Relevant bibliographies by topics / Steady condition

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Steady condition'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Steady condition"

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Leahy, Austin L. "Steady improvement – condition stable." Surgeon 9, no. 6 (2011): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1479-666x(11)00139-9.

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Nettleton, R. E. "Information theoretic extended entropy for steady heat condition." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 21, no. 20 (1988): 3939–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/21/20/013.

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Narain, A., J. H. Kurita, M. Kivisalu, et al. "Internal Condensing Flows inside a Vertical Pipe: Experimental/Computational Investigations of the Effects of Specified and Unspecified (Free) Conditions at Exit." Journal of Heat Transfer 129, no. 10 (2007): 1352–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2755063.

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Reported experimental and computational results confirm that both the flow features and heat-transfer rates inside a condenser depend on the specification of inlet, wall, and exit conditions. The results show that the commonly occurring condensing flows’ special sensitivity to changes in exit conditions (i.e., changes in exit pressure) arises from the ease with which these changes alter the vapor flow field in the interior. When, at a fixed steady mass flow rate, the exit pressure is changed from one steady value to another, the changes required of the interior vapor flow toward achieving a new steady duct flow are such that they do not demand a removal of the new exit pressure imposition back to the original steady value—as is the case for incompressible single phase duct flows with an original and “required” exit pressure. Instead, new steady flows may be achieved through appropriate changes in the vapor/liquid interfacial configurations and associated changes in interfacial mass, heat-transfer rates (both local and overall), and other flow variables. This special feature of these flows has been investigated here for the commonly occurring large heat sink situations, for which the condensing surface temperature (not heat flux) remains approximately the same for any given set of inlet conditions while the exit-condition changes. In this paper’s context of flows of a pure vapor that experience film condensation on the inside walls of a vertical tube, the reported results provide an important quantitative and qualitative understanding and support an exit-condition-based categorization of the flows. Experimental results and selected relevant computational results that are presented here reinforce the fact that there exist multiple steady solutions (with different heat-transfer rates) for multiple steady prescriptions of the exit condition—even though the other boundary conditions do not change. However, for some situations that do not fix any specific value for the exit condition (say, exit pressure) but allow the flow the freedom to choose any exit pressure value within a certain range, experiments confirm the computational results that, given enough time, there typically exists, under normal gravity conditions, a self-selected “natural” steady flow with a natural exit condition. This happens if the vapor flow is seeking (or is attracted to) a specific exit condition and the conditions downstream of the condenser allow the vapor flow a range of exit conditions that includes the specific natural exit condition of choice. However, for some unspecified exit-condition cases involving partial condensation, even if computations predict that a natural exit-condition choice exists, the experimental arrangement employed here does not allow the flow to approach its steady natural exit-condition value. Instead, it only allows oscillatory exit conditions leading to an oscillatory flow. For the reported experiments, these oscillatory pressures are induced and imposed by the instabilities in the system components downstream of the condenser.
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Rossen, William Richard, and Johannes Bruining. "Foam Displacements with Multiple Steady States." SPE Journal 12, no. 01 (2007): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/89397-pa.

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Summary A number of experimental and theoretical studies suggest that the fractional-flow function for foam can be either multivalued in water saturation or else can comprise distinct fractional-flow curves for two or more foam regimes, with jumps between them where each regime reaches its limiting condition. We construct fractional-flow solutions for these cases. When such a foam is employed in a surfactant-alternating-gas (SAG) process, the usual "tangency" condition is modified and the foam can be considerably weaker than the foam formed at what appears to be the point of tangency of the multivalued fractional-flow function. If the capillary-pressure function Pc (Sw) differs between foam regimes, that difference can substantially change the nature of the displacement. This alters the effective fractional-flow function and hence the global solution of the equations. It is therefore important to determine how capillary pressure varies in foam displacements, by direct measurement in situ if possible. Special care is needed in numerical simulation of processes using fixed grids if capillary pressure depends directly on foam regime. Using gridblocks that are too large can weaken the effect of capillary pressure that would enforce the correct shock on the small scale. Using an upscaled fractional-flow function appears to eliminate this problem, however. Introduction Foams are injected into geological formations for gas diversion in improved oil recovery (IOR) (Schramm 1994; Rossen 1996), acid diversion in matrix acid well stimulation (Gdanski 1993), and environmental remediation (Hirasaki et al. 2000). In IOR and environmental remediation, it is often useful to inject gas and surfactant solution in alternating slugs, a process called SAG injection. SAG injection holds several advantages over continuous coinjection of gas and liquid, as described elsewhere (Shi and Rossen 1998; Shan and Rossen 2004). Method of Characteristics and Fractional-Flow Theory. Many problems involving conservation equations can be formulated in the so-called hyperbolic framework. The ensuing equations can then be solved using the method of characteristics (see, for example, Smoller (1980), after page 266). The solution consists of rarefactions or spreading waves, constant states, and shocks. Additional conditions are also required to obtain a unique solution. Numerical solutions of the equations can, in effect, pick out the wrong uniqueness conditions and give inaccurate results. A complete analysis requires the traveling-wave representation of a shock. Bruining and Van Duijn (2000, 2007) present an example in which the conditions on the traveling wave are essential to identifying the correct solution of the macroscopic equations. Bruining et al. (2002, 2004) give a regularization procedure for constructing such a traveling wave solution for an application of steam injection. The conditions on the traveling wave must be kept in mind when using a graphical procedure for finding the solution with the method of characteristics, a technique introduced by Buckley and Leverett (1941). It is widely used for petroleum engineering applications [see also Pope (1980), who generalized fractional-flow theory to deal with more complex problems]. In this formulation, the uniqueness condition is called the Welge tangent condition (1952).
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Zhao, Fu Zhou, Rong Liang, and Xiao Ping Chen. "Study on Steady Condition Control of Hybrid Turbocharging System." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 1941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.1941.

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This paper analyzes the principle of hybrid turbocharging system in a vehicle diesel engine, and proposes motor control model about hybrid turbocharging system in steady engine operation condition according to energy imbalance of the exhaust gas. The high-speed motor can work as a motor or a generator in this control model of different engine condition. Then mapping algorithms about n-dimensional linear interpolation and BP neural network are presented to solve steady condition control problem of the hybrid turbocharging system. Each algorithm is applied to map same sample data, the simulation results reveal that BP neural network mapping algorithm is more suitable for the mapping control of hybrid turbocharging system because BP neural network has better generalization ability and faster processing speed.
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Mao, X., H. M. Blackburn, and S. J. Sherwin. "Optimal inflow boundary condition perturbations in steady stenotic flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 705 (March 1, 2012): 306–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.58.

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AbstractWe determine optimal inflow boundary perturbations to steady flow through a straight inflexible tube with a smooth axisymmetric stenosis at a bulk-flow Reynolds number $\mathit{Re}= 400$, for which the flow is asymptotically stable. The perturbations computed produce an optimal gain, i.e. kinetic energy in the domain at a given time horizon normalized by a measure of time-integrated energy on the inflow boundary segment. We demonstrate that similarly to the optimal initial condition problem, the gain can be interpreted as the leading singular value of the forward linearized operator that evolves the boundary conditions to the final state at a fixed time. In this investigation we restrict our attention to problems where the temporal profile of the perturbations examined is a product of a Gaussian bell and a sinusoid, whose frequency is selected to excite axial wavelengths similar to those of the optimal initial perturbations in the same geometry. Comparison of the final state induced by the optimal boundary perturbation with that induced by the optimal initial condition demonstrates a close agreement for the selected problem. Previous works dealing with optimal boundary perturbation considered a prescribed spatial structure and computed an optimal temporal variation of a wall-normal velocity component, whereas in this paper we consider the problem of a prescribed temporal structure and compute the optimal spatial variation of velocity boundary conditions over a one-dimensional inflow boundary segment. The methodology is capable of optimizing boundary perturbations in general non-parallel two- and three-dimensional flows.
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Li, Z. W., and X. L. Yang. "Stability of 3D slope under steady unsaturated flow condition." Engineering Geology 242 (August 2018): 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2018.06.004.

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BARENBLATT, G. I., M. BERTSCH, and L. GIACOMELLI. "Steady and quasi-steady thin viscous flows near the edge of a solid surface." European Journal of Applied Mathematics 21, no. 3 (2010): 253–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956792510000124.

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A new approach is proposed for the description of thin viscous flows near the edges of a solid surface. For a steady flow, the lubrication approximation and the no-slip condition are assumed to be valid on most of the surface, except for relatively small neighbourhoods of the edges, where a universality principle is postulated: the behaviour of the liquid in these regions is universally determined by flux, external conditions and material properties. The resulting mathematical model is formulated as an ordinary differential equation involving the height of the liquid film and the flux as unknowns, and analytical results are outlined. The form of the universal functions which describe the behaviour in the edge regions is also discussed, obtaining conditions of compatibility with lubrication theory for small fluxes. Finally, an ordinary differential equation is introduced for the description of intermediate asymptotic profiles of a liquid film which flows off a bounded solid surface.
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Lauermann, Stephan, Georg Nöldeke, and Thomas Tröger. "The Balance Condition in Search‐and‐Matching Models." Econometrica 88, no. 2 (2020): 595–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta8356.

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Most of the literature that studies frictional search‐and‐matching models with heterogeneous agents and random search investigates steady state equilibria. Steady state equilibrium requires, in particular, that the flows of agents into and out of the population of unmatched agents balance. We investigate the structure of this balance condition, taking agents' matching behavior as given. Building on the “fundamental matching lemma” for quadratic search technologies in Shimer and Smith (2000), we establish existence, uniqueness, and comparative statics properties of the solution to the balance condition for any search technology satisfying minimal regularity conditions. Implications for the existence and structure of steady state equilibria in the Shimer–Smith model and extensions thereof are noted. These reinforce the point that much of the structure of search‐and‐matching models with quadratic search technologies carries over to more general search technologies.
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Tesfa, B., R. Mishra, Feng Shou Gu, and Andrew Ball. "Condition Monitoring of CI Engine Running on Biodiesel Using Transient Process." Key Engineering Materials 413-414 (June 2009): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.413-414.495.

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Various research groups across the globe have developed models for engine condition monitoring and fault diagnosis based on the data from steady state performance measurements over the last two decade. However, these performance data are not amenable for easy collection in some situations and some of the data may show little performance deviation at the steady state conditions of operation. The aim of this study is to identify engine operating conditions and parameters that can be used to develop a diagnostic tool for internal combustion (CI) engine running on biodiesel blends fuel. Ricardo Wave Software was used to stimulate healthy and degraded engine. The degraded condition of operation was created by forcing one injector to work with 90%, 80% and 70% of the normal fuel flow efficiency. The measurable performance parameters such as brake power, brake torque and exhaust temperature and CO emission have been used to compare the deviations during steady and transient condition. From the comparison of the data obtained from transient and steady state simulation of the engine with and without injector fault, it can be concluded that the transient parameters show higher deviations and hence are better suited for condition monitoring and diagnostic modelling in engine working speed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Steady condition"

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Binjuwair, Saud. "Characterisation of flow structures inside an engine cylinder under steady state condition." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12536.

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The in-cylinder flow of internal combustion (IC) engines, formed during the intake stroke, is one of the most important factors that affect the quality of air-fuel mixture and combustion. The inducted airflow through the inlet valve is primarily influenced by the intake port design, intake valve design, valve lift and valve timing. Such parameters have a significant influence on the generation and development of in-cylinder flow motion. In most combustion systems the swirl and tumble motions are used to aid the air-fuel mixing with the subsequent decay of these bulk flow motions generating increased turbulence levels which then enhance the combustion processes in terms of rate of chemical reactions and combustion stability. Air motion formed inside the engine cylinder is three-dimensional, transient, highly turbulent and includes a wide spectrum of length and time scales. The significance of in-cylinder flow structures is mainly reflected in large eddy formation and its subsequent break down into turbulence kinetic energy. Analysis of the large scale and flow motions within an internal combustion engine are of significance for the improvement of engine performance. A first approximation of these flow structures can be obtained by steady state analysis of the in-cylinder flow with fixed valve lifts and pressure drops. Substantial advances in both experimental methods and numerical simulations provide useful research tools for better understanding of the effects of rotational air motion on engine performance. This study presents results from experimental and numerical simulations of in-cylinder flow structures under steady state conditions. Although steady state flow problem still includes complex three-dimensional geometries with high turbulence intensities and rotation separation, it is significantly less complex than the transient problem. Therefore, preliminary verifications are usually performed on steady state flow rig. For example, numerical investigation under steady state condition can be considered as a precondition for the feasibility of calculations of real engine cylinder flow. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique is used in the experimental investigations of the in-cylinder flow structures. The experiments have been conducted on an engine head of a pent-roof type (Lotus) for a number of fixed valve lifts and different inlet valve configurations at two pressure drops, 250mm and 635mm of H2O that correlate with engine speeds of 2500 and 4000 RPM respectively. From the 2-D in-cylinder flow measurements, a tumbling vortex analysis is carried out for six planes parallel to the cylinder axis. In addition, a swirl flow analysis is carried out for one horizontal plane perpendicular to the cylinder axis at half bore downstream from the cylinder head (44mm). Numerically, modelling of the in-cylinder flow is proving to be a key part of successful combustion simulation. The numerical simulations require an accurate representation of turbulence and initial conditions. This Thesis deals with numerical investigation of the in-cylinder flow structures under steady state conditions utilizing the finite-volume CFD package, STAR CCM+. Two turbulence models were examined to simulate the turbulent flow structure namely, Realizable k-ε and Reynolds Stress Turbulence Model, RSM. Three densities of generated mesh, which is polyhedral type, are examined. The three-dimensional numerical investigation has been conducted on the same engine head of a pent-roof type (Lotus) for a number of fixed valve lifts and both valves are opened configuration at two pressure drops 250mm and 635mm of H2O that is equivalent to engine speeds of 2500 and 4000 RPM respectively. The nature and modelling of the flow structure together with discussions on the influence of the pressure drop and valve lift parameters on the flow structures are presented and discussed. The experimental results show the advantage of using the planar technique (PIV) for investigating the complete flow structures developed inside the cylinder. It also highlighted areas where improvements need to be made to enhance the quality of the collected data in the vertical plane measurements. Based on the comparison between the two turbulence models, the RSM model results show larger velocity values of about 15% to 47% than those of the Realizable k-ε model for the whole regions. The computational results were validated through qualitative and quantitative comparisons with the PIV data obtained from the current investigation and published LDA data on both horizontal and vertical cross sections. The calculated correlation coefficient, which is above 0.6, indicated that a reasonable prediction accuracy for the RSM model. This verifies that the numerical simulation with the RSM model is a useful tool to analyse turbulent flows in complex engine geometries where anisotropic turbulence is created.
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Fajardo, Peña Pablo. "Methodology for the Numerical Characterization of a Radial Turbine under Steady and Pulsating Flow." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/16878.

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The increasing use of turbochargers is leading to an outstanding research to understand the internal flow in turbomachines. In this frame, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is one of the tools that can be applied to contribute to the analysis of the fluid-dynamic processes occurring in a turbine. The objective of this thesis is the development of a methodology for performing simulations of radial turbomachinery optimizing the available computational resources. This methodology is used for the characterization of a vaned-nozzle turbine under steady and pulsating flow conditions. An important effort has been devoted in adjusting the case configuration to maximize the accuracy achievable with a certain computational cost. Concerning the cell size, a local mesh independence analysis is proposed as a procedure to optimize the distribution of cells in the domain, thus allowing to use a finer mesh in the most suitable places. Particularly important in turbomachinery simulations is the influence of the approach for simulating rotor motion. In this thesis two models have been compared: multiple reference frame and sliding mesh. The differences obtained using both methods were found to be significant in off-design regions. Steady flow CFD results have been validated against global measurements taken on a gas-stand. The modeling of a turbine, installed either on a turbocharger test rig or an engine, requires the calculation of the flow in the ducts composing the system. Those ducts could be simulated assuming a one-dimensional (1D) approximation, and thus reducing the computational cost. In this frame of ideas, two CFD boundary conditions have been developed. The first one allows performing coupled 1D-3D simulations, communicating the flow variables from each domain through the boundary. The second boundary condition is based in a new formulation for a stand-alone anechoic end, which intends to represent the flow behavior of an infinite duct. Finally, the turbine was simulat<br>Fajardo Peña, P. (2012). Methodology for the Numerical Characterization of a Radial Turbine under Steady and Pulsating Flow [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/16878<br>Palancia
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Zimmerman, Martin. "Chování EHD mazacího filmu při náhlých změnách rychlosti a zatížení." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233979.

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This dissertation is focused on experimental study of lubricant film behavior under transient conditions. For real machine parts such as gears, roller bearings and cam mechanism the operating conditions such as speed, load and radius of curvature of rubbing surfaces are vary during the working cycle. Change in operating conditions may pose an increased risk of the lubricating film breakdown. Direct contact of rubbing surfaces at the time of the lubricating film breakdown causes an increase in friction and wear. The high-speed CMOS camera was used to record the dynamic changes in lubricating film thickness during the experiment. The optical interferometry method has been used for reverse reconstruction of lubricating film thickness of the recorded interferograms. It was confirmed that the operating parameters have a major impact on the formation of lubricant film and its thickness and a certain combination of boundary conditions can cause lubricating film rupture. The obtained results showed, that modified topography of the rubbing surfaces can help to increase the lubrication film thickness especially in critical phases of working cycle.
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Petit, Maxime. "Residency and trafficking of ILC2 in steady steate and th2 induced inflammatory conditions." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7095.

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Les ILC2s sont retrouvées au niveau des muqueuses comme les poumons et l’intestin, ainsi que dans divers ganglions et organes liés au métabolisme comme les tissus adipeux (ATs). Elles jouent un rôle important dans l’induction des réponses immunitaires de type Th2 comme équivalents innées dans lymphocytes Th2. Elles sont activées par des alarmines (IL-25 et IL-33) et des activateurs environnementaux (allergènes, métabolites et neuromédiateurs). Les ILC2s sécrètent des cytokines de type Th2 permettant de recruter et d’activer des cellules myéloïdes, d’augmenter la production de mucus et la contraction musculaire, ainsi que d’initier la réparation et le renouvellement des tissus. Cependant, une activation non contrôlée des ILC2s participe au développement de maladies chroniques. Les ILCs sont généralement considérées comme des cellules résidentes. Cependant, plusieurs études ont suggéré que la migration pourrait être un processus important pour la maturation des capacités effectrices. La circulation des ILCs reste peu documentée, et aucun mécanisme n’est pour l’instant capable d’expliquer le renouvellement des ILC2s pour agir dans de nombreux tissus suite à une stimulation. Nous avons montré que des quantités significatives d’ILC2s matures et immatures peuvent être collectées dans la lymphe du canal thoracique de souris canulées durant plusieurs heures. Les ILC2s circulantes forment 3 groupes distincts avec des expressions de molécules d’adhésion et récepteurs de migration spécifiques. Nos expériences de transferts cellulaires montrent que ces groupes spécifiques de molécules exprimées sont liés à des tropismes particuliers pour l’intestin, les poumons ou les ATs. Pour analyser le comportement des ILC2s dans un contexte de réponse de type Th2, nous avons injecter les cytokines IL-25 et IL-33 et étudié la lymphe de ces souris. La stimulation à l’IL-33 augmente le nombre de cellules ILC2s circulants dans la lymphe. Les différents groupes d’ILC2s montrent des réponses différentes à l’IL-33. Ainsi, les ILC2s migrants vers l’intestin sont majoritairement prolifératives tandis que le groupe migrant vers les poumons et les ATs secrètent de l’IL-5, de l’IL-13 et de l’Areg. Cela suggère que les ILC2s migrants de façon spécifique possèdent une empreinte fonctionnelle. Nous confirmons les fonctions des groupes d’ILC2s circulants en utilisant des modèles plus physiologiques mimant des réactions allergiques et des infections parasitaires (stimulation par la papaïne et le succinate). Les migrations vers l’intestin et les poumons jouent un rôle primordial dans l’induction de réponse de type Th2 par sécrétion d’IL-5 et d’IL-13, et à l’initiation de la réparation tissulaire par production d’Areg. De façon intéressante, les ILC2s migrants vers les poumons participent au renouvellement des populations résidentes participant principalement à la production d’Areg. Finalement, nous caractérisons un rôle important du trafic des ILC2s à différents temps suivant l’infection par Nippostrongulus brasiliensis, confirmant la fonction des ILC2s migrantes<br>ILC2s are found in mucosal tissues as lung and intestine, in lymph nodes, and in metabolic tissues such as the adipose tissues. They play important role in maintaining or inducing type-2 immune responses as innate equivalent of Th2 lymphocytes. They are activated by alarmins (IL-25 and IL-33) and by external activators (allergens, metabolites and neuromediators). ILC2s are secreting type-2 cytokines to facilitate the activation of other cells and to induce an important repair program. Their activation allows large type of events as diverse as myeloid cells recruitment and activation, mucus production, muscle contractility and tissue repair. They have key role in lung and adipose tissue development and maintain their homeostasis by early responding against parasitic pathogens. Abnormal activation of ILC2s is also participating to chronic diseases.ILCs are mostly considered as resident cells. However, different studies suggested that migration could be important for the maturation of their effector capacities and to correctly target the injured tissue. Circulation and trafficking of ILC subsets is still unclear. No mechanism is yet available to explain the turnover of ILC2s and how they can act in many tissues following stimuli.We found that large numbers of mature and immature ILC2s could be collected in the thoracic duct lymph of mice perfused over several hours, showing that ILC2s are in fact actively circulating through the hemo-lymphatic circuit. Furthermore, circulating mature ILC2s could be separated into three distinct subsets depending on their pattern of receptor and adhesion molecule expression. Cell transfer experiments proved that specific patterns are representative of specific tropism for gut, lung and adipose tissues.To analyse ILC2 behaviour in the context of a type-2 response, we injected IL-25 and IL-33 before lymph collection. IL-33 stimulation largely enhanced the number of circulating ILC2s in the lymph. These different ILC2 tissue targeted subsets responded differently to IL-33. Specifically, gut-trafficking ILC2s were mainly stimulated to proliferate whereas lung and adipose tissue subsets were stimulated to produce IL-13, IL-5 and Areg. This suggests that, in ILC2s, specific tissue targeting is associated with already imprinted functions while transiting through the hemo-lymphatic system. We confirmed these functions of circulating ILC2 subsets in more physiological context by mimicking allergy and helminth infection (stimulation by papain and succinate) where specific migration to lungs and intestine play important roles in mounting the type-2 response by IL-5/IL-13 secretion, and also initiating tissue repair by Areg production. Interestingly, we showed that lung migrating ILC2s participated to resident pool renewal that main function is Areg production. Finally, we characterized important trafficking of ILC2 at different stages of Nippostrongulus brasiliensis infection, confirming the functional relevance of ILC2 trafficking
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Ahmed, Kamel Abd El-Salam Attia. "Automobile cornering behaviour under steady and non-steady state conditions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329475.

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Larsson, Roland. "Elastohydrodynamic lubrication under non-steady conditions." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Maskinelement, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18564.

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The six papers presented in this thesis consider the effects on elastohydrodynamic lubrication (ehl) of non-steady conditions. The vast majority of ehl investigations, both experiemental and theoretical, utilise steady state conditions, i.e. constant load, velocity, geometry and temperature. The lubricant is, however, in conditions that are far from those of steady state. Many components operate with varying load, velocity and geometry. Some examples are gears, rolling element bearings, cams and follower mechanisms and reciprocating seals. To predict the operation of these components it is necessary to consider the transient effects. The theory of elastohydrodynamic lubrication under non-steady conditions is presented in this thesis and applied to some practical cases. Papers A and B deal with the simulation of the lubrication in the contact between an impacting ball and a lubricated surface. These investigations give understanding of lubrication under impact loading and also fundamental understanding of the dynamics of an ehl contact. Paper C is an experimental investigation of the impacting ball problem. The deformation of the surfaces in the contact region is studied for different combinations of lubricant viscosities and impact velocities. Paper D and E deal with the breakdown mechanisms of a lubricant film. It is shown that lubricant film failure occurs at high sliding velocities if the load is non-stationary. This contradicts elastohydrodynamic theory since increasing sliding velocity implies increasing entrainment of lubricant and thus thicker lubricant film and less risk for failure. It is, however, shown in Paper E that starvation can be the reason why film failure occurs even if the conjunction is lubricated by a thick layer of lubricant. Paper F is a transient simulation of a meshing involute spur gear. Film thickness, pressure, friction and subsurface stresses are computed at different positions along the line of action. Two different sets of lubricant properties are used, the first one<br>Godkänd; 1996; 20070219 (rola)
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Nguyen, Vinh Q. "A Numerical Study of Burgers' Equation With Robin Boundary Conditions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31285.

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This thesis examines the numerical solution to Burgers' equation on a finite spatial domain with various boundary conditions. We first conduct experiments to confirm the numerical solutions observed by other researchers for Neumann boundary conditions. Then we consider the case where the non-homogeneous Robin boundary conditions approach non-homogeneous Neumann conditions. Finally we numerically approximate the steady state solutions to Burgers' equation with both the homogeneous and non-homogeneous Robin boundary conditions.<br>Master of Science
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Mikhaylenko, Maxim A. "Development and Application of the Boundary Singularity Method to the Problems of Hydrodynamic and Viscous Interaction." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1442423671.

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Jiménez, Piedrahita Martín Emilio. "Interpreting DGT measurements beyond steady-state and perfect-sink conditions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405372.

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La tècnica "Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films" (DGT) permet estudiar la disponibilitat de contaminants o nutrients en aigües a partir de la seva acumulació en dispositius DGT, que acumulen els analits objectiu durant un període conegut de temps. En aquesta tesi es desenvolupen models fisicoquímics que tenen en compte el transport i les reaccions químiques de les espècies presents per a la interpretació de les acumulacions. Es dedica especial atenció als efectes electrostàtics que sorgeixen a baixa força iònica (en el rang típic de valors d'aigües dolces) entre cations metàl•lics o complexos carregats i els setis de resina. La influència de l'acumulació territorial en el disc de resina i la dependència de les constants de velocitat cinètica amb la força iònica son fenòmens que es consideren explícitament. Es desenvolupa també una eina de simulació basada en la resolució de les equacions de Nernst-Plack per a reproduïr les acumulacions experimentals de Mg i Mn, així com per a comprovar l'exactitud d'algunes expressions analítiques aproximades que es presenten. També es consideren situacions en les quals els efectes d'equilibri i competició són rellevants.<br>Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) technique allows studies of the availability of chemicals in waters by the deployment of DGT devices, which accumulate the target analytes for a known period of time. Physico-chemical models that consider the reactions and transport of species inside the device for the interpretation of the accumulations are developed in this thesis. Special attention is devoted to the electrostatic effects arising at low ionic strength (in the typical range of freshwaters) between metal cations or charged complexes and the resin sites. Influence of territorial binding in the resin disc and dependence of the kinetic rate constants on the ionic strength is explicitly considered. A simulation tool based on solving the Nernst-Plack equations is developped to reproduce the experimental aumulations of Mg and Mn, as well as to check the accuracy of some approximate analytical expressions here reported. Cases where the effective capacity or competition effects are relevant are also considered in this work.<br>La técnica analítica llamada Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films (DGT) permite estudiar la disponibilidad de contaminantes y nutrientes en aguas. Los dispositivos DGT se depositan en el medio para que acumulen el analito durante un período de tiempo determinado. En esta tesis se desarrollan modelos fisicoquímicos que consideran las reacciones y el transporte de especies dentro del dispositivo para la interpretación de las acumulaciones. Se presta especial atención a los efectos electrostáticos que se producen entre cationes metálicos o complejos cargados y los sitios de resina, para fuerzas iónicas en el rango de las aguas dulces. Se considera explícitamente la influencia del enlace territorial en el disco de resina y la dependencia de las constantes cinéticas de asociación y disociación con la fuerza iónica. Se desarrolla una herramienta de simulación basada en la resolución de las ecuaciones de Nernst-Plack para reproducir las acumulaciones experimentales de Mg y Mn, así como para comprobar la exactitud de algunas expresiones analíticas aproximadas presentadas en este trabajo. También se consideran situaciones en las cuales los efectos de equilibrio y competición son relevantes.
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Bennetts, Tony Andrew. "Local scour around bridge piers under steady and unsteady flow conditions." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394076.

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Books on the topic "Steady condition"

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Huyse, Luc. Random field solutions including boundary condition uncertainty for steady-stae generalized Burgers equation. Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, NASA Langley Research Center, 2001.

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Danowitz, Jeffrey S. A far-field non-reflecting boundary condition for two-dimensional wake flows. Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering, 1995.

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Kpo, Samuel S. Analysis of slow transients and steady state conditions in pipe networks. National Library of Canada, 1996.

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Brosh, Israel. Approximating steady-state probabilities of queueing systems under maximum entropy conditions. Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Management, Leon Recanati Graduate School of Business Administration, 1987.

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O'Rourke, Tony. Slovenia: A transitionary market making steady progress. Scottish Financial Enterprise, 1996.

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Canada Centre For Mineral and Energy Technology. Mineral Research Program. Theory of Diffusion of Radon and Thoron Through Membranes Under Steady-State and Time-Dependent Conditions: Part 1 (Steady-State Case). s.n, 1985.

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Papanicolaou, Athanasios. Equilibrium geomorphological conditions for high gradient bed steams [sic]. Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 2000.

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Hoskins, Charles Lwanga. Yet with a steady beat: Biographies of early Black Savannah. Gullah Press, 2001.

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Walter, Donald A. Simulation of advective flow under steady-state and transient recharge conditions, Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Walter, Donald A. Simulation of advective flow under steady-state and transient recharge conditions, Camp Edwards, Massachusetts Military Reservation, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Steady condition"

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Weik, Martin H. "steady-state condition." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_18226.

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Hafsi, Zahreddine, Sami Elaoud, Mohsen Akrout, and Ezzeddine Hadj-Taïeb. "Iterative Methods for Steady State Looped Network Analysis." In Applied Condition Monitoring. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14532-7_42.

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Heron, R. A. "System quantity/quality assessment — the quasi-steady state monitoring of inputs and outputs." In Handbook of Condition Monitoring. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4924-2_7.

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Pedlosky, Joseph. "Vertical Propagation of Waves: Steady Flow and the Radiation Condition." In Waves in the Ocean and Atmosphere. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05131-3_10.

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Guiasu, Silviu. "Minimum Mean Deviation from the Steady-State Condition in Queueing Theory." In Entropy Measures, Maximum Entropy Principle and Emerging Applications. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-36212-8_8.

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Thomson, William T. "MCSA Industrial Case Histories-Diagnosis of Cage Winding Defects in SCIMs Driving Steady Loads." In Current Signature Analysis for Condition Monitoring of Cage Induction Motors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119175476.ch5.

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Culbert, Ian. "Causes of Breaks in Squirrel Cage Windings During Direct-On-Line Starts and Steady-State Operation." In Current Signature Analysis for Condition Monitoring of Cage Induction Motors. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119175476.ch3.

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van Hilten, Onno. "Technological Progress in Vintage Models of the Firm: Scrapping Condition and Steady State." In Optimal Firm Behaviour in the Context of Technological Progress and a Business Cycle. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02718-9_7.

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Mori, Kazu-hiro. "Critical Condition for the Appearance of Steady Breakers on 2-dimensional Wave Generated by Submerged Foil." In Nonlinear Water Waves. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83331-1_16.

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Nawaz, Amjad, Hidekazu Yoshikawa, Ming Yang, and Anwar Hussain. "Analysis of Fuel Rod Behavior Under Steady State and Transient Condition by Modification of THEATRe Code." In Proceedings of The 20th Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2311-8_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Steady condition"

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Guo, Hongyan, Zhongqiu Tan, Jun Liu, and Hong Chen. "MPC-based Steady-state Drift Control under Extreme Condition." In 2021 33rd Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc52312.2021.9602572.

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Hayashi, Masahiro. "Failure Criticality Importance Analysis in the Steady-State Condition." In 2021 5th International Conference on System Reliability and Safety (ICSRS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsrs53853.2021.9660693.

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Qi, Zhilin, Zhimin Du, Baosheng Liang, Yong Tang, Shouping Wang, and Ruijian Deng. "An Approach for Snaky Well Productivity under Steady-State Condition." In SPE Europec/EAGE Annual Conference and Exhibition. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/99374-ms.

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Choudhary, P. K., S. P. Dubey, and V. K. Gupta. "Efficiency optimization of induction motor drive at steady-state condition." In 2015 International Conference on Control, Instrumentation, Communication and Computational Technologies (ICCICCT). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccicct.2015.7475325.

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Choudhary, P. K., and U. K. Choudhary. "Efficiency optimization of pump motor drive at steady-state condition." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Power, Control, Signals and Instrumentation Engineering (ICPCSI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpcsi.2017.8392312.

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Cole, Kevin D., Filippo de Monte, Robert L. McMasters, Keith A. Woodbury, A. Haji-Sheikh, and James V. Beck. "Steady Heat Conduction With Generalized Boundary Conditions." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-66605.

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Heat transfer in solids provides an opportunity for students to learn of several boundary conditions: the first kind for specified temperature, the second kind for specified heat flux, and the third kind for specified convection. In this paper we explore the relationship among these types of boundary conditions in steady heat transfer. Specifically, the normalized third kind of boundary condition (convection) produces the first kind condition (specified temperature) for large Biot number, and it produces the second kind condition (specified flux) for small Biot number. By employing a generalized boundary condition, one expression provides the temperature for several combinations of boundary conditions. This combined expression is presented for several simple geometries (slabs, cylinders, spheres) with and without internal heat generation. The bioheat equation is also treated. Further, a number system is discussed for each combination to identify the type of boundary conditions present, which side is heated, and whether internal generation is present. Computer code for obtaining numerical values from the several expressions is available, along with plots and tables of numerical values, at a web site called the Exact Analytical Conduction Toolbox. Classroom strategies are discussed regarding student learning of these issues: the relationship among boundary conditions; a number system to identify the several components of a boundary value problem; and, the utility of a web-based resource for analytical heat-transfer solutions.
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Balaz, I., Z. Brezovic, M. Minarik, V. Kudjak, and V. Stofanik. "Barkhausen criterion and another necessary condition for steady state oscillations existence." In 2013 23rd International Conference Radioelektronika (RADIOELEKTRONIKA 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/radioelek.2013.6530906.

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Cadena, M., E. Sacristan, O. Infante, B. Escalante, and F. Rodriguez. "Steady State Condition in the Measurement of VO2and VCO2by Indirect Calorimetry." In 2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2005.1616315.

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Shupei, Zhang, Zhang Youkun, Zhang Lei, and Wang Qingnian. "Optimize Ratio Control Strategy of CVT for Non-steady Working Condition." In 2009 Second International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Design. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscid.2009.170.

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Afrasiabi, Erfan, Francesco Braghin, Edoardo Sabbioni, and Vincenzo Scali. "Non-Linear and Non-Steady Tire Model Under High-Range Slip Condition." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-13119.

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Based on experimental data, a nonlinear tire model able to predict tire contact forces as a function of slippage, slip angle, camber angle, vertical load, tire bulk and tread temperatures as well as road surface roughness and road temperature has been developed.
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Reports on the topic "Steady condition"

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Georgiadis, L., and P. Papantoni-Kazakos. Ergodicity and Steady-State-Equilibrium Conditions for Markov Chains. Defense Technical Information Center, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada151038.

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Tim Lieuwen. Flashback Characteristics of Syngas-Type Fuels Under Steady and Pulsating Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924769.

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Bass, R. B. ,. Westinghouse Hanford. Tank monitor and control system (TMACS) performance analysis - under steady-state conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/657347.

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Rucinski, R. LHe Flow Regime/Pressure Drop for D0 Solenoid at Steady State Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1031793.

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Liu, H. H. A Conductivity Relationship for Steady-state Unsaturated Flow Processes under Optimal Flow Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/991746.

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Royer, Michael P. Lumen and Chromaticity Maintenance of LED PAR38 Lamps Operated in Steady-State Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1170114.

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Davis, J. Lynn, Joseph Young, and Michael Royer. CALiPER Report 20.5: Chromaticity Shift Modes of LED PAR38 Lamps Operated in Steady-State Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1376993.

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Wang, Xiping, James Wacker, Robert Ross, and Brian Brashaw. Condition assessment of main structural members of steam schooner WAPAMA. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-gtr-177.

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none,. CALiPER Report 20.4: Lumen and Chromaticity Maintenance of LED PAR38 Lamps Operated in Steady-State Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1220492.

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Author, Not Given. CALiPER Retail Lamps Study 3.2: Lumen and Chromaticity Maintenance of LED A Lamps Operated in Steady-State Conditions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1220495.

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