Academic literature on the topic 'STC-1'

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Journal articles on the topic "STC-1"

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ALFELLANI, MOHAMMED A., ALISON S. JACOB, NATALI ORTIZ PEREA, ROSINA C. KRECEK, DERYA TANER-MULLA, JACO J. VERWEIJ, BRUNO LEVECKE, EGBERT TANNICH, C. GRAHAM CLARK, and C. RUNE STENSVOLD. "Diversity and distribution of Blastocystis sp. subtypes in non-human primates." Parasitology 140, no. 8 (April 8, 2013): 966–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182013000255.

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SUMMARYBlastocystis SSU-rDNA sequence data from 317 captive and free-living non-human primates (NHPs) representing 30 genera of apes, Old and New World (OW and NW) monkeys and prosimians were analysed to investigate subtype (ST) and allele distribution among hosts. Excluding 20 mixed ST infections, 27% of the sequences belonged to ST1, 22% to ST2, 34% to ST3, 1% to ST4, 4% to ST5, 11% to ST8, <1% to ST13 and 1% to ST15. The study confirmed cryptic host specificity of ST1 and ST3; conversely, considerable overlap in ST2 alleles exists among humans and NHPs. Subtype distribution in humans and NHPs differs mainly in that ST4 is rarely reported in NHPs while ST5 and ST8 are both unusual in humans. This may be due to host specificity and/or the apparent geographically restricted range of some subtypes. While the distribution of ST1, ST2 and ST3 was independent of NHP group or geographical association, ST5 was seen only in apes and OW monkeys and ST8 primarily in arboreal NHPs and only in species native to Asia or South America.
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Gagliardi, Anthony D., Evan Y. W. Kuo, Sanda Raulic, Graham F. Wagner, and Gabriel E. DiMattia. "Human stanniocalcin-2 exhibits potent growth-suppressive properties in transgenic mice independently of growth hormone and IGFs." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 288, no. 1 (January 2005): E92—E105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00268.2004.

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Stanniocalcin (STC)-2 was discovered by its primary amino acid sequence identity to the hormone STC-1. The function of STC-2 has not been examined; thus we generated two lines of transgenic mice overexpressing human (h)STC-2 to gain insight into its potential functions through identification of overt phenotypes. Analysis of mouse Stc2 gene expression indicates that, unlike Stc1, it is not highly expressed during development but exhibits overlapping expression with Stc1 in adult mice, with heart and skeletal muscle exhibiting highest steady-state levels of Stc2 mRNA. Constitutive overexpression of hSTC-2 resulted in pre- and postnatal growth restriction as early as embryonic day 12.5, progressing such that mature hSTC-2-transgenic mice are ∼45% smaller than wild-type littermates. hSTC-2 overexpression is sometimes lethal; we observed 26–34% neonatal morbidity without obvious dysmorphology. hSTC-2-induced growth retardation is associated with developmental delay, most notably cranial suture formation. Organ allometry studies show that hSTC-2-induced dwarfism is associated with testicular organomegaly and a significant reduction in skeletal muscle mass likely contributing to the dwarf phenotype. hSTC-2-transgenic mice are also hyperphagic, but this does not result in obesity. Serum Ca2+ and PO4 were unchanged in hSTC-2-transgenic mice, although STC-1 can regulate intra- and extracellular Ca2+ in mammals. Interestingly, severe growth retardation induced by hSTC-2 is not associated with a decrease in GH or IGF expression. Consequently, similar to STC-1, STC-2 can act as a potent growth inhibitor and reduce intramembranous and endochondral bone development and skeletal muscle growth, implying that these tissues are specific physiological targets of stanniocalcins.
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Xiao, Li-Juan, Jin-Xiang Yuan, Xin-Xin Song, Yin-Chuan Li, Zhao-Yuan Hu, and Yi-Xun Liu. "Expression and regulation of stanniocalcin 1 and 2 in rat uterus during embryo implantation and decidualization." Reproduction 131, no. 6 (June 2006): 1137–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.01100.

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Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a recently discovered polypeptide hormone, while stanniocalcin-2 (STC-2) is a subsequently identified homologue of stanniocalcin-1. Although previous studies have shown that both STC-1 and -2 are involved in various physiological processes, such as ion transport, reproduction and development, their expression in the uterus and roles in implantation and early pregnancy are unclear. Here we have investigated the expression and regulation of both STC-1 and STC-2 in rat uterus during early pregnancy under various physiological conditions. We show that only basal levels of STC-1 and STC-2 mRNA were detected in the uterus from day one (D1) to day five (D5) of pregnancy. STC-2 immunostaining was gradually increased in the glandular epithelium from day two (D2), with a peak occurring on D5. High levels of both STC-1 and STC-2 mRNA were observed in the stoma cells at the implantation site on day six (D6) of pregnancy, whereas their immunostaining signals were also significant in the luminal epithelium. Basal levels of both STC-1 and STC-2 mRNA and STC-1 immunostaining were detected in the uterus with delayed implantation. After the delayed implantation was terminated by estrogen treatment, both STC-1 and STC-2 mRNA signals were significantly induced in the stroma underlying the luminal epithelium at the implantation site, and STC-2 immunostaining was also observed in the luminal epithelium surrounding the implanting blastocyst. Embryo transfer experiments further confirmed that STC-1 and STC-2 expression at the implantation sites was induced by the implanting blastocyst. Both STC-1 mRNA and immunostaining were seen in the decidualized cells from day seven (D7) to day nine (D9) of pregnancy. STC-2 mRNA was also found in the whole decidua from D7 to D9 of pregnancy; STC-2 protein, however, was strictly localized to the primary deciduas on D7 and D8, with a weak expression in the whole deciduas on D9. Consistent with the normal pregnancy process, strong STC-1 and STC-2 mRNA signals were detected in the decidualized cells under artificial decidualization, whereas only basal levels of STC-1 mRNA and immunostaining were observed in the control horn. These data suggest, for the first time, that STC-1 together with STC-2 may play important roles in the processes of implantation and decidualization in the rat.
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Sazonova, Olga, Kathi A. James, Christopher R. McCudden, Daniel Segal, Asghar Talebian, and Graham F. Wagner. "Stanniocalcin-1 secretion and receptor regulation in kidney cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 294, no. 4 (April 2008): F788—F794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00553.2007.

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Kidney collecting duct principal cells are the main source of stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) production and secretion. From there, the hormone targets thick ascending limb and distal convoluted tubule cells, as well as collecting duct cells. More specifically, STC-1 targets their mitochondria to exert putative antiapoptotic effects. Two distal tubule cell lines serve as models of STC-1 production and/or mechanism of action. Madin-Darby canine kidney-1 (MDCK-1) cells mimic collecting duct cells in their synthesis of STC-1 ligand and receptor, whereas inner medullary collecting duct-3 (IMCD-3) cells respond to additions of STC-1 by increasing their respiration rate. In the present study, MDCK cell STC-1 secretion was examined under normal and hypertonic conditions, vectorally, and in response to hormones and signal transduction pathway activators/inhibitors. STC-1 receptor regulation was monitored in both cell lines in response to changing ligand concentration. The results showed that NaCl-induced hypertonicity had concentration-dependent stimulatory effects on STC-1 secretion, as did the PKC activator TPA. Calcium and ionomycin were inhibitory, whereas calcium receptor agonists had no effect. Angiotensin II, aldosterone, atrial natriuretic factor, antidiuretic hormone, and forskolin also had no effects. Moreover, STC-1 secretion exhibited no vectoral preference. STC-1 receptors were insensitive to homologous downregulation in both cell lines. In contrast, they were upregulated when STC-1 secretion was inhibited by calcium. The findings suggest that hypertonicity-induced STC-1 secretion is regulated through PKC activation and that high intracellular calcium levels are a potent inhibitor of release. More intriguingly, the results suggest that the receptor may not accompany STC-1 in its passage to the mitochondria.
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Moreau, Jason M., Waseem Iqbal, Jeffrey K. Turner, Graham F. Wagner, and John Ciriello. "Stanniocalcin-1 in the subfornical organ inhibits the dipsogenic response to angiotensin II." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 303, no. 9 (November 1, 2012): R921—R928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00057.2012.

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Recently, receptors for the calcium-regulating glycoprotein hormone stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) have been found within subfornical organ (SFO), a central structure involved in the regulation of electrolyte and body fluid homeostasis. However, whether SFO neurons produce STC-1 and how STC-1 may function in fluid homeostasis are not known. Two series of experiments were done in Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate whether STC-1 is expressed within SFO and whether it exerts an effect on water intake. In the first series, experiments were done to determine whether STC-1 was expressed within cells in SFO using immunohistochemistry, and whether protein and gene expression for STC-1 existed in SFO using Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Cells containing STC-1 immunoreactivity were found throughout the rostrocaudal extent of SFO. STC-1 protein expression within SFO was confirmed with Western blot, and SFO was also found to express STC-1 mRNA. In the second series, microinjections (200 nl) of STC-1, ANG II, a combination of the two or the vehicle were made into SFO in conscious, unrestrained rats. Water intake was measured at 0700 for a 1-h period after each injection in animals. Microinjections of STC-1 (17.6 or 176 nM) alone had no effect on water intake compared with controls. However, STC-1 not only attenuated the drinking responses to ANG II for about 30 min, but also decreased the total water intake over the 1-h period. These data suggest that STC-1 within the SFO may act in a paracrine/autocrine manner to modulate the neuronal responses to blood-borne ANG II. These findings also provide the first direct evidence of a physiological role for STC-1 in central regulation of body fluid homeostasis.
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Westberg, Johan A., Martina Serlachius, Petri Lankila, and Leif C. Andersson. "Hypoxic preconditioning induces elevated expression of stanniocalcin-1 in the heart." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293, no. 3 (September 2007): H1766—H1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00017.2007.

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Animals exposed for a few hours to low oxygen content (8%) develop resistance against further ischemic myocardial damage. The molecular mechanism(s) behind this phenomenon, known as hypoxic preconditioning (HOPC), is still incompletely understood. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is an evolutionarily conserved glycoprotein originally discovered in fish, in which it regulates calcium/phosphate homeostasis and protects against toxic hypercalcemia. Our group originally reported expression of mammalian STC-1 in brain neurons and showed that STC-1 is a prosurvival factor that guards neurons against hypercalcemic and hypoxic damage. This study investigates the involvement of STC-1 in HOPC-induced cardioprotection. Wild-type mice and IL-6-deficient ( Il-6−/−) mice were kept in hypoxic conditions (8% O2) for 6 h. Myocardial Stc-1 mRNA expression was quantified during hypoxia and after recovery. HOPC triggered a biphasic upregulation of Stc-1 expression in hearts of wild-type mice but not in those of Il-6−/−mice. Treatment of cardiomyocyte cells in culture with hypoxia or IL-6 elicited an Stc-1 response, and ectopically expressed STC-1 in HL-1 cells localized to the mitochondria. Our findings indicate that IL-6-induced expression of STC-1 is one molecular mechanism behind the ischemic tolerance generated by HOPC in the heart.
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Zaidi, Deenaz, Jeffrey K. Turner, Michelle A. Durst, and Graham F. Wagner. "Stanniocalcin-1 Co-Localizes with Insulin in the Pancreatic Islets." ISRN Endocrinology 2012 (October 16, 2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/834359.

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The polypeptide hormone stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is widely expressed in mammals and signals both locally and systemically. In many tissues STC-1 ligand is sequestered by target cell organelles (mitochondria, nuclei, and cholesterol lipid droplets) to exert diverse biological effects. Most notably, STC-1 serves as an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation in liver, muscle, and kidney mitochondria. The present paper describes the identification of STC-1 receptors in mouse pancreatic β cells and the discovery that the ligand co-localizes with insulin in pancreatic β cells. In situ hybridization (ISH) analysis subsequently revealed that pancreatic β cells were the source of the ligand. Intriguingly however, all ISH signal was localized over putative islet cell nuclei as opposed to the cell cytoplasm. Real-time qPCR and agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that the STC-1 amplicon generated from islet cell total RNA was the same size as that from kidney. However, relative levels of STC-1 gene expression were >100-fold lower in islets than those in kidney tissue. Collectively, these findings are indicative of a local STC-1 signalling pathway in pancreatic β cells. The role of STC-1 in this context remains to be established, but it could very well entail the regulation of β cell mitochondria membrane potential which is an integral aspect of regulated insulin release. Interestingly, STC-1 immunoreactivity was not evident in embryonic pancreatic islets, suggesting that ligand synthesis may only commence postnatally.
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Khatun, Masuma, Riikka K. Arffman, Darja Lavogina, Marika Kangasniemi, Johanna Laru, Anne Ahtikoski, Siri Lehtonen, et al. "Women with polycystic ovary syndrome present with altered endometrial expression of stanniocalcin-1†." Biology of Reproduction 102, no. 2 (October 9, 2019): 306–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biolre/ioz180.

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Abstract Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1) is a pro-survival factor that protects tissues against stressors, such as hypoxia and inflammation. STC-1 is co-expressed with the endometrial receptivity markers, and recently endometrial STC-1 was reported to be dysregulated in endometriosis, a condition linked with endometrial progesterone resistance and inflammation. These features are also common in the endometrium in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disorder in women. Given that women with PCOS present with subfertility, pregnancy complications, and increased risk for endometrial cancer, we investigated endometrial STC-1 expression in affected women. Endometrial biopsy samples were obtained from women with PCOS and controls, including samples from overweight/obese women with PCOS before and after a 3-month lifestyle intervention. A total of 98 PCOS and 85 control samples were used in immunohistochemistry, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, or in vitro cell culture. STC-1 expression was analyzed at different cycle phases and in endometrial stromal cells (eSCs) after steroid hormone exposure. The eSCs were also challenged with 8-bromo-cAMP and hypoxia for STC-1 expression. The findings indicate that STC-1 expression is not steroid hormone mediated although secretory-phase STC-1 expression was blunted in PCOS. Lower expression seems to be related to attenuated STC-1 response to stressors in PCOS eSCs, shown as downregulation of protein kinase A activity. The 3-month lifestyle intervention did not restore STC-1 expression in PCOS endometrium. More studies are warranted to further elucidate the mechanisms behind the altered endometrial STC-1 expression and rescue mechanism in the PCOS endometrium.
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Nargesi, Arash Aghajani, Xiang-Yang Zhu, Sabena M. Conley, John R. Woollard, Ishran M. Saadiq, Lilach O. Lerman, and Alfonso Eirin. "Renovascular disease induces mitochondrial damage in swine scattered tubular cells." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 317, no. 5 (November 1, 2019): F1142—F1153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00276.2019.

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Scattered tubular-like cells (STCs) contribute to repair neighboring injured renal tubular cells. Mitochondria mediate STC biology and function but might be injured by the ambient milieu. We hypothesized that the microenviroment induced by the ischemic and metabolic components of renovascular disease impairs STC mitochondrial structure and function in swine, which can be attenuated with mitoprotection. CD24+/CD133+ STCs were quantified in pig kidneys after 16 wk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or lean diet (Lean) with or without concurrent renal artery stenosis (RAS) ( n = 6 each). Pig STCs were isolated and characterized, and mitochondrial structure, membrane potential, and oxidative stress were assessed in cells untreated or incubated with the mitoprotective drug elamipretide (1 nM for 6 h). STC-protective effects were assessed in vitro by their capacity to proliferate and improve viability of injured pig tubular epithelial cells. The percentage of STCs was higher in MetS, Lean + RAS, and MetS + RAS kidneys compared with Lean kidneys. STCs isolated from Lean + RAS and MetS + RAS pigs showed mitochondrial swelling and decreased matrix density, which were both restored by mitoprotection. In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production were reduced and production of reactive oxygen species elevated in MetS, Lean + RAS, and MetS + RAS STCs. Importantly, mitoprotection improved mitochondrial structure and function as well as the capacity of MetS + RAS STCs to repair injured tubular cells in vitro. Renovascular disease in swine is associated with a higher prevalence of STCs but induces structural and functional alterations in STC mitochondria, which impair their reparative potency. These observations suggest a key role for mitochondria in the renal reparative capacity of STCs.
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Mamo, S., A. Al Naib, L. O'Hara, T. Fair, and P. Lonergan. "194 EXPRESSION OF STANNIOCALCIN FAMILY GENES DURING PREIMPLANTATION STAGE BOVINE EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 23, no. 1 (2011): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv23n1ab194.

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Stanniocalcins (STC) are a small family of secreted homodimeric glycoprotein hormones consisting of STC1 and STC2. A previous study in Drosophila (Tolias and Stroumbakis 1998 Dev. Genes Evol. 208, 274–282) indicated that maternally derived STC is required during embryogenesis. However, little information is available for mammalian embryos. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of STC and assess their roles during the preimplantation stage of bovine embryo development. Immature cumulus–oocyte complexes were aspirated from follicles of bovine ovaries collected at a local abattoir and matured in vitro for 24 h at 39°C under an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air with maximum humidity in TCM-199 supplemented with 10% (vol/vol) fetal calf serum and 10 ng mL–1 of epidermal growth factor. Matured cumulus–oocyte complexes were inseminated with fertile bull semen (Day 0). Embryos were cultured in vitro, and subsequently, 4 pools of 10 embryos each at the zygote, 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, 16-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages were collected from 4 different replicate cultures and stored at –80°C until analysis. Total RNA was isolated using an RNeasy Micro Kit and a random primer was used during cDNA synthesis. The expression of STC1, STC2, and reference genes (YWHAZ, PPIA, SDHA) was examined. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to compare transcript abundance, and data were normalized to the geometric averages of the reference genes. The expression levels were analysed using the relative standard curve method, and means were compared using Student’s t-test. Despite being members of the same family and having large sequence similarity, the expression of each gene was unique and stage dependent during embryo development. Expression of STC1 was detected in all the stages examined. Expression was transiently reduced at the 2-cell stage, with no significant change until the 8-cell stage but with a slight increase at the 16-cell stage. In contrast, STC2 was barely detectable before the 8-cell stage. Expression at the 8- and 16-cell stages was significantly (P < 0.0001) higher compared with all other stages, with a peak at the 16-cell stage. This significantly higher expression pattern of STC2 during the critical stages of maternal to zygotic control of development may suggest an important role during this critical period of embryo development. Supported by Science Foundation Ireland (07/SRC/B1156).
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "STC-1"

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Catherman, Colin M. "Short and Long Chain Free Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY Transcript Levels in Enteroendocrine Cells (STC-1)." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4797.

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The regulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY hormone levels are regulated based on different influential factors, but primarily levels are dependent upon ingested food content. As meals today become more fat-enriched, there is greater requirement for evaluation of these hormones that regulate insulin and satiety levels within the body. We have shown that the gene expression transcript production of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY are modulated by different concentrations, and times of short-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids. Although the peptide hormone levels have the influential physiological role on effector tissue, the regulation of these hormones begins at the transcript levels. Recent research indicates that glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY hormones are altered in response to different free-fatty acids. The present investigation generally demonstrated an overall decrease in both hormones after chronic exposure to fatty acids. Intestinal secretin tumor cell line (STC-1 cells) was used as a representative for intestinal L-cells. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was used to determine the changes in RNA transcripts. Overall, there was a decrease in the 3-hour timeline, which continued to decrease in the 16-hour and 24-hour timelines for glucagon-like peptide-1. Peptide YY transcript expression in 3-hours increased significantly after exposure to propionate, a significant decrease after exposure to acetate, and no significant increase or decrease after exposure to butyrate. However, there was a significant decrease in peptide YY once reaching 24-hour exposure. It was determined there is a threshold for different concentrations of free-fatty acids to influence glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY production, which was present in the different concentrations of butyrate. Lastly, exposure to both concentrations of linolenic acid caused a significant decrease in glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY.
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Yu, Irene Lok Yan. "Contribution of distal promoter elements to transcriptional regulation of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide in intestinal STC-1 cells." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/17408.

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Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic metabolic disorders that are characterized by high blood glucose resulting from a lack of or insufficient secretion of insulin, which is a source of medical and financial burden to more than 285 million people worldwide. Current treatments for diabetes include lifestyle modifications, medication, and insulin therapy, but these treatments do not save patients from diabetic complications including blindness, limb amputations, circulatory disorders, and increased risk of developing kidney failure, cardiovascular diseases, and neuropathies. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a gastrointestinal hormone that plays an integral role in the finely-tuned secretion of insulin following a meal, and the cells that express GIP have demonstrated potential for being a target for insulin gene therapy. Understanding how the GIP gene is regulated will provide insights into the defining characteristics of GIP-expressing cells and how these can be harnessed for therapy. In the present study, two enhancer cis-regulatory elements which accounted for 40-65% of GIP promoter activity were identified in a previously uncharacterized well-conserved region of the distal 5’ upstream rat GIP promoter by a series of luciferase reporter studies. Pax6 and Pdx1, two transcription factors that have been previously shown to be important for GIP expression, were shown to bind at these sites using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, mutational analysis, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. The development of a fluorescence-based isolation technique for primary GIP-expressing cells was documented. Cell numbers (20,000 – 35,000) were purified for the isolation of RNA in sufficient quantity and quality (80-140 ng, and RNA integrity number = 6.8-7.9, respectively) for microarray. The feasibility of isolating primary GIP-expressing cells presents a model which would allow for non-biased screening for the identification of additional trans-regulatory elements which may act at well-established and newly characterized cis-regulatory elements.
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Khaksari, Mohammadreza. "Analysis of Communication Architecture of GCDC 2011." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4797.

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This thesis report presents a method to analyze the communication architecture for the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). The report also includes a case study on ASN.1 notation and analysis of its encoding rules. Included in the report is also: (i) accompanying instruction on how to use ASN.1 compilers to produce the C/C++ message encoder/decoder, and (ii) analysis of Non-IP communications of Communication Access for Land Mobiles (CALM-FAST) protocol stack in ITS. The thesis is a part of the research project entitled “SCOOP”, a joint project between SCANIA CV AB and KTH. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to the ultimate goal, which is to equip a vehicle with necessary hardware and software technology to provide a platooning behavior in the GCDC 2011 competition. This goal is achieved by the means of wireless communication system for both vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to road side units communications in the platoon. Overall, this thesis introduces the important usage of ASN.1 in implementation of cut-edge telecommunication systems especially in V2V and V2I communication; and clarifies the CALM-FAST protocol stack in mobile nodes.
Kartlägga CALM-FAST protokollet och hur det användes tillsammans med den i tävlingen GCDC 2011 fastslanga kommunikationsprotokollet. GCDC var ett tävling i kooperativ körning arrangerad och initierad av Hollänska TNO och gick ut på att få fordon att agera tillsammans beserat på information sänt via WLAN 802.11p. ASN.1 användes och ingick i analysen.
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Spengler, Joseph R. "Diabetes-Induced Expression and Regulation of GLP-1 levels by Bile Acid Receptors (TGR5 & FXR)." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4776.

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Diabetes Mellitus has continued to drastically affect the health of the world and many complications can prove fatal. As long as this metabolic disease persist, research discoveries will need to continue to be made so that patient outcomes and healthcare are dramatically enhanced. In recent years, GLP-1 has been the topic of conversation for diabetes research, due to its promising effects in promoting insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, bile acids and their receptors (TGR5 & FXR) have shown promise in their actions in the regulation of GLP-1, and thus glucose homeostasis. Here we have shown the detection and increased expression of TGR5 and GLP-1, and decreased expression of FXR in diabetic mouse intestinal mucosa tissues. We have also shown the detection and increased expression of these receptors in STC-1 cells. More importantly we have linked the connection of increased glucose concentration (hyperglycemia) to increased TGR5 activation to increased GLP-1 release, thus leading to increased insulin sensitivity and altered diabetic outcomes.
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Tsoukalas, Michail. "Recherche de sécrétagogues naturels du GLP-1 : exploration du potentiel antidiabétique d'espèces du genre Cynanchum (Apocynaceae)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF047/document.

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Dans le cadre de la recherche de composés pouvant stimuler la sécrétion de l’hormone hypoglycémiante GLP-1 (glucagon-like-peptide 1) et sur des critères ethno-pharmacologiques et taxonomiques, différentes Asclepiadoidées ont été criblées sur un modèle cellulaire (lignée STC-1). Cette approche nous a permis de sélectionner deux espèces de Cynanchum malgaches. L’isolement bio-guidé de C. marnierianum a conduit à la purification de 2 nouveaux glycosides prégnaniques, les marnieranosides. L’exploration phytochimique de C. menarandrense a permis l’identification de 5 nouvelles structures prégnaniques et de 2 prégnanes déjà signalés dans un genre taxonomiquement proche et hypoglycémiant : Caralluma. Les prégnanes purifiés ont aussi été évalués pour leur effet sécrétagogue GLP-1 et cytotoxique mais seuls les marnieranosides se sont avérés bioactifs. Des analogies structurales entre les molécules identifiées dans le genre Cynanchum et des molécules bioactives isolées au préalable d’espèces antidiabétiques (genres Hoodia et Caralluma) valident notre stratégie pour la découverte des métabolites secondaires avec un potentiel antidiabétique
In the framework of our search for antidiabetic compounds capable of stimulating the secretion of the hypoglycemic hormone GLP-1 (glucagon-like-peptide 1), based on ethnopharmacological and taxomic criteria, several Asclepiadoidae plants were screened with an in vitro model (STC-1 cell line). This approach led to the selection of two Malagasy Cynanchum species.Bio-guided fractionation of C. marnierianum led to the purification of two new pregnane glycosides named marnieranosides. The phytochemical study of C. menarandrense led to the identification of 5 new pregnane structures along with 2 pregnanes previously reported in the closely related and hypoglycemic Caralluma genus. The isolated pregnanes were evaluated for their GLP-1 secretagogue and cytotoxic activity but only the marnieranosides were proven bioactive. Structural similarities of the Cynanchum pregnanes with the ones previously isolated from antidiabetic plants (Hoodia and Caralluma), validated our approach for the discovery of secondary metabolites with antidiabetic potential
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Némoz-Gaillard, Éric. "Mécanismes cellulaires de la sécrétion de cholécystokinine intestinale." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T081.

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Juteräng, David. "STM Study of PTCDA on Pb/Si(111) 1×1." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-16179.

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The interaction and orbital energy levels of 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on a Pb/Si(111) 1x1 substrate have been investigated. A Si(111) sample was annealed to form the 7x7 configuration. 1.5 monolayer of Pb was evaporated onto the surface, which was then annealed. 0.5 monolayer of PTCDA was applied to the substrate through molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The surface configuration of the substrate was monitored step by step by low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) was used to pinpoint the energy levels of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the molecules. It was found that the PTCDA molecules formed a herringbone pattern on the substrate. The PTCDA electronic energy levels corresponding to the HOMO and the LUMO were obtained. From these values the energy gap between these orbitals, the molecular bandgap of PTCDA on Pb/Si(111) 1x1, was determined.
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Keskin, Eda. "Läsinlärning i årskurs 1 : En kvalitativ jämförelsestudie om läsinlärning hos svenska och turkiska lågstadielärare." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap (from 2013), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-37950.

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The purpose of this study is to compare methods and working materials that a number of Swedish and Turkish educators are using in order to teach reading skills in first grade. It also aims to examine how educators stimulate students’ interest in reading. The study is based on four interviews with teachers from both Sweden and Turkey, where they all teach in first grade. Differences and similarities in the answers from the interviews are compiled in a table. The results of the study shows that the educators uses several different methods in order to teach reading skills. We can also see in this study is that the methods that the educators choose to work with is not essential for the result. It is the competence of the educators that is the most important object to teach reading skills. The results also shows that the process of learning to read in Sweden and Turkey do not differ significantly from each other. It was found that almost all educators uses reading books, books letter, reading for home works and reading aloud in reading lesson. The study also shows that the biggest difference between Turkey and Sweden in way of teaching reading skills is the curricula for the reading skills.
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Winbäck, Gustav. "Är STCW-kraven i STCW A-III/1 uppfyllda i kursplanerna? : En litteraturstudie om Sjöfartshögskolan i Kalmars kursplaner och STCW-koden." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Sjöfartshögskolan (SJÖ), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65544.

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Huvudfrågeställningen i studien var om Sjöfartshögskolan i Kalmar kursplaner uppfyller de krav som ställs i STCW del A-III/1 på utbildningsprogrammen för sjöingenjörer. Syftet med arbetet var att verifiera Sjöfartshögskolan i Kalmars kursplaners uppfyllelse av STCW-kraven enligt del A-III/1 för sjöingenjörer. Metoden som användes var en kvalitativ litteraturstudie där de i STCW uppställda kraven enligt del A-III/1 studerades och jämfördes med kursplanerna inom utbildningsprogrammet för sjöingenjörer på Sjöfartshögskolan i Kalmar.  Resultatet som framkom var att 72 % av kraven i A-III/1 var uppfyllda i kursplanerna för Sjöingenjörsprogrammet i Kalmar. Min rekommendation är att kursplanerna ses över och justeras för att bättre stämma överens med STCW-kraven, för att säkerhetsställa att kvaliteten på utbildningen är hög och konstant.
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Schlaup, Christian Georg [Verfasser]. "n situ STM-Untersuchungen ultradünner Münzmetallchalkogenidfilme auf Au(1 0 0) und Au(1 1 1)-Elektrodenoberflächen / Christian Georg Schlaup." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1016248881/34.

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Books on the topic "STC-1"

1

Gajic, Dragan. Proglucagon gene expression in STC-1 cells, an intestinal-derived neuroendocrine cell line. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1993.

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Raphaēlidēs, Angelos Raphaēl. To anthrōpino agathon sto dialogo Gorgia kai sta prōta vivlia 1-4 tēs Politeias tou Platōna. Athēna: Paraskēnio, 1994.

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Korf, Andreĭ. Sto oskolkov odnogo chuvstva: Ėroticheskie ėti͡u︡dy NoNo 1-50. Moskva: B.S.K., 1999.

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Fuetrer, Ulrich. Lannzilet (aus dem Buch der Abenteuer) str. 1-1122. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1989.

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Karl-Eckhard, Lenk, and Füetrer Ulrich 15th cent, eds. Lannzilet: (aus dem "Buch der Abenteuer"), Str. 1-1122. Tübingen: M. Niemeyer, 1989.

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Korf, Andreĭ. Sto oskolkov odnogo chuvstva: Ėroticheskie ėti︠u︡dy NoNo 1-52. Moskva: Prodolzhenie zhizni, 2003.

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Rosas, Roberto. Direito sumular: Comentários às súmulas do STF, 1 a 621. 3rd ed. São Paulo: Editora Revista dos Tribunais, 1986.

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Thors, Jakob. Kreditering af musikværker på radio og tv: Ophavsretslovens [paragraph] 3, stk. 1. København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag, 2011.

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Max fnd 2 stk challenge trade book grade 1: Harcourt school publishers storytown. [Place of publication not identified]: Holt Mcdougal, 2006.

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Militar, Brazil Superior Tribunal. STM, Regimento interno: Diário da justiça de 14-1-1985 : atualizado pela Emenda Regimental no. 1, de 12-3-1985. São Paulo-SP: Editora Saraiva, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "STC-1"

1

McCarthy, Triona, Brian D. Green, Danielle Calderwood, Anna Gillespie, John F. Cryan, and Linda Giblin. "STC-1 Cells." In The Impact of Food Bioactives on Health, 211–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16104-4_19.

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Eargle, John M. "Sound Transmission Class (STC) Curves." In Electroacoustical Reference Data, 18–19. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2027-6_9.

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Champion, Terrence G., Robert J. McAulay, and Thomas F. Quatieri. "Multirate STC and Its Application to Multi-Speaker Conferencing." In Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications, 127–31. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3232-3_17.

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Raimondi, Vittoria, Sonia Minuzzo, Vincenzo Ciminale, and Donna M. D’Agostino. "STR Profiling of HTLV-1-Infected Cell Lines." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 143–54. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-6872-5_11.

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Tsuji, Shuichi, and Shou Takashima. "ST6 N-Acetylgalactosaminide Alpha-2,6-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GALNAC1)." In Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes, 715–25. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_144.

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Angata, Kiyohiko, and Minoru Fukuda. "ST3 Beta-Galactoside Alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST3GAL1)." In Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes, 637–44. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_27.

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Kitazume, Shinobu. "ST6 Beta-Galactoside Alpha-2,6-Sialyltranferase 1 (ST6GAL1)." In Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes, 693–703. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_108.

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Baenziger, Jacques U. "N-Acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfotransferase-1 (GalNAc-4-ST1, CHST8) and N-Acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfotransferase-2 (GalNAc-4-ST2, CHST9)." In Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes, 1149–55. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_5.

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Dyson, Marianne J. "The First Flight of the Space Shuttle: STS-1." In A Passion for Space, 73–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20258-7_5.

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Bobowski, Marie, Anne Harduin-Lepers, and Philippe Delannoy. "ST8 Alpha-N-Acetyl-Neuraminide Alpha-2,8-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST8SIA1)." In Handbook of Glycosyltransferases and Related Genes, 767–80. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54240-7_118.

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Conference papers on the topic "STC-1"

1

Wang, Z. Y., L. Zhang, and Y. L. Su. "EFFECT OF POLLEN TYPHAE ON 6-KETO-PGF , TXB2, TOTAL CHOLESTEROL AND HDL-C IN RABBITS WITH CHRONIC HYPERLIPIDEMIA." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643409.

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62 NZW rabbits were divided into 4 groups: (1) Control (C), (2) rabbits fed with high lipids diet (H), (3) H+pollen Typhae (H+P), (4) H+VitE (H+E). The following parameters were determined: (1) total cholesterol of aortic wall (WTC), (2) Serum TC (STC), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), (3) Plasma 6-keto-PGF1 (6-keto) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2), (4) 6-keto of aortic wall, (5) ratio of STC/HDL-C and plasma TXB2/6-ketoThe results showed that: (1) the level of WTC, STC and STC/HDL-C was significantly higher in the group H than in the group C, while that of 6-keto was lower (P < 0.01), (2) STC, WTC and plasma TXB2, TXB2 /6-keto all were significantly lower in the group H+P than m the group H, while wall's 6-keto was higher (P < 0.01).There was inverse correlation between plasma 6-keto and STC/HDL-C (P < 0.01), while positive correlation has been found between STC/HDL-C and plasma TXB2/6-keto (P < 0.05).In the group H+E, the plasma TXB2/6-keto, was lower than in the group H, the wall's 6-keto was higher, but there was no difference between the groups H+E and H+P. The STC and WTC were higher in the group H+E than in the group H+P, although lower than in the group H.It has been demonstrated in our Department that the Chinese traditional medicine Pollen Typhae had preventive effect on the experimental atherosclerosis in rabbit fed with high lipids diet, the mechanism would not only due to its effect lowering the STC, WTC and STC/HDL-C, but also to its action on the metabolism of prostaglandins. Its action on lowering STC and WTC appeared to be better than VitE, however, the latter had similar effect on the metabolism of prostaglandins as compared with Pollen Typhae.
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Huang, Sheng, Yayun Chi, Jingyan Xue, Zhimin Shao, Zhaohui Wu, and Jiong Wu. "Abstract 2341: CAPG improves breast cancer metastasis through competing with PRMT5 to activate STC-1 transcription." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2014; April 5-9, 2014; San Diego, CA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2014-2341.

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Lü, Gang, Meng Wei, Zhen Zhang, Shiyuan Li, and Xue Han. "Dose Distribution in the Spent Fuel Package Operations and the Radiation Risk Control." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16854.

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In this paper, NAC-STC (spent fuel transport cask) package operation is studied. The calculated / measured doses of different parts of the cask surface (or 1 m and 2 m away) in the course of package operation are analyzed. The radiation risk control methods are proposed to protect the operators exposed in the high dose area.
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Wan, Ling, Zhen Gao, and Torgeir Moan. "Model Test of the STC Concept in Survival Modes." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23213.

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The STC (Spar Torus Combination) concept combines a Spar floating wind turbine and a torus-shaped heaving-body wave energy converter (WEC). Numerical simulation has shown positive synergy between the WEC and the Spar floating wind turbine in operational conditions. However, in extreme wind and wave conditions, it is challenging to maintain structural integrity, especially for the WEC. To ensure survivability of this concept in extreme conditions, three survival modes have been proposed. To investigate the performance of the STC in extreme conditions, model tests with a scale factor of 1:50 were carried out in the towing tank of MARINTEK, Norway. Two survival modes were tested. In both modes, the Torus WEC was fixed to the Spar. In the first mode, the Torus WEC is at the mean water surface, while in the second mode, the Torus WEC is fully submerged to a specified position. In the tests, 6 D.O.F rigid body motions, mooring line tensions, forces in 3 directions (X, Y and Z) between the Spar and Torus were measured, wind velocity and wind force were also measured by a sensor in front of the model and a load cell installed on the wind disc. In this paper, the model test set-up for the two survival modes are described, and then decay tests, regular wave tests and the statistical tests for wind only, irregular wave only and irregular wave plus wind are presented, compared and analyzed. In the mean water level survival mode, the Torus had a small draft and large water plane area, so slamming and green water were observed as expected. In addition, Mathieu instability phenomena were observed during the regular wave test. In some large wave conditions in the fully submerged mode, no severe wave load occurred. All the results are presented in model scale unless specified, for direct comparison with numerical simulations later.
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Zapata, E., M. Arevalo, G. Grillo, and J. Chialvo. "Rotary Steerable System Performance in Tangara-1 ST3-ST4 Exploratory Well , Piedemonte, Llanos Orientales, Colombia." In 9th Simposio Bolivariano - Exploracion Petrolera en las Cuencas Subandinas. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.111.31.

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Medennikov, Ivan, Ivan Sorokin, Aleksei Romanenko, Dmitry Popov, Yuri Khokhlov, Tatiana Prisyach, Nikolay Malkovskiy, et al. "The STC System for the CHiME 2018 Challenge." In CHiME 2018 Workshop on Speech Processing in Everyday Environments. ISCA: ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/chime.2018-1.

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Ren, Tian Peng, Yong Liang Guan, Chau Yuen, and Er Yang Zhang. "Rate-1 shift group-decodable STBC." In Signal Processing (ICICS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icics.2009.5397700.

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"STA-1: Disruptive technology directions for 5G." In IEEE EUROCON 2017 -17th International Conference on Smart Technologies. IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eurocon.2017.8011157.

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Radasky, William A., and Sergio N. Longoria. "Recommended improvements for MIL-STD-188-125-1." In 2017 XXXIInd General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI GASS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ursigass.2017.8105019.

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Eng, L. M., H. Fuchs, K. D. Jandt, and J. Petermann. "Imaging Poly (1-Butene) Films by SFM/STM." In Scanned probe microscopy. AIP, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.41420.

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Reports on the topic "STC-1"

1

Lai, Jason, Wensong Yu, Kathleen Meehan, Tom Key, Aminul Huque, Jeff Smith, and Mack Grady. STI-2062-1. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1056645.

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Last, First Middle. STI Product Title - Phase 1; SBIR, UNL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1395681.

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Last, First Middle. STI Product Title - Phase 1; STTR, UNL. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1395684.

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Boyer, D. Thin section photomicrographs and descriptions for Mikkelsen Bay St #13-09-19, W Mikkelsen St #1, and Sag River St #1, Lisburne to total depth. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/22923.

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Nagahi, Morteza, Raed Jaradat, Safae El Amrani, Michael Hamilton, and Simon Goerger. Holistic and reductionist thinker : a comparison study based on individuals’ skillset and personality types. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40746.

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As organizations operate in turbulent and complex environments, it has become a necessity to assess the systems thinking (ST) skills, personality types (PTs), and demographics of practitioners. In this study, we investigated the relationship between practitioners’ ST profile, their PTs profiles and demographic characteristics in the domain of complex system problems. The objective of this study is to address the current gap in the literature – lack of studies dedicated to predicting practitioners’ ST profile based on their PTs and demographics characteristics. A total of 258 practitioners with different demographics and PTs provided the data. The results show that (1) practitioners can be classified based on their ST skills scores into two clusters: holistic and reductionist (that is, ST profile), (2) each cluster has different PTs profiles and demographic characteristics, and (3) practitioner’s ST profile can be predicted, with good accuracy, based on their PTs profile and demographic characteristics.
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Legault, Kelly, Julie D. Rosati, Jason Engle, and Tanya M. Beck. St. Johns County, St. Augustine Inlet, FL, Report 1: Historical Analysis and Sediment Budget. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada570209.

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Grosjean, E., D. S. Edwards, J. Sohn, Z. Hong, N. Jinadasa, and T. Buckler. Organic geochemical data release for Phoenix South 1 ST2 oils, Bedout Sub-basin, Australia. Geoscience Australia, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.11636/record.2019.013.

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SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE WASHINGTON DC. Communications and Information: Operational Instruction for the Secure Telephone Unit (STU-III) Type 1. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404995.

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Parks, Thomas K., and Dick Tiano. STP 4-06 Model-Based Technical Data in Procurement, 3D PDF Technology Data Demonstration Project. Phase 1 Summary. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada623350.

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Rose, D. G. Sudbury Timmins Algoma Mineral Program, Project 1: mineral inventory of the Sudbury-Timmins-Sault Ste. Marie region, Ontario. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/129999.

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