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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Steady condition'

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1

Binjuwair, Saud. "Characterisation of flow structures inside an engine cylinder under steady state condition." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12536.

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The in-cylinder flow of internal combustion (IC) engines, formed during the intake stroke, is one of the most important factors that affect the quality of air-fuel mixture and combustion. The inducted airflow through the inlet valve is primarily influenced by the intake port design, intake valve design, valve lift and valve timing. Such parameters have a significant influence on the generation and development of in-cylinder flow motion. In most combustion systems the swirl and tumble motions are used to aid the air-fuel mixing with the subsequent decay of these bulk flow motions generating inc
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2

Fajardo, Peña Pablo. "Methodology for the Numerical Characterization of a Radial Turbine under Steady and Pulsating Flow." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/16878.

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The increasing use of turbochargers is leading to an outstanding research to understand the internal flow in turbomachines. In this frame, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is one of the tools that can be applied to contribute to the analysis of the fluid-dynamic processes occurring in a turbine. The objective of this thesis is the development of a methodology for performing simulations of radial turbomachinery optimizing the available computational resources. This methodology is used for the characterization of a vaned-nozzle turbine under steady and pulsating flow conditions. An important
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3

Zimmerman, Martin. "Chování EHD mazacího filmu při náhlých změnách rychlosti a zatížení." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233979.

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This dissertation is focused on experimental study of lubricant film behavior under transient conditions. For real machine parts such as gears, roller bearings and cam mechanism the operating conditions such as speed, load and radius of curvature of rubbing surfaces are vary during the working cycle. Change in operating conditions may pose an increased risk of the lubricating film breakdown. Direct contact of rubbing surfaces at the time of the lubricating film breakdown causes an increase in friction and wear. The high-speed CMOS camera was used to record the dynamic changes in lubricating fi
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4

Petit, Maxime. "Residency and trafficking of ILC2 in steady steate and th2 induced inflammatory conditions." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7095.

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Les ILC2s sont retrouvées au niveau des muqueuses comme les poumons et l’intestin, ainsi que dans divers ganglions et organes liés au métabolisme comme les tissus adipeux (ATs). Elles jouent un rôle important dans l’induction des réponses immunitaires de type Th2 comme équivalents innées dans lymphocytes Th2. Elles sont activées par des alarmines (IL-25 et IL-33) et des activateurs environnementaux (allergènes, métabolites et neuromédiateurs). Les ILC2s sécrètent des cytokines de type Th2 permettant de recruter et d’activer des cellules myéloïdes, d’augmenter la production de mucus et la contr
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5

Ahmed, Kamel Abd El-Salam Attia. "Automobile cornering behaviour under steady and non-steady state conditions." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329475.

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6

Larsson, Roland. "Elastohydrodynamic lubrication under non-steady conditions." Doctoral thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Maskinelement, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-18564.

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The six papers presented in this thesis consider the effects on elastohydrodynamic lubrication (ehl) of non-steady conditions. The vast majority of ehl investigations, both experiemental and theoretical, utilise steady state conditions, i.e. constant load, velocity, geometry and temperature. The lubricant is, however, in conditions that are far from those of steady state. Many components operate with varying load, velocity and geometry. Some examples are gears, rolling element bearings, cams and follower mechanisms and reciprocating seals. To predict the operation of these components it is nec
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7

Nguyen, Vinh Q. "A Numerical Study of Burgers' Equation With Robin Boundary Conditions." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31285.

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This thesis examines the numerical solution to Burgers' equation on a finite spatial domain with various boundary conditions. We first conduct experiments to confirm the numerical solutions observed by other researchers for Neumann boundary conditions. Then we consider the case where the non-homogeneous Robin boundary conditions approach non-homogeneous Neumann conditions. Finally we numerically approximate the steady state solutions to Burgers' equation with both the homogeneous and non-homogeneous Robin boundary conditions.<br>Master of Science
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8

Mikhaylenko, Maxim A. "Development and Application of the Boundary Singularity Method to the Problems of Hydrodynamic and Viscous Interaction." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1442423671.

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9

Jiménez, Piedrahita Martín Emilio. "Interpreting DGT measurements beyond steady-state and perfect-sink conditions." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405372.

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La tècnica "Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films" (DGT) permet estudiar la disponibilitat de contaminants o nutrients en aigües a partir de la seva acumulació en dispositius DGT, que acumulen els analits objectiu durant un període conegut de temps. En aquesta tesi es desenvolupen models fisicoquímics que tenen en compte el transport i les reaccions químiques de les espècies presents per a la interpretació de les acumulacions. Es dedica especial atenció als efectes electrostàtics que sorgeixen a baixa força iònica (en el rang típic de valors d'aigües dolces) entre cations metàl•lics o complexos ca
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10

Tregnaghi, Matteo. "Local scouring at bed sills under steady and unsteady conditions." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3425036.

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Designers are often required to produce safe and economic structures in rivers with erodible beds, which may frequently induce scouring phenomena as they interfere with the natural stream. In CHAPTER 1, an extensive literature is illustrated on scouring by jets at high and low head structures, and predictive formulae are discussed that estimate the equilibrium scour depth of the scour hole, which are most obtained empirically from field and laboratory data. It is also discussed that different stages occur during local scour development. These stages basically include an initial rapid phase of
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11

Bennetts, Tony Andrew. "Local scour around bridge piers under steady and unsteady flow conditions." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394076.

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12

CASTELLO, PAOLO. "Algorithms for the synchrophasor measurement in steady-state and dynamic conditions." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/266420.

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Phasor measurement units (PMUs) are becoming one of the key issues of power network monitoring. They have to be able to perform accurate estimations of current and voltage signals either under steady-state or dynamic conditions. The first part of this PhD thesis analyses the impact of the phasor models on the estimation accuracy, focuses on algorithms proposed in the literature for the estimation of phasors and studies their performance under several different conditions. On the basis of the results of this analysis, in the second part of this thesis an innovative approach to improve the per
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13

Couture, Chad. "Steady States and Stability of the Bistable Reaction-Diffusion Equation on Bounded Intervals." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37110.

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Reaction-diffusion equations have been used to study various phenomena across different fields. These equations can be posed on the whole real line, or on a subinterval, depending on the situation being studied. For finite intervals, we also impose diverse boundary conditions on the system. In the present thesis, we solely focus on the bistable reaction-diffusion equation while working on a bounded interval of the form $[0,L]$ ($L>0$). Furthermore, we consider both mixed and no-flux boundary conditions, where we extend the former to Dirichlet boundary conditions once our analysis of that syst
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14

McGenity, Philip Martin. "Studies of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction in steady state and transient conditions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252650.

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15

Ballukja, Erjon. "Power Quality Analysis in DC/DC Converters under Steady State and Transient Conditions." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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The modern electric power systems are going through significant changes because of continuous increasing demand of electric power. Further, a growing number of renewable energy systems that directly deliver DC power jointly considered with the advance in DC technology allows a more efficient and affordable use of energy. Furthermore, a rising use of DC systems and microgrids in a wide number of applications has motivated the study of Power Quality (PQ). The concept of power quality in DC systems and microgrids brings many challenges and the aim of this thesis is to understand the delivered pow
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16

Date, James Charles. "Performance prediction of high lift rudders operating under steady and periodic flow conditions." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390722.

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17

Anderson, Mark Jule Jr. "Cooperative Behavior in Driven Lattice Systems with Shifted Periodic Boundary Conditions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30606.

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We explore the nature of driven stochastic lattice systems with non-periodic boundary conditions. The systems consist of particle and holes which move by exchanges of nearest neighbor particle-hole pairs. These exchanges are controlled by the energetics associated with an internal Hamiltonian, an external drive and a stochastic coupling to a heat reservoir. The effect of the drive is to bias particle-hole exchanges along the field in such a way that a particle current can be established. Hard-core volume constraints limit the occupation of only one particle (hole) per lattice site. For certain
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18

Qiao, Jun. "Diesel engine modelling under steady and transient conditions using a transputer-based concurrent computer." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1990. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27160.

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The work presented describes the development of an interactive model to simulate a direct injection diesel engine under both steady and transient conditions, based on the application of concurrent process computing methods. Starting with the modelling of the engine under steady operating conditions, in which induction, injection, air entrainment, fuel air mixing, combustion, emission and mechanical friction processes are considered, the fuel pump, governor, engine crankshaft and external load dynamics are also investigated to model the transient behaviour of the engine and its associated load.
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19

Dave, Parth Pranavbhai. "Numerical simulation of blood flow in arterial stenosis under steady and pulsatile flow conditions." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/3949.

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of death in the world. In this study, an attempt was made to model the flow dynamics of blood in abnormally narrowed artery. Finite volume solver FLUENT was used for the analysis with the aim of understanding the consequences of increasing the degree of stenosis using a two-equation turbulence model. The compliant nature of the artery was neglected, and Newtonian behavior of the blood flow was assumed for the larger arteries. Steady-flow simulations with 75% area reductions were used to establish the validity of the current models by
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20

Ledgard, Louise Joyce. "Macrostructural and microstructural evolution during unidirectional solidification of aluminium alloys under steady state conditions." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385219.

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21

Mu, Cheng. "Robust active vibration control of flexible rotor-bearing systems under steady and transient conditions." Thesis, University of Bath, 1994. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387119.

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22

Palathamveed, Naqash. "Acoustic behavior of intake manifolds under tip-in and steady flow conditions an experimental investigation /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1199738161.

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23

Casey, David Michael. "Characterization of Transition to Turbulence for Blood in an Eccentric Stenosis Under Steady Flow Conditions." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1418066674.

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24

Hartsock, Tanner. "Magma evolution, P-T conditions and volatile degassing of a steady-state volcano: Yasur, Vanuatu." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6757.

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Yasur is an active scoria cone volcano in the Siwi Caldera on the island of Tanna, Vanuatu, in the South Pacific. This volcano has been erupting continuously for the last 800 years and is the latest manifestation of episodic volcanic activity in this area dating back to the late Pliocene. Yasur eruptions consist of intermittent Strombolian-style explosions of pyroclastic debris with emissions of volatiles such as SO₂, HCl and HF. Other than CO2 and H2O, the most abundant gas emitted from Yasur is sulfur, and plume monitoring has confirmed the volcano as one of the largest point sources of sulf
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25

DelVecchio, Micah. "The Use of Conditional Convergence Between Economies to Estimate Steady State Incomes Within Economies." Thesis, Colorado State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3635596.

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<p> This dissertation introduces a panel data method to estimate country-specific steady state levels of output in an augmented Solow growth model. The use of panel data permits the estimation of a country-specific effect which can explain the surprising result that many developing economies are above their steady states. These empirical results also confirm that the augmented Solow model can explain the present cross-country income <i> divergence</i> of developed and developing economies. Another application finds evidence that the post-Soviet economies began their transition toward markets w
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26

Loth, Francis. "Velocity and wall shear measurements inside a vascular graft model under steady and pulsatile flow conditions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15907.

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27

Liu, Dai. "Combustion and emissions of an automotive diesel engine using biodiesel fuels under steady and start conditions." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5797/.

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Biodiesels have been proved to reduce the smoke and THC emissions by many researchers. The demands of biodiesel are increasing all over the world. Various feedstocks of biodiesel have been used in different countries and regions. The blend ratio of biodiesel in petrol station is also varies. Therefore, more calibration works have been done for the car manufacturers. In first part this research, the combustion characteristics and emissions of using biodiesels from different feedstocks with different blend ratio was studied by experimental works. Statistical analysis indicated the correlation be
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Zaker, Nazanin. "Population Dynamics In Patchy Landscapes: Steady States and Pattern Formation." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42279.

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Many biological populations reside in increasingly fragmented landscapes, which arise from human activities and natural causes. Landscape characteristics may change abruptly in space and create sharp transitions (interfaces) in landscape quality. How patchy landscape affects ecosystem diversity and stability depends, among other things, on how individuals move through the landscape. Individuals adjust their movement behaviour to local habitat quality and show preferences for some habitat types over others. In this dissertation, we focus on how landscape composition and the movement behav
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Ferdowsi, Milad. "Methane biofiltration in the absence and presence of ethanol vapors under steady state and transient state conditions." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10536.

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Les émissions de méthane (CH[indice inférieur 4]), gaz à effet de serre provoquant le réchauffement climatique doivent être contrôlées. Les biofiltres peuvent être utilisés pour atteindre cet objectif. Les émissions de CH[indice inférieur 4] issues des industries agroalimentaires ou du traitement des eaux peuvent être accompagnées de vapeurs d’alcool. La présence simultanée de CH[indice inférieur 4], polluant à limitation par transfert de masse et d’alcool, polluant à limitation cinétique dans un mélange gazeux peut induire des limitations dans le biofiltre. L’objectif principal de cette reche
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Helle, Steve. "A respirometric investigation of the activated sludge treatment of BKME during steady state and transient operating conditions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0013/NQ38893.pdf.

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31

Mukondiwa, Steady. "Sulphur dioxide capture under fluidised bed combustion conditions using dolomite and coal ash as sorbents / Steady Mukondiwa." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1570.

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32

Palfreyman, Dean Daniel. "Aerodynamics of a a mixed flow turbocharger turbine under steady and pulse flow conditions : a numerical study." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.417077.

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33

Bin, Wan Salim Wan. "Study of externally waste-gated turbine performance under steady and pulsating inlet conditions for improved turbocharger matching." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/25287.

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The demand for drastic reduction in CO2 emission among road vehicles has seen downsizing becoming a megatrend in modern engine developments due to its benefits in reducing throttling loss and improvement in engine efficiency. In light of this, turbocharging is seen as one of the key enabling technologies and therefore carries along with it an ever-increasing challenge in terms of system-matching as the device is required to operate in ranges never encountered before. The increasing reliance on 1-D engine performance simulation tools calls for more accurate representation of the turbocharger mo
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34

Mailloux, James Thomas. "Design Evaluation of a Duplex Circular Wet Well Pumping Station Under Steady State and Dynamic Operating Conditions." Digital WPI, 2010. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/471.

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Duplex Circular Wet Well (DCWW) lifting pump stations are utilized for pumping clear and solid-bearing liquid. Understanding the effect of design criteria on pump performance is important to minimize maintenance costs and maximize efficiency. There are currently no known full-scale laboratory studies that have been performed to investigate the overall design of DCWWs. The objective of the research was to evaluate the impact of various design criteria, such as internal geometry and operating conditions on the performance of DCWW pump stations and provide documentation and recommendations whi
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35

Ніценко, Володимир Вікторович. "Підвищення показників ефективності функціонування релейного захисту збірних шин розподільчих установок". Thesis, Запорізький національний технічний університет, 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/34557.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук (доктора філософії) зі спеціальності 05.14.02 – Електричні станції, мережі і системи. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2018. Дисертація присвячена розв'язанню актуальної науково-прикладної задачі у галузі релейного захисту елементів електроенергетичних систем, що полягає у підвищенні ефективності дії релейного захисту збірних шин розподільчих установок. У роботі вдосконалено метод диференційно-фазного захисту шин, згідно з яким алгоритм порівняння фаз струмів застосовано у якос
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Van, Rooyen J. A. "Performance trends of an air-colled steam condenser under windy conditions /." Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/481.

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37

Tesfa, Belachew Chekene. "Investigations into the performance and emission characteristics of a biodiesel fuelled CI engine under steady and transient operating conditions." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2011. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/11072/.

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The stringent emission laws, the depletion of petroleum reserves and the relation of fuels with politics have forced the world to find alternatives to fossil fuels. Biodiesel is one of the biofuels which is renewable and environmentally friendly and can be used in diesel engines with little or no modifications. For the last two decades, many researchers have reported extensive work on the performance and emission characteristics of engines running with biodiesel during steady state operation. However, there are numbers of knowledge gaps that have been identified which include limited informati
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Gall, M. "Study of SCR using Cu-Zeolite catalysts on a light-duty diesel engine under steady state and transient conditions." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/b4b020c3-aa97-435f-9bcc-746d63253cc3/1.

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The recognition of the negative impact of NOx resulted in increasingly tighter automotive emission regulations. Companies are under pressure to develop methods, which can meet the legislative demands. After treatment solutions, and especially Selective Catalytic Reduction, became the focus of research and have shown so far promising results. However, more in depth understanding of the SCR process under different conditions is needed. This thesis describes an investigation of the SCR performance using gas and urea injections under steady state and transient conditions undertaken on a light duty
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Poczka, Christopher M. R. "Investigation of operational conditions of steam traps through acoustic emission." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/7654/.

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Ніценко, Володимир Вікторович. "Підвищення показників ефективності функціонування релейного захисту збірних шин розподільчих установок". Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/34554.

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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата технічних наук (доктора філософії) зі спеціальності 05.14.02 – Електричні станції, мережі і системи. – Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", Харків, 2018. Дисертація присвячена розв'язанню актуальної науково-прикладної задачі у галузі релейного захисту елементів електроенергетичних систем, що полягає у підвищенні ефективності дії релейного захисту збірних шин розподільчих установок. У роботі вдосконалено метод диференційно-фазного захисту шин, згідно з яким алгоритм порівняння фаз струмів застосовано у якост
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Zhang, Luying. "Rotating instability on steam turbine blades at part-load conditions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:cf8ecad1-0fd2-49b7-8e28-6d00c62c173e.

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A computational study aimed at improving the understanding of rotating instability in the LP steam turbine last stage working under low flow rate conditions is described in this thesis. A numerical simulation framework has been developed to investigate into the instability flow field. Two LP model turbine stages are studied under various flow rate conditions. By using the 2D simulations as reference and comparing the results to those of the 3D simulations, the basic physical mechanism of rotating instability is analysed. The pressure ratio characteristics across the rotor row tip are found to
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Lee, Charles Sim Jem. "An ex-situ study of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell gas diffusion layer durability under steady-state and freezing conditions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31663.

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Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are being developed to meet the lifetime requirements expected in commercial applications. While the effect of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) on performance has been studied, little is known of the impact of GDL materials and designs on PEMFC durability. Successful development of durable components such as the GDL is essential to achieving PEMFC system requirements for commercial applications. In this study, GDL compressive strain under steady-state and freezing conditions, and the effects of freezing conditions on GDL properties of electri
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Johnson, Stephen E. "Response of mat conditions and flakeboard properties to steam- injection variables." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03242009-040404/.

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44

Van, Rooyen J. A. "Performance trends of an air-cooled steam condenser under windy conditions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1629.

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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.<br>Air-cooled steam condensers (ACSC’s) are increasingly employed to reject heat in modern power plants. Unfortunately these cooling systems become less effective under windy conditions and when ambient temperatures are high. A better understanding of the fundamental airflow patterns about and through such air-cooled condensers is essential if their performance is to be improved under these conditions. For known flow patterns, improved fan designs are possible and flow distortions can be reduced by mean
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45

Hoffmann, Franziska Marie [Verfasser]. "Distribution and interactions of pulmonary phagocytes in the murine lung under steady-state conditions and after allergen challenge / Franziska Marie Hoffmann." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149417862/34.

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46

Hasanein, Hisham A. (Hisham Abdel-Moneim). "Steam condensation in the presence of noncondensable gases under forced convection conditions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28075.

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47

Owen, Michael Trevor Foxwell. "A numerical investigation of air-cooled steam condenser performance under windy conditions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4101.

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Abstract:
Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is aimed at the development of an efficient and reliable method of evaluating the performance of an air-cooled steam condenser (ACSC) under windy conditions, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A two-step modelling approach is employed as a result of computational limitations. The numerical ACSC model developed in this study makes use of the pressure jump fan model, amongst other approximations, in an attempt to minimize the computational expense of the perform
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48

Louw, Francois G. "Performance trends of a large air-cooled steam condenser during windy conditions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6593.

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49

Siddique, Mansoor. "The effects of noncondensable gases on steam condensation under forced convection conditions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13219.

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50

Ferré, Paul Andrew Ty. "Design and analysis of time domain reflectometry probes for measuring water content and bulk electrical conductivity under steady and transient flow conditions." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22200.pdf.

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