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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Steam explosions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Ren, Wei Min. "Mechanistic modeling of steam explosions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15855.

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2

Delaney, James Carroll. "Suppression of vapor explosions during rapid quenching of char beds in chemical recovery boilers." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17780.

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3

Hildal, Kjetil. "Steam explosions during granulation of Si-rich alloys. : Effect of Al- and Ca-additions." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-52.

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<p>Steam explosions are possible during granulation of Si and FeSi75. These explosions are a great hazard, and must be avoided. Norwegian ferroalloy producers have initiated a research program to learn more about such violent melt-water interactions, in a joint effort with NTNU and SINTEF. The focus has primarily been on important parameters that can be controlled industrially, such as water temperature and metal composition. This thesis-work has focused on the effect of small additions of Al and Ca in Si-metal and FeSi75. However, within the same project, experiments on the effect of water te

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4

Concilio, Hansson Roberta. "An Experimental Study on the Dynamics of a Single Droplet Vapor Explosion." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kärnkraftsäkerhet, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-26014.

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The present study aims to develop a mechanistic understanding of the thermal-hydraulic processes in a vapor explosion, which may occur in nuclear power plants during a hypothetical severe accident involving interactions of high-temperature corium melt and volatile coolant. Over the past several decades, a large body of literature has been accumulated on vapor explosion phenomenology and methods for assessment of the related risk. Vapor explosion is driven by a rapid fragmentation of high temperaturemelt droplets, leading to a substantial increase of heattransfer areas and subsequent explosive

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5

Loustau, Cazalet Charlotte. "Relation morphologie/réactivité des substrats lignocellulosiques : impact du prétraitement par explosion à la vapeur." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI099/document.

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Dans un contexte de transition énergétique et de lutte contre le réchauffement climatique, la production d’éthanol de seconde génération semble une voie très prometteuse afin de réduire notre dépendance aux énergies fossiles. Il existe 3 étapes clés pour la production de ce nouveau biocarburant : le prétraitement qui permet de déstructurer la matrice lignocellulosique afin de rendre la cellulose plus accessible aux enzymes, l’hydrolyse enzymatique qui a pour but de produire des sucres fermentescibles et la fermentation qui permet de transformer ces sucres en éthanol. Actuellement, le prétraite

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6

Ranc, Isabelle. "Modélisation de la fragmentation fine lors de la phase de déclenchement d'une explosion de vapeur." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10106.

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Ce travail est motive par les etudes de surete relatives aux accidents graves des reacteurs a eau pressurisee, qui envisagent la fusion du coeur. Dans ce cadre, on etudie une des phases de l'explosion de vapeur ou interaction corium-eau, c'est-a-dire la vaporisation violente du refrigerant lors d'un choc thermique entre un liquide tres chaud et un liquide froid. L'objet de l'etude est la phase de declenchement de l'interaction, pendant laquelle une goutte de combustible, de l'ordre du centimetre, initialement entouree d'un film de vapeur, se fragmente en debris de l'ordre de la centaine de mic

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7

Ibrahim, Mazlan. "Clean Fractionation of Biomass - Steam Explosion and Extraction." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36583.

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The fractionation of two biomass resources, red oak (Quercus rubra) chips and oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) trunk solids, into constitutive chemical components, cellulose, hemicelluloses (called "other carbohydrates") and non-carbohydrates (includes lignin, tannins, etc.), was studied quantitatively in terms of relative cleanness. Red oak chips were steam exploded using a batch reactor at five different treatment severities, Ro 5,000, 10,000, 15,000, 20,000 and 35,000. Steam exploded fibers (SEF) of each severity were extracted with water and alkali. Mass fractionation and summative a

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8

Lam, Pak Sui. "Steam explosion of biomass to produce durable wood pellets." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/35031.

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Wood pellet is regarded as a clean fuel for combustion with low ash content (less than 1% by weight) and a high heating value around 21500 MJ/m³ compared to a heating value of 5400 MJ/m³ for dry wood chips. However, pellet is easily disintegrated into fines due to impact or moisture sorption during handling and storage. Fines may promote dust explosion during handling or self-heating of pellets in storage. The present study investigates the use of steam explosion pretreatment to improve the pellet durability in terms of mechanical strength and moisture sorption resistance. In this research, a

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9

Avellar, Brecc K. "Technical review and economic evaluation : steam-explosion/fractionation of biomass /." Thesis, This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03142009-040725/.

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10

Renneckar, Scott Harold. "Modification of Wood Fiber with Thermoplastics by Reactive Steam-Explosion." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11239.

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For the first time, a novel processing method of co-refining wood and polyolefin (PO) by steam-explosion was scientifically explored for wood-thermoplastic composites without a coupling agent. Traditional studies have addressed the improvement of adhesion between components of wood thermoplastic composites through the use of coupling agents such as maleated PO. The objective of this study was to increase adhesion between wood and PO through reactive processing conditions of steam-explosion. PO characteristics, such as type (polyethylene or polypropylene), form (pellet, fiber, or powder) and

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11

Bazooyar, Faranak. "Molecular-level Simulations of Cellulose Dissolution by Steam and SC-CO2 Explosion." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3704.

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Dissolution of cellulose is an important but complicated step in biofuel production fromlignocellulosic materials. Steam and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) explosion are two effective methods for dissolution of some lignocellulosic materials. Loading and explosion are the major processes of these methods. Studies of these processes were performed using grand canonical Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations at different pressure/ temperature conditions on the crystalline structure of cellulose. The COMPASS force field was used for both methods.The validity of the COMPASS force fi

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12

Jeoh, Tina. "Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Cotton Gin Waste for Fuel Ethanol Production." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30943.

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The current research investigates the utilization of cotton gin waste as a feedstock to produce a value-added product - fuel ethanol. Cotton gin waste consists of pieces of burs, stems, motes (immature seeds) and cotton fiber, and is considered to be a lignocellulosic material. The three main chemical constituents are cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Cellulose and hemicellulose are polysaccharides of primarily fermentable sugars, glucose and xylose respectively. Hemicellulose also includes small fractions of arabinose, galactose, and mannose, all of which are fermentable as well. The

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13

Dedy, Eka Priyanto. "Efficient Pretreatment Technology and Ash Handling for Co-firing Pulverized Coal with Biomass." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/235093.

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14

Lindberg, Karl. "Förbränning av termokemiskt behandlade biobränslen : en studie av biomassa som genomgått en pyrolys-, torrefierings- eller steam explosionprocess." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-16581.

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EU har som mål att år 2020 ha minskat utsläppen av växthusgaser med 20 % och ökat andelen förnyelsebar energi till 20 %. I Sverige är andelen fossilt bränsle som förbränns ca 30 %. Denna studie syftar till att utreda om termokemiskt behandlade biobränslen kan ersätta de kommersiella fossila bränslena. Resultatet har nåtts med simulering i programvaran Fuelsim och insamling av experimentella data. En simulering ska påvisa om syreberikning gynnar bränslena och experimentella data används för att se vilka problem som finns för respektive bränsle. Den biomassa som analyserats kommer från ett veds

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15

Adjei, Thomas. "Characterization of a Novel Biodegradable Material to Reduce Emission of Ammonia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30949.

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A novel biodegradable ammonia control material was developed from steam exploded corn cob and its adsorption capacity was studied by packed column and titration method. The packed column studies showed that the maximum absorption capacities of the raw corn cob (RCC) and the steam exploded corn cob (SECC) were 10.45 mg NHB3B/gRCC and 59.80 mg NHB3B/gSECC respectively. However, the titration of the water slurries with a NHB4BOH showed that the capacity of the SECC was 14.4 times that of RCC. The large difference between the packed column (SECC/RCC = 5.7) and the slurry titration (SECC/RCC = 14.4

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16

Taib, Razaina Mat. "Cellulose fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites: Processing and Product Charateristics." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35428.

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Steam exploded fibers from Yellow Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) wood were assessed in terms of (a) their impact on torque during melt processing of a thermoplastic cellulose ester (plasticized CAB); (b) their fiber incorporation and dispersion characteristics in a CAB-based composite by SEM and image analysis, respectively; and (c) their impact on the mechanical properties (under tension) of CAB-based composites having fiber contents of between 10 and 40% by weight. The fibers included water-washed steam exploded fibers (WEF), alkali-extracted fibers (AEF), acetylated fibers (AAEF), all fro

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17

Mubazangi, Munyaradzi. "Optimization of the conversion of lignocellulosic agricultural by-products to bioethanol using different enzyme cocktails and recombinant yeast strains." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6891.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The need to mitigate the twin crises of peak oil and climate change has driven a headlong rush to biofuels. This study was aimed at the development of a process to efficiently convert steam explosion pretreated (STEX) sugarcane bagasse into ethanol by using combinations of commercial enzyme cocktails and recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Though enzymatic saccharification is promising in obtaining sugars from lignocellulosics, the low enzymatic accessibility of the cellulose and hemicellulose is a key impediment

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18

Joon, Ajay. "High-yield pulp of hybrid poplar wood by integrating steam explosion process as a pre-stage to alkali pulping." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0016/MQ53452.pdf.

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19

Vujic, Zoran [Verfasser]. "Improvement and verification of steam explosion models and codes for application to accident scenarios in light water reactors / vorgelegt von Zoran Vujic." Stuttgart : IKE, 2008. http://d-nb.info/997049855/34.

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20

Viswanathan, T. V. "Evaluation of ruminal escape potential of crab meal and other protein supplements and influence of steam explosion of ruminal degradability of crab meal." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38168.

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21

Ramos, Romero Diego. "Producción de tableros de fibras sin adición de adhesivos a partir de arundo donax L. Y bagazo de Saccharum officinarum L." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/97205.

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En este trabajo se estudian los parámetros de obtención de tableros sin aporte de adhesivos, a partir de materiales lignocelulósicoscomo son la caña común (Arundodonax L.) y el bagazo de SaccharumofficinarumL. Los tableros propuestos aportan como ventaja el estar libres de emisiones de formaldehído y el no consumir recursos fósiles. Ambas propiedades son importantes en un mercado cada vez más exigente en aspectos medioambientales. En el caso del “ArundodonaxL” se ha partido de cañas silvestres de Tarragona. El bagazo de Saccharumofficinarum utilizado es el subproducto industrial de u

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22

Mancera, Arias Camilo. "Binderless fiberboard production from Cynara cardunculus and Vitis vinifera." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8494.

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Binderless fiberboard production from Cynara cardunculus and Vitis vinifera<br/>Two lignocellulosic materials, Cynara cardunculus and Vitis vinifera, were pretreated and used to produce fiberboards without synthetic adhesives. The lignocellulosic materials were steam exploded through a thermo-mechanical vapor process in a batch reactor. After pretreatment the materials were dried, ground and pressed to produce the boards. The effects of pretreatment factors and pressing conditions on the chemical and physicomechanical properties of the fiberboards were evaluated and the conditions that optimiz

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23

Thakre, Sachin. "On Fuel Coolant Interactions and Debris Coolability in Light Water Reactors." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kärnkraftssäkerhet, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-166261.

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During the case of a hypothetical severe accident in a light water reactor, core damage may occur and molten fuel may interact with water resulting in explosive interactions. A Fuel-Coolant Interactions (FCI) consists of many complex phenomena whose characteristics determine the energetics of the interactions. The fuel melt initially undergoes fragmentation after contact with the coolant which subsequently increases the melt surface area exposed to coolant and causes rapid heat transfer. A substantial amount of research has been done to understand the phenomenology of FCI, still there are gaps

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24

Menana, Zahra. "Étude de faisabilité de la valorisation en bioraffinerie de biomasses issues de phytotechnologies : cas d’une plante hyperaccumulatrice (noccaea caerulescens) et d’un ligneux (salix viminalis)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0225/document.

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La phytoremédiation est un concept pour la dépollution et de réhabilitation des sols et/ou de friches industrielles contaminés par des éléments traces métalliques (ETMs), utilisant les végétaux pour absorber ou immobiliser les contaminants en présence des organismes microbiens de la rhizosphère. Cette technique a pour conséquence une production de biomasse plus ou moins contaminée qu’il est nécessaire de traiter et également de valoriser. Cependant, la présence d’ETMs peut être problématique dans une approche de conversion en bioraffinerie. Pour répondre à cette question, deux espèces ont été

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25

Sauvageon, Thibaud. "Caractérisation et valorisation de fibres de chanvre issues de sols et de matériels délaissés : cas du traitement par explosion à la vapeur." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0211/document.

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Depuis des millénaires, le chanvre est cultivé pour ses fibres. Longues et résistantes, elles peuvent notamment entrer dans la composition de matériaux textiles et composites, secteurs industriels en plein essor. Cependant, leur manque d’homogénéité et la complexité de leur affinage ne leur permettent pas encore d’être compétitives face aux fibres synthétiques ou de coton. Mais des fibres de chanvre fines pourraient être produites à partir de fibres brutes en utilisant un traitement par explosion à la vapeur à bas coût, faible consommation d’énergie et avec un faible impact environnemental. Un

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26

Butler, Aodhán D. "Decoding the fossil record of early lophophorates : Systematics and phylogeny of problematic Cambrian Lophotrochozoa." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Paleobiologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-261907.

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The evolutionary origins of animal phyla are intimately linked with the Cambrian explosion, a period of radical ecological and evolutionary innovation that begins approximately 540 Mya and continues for some 20 million years, during which most major animal groups appear. Lophotrochozoa, a major group of protostome animals that includes molluscs, annelids and brachiopods, represent a significant component of the oldest known fossil records of biomineralised animals, as disclosed by the enigmatic ‘small shelly fossil’ faunas of the early Cambrian. Determining the affinities of these scleritome t

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27

Borgström, Ylva. "Pretreatment technologies to increase the methane yields by anaerobic digestion in relation to cost efficiency of substrate transportation." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema vatten i natur och samhälle, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69755.

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Med ett växande energibehov i världen, sinande energikällor i form av fossila bränslen och en miljö som vi under en längre tid har förorenat behövs det nya energiformer som är mer långsiktiga och framförallt miljövänliga. En sådan energiform är biogas. Biogasprocessen är dock inte helt optimerad. Flera av de substrat som används idag tar lång tid att röta och bryts bara ner till viss del i processen eller innehåller onödigt mycket vatten, vilket ger höga transportkostnader. Med syfte att göra biogasprocessen mer ekonomisk lönsam utvärderas i denna rapport på uppdrag från E.ON några olika förbe

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28

Ngwa, Obame Sébastien. "Optimisation du prétraitement par explosion à la vapeur des coproduits de l’industrie du bois d’okoumé : vers une production d’éthanol cellulosique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0088.

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L’objectif de ce travail est d’étudier la valorisation des produits connexes de l’industrie gabonaise du bois d’okoumé dans un contexte de bioraffinerie. La production de bioéthanol cellulosique et de lignine en se basant sur un procédé de prétraitement transposable à l’échelle industrielle a été étudiée. Nos travaux, réalisés à l’échelle du laboratoire, portent sur (1) l’optimisation du prétraitement par explosion à la vapeur (EV), (2) l’extraction de la lignine de bois explosé par percolation avec de l’éthanol comme solvant, (3) la caractérisation des biopolymères (cellulose et lignine) et l

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29

Luccarini, Cristina. "Studio sperimentale dell'effetto di pretrattamenti termici, fisici e chimici sulla digestione anaerobica di biomasse lignocellulosiche." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

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Lo studio riguarda la valutazione dell’effetto di pretrattamenti termici, chimici e fisici sull’efficienza di conversione di biomasse lignocellulosiche di scarto (sfalci e potature di verde urbano e privato) in biometano. I risultati di laboratorio hanno mostrato che il pretrattamento che dà la resa più alta di conversione è la steam explosion; infatti ha permesso di ottenere una resa in biometano pari al 52% della resa teorica. La steam explosion è stata applicata agli sfalci e potature, poi somministrati ad un impianto sperimentale di digestione anaerobica. In questa fase sperimentale (di co

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30

Wang, Yan. "Pretreatment and Enzymatic Treatment of Spruce : A functional designed wood components separation for a future biorefinery." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Träkemi och massateknologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-150395.

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The three main components of wood, namely, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, can be used in various areas. However, since lignin covalently crosslinks with wood polysaccharides creating networks that is an obstacle for extraction, direct extraction of different wood components in high yield is not an easy matter. One potential approach to overcome such obstacles is to treat the wood with specific enzymes that degrade the networks by specific catalysis. However, the structure of wood is so compact that the penetration of the wood fibers by large enzyme molecules is hindered. Thus, the pretr

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31

Mori, Naila Ribeiro. "Etanol celulósico a partir da palha e do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar: pré-tratamentos e conversão biotecnológica não convencionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97131/tde-25022016-094314/.

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Devido às crises ocorridas no setor petroleiro, além do interesse em reduzir a emissão de gás carbônico (CO2), vários países buscam o desenvolvimento de novos combustíveis. Atualmente, mais de 80% da frota de veículos no Brasil rodam ou somente com etanol ou com uma mistura de etanol e gasolina. Desta forma, o bioetanol é considerado um combustível renovável alternativo com grande potencial para substituir os combustíveis oriundos do petróleo. Para atender a crescente demanda de etanol, sem competir com áreas cultiváveis voltadas para produção de alimentos, fontes de materiais lignocelulósicos

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Borén, Eleonora. "Off-gassing from thermally treated lignocellulosic biomass." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-141921.

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Off-gassing of hazardous compounds is, together with self-heating and dust explosions, the main safety hazards within large-scale biomass storage and handling. Formation of CO, CO2, and VOCs with concurrent O2 depletion can occur to hazardous levels in enclosed stored forest products. Several incidents of CO poisoning and suffocation of oxygen depletion have resulted in fatalities and injuries during cargo vessel discharge of forest products and in conjunction with wood pellet storage rooms and silos. Technologies for torrefaction and steam explosion for thermal treatment of biomass are under

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Pinto, Thiago Okubo Procópio [UNESP]. "Produção de enzimas celulolíticas pelos fungos thermoascus aurantiacus CBMAI 756, thermomyces lanuginosus, Trichoderma reesei QM9414 e Penicillium viridicatum RFC3 e aplicação na sacarificação do bagaço de cana de açucar com diferentes pré-tratamentos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88378.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-10-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:09:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pinto_top_me_sjrp.pdf: 1417990 bytes, checksum: 1ff62a60751622fd662850c2a8565eba (MD5)<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)<br>O aproveitamento de resíduos agrícolas e agro-industriais como fonte de energia pode se tornar uma alternativa viável. O alvo principal para esta empreitada, pela sua disponibilidade e proximidade das indústrias fermentativas é o bagaço de cana, que ainda retém 2/3

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Chadni, Morad. "Impact des prétraitements physiques sur l’intensification de l’extraction et la valorisation des hémicelluloses de hauts poids moléculaires à partir d’épicéa." Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2490.

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Ce projet de thèse est dédié à l’étude de l’intensification de l’extraction des polymères d’hémicelluloses à partir du bois d’épicéa par l’application de prétraitements physicochimiques : microondes (MO), décharges électriques de hautes tension (DEHT) et explosion à la vapeur (STEX). L’extraction des hémicelluloses est souvent réalisée par autohydrolyse ou par des traitements chimiques. Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons étudié un procédé basé sur l’extraction des hémicelluloses en combinant des prétraitements physiques aux prétraitements chimiques et à l’autohydrolyse. Ce couplage a permis

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Passicousset, Joël. "Descripteurs physico-chimiques de la biomasse lignocellulosique en hydrolyse enzymatique : vers une caractérisation in-situ." Thesis, Paris, Institut agronomique, vétérinaire et forestier de France, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IAVF0004.

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Une des pistes envisagées pour réduire l’impact environnemental des activités humaines dans le secteur des transports est la production d’éthanol à partir de biomasse lignocellulosique. Parmi les différentes technologies envisagées pour ces substrats constitués majoritairement de cellulose, d’hémicelluloses, et de lignine, le procédé de conversion biochimique en éthanol représente une voie prometteuse, par la maturité relative de la filière, et la faisabilité immédiate de l’incorporation d’éthanol dans l’essence pour le parc automobile actuel. L’étape de prétraitement qui a pour but de rendre

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Silva, Thiago Alves Lopes. "Avaliação do pré-tratamento de explosão a vapor catalisado por ácido cítrico e hidróxido de sódio sobre a hidrólise enzimática do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2017. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/18193.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais<br>Atualmente, tem-se estudado diversos tipos de pré- tratamentos para reduzir a recalcitrância da biomassa lignocelulósica com intuito de aumentar sua digestibilidade química/enzimática, para que esta possa ser utilizada na produção de etanol e/ou outros bioprodutos de valor agregado. Neste estudo avaliou-se o efeito do pré-tratamento de explosão a vapor catalisada por ácido cítrico e hi

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Pinto, Thiago Okubo Procópio. "Produção de enzimas celulolíticas pelos fungos thermoascus aurantiacus CBMAI 756, thermomyces lanuginosus, Trichoderma reesei QM9414 e Penicillium viridicatum RFC3 e aplicação na sacarificação do bagaço de cana de açucar com diferentes pré-tratamentos /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88378.

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Orientador: Roberto da Silva<br>Banca: Nei Pereira Júnior<br>Banca: Maurício Boscolo<br>Resumo: O aproveitamento de resíduos agrícolas e agro-industriais como fonte de energia pode se tornar uma alternativa viável. O alvo principal para esta empreitada, pela sua disponibilidade e proximidade das indústrias fermentativas é o bagaço de cana, que ainda retém 2/3 da energia presente na cana, é largamente disponível no Brasil e hoje é parcialmente rejeitado ou subaproveitado. Uma forma de aproveitamento que tem se mostrado bastante promissora refere-se ao uso dessa biomassa na produção do bioetanol

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Corot, Théo. "Simulation numérique d'ondes de choc dans un milieu bifluide : application à l'explosion vapeur." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CNAM1125/document.

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Cette thèse s'intéresse à la simulation numérique de l'explosion vapeur. Ce phénomène correspond à une vaporisation instantanée d'un volume d'eau liquide entraînant un choc de pression. Nous nous y intéressons dans le cadre de la sûreté nucléaire. En effet, lors d'un accident entraînant la fusion du cœur du réacteur, du métal fondu pourrait interagir avec de l'eau liquide et entraîner un tel choc. On voudrait alors connaître l'ampleur de ce phénomène et les risques d'endommagements de la centrale qu'il implique. Pour y parvenir, nous utilisons pour modèle les équations d'Euler dans un cadre La

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Gambarato, Bruno Chaboli. "Isolamento e caracterização de ligninas de palha de cana-de-açúcar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97131/tde-20112017-153808/.

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Neste trabalho, foi realizada a caracterização de ligninas de palha de cana-de-açúcar. O isolamento das ligninas se deu por acidólise branda e por polpação soda, precedida ou não por pré-tratamento com ácido diluído ou por explosão a vapor. A palha de cana e as ligninas foram caracterizadas por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE), Espectrometrias no Infravermelho (FT-IR) e no Ultravioleta (UV), por Ressonância Magnética Nuclear de Prótons (1H RMN), Cromatografia de Permeação em Gel (GPC), Análise Termogravimétrica (TGA) e Calorimétrica (DSC), Análise Elementar e de Poder Calorífic

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Barbieri, Francesco. "Pretrattamenti e trattamenti chimici, fisici e microbiologici di biomasse lignocellulosiche, finalizzati alla produzione di carboidrati." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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Le attività sviluppate nel presente lavoro di tesi rientrano nelle tematiche dalla moderna Bioeconomia e seguono le direttive previste per l’applicazione dell’economia circolare applicata all'insieme dei rifiuti legnosi prodotti dalla potatura, sfalci del sottobosco e dai rifiuti legnosi di tipo urbano (post consumo, ingombranti, fine vita, ecc.). Viene studiatala valorizzazione delle frazioni dei rifiuti lignocellulosici studiando processi alternativi a quelli usati sino ad oggi verificando se da tali matrici fosse possibile attraverso processi di idrolisi biologica, termica o chimica ottener

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Garcia-Jaldon, Catherine. "Caractérisation morphologique et chimique du chanvre (Cannabis sativa) : prétraitement à la vapeur et valorisation." Grenoble 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10140.

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La tige de chanvre est composee de deux regions de morphologie distincte: le cortex qui contient des fibres riches en pectines et en hemicelluloses et le bois qui est un tissu fortement lignifie constitue de vaisseaux, de fibres de bois et cellules de parenchyme ligneux. Une etude des pectines de chanvre a montre que ces polysaccharides sont constitues d'une chaine principale rhamnogalacturonane au sein de laquelle alternent des zones d'acide galacturonique (regions lisses) et des zones ramifiees (regions chevelues). Dans ces regions chevelues, a peu pres la moitie des unites rhamnose portent

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Daudin, Kevin. "Contribution à la prédiction des effets réactions sodium-eau : application aux pertes de confinement dans un bâtiment générateur de vapeur d'un réacteur à neutrons rapides refroidi au sodium." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2212/document.

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L’étude des conséquences de la réaction sodium-eau (RSE) est un enjeu dans le cadre de la sûreté des futurs réacteurs à neutrons rapides à caloporteur sodium. Afin d'évaluer les conséquences de RSE dans des situations d'accident majeur, il est nécessaire de mieux comprendre la phénoménologie et notamment la quantité d'énergie libérée et la cinétique de libération. L'objectif est donc d’améliorer la compréhension de telles RSE pour prédire au mieux ses conséquences sur les équipements mécaniques alentours. Trois axes de travail ont été privilégiés, à savoir la recherche du déroulement des séque

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Soukop, Robin. "Vliv vulkanického popela na leteckou dopravu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230173.

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This master's thesis deals with the issue of volcanic ash as a complex and its impact on aviation, including the volcanic activity itself (conditions for its existence, for existence of eruptions and their basic products). In addition, the thesis also deals with effect of volcanic ash on aircraft and airports, possibilities of its detection or monitoring as well as mechanism of its spreading in airspace. The emphasis is laid mainly on air incidents related to volcanic ash and on danger it poses to the airspace of the Czech Republic.

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Abrahamsson, Louise. "Improving methane production using hydrodynamic cavitation as pre-treatment." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-128783.

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To develop anaerobic digestion (AD), innovative solutions to increase methane yields in existing AD processes are needed. In particular, the adoption of low energy pre-treatments to enhance biomass biodegradability is needed to provide efficient digestion processes increasing profitability. To obtain these features, hydrodynamic cavitation has been evaluated as an innovative solutions for AD of waste activated sludge (WAS), food waste (FW), macro algae and grass, in comparison with steam explosion (high energy pre-treatment). The effect of these two pre-treatments on the substrates, e.g. parti

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Taranenko, Anton. "Shattering Kraft Recovery Boiler Smelt by a Steam Jet." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35142.

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Kraft recovery boiler smelt is shattered into small droplets by an impinging steam jet to prevent smelt-water explosions in the dissolving tank. Inadequate shattering increases the likelihood of dissolving tank explosions. While industry has not dedicated much effort to smelt shattering, the safety implications require smelt shattering to be studied in detail. An experimental set-up was constructed to simulate the shattering operation using a water-glycerine solution and air instead of smelt and steam respectively. The objective was to examine how physical properties and flow characteristics a

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Chung, Jen-Yi, and 鍾仁醫. "Extraction of Hemicellulose from Napiergrass via Steam Explosion." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6fncb8.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>有機高分子研究所<br>99<br>Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) is regarded as a potential energy crop and can be used for the production of fuels and chemicals. In addition, napiergrass juice prevails recently in Taiwan as a functional juice due to its beneficial health effects. However, the fibrous residues after juice extraction have not yet found suitable uses. In order to fully utilize the napiergrass biomass, we investigated the clean fractionation of napiergrass using the steam explosion (SE) technology to produce xylo-oligosaccharides and animal feed of high digestibility. Previ

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Yang, Guei-Yin, and 楊貴茵. "Purification of xylooligosachharides from steam-explosion liquor of Napiergrass." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5am4ez.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>有機高分子研究所<br>99<br>Napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum) is regarded as a potential energy crop and can be used for the production of fuels and chemicals. In addition, napiergrass juice prevails recently in Taiwan as a functional juice due to its beneficial health effects. To increase the value of napiergrass, the fibrous residues of napiergrass were subjected to an oxidative steam explosion treatment to generate liquors rich in xylooligosacchrides (XOs). XOs are sugar oligomers made up of xylose units with degree of polymerization of 2 to 7. They show a remarkable potential for

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Huang, Kai-I., and 黃凱易. "Study of Steam Explosion System Construction for Biomass Conversion." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/849e48.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>新能源電控產業碩士專班<br>101<br>The amount of biomass crops grown using photosynthesis has reached 200 billion metric tons per year. Biomass primarily comprises lignocellulosic biomass, which is used to produce second-generation biomass ethanol fuels after pretreatment, saccharification, and fermentation processes. The pretreatment technology is critical for biomass to be converted and used; thus, developing an efficient, convenient pretreatment technology is crucial for producing cellulosic ethanol fuel. Using various manufacturing technologies to convert lignocelluloses into biomass

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Chang, Chen-Wei, and 張振維. "Steam explosion pretreatment of Napier grass for enzyme hydrolysis." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wab9u8.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>化學工程研究所<br>96<br>Lignocellulosic materials are renewable resources that can be directly or indirectly used for the production of biofuels and commodity chemicals. However, these applications are limited by the association with three main components of the plant cell wall, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Therefore, pretreatment of lignocelluloses to disrupt their recalcitrant structures is necessary in order to increase the digestibility of the materials. The current research investigates the utilization of Napier grass(Pennisetum purpureum) as a feedstock to produce a va

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Yuan, Chung-En, and 袁崇恩. "Production of humic acids from lignocellulosic materials via steam explosion." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r9b738.

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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>有機高分子研究所<br>99<br>The industrial production of humic acid usually are coal humic acid. There are evidence that lignin was the source of humic substance. Lignocellulosic materials can be the source of humic acid, which is easy to get and can help with clean the agricultural waste. In this study, steam explosion treatment Acacia find the most suitable conditions for production of humic acid, the use of experimental design to explore the oxygen pressure, sodium hydroxide concentration and tetrasodium pyrophosphate concentration in the range of 0~5 bar with 0.05~0.15M and 0.05~0.

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