cell encompassed an area of 45 m² and consisted of five 10 m long crop rows, in which the referenced points represented the center. Samples were taken from the layers 0-0.1 m and 0.1-0.2 m. Soil physical and chemical properties were evaluated. Statistical analyses consisted of data description and geostatistics. The spatial dependence of corn yield and soil properties was confirmed. The hypothesis of this study was confirmed, i.e., when sampling the soil to determine the values of soil characteristics at similar to sampling intensity as for crop yield assessments, correlations between the spatial distribution of soil characteristics and crop yield were observed. The spatial distribution pattern of soil properties explained 65 % of the spatial distribution pattern of corn yield. The spatial distribution pattern of clay content and percentage of soil base saturation explained most of the spatial distribution pattern of corn yield.
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Liu, Fangyu, and Lirong Cui. "A Design of Attributes Double Sampling Plans for Three-class Products." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 45, no. 3 (November 11, 2015): 1054–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2014.925921.
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Xie, Jian, Wenan Tan, Bingwu Fang, and Zhiqiu Huang. "Towards a Statistical Model Checking Method for Safety-Critical Cyber-Physical System Verification." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (May 17, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5536722.
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Safety-Critical Cyber-Physical System (SCCPS) refers to the system that if the system fails or its key functions fail, it will cause casualties, property damage, environmental damage, and other catastrophic consequences. Therefore, it is vital to verify the safety of safety critical systems. In the community, the SCCPS safety verification mainly relies on the statistical model checking methodology, but for SCCPS with extremely high safety requirements, the statistical model checking method is difficult/infeasible to sample the extremely small probability event since the probability of the system violating the safety is very low (rare property). In response to this problem, we propose a new method of statistical model checking for high-safety SCCPS. Firstly, with the CTMC-approximated SCCPS path probability space model, it leverages the maximum likelihood estimation method to learn the parameters of CTMC. Then, the embedded DTMC can be derived from CTMC, and a cross-entropy optimization model based on DTMC can be constructed. Finally, we propose an algorithm of iteratively learning the optimal importance sampling distribution on the discrete path space and an algorithm to check the statistical model of verifying the rare attribute. Eventually, experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively verify the rare attributes of SCCPS. Under the same sample size, comparing with the heuristic importance sampling methods, the estimated value of this method can be better distributed around the mean value, and the related standard deviation and relative error are reduced by more than an order of magnitude.
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Gelei, Andrea, and Imre Dobos. "Mutual trustworthiness as a governance mechanism in business relationships — A dyadic data analysis." Acta Oeconomica 66, no. 4 (December 2016): 661–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2016.66.4.5.
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Based on a literature review, we develop a research profile that illustrates that survey-based, trustrelated empirical research has severe limitations. It usually carries out general relationship analysis using single end or quasi two-sided sampling and classic statistical constructs. We designed and carried out an empirical research that was highly situational, applied dyadic operationalisation, pairwise sampling, and dyadic data analysis — a special statistical approach and toolset developed by psychologists and used to analyse interdependencies in relationships. Our main contribution is methodological and theoretical since the paper gives a structured overview on the methodological challenges in analysing mutuality in trust, but also in other relational attributes. The paper not only makes these methodological problems explicit, but also offers a potential solution to overcome some of their limitations.
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DANIBRATA, AULIA, KLEMENS WEDANAJI PRASASTYO, and ALZA ALZA. "PENGARUH ATTRIBUTES, BENEFITS DAN ATTITUDINAL LOYALTYMEMILIKI DAMPAK TERHADAP BEHAVIORAL LOYALTY PADA FANS PERSIB BANDUNG DALAM INDUSTRI SEPAKBOLA INDONESIA." Media Bisnis 12, no. 1 (December 10, 2020): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34208/mb.v12i1.880.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of attributes, benefits and attitudinal loyalty has a impact on behavioral loyalty in Bandung fans in the Indonesian football industry. This research is expected to be able to improve the results of previous studies.The population of this study came from fans of Persib Bandung who have a domicile in West Java, had watched Persib Bandung directly and had bought Persib Bandung merchandise. The researcher chose 100 respondents as the sample for this study, used insidental sampling as a sampling technique, and used a questionnaire for data collection. This study uses structural equation modeling as a research model. In addition, SPSS and Warp PLS 3.0 are used as statistical tools.The results of this study indicate that attributes and benefits affect attitudinal loyalty, and attitudinal loyalty has an effect on behavioral loyalty.
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Cardoso, Gabriel G. de G., Rilley C. Wanderley, and Mara L. C. Souza. "Physical attributes of a pasture soil in southeast Goiás determined by geostatistics." Engenharia Agrícola 36, no. 1 (February 2016): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v36n1p143-151/2016.
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ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the spatial dependence of physical attributes in a soil cultivated with Brachiaria grass. A 12-m regular sampling grid was established within an area of 3.500 m2. Thirty-five soil samples were collected at 0-30 cm depth for particle density, bulk density, texture and total porosity analysis. These data were evaluated using statistical methods of indicator kriging and the GS+ software. The GS+ software was used to develop three-dimensional maps and evaluate semivariograms. The spatial dependence was evaluated using experimental semivariograms. The analyzed attributes indicated the occurrence of spatial dependence when fit to the exponential model. Areas with higher porosity occurred in the regions with lower bulk densities and higher particle densities.
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Faturachman, Aman. "ANALISIS PERSEPSI AUDITOR MENGENAI FAKTOR PENENTU AUDIT FEE BERDASARKAN CLIENT ATTRIBUTES, AUDITOR ATTRIBUTES, DAN ENGAGEMENT ATRTRIBUTES." Jurnal Riset Akuntansi dan Keuangan 1, no. 1 (April 27, 2013): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jrak.v1i1.6574.
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This research purposes to know how perception auditors about determining factors of audit fee based on Client Attributes, Auditor Attributes, and Engagement Attributes at The Public Accountant Firm residing in Bandung. In this research, the indicator that is used to characterize the Client Attributes are size, complexity, inherent risk, profitability, leverage and liquidity, and industry. While the indicator to characterize the Auditor Attributes are auditor’s specialization, audit tenure, and location. And the indicators to characterize the Engagement Attributes are audit problems, audit report lag, busy season, and number of reports. The Method that is used in this research is a descriptive method. The population in this research is a public accountant in Bandung. Based on sampling techniques that saturated and qualified then it take about 11 offices of public accountant. SmartPLS ver 2.0 M3 are used as a Statistical analysis. The result of this research with count the loading factor and bootstrapping method are, the first one that the perception of the auditor based on client attributes of audit fee determinants from which is very important to not important is size, complexity, profitability, inherent risk, industry, and leverage & liquidty, the second states that perception based on auditor attributes audit fee determinants from which is very important to not important is audit tenure, location, and specialization. And the third states that the perception of auditor engagement attributes based determinants of audit fee which is very important to not important audit report lag, busy season, audit problems and number of reports.
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Silva, Samuel A. "Artificial neural networks in the prediction of soil chemical attributes using apparent electrical conductivity." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 19, no. 3 (September 2021): e0208-e0208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2021193-17600.
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Aim of study: To use artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the values and spatial distribution of soil chemical attributes from apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) and soil clay contents. Area of study: The study was carried out in an area of 1.2-ha cultivated with cocoa, located in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Material and methods: Data collections were performed on a sampling grid containing 120 points. Soil samples were collected to determine the attributes: clay, silt, sand, P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S, pH, H+Al, SB, CTC, V, OM and P-rem. ECa was measured using the electrical resistivity method in three different periods related to soil sampling: 60 days before (60ECa), 30 days before (30ECa) and when collecting soil samples (0ECa). For the prediction of chemical and physical-chemical attributes of the soil, models based on ANN were used. As input variables, the ECa and the clay contents were used. The quality of ANN predictions was determined using different statistical indicators. Thematic maps were constructed for the attributes determined in the laboratory and those predicted by the ANNs and the values were grouped using the fuzzy k-means algorithm. The agreement between classes was performed using the kappa coefficient. Main results: Only P and K+ attributes correlated with all ANN input variables. ECa and clay contents in the soil proved to be good variables for predicting soil attributes. Research highlights: The best results in the prediction process of the P and K+ attributes were obtained with the combination of ECa and the clay content.
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Vijayaraghavan, R., K. Rajagopal, and A. Loganathan. "A procedure for selection of a gamma-Poisson single sampling plan by attributes." Journal of Applied Statistics 35, no. 2 (February 2008): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02664760701775654.
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Kleinn, Christoph, and Frantiek Vilčko. "Design-unbiased estimation for point-to-tree distance sampling." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36, no. 6 (June 1, 2006): 1407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x06-038.
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Point-to-tree distance sampling designs, sometimes also referred to as k-tree sampling or fixed-count sampling, are practical response design options for field sampling in forest inventories and ecological surveys. While practitioners accept and use several approaches to estimate stem density and other stand attributes, a major concern from a statistical point of view is the lack of a general unbiased estimator for this class of sampling strategies. In this paper we analyse point-to-tree distance sampling in the framework of design-based probabilistic sampling and present an unbiased estimator valid for estimation of any stand attribute. This estimator draws upon the idea of defining an inclusion zone around each tree. A tree is taken as a sample tree if a selected sample point falls into its inclusion zone. The size of the inclusion zone is therefore a measure of the individual tree's inclusion probability when sampling is done with random sample points. Once the inclusion probabilities are known for all sampled trees, the Horwitz-Thompson estimator can be used as an unbiased estimator for any stand variable. In point-to-tree distance sampling, the inclusion zone of a particular tree depends exclusively on the spatial arrangement of the neighbouring trees. Such inclusion zones are determined by k-order Voronoi polygons, where k is the number of trees being sampled per sample point. The approach, however, requires the positions of the k sample trees and a number of surrounding trees to be mapped. Field application is therefore difficult, but a comparison of plot designs by simulation studies in fully mapped stands can now also be done with an unbiased estimator for k-tree sampling.
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Kassali, Rabirou, Abayomi Yusuf Oyewale, and Olufemi Adedotun Yesufu. "Analysis of Consumer’s WTP for Cowpea Varieties in Osun State, Nigeria: the Hedonic Pricing Approach." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6, no. 9 (September 9, 2018): 1120. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i9.1120-1128.1832.
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Analysis of consumer preferences for cowpea varieties in Osun State was carried out with a view to identifying attributes that determine price variation among cowpea varieties and the effect on consumer’s willingness to pay for those varieties. A multistage sampling technique was used to randomly select 240 respondents for the study, comprising 180 cowpea consumers and 60 retailers. Primary data were collected on cowpea varieties, their attributes and the consumer’s willingness to pay for cowpea varieties using well structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that out of thirteen varieties found in the area, only nine varieties of cowpea were common in the market. The quality of each variety differs which explained variation in their price. In terms of preference the Oloyin variety is preferred most by 78% of consumers. Weevil resistance had the highest rank among the cowpea attributes. Oloyin had the highest WTP followed by Milk and Drum with ₦303, ₦237 and ₦213 per kg, respectively. Hedonic pricing methods provide a statistical estimate of premiums and discounts for cowpea attributes. Results indicated that weevil resistance was the most important attribute to consumer. Cowpeas with weevil damage tolerance, brown colour, large grain size and short cooking time commanded price premium for almost all the varieties. The consumer discounted prices for insect damage, small size, white colour, smooth skin and grain colour mixed together. The study concludes on the need for breeders and research institutes to incorporate these cowpea attributes that attracted price premium into their cowpea breeding programmes.
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Nisar, Qasim Ali, Sumaira Shaheen, and Anam Bhatti. "Do Attributes of Celebrity influence Corporate Loyalty and Corporate Image? Mediating role of Corporate Credibility." Journal of Management Info 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/jmi.v11i1.59.
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The purpose of this research is to explore the impact of attributes of celebrity influence corporate loyalty and corporate image by concentrating on the mediating role of corporate credibility. Simple random sampling technique used to collect responses from respondents. Adapting the questionnaire survey method, data were collected from 450 respondents from public. All the statistical analysis was performed on SPSS and AMOS. Results showed that attributes of celebrity impact positively on corporate image and corporate loyalty. Corporate credibility partially mediates the relationship between attributes of celebrity and corporate image. The study also revealed the relationship of corporate loyalty on corporate credibility. This research will help the organizations to understand how to deal with customers in different ways in order to enhance profit, boost loyalty and image of corporation in the favor of organization and do no harm to their organization.
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Mostofi, Amin Ghalamfarsa, and Sheyda Shirkani. "Designing a single-sampling plan for attributes in the presence of classification errors." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 49, no. 7 (January 21, 2019): 1768–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2018.1506029.
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Nurhasanah, Sansan, Asep M. Ramdan, and Kokom Komariah. "Analisis Kelompok Acuan dan Atribut Produk terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Tas Eiger pada Eiger Store Kota Sukabumi." Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 2, no. 2 (May 18, 2019): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v2i2.589.
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Purchasing decisions are often made by consumers based on their wants and needs. If the company is unable to fulfill it, it is likely to experience a decline in marketing the product. The purpose of this study was to determine the analysis of the reference group and product attributes to the purchasing decisions of eiger bag consumers in the eiger store in the city of sukabumi. The research method used in this study was to use a random sampling method, by distributing questionnaires as many as 87 respondents to eiger bag consumers. The analysis technique used in this study is to use multiple linear regression analysis techniques and coefficient of determination. To test the hypothesis in this study using partial statistical tests (t test) and simultaneous tests (Test f). The results of this study indicate that the reference group has a significant influence on purchasing decisions. Product attributes have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions. Simultaneously the reference group and product attributes have a positive and significant influence on purchasing decisions.
Keywords: Reference Group, Product Attributes, Purchasing Decisions
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Newaz, Md Shah, Mina Hemmati, Muhammad Khalilur Rahman, and Suhaiza Zailani. "Do employees' attributes and capabilities matter the intention to become a supply chain manager? Structural model analysis." Journal of Advances in Management Research 17, no. 4 (May 4, 2020): 505–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-01-2020-0008.
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PurposeThis study aims to investigate how the employees' attributes, capabilities, behavioral control and behavioral intentions affect their intention to become a supply chain manager (SCM). The study also investigates how employees' capabilities mediate the relationship between attributes and intention to become SCM.Design/methodology/approachThe purposive sampling frame is employed to collect the data, and multiple statistical tools and techniques are used for analyzing the data.FindingsThe findings reveal that attributes are the most crucial factor for the capabilities of employees to become successful SCM. Employees' behavioral intention and capabilities have a significant impact on intention, whereas perceived behavioral control has a significant negative impact on it. Also, the result finds that capabilities partially mediate the relationship between attributes and intention to become an SCM.Research limitations/implicationsThe study extends the application of employees' intention to become a supply chain manager. The idea collected is based on Malaysia; thus, further study should be extended to assess the impact of employees' attributes, capabilities and behavioral control to become SCM as well as economic performance in other countries.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first empirical analysis on the relationship between employees' attributes, capabilities, behavioral control and intention to become SCM in the context of Malaysia. The findings will help the top management to select the right people as SCM and improve their attributes, capabilities and behavior so that they become an effective SCM.
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Camargo, Livia Arantes, José Marques Júnior, and Gener Tadeu Pereira. "Spatial variability of physical attributes of an alfisol under different hillslope curvatures." Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 34, no. 3 (June 2010): 617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832010000300003.
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The influence of relief forms has been studied by several authors and explains the variability in the soil attributes of a landscape. Soil physical attributes depend on relief forms, and their assessment is important in mechanized agricultural systems, such as of sugarcane. This study aimed to characterize the spatial variability in the physical soil attributes and their relationship to the hillslope curvatures in an Alfisol developed from sandstone and growing sugarcane. Grids of 100 x 100 m were delimited in a convex and a concave area. The grids had a regular spacing of 10 x 10 m, and the crossing points of this spacing determined a total of 121 georeferenced sampling points. Samples were collected to determine the physical attributes related to soil aggregates, porosity, bulk density, resistance to penetration and moisture within the 0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m depth. Statistical analyses, geostatistics and Student's t-tests were performed with the means of the areas. All attributes, except aggregates > 2 mm in the 0-0.2 m depth and macroporosity at both depths, showed significant differences between the hillslope curvatures. The convex area showed the highest values of the mean weighted diameter, mean geometric diameter, aggregates > 2 mm, 1-2 mm aggregates, total porosity and moisture and lower values of bulk density and resistance to penetration in both depth compared to the concave area. The number of soil attributes with greater spatial variability was higher in the concave area.
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Zenkov, I. V., A. V. Lapko, V. A. Lapko, S. T. Im, V. P. Tuboltsev, and V. L. Аvdeenok. "A nonparametric algorithm for automatic classification of large multivariate statistical data sets and its application." Computer Optics 45, no. 2 (April 2021): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-co-801.
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A nonparametric algorithm for automatic classification of large statistical data sets is proposed. The algorithm is based on a procedure for optimal discretization of the range of values of a random variable. A class is a compact group of observations of a random variable corresponding to a unimodal fragment of the probability density. The considered algorithm of automatic classification is based on the «compression» of the initial information based on the decomposition of a multidimensional space of attributes. As a result, a large statistical sample is transformed into a data array composed of the centers of multidimensional sampling intervals and the corresponding frequencies of random variables. To substantiate the optimal discretization procedure, we use the results of a study of the asymptotic properties of a kernel-type regression estimate of the probability density. An optimal number of sampling intervals for the range of values of one- and two-dimensional random variables is determined from the condition of the minimum root-mean square deviation of the regression probability density estimate. The results obtained are generalized to the discretization of the range of values of a multidimensional random variable. The optimal discretization formula contains a component that is characterized by a nonlinear functional of the probability density. An analytical dependence of the detected component on the antikurtosis coefficient of a one-dimensional random variable is established. For independent components of a multidimensional random variable, a methodology is developed for calculating estimates of the optimal number of sampling intervals for random variables and their lengths. On this basis, a nonparametric algorithm for the automatic classification is developed. It is based on a sequential procedure for checking the proximity of the centers of multidimensional sampling intervals and relationships between frequencies of the membership of the random variables from the original sample of these intervals. To further increase the computational efficiency of the proposed automatic classification algorithm, a multithreaded method of its software implementation is used. The practical significance of the developed algorithms is confirmed by the results of their application in processing remote sensing data.
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Wardhaniika, Nuruni Ika Kusuma, and Ignatia Martha Hendrati. "PERPINDAHAN MEREK AKIBAT KETIDAKPUASAN KONSUMEN DALAM PEMILIHAN PRODUK SMARTPHONE." IDEI: Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis 2, no. 1 (April 5, 2021): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.38076/ideijeb.v2i1.56.
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This research was motivated by a decrease in sales and market share of An-droid smartphones in a certain period that identified the phenomenon of the shift of smartphone users with certain brands that have Android operating system to other brands of smartphones with other operating systems. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of product attributes, consumer dissatisfaction, and Brand Image and price perception on the shift of the Xiaomi Android smartphone brand to other Samatphone. The population in this study was the Xiaomi user at WTC (World Trade Center) Surabaya. Sampling in this study used the nonprobability sampling method with purposive sampling technique. The statistical analysis method used was the analysis technique Partial Least Sqaure. The results of the analysis showed that consumer dissatisfaction had a positive and significant influence on brand switching. Brand Image had a significant and significant influence on brand switching. Price perception had a negative but not significant effect on brand switching.
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Raksanakorn, Kuljira, Prayuth Chusorn, Phra Honda Khemma, and Pramook Chusorn. "Needs Assessment for Development of Primary School Administrators’ Attributes in 21st Century." World Journal of Education 10, no. 2 (April 20, 2020): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wje.v10n2p158.
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The objective of this research was to study the current condition, the desired condition, needs assessment, and guidelines of the development of primary school administrators’ attributes in the 21st century. This is descriptive research, and the research’s sample group consisted of 370 school administrators and teachers; they were selected using stratified random sampling. The research tools were semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, which have 0.98 of precision and 0.60-1.00 of IOC. The statistical measurements which were used in this research were frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, and the value of needs assessment using the Priority Need Index (PNI_modified). The research found that the overall current conditions and conditions in each dimension were at a medium level, whereas the overall desired conditions were at the highest level, which later were analyzed for the needs assessment of the primary school administrators’ attributes in the 21st century in the following dimensions: 1) creativity and innovations, 2) visions, 3) being a desirable leader, 4) interpersonal relations, and 5) relations with work. Guidelines of the development of primary school administrators’ attributes in 21st century comprise of: 1) the development of creativity and innovations, 2) opportunity provision to reach the 21st century’s standards together in terms of the organization’s visions, 3) reinforcement of 21st century leadership’s attributes, 4) reinforcement of 21st century interpersonal relation’s attributes, and 5) increase of the effectiveness of services which relate to the work within the 21st century organizations.
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Rafika, Aulia, and Edi Suswardji Nugroho. "Pengaruh Atribut Produk Wisata dan Citra Destinasi Terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung Pada Destinasi Wisata Taman Sri Baduga Kabupaten Purwakarta." Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 4, no. 2 (April 3, 2021): 656–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v4i2.1734.
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This study aims to determine the effect of tourism product attributes and destination image, either directly, indirectly, partially and simultaneously on the decision to visit the Taman Sri Baduga Kabupaten Purwakarta tourist destination, and the results of this study can be useful for Stake Holders in the field of tourism and can contribute for science.The paradigm of this research is a quantitative descriptive verification paradigm with a focus on testing theory through measuring research variables using the statistical technique / SPSS 24 approach, data collection using the incidental sampling technique on 398 respondents with research subjects who are visitors or who have visited Taman Sri Baduga Purwakarta tourist destinations. Before testing the hypothesis, this study conducted a data validity test. Data analysis technique used is the scale range analysis technique and path analysis.There is a significant effect of the partial attributes of tourism products on the decision to visit by 55.3% and the partial effect of the image of the destination on the decision to visit by 28%. Then there is a simultaneous influence of tourism product attributes and destination image on the decision to visit Taman Sri Baduga Purwakarta of 83.3%, the remaining 16.7% is influenced by other factors not included in this study.
Keywords: Tourism Product Attributes, Destination Image, and Decision to Visit
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Govindaraju, K., and K. Subramani. "Selection of double sampling attributes plan for given acceptable quality level and limiting quality level." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 21, no. 1 (January 1992): 221–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610919208813016.
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Loganathan, A., and K. Shalini. "Determination of Single Sampling Plans by Attributes Under the Conditions of Zero-Inflated Poisson Distribution." Communications in Statistics - Simulation and Computation 43, no. 3 (September 23, 2013): 538–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2012.707723.
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Bashiru Lawal, Aliyu S. Rafi Anka, Bashir Idris, Tijani Salihu, and Hussaini Aliyu. "Graduate attributes in computing disciplines desirable to prepare graduates for entry into computing profession in Nigeria." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 8, no. 1 (July 30, 2021): 010–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2021.8.1.0096.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the important graduate attributes in computing disciplines perceived by lecturers of the three sectors of Nigerian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) desirable for entry into computing profession in Nigeria. The descriptive survey research design was adopted. Fifty (50) academic staff of computer related disciplines from each of the HEIs sectors (Universities, Polytechnics and Colleges of Education) in the North-Central Nigeria were screened and used through convenience random and purposive sampling methods. The Computing Disciplines’ Graduate Attributes Scale (CDGAS) (r = 0.82) was the research instrument used in gleaning the field data. Four research questions were raised and one hypothesis formulated, tested and analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) statistical package. The findings identified 13, 17 and 16 important graduate attributes desirable to prepare graduates from Nigerian Universities, Polytechnic and Colleges of Educations (COEs) respectively for entry into computing profession. Common amongst the identified graduate attributes are: collaboration and teamwork, lifelong learning skills, cognitive ability and practical skills, effective communication skills and leadership quality. Also, result from hypothesis testing showed a significant relationship amongst the identified graduate attributes in computing discipline in all sectors of HIEs in Nigeria. (F = 0.610; Critical Value = 3.12; P < 0.05). Conclusively, the study recommended that career development support efforts should be included in the curriculum, which will focus on helping prospective graduate in computing related discipline on their academic abilities, personal qualities and skills.
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Suciati, Uminurida. "Implementasi Sistem Manajemen Kualitas ISO: 9001:2008 terhadap Kepuasan Pemustaka di Perpustakaan Pusat Universitas Gadjah Mada." Berkala Ilmu Perpustakaan dan Informasi 9, no. 2 (November 7, 2015): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bip.7782.
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This study aims to determine the quality library services based implementation of Quality Management System ISO 9001:2008 . User satisfaction and student perceptions regarding the attributes of quality library services that include : tangible , reliability , responsiveness, assuredness , and empathy associated with user satisfaction .This study uses a quantitative approach . Type a descriptive quantitative research . Ex post facto data collection by survey method . Data collection using questionnaires as the primary method , documentary and observation . The study population was a student who came to visit and use the library facilities and using samples UGM proportional stratified random sampling technique.Analysis of the data using parametric statistics , such as regression analysis to test the hypothesis regreasi first and to find out how much of each attribute independent variables contribute effectively to the satisfaction of the user and the product moment correlation and ANOVA to test the hypothesis of a single lane to two . Results indicate that the implementation of quality management system ISO 9001 : 2008 can give satisfaction to the users at the Central Library , University of Gadjah Mada . It can be seen from the results of the user's perception of the quality attributes of library services that include : tangible, reliability , responsiveness , and empathy assuredness related to user satisfaction at the Central Library of the University of Gadjah Mada . It can be seen from tangible attribute indicates the coefficient b = 0.104 and p = 0.022 , attribute indicates the reliability coefficient b = 0.126 and p = 0.009, attribute indicates the responsiveness coefficient b = 0.095 and p = 0.018, showing assuredness attribute coefficient b = 0.125 and p = 0.007, attribute shows empathy coefficient b = 0.193 with p = 0.001 . Positive effect is statistically significant means that the better the user perception of service quality attributes of the higher levels of user satisfaction and conversely the perception of poor quality of service attributes pemustaka on the lower level of user satisfaction in the Library of the University of Gadjah Mada . From the estimation above regression equation, the coefficient of multiple determination ( R2 ) of 0.539 that showed statistically that the role of the variable quality of service for users' satisfaction at 53.9 % . Percentage of the remaining 46.1 % are other variables not examined in this study .
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Kandagor, Jonathan C., Jason M. Githeko, and Arnold M. Opiyo. "Usability attributes influencing the adoption and use of mobile apps for dissemination of agricultural information." International Journal of Agricultural Extension 6, no. 1 (May 3, 2018): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/ijae.006.01.2465.
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Mobile apps such as social media have friendly attributes and unbiased usage across gender and age; and have become one of the most promising channels for dissemination of agricultural information. The current sources of agricultural information available to farmers do not allow a two-way flow of information and instant feedback. The information disseminated using such channels are generally not customized to specific farmers’ needs. Despite the availability of various mobile apps providing agricultural information, the adoption rate is too minimal. The aim of this study was to determine the usability attributes of social media influencing its adoption and use. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 149 respondents. The respondents were selected through purposive sampling technique from a population comprising of farmers, extension staff, lecturers and students enrolled in agricultural courses participating in the Farm Attachment Program of Egerton University. Data collected was analysed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) and probit regression was used to analyse expected probability of social media adoption. The findings indicate that the main usability attributes of social media are Ease of use, usefulness, credibility, flexibility and Internet availability. Mobile apps being used to disseminate agricultural information should incorporate some of the usability attributes that have significantly influenced the adoption and use of social media to enhance its uptake and use.
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Carvalho, Ailton A. de, Abelardo A. de A. Montenegro, Fred M. V. de Assis, José N. Tabosa, Roberta Q. Cavalcanti, and Thayná A. B. Almeida. "Spatial dependence of attributes of rainfed maize under distinct soil cover conditions." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 23, no. 1 (January 2019): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n1p33-39.
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ABSTRACT Maize crop under rainfed conditions is widely grown in the Brazilian Northeast on community farms for human and animal consumption. The application of mulch could be adopted to enhance rainwater harvesting and soil moisture levels, although such practice is rarely applied in rainfed cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the spatial variability of maize productivity, based on soil physical attributes and plant growth and yield, under a rainfed regime in the presence and absence of mulch in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The study was conducted from May to September 2016 in Pesqueira - PE (locality of the Semiarid of Pernambuco State, Northeast, Brazil), during which the development and production of maize in experimental plots were evaluated, and maize was grown using the traditional cropping system with and without mulching. Two grids with 40 points in a 4 × 10 m mesh were established, with spacing of 1 m for soil sampling and maize biometric evaluation. For statistical analysis, 30 samples were randomly selected from each plot. Maize cultivated in the presence of mulch showed higher development, with symmetrical distribution for all variables except for soil moisture and stem diameter. Sand content, soil moisture, height of the first cob, number of leaves, leaf length, plant height, and cob weight presented moderate to strong spatial scale dependence for the two cropping conditions, with higher spatial dependence consistently observed for the development parameters in the covered area.
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Korkutata, Abdulmenaf. "Leisure Boredom Scale: A Research on University Students." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 12 (October 25, 2018): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i12.3648.
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The aim of this research was to review the leisure boredom perceptions of students who study in the faculty of sports sciences by different variables. 1223 students voluntarily participated in this research. These students study in the faculty of sports sciences in three universities in Turkey and they were selected by random sampling method. 367 of participants were female (30%); 856 (70%) of participants were males. Leisure boredom scale (LBS) that was developed by Iso-Ahola and Weissinger (1990) was used in this research to collect the data. Kara, Gürbüz, and Öncü (2014) adapted this scale into Turkish. Besides, an information form that includes socio-demographic attributes was asked participants to fill. T-test, ANOVA test and descriptive statistical methods analyzed the data. While there was found a statistically significant difference (p<0,05) in boredom sub-dimension in terms of gender variable, there was no statistically significant difference in satisfaction sub-dimension. About the monthly income variable, a statistically significant difference (p<0,05) was observed in both boredom and satisfaction sub-dimensions. However, there was no statistically significant difference (p>0,05) in leisure boredom perception based on the age variable.