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Journal articles on the topic 'Stay-in-Place formwork'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Wang, Li Jiu, Xin Gu, and Dan Sun. "Concrete Structure System Based on Stay in Place Formwork." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.550.

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The utilization of stay in place formwork in concrete structure has received considerable attention in recent years. It is comparatively low labor intensity, readily available and has a range of attractive properties and characteristics that makes it suitable for a variety of building and construction applications. The fabrication and seismic behavior was studied in this paper. The experiments have shown that sufficient data have been obtained to give confidence in the reinforcing mechanism of stay in place construction formwork, and future work need only be focused on formwork design and standardization.

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2

Song, Xiao Ruan, Pei Ge Liu, Dong Fu Zhao, Yu Ting Qu, and Xiao Yun Zhang. "Study on Stay-in-Place Cement Formwork and the Application." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 952–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.952.

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Three contents are included in this paper: 1) Through orthogonal experiment, some principal materials and their use levels which will influence performances of cement formwork are optimized and researched. A matched group could bring best comprehensive performance plate suitable to be used as construction formwork is obtained. 2) Through study the strength retention rate of specimens after immersing in various solutions for different ages, the alkali resistance property and lasting quality of the formwork are investigated, and it indicates that during general serviceable life specified by China Structure Design Code, the failure probability due to durability is very low. 3) Through mechanical experiments of combined slabs with different conjoint methods, cooperation performance between formwork and concrete is studied, which prove composite slabs work well.

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3

Brózda, Kinga, Jacek Selejdak, and Peter Koteš. "The GFRP profiles as stay-in-place formwork." E3S Web of Conferences 49 (2018): 00008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184900008.

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The GFRP (Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymers) materials are characterized by good mechanical properties and very high corrosion resistance. Currently the GFRP profiles in the form of modular structural elements are used as so called decking systems. However, the last researches concern the possibility of using the modular FRP profiles as a stay-in-place (SIP) formwork. In this article the conception of the shape and cross-sectional dimensions selection of the FRP profile was attempted. The conception applies to the prototype of the GFRP profile, which is able to use as a self-supporting formwork in composite slab in building structures on floors or as the deck in composite bridge structures. On the basis of theoretical and practical studies available in the literature, the theoretical evaluation of the composite element were done.

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4

Kiyanets, A. V. "Energy efficient wall design with stay-in-place formwork." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 962 (November 18, 2020): 022079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/962/2/022079.

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5

Verbruggen, S., O. Remy, J. Wastiels, and T. Tysmans. "Stay-in-Place Formwork of TRC Designed as Shear Reinforcement for Concrete Beams." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/648943.

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In order to reduce on-site building time, the construction industry shows an increasing interest in stay-in-place formwork with a reinforcement function after concrete hardening, such as CFRP formwork confinement for columns. The current combined systems however do not answer the demand of the building industry for a material system that is both lightweight and fire safe. High performance textile reinforced cement (TRC) composites can address this need. They can be particularly interesting for the shear reinforcement of concrete beams. This paper describes a preliminary analysis and feasibility study on structural stay-in-place formwork made of TRC. Comparative bending experiments demonstrate that a fully steel reinforced beam and an equivalent beam with shear reinforcement in TRC formwork show similar yielding behaviour, indicating that the TRC shear reinforcement system actually works. Moreover, the cracking moment of the concrete was more or less doubled, resulting in a much lower deflection in serviceability limit state than calculated. Digital image correlation measurements show that the latter is due to the crack bridging capacity of the external TRC shear reinforcement.

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6

Song, Xiao Ruan, Xiao Yun Zhang, Wei Dai, Yu Ting Qu, and Zi Liang Xu. "Study on Stress and Deformation Performances of the Spliced Cement Formwork Reinforced by FRP." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 764–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.764.

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For permanent cement-base formwork, due to stay-in-place with concrete during all the service life and minor size of the end surface, the splicing methods of traditional formworks are not adapted to be used. In allusion to natures of the cement-base formwork, this paper presents ten types of splicing methods. For each method, a group of specimens are prepared and whose capacity and deformation performance are investigated. And meanwhile, stress and deformability of the full specimens without joint are researched under the same conditions. Through above splicing experiments, some reliable splicing method is obtained. The experimental results provided by this paper present a gist for investigation and application of the permanent cement-base formwork.

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7

Kotes, Peter. "Influence of Contact Parameters on Load-Carrying Capacity of Hybrid Composite Cross-Section." Advanced Materials Research 897 (February 2014): 157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.897.157.

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FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastic) materials are corrosion resistant not requiring any specific treatment. The utilization of these materials is expanding. New research works have started to focus on using these materials on self-contained formwork in composite systems. It allows decreasing the concrete cover on minimum value just to assure sufficient bonding between reinforcement and concrete (the influence of aggressive environment is minimal). Moreover, the stay-in-place formwork is self-contained. It means using this system as formwork during casting of concrete and another supporting structure is not needed. The paper is focused on experimental analysis of stay-in-place GFRP (Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic) formwork in composite system (three-functional GFRP formwork and reinforced concrete slab – RC slab) and its use on floors in building structures. The load-carrying capacity of the composite system is highly influenced by quality of cohesion between GFRP formwork and concrete. This cohesion was investigated by using “push tests”. The results from experimental push tests were compared with the numerical model and also will serve for numerical modelling of real bonding of the girders.

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8

Elnabelsy, Gamal, and Murat Saatcioglu. "Seismic behavior of concrete bridge columns confined with fiber-reinforced polymer stay-in-place formwork." Advances in Structural Engineering 21, no. 4 (October 12, 2017): 613–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433217732670.

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One of the applications of fiber-reinforced polymers in bridge construction is stay-in-place formwork. Fiber-reinforced polymer stay-in-place formwork, in the form of preformed tubes, provides easy form assembly, protection of steel reinforcement and concrete against corrosion and chemical attacks while also improving the strength and ductility of structural elements in earthquake resistant construction. Experimental research was conducted to investigate the seismic performance of fiber-reinforced polymer stay-in-place formwork for bridge columns. Tests of large-scale specimens were conducted under simulated seismic loading. The experimental program included circular and square columns confined with carbon fiber–reinforced polymer tubes. The results indicate that the use of carbon fiber–reinforced polymer tubes increases column inelastic deformability significantly. Bridge columns under low levels of axial compression exhibit inelastic drift capacities in excess of 4% before failing in flexural tension due to the rupturing of longitudinal reinforcement. These observations and experimental results were used to develop a displacement-based design procedure for concrete confinement for fiber-reinforced polymer–encased concrete columns. This article presents an overview of the experimental program and the design approach developed.

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9

Gaidukov, Pavel, and Evgeniy Pugach. "Prospects for the development of stay in plase formwork for low-rise buildings in cramped conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 09030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125809030.

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The article considers existing and promising systems for the construction of slabs in low-rise buildings using stay in place (SIP) formwork. The main conditions for using these formwork systems are described and the disadvantages of existing structures are highlighted. Using the example of previously patented inventions, various trends in the development of formwork systems are revealed. The article deals with precast concrete structures of fixed formwork, modular structures of fixed formwork, various types of connections. Variants of fixed formwork with different types of installation and delivery of concrete mix, made of different materials and shapes are considered. The main individual features of each type of invention are highlighted, on the basis of which assumptions are made for the development of these systems. Based on the results of the analysis, the article offers technical requirements and a brief description of a promising formwork system for the construction of floors of low-rise buildings in cramped conditions.

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10

Nicoletta, Benjamin, Joshua Woods, John Gales, and Amir Fam. "Postfire Performance of GFRP Stay-in-Place Formwork for Concrete Bridge Decks." Journal of Composites for Construction 23, no. 3 (June 2019): 04019015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cc.1943-5614.0000941.

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11

Kuder, Katherine G., Rishi Gupta, Corinne Harris-Jones, Richard Hawksworth, Sean Henderson, and Jason Whitney. "Effect of PVC Stay-In-Place Formwork on Mechanical Performance of Concrete." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 21, no. 7 (July 2009): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2009)21:7(309).

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12

Goyal, Reema, Abhijit Mukherjee, and Shweta Goyal. "An investigation on bond between FRP stay-in-place formwork and concrete." Construction and Building Materials 113 (June 2016): 741–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.03.124.

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13

Caluk, Nerma, Islam Mantawy, and Atorod Azizinamini. "Durable Bridge Columns using Stay-In-Place UHPC Shells for Accelerated Bridge Construction." Infrastructures 4, no. 2 (May 13, 2019): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures4020025.

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Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is a durable material that allows the construction of innovative structural elements and conforms with accelerated bridge construction (ABC) goals. The main idea of this research is to utilize UHPC to prefabricate a shell that acts as a stay-in-place form for bridge columns. The prefabricated shell eliminates the conventional formwork while reducing the on-site construction time and acting as a durable protective layer for the normal concrete inside the shell against environmental attacks. In addition, the UHPC shell provides additional confinement to the column concrete, which improves the column’s structural performance. During construction and after completing the column reinforcement work onsite, based on the conventional construction methods, the prefabricated UHPC shell is placed around the column reinforcement, followed by casting a portion of UHPC for a column-to-footing connection, which improves the capacity of the connection and shifts the plastic hinge zone above the connection. Once the UHPC portion hardens, normal concrete is placed inside the shell, forming a permanent concrete-filled UHPC shell. The construction process is finalized by placing and connecting a prefabricated cap beam to the column through the same developed connection as that in this research. This technical note presents the development of two test specimens using an UHPC shell in lieu of a conventional formwork with the advantage of improving the column performance and durability.

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14

Kapustin, Dmitriy, and Leis Zeid Kilani. "Flexural behavior of RC beam strengthened by stay in place SFRC sheet formwork." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1425 (December 2019): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1425/1/012073.

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15

Goyal, Reema, Shweta Goyal, and Abhijit Mukherjee. "Pultruded Fibre Reinforced Polymer Planks as Stay-In-Place Formwork for Concrete Structures." Current Science 113, no. 02 (July 25, 2017): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.18520/cs/v113/i02/245-252.

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16

Ozbakkaloglu, Togay, and Murat Saatcioglu. "Seismic Performance of Square High-Strength Concrete Columns in FRP Stay-in-Place Formwork." Journal of Structural Engineering 133, no. 1 (January 2007): 44–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2007)133:1(44).

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17

Gómez-Plata, Leandro, Bernardo F. Tutikian, Fernanda Pacheco, Marcos S. Oliveira, Michel Murillo, Luis F. O. Silva, and Carlos P. Bergmann. "Multianalytical approach of stay-in-place polyvinyl chloride formwork concrete exposed to high temperatures." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 9, no. 3 (May 2020): 5045–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.03.022.

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18

Gai, Xian, Antony Darby, Tim Ibell, and Mark Evernden. "Experimental investigation into a ductile FRP stay-in-place formwork system for concrete slabs." Construction and Building Materials 49 (December 2013): 1013–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.08.050.

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19

De Sutter, S., O. Remy, T. Tysmans, and J. Wastiels. "Development and experimental validation of a lightweight Stay-in-Place composite formwork for concrete beams." Construction and Building Materials 63 (July 2014): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.03.032.

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20

Kim, Hyeong-Yeol, Kyung-Taek Koh, Young-Jun You, Gum-Sung Ryu, Dong-Woo Seo, Seung-Seop Jin, Gi-Hong Ahn, and Jeong-Hee Nam. "Load-deflection behaviour of concrete slab-type elements casted on stay-in-place TRC formwork." Composite Structures 244 (July 2020): 112310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112310.

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21

Tian, Huiwen, Zhen Zhou, Yi Zhang, and Yang Wei. "Axial behavior of reinforced concrete column with ultra-high performance concrete stay-in-place formwork." Engineering Structures 210 (May 2020): 110403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110403.

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22

Verwimp, Evy, Tine Tysmans, and Marijke Mollaert. "Numerical evaluation of structural stay-in-place formwork in textile reinforced cement composite for concrete shells." Advances in Structural Engineering 19, no. 9 (July 28, 2016): 1500–1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433216643895.

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23

A., Michel Murillo, Bernardo F. Tutikian, Vinicius Ortolan, Marcos L. S. Oliveira, Carlos H. Sampaio, Leandro Gómez P, and Luis F. Silva O. "Fire resistance performance of concrete-PVC panels with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) stay in place (SIP) formwork." Journal of Materials Research and Technology 8, no. 5 (September 2019): 4094–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2019.07.018.

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24

Scott, Benjamin, Noran Wahab, Adil Al-Mayah, and Khaled A. Soudki. "Effect of stay-in-place PVC formwork panel geometry on flexural behavior of reinforced concrete walls." Structures 5 (February 2016): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2015.09.005.

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25

Hasselhoff, Johannes, Lijuan Cheng, Frederic Waimer, Markus Gabler, and Jan Knippers. "Design, manufacturing and testing of shear-cone connectors between CFRP stay-in-place formwork and concrete." Composite Structures 129 (October 2015): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.04.001.

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26

Sheikh, Shamim A., S. A. D. Jaffry, and Ciyan Cui. "Investigation of glass-fibre-reinforced-polymer shells as formwork and reinforcement for concrete columns." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 3 (March 1, 2007): 389–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-110.

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An investigation was conducted to study the behaviour of full-scale concrete-filled glass-fibre-reinforced-polymer (GFRP) shells under concentric compression. The main objective was to assess the suitability of prefabricated GFRP shells for stay-in-place formwork and confining reinforcement for columns. Seventeen columns, 356 mm in diameter and 1524 mm long were tested. The nominal target concrete compressive strength at 28 d was 30 MPa. Variables examined included number of GFRP layers, fibre orientation, and amount of longitudinal and lateral steel. Confinement by GFRP shells resulted in concrete response that displayed increased strength and associated strain followed by a ductile descending branch. Fibres in the longitudinal direction improved the load-carrying capacity of the columns, but the increase was less than the capacity of the fibres determined from the tension tests. Glass-fibre-reinforced-polymer shells also eliminate the need for closely spaced confinement steel, which should improve the quality of construction. In addition to ease of construction, GFRP shells provide protection against environmental effects, thus helping to reduce life cycle costs.Key words: columns, confinement, stay-in-place formwork, strength, ductility, energy capacity, earthquake, seismic resistance, lateral reinforcement, glass-fibre-reinforced-polymer (GFRP) shell.

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27

Popescu, M., L. Reiter, A. Liew, T. Van Mele, R. J. Flatt, and P. Block. "Building in Concrete with an Ultra-lightweight Knitted Stay-in-place Formwork: Prototype of a Concrete Shell Bridge." Structures 14 (June 2018): 322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2018.03.001.

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28

Cho, Jeong-Rae, Keunhee Cho, Sung Yong Park, Sung Tae Kim, and Byung-Suk Kim. "Bond characteristics of coarse sand coated interface between stay-in-place fibre-reinforced polymer formwork and concrete based on shear and tension tests." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 37, no. 5 (May 2010): 706–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l10-012.

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This study examined the effect of aggregate size and density on the shear and tensile bond characteristics of the coarse sand coated interface between stay-in-place fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) formwork and concrete. Shear and tension tests were performed for five test variables according to aggregate size and density. Based on the test results, the appropriate size and distribution density of the aggregates is examined. In addition, based on the shear test results, the local shear bond stress-slip model for each of the test variables was derived through an optimization process.

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29

Triantafillou, Thanasis, and Catherine Corina G. Papanicolaou. "Innovative Applications of Textile-Based Composites in Strengthening and Seismic Retrofitting as Well as in the Prefabrication of New Structures." Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (January 2013): 26–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.26.

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The authors review investigations which have provided fundamental knowledge on the use of a new generation of composite materials, namely textile-reinforced mortar (TRM) and textile-reinforced concrete (TRC), as strengthening and seismic retrofitting materials of existing concrete and masonry structures, as well as in the prefabrication of new reinforced concrete (RC) structural elements. In the first part of the paper, TRM are investigated as a means to provide confinement in concrete, to increase the deformation capacity of old-type RC columns subjected to simulated seismic loading, to increase the shear and flexural resistance of RC members and to increase the out-of-plane or in-plane strength of unreinforced masonry walls. In all cases, the effectiveness of TRM systems is quantified through comparison with equivalent fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) ones. It is concluded that TRM jacketing is an extremely promising new technique, which is expected to enjoy the attention of the research community and to be employed in numerous applications in the near future. In the second part, the paper gives a brief overview of the application of TRC in the field of advanced prefabricated systems, with a focus on stay-in-place (or permanent) formwork elements in hybrid construction projects. Along these lines, the paper provides experimental results on the behavior of TRC/RC composite beams and one-way slabs under flexure. The results indicate that the use of prefabricated TRC stay-in-place formwork elements is a promising solution for achieving reduction of the construction time, minimization of labor cost and defect-free finishing of external surfaces.

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30

Azizinamini, Atorod, Sheharyar Rehmat, and Amir Sadeghnejad. "Enhancing Resiliency and Delivery of Bridge Elements using Ultra-High Performance Concrete as Formwork." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 5 (March 21, 2019): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119834907.

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A feasibility study of the use of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) shell as a formwork is presented. The core concept of the research, developed by the first author, is prefabrication of UHPC shell which acts as a stay-in-place formwork. In the proposed approach, after transporting the UHPC shell to site, the construction of structural elements is completed by placing reinforcing cage inside the UHPC shell and post-pouring with normal concrete. The superior properties of UHPC provide excellent means to enhance the service life of bridge elements, while eliminating the need for assembling or stripping of formwork. As a proof of concept, a combination of experimental and numerical studies was conducted, results of which are reported here. Before conducting experimental work, numerical study in the form of finite element analysis was carried out to investigate performance of shell during placement of the normal concrete. To provide a baseline comparison between UHPC shell formwork and conventional methods, two test specimens were constructed and tested under three-point load setup. The shell test specimen demonstrated flexural strength, 14% greater than an equivalent normal strength concrete specimen. The UHPC shell test specimen failure occurred by debonding of shell at the interface and development of a large crack in the shell. The shell test specimen exhibited improved levels of ductility before failure. The preliminary analysis demonstrated that the idea is feasible and useful for accelerated bridge construction applications.

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31

Ringelstetter, Thomas E., Lawrence C. Bank, Michael G. Oliva, Jeffrey S. Russell, Fabio Matta, and Antonio Nanni. "Cost-Effective, Structural Stay-in-Place Formwork System of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer for Accelerated and Durable Bridge Deck Construction." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1976, no. 1 (January 2006): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198106197600120.

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32

Hack, Norman, Kathrin Dörfler, Alexander Nikolas Walzer, Timothy Wangler, Jaime Mata-Falcón, Nitish Kumar, Jonas Buchli, et al. "Structural stay-in-place formwork for robotic in situ fabrication of non-standard concrete structures: A real scale architectural demonstrator." Automation in Construction 115 (July 2020): 103197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2020.103197.

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33

Wozniak, Maciej, Tine Tysmans, Svetlana Verbruggen, and John Vantomme. "Quality of the bond between a Strain Hardening Cement Composite stay-in-place formwork and concrete: Comparison of two experimental set-ups." Construction and Building Materials 146 (August 2017): 764–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.04.025.

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34

Tsvetkov, Nikolay, Andrei Khutornoi, Alexandr Kozlobrodov, Sergei Romanenko, Yuri Shefer, and Artem Golovko. "Influence of metal frame on heat protection properties of a polystyrene concrete wall." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814301005.

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The use of novel thermal-efficient building materials and technologies that allow increasing the level of thermal protection of external envelope structures and reducing the time for construction are of practical interest and represent a relevant task in the conditions of rapidly changing and increasing requirements to energy efficiency of buildings. This research aims at simulating the process of spatial heat transfer in a multilayer non-uniform structure of an external cast-in-place framed wall produced from polystyrene concrete with a stay-in-place formwork. Based on the physico-mathematical model developed with the use of ANSYS and COMSOL software complexes, parametric analysis of the impact of various factors on thermal behavior of the external wall was performed with the account of heat-stressed frame elements. The nature of temperature fields distribution in a polystyrene concrete structure was defined, and its thermal protection properties were investigated. The impact of a metal frame on thermal protection properties of a wall was found to be insignificant.

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35

Russell, Henry G., Mary Lou Ralls, and Benjamin M. Tang. "Prefabricated Bridge Elements and Systems in Japan and Europe." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1928, no. 1 (January 2005): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192800111.

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In April 2004, a scanning tour of Japan, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, and France was made to obtain information about bridge construction methods being used to minimize traffic disruption, improve work zone safety, minimize environmental impact, improve constructibility, increase quality, and lower life-cycle costs. From information obtained from the tour, 10 technologies were identified for further consideration and possible implementation into U.S. practices. These included two technologies that allow bridges to be built off site and then moved to their final location in a short time, three superstructure systems and four deck systems that facilitate faster and safer construction, and one substructure system. The two technologies for moving bridges were self-propelled modular transporters and other moving systems, including skidding or sliding, incremental launching, floating, rotating, and lifting of bridges into place. The superstructure systems included a precast concrete deck system known as the Poutre Dalle system, the use of partial-depth concrete decks prefabricated on steel or concrete beams, and U-shaped precast concrete segments with transverse ribs. The deck systems involved full-depth prefabricated concrete decks, special cast-in-place closure joint details, hybrid steel–concrete deck systems, and a multiple-level corrosion protection system. The substructure system consisted of stay-in-place precast concrete panels that serve as both formwork and structural elements for solid and hollow bridge piers.

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36

Fenu, Luigi, Eleonora Congiu, Giuseppe Carlo Marano, and Bruno Briseghella. "Shell-supported footbridges." Curved and Layered Structures 7, no. 1 (November 9, 2020): 199–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cls-2020-0017.

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AbstractArchitects and engineers have been always attracted by concrete shell structures due to their high efficiency and plastic shapes. In this paper the possibility to use concrete shells to support footbridges is explored. Starting from Musmeci’s fundamental research and work in shell bridge design, the use of numerical form-finding methods is analysed. The form-finding of a shell-supported footbridge shaped following Musmeci’s work is first introduced. Coupling Musmeci’s and Nervi’s experiences, an easy construction method using a stay-in-place ferrocement formwork is proposed. Moreover, the advantage of inserting holes in the shell through topology optimization to remove less exploited concrete has been considered. Curved shell-supported footbridges have been also studied, and the possibility of supporting the deck with the shell top edge, that is along a single curve only, has been investigated. The form-finding of curved shell-supported footbridges has been performed using a Particle-Spring System and Thrust Network Analysis. Finally, the form-finding of curved shell-supported footbridges subjected to both vertical and horizontal forces (i.e. earthquake action) has been implemented.

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37

El-Zefzafy, Hend, Hamdy M. Mohamed, and Radhouane Masmoudi. "Evaluation Effects of the Short- and Long-Term Freeze-Thaw Exposure on the Axial Behavior of Concrete-Filled Glass Fiber-Reinforced-Polymer Tubes." Journal of Composites 2013 (October 30, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/340672.

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Previous studies have demonstrated the high performance of the concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tubes (CFFTs) as a stay-in-place formwork and confining material for concrete structures. However, there are several concerns related to the behavior of CFFT as a protective jacket against harsh environmental effects. The environmental effects such as freeze-thaw cycles and deicing salt solutions may affect materials properties, which may affect the structural response of CFFT members as well. This paper presents the test results of experimental investigation on the durability of short- and long-term behaviors of CFFT members. Test variables included the effect of confining using GFRP tubes, freeze-thaw cycles exposure in salt water, and the number of freeze-thaw cycles. CFFT cylinders (150 × 300 mm) were prepared and exposed to 100 and 300 freeze-thaw cycles in salt water condition. Then, pure axial compression tests were conducted in order to evaluate the performance of specimens due to freeze-thaw exposure, by comparing the stress-strain behavior and their ultimate load capacities. Test results indicated that the confinement using CFFT technique significantly protected the concrete when subjected to freeze-thaw exposure.

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Widodo, Slamet. "Bond Strength between Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete Substrate and Self-Compacting Concrete as Topping Layer." Advances in Civil Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7015254.

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Structural performance evaluation of composite concrete slabs that were constructed using partially precast concreting system which utilized Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (HyFRLWAC) as stay in-place formwork and self-compacting concrete (SCC) as topping layer was conducted in this research. This paper focused on determining the appropriate strength limit criteria of interface between two different concrete layers. The tensile strength was tested using pull-off test, while concrete cohesion was investigated based on modified bisurface shear test, and dual L-shaped shear test was used to determine the effect of normal force on the shear strength of concrete interface. Sample variants were designed based on the substrate surface conditions, compressive strength of the topping layer, and magnitude of perpendicular normal force acting on interface area. The substrate surfaces were prepared in as-placed and grooved conditions for tensile test, cohesion, and shear strength test. Test results indicate that tensile strength, cohesion, and shear strength of the concrete interface are affected by surface condition of the substrate, compressive strength of the topping layer, and the normal force acting perpendicularly on the concrete interface area. Proposed formulation for bond strength prediction between HyFRLWAC as substrate and SCC as topping layer is also presented in this paper.

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Caluk, Nerma, Islam M. Mantawy, and Atorod Azizinamini. "Cyclic Test of Concrete Bridge Column Utilizing Ultra-High Performance Concrete Shell." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 2 (February 2020): 158–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198120906088.

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Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is a durable material that can be used in constructing new and unique structural elements. This research utilizes UHPC to construct prefabricated shells that act as stay-in-place forms for bridge columns and eliminate the use of traditional formwork. These innovative structural elements reduce the on-site construction time, improve the structural performance of the column, and act as a protective layer in aggressive environments. Generally, during the construction process, the prefabricated UHPC shell is placed around the column reinforcement, which is fabricated using conventional methods. To connect the UHPC shell and column reinforcement with the footing and footing dowels, a step made of UHPC is utilized. The UHPC step connection is designed to shift the plastic hinge away from the column-to-footing interface. In the next stage, normal concrete is cast inside the shell, forming a concrete-filled UHPC shell. The final stage of construction involves placing and connecting a prefabricated cap-beam using the same UHPC step connection. The column specimen was tested under constant axial load and incremental lateral load. In this test, the UHPC shell cracked on the north side at a drift ratio of 3%; however, the column had a significant capacity and behaved similarly to a conventional reinforced concrete column during higher cycles of drift ratios. The test was completed after the column had reached a drift ratio of 7.5% when the first bar ruptured. No damage occurred in the footing and UHPC step which proved that the design was successful in shifting the plastic hinge away from the column-to-footing interface.

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Tonkih, Gennadij P., and Denis A. Chesnokov. "An experimental study of a shear connection of steel-reinforced concrete slabs with angle shear studs." Vestnik MGSU, no. 2 (February 2021): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2021.2.144-152.

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Introduction. Angle shear studs, attachable by powder-actuated fasteners, are used as an alternative to traditional welded elements ensuring the shear connection of steel-reinforced concrete slabs. The objective is to revise their strength characteristics for different options of steel-reinforced concrete slab designs pursuant to SP 266.1325800.2016. Materials and methods. The programme of laboratory tests was developed in compliance with GOST R 58336-2018 to identify the strength behaviour of angle shear studs. Static shear testing of angle studs was performed at the LISMIiK laboratory of the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering using universal servo-hydraulic reconfigurable testing machine MTS.Multiaxial.DS1.4811.DS1.50019, designated for the testing of static and dynamic loads applied to large constructions. Displacements were measured by a tripod-mounted piston-type indicator. Results. The programme of theoretical and experimental research into the behaviour of a shear connection with angle shear studs in steel-reinforced concrete slabs that also had steel deck profile sheets was developed on the basis of the analysis of regulatory documents and sources of research information. Laboratory tests showed that the strength of the shear connection in an angle stud depends not only on the geometry of the steel deck, used as the stay-in-place formwork, but also on the position of a shear stud in the deck. Conclusions. The results of the theoretical and experimental research can be used to obtain new information about the strength and deformability of angle shear studs, connected by powder-actuated fasteners with the help of high strength expansion anchors; they allow to revise the currently used provisions governing the calculation of the reduction factor pursuant to SP 266.1325800.2016 with account taken of the design parameters of a shear connection.

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Zhang, Pu, Yanli Su, Ye Liu, Danying Gao, and Shamim Ahmed Sheikh. "Flexural behavior of GFRP reinforced concrete beams with CFRP grid-reinforced ECC stay-in-place formworks." Composite Structures 277 (December 2021): 114653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114653.

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Sylaj, Valon, and Amir Fam. "Structural performance of sandwich wall made of concrete cast in between GFRP facings." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials, September 2, 2021, 109963622110447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10996362211044745.

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The structural performance of concrete walls reinforced with pultruded glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) ribbed plates on either side has been experimentally investigated. The GFRP plates were used as a stay-in-place (SIP) structural formwork replacing internal steel reinforcement. The pultruded flat plates incorporated 51 mm deep T-shape ribs on one side, spaced at 100 mm, which provided interlocking with concrete. Six 3000 × 616 mm panels, either 150 or 200 mm thick, were tested in bending ( M), under axial compression ( N) and under combined loads to establish the completed ( M- N) failure envelope of the wall. The effect of surface treatment of the GFRP forms was also investigated. It resulted in full composite action with no concrete slip, reaching 30% higher flexural strength than untreated panels. The effect of reinforcement ratio was studied by varying wall thickness. In all panel tests, diagonal concrete shear cracking occurred and propagated into a horizontal delamination above the GFRP ribs. Slenderness effect and secondary moments were accounted for in developing the ( M- N) interaction curve. Initially, M increased by 25% as N increased from zero to 17% of pure axial strength. Then, M reduced linearly to zero at pure N as concrete crushing occurred when the GFRP compression plate separated from the ribs and buckled outwards at midspan. A simplified design approach is also presented.

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