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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Steam explosions

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Academic literature on the topic 'Steam explosions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Steam explosions"

1

Stanmore, B. R., and M. Desai. "Steam Explosions in Boiler Ash Hoppers." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 207, no. 2 (1993): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1993_207_022_02.

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Steam explosions are experienced in the ash hoppers of coal-fired boilers when hot ash falling from heat-transfer surfaces enters the water pool. Pellets of ash from three Australian power stations were formed in the laboratory and sintered under different conditions to simulate boiler ash deposits. When these were reheated and dropped into water, explosions were generated in isolated cases. The offending pellets were all lightly sintered and disintegrated into individual ash grains. The occurrence of explosions is unpredictable because of the extremely limited range of ash lump conditions und

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Medhekar, S., M. Abolfadl, and T. G. Theofanous. "Triggering and propagation of steam explosions." Nuclear Engineering and Design 126, no. 1 (1991): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(91)90203-t.

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Angelini, S., W. W. Yuen, and T. G. Theofanous. "Premixing-related behavior of steam explosions." Nuclear Engineering and Design 155, no. 1-2 (1995): 115–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(94)00873-w.

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Schubach, S. A., and D. F. Bagster. "Some aspects of modelling steam explosions." Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 9, no. 3 (1996): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0950-4230(96)00015-0.

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Kim, Sang Ho, Seong-Wan Hong, and Rae-Joon Park. "Analysis of Steam Explosion under Conditions of Partially Flooded Cavity and Submerged Reactor Vessel." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2018 (July 5, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3106039.

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A steam explosion in a reactor cavity makes a mechanical load of the pressure pulse, which can result in a failure of the containment isolation. To prove the integrity of the containment during the ex-vessel steam explosion, the effects of water conditions on a steam explosion have to be identified, and the impulse of a steam explosion has to be exactly assessed. In this study, the analyses for steam explosions were performed for the conditions of a partially flooded cavity and a submerged-vessel in a pressurized water reactor. The entry velocity of a corium jet for the scale of the test facil

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Josefsson, T., H. Lennholm, and G. Gellerstedt. "Steam Explosion of Aspen Wood. Characterisation of Reaction Products." Holzforschung 56, no. 3 (2002): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2002.047.

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Summary The steam explosion process was used to separate the components of aspen wood. The main goal was to obtain a material with a molecular weight distribution similar to that of dissolving pulp. To achieve variations in fibre structure and molecular weight, two series of steam explosions were made in which the time and temperature were varied according to factorial designs. The resulting pulps were very dark and were therefore bleached with hydrogen peroxide. The bleaching was sufficient to increase the brightness of the exploded material significantly. The resulting lignocellulosic materi

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Park, Sang-Hyun, Kwang-Hyun Bang, and Jong-Rae Cho. "Structural Integrity Evaluation of a Reactor Cavity during a Steam Explosion for External Reactor Vessel Cooling." Energies 14, no. 12 (2021): 3605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123605.

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Nuclear power is a major source of electricity in the international community. However, a significant problem with nuclear power is that, if a severe nuclear accident occurs, radiation may leak and cause great damage. As such, research on nuclear safety has become increasingly popular worldwide. In this paper, the structural integrity of a reactor cavity during a steam explosion—one kind of the aforementioned severe nuclear accidents—was evaluated. Steam explosions are primarily caused by fuel–coolant interactions (FCI), and result from issues in the cooling system that discharges the melt fro

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Varrasi, John. "The True Harnessing of Steam." Mechanical Engineering 127, no. 01 (2005): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2005-jan-6.

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This article discusses that although it remains the worst maritime disaster in the US history, the Sultana explosion was not an isolated incident in the United States. Boiler explosions occurred with alarming frequency, not only on board steamboats, but also in factories, mines, sawmill, and woodworking shops. Legend has it that the group came together expressly to address the problem of unsafe boilers, but the initial objectives of ASME were modest. The founders were seeking a reliable system for technical information exchange as well as a social setting. The publication of the first ASME Boi

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Amarasooriya, W. H., and T. G. Theofanous. "Premixing of steam explosions: a three-fluid model." Nuclear Engineering and Design 126, no. 1 (1991): 23–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(91)90202-s.

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Theofanous, T. G. "The study of steam explosions in nuclear systems." Nuclear Engineering and Design 155, no. 1-2 (1995): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(94)00864-u.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Steam explosions"

1

Ren, Wei Min. "Mechanistic modeling of steam explosions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15855.

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Delaney, James Carroll. "Suppression of vapor explosions during rapid quenching of char beds in chemical recovery boilers." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17780.

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Hildal, Kjetil. "Steam explosions during granulation of Si-rich alloys. : Effect of Al- and Ca-additions." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-52.

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<p>Steam explosions are possible during granulation of Si and FeSi75. These explosions are a great hazard, and must be avoided. Norwegian ferroalloy producers have initiated a research program to learn more about such violent melt-water interactions, in a joint effort with NTNU and SINTEF. The focus has primarily been on important parameters that can be controlled industrially, such as water temperature and metal composition. This thesis-work has focused on the effect of small additions of Al and Ca in Si-metal and FeSi75. However, within the same project, experiments on the effect of water te

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Concilio, Hansson Roberta. "An Experimental Study on the Dynamics of a Single Droplet Vapor Explosion." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kärnkraftsäkerhet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-26014.

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The present study aims to develop a mechanistic understanding of the thermal-hydraulic processes in a vapor explosion, which may occur in nuclear power plants during a hypothetical severe accident involving interactions of high-temperature corium melt and volatile coolant. Over the past several decades, a large body of literature has been accumulated on vapor explosion phenomenology and methods for assessment of the related risk. Vapor explosion is driven by a rapid fragmentation of high temperaturemelt droplets, leading to a substantial increase of heattransfer areas and subsequent explosive

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Loustau, Cazalet Charlotte. "Relation morphologie/réactivité des substrats lignocellulosiques : impact du prétraitement par explosion à la vapeur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI099/document.

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Dans un contexte de transition énergétique et de lutte contre le réchauffement climatique, la production d’éthanol de seconde génération semble une voie très prometteuse afin de réduire notre dépendance aux énergies fossiles. Il existe 3 étapes clés pour la production de ce nouveau biocarburant : le prétraitement qui permet de déstructurer la matrice lignocellulosique afin de rendre la cellulose plus accessible aux enzymes, l’hydrolyse enzymatique qui a pour but de produire des sucres fermentescibles et la fermentation qui permet de transformer ces sucres en éthanol. Actuellement, le prétraite

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Ranc, Isabelle. "Modélisation de la fragmentation fine lors de la phase de déclenchement d'une explosion de vapeur." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10106.

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Ce travail est motive par les etudes de surete relatives aux accidents graves des reacteurs a eau pressurisee, qui envisagent la fusion du coeur. Dans ce cadre, on etudie une des phases de l'explosion de vapeur ou interaction corium-eau, c'est-a-dire la vaporisation violente du refrigerant lors d'un choc thermique entre un liquide tres chaud et un liquide froid. L'objet de l'etude est la phase de declenchement de l'interaction, pendant laquelle une goutte de combustible, de l'ordre du centimetre, initialement entouree d'un film de vapeur, se fragmente en debris de l'ordre de la centaine de mic

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Ibrahim, Mazlan. "Clean Fractionation of Biomass - Steam Explosion and Extraction." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36583.

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The fractionation of two biomass resources, red oak (Quercus rubra) chips and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) trunk solids, into constitutive chemical components, cellulose, hemicelluloses (called "other carbohydrates") and non-carbohydrates (includes lignin, tannins, etc.), was studied quantitatively in terms of relative cleanness. Red oak chips were steam exploded using a batch reactor at five different treatment severities, Ro 5,000, 10,000, 15,000, 20,000 and 35,000. Steam exploded fibers (SEF) of each severity were extracted with water and alkali. Mass fractionation and summative a

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Lam, Pak Sui. "Steam explosion of biomass to produce durable wood pellets." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/35031.

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Wood pellet is regarded as a clean fuel for combustion with low ash content (less than 1% by weight) and a high heating value around 21500 MJ/m³ compared to a heating value of 5400 MJ/m³ for dry wood chips. However, pellet is easily disintegrated into fines due to impact or moisture sorption during handling and storage. Fines may promote dust explosion during handling or self-heating of pellets in storage. The present study investigates the use of steam explosion pretreatment to improve the pellet durability in terms of mechanical strength and moisture sorption resistance. In this research, a

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Avellar, Brecc K. "Technical review and economic evaluation : steam-explosion/fractionation of biomass /." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03142009-040725/.

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Renneckar, Scott Harold. "Modification of Wood Fiber with Thermoplastics by Reactive Steam-Explosion." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11239.

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For the first time, a novel processing method of co-refining wood and polyolefin (PO) by steam-explosion was scientifically explored for wood-thermoplastic composites without a coupling agent. Traditional studies have addressed the improvement of adhesion between components of wood thermoplastic composites through the use of coupling agents such as maleated PO. The objective of this study was to increase adhesion between wood and PO through reactive processing conditions of steam-explosion. PO characteristics, such as type (polyethylene or polypropylene), form (pellet, fiber, or powder) and

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Books on the topic "Steam explosions"

1

G, Ashbaugh William, and Kane R. D, eds. Guidelines for assessing fire and explosion damage. National Association of Corrosion Engineers, 1990.

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2

McIntyre, Dale R. Guidelines for assessing fire and explosion damage. MTI, 1990.

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McIntyre, Dale R. Guidelines for assessing fire and explosion damage. MTI, 1990.

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Sinking the Sultana: A civil war story of imprisonment, greed, and a doomed journey home. Candlewick Press, 2017.

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Neher, William W. Organizational communication: Challenges of change, diversity, and continuity. Allyn and Bacon, 1997.

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6

Croon, Ingemar. The Tigney steam explosion process: Experiences from Europe. Canadian Forestry Service, Northern Forestry Centre, 1986.

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International, Workshop on Steam Explosion Techniques: Fundamentals and Industrial Applications (1988 Milan Italy). Steam explosion techniques: Fundamentals and industrial applications : proceedings of the International Workshop on Steam Explosion Techniques: Fundamentals and Industrial Applications, Milan, Italy, 20-21 October 1988. Gordon and Breach Science Publishers, 1991.

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8

United States. National Transportation Safety Board. Steam locomotive firebox explosion on the Gettysburg railroad near Gardners, Pennsylvania, June 16, 1995. The Board, 1996.

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9

Olson, Barbara K. Authorial divinity in the twentieth century: Omniscient narration in Woolf, Hemingway, and others. Bucknell University Press, 1997.

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10

McEwen, Alan. Historic Steam Boiler Explosions. Sledgehammer Engineering Press Limited, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Steam explosions"

1

Argyropoulos, D. S. "Phosphorus-31 NMR Analysis of Steam Explosion Lignins." In Advances in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1336-6_131.

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Wang, Lan, Feng Kong, and Hongzhang Chen. "Steam Explosion Pretreatment and Saccharification of Lignocellulosic Biomass." In Handbook of Biorefinery Research and Technology. Springer Netherlands, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6724-9_1-1.

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Zimbardi, Francesco, Esmeralda Ricci, and Glacobbe Braccio. "Technoeconomic Study on Steam Explosion Application in Biomass Processing." In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. Humana Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0119-9_7.

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Min, B. T., S. W. Hong, J. H. Kim, I. K. Park, and H. D. Kim. "Dominant Factor for the Occurrence of a Steam Explosion." In Diffusion in Solids and Liquids III. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-51-5.388.

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Zimbardi, Francesco, Donato Viggiano, Francesco Nanna, Mario Demichele, Daniela Cuna, and Giovanni Cardinale. "Steam Explosion of Straw in Batch and Continuous Systems." In Twentieth Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. Humana Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1604-9_11.

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Liu, Zhi-Hua. "Multiproduct Biorefining from Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Steam Explosion Technology." In Emerging Technologies for Biorefineries, Biofuels, and Value-Added Commodities. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65584-6_5.

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Ballesteros, I., J. M. Oliva, A. A. Navarro, A. González, J. Carrasco, and M. Ballesteros. "Effect of Chip Size on Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Softwood." In Twenty-First Symposium on Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. Humana Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1392-5_7.

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Chen, Hongzhang, and Wenjie Sui. "Steam Explosion as a Hydrothermal Pretreatment in the Biorefinery Concept." In Hydrothermal Processing in Biorefineries. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56457-9_12.

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Bura, Renata, Shawn D. Mansfield, John N. Saddler, and Rodney J. Bothast. "SO2-Catalyzed Steam Explosion of Corn Fiber for Ethanol Production." In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals. Humana Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0119-9_5.

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Chen, Hongzhang, and Junying Zhao. "Stalk Inhomogeneity and Steam Explosion Integrated Fractional Refining Technology System." In Pretreatment Techniques for Biofuels and Biorefineries. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32735-3_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Steam explosions"

1

Song, Jinho, Ikkyu Park, Yongseung Sin, et al. "Steam Explosion Experiments Using ZrO2 and ZrO2/UO2 Mixture." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22055.

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Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has been carrying an experimental research program on the steam explosion named “Test for Real cOrium Interaction with water (TROI)” since 1997. The objective of the program is to investigate whether the corium would lead to an energetic steam explosion and to measure the conversion ratio of the energetic steam explosion. In the first series of tests using several kg of ZrO2 where the melt/water interaction were made in the water pool at 30 ∼ 95 °C, either a quenching or a spontaneous steam explosions was observed. In the second series of tests us

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ŚWIĘTOCHOWSKI, Adam, Jakub GAWRON, Magdalena DĄBROWSKA, and Aleksander LISOWSKI. "INFLUENCE OF STEAM EXPLOSION ON MATERIAL PROPERTIES UNDER PRESSURE AGGLOMERATION." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.193.

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The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the steam explosion process on the change in properties of the material subjected to this process. Wood chips were used before and after the steam explosion (SE), and pellets made from wood chips subjected to steam explosions (black pellet). The scope of the study included determination of physical and chemical characteristics such as moisture content, combustion heat and calorific value, determination of lignin and hemicellulose, cellulose and hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur content. hemicellulose compounds. After the process bi

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Nigmatulin, Bulat I., V. L. Melikhov, and O. L. Melikhov. "VAPEX CODE FOR ANALYSIS OF STEAM EXPLOSIONS UNDER SEVERE ACCIDENTS." In Heat and Mass Transfer in Severe Nuclear Reactor Accidents. Proceedings of the International Symposium. Begellhouse, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.1995.radtransfprocheatmasstransfsevnuclreactacc.410.

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Leskovar, Matjazˇ. "Estimation of Pressure Loads During Ex-Vessel Steam Explosion." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48048.

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An ex-vessel steam explosion may occur when, during a severe reactor accident, the reactor vessel fails and the molten core pours into the water in the reactor cavity. A steam explosion is a fuel coolant interaction process where the heat transfer from the melt to water is so intense and rapid that the timescale for heat transfer is shorter than the timescale for pressure relief. This can lead to the formation of shock waves and production of missiles that may endanger surrounding structures. A strong enough steam explosion in a nuclear power plant could jeopardize the containment integrity an

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Li, Zhigang, Jinghao Li, Meng Lin, and Yanhua Yang. "Estimation of Ex-Vessel Steam Explosion Pressure Loads for AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-30424.

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An ex-vessel steam explosion is a fuel coolant interaction process which may occur when the reactor vessel fails and the molten core pours into the water in the reactor cavity during a severe reactor accident. A strong enough steam explosion in a nuclear power plant could endanger the containment integrity and lead to a direct release of radioactive material to the environment. In this article, a nuclear island geometrical model of AP1000 nuclear power plant was established and different scenarios of ex-vessel steam explosions in AP1000 NPP were simulated by MC3D code. Since the initial parame

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Min, B. T., H. D. Kim, J. H. Kim, S. W. Hong, and I. K. Park. "Particle Size Characteristics of Molten Corium Quenched in Water." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48773.

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During a hypothetical severe accident in a nuclear reactor, a steam explosion might occur when molten corium interacts with water. The strength of a steam explosion affects the integrity of the containment of a nuclear reactor and is highly dependant on the characteristics of the melt-water-steam mixture. Since a break-up and fragmentation process during a pre-mixing are important mechanisms for a steam explosion behavior and affect the debris size distribution, the particle size characteristics of quenched corium have been investigated. For several years, series of experiments have been perfo

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Zhou, Yuan, Meng Lin, Zhengming Zhang, and Lei Lei. "Visual Experiments on the Subcooled Water Droplet Behavior in High Temperature Molten Metal." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-54930.

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Water injection mode of molten fuel/coolant interaction is a key issue during the steam generator tube rupture in liquid metal reactors. The fragmentation behaviors of plunging water droplet into a high temperature molten tin liquid pool were studied by using a high speed video camera. Photographs of the water droplet configuration, the vaporization at the interface between the melt and water, and the vapor film disturbance were obtained. The results demonstrated that the water droplet in the molten tin pool was near spherical shape initially and the vapor was generated and accumulated in the

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Wiseman, Phillip, Alex Mayes, and Emmanuel Appiah. "Case Study of Pipe Support and Restraint Stiffness." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93275.

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Abstract Pipe support and restraint assemblies are an integral part of engineered piping systems for power, petrochemical, refinery, and process industries. Such assemblies are specially designed and analyzed for the purpose of transferring loads from piping to building structure or supplemental steel structure. Thus, a support assembly protects the piping, or any other components, from damage that may result from startup, shutdown, shocks from valve operation, water hammer, steam hammer, wind, seismic, and other catastrophic events such as pipe rupture or explosions. It also restrains against

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Contreras-Serna, Jorge, Arturo Schiaffino, V. M. Krushnarao Kotteda, Alejandro J. García-Cuéllar, and Vinod Kumar. "Numerical Simulation of Formation of Melt Jets in Melt-Coolant Interactions." In ASME 2018 5th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2018-83273.

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Fragmentation of molten metal droplets is an important process in steam explosions caused by melt-coolant interactions. Ciccarelli and Frost (1994) found the formation of melt jets (or spikes) in hot melt drops immersed in water. In order to gain insight into this mechanism, they carried out experiments where melt jets were formed in a stratified water/liquid metal system with local generation of high-pressure vapor at the interface. This paper is dedicated to investigating how melt jets are formed in this mechanism when a stratified water/liquid metal system is analyzed. Also, a study of the

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Song, J. H., J. H. Kim, B. T. Min, and S. W. Hong. "Experimental Investigations on the Prototypic Steam Explosion." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-82453.

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This paper discusses results of a series of steam experiments using a prototypic material representing the molten core of nuclear power plant. Five experiments are discussed in detail in addition to a brief review of the previous experiments, where the focuses were on the effect of corium composition and external trigger on the strength of the steam explosion. A mixture of UO2:ZrO2 is used for the experiment, where the weight percent of each component is changed. One experiment was performed with corium at a composition of 70:30 without an external trigger as a reference case. Three tests were

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Reports on the topic "Steam explosions"

1

Theofanous, T. G., W. W. Yuen, S. Angelini, X. Chen, W. H. Amarasooriya, and S. Medhekar. Steam explosions: Fundamentals and energetic behavior. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10128353.

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Carter, J. T. Steam Explosions in Slurry-fed Ceramic Melters. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781031.

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Hyder, M. L., Y. M. Farawila, S. I. Abdel-Khalik, and P. J. Halvorson. Numerical modeling of the expansion phase of steam explosions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6539784.

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Cho, D. H., D. R. Armstrong, W. H. Gunther, and S. Basu. An experimental study of steam explosions involving chemically reactive metal. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/505293.

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Chen, X., W. W. Yuen, and T. G. Theofanous. On the constitutive description of the microinteractions concept in steam explosions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/115051.

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Nelson, L. S., P. M. Duda, D. A. Hyndman, D. K. Allison, and M. L. Hyder. Thermal and ignition type steam explosions of single drops of molten aluminum. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/147716.

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Froehlich, G., A. Linca, and M. Schindler. Correlations between the disintegration of melt and the measured impulses in steam explosions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/115052.

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Hyder, M. L., Y. M. Farawila, S. I. Abdel-Khalik, and P. J. Halvorson. Numerical modeling of the expansion phase of steam explosions. Part 1, Method and validation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10151149.

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Cho, D. H., J. D. Gabor, R. T. Purviance, J. C. Cassulo, P. G. Ellison, and M. L. Hyder. Scoping tests on the potential for lithium/aluminum steam explosions in an SRS Septifoil. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7231956.

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Cho, D. H., J. D. Gabor, R. T. Purviance, J. C. Cassulo, P. G. Ellison, and M. L. Hyder. Scoping tests on the potential for lithium/aluminum steam explosions in an SRS Septifoil. Severe Accident Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10182194.

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