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Rygálová, Monika. "Steal me your €motion." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta výtvarných umění, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-445701.
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The text deals with ways and methods of creating my diploma thesis called Steal me your €motion. The diploma thesis deals with the relationship between machine learning and emotionality. To what extent is artificial intelligence able to undergo emotional relationships and experiences defined by the physicality and experience of the human body. The topic of the work is the creation of a (fictional) inhuman entity that longs to learn from people as many bodily acts as possible that will help it infiltrate the human community. In addition to reflecting the current level of scientific knowledge, I bring an element of fiction and fiction.
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Orto, Julie M. "From Steel Cities to Steal Cities: Is Rusty Risky for High Crime?" Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1390337303.
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Jönsson, Martin. "If you are going to steal, steal from the best : om Peter Bogdanovichs auteurskap och Hawks-komplexet." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-547.
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Wang, Huijuan. "To steal at discretion : stage adaptations of novels." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243906.
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Sunman, Wayne. "The role adenosine in vascular steal in peripheral vascular disease." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264365.
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Shaw, Ingrid. ""Income inequality and the decision to steal : A series of experimental investigations"." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517336.
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Bertocco, Bruno Gitti. "Adsorção, absorção, dessorção e difusão de hidrogênio nascente no aço AISI 4340." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263665.
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Orientadores: Célia Marina de Alvarenga Freire, Margarita Balester SantosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T07:41:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bertocco_BrunoGitti_M.pdf: 1034163 bytes, checksum: 95ccdc8f5c1e575c64c202d4cbd8b5d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Resumo: A fragilização de aços por Hidrogênio é um problema ainda não resolvido nas indústrias petrolíferas e petroquímicas. O Hidrogênio proveniente de reações químicas e eletroquímicas, tais como, corrosão, proteção catódica e reações de processo, é absorvido pelo aço e retido nos defeitos da rede cristalina podendo causar a fragilização do aço e a propagação de trincas e fraturas. O presente trabalho visa analisar o comportamento do aço AISI 4340 na presença de hidrogênio nascente, através de curvas de voltametria cíclica e espectroscopia de impedância eletroquímica. O aço AISI 4340 foi analisado conforme recebido sob duas condições distintas de processamento: fundido em forno elétrico a vácuo, laminado e recozido e fundido e refundido a arco sob vácuo (VAR), laminado e recozido. Os resultados obtidos mostram uma dependência da resposta em relação a processos de adsorção e dessorção do hidrogênio nas superfícies e a microestrutura desses materiais
Abstract: The hydrogen steel embrittlement is a problem not solved in the petroleum and petrochemical industry. The hydrogen resulting from chemical reactions such as corrosion, cathodic processes and process reactions is absorbed and trapped by the net crystal lattice defects which may cause the steel embrittlement, crack propagation and material fracture. The present research analyze the behavior of AISI 4340 steel in relation to the presence of nascent hydrogen, throught cyclic voltametric curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The AISI 4340 steel was produced under two process conditions: melted in vacuum electric oven, laminate and annealed and melted and remelted under vacuum arc (VAR), laminate and annealed. The results obtained showed a link between the response related to de adsorption and desorption of the hydrogen on the surface and microstructure of these materials
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Horrocks, James. "Mature poets steal : a novel, notes to self, and an extended essay on that work." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.739956.
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This thesis consists of a novel, Notes to Self, and an extended essay examining the composition of that work, its processes and contexts. Notes to Self is the fictional autobiography of my pseudonym, Ted Bonham. It has been assembled from textual fragments of differing lengths, including many that derive from found texts from both literary and non-literary sources. These fragments are written in a diverse range of styles and set in a variety of geographical locations and historical periods, from Neanderthal tribe story to contemporary lab report and from nineteenth century novel to amateur internet polemic. Taken together, these disparate textual fragments reveal Ted's life story. The narrative tells this story approximately chronologically, but within this broad structure fragments are also organised by associative and thematic principles more often discussed in relation to poetry or visual collage. The essay examines the assemblage composition of Notes to Self and its use of the fragment as a unit of composition. It uses analogies to collage and montage to extend critical discourse around the assemblage-text, helping to provide both a vocabulary for practitioners to discuss their work and the theoretical basis to defend it. It also examines how Notes to Self, as the notional autobiography of my pseudonym Ted Bonham, addresses themes of identity and self-narrative and how its fragmentary structure creatively explores and represents our experiences of consciousness and how we construct our narratives of selfhood. In doing so, it seeks to examine how we can make use of assemblage compositions to create new prose work, what these prose works might look like and how these methods can be contextualised and articulated.
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Super, Mathew Anthony. "Why you might steal from Jay-Z an examination of filesharing using techniques of neutralization theory /." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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Roosmark, Viking. "Modelling of spinodal decomposition in the binary Fe-Cr system." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190729.
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Spinodal decomposition is a phenomenon which hinders the usage of ferrite containing steels under certain conditions. With a better understanding and knowledge of spinodal decomposition new ferritic and duplex stainless steels could be designed. The project is divided into two parts, an experimental part and a theoretical part. The aim of the theoretical part was to compare simulated values of the amplitude and wavelength of spinodal decomposition, obtained from solving the Cahn-Hilliard equation with other experimental values. The experimental part is performed as to determine the chemical diffusion coefficient and the mobility of Fe and Cr in the binary Fe-Cr system for lower temperatures using the Boltzmann-Matano method from chemical profiles of different samples. Another purpose with the project is to determine if the methods and the approach which are taken is viable and useful for calculating diffusion coefficients and if it can be used in studies to come. The simulations were in good agreement with other data at higher time intervals, but deviates at lower times. The calculated interdiffusion coefficients were in all cases lower than the expected values and as such the conclusion that is drawn is that the methods which are used could need further development.Spinodalt sönderfall är ett fenomen som hindrar användningen av stål som innehåller ferrit under vissa förutsättningar. Med en större förståelse och mer kunskap om spinodalt sönderfall så kan nya ferritiska och duplexa rostfria stål utformas. Projektet är uppdelat i två delar, en experimentell del och en teoretisk del. Syftet med den teoretiska delen var att jämföra simulerade värden av amplituden och våglängden för spinodalt sönderfall, vilka erhölls från att lösa Cahn-Hilliard ekvationen med andra experimentella värden. Den experimentella delen utförs för att bestämma kemiska diffusionskoefficienter för Fe och Cr i det binära Fe-Cr system för lägre temperaturer med hjälp av Boltzmann-Matano metod från kemiska profiler av olika prover. Ett annat syfte med projektet är att ta reda på om de metoder och tillvägagångssätt som tas är livskraftiga och användbara för beräkning av diffusionskoefficienter och om den kan användas i studier framöver. Simuleringarna var i god överensstämmelse med annan experimentel data vid högre tidsintervall, men avviker vid lägre tider. De beräknade Interdiffusion koefficienterna var i samtliga fall lägre än de förväntade värdena och som sådan, dras slutsatsen att de metoder som används kan förbättras.
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Vijayakumar, Prasad. "Thou shalt not steal, an analysis of the GATT TRIPS copyright provisions and software piracy in India." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ63383.pdf.
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Hlatshwayo, Cyprian G. H. "Sentencing of youth offenders for housebreaking with intent to steal : practices and attitudes of magistrates and prosecutors." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7924.
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Includes bibliography.The researcher's knowledge and experience in probation work, including conducting pre-sentence investigations and compiling pre-trial and presentence reports, inspired him to want to find out more about the attitudes and sentencing practices of magistrates and public prosecutors, specifically in housebreaking offences. Some individuals and communities hold a notion that offenders normally break into properties and steal goods or items mainly because they are hungry, destitute, unemployed, or have no visible means of income. Such a belief may, to a large extent, influence or shape judicial attitudes in the sentencing of youth offenders for housebreaking crimes.
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Cardone, Caroline. "Opportunity makes the thief analysis of the physical cues that influence shoplifter perceptions of the retail interior and the decision to steal /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015826.
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Totting, Jakob. "I wouldn't steal a car but I would download one if I could - En kvalitativ undersökning av fildelning ur ett kriminologiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26890.
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Illegal fildelning är ett världsomfattande problem som har skapat heta debatter i många länder. I Sverige är den illegala fildelningen ett vanligt förekommande fenomen. För att komma till rätta med denna verksamhet har vår egen upphovsrättslag uppdaterats och den omdiskuterade IPRED-lagen införts. Trots detta är företeelsen illegal fildelning fortfarande vanligt förekommande i dagens Sverige. Den här studien har haft som syfte attundersöka varför personer fortfarande fildelar samt vad som skulle få dem att sluta med dennaverksamhet. Resultatet av studien visar bl a att man inte upplever risken för upptäckt och straff som stor. Gratis tillgänglighet av digitalt material på nätet i kombination med dagens snabba och smidiga bredbandsuppkopplingar inbjuder också till fortsatt fildelning. Två kriminologiska teorier; Situationell handlingsteori och Rutinaktivitetsteorin framkommerur denna kvalitativa studie som förklaring till fildelarnas handlande. Utifrån fildelarna självaskulle illegal fildelning kunna fås att upphöra om det infördes fler lagliga alternativ för ”streaming” (strömning) av media eller om kostnaderna för digitalt material på Internet sänktes till en lägre och rimligare nivå. Studien visar således varför den illegala fildelningen fortfarande är vanligt förekommande samt redovisar också några alternativ till den illegala fildelningen. En handling som har gjorts straffbar och därmed en stor del av vår befolkning kriminell.
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Bailey, Kate M. "Manipulating the Tumor Microenvironment for Therapeutic Benefit." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5175.
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The physical tumor microenvironment contributes significantly to carcinogenesis, cancer progression and metastatic dissemination. Two main components of the tumor microenvironment, hypoxia and acidosis, are present in nearly every solid tumor and act as powerful selection forces against the tumor. Hypoxia and acidosis promote tumor heterogeneity and contribute to chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance. This dissertation interrogates methods to target the tumor microenvironment including two novel studies describing mechanisms of buffer therapy resistance and targeting tumor hypoxia with vasodilators to enhance the efficacy of a hypoxia activated prodrug, TH-302.
In the first study, mechanisms of buffer therapy resistance were identified and detailed. Many studies have shown that the acidity of solid tumors contributes to local invasion and metastasis. Oral pH buffers can specifically neutralize the acidic pH of tumors and reduce the incidence of local invasion and metastatic formation in multiple murine models. However, this effect is not universal as we have previously observed that metastasis is not inhibited by buffers in some tumor models, regardless of the buffer used. B16-F10 (murine melanoma), LL/2 (murine lung) and HCT116 (human colon) tumors are resistant to treatment with lysine buffer therapy, whereas metastasis is potently inhibited by lysine buffers in MDA-MB-231 (human breast) and PC3M (human prostate) tumors. In the current work, I confirmed that sensitive cells utilized a pH-dependent mechanism for successful metastasis supported by a highly glycolytic phenotype that acidifies the local tumor microenvironment resulting in morphological changes. In contrast, buffer-resistant cell lines exhibited a pH-independent metastatic mechanism involving constitutive secretion of matrix degrading proteases without elevated glycolysis. These results have identified two distinct mechanisms of experimental metastasis, one of which is pH-dependent (buffer therapy sensitive cells) and one which is pH-independent (buffer therapy resistant cells). Further characterization of these models has potential for therapeutic benefit.
In the second study, improving the efficacy of hypoxia activated prodrug, TH-302, through induction of hypoxia was investigated. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas are desmoplastic and hypoxic tumors, both of which are associated with poor prognosis. Hypoxia activated prodrugs, such as TH-302, are specifically activated in hypoxic environments and are now in a Phase III clinical trial in pancreatic cancer. Using animal models, we show that tumor hypoxia can be exacerbated using a vasodilator, hydralazine, improving TH-302 efficacy. Hydralazine reduces tumor blood flow through the "Steal" phenomenon, where atonal immature tumor vasculature fails to dilate in coordination with normal vasculature. The current study shows that MiaPaCa-2 tumors exhibit a "Steal" effect in response to hydralazine, resulting in decreased tumor blood flow and subsequent tumor pH reduction. The effect is not observed in SU.86.86 tumors with mature tumor vasculature, as measured by CD31 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) immunohistochemistry staining. Combination therapy of hydralazine and TH-302 resulted in a reduction in MiaPaCa-2 tumor volume growth after 18 days of treatment. Further optimization of hypoxia-inducing agents and dosing regimens may lead to increased TH-302 activity, potentially improving clinical outcome.
The data presented here demonstrate methods to effectively target the tumor microenvironment for therapeutic benefit. Further investigation into mechanisms of action and biomarkers for therapy response may have important implications on clinical treatment regimens for cancer patients.
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Bass, Matthew Ian. "Steam oxidation of shot peened austenitic stainless steel." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8046/.
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Shot peened steel tubing made from 304HCu-grade austenitic stainless steel was exposed to temperatures of 600-750°C in three atmospheres: vacuum, deoxygenated atmospheric pressure steam and deoxygenated 70bar steam. The microstructural changes and oxide morphologies of the shot peened material were observed with SEM, TEM, microhardness testing and TKD mapping. An estimate of the lifetime of the shot peened microstructure in service conditions was made based on service temperature. MnCr2O4 spinel was observed on oxidized samples and the consequences of this are discussed.
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Biswas, Abhishek [Verfasser], Alexander [Gutachter] Hartmaier, and Gunther [Gutachter] Eggeler. "Study of the influence of microstructural features of 316L stainless steal produced by selective laser melting on its mechanical properties / Abhishek Biswas ; Gutachter: Alexander Hartmaier, Gunther Eggeler ; Fakultät für Maschinenbau." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1223175545/34.
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Kepplinger, Jessica, Kristian Barlinn, Stanislava Kolieskova, Reza Bavarsad Shahripour, Lars-Peder Pallesen, Wiebke Schrempf, Xina Grählert, et al. "Reversal of the neurological deficit in acute stroke with the signal of efficacy trial of auto-BPAP to limit damage from suspected sleep apnea (Reverse-STEAL): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-127301.
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Background: Although the negative impact of sleep apnea on the clinical course of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is well known, data regarding non-invasive ventilation in acute patients are scarce. Several studies have shown its tolerability and safety, yet no controlled randomized sequential phase studies exist that aim to establish the efficacy of early non-invasive ventilation in AIS patients.
Methods/design: We decided to examine our hypothesis that early non-invasive ventilation with auto-titrating bilevel positive airway pressure (auto-BPAP) positively affects short-term clinical outcomes in AIS patients. We perform a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled, third rater- blinded, parallel-group trial. Patients with AIS with proximal arterial obstruction and clinically suspected sleep apnea will be randomized to standard stroke care alone or standard stroke care plus auto-BPAP. Auto-BPAP will be initiated within 24 hours of stroke onset and performed for a maximum of 48 hours during diurnal and nocturnal sleep. Patients will undergo unattended cardiorespiratory polygraphy between days three and five to assess sleep apnea. Our primary endpoint will be any early neurological improvement on the NIHSS at 72 hours from randomization. Safety, tolerability, short-term and three-months functional outcomes will be assessed as secondary endpoints by un-blinded and blinded observers respectively.
Discussion: We expect that this study will advance our understanding of how early treatment with non-invasive ventilation can counterbalance, or possibly reverse, the deleterious effects of sleep apnea in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. The study will provide preliminary data to power a subsequent phase III study.
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Kepplinger, Jessica, Kristian Barlinn, Stanislava Kolieskova, Reza Bavarsad Shahripour, Lars-Peder Pallesen, Wiebke Schrempf, Xina Grählert, et al. "Reversal of the neurological deficit in acute stroke with the signal of efficacy trial of auto-BPAP to limit damage from suspected sleep apnea (Reverse-STEAL): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial." BioMed Central, 2013. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27295.
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Background: Although the negative impact of sleep apnea on the clinical course of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is well known, data regarding non-invasive ventilation in acute patients are scarce. Several studies have shown its tolerability and safety, yet no controlled randomized sequential phase studies exist that aim to establish the efficacy of early non-invasive ventilation in AIS patients.
Methods/design: We decided to examine our hypothesis that early non-invasive ventilation with auto-titrating bilevel positive airway pressure (auto-BPAP) positively affects short-term clinical outcomes in AIS patients. We perform a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled, third rater- blinded, parallel-group trial. Patients with AIS with proximal arterial obstruction and clinically suspected sleep apnea will be randomized to standard stroke care alone or standard stroke care plus auto-BPAP. Auto-BPAP will be initiated within 24 hours of stroke onset and performed for a maximum of 48 hours during diurnal and nocturnal sleep. Patients will undergo unattended cardiorespiratory polygraphy between days three and five to assess sleep apnea. Our primary endpoint will be any early neurological improvement on the NIHSS at 72 hours from randomization. Safety, tolerability, short-term and three-months functional outcomes will be assessed as secondary endpoints by un-blinded and blinded observers respectively.
Discussion: We expect that this study will advance our understanding of how early treatment with non-invasive ventilation can counterbalance, or possibly reverse, the deleterious effects of sleep apnea in the acute phase of ischemic stroke. The study will provide preliminary data to power a subsequent phase III study.
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Forcier, Angela. ""If you keep your problems in your stomach the dogs cannot steal them" : trauma, forgiveness, and con-viviality in Rwanda : an ethnographic study following the healing and rebuilding our communities (HROC) project in Gisenyi, Rwanda." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12220.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 75-79).
By bringing together survivors of the genocide with released prisoners to discuss trauma, healing, and trust, Healing and Rebuilding Our Communities (HROC) in Rwanda may help people to broaden their networks of support and rebuild everyday life. ... After 1994, Rwandans, particularly in Gisenyi, found that many neighbours were strangers and members of "the other side". Few Rwandans are able to meet their daily needs without accessing relationships of reciprocity, so how are such relation- ships established after genocide? In this thesis I argue that restoring relationships of reciprocity is critical to the restoration of the everyday in Rwanda. The genocide in 1994 was unarguably a traumatic experience for the population in Rwanda, and it damaged common modes of social interaction. But for those I spoke to, forgiveness was important to the process of healing...
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Mobbs, Rebecca-Louise. "Cyclic steam oxidation of a steel for biomass power plant application." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8205/.
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Austenitic stainless steels are commonly used as heat exchanger tubing in power plants. As a result, this class of steels have been optimised to withstand high temperatures and pressures. However, under these conditions, the alloy will experience oxidation which greatly affects the lifetime of the materials. The increased likelihood of more cyclic operating conditions means a greater level of understanding of the oxidation and spallation behaviour of these alloys is required. High temperature oxidation studies available in the literature principally emphasise isothermal oxidation of flat plates rather than curved surfaces representative of boiler tubing. The isothermal and cyclic steam oxidation and spallation behaviour of TP347H FG was studied in this thesis. Electron microscopy and elemental characterisation showed the oxide encompasses an inner Fe-Cr-Ni spinel and an outer magnetite layer. A haematite layer forms during initial stages of oxidation in air-saturated steam conditions similar to the oxides formed in plant. The use of a novel technique, termed STORME, made it possible to identify the chemistry of the spalled oxide and also allowed calculations of the interfacial fracture energy to be made and the spallation mechanism to be identified. Modelling of the spallation observed enables predictions of spallation behaviour to be made.
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Tossey, Brett M. "Steam Oxidation Resistance of Shot Peened Austenitic Stainless Steel Superheater Tubes." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306261300.
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Simmons, Richard Thomas. "Steam, steel and Lizzie the elephant : the steel industry, transport technology and urban development in Sheffield, 1800-1914." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27859.
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This thesis examines the relationships between the development of transport systems and manufacturing technology, and the effect of these and other factors on industrial location within cities. To study these relationships in isolation from the effects of state planning, the focus is the evolution of Sheffield's steel industry from 1800-1914, and the consequences for the emerging city. Industrial location and urban theories are compared, and the psychology underlying decision making is discussed. Variables proposed by these theories as influences on location decisions are reviewed, including accessibility and transport costs; technological and organisational change; urban infrastructure; the influence of land owners and markets on land supply; and topography and environmental issues. Sheffield's topography, communications, industrial and urban growth are described. The distribution of the steel industry is plotted decennially. Contemporary data suggesting the reasons for location decisions are analysed. There follow examinations of local goods distribution, and how the extension of public transport affected labour mobility. Two case studies explore the development of an industrial suburb by the Dukes of Norfolk, and the establishment of a large steel works. The thesis concludes that industrialists usually perceived their location decisions to be economically rational - a weighing up of variables including:- balancing the cost and convenience of goods transport within the wider production function; access to labour; the unfettered ability to pollute; availability of large, level sites; and some intangible factors. The scale of a plant was significant in determining whether a company required (or could afford) direct rail access, and railways priced services to discriminate in favour of firms with such access. Landowners co-operated with the industrial land market, but also influenced it, planning for industrial development; controlling land uses; and reserving sites speculatively. This restricted the ability of the steel industry to choose sites freely, and develop rational plant layouts.
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Newby, Mark. "Optimisation of shot peening for 12Cr steel in steam turbine blade applications." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1493.
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Power generation in thermal stations typically relies on large steam turbines. The corrosion resistant steel blades used in the last stage of a typical low pressure rotor set are approximately 1m long and experience high centrifugal loading during service. They operate in a wet steam environment, at approximately 60°C while rotating at 3000rpm, and failure modes include high and low cycle fatigue, stress corrosion cracking or corrosion fatigue. The blades are retained by a fir tree root which is normally shot-peened to generate compressive residual stresses that resist crack initiation. Finite element (FE) modelling has indicated that, in the absence of shot-peening, stresses above yield are induced at the fir tree root during operation. In a shot-peened blade these lead to relaxation of the shot peening residual stresses. To date, no systematic information has been obtained on the level of residual stresses induced in the fir tree by shot-peening and their subsequent relaxation during service loading, nor are there any guidelines as to the magnitude of residual stresses necessary to ensure integrity of the turbine over a life span of at least twenty years. At least one of these blades has suffered catastrophic failure in recent years causing severe damage, in excess of €100M, to the turbine-generator set on a South African power station [1]. This thesis reports results from a comprehensive program of residual stress measurements at the shot-peened fir tree roots of service blades, and in specimens that simulate the root conditions, using diffraction data from laboratory and synchrotron X-ray radiation (SXRD). Shot-peening coverage between 75% and 200% was used and stresses were measured over a depth of 5mm into the blades/specimens. Measurements were made in the as-peened condition and after applying cyclic stresses representative of overspeed proof testing and of service operation. The results were used to calibrate FE modelling of residual stresses and as input into fatigue life prediction.
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Kupka, Tomáš. "ResPublica/Civitas Socialis – Strachotín, l. p. 2017." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-316360.
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Strachotín is a village on the edge, not just from geological point of view, but in the sense it´s next development too. Currently it´s main problem is, that it does not offer anything specific to become interesting for turists. There are not the best wine, architecture, accomodation, catering or public services. What it does have is undoubtedly the best view of Palava massif. It is not used at all and that was the main reason that led me to think of building at the pier so this attribute could be finally used for further development of this village. For this purpose i chose the object gallery of wine which is missing here and is also welcomed by it´s citizens.
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Sui, Gaoyi. "Some aspects of stress corrosion cracking of Type 316 stainless steel steam generator tubes." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481644.
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Incheck, George A. "Effect of fin height on film condensation of steam on stainless steel integral-fin tubes." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA296706.
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Azeez, Ahmed. "Effect of dwell time on stress intensity factor of ferritic steel for steam turbine applications." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148283.
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In the transition from conventional to green energy production resources, steam turbines are used to satisfy the lack of energy during peaks in the demand times and the limited access of renewable resources. This type of usage for steam turbines makes them operate on a flexible schedule, which leads to unpredictable issues related to shorter component life and faster crack propagation. Thus, the steam turbine components must be examined to determine their specific life period. This will help set proper maintenance intervals and prevent unexpected failures. For that, thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) testing is used, where a specimen made of the same material as the turbine component is subjected to both temperature and load variation. The specimen is pre-cracked to investigate the crack propagation behavior, which is the focus of this study. This thesis work concentrates on simulating the TMF cycle for the steam turbine casing component. The material is 9%-10%Cr ferritic steel. The aim is to understand the material behavior during crack propagation and to predict a useful testing parameter. The method provided in this work discusses two cases, both are out-of-phase (OP) TMF tests with strain control. The maximum and minimum temperatures for the cycle are 600 ˚C and 400 ˚C respectively, while the maximum and minimum strain levels are 0 and respectively. The study will investigate different , which is the maximum compressive strain level. Case 1 has a dwell time at the maximum temperature only, while case 2 has dwell times at both maximum and minimum temperatures. The method utilizes the stress intensity factor (SIF) to characterize the crack tip conditions. Also, it uses Paris' law to estimate the duration of the tests. For simplification, only the elastic behavior of the material is considered. The results obtained show no effect of using different pre-crack lengths due to the strain control condition. Minor effects can be observed by using different dwell times, however very short dwell times must be avoided to produce reliable results. A recommended dwell time of 5 minutes could be used, since longer dwell times will make the test prohibitively time-consuming. The compressive strain levels used in the work shows large effects on the results. Using low compressive strain values will produce a very long time for the tests, while very high compressive strains produce large plasticity. Thus, high compressive strains must be avoided since the SIF describes cracks for only elastic or near elastic cases. Also, small compressive strain levels in case 2 should not be used since it will lead to results like case 1. This is due to the small creep effect at the minimum temperature. Finally, compressive strain levels of 0.6 %, 0.5 % and 0.4 % are recommended for case 1, while only 0.6 % compressive strain level is recommended for case 2. This thesis contributes to the fields of solid mechanics, fracture mechanics and the use of TMF testing, where a recommended set of testing parameters are provided.
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Azeez, Ahmed. "High-Temperature Fatigue in a Steam Turbine Steel : Modelling of Cyclic Deformation and Crack Closure." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-173354.
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Existing conventional thermal power plants are retrofitted for flexible operations to assist the transition toward more renewable energies. The deployment of many renewable energy power plants is necessary to achieve a clean environment with less pollution. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energies, due to weather changes, and the lack of efficient large energy storage systems put renewables at a disadvantage. Flexible operations of power plants imply fast and frequent start-ups. Thus, retrofitted power production plants can be utilised as an energy backup to satisfy the immediate demand during peak energy times or when renewable energies are suddenly limited. Large thermal power plants generally employ steam turbines with high inlet temperature and pressure steam conditions. Materials used for components at the high-temperature turbine sections are expected to withstand harsh environments. The use of 9-12 % Cr martensitic steels is desirable due to, among other things, their superior resistance to creep for temperatures up to 625 °C. Retrofitting for flexible operations put steam turbine components under high-temperature fatigue loading conditions different from how they were designed before. The flexible operations could lead to fatigue cracking at critical locations, such as grooves and notches at the inner steam turbine casing. Thus, fatigue behaviour understanding of steam turbine materials under such loading conditions is essential for components life prediction. Accurate and less conservative fatigue life prediction approach is necessary to extend the turbine components life, which reduces waste and provides economic benefits. This can be done by extending operations past crack initiation phase and allowing controlled propagation of cracks in the components. Within the 9-12 % Cr steel class, the martensitic steam turbine steel called FB2 is studied under high-temperature fatigue. This includes investigating high-temperature fatigue life behaviour, cyclic deformation behaviour, stress relaxation behaviour, and crack propagation behaviour along with crack closure behaviour. This was achieved by experimentally testing samples made from FB2 steel under isothermal low cycle fatigue, isothermal fatigue crack propagation, and thermomechanical fatigue crack propagation.
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Rebak, Raúl Basilio. "Environmentally induced cracking in alloy 600 and SA 302 steel in pressurized water reactor steam generator conditions /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487846885777343.
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Hartigan, Timothy James. "Effects of notches and fretting on fatigue of steam turbine materials at 524°C." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16726.
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Nakano, Livio. ""Avaliação objetiva da isquemia de membros superiores: uso do dinamômetro isocinético"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-03012006-085500/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o teste de esforço com o dinamômetro isocinético na avaliação objetiva da isquemia funcional da doença arterial oclusiva de membros superiores (DAOMS). Reuniu-se 23 pacientes com DAOMS unilateral, no grupo 1. Sete pacientes, sem DAOMS foram selecionados como o grupo controle (grupo 2). Os membros testados sem DAOMS do grupo 1 e do grupo 2 não apresentaram diferença estatística. A comparação de cada membro dos pacientes do grupo 1, com e sem DAOMS mostrou que os membros com DAOMS apresentaram desempenho significativamente menor que os membros sem lesão. Este teste permite a avaliação objetiva da limitação causada pela DAOMS de forma segura e objetivaThe objective of this work is to present the results of a stress test using an isokinetic dynamometer in patients with occlusive arterial disease in upper limbs (OADUL). Group 1 has 23 patients with unilateral subclavian occlusive disease. Seven patients, without OADUL, were included in a control group (group 2). No statistically difference was found in all parameters studied between limbs without OADUL in groups 1 and 2. So, each arm in group 1 (with and without OADUL) were tested. For all these parameters, the SOD limbs presented significantly lower values than the control limbs. This test gives an objective grade of limitation of the muscle function in patients with OADUL
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Wipplinger, Karl Paul Martin. "Utilising a high pressure, cross flow, stainless steel fintube heat exchanger for direct steam generation from recovered waste heat." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50217.
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Thesis (MScEng) -- Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Around the world the implementation of heat recovery systems is playing an increasingly important role in the engineering inqustry. The recovered energy is utilised in the plants and saves companies millions in expenses per year. Not only is this seen on the grand scale of industry, but also in everyday life, where for instance turbochargers are used to boost the performance of automobiles by utilising the wasted energy expelled along with exhaust gasses. The aim of this project is to investigate a small scale waste heat recovery system, and to determine the optimum method by which to convert the recovered energy into electrical energy, which can be used as a secondary energy source. The research contained in this thesis, centres on the main components and theory needed for the construction of a small scale waste heat recovery system. Also included, is a theoretical analysis concerning the design and construction of the system, utilising researched theory and a simulation program of the recovery system. The simulation is control volume-based and generates property data on the fluid and exhaust gas throughout the heat exchanger. The final design included a finite element stress analysis of certain parts of the system to ensure safe testing at high pressures and temperatures. The final design resulted in a high pressure, cross flow, stainless steel fintube heat exchanger that, by using a continuous combustion unit as energy source and water as the working fluid, reached efficiencies of up to 74% in direct steam generation testing. The tube-side of the heat exchanger was designed to withstand pressures of up to 2MPa (20bar), which is imperative for the implementation of the next phase, where a turbocharger will be connected to the heat exchanger. The completion of this part of the project has paved the way for further development and implementation of the heat recovery system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die herwinning van energie begin 'n toenemend belangrike rol in die ingenieurs industrie speel. Die herwonne energie word in fabrieke ben ut en spaar maatskappye milj oene aan uitgawes per jaar. Hierdie beginsel word nie net in die grootskaalse nywerhede toegepas nie, maar ook in die allerdaagse lewe, soos byvoorbeeld in voertuie waar turbo-aanjaers gebruik word om die energie-uitset van enjins te verhoog deur bloot gebruik te maak van die verlore energie wat saam met die uitlaatgasse in die atmosfeer gepomp word. Die doel van hierdie projek is om 'n kleinskaalse energieherwinningstelsel te ondersoek en die mees effektiewe metode te vind om die herwinde energie na elektriese energie om te skakel wat as 'n sekondere energiebron gebruik kan word. Die navorsing bevat in die tesis, kyk na al die hoofkomponente en teoretiese kennis wat nodig is vir die konstruksie van 'n kleinskaalse hitteherwinningstelsel. Ook ingesluit is 'n teoretiese analise ten opsigte van die ontwerp en konstruksie van die sisteem. Dit behels die gebruik van nagevorsde teorie saam met 'n simulasie program van die herwinnings stelsel. Die simulasie program is op kontrole volumes gebasseet en genereer uitlaatgas- en water eienskappe soos dit deur die hitteruiler vloei. Die finale ontwerp bevat 'n eindige element spannmgs analise van sekere kritiese komponente in die stelsel om die veilige gebruik van die sisteem by hoe drukke en temperature te verseker. Die finale ontwerp was 'n hoedruk, kruisvloei, vlekvrye staal finbuis hitteruiler. Deur 'n konstante verbrandingseenheid as energiebron te gebruik saam met water as werksvloeier, het die hitteruiler effektiwiteite van tot 74% in direkte stoomgenerasie-toetse bereik. Die hitteruiler is ontwerp om hoe drukke van tot 2MPa (20bar) te hanteer wat baie belangrik is vir die implementasie van die volgende fase van die projek waar 'n turbo-aanjaer aan die stelsel gekoppel sal. Die suksesvolle voltooiing van hierdie fase van die projek het die weg gebaan vir die verdere ontwikkeling en implimentasie van die energieherwinningsstelsel.
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Guimarães, Ramiro Carlos. "Efeito da ferro-oxidação a vapor antes e após operação de usinagem na resistência ao desgaste de ferro sinterizado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18150/tde-13062008-092505/.
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Neste trabalho verificou-se o efeito da ferroxidação a vapor, aplicada antes e após operações de usinagem de acabamento final, na resistência ao desgaste de um ferro sinterizado, utilizado na fabricação de bielas usadas em mancais de deslizamento de compressor hermético. Ensaios micrográficos, de dureza e microdureza, ensaios de perfil e circularidade, testes de vida acelerados em um compressor hermético doméstico de refrigeração e ensaios de microdesgaste, usando-se o mesmo tipo de óleo aplicado em compressores, ou abrasivos com diferentes granulometrias, foram realizados em peças e amostras com e sem a camada ferroxidada. Verificou-se que a camada ferroxidada apresentou valores de durezas superiores ao do substrato em 130%. No caso das amostras ferroxidadas, os resultados indicaram significativa melhora na resistência ao desgaste tanto no teste de aplicação direta no compressor, demonstrado nos testes de perfis e de circularidades, como nos ensaios de microdesgaste, evidenciando a grande efetividade desse tratamento no aumento da resistência ao desgaste nas condições testadas neste trabalho.The intent of this work was to verify the effect of steam treatment applied before and after finishing machining operations on wear resistance of sintered steel used in the manufacturing of connecting rod applied in sliding bearings of hermetic compressor. Micrographic tests, hardness and micro hardness, test profile and roundness, accelerated endurance test in domestic refrigeration hermetic compressor and micro wear test using the same oil used in the compressor or abrasive with different grain size were made on parts and samples with and without oxide layer. It was verified that the oxide layer indicated hardness values over 130% than that of the substrate. In the case of layer oxide, the results showed significant improvement on wear resistance in the direct compressor application shown by test profile and roundness as well as micro wear test, showing the high efficiency of treatment increasing the wear resistance in the conditions tested in this work.
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Simsir, Mehmet. "Investigation Of Fracture Behavior Of Steel/steel Laminates." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604834/index.pdf.
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A study is carried out into fracture behavior of steel/steel laminates both experimentally and through finite element analysis (FEM). The laminates produced by hot pressing consisted of low carbon and medium carbon steels with two volume fractions0.41 and 0.81. Fracture toughness, JIC has been measured using partial unloading technique assuming a critical value of crack extension. The technique is initially applied to monolithic material and then to the laminates in crack divider orientation. Evaluation of fracture toughness of laminates indicates that there is a substantial improvement of JIC with increase in the volume fraction. The systems under study were also evaluated by FEM modeling with the use MARC package program. To evaluate JIC, the problem has been evaluated in several steps
first two-dimensional plane strain problem is considered. This is followed by three-dimensional case and then by an artificially layered system, all for monolithic materials. Values of JIC derived were close to one another in all cases. Following this verification, the method, as implemented in layered monolithic system, was applied to laminates. This has shown that JIC of laminates can be predicted using FEM analysis, including the delamination. Values of JIC varied in the same manner as the experiment verifying that fracture toughness in the current system increases with increase in volume fraction. It has been concluded that modeling as implemented in this work can be used for useful composite systems incorporating hard/brittle reinforcements both in crack divider and crack arrester orientation.
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Silva, Jose Hilton Ferreira da. "Proposta de um novo ensaio para avaliar a susceptibilidade de metais de solda ao fenomeno de trincas induzidas pelo hidrogenio em diferentes ambientes." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263156.
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Orientador: Roseana da Exaltação TrevisanTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia mecanica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T08:55:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_JoseHiltonFerreirada_D.pdf: 14751352 bytes, checksum: 7fbb40ac7c73c18bb5c602fe3a79f20d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005
Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal propor um novo ensaio para avaliar a susceptibilidade de metais de solda ao fenômeno de trincas induzidas pelo hidrogênio em diferentes ambientes. O novo ensaio é composto de duas propostas: a primeira consiste em viabilizar a aplicação do teste G-BOP (Gapped Bead-On-Plate) em chapas finas: a espessura do corpo de prova (50,8mm) é obtida através da montagem de blocos conjugados com chapas finas do aço avaliado como metal de base e chapas de aço ABNT 1020; a segunda proposta baseia-se numa metodologia para realizar os ensaios do teste G-BOP em um ambiente saturado com H2S. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi usado o processo de soldagem a arco com eletrodo tubular (FCAW). Os parâmetros de controle utilizados foram a energia nominal de soldagem e a constante de deposição. O desenvolvimento experimental foi realizado de forma totalmente aleatória, com o auxílio de um procedimento conhecido como planejamento fatorial (PF); foram utilizadas como variáveis de influência o tipo de arame tubular, a temperatura de preaquecimento e o ambiente de ensaio. Como variável de resposta foi avaliado o percentual de trincas de hidrogênio (TH)presente no metal de solda do aço API X80. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e validados para uma confiança de 90%. Os resultados de trincas de hidrogênio foram discutidos em função da composição química, microestrutura, modos de fraturas e hidrogênio residual do metal de solda. Concluiu-se que a nova proposta de teste G-BOP modificado foi eficaz na avaliação da sensibilidade dos metais de solda ao trincamento induzido pelo hidrogênio; a exposição ao H2S fragilizou os metais de solda executados à temperatura ambiente e aumentou a susceptibilidade dos arames tubulares às trincas de hidrogênio. Ainda como resultados deste trabalho pode-se concluir que o preaquecimento do aço API X80 evitou o trincamento do metal de solda e que os arames tubulares mostraram-se susceptíveis ao trincamento por hidrogênio quando soldados à temperatura ambiente
Abstract: The main objective ofthis work is to propose a new test to evaluate the susceptibility of weld metaIs to the phenomenon ofhydrogen induced cracking in different environrnents. The new test is a combination oftwo procedures: the first is to make possible the application of GBOP (Gapped Bead-on-Plate) test on steel sheets. The thickness ofthe workpiece (2 inches) is gotten through the sandwich assembly with steel sheets of the evaluated steel as weld metal and ABNT 1020 steel; the second is to carry out the G-BOP tests in a H2Ssaturated environrnent. The tests were perfonned with the Flux Cored Arc Welding process (FCAW). Welding energy and the deposition were kept constant during the tests. The experimental were carried out with a random factorial designoThe input variables were cored wire kind, preheat temperature and environrnent testoThe hydrogen cracking percentage in weld metal of API X80 steel was the output variable. Results were submitted to a variance analysis and a 90% confidence interval was utilized. The results of cold cracking were discussed in function ofthe chemical composition, microstructure, fracture mode and trapped hydrogen in weld metal. It can be concludedthat the new modified GBOP test proposed was powerful in the evaluation of the sensitivity ofweld metaIs to the hydrogen induced cracking; the H2S rich environrnent brittled the weld metal executed at room temperature and increased the susceptibility ofthe cored wires to hydrogen induced cracking. Furthermore, the preheat temperature of API X80 steel avoided the cold cracking in weld metal and, the cored wires showed susceptibility to hydrogen cracking when welded at room temperature
Doutorado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
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Coyle, Neil Robert. "Development of fully composite steel-concrete-steel beam elements." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270046.
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Steel-Concrete-Steel (SCS) composite construction consists of two relatively thin steel plates with the space between filled with concrete. Various forms of this construction exist, using overlapping shear studs and single bar connectors to provide shear reinforcement to the concrete and provide a shear transfer at the interface. The problem with current systems that rely purely upon shear studs or bar connectors is that they are prone to slip between the steel faceplates and concrete core. This slip leads to a loss of composite action causing a loss of stiffness and a reduced fatigue life. An extensive experimental programme consisting of 32 beam specimens and 34 other small scale specimens formed the basis for the study of the behaviour of surfaced SCS specimens under a variety of load conditions. The results of this test program showed that surfaced SCS specimens behaved in a more composite manner. This increase in composite action manifested itself in a number of ways. • Reduced slip between steel plate and concrete core • Increased stiffness of specimen • More even crack distribution This extensive experimental study was backed up with an analytical study to understand and predict the behaviour of the surfaced SCS elements. This study has led to a new method of predicting the capacity of such sections, to a greater degree of accuracy than current methods allow. Further to this a FE parametric study was carried out to investigate the sensitivity of the elements to changes in the main geometrical and material variables.
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Foundoukos, Nickolaos. "Behaviour and design of steel-concrete-steel sandwich construction." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8819.
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Ho, Ho-chuen Federick. "Ferrous metal balance of Hong Kong : consumption, waste generation, recycling and disposal /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18734893.
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Nyberg, Thomas. "Process steam : Steam conditioning at a pulp and paper mill." Thesis, Karlstad University, Division for Engineering Sciences, Physics and Mathematics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-582.
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Abstract
This report is the result of an examination work at the University of Karlstad. The purpose of this project is to examine how the condition of the steam affects the efficiency of the steam consumers and how variations in that condition affect a pulp and paper mill.
This report is meant to describe the main components regarding steam production, steam conditioning and steam consumption. It should also be able to give basic information about the significance of steam conditioning in the pulp and paper industry. It is aimed to people working with steam conditioning to increase their understanding and knowledge about it.
The aim of this report is to:
• Describe the function of the most commonly used steam generators and the difference between these.
• Identify the main steam consumers and describe their function.
• Give an introduction to steam conditioning and its role at a pulp and paper mill.
This report will try to answer the following questions:
• How does the generated power from back-pressure steam turbines vary with grade of superheat of outlet steam?
• What are the advantages with steam conditioning?
• Are the steam conditioners at Gruvöns bruk able to deliver steam at the right condition?
The conclusions from this report are that;
• If the steam conditioning valves are able to reduce small steam flows to the correct temperature, more power can be produced. The design condition of the steam turbines can than be nearer saturation.
• The temperature variations are more critical at the turbine inlet than downstream the steam conditioning valves. The valves at Gruvöns bruk who are studied in this report, are fully functioning.
• Common for the main steam consumers at pulp- and paper mills are that they are all sensitive for variations of steam temperature, especially high temperature.
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Mahdavian, Mahsa. "Innovative Cold-Formed Steel Shear Walls with Corrugated Steel Sheathing." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc849608/.
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This thesis presents two major sections with the objective of introducing a new cold-formed steel (CFS) shear wall system with corrugated steel sheathings. The work shown herein includes the development of an optimal shear wall system as well as an optimal slit configuration for the CFS corrugated sheathings which result in a CFS shear wall with high ductility, high strength, high stiffness and overall high performance. The conclusion is based on the results of 36 full-scale shear wall tests performed in the structural laboratory of the University of North Texas. A variety of shear walls were the subject of this research to make further discussions and conclusions based on different sheathing materials, slit configurations, wall configurations, sheathing connection methods, wall dimensions, shear wall member thicknesses, and etc. The walls were subject to cyclic (CUREE protocol) lateral loading to study their deformations and structural performances. The optimal sit configuration for CFS shear walls with corrugated steel sheathings was found to be 12×2 in. vertical slits in 6 rows. The failure mode observed in this shear wall system was the connection failure between the sheathing and the framing members. Also, most of the shear walls tested displayed local buckling of the chord framing members located above the hold-down locations. The second section includes details of developing a Finite Element Model (FEM) in ABAQUS software to analyze the lateral response of the new shear wall systems. Different modeling techniques were used to define each element of the CFS shear wall and are reported herein. Material properties from coupon test results are applied. Connection tests are performed to define pinching paths to model fasteners with hysteretic user-defined elements. Element interactions, boundary conditions and loading applications are consistent with full scale tests. CFS members and corrugated sheathings are modeled with shell elements, sheathing-to-frame fasteners are modeled using nonlinear springs (SPRING2 elements) for monotonic models and a general user defined element (user subroutine UEL) for cyclic models. Hold-downs are defined by boundary conditions. A total of three models were developed and validated by comparing ABAQUS results to full scale test results.
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Skoglund, Oskar. "Innovative structural details using high strength steel for steel bridges." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Bro- och stålbyggnad, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259949.
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The use of high strength steel has the potential to reduce the amount of steel used in bridge structures and thereby facilitate a more sustainable construction. The amount of steel and what steel grade that can be used in bridge structures and other cyclic loaded structures are often limited by a material degradation process called fatigue. The fatigue resistance of steel bridges are to a large extent depending on the design of structural details and connections. The design engineer is limited by a few pre-existing structural details and connections – with rather poor fatigue resistance – to choose from when designing steel bridges, and is therefore often forced to increase the overall dimensions of the structure in order to cope with the design requirements of fatigue. This licentiate thesis aims at increasing the fatigue resistance of fatigue prone structural details and connections by implementing new and innovative structural solutions to the already pre-existing details given in the design standards. A typical fatigue prone detail is the vertical stiffener at an intermediate cross-beam, which will be in focus. By improving the fatigue resistance, less steel material will be required for the construction of new steel bridges and composite bridges of steel and concrete. It is shown in this thesis and the appended papers that the use of high strength steel for bridge structures can considerably reduce the amount of steel used, the steel cost and the harmful emissions. However, this is only true if the fatigue strength of critical details can be substantially improved. Furthermore, a few new and innovative structural details and modifications to already existing details are proposed in this thesis and in the appended papers, that have the potential to increase the fatigue resistance of steel bridges and composite bridges of steel and concrete. However, further analyses are required in order to make these structural details viable for construction.Genom användandet av höghållfast stål så kan en mindre mängd material användas som i sin tur leder till ett mer hållbart byggande. Mängden stål och vilken stålkvalité som kan användas vid byggandet av stålbroar och andra cykliskt belastade konstruktioner avgörs ofta av nedbrytningsprocessen utmattning. Utmatningskapaciteten hos stålbroar är till stor del beroende av brons anslutningsdetaljer. Brokonstruktören har vid designstadiet ett begränsat antal beprövade anslutningsdetaljer att välja bland – vilka ofta har relativt låg utmattningskapacitet – och konstruktören är därmed ofta tvungen att öka konstruktionens dimensioner för att klara av kraven gällande utmattning. Den har licentiatuppsatsen har till syfte att förbättra utmattningskapaciteten för utmattningsbenägna anslutningsdetaljer i stål genom att införa nya och innovativa anslutningsdetaljer, bland de redan existerande detaljerna som finns i de olika standarderna. En utmattningskritisk detalj som kommer att ligga i fokus är anslutningen mellan livavstyvningen och tvärförbanden hos en I-balk. Genom att förbättra utmattningskapaciteten så kan en mindre mängd stålmaterial användas vid byggandet av stålbroar och samverkansbroar i betong och stål. I denna uppsatsen kunde det påvisas att höghallfast stål for broar kan betydligt sänka mängden stålmaterial, stålkostnaden och koldioxidutsläppen. Dock så gäller detta enbart om utmattningskapaciteten for kritiska anslutningsdetaljer kan ökas avsevärt. Dessutom, som en del av den har uppsatsen så har ett par nya och innovativa anslutningsdetaljer föreslagits som har potential att forbättra utmattningskapaciteten. Dock, så krävs ytterligare studier for att dessa förslag skall kunna användas i byggnation av nya stålbroar.
QC 20190925
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McCann, Robert K. "Loading Capacity of Massillon Steel Joist and Truscon Steel Joist." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1494286003564687.
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Nekouie, Esfahani Mohammadreza. "Laser welding of dissimilar carbon steel to stainless steel 316L." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19760.
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Laser welding of metals and alloys is extensively used in industry due to its advantages of controlled heating, narrow weld bead, low heat affected zone (HAZ) and its ability to weld a wide range of metals and dissimilar metals. Laser welding of dissimilar metals such as carbon steels and stainless steel is still a challenging task, particularly due to the formation of brittle phases in the weld, martensitic formation in the HAZ and solidification cracking in the fusion zone. These issues can significantly deteriorate the strength of the welded joint. The aim of this work is to investigate the fundamental phenomena that occur inside the dissimilar weld zone and their effect on weld quality. In order to establish the key process variables, an initial study concentrated on the effect of different laser process parameters on dissimilar weld quality. In the second part of the work, a comprehensive study was performed to understand and subsequently control the alloying composition in laser dissimilar welding of austenitic stainless steel and low carbon steel. A dissimilar weld that is predominantly austenitic and homogeneous was obtained by controlling the melt pool dynamics through specific point energy and beam alignment. The significance of dilution and alloying elements on joint strength was established. A coupled CFD and FEM numerical model was developed to assist in understanding the melt pool dynamics and transportation processes of alloying elements. The model has been validated by a series of laser welding experiments using various levels of specific point energy. The laser welding characteristics in terms of geometric dimensions, surface morphology, alloying concentration, and dilution, were compared, and it is concluded that the specific point energy and laser beam position are the key parameters that can be controlled to obtain a weld bead with characteristics most suitable for industrial applications. In the third part of the work, a comparative study was performed to understand the significance of cooling rate, and alloying composition on the microstructure and phase structure of the dissimilar weld zone. Results show that the HAZ within the high carbon steel has significantly higher hardness than the weld area, which severely undermines the weld quality. A new heat treatment strategy was proposed based on the results of the numerical simulation, and it is shown to control the brittle phase formation in HAZ of high carbon steel. A series of experiments was performed to verify the developed thermo-metallurgical FEA model and a good qualitative agreement of the predicted martensitic phase distribution is shown to exist. Although this work is presented in the context of dissimilar laser welding of mild steel to stainless steel, the concept is applicable to any dissimilar fusion welding process.
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Nip, Ka Ho. "Cyclic behaviour of carbon steel and stainless steel tubular members." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/42999.
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Concentrically braced frames are a common form of earthquake resistant structure. Performance of the structure is largely dependent on the ability of the key dissipative components, in this case the diagonal bracing members, to undergo significant inelastic deformations. Whilst many earlier studies have examined the hysteretic response of bracing members, comparatively less attention has been given to the ultimate behaviour and failure conditions. There are also significant uncertainties in existing models for predicting the ductility capacity of braces owing to their semi-empirical nature as well as the scatter of test results. This research project examines the cyclic behaviour of tubular braces made of a familiar structural material, carbon steel, and an increasing popular alternative structural material, stainless steel, which is known for its high tensile ductility. As part of the current study, laboratory tests were performed on hot-rolled carbon steel, cold-formed carbon steel and cold-formed austenitic stainless steel hollow section members and materials coupon cut from them. A total of 24 tensile coupon tests, 62 cyclic material tests and 16 cyclic member tests were conducted. Strain-life relationships of the materials under low and extremely low cycle fatigue regimes were established from the results of the cyclic material tests. These data were also used for calibrating material cyclic hardening models, which were incorporated in numerical models of hollow section members. These models, verified against the results of the cyclic member tests from this study and other research programmes, were employed in parametric studies to investigate the influence of member geometry and material properties on the behaviour of the bracing members. Although the three materials exhibit similar strain-life relationships, cold-formed stainless steel members perform better in terms of displacement ductility and energy dissipation, which is due to the cyclic hardening and higher post-yield stiffness of the stainless steel material. Implications of these findings on the design of earthquake resistant concentrically braced frames are discussed and design guidance for stainless steel bracing members is proposed.
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King, Benjamin. "Welding and post weld heat treatment of 2.25%Cr-1%Mo steel." Access electronically, 2005. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060404.095844/index.html.
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Besgul, Ozge. "Design And Production Of Steel Buildings: A Case Study In Ankara." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607871/index.pdf.
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It is vital that Turkey keep abreast of developments in the world and build up its technology to become a developed country. Steel construction is one of these areas. In this context, the main purpose of this study was to define, analyze and evaluate the general characteristics of structural steel and steel construction with the purpose of throwing new light on its advantages and disadvantages.
Within this framework, a literature survey was conducted on structural steel components and structuresand on steel construction in Turkey. Additionally, a case study was carried out on a steel office building in Ankara. In this, the Tü
rkiye Esnaf ve Sanatkar Kredi Kefalet Kooperatifleri Merkez Birligi (TESKOMB) Building was investigated in terms of the design and production criteria for steel structures and to determine problems faced during these processes. As a result of this study, the existing condition of the construction sector and the means to improve use of structural steel in Turkey were discussed more realistically.
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Radojska, Stela [Verfasser]. "Multikomponentenblutspende / Stela Radojska." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1010970372/34.
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Zlotniov, Susanna. "Life After Steel." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2015. http://repository.cmu.edu/theses/92.
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The success of a city’s transition initiatives depends on how effectively members of a community can work together. Transitioning a community often involves major shifts in lifestyle and social realities that may expose a gap between administrative goals and varying residential needs. This gap can cause tensions between stakeholders and ultimately break down transition efforts.
Visual storytelling can empower members of a community to become more informed, engaged, collaborative and productive during transition while fostering a more coherent connection to place. Pittsburgh’s rich historical narratives, rooted in its steel industry, can provide an understanding of time and place, and help all current residents, and new residents in particular, connect with social histories enabling them to envision possible futures. My thesis project focused on determining how to deliver these stories in an effective way.
My project approach was to be as immersive as possible throughout the research process. It involved exploring the city and discovering its historical narratives for myself as well as interviewing Pittsburgh residents to better understand their perspectives around the importance of learning local history. I discovered that residents don’t know a lot about Pittsburgh’s industrial heritage and that local narratives are often not physically accessible.
Following these insights, I aimed to create a solution that would engage and raise overall awareness of Pittsburgh’s historical narratives among local residents. Research insights informed my final proposed design: a citywide information system embedded within Pittsburgh’s public bus stop infrastructure. This system presents historical narratives in a spatial context across the city’s urban landscape, helping residents realize the relationship between past, present, and possible futures.
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Al-Abbasi, Adel. "Steam-flood modelling." Thesis, University of Bath, 1988. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.383305.
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