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Journal articles on the topic 'Steam generation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 June 2025

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1

Jin, Xin, Guiping Lin, and Haichuan Jin. "Experimental Investigations on Steam Generation in Nanofluids under Concentrated Solar Radiation." Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133985.

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Developing renewable energy, especially solar energy related, is of great importance for securing our future energy society. Steam generation in nanofluids based on solar radiation has been increasingly studied. It has been determined that the efficiency of steam generation is significantly enhanced when nanoparticles are seeded into the fluid owing to their unique radiative heat transfer performance. The nanoparticles trap solar energy inside the fluid and convert it into thermal form, which dramatically accelerates the steam generation process. In this study, we experimentally investigated different nanofluids that directly absorb solar energy to generate steam. Ag nanofluid, Au nanofluid and MWCNT nanofluid with different concentration have been carefully investigated. We analyzed the temperature increase and steam generation combined with the calculation of the efficiency factor from radiative heat transfer. The heating power and steam generation power of different nanofluids and the same nanofluid with different concentrations were compared. For Au nanofluid with concentration of 0.5 wt‰, the absorbed solar energy for heating the volume and generating steam is 6 and 40 times higher than those of pure water, respectively. We concluded that localized boiling generates steam rapidly in nanofluids based on the observation of three types of nanofluids. Furthermore, the heating power and steam generation power of different nanofluids increase with concentration. Moreover, the difference between the efficiency factors results in varied volume heating and steam generation efficiencies for different nanofluids despite identical concentrations.

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OLEDNIC, Tatiana, and Nicoleta NEGRU. "Development of critical thinking through the implementation of STEM/STEAM projects." Acta et commentationes: Științe ale Educației 36, no. 2 (2024): 182–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.36120/2587-3636.v36i2.182-190.

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This article reflects practical aspects regarding the development of critical thinking through the implementation of STEM/STEAM projects, through the realization of various activities, implemented within the national project „ My House”, with the main goal being the capitalization of key/transversal skills and the development of skills and abilities regarding personal interests and aspirations of the young generation and the desire to continue learning throughout life.

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3

Liang, Jingkang, Xu Ji, Jingyang Han, and Yunfeng Wang. "Modeling and experimental investigation on a direct steam generation solar collector with flat plate thermal concentration." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 38, no. 5 (2020): 1879–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598720922681.

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Currently, steam generation using solar energy mostly relies on optical concentration, which is a costly system, to generate the high temperature needed for water evaporation. Here, the development of a low-cost and scalable approach based on thermal concentration for solar steam generation is reported. The system was demonstrated to be capable of generating 100–120°C steam under ambient air conditions without optical concentration. A solar thermal efficiency could be achieved up to 13% at an average solar irradiance of only 670 W m−2. The new solar steam generation system, with its simple structure, great effectiveness, and low cost, holds the promise of significantly expanding the application domain of solar thermal systems.

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4

Xiang, Bochao. "Fault Diagnosis and Performance Analysis of Steam Turbine Thermal System based on Improved BP Algorithm." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 15 (November 26, 2022): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v15i.2269.

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Steam turbine is an important tool in the growth of power generation work in power plants, and it is of great help to the growth of power generation work. The thermal power plant needs to constantly innovate the unit when generating electricity, and the steam turbine is an important part of the operation of the unit. Therefore, this paper proposes research on fault diagnosis and performance analysis of steam turbine thermal system based on improved BP algorithm. It mainly gives an overview of the steam turbine, and uses the improved BP algorithm scientifically, hoping to provide some help for the application of steam turbine.

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5

Goebel, O. "Thermohydraulics of direct steam generation." Le Journal de Physique IV 09, PR3 (1999): Pr3–481—Pr3–487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:1999376.

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6

Moriber, Norm. "Steam Generation in Power Plants." Materials Performance 56, no. 12 (2017): 80. https://doi.org/10.5006/mp2017_56_12-80.

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7

Ke, Qingchao, and Jian Lin. "Dynamic Generation of Knowledge Graph Supporting STEAM Learning Theme Design." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (2022): 11001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111001.

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Instructional framework based on a knowledge graph makes up for the interdisciplinary theme design ability of teachers in a single discipline, to some extent, and provides a curriculum-oriented theme generation path for STEAM instructional design. This study proposed a dynamic completion model of a knowledge graph based on the subject semantic tensor decomposition. This model can be based on the tensor calculation of multi-disciplinary curriculum standard knowledge semantics to provide more reasonable STEAM project-based learning themes for teachers of those subjects. First, the STEAM multi-disciplinary knowledge semantic dataset was generated through the course’s standard text and open-source encyclopedia data. Next, based on the semantic tensor decomposition of specific STEAM topics, the dynamic generation of knowledge graphs was realized, providing interdisciplinary STEAM learning topic sequences for teachers of a single discipline. Finally, the application experiment of generating STEAM learning themes proved the effectiveness of our model.

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8

Chorpening, Ben, Geo A. Richards, Kent H. Casleton, Mark Woike, Brian Willis, and Larry Hoffman. "Demonstration of a Reheat Combustor for Power Production With CO2 Sequestration." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 4 (2003): 740–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1924633.

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Concerns about climate change have encouraged significant interest in concepts for ultralow or “zero”-emissions power generation systems. In a concept proposed by Clean Energy Systems, Inc., nitrogen is removed from the combustion air and replaced with steam diluent. In this way, formation of nitrogen oxides is prevented, and the exhaust stream can be separated into concentrated CO2 and water streams. The concentrated CO2 stream could then serve as input to a CO2 sequestration process. In this study, experimental data are reported from a full-scale combustion test using steam as the diluent in oxy-fuel combustion. This combustor represents the “reheat” combustion system in a steam cycle that uses a high and low-pressure steam expansion. The reheat combustor serves to raise the temperature of the low-pressure steam turbine inlet, similar to the reheat stage of a conventional steam power cycle. Unlike a conventional steam cycle, the reheat enthalpy is actually generated by oxy-fuel combustion in the steam flow. This paper reports on the unique design aspects of this combustor, as well as initial emissions and operating performance.

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9

Vikhraman Muniandy, Mohd Sharizal Abdul Aziz, and Hadafi Fitri Mohd Latip. "Study on The Improvement of Heat Recovery Steam Generator Efficiency – A Review." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 94, no. 2 (2022): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.94.2.8998.

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Boilers are widely used in industries to produce steam. In some sectors, the steam generated is utilized directly in the production line for heating. Certain industries use steam to produce electricity. Fire tube boilers are limited to generating steam for processing; meanwhile, water tube boilers are widely used in electricity generation besides steam generation for processing lines. Subcritical boilers, supercritical boilers, and Heat Recovery Steam Generator (HRSG) are types of boilers commonly used to produce high capacity steam. This review article focuses on the optimization of HRSG operational efficiency. Industry players are keen on the improvement of operational efficiency since these directly influence the operating cost. Steam pressure, steam output, heat transfer efficiency and temperature distributions are key areas comprehensively reviewed in this article. Generally, improvement studies on boilers are not feasible to conduct during operation. Therefore, the scaled-down model used in the experiment or the boilers CFD models are simulated to understand the characteristics of the boilers. This review article is expected to overview HRSG boiler efficiency improvements and factors influencing boiler operational parameters.

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10

Alam, Mohammad Tawhidul, Tanbir Ibne Anowar, Md Ashiquzzaman ., Foysal Dhali, and Sifatuzzaman Niloy. "Electricity Generation from Exhaust Steam of a Steam Turbine Generator." Journal of Electrical and Power System Engineering 10, no. 1 (2024): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jepse.2024.v010i01.005.

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The world desperately needs renewable energy. Harnessing energy from waste heat has the potential of bringing in a new era of electricity. This paper explores the utilization of waste heat through the implementation of a Peltier module-based electricity generation system. The proposed system employs Thermoelectric Generators (TEGs), leveraging the Seebeck effect, to convert thermal energy differentials into electric voltage. Through a detailed examination of the system's design, implementation methodology, and experimental results, the paper clarifies the feasibility and efficiency of Peltier-based electricity generation, including a scenario involving a 100 MW Diesel Power Plant that demonstrates the scalability and practical applications of the system. In this article, we utilized 750 ml water to create a total of 201.8256 mWh of energy from three Peltier modules. 12V Peltier modules were utilized in the planned system and predicted with 2L of water to create a maximum of 11.18 V, 9.67 V, and 7.23 V into three distinct Peltier modules. Data analysis and forecasting models provide insights into system performance and limitations under varying conditions. Ethical considerations regarding sustainability, material procurement, and disposal are also discussed. The paper underscores the promise of Peltier-based electricity generation in harnessing waste heat for sustainable energy solutions while emphasizing the importance of ethical awareness in technology deployment.

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11

Al-Mtury, Atheer Abdul Amir, Sabah Malik Al-Shatty, Asaad R. Al-Hilphy, and Muhammad Faisal Manzoor. "Sustainable Innovations in Steam Generation for Food Sterilization Processes: A Review." Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences 37, no. 2 (2024): 326–53. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200860.2024.37.2.25.

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The current review aimed to identify the recent developments in sustainable steam generation and its applications in food sterilization. Fuel, gas, and coal boilers are the traditional methods for producing steam. Recently, innovative methods of steam generation include electrodes, solar, natural gas, nano-electric, biogas, biomethane boilers, and sustainable steam generation through heat pump (heat pump is an energy-efficient device that transfers heat from one location to another, typically using electricity). The calories in the 100% saturated steam are higher than steam saturation by 95%. The solar parabolic dish system includes biaxial tracking mechanism that ensures increased efficiency and useful energy production due to the increased radiation. Electrode boilers generate steam using electric current, offering simplicity, reliability, and efficiency. Nano-electric boiler boasts a high-power density, minimal carbon emissions, great physical stability, and high-power factor and electric conversion efficiency. The efficiency of natural gas, biogas and biomethane boilers ranges from 94% to 95% with an economizer. The air-source heat pump boiler provides stable system output with high energy efficiency, generating steam at temperatures exceeding 120°C. Water content below 0.01% mass is necessary for steam purity to prevent overheating. The thermal treatment of canned food should reduce bacteria levels by 12 log cycles in low-acid foods to meet safety limits. The container contains 1 spores for Clostridium botulinum for thermal treatment (sterilization) at 121°C. The process involves sterilizing materials at 121°C for 15 min, killing most heat-resistant microorganisms. The innovative steam sterilization methods aim to advance industrial uses that fulfill net-zero emissions and sustainable development goals (SDG).

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12

Steinmann, Wolf-Dieter, and Markus Eck. "Buffer storage for direct steam generation." Solar Energy 80, no. 10 (2006): 1277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2005.05.013.

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13

Natan, Sivan, Dvora Barnea, and Yehuda Taitel. "Direct steam generation in parallel pipes." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 29, no. 11 (2003): 1669–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2003.07.002.

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14

Toyoda, Masahiro, and Michio Inagaki. "Carbon materials for solar steam-generation." Carbon 214 (October 2023): 118373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118373.

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15

Watanabe, Takayuki. "Water Plasma Generation Under Atmospheric Pressure for Waste Treatment." ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering 5, no. 1 (2005): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ajche.50161.

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DC lOO%-steam plasma characteristics were investigated for the application of halogenated hydrocarbon decomposition because steam plasmas are chemically reactive. However, plasma system generally requires complex subsystems such as steam generators and cooling units. The presented steam plasma system is a portable light-weight plasma generation system that does not require any gas supply unit. The system has high-energy efficiency because it does not need additional cooling water. Electrodes of high durability are required for a DC lOO%-steam plasma because the electrodes are exposed to reactive conditions. Thus, the electrode's characteristics were also investigated under different configurations and conditions. Keywords: CFC decomposition, halon decomposition, steam plasma, thermal plasma, and waste treatment.

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16

Xu, You, Jiacheng Yin, Jun Wang, and Xianbao Wang. "Design and optimization of solar steam generation system for water purification and energy utilization: A review." REVIEWS ON ADVANCED MATERIALS SCIENCE 58, no. 1 (2019): 226–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rams-2019-0034.

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AbstractSolar steam generation with low-cost and excellent energy efficiency is of great significance for alleviating an energy crisis, reducing water pollution and promoting seawater desalination. However, there are still numerous challenges for solar steam generation system to practical energy utilization. In this review, based on our previous research, we summarize various methods of solar steam generation, photothermal conversion mechanism and efficiency. We studied a series of effecting factors for solar steam generation. Our systematic investigation provided a clearer understanding of how to design and optimize the photothermal conversion system to improve the steam generation rate and energy conversion rate, including improving light absorption, reducing heat loss, and optimizing water supply. This article aims to make a comprehensive review of present solar steam technology, so that people can better apply photothermal conversion technology. Meanwhile, it also provides a route for the selection of photothermal materials, the design and optimization of the photothermal conversion system.

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17

Holcomb, Gordon R. "Steam Oxidation of Advanced Steam Turbine Alloys." Materials Science Forum 595-598 (September 2008): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.595-598.299.

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Power generation from coal using ultra supercritical steam results in improved fuel efficiency and decreased greenhouse gas emissions. Results of ongoing research into the oxidation of candidate nickel-base alloys for ultra supercritical steam turbines are presented. Exposure conditions range from moist air at atmospheric pressure (650°C to 800°C) to steam at 34.5 MPa (650°C to 760°C). Parabolic scale growth coupled with internal oxidation and reactive evaporation of chromia are the primary corrosion mechanisms.

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18

Birnbaum, Jürgen, Jan Fabian Feldhoff, Markus Fichtner, et al. "Steam temperature stability in a direct steam generation solar power plant." Solar Energy 85, no. 4 (2011): 660–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2010.10.005.

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19

Yang, Shan-Jen, and Yung-Jung Hsu. "Plasmon-Mediated Solar Steam Generation over Au@Cu₇S₄ Yolk@Shell Nanocrystals." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 14 (2023): 1374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01141374mtgabs.

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In recent years, solar steam generation has attracted extensive attention because it can address the shortage of water resources. Traditional techniques enabling solar steam generation are based on heating water under concentrated solar irradiation, suffering from low solar to heat conversion efficiency. By exploiting the heat localization effect from photothermal materials, the efficiency of solar steam generation can be significantly improved. Similarly, electromagnetic field confinement induced by plasmonic materials has also proven efficient for promoting solar steam generation. In this study, Au@Cu7S4 yolk@shell nanocrystals were prepared and employed as plasmonic mediums for superior solar steam generation. Here, Au was a typical plasmonic metal showing a plasmon resonance peak around 550 nm. Cu7S4, on the other hand, represented a self-doped plasmonic semiconductor capable of absorbing photons beyond 1000 nm. The combination of Au and Cu7S4 in Au@Cu7S4 nanocrystals allowed a broadband light absorption across the visible and near infrared regions. The superior solar steam generation over Au@Cu7S4 was attributed to the broadband light absorption and the enhanced solar to heat conversion efficiency rendered by the combined plasmonic effects of Au and Cu7S4.

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20

Larson, E. D., and R. H. Williams. "Steam-Injected Gas Turbines." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 109, no. 1 (1987): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240006.

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Among cogeneration and central station power generating technologies, gas turbine systems are attractive largely because of their low capital cost and simplicity. However, poor part-load efficiencies have restricted simple-cycle gas turbines largely to base-load cogeneration applications, while relatively low efficiencies for the production of power only have restricted gas turbines largely to peaking central station applications. Steam-injected gas turbines overcome cogeneration part-load problems by providing for steam in excess of process requirements to be injected into the combustor to raise electrical output and generating efficiency. For central station applications, proposed steam-injected gas turbines would achieve higher efficiencies at smaller capacities than any existing commercial technology, including combined cycles. Their high efficiency and expected low capital cost would make them highly competitive for baseload power generation. This paper provides an overview of steam-injection technology, including performance calculations and an assessment of the economic significance of the technology for cogeneration and central station applications.

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21

Alaefour, Ibrahim, and Bale V. Reddy. "Effect of Steam Injection in Gas Turbine Combustion Chamber on the Performance of a Natural Gas Fired Combined Cycle Power Generation Unit." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 4574–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.4574.

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Combined cycle power generation plants are becoming popular to generate power at higher efficiencies with reduced greenhouse gas emissions. In the present work the effect of steam injection in the gas turbine combustion chamber on the performance of a natural gas fired combined cycle power plant is investigated. For a particular combined cycle power generation configuration, the effect of steam injection on the performance is conducted based on first law of thermodynamics. The steam injection influences the work output and efficiencies of gas turbine, steam turbine and combined cycle power generation unit.

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22

Garcia, Alvaro Quiles, Naoya Nishiumi, Atsushi Saito, Eriko Matsumura, and Jiro Senda. "Economic, Environmental and Energetic Analysis of a Distributed Generation System Composed by Waste Gasification and Photovoltaic Panels." Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133889.

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Fossil fuel dependency in developed countries is worrisome due to the lack of energy security that traditional energy generation provides. In order to prevent future energy problems and to maintain a sustainable society, some countries are starting to develop renewable energy sources. In this research, biomass energy is introduced as a solution not only to reduce fossil fuel dependency, but also to improve municipal solid waste management. The purpose of this report is to construct a distributed power generation system combining the superheated steam gasification of solid waste and photovoltaic panels, and to verify the feasibility of generating power at the consumption site. It also focuses on optimizing the current waste superheated steam gasification system and compares the superheated steam gasification technology with other waste to energy technologies, such as downdraft air gasification and solid waste direct combustion. Finally, the report analyzes the economic, environmental and energetic viability of the above mentioned distributed generation system, which is located in a medium size mall surrounded by a community of 20,000 inhabitants. As a result, it was found that a distributed generation system composed by waste superheated steam gasification and photovoltaic panels is perfectly feasible, since its long term economic performance shows high profitability.

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23

Kang, Dae Hoon, Sun-Ik Na, and Min Soo Kim. "Recent Researches on Steam Generation Heat Pump System." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 25, no. 04 (2017): 1730005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132517300051.

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This paper reviews the latest researches on steam generation heat pump (SGHP) to cover diverse technologies to enhance the performance depending on its applications. High temperature heat pump that can produce steam was reviewed first, and SGHP which recovers waste heat from low grade heat source (evaporator) was outlined. Conventional waste heat recovery from many industrial sites was reviewed, and SGHP to produce higher temperature steam by re-compression after heat sink (condenser) was discussed.

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24

Šlekienė, Violeta. "CHALLENGES OF NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION: THE EDUCATION OF NEW GENERATION INNOVATORS." Natural Science Education in a Comprehensive School (NSECS) 24, no. 1 (2018): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu/18.24.94.

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STEAM education is not new in the world. Many research and international projects aimed at developing and improving this field have been and still are ongoing. In view of the rapid changes in science and technology and the growth of interdisciplinary integration, educational strategists, scientists and specialists from different countries regularly update the content of STEAM subjects and their teaching methods. Educational strategists of our country have declared STEAM education as a priority area of education. The Ministry of Education emphasizes that it is particularly important to raise pupils' interest in STEAM and to train 21st century teachers with STEAM education-relevant competencies. STEAM education is an interdisciplinary approach to learning where rigorous academic concepts are coupled with real world lessons as students apply science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in contexts that make connections between school, community, work, and the global enterprise enabling the development of STEAM literacy and with it the ability to compete in the new economy. STEAM education emphasizes art and technical creativity as interdisciplinary access, combining it with a rational combination with the peculiarities of individual subjects. At present, in the context of particularly rapid changes in the labor market, it is difficult to predict which specialties will be required when current students complete their studies. It is forecasted that even 65% basic school pupils, when they graduate, will work according to the specialty that currently does not exist and that by the year 2020, due to new technologies and business models, the global labor market will lose at least 7,1 million job places. This means that new skills and specialties will also be sought for educated, intellectually engineered professionals. That means, it is important to emphasize at school not only the importance of the knowledge itself, but also the continuous development of various skills. There is a growing debate about the abilities that will determine your professional and personal success in the future. The factors contributing to the necessity for the development and improvement of STEAM education, STEAM education issues, their causes, what is done in STEAM in other countries and the national STEAM conception have been highlighted in this paper. Keywords: STEAM education, STEAM conception, science communication.

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25

Agüero, Alina, Marcos Gutiérrez, and Raúl Muelas. "Steam Oxidation Testing of Coatings for Next Generation Steam Power Plant Components." Materials Science Forum 522-523 (August 2006): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.522-523.205.

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To achieve higher power generation efficiency in steam turbines, operating temperatures are expected to rise from 550°C to 650°C. The use of oxidation resistant coatings on currently available materials, with high creep strength but inferior steam oxidation resistance, is being explored in order to accomplish this goal in the context of the European project “Coatings for Supercritical Steam Cycles” (SUPERCOAT). Coating techniques have been chosen on the basis of being potentially appropriate for coating steam turbine components: the application of metallic and ceramic slurries, pack cementation and the deposition of alloyed and cermet materials by thermal spray. The coatings were characterised by metallography, SEM-EDS and XRD and steam oxidation and thermal cycling laboratory testing was carried out at 650º C. In this presentation, the testing results of selected coatings will be shown including those which exhibit the most promising behaviour. For instance, slurry aluminides have been exposed to steam at 650°C for more than 38,000 h (test ongoing) without evidence of substrate attack. Some HVOF coatings such as FeAl, NiCr and FeCr also have shown excellent behaviour. The results have provided information regarding the mechanism of protection and degradation of these coatings as well as insight into new coating development.

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KOSHIMIZU, Takao, and Ryosuke AKIYOSHI. "Effect of Steam Generation Quantity on Steam Type Thermoacoustic Self-Excited Oscillation." Proceedings of Conference of Kyushu Branch 2022.75 (2022): D11. https://doi.org/10.1299/jsmekyushu.2022.75.d11.

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He, Yuming, Huayang Li, Xuelian Guo, and Rongbo Zheng. "Delignified wood-based highly efficient solar steam generation device via promoting both water transportation and evaporation." BioResources 14, no. 2 (2019): 3758–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.2.3758-3767.

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Wood-based solar steam generation holds great promise in alleviating fresh water crises due to its advantages: light absorbability, thermal management, water transpiration, and water evaporation. Although tremendous efforts have been made to improve wood-based solar steam generation devices, they mainly have focused on the optimization of photothermal materials to optimize light absorbability and thermal management to enhance efficiency of steam generation. This research demonstrates that delignified wood (DL-wood) can further improve the efficiency of steam generation via increasing both the water transportation and water evaporation. The results show that after placing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on DL-wood, the efficiency of steam production is higher than that of natural wood coated with CNTs by 20% under ambient sunlight conditions. DL-wood with CNTs has the following advantages: (1) it is stable, available, and easy to extend; (2) it does not pollute the environment and will not cause discoloration or dregs when used; and (3) it is a promising efficiency-enhancing solution for renewable and portable solar power generation.

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28

Wang, Kongxiang, Jiaojiao Xing, Ankang Kan, Huaqing Xie, and Wei Yu. "Investigation of Enhanced Volumetric Solar Steam Generation by a Lower Concentration of ZrC Nanofluid." Nano 15, no. 03 (2020): 2050030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292020500307.

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Solar steam generation is an efficient photo thermal conversion method, which has a wide range of applications in water purification and desalination. With an increasing requirement for technological advancements, the low efficiency of the working media has become a hindrance. In this work, ZrC nanofluid, which has good stability and broad-band absorption capability, was prepared to enhance the volumetric solar steam generation. The effect of ZrC nanoparticle concentration, within a large volume, on a solar steam generation was experimentally studied. It has been found that due to the unique optical absorption characteristics of ZrC nanoparticles, an advantageous temperature gradient with hot irradiation surface layer is attained and the irradiation energy is mostly absorbed by the top surface layer to generate steam. This reduces heat dissipation and improves the evaporation efficiency of the working media. Enhanced solar steam generation by using ZrC nanofluid in the base fluid reduces evaporation costs and expands its applicability in commercial production.

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29

Balaso, Farande Bahubali, and Hanumant P. Jagtap. "Failure analysis steam turbine in sugar factory thermal power plant: a Review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1285, no. 1 (2024): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1285/1/012005.

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Abstract Generating electricity from thermal energy is one of the main ways of generating electricity. However, it must be generated in the most efficient and effective way. Due to the urgency of electricity generation, it is essential that it is produced in the most efficient way to minimize losses, maximise output, optimise resource utilisation and reduce overall costs of the power plant. These outputs are even more critical in the current era where sustainability has become the top priority. A thermal power plant is a converter of fossil fuels to electricity in which steam is used during a cycle to spin a turbine driving generator to produce electricity. It is important to maintain a power plant if it runs without failure. Reliability analysis is a standard tool for designing, scheduling and maintaining any system. Reliability of a power plant refers to the ability to generate electricity efficiently and more cost-effectively with an acceptable quality assurance. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of power generation in a sugar factory by steam turbine and the reasons for steam turbine failure. It also analyzes the maintenance models employed to enhance steam turbine availability in thermal power plants.

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30

Perreault, Alice. "A New Generation for Art and Science." STEAM 3, no. 1 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5642/steam.20170301.15.

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31

Wang, Runchen, Xiaonan Du, Yuetao Shi, Yuhao Wang, and Fengzhong Sun. "An Ejector and Flashbox-Integrated Approach to Flue Gas Waste Heat Recovery: A Novel Systematic Study." Energies 16, no. 22 (2023): 7607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16227607.

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In this study, a comprehensive examination was conducted to explore the technology involved in the recovery of waste heat from flue gas emitted by a 1000 MW unit. Traditional methods are constrained in their ability to harness waste heat from flue gas solely for the purpose of generating medium-temperature water. The system being examined not only recovers waste heat but also utilizes it to generate steam, thereby greatly improving resource efficiency. The process entails utilizing the flue gas to heat water to a certain temperature, followed by subjecting it to flash evaporation. This process leads to the generation of low-pressure waste heat steam. Within the steam ejector, the waste heat steam combines with high-pressure motive steam extracted from the source, resulting in the formation of medium-pressure steam. Within the steam ejector, the waste heat steam blends with high-pressure motive steam drawn from the source, forming medium-pressure steam that eventually feeds into the A8 steam extraction pipe (low-pressure turbine pumping pipe). The present study examines the fluctuation patterns in motive steam flow, suction coefficient, waste heat steam volume, and outlet temperature of the flue water heat exchanger when different motive steam sources are used. Additionally, the research calculates the reduction in CO2 emissions, the coal consumption for power supply, and the cost savings in fuel for the retrofitted system. The findings indicate that maximizing energy utilization can be achieved by operating the retrofitted unit at the lowest feasible waste heat steam pressure. The implementation of the new system has resulted in a substantial decrease in coal consumption for power supply. When employing main steam as the extraction steam source, the consumption of coal for power generation decreases in proportion to the decrease in waste heat steam pressure while maintaining a constant unit load. When the waste heat steam pressure reaches 0.0312 MPa, the recorded coal consumption for power generation varies between 289.43 g/kWh at 100% turbine heat acceptance (THA) and 326.94 g/kWh at 30%THA. When comparing this performance with the initial thermal power plant (TPP) unit, it demonstrates reductions of 2.26 g/kWh and 1.52 g/kWh, respectively. After implementing modifications to this 1000 MW unit, it is projected that the annual CO2 emissions can be effectively reduced by 6333.97 tons, resulting in significant cost savings of approximately USD 0.23 million in fuel expenses. This system exhibits considerable potential in terms of emission reduction and provides valuable insights for thermal power plants aiming to decrease unit energy consumption.

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Ryu, Myeong-Rok, Young-Jik Lee, and Kweon-Ha Park. "Effect of reboiler layout on steam generation." Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology 44, no. 1 (2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5916/jamet.2020.44.1.1.

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Manjarekar, S. "Sea Water Distillation and Steam Power Generation." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 6, no. 3 (2018): 1256–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2018.3196.

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Honda, Akira, Ryosuke Matsumoto, Mamoru Ozawa, and Masashi Katsuki. "F114 Steam generation by using porous media." Proceedings of the Thermal Engineering Conference 2015 (2015): _F114–1_—_F114–2_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeted.2015._f114-1_.

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Dea, Jack Y. "Underwater impulsive acoustical generation from steam bubbles." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 102, no. 5 (1997): 3100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.420502.

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Laing, Doerte, Carsten Bahl, Thomas Bauer, Dorothea Lehmann, and Wolf-Dieter Steinmann. "Thermal energy storage for direct steam generation." Solar Energy 85, no. 4 (2011): 627–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2010.08.015.

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Smolik, G. R., K. A. McCarthy, D. A. Petti, and K. Coates. "Hydrogen generation from steam reaction with tungsten." Journal of Nuclear Materials 258-263 (October 1998): 1979–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3115(98)00169-x.

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Aström, K. J., and R. D. Bell. "A Nonlinear Model for Steam Generation Processes." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 26, no. 2 (1993): 649–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)48549-1.

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Alguacil, M., C. Prieto, A. Rodriguez, and J. Lohr. "Direct Steam Generation in Parabolic Trough Collectors." Energy Procedia 49 (2014): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.003.

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Hachicha, Ahmed Amine. "Thermo-hydraulic modelling for Direct Steam Generation." Energy Procedia 143 (December 2017): 705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.750.

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Fateev, E. G. "Steam generation via explosive fragmentation of ice." Technical Physics Letters 34, no. 5 (2008): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063785008050015.

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HONDA, Akira, Ryosuke MATSUMOTO, Mamoru OZAWA, and Masashi KATSUKI. "P069 Steam generation by using porous media." Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2015.90 (2015): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2015.90.487.

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HONDA, Akira, Ryosuke MATSUMOTO, Mamoru OZAWA, and Masashi KATSUKI. "M1006 Steam generation by using porous media." Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2016.91 (2016): 364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2016.91.364.

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44

Layne, A. W. "Next-generation turbine systems [steam power plants]." IEEE Power Engineering Review 21, no. 4 (2001): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/39.916340.

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45

Xu, Ning, Xiaozhen Hu, Weichao Xu, et al. "Mushrooms as Efficient Solar Steam-Generation Devices." Advanced Materials 29, no. 28 (2017): 1606762. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201606762.

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Zhang, Ying, Lingya Yuan, Xin Chen, Yawen Gao, Kongquan Zhu, and Fengyan Xie. "Rational microchannel distribution accelerates solar steam generation." Journal of Water Process Engineering 70 (February 2025): 107077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2025.107077.

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Kuzmenkov, D. M., A. V. Olkhovskiy, V. S. Yunin, and K. V. Kutsenko. "Application of nanoparticles for solar-driven steam generation." Vestnik IGEU, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2022.3.013-023.

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Nanoparticles suspended in the base fluid intensify the light-absorbing properties of the medium within wavelength range from 0,2 to 2,5 μm significantly. Also, they can serve as vapor bubble nucleation sites when the base fluid is boiling. Such suspensions are widely used to design the direct absorption solar collectors, in which the nanofluid is possessed both the working fluid and solar energy absorber. However, there is a lack of theoretical models that are capable to evaluate the steam rated capacity of direct absorption solar collector. Thus, the aim of the present paper is an experimental and theoretical study of the boiling of nanofluid exposed to thermal radiation. The experimental study has been carried out on a laboratory-scale unit with a solar radiation simulator. The experimental unit is capable to operate at a continuous steady-state mode with recirculation of condensed fluid. Two types of nanoparticles have been tested: multiwall carbon nanotubes with two sizes of 49 nm and 72 nm and 110 nm iron oxide particles Fe3O4. Distilled and salt water has been used as the base fluid for all types of particles. Mass fraction of particles is varied from 0,5 to 5 %. The reference experiment has been carried out for salt water in a blackened receiver. The theoretical model assumes that boiling is localized in a narrow region adjacent to the irradiated surface. An experimental study of the steam rated capacity for various types of particles has been carried out. An analytical expression has been proposed to estimate the steam rated capacity during the boiling of a nanofluid exposed to thermal radiation. Comparison of the experimental data for the distilled water-based and saltwater-based nanofluids has been carried out. It is found that the addition of sea salt does not affect the steam generation significantly. The maximum difference is 12 %. The highest steam rated capacity is achieved when using carbon nanotubes of mass fraction of 5 %. The steam rated capacity is increased by 23 % compared with the reference experiment. The theoretical model reproduces the experimental data with an average deviation of 7 %. Application of nanoparticles in direct absorption solar collectors allows us to increase the steam rated capacity compared with the boiling of the base liquid in a blackened receiver. The theoretical model is capable to estimate to a high precision the steam rated capacity in case of boiling of suspension exposed to thermal radiation. The results of this study may be of interest during the development of solar power plants with a steam turbine cycle.

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Wang, Zhen, and Liqiang Duan. "Thermoeconomic Optimization of Steam Pressure of Heat Recovery Steam Generator in Combined Cycle Gas Turbine under Different Operation Strategies." Energies 14, no. 16 (2021): 4991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14164991.

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The optimization of the steam parameters of the heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) of Combined Cycle Gas Turbines (CCGT) has become one of the important means to reduce the power generation cost of combined cycle units. Based on the structural theory of thermoeconomics, a thermoeconomic optimization model for a triple pressure reheat HRSG is established. Taking the minimization of the power generation cost of the combined cycle system as the optimization objective, an optimization algorithm based on three factors and six levels of orthogonal experimental samples to determine the optimal solution for the high, intermediate and low pressure steam pressures under different gas turbine (GT) operation strategies. The variation law and influencing factors of the system power generation cost with the steam pressure level under all operation strategies are analyzed. The research results show that the system power generation cost decreases as the GT load rate increases, T4 plays a dominant role in the selection of the optimal pressure level for high pressure (HP) steam and, in order to obtain the optimum power generation cost, the IGV T3-650-F mode should be adopted to keep the T4 at a high level under different GT load rates.

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Aguilar Vizcarra, Duilio, Doris Esenarro, and Ciro Rodriguez. "Design of a Pyroacuotubular (Mixed) Boiler for the Reduction of Flue Gas Emissions through the Simultaneous Generation of Hot Water and Water Steam." Fluids 7, no. 9 (2022): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids7090312.

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Environmental protection is a continuous challenge that requires innovating the combustion process of boilers that emit polluting gases. This research proposes a novel pyroacuotubular (mixed) boiler design that reduces the emission of combustion gases by hot water and steam. The applied methodology considers the dimensioning-construction, modification, and analytical calculation of water volume, metallic masses, heat for hot water and steam generation, and combustion gases. The Ganapaty method of heat transfer is applied to prioritize the velocity of gas displacement, the pressure drop along the pipe, and its application on surfaces. In the parallel generation of hot water and steam, a mass of CO2 (1782.72 kg/h) and CO (5.48 kg/h) was obtained; these masses were compared with the results of the proposed design, obtaining a reduction in the mass of gases emitted to the environment in hot water CO2 (44.35%) and CO (44.27%); steam CO2 (55.65%) and CO (55.66%). A significant reduction was achieved in the simultaneous generation of hot water and steam compared to the individual generation, which shows that the simultaneous generation of the pyroacuotubular (mixed) boiler reduces the emission of combustion gases.

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Askari Mahvelati, Ehsan, Mario Forcinito, Laurent Fitschy, and Arthur Maesen. "Three-Dimensional CFD Model Development and Validation for Once-Through Steam Generator (OTSG): Coupling Combustion, Heat Transfer and Steam Generation." ChemEngineering 6, no. 2 (2022): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering6020023.

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The current research studies the coupled combustion inside the furnace and the steam generation inside the radiant and convection tubes through a typical Once-Through Steam Generator (OTSG). A 3-D CFD model coupling the combustion and the two-phase flow was developed to model the entire system of OTSG. Once the combustion simulation was converged, the results were compared to field data showing a convincing agreement. The CFD analysis provides the detailed flow behavior inside the combustion chamber and the stack, as well as the two-phase flow steam generation process in the radiant and convective sections. The flame shape and orientation, the velocity, the species, and the temperature distribution at the various parts of the furnace, as well as the steam generation and the steam distribution inside the pipes were investigated using the developed CFD model

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