Journal articles: 'Steam power plants'

1

Darwish, M. A. "Cogeneration steam power desalting plants using steam turbines." International Journal of Exergy 1, no. 4 (2004): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijex.2004.005792.

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Badr, O., S. D. Probert, and P. O'Callaghan. "Rankine cycles for steam power-plants." Applied Energy 36, no. 3 (January 1990): 191–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-2619(90)90012-3.

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Ulloa, Carlos, Guillermo Rey, Ángel Sánchez, and Ángeles Cancela. "Power Plants, Steam and Gas Turbines WebQuest." Education Sciences 2, no. 4 (October 24, 2012): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci2040180.

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Silvestri, G. J., R. L. Bannister, T. Fujikawa, and A. Hizume. "Optimization of Advanced Steam Condition Power Plants." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 114, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 612–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906634.

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The modern pulverized-coal power plant is the product of continuous design experience and component improvement in the 20th century. In recent years, studies of the effect of high temperatures on turbine materials have led to major worldwide research and development programs on improving the thermal cycle by raising turbine-inlet pressure and temperature. This paper reviews the importance of various parameters in trying to optimize a turbine cycle designed for advanced steam conditions. Combinations of throttle pressure (between 3500 psi [24.1 MPa] and 10,000 psi [70MPa]), throttle and reheat temperature(1000°F [538°C] to 1400°F [760°C]), and number of reheats are explored to establish a realistic turbine cycle design. Assessments and trade-offs are discussed, as applicable. Critical cycle components, feedwater cycle arrangements, and reheat pressure selections are analyzed in establishing an optimized steam turbine-boiler cycle for a 1000 MW turbine-generator. Applicability of results to smaller advanced steam turbines is given. A brief update on the high-temperature Wakamatsu turbine project in Japan is also given.

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Rout, Ivan. "Thermal Analysis of Steam Turbine Power Plants." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 7, no. 2 (2013): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-0722836.

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Layne, A. W. "Next-generation turbine systems [steam power plants]." IEEE Power Engineering Review 21, no. 4 (April 2001): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/39.916340.

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Matjanov, Erkinjon K., and Zarina M. Akhrorkhujaeva. "Solar repowering existing steam cycle power plants." International Journal of Thermofluids 17 (February 2023): 100285. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2023.100285.

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Kovalchuk, V., I. Kozlov, O. Dorozh, and A. Machkov. "EFFICIENCY OF STEAM GENERATORS AT NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS." Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet Pratsi 2, no. 64 (2021): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.2.64.2021.04.

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The possibility of a comprehensive assessment of steam generators efficiency at nuclear power plants with water-water reactors, based on the indicator of OEE (overall equipment effectiveness) is considered. It is proposed to consider efficiency as the probability of functioning from the standpoint of availability, performance and product quality.The aim of the work is to evaluate the possibility of using the OEE indicator to analyze the efficiency of NPP steam generators in complex conditions: reactor − steam generator − turbine. Achieving this goal will provide a comprehensive indicator of monitoring the efficiency of steam generating systems and have a tool for systematic monitoring of steam generators. To assess the organizational and environmental efficiency of the organizational structure, individual, group and integrated indicators are proposed, which reflect the share or decrease of the absolute indicator in the system compared to the baseline. The study is based on the analysis of long-term performance of units with steam generators PG-1000, which are comparable. It is shown that the main element of the steam generation system, which determines its efficiency, is the heat generating source. The contribution to the efficiency of all aspects of operation is estimated. It is shown that the efficiency index of OEE allows to characterize the efficiency of steam generators operation at nuclear power plants with water-water reactors, and can be used to monitor and control the process of their operation. In result of research, it is defined that steam generator efficiency increases in process of achievement of the maximum value of its productivity.

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Chen, Cheng-Liang, and Chih-Yao Lin. "Design and Optimization of Steam Distribution Systems for Steam Power Plants." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 50, no. 13 (July 6, 2011): 8097–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie102059n.

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Kozera, W., and J. Szcześniak. "Optimal Control of Superheated Steam Temperature in Steam Turbine Power Plants." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 28, no. 2 (May 1995): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)51693-6.

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Kail, C. "Evaluation of Advanced Combined Cycle Power Plants." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy 212, no. 1 (February 1998): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095765099821200101.

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This report will analyse and evaluate the most recent and significant trends in combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant configurations. The various enhancements will be compared with the ‘simple’ gas turbine. The first trend, a gas turbine with reheat, cannot convert its better efficiency and higher output into a lower cost of electrical power. The additional investments required as well as increased maintenance costs will neutralize all the thermodynamic performance advantages. The second concept of cooling the turbine blades with steam puts very stringent requirements on the blade materials, the steam quality and the steam cooling system design. Closed-loop steam cooling of turbine blades offers cost advantages only if all its technical problems can be solved and the potential risks associated with the process can be eliminated through long demonstration programmes in the field. The third configuration, a gas turbine with a closed-loop combustion chamber cooling system, appears to be less problematic than the previous, steam-cooled turbine blades. In comparison with an open combustion chamber cooling system, this solution is more attractive due to better thermal performance and lower emissions. Either air or steam can be used as the cooling fluid.

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Damiani, Lorenzo, and Alessandro Pini Prato. "Simulation of a Power Regulation System for Steam Power Plants." Energy Procedia 45 (2014): 1185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.01.124.

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Alamoodi, Nahla, and Prodromos Daoutidis. "Nonlinear control of coal-fired steam power plants." Control Engineering Practice 60 (March 2017): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2016.12.005.

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Wales, Christopher, Michael Tierney, Martyn Pavier, and Peter EJ Flewitt. "Reducing steam transport pipe temperatures in power plants." Energy 183 (September 2019): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.06.059.

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15

Dincer, I., and H. Al-Muslim. "Thermodynamic analysis of reheat cycle steam power plants." Fuel and Energy Abstracts 43, no. 4 (July 2002): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6701(02)86312-3.

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16

Sato, S. "Improvements in steam generation technology [for power plants]." IEEE Power Engineering Review 21, no. 3 (March 2001): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/39.911344.

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17

Reynolds, G. "Repowering: enhance what is there [steam power plants]." IEEE Power Engineering Review 21, no. 3 (March 2001): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/39.911347.

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Dincer, Ibrahim, and Husain Al-Muslim. "Thermodynamic analysis of reheat cycle steam power plants." International Journal of Energy Research 25, no. 8 (2001): 727–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.717.

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19

Kim, Yong Sung, Sylvie Lorente, and Adrian Bejan. "Distribution of size in steam turbine power plants." International Journal of Energy Research 33, no. 11 (September 2009): 989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.1528.

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20

Bidini, Gianni, Alessandro Manuali, and Stefano Saetta. "Reciprocating steam engine power plants fed by woodwaste." International Journal of Energy Research 22, no. 3 (March 10, 1998): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-114x(19980310)22:3<237::aid-er384>3.0.co;2-r.

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21

Porto-Hernandez, L. A., J. V. C. Vargas, M. N. Munoz, J. Galeano-Cabral, J. C. Ordonez, W. Balmant, and A. B. Mariano. "Fundamental optimization of steam Rankine cycle power plants." Energy Conversion and Management 289 (August 2023): 117148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117148.

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22

Carapellucci, Roberto, and Lorena Giordano. "Upgrading existing gas-steam combined cycle power plants through steam injection and methane steam reforming." Energy 173 (April 2019): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.046.

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23

Nirmala Shivram, Padmavat. "Thermal Power Plant Equipment Using IBM SPSS Statistics Mehtod." REST Journal on Emerging trends in Modelling and Manufacturing 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/6/2/6.

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Thermal Power Plant Equipment. Introduction: A thermal power station is a power station called, the prime mover this is the steam mover. Made to enter the water system then heated, then vaporized will change. The steam rotates in it tries an electric generator and a steam turbine. A type of power plant where thermal energy is transformed into electrical energy is a thermal power plant. Steam high pressure occurs during the formation cycle. A sizable one for creating water steam in a pressure ves-sel. Boiling is accomplished by the application of heat and an electrical generator. The turbine is powered by steam. From the turbine, low pressure the exhaust is in a steam condenser enters, where it heats up the condenser cooled to form, it is more heat to form pressurized steam the process is recycled. This is it is called the Rankine cycle. The design of thermal power stations depends on the intended power source fossil fuel, nuclear and geothermal energy, solar energy, biofuels, and waste incinera-tion is all used. Research significance: Thermal power plant equipment is a power plant that transforms heat energy into electri-cal energy. As part of the steam-generating cycle, high pressure is used to produce steam. An enormous pressure vessel heat to boiling water used, it is an e steam connected to a generator drives the turbine. Traditional thermal power plants: combustion power plants also called, coal, natural gas, heating oil, and biomass-fueled steam boilers with the energy produced by running a steam turbine activates, which is electricity operates a transformer to produce thermal power plants are the most important part of the energy sector one of the important elements, and they of life after water and food as one of the basic needs produces considered electrical energy are masterpieces. Nearly all coal power plants, petroleum power plants, nuclear power plants, geo-thermal power plants, solar thermal power plants, waste incineration plants, and all-natural gas power plants are also hot. Cre-ates what is regarded as electrical energy in gas turbines and boilers natural gas is often burned. Methodology: SPSS statistics is a data management, advanced analytics, multivariate analytics, business intelligence, and criminal investigation developed by IBM for a statistical software package. A long time, spa inc. Was created by, IBM purchased it in 2009. The brand name for the most recent versions is IBM SPSS statistics. Evaluation parameters: water treatment plant, Forced draft fans, Boiler feed pumps, Fuel handling plant, Steam boiler system, Generators, Dust collector system, Mobrey switch, Miscellaneous Auxiliary Equipment. Results: The Cronbach's Alpha Reliability result. The overall Cronbach's Alpha value for the model is .599 which indicates 59% reliability. From the literature review, the above 60% Cronbach's Alpha value model can be considered for anal-ysis.

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24

Pietrasanta, Ariana M., Sergio F. Mussati, Pio A. Aguirre, Tatiana Morosuk, and Miguel C. Mussati. "Optimization of Cogeneration Power-Desalination Plants." Energies 15, no. 22 (November 9, 2022): 8374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228374.

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The design of new dual-purpose thermal desalination plants is a combinatory problem because the optimal process configuration strongly depends on the desired targets of electricity and freshwater. This paper proposes a mathematical model for selecting the optimal structure, the operating conditions, and sizes of all system components of dual-purpose thermal desalination plants. Electricity is supposed to be generated by a combined-cycle heat and power plant (CCHPP) with the following candidate structures: (a) one or two gas turbines; (b) one or two additional burners in the heat recovery steam generator; (c) the presence or missing a medium-pressure steam turbine; (d) steam generation and reheating at low pressure. Freshwater is supposed to be obtained from two candidate thermal processes: and (e) a multi-effect distillation (MED) or a multi-stage flash (MSF) system. The number of effects in MED and stages in MSF are also discrete decisions. Different case studies are presented to show the applicability of the model for same cost data. The proposed model is a powerful tool in optimizing new plants (or plants under modernization) and/or improving existing plants for desired electricity generation and freshwater production. No articles addressing the optimization involving the discrete decisions mentioned above are found in the literature.

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Alnahhal,, Mohamed, Mohamed Elnaggar, and Maher Ghazal. "Improvement of Steam Power Plants Performance Using a Heat Exchanger." Israa University Journal for Applied Science 3 (October 1, 2019): 116–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52865/wxks1395.

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The present work focuses on the improvement of the ideal Rankine cycle performance used in steam power plants. Improving the steam power plant efficiency, or its components performance is desirable where the absence of renewable energy power conversion systems and the shortage of conventional fuels sources take place. The present work studies the possibility of using a counter flow heat exchanger along with the main components of the ideal Rankine cycle. The proposed counter flow heat exchanger will include the flow of compressed liquid exiting the pump and the flow of superheated steam exiting the steam turbine. The advantages of the proposed system which is investigated here include extracting heat through the heat exchanger which can be added to boiler for superheated steam production and thus reduce the amount fuel needed. In addition, since the proposed system assumes a superheated steam at the exit of the steam turbine, so no moisture is expected to form and thus increased effeciency of the steam turbine will be expected. The presents results show that the amount of heat extracted through the proposed heat exchanger for diffrent systematic four test cases of differet exits' temperatures of steam turbines and heat exchanger is systematically increasing when the those temperatures are decreasing suggesting the advantage of the proposed heat exchanger. In addition, however the proposed system eliminated the presence of moisture at the steam turbine which improve the performance of the steam turbine, a systematic reduction reduction in the delivered work by the steam turbine

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Korakianitis, T., J. Grantstrom, P. Wassingbo, and Aristide F. Massardo. "Parametric Performance of Combined-Cogeneration Power Plants With Various Power and Efficiency Enhancements." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1808427.

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The design-point performance characteristics of a wide variety of combined-cogeneration power plants, with different amounts of supplementary firing (or no supplementary firing), different amounts of steam injection (or no steam injection), different amounts of exhaust gas condensation, etc., without limiting these parameters to present-day limits are investigated. A representative power plant with appropriate components for these plant enhancements is developed. A computer program is used to evaluate the performance of various power plants using standard inputs for component efficiencies, and the design-point performance of these plants is computed. The results are presented as thermal efficiency, specific power, effectiveness, and specific rate of energy in district heating. The performance of the simple-cycle gas turbine dominates the overall plant performance; the plant efficiency and power are mainly determined by turbine inlet temperature and compressor pressure ratio; increasing amounts of steam injection in the gas turbine increases the efficiency and power; increasing amounts of supplementary firing decreases the efficiency but increases the power; with sufficient amounts of supplementary firing and steam injection the exhaust-gas condensate is sufficient to make up for water lost in steam injection; and the steam-turbine power is a fraction (0.1 to 0.5) of the gas-turbine power output. Regions of “optimum” parameters for the power plant based on design-point power, hot-water demand, and efficiency are shown. A method for fuel-cost allocation between electricity and hot water is recommended.

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Gorburov, V. I., D. V. Gorburov, and A. V. Kuz’min. "Determination of steam wetness in the steam-generating equipment of nuclear power plants." Thermal Engineering 59, no. 5 (April 15, 2012): 390–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0040601512050023.

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Kapooria, R. K., S. Kumar, and K. S. Kasana. "An analysis of a thermal power plant working on a Rankine cycle: A theoretical investigation." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 19, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2008/v19i1a3314.

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Today, most of the electricity produced throughout the world is from steam power plants. However, electricity is being produced by some other power generation sources such as hydropower, gas power, bio-gas power, solar cells, etc. One newly devel-oped method of electricity generation is the Magneto hydro dynamic power plant. This paper deals with steam cycles used in power plants. Thermodynamic analysis of the Rankine cycle has been undertaken to enhance the efficiency and reli-ability of steam power plants. The thermodynamic deviations resulting in non-ideal or irreversible func-tioning of various steam power plant components have been identified. A comparative study between the Carnot cycle and Rankine cycle efficiency has been analyzed resulting in the introduction of regen-eration in the Rankine cycle. Factors affecting effi-ciency of the Rankine cycle have been identified and analyzed for improved working of thermal power plants.

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Mrzljak, Vedran, Maro Jelić, Igor Poljak, and Jasna Prpić-Oršić. "Analysis and Comparison of Main Steam Turbines from Four Different Thermal Power Plants." Pomorstvo 37, no. 1 (June 29, 2023): 58–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.37.1.6.

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This paper presents an analysis and comparison of four steam turbines and their cylinders from four different power plants (marine, conventional, ultra-supercritical and nuclear power plants). The main goal was to find which steam turbine and their cylinders show the best performances, the highest efficiencies, the lowest specific steam consumption and which turbine is the lowest influenced by the ambient temperature change. The highest efficiencies, both isentropic and exergy, are observed in the steam turbine and their cylinders from the ultra-supercritical power plant (whole turbine from ultra-supercritical power plant has an isentropic efficiency equal to 88.36% and exergy efficiency equal to 91.05%). Also, this turbine has the lowest specific steam consumption (7.32 kg/kWh) and exergy parameters of this turbine are the lowest influenced by the ambient temperature change. The worst performance (the lowest efficiencies, high specific steam consumption and the highest sensitivity to the ambient temperature change) show the cylinders and whole turbine from marine propulsion power plant. The same analysis and comparison are also performed for several other steam turbines from four mentioned power plants, so the presented relations and dominant conclusions have general validity. It can be concluded that steam turbines in ultra-supercritical power plants show the best performances in comparison to steam turbines from any other power plant.

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Cicconardi, S. "Steam power-plants fed by high pressure electrolytic hydrogen." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 29, no. 5 (April 2004): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3199(03)00085-5.

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Fraidenraich, Naum, Carlos Oliveira, Andre F. Vieira da Cunha, Jeffrey M. Gordon, and Olga C. Vilela. "Analytical modeling of direct steam generation solar power plants." Solar Energy 98 (December 2013): 511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2013.09.037.

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Klarstrom, D. L., L. M. Pike, and V. R. Ishwar. "Nickel-Base Alloy Solutions for Ultrasupercritical Steam Power Plants." Procedia Engineering 55 (2013): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.03.246.

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Chen-Kuo Weng and A. Ray. "Robust wide-range control of steam-electric power plants." IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology 5, no. 1 (January 1997): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/87.553666.

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34

Hansson, A. N., and Melanie Montgomery. "Steam Oxidation of TP 347H FG in Power Plants." Materials Science Forum 522-523 (August 2006): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.522-523.181.

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The long term oxidation behaviour of TP 347H FG at ultra supercritical steam conditions was assessed by exposing the steel in test superheater loops in a Danish coal-fired power plant. The steamside oxide layer was investigated with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray diffraction in order to reveal the effect of oxidation time and temperature on the microstructure. A double layered oxide formed during steam oxidation. The morphology of the inner Cr-containing layer was influenced by the oxidation temperature. At temperatures below approx. 585oC, it consisted of regions of Fe-Ni-Cr spinel surrounded by Fe-Cr oxide. At higher temperatures almost the entire inner oxide layer was composed of Fe-Cr oxide. Possible mechanisms for the oxide growth are discussed and it is suggested that faster Cr transport within the alloy at higher temperatures explains the change in morphology. This hypothesis is supported by thermodynamic calculations and kinetic data. The thickness of the inner oxide layer did not change significantly with oxidation time and temperature for exposures less than 30000 h; however after 57554 h the thickness had increased significantly at the lowest temperatures.

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Chen, Cheng-Liang, and Chih-Yao Lin. "Retrofit of steam power plants in a steel mill." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 15, no. 5 (October 9, 2012): 753–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-012-0532-z.

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Chen, Cheng-Liang, Chih-Yao Lin, and Jui-Yuan Lee. "Retrofit of steam power plants in a petroleum refinery." Applied Thermal Engineering 61, no. 1 (October 2013): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.04.001.

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Abdel Dayem, Adel M., and Abdulmajeed S. Al-Ghamdi. "Transient performance of direct steam generation solar power plants." International Journal of Energy Research 41, no. 7 (December 2, 2016): 1070–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.3693.

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Resha, Mochammad, and Firman Bagja Juangsa. "Improvement of Geothermal Power Plants by Utilizing Hydrogen Steam Superheating: A Review." International Journal of Engineering Business and Social Science 1, no. 06 (August 15, 2023): 693–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.58451/ijebss.v1i06.101.

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The rapid growth of geothermal power plants is due to their great potential and environmentally friendly energy source. In its development, hydrogen is used as energy storage for several intermittent renewable energy sources. Hydrogen Steam Superheating utilizing hydrogen products can pressure steam as additional fuel to operate steam turbines. The electrolysis method with high-temperature water fluid produces more hydrogen content and is more efficient than ambient temperature water; therefore, it is suitable for producing superheating hydrogen steam by electrolysis using geothermal power plants. A combined cycle (flash & binary) geothermal power plant with additional hydrogen steam superheating can increase the power 8 - 9 MW using the mixed working fluid R-31-10 and RC-318 in a binary cycle power plant and improve the thermal efficiency of flash cycles by up to 12.3%. Thus, the application of adding hydrogen steam superheating is a method that can be utilized to increase the power capacity of geothermal power plants, replacing the current conventional method of drilling to open steam production wells.

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Valery, Stennikov, Penkovsky Andrey, and Postnikov Ivan. "Hybrid power source based on heat and wind power plants." MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821202002.

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The technology of use of electric power of the wind power plants for direct replacement of fuel in the thermal cycles of the heat power plants is offered in the paper. The technology avoids solving the problems of ensuring the quality of electricity and the operational redundancy of the wind power in the power systems, as well as permits combining the achievements of traditional (gas turbine and steam and gas technologies, combined-cycle technologies and heating) and non-traditional renewable energy. The energy and environmental effects from the application of the proposed technology are shown, the technological advantages of the proposed schemes are considered, providing them with a wide scope of practical use both in local and in large power systems. The implementation and development of the proposed technology will allow extending and expanding business for manufacturers of steam turbine and gas turbine equipment, including the transition to the hydrogen power. The proposed technologies are protected by the patent.

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Langston, Lee S. "The Elephant in the Room–Gas Turbine Power." Mechanical Engineering 132, no. 12 (December 1, 2010): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2010-dec-8.

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This article presents an overview of gas turbine combined cycle (CCGT) power plants. Modern CCGT power plants are producing electric power as high as half a gigawatt with thermal efficiencies approaching the 60% mark. In a CCGT power plant, the gas turbine is the key player, driving an electrical generator. Heat from the hot gas turbine exhaust is recovered in a heat recovery steam generator, to generate steam, which drives a steam turbine to generate more electrical power. Thus, it is a combined power plant burning one unit of fuel to supply two sources of electrical power. Most of these CCGT plants burn natural gas, which has the lowest carbon content of any other hydrocarbon fuel. Their near 60% thermal efficiencies lower fuel costs by almost half compared to other gas-fired power plants. Their installed capital cost is the lowest in the electric power industry. Moreover, environmental permits, necessary for new plant construction, are much easier to obtain for CCGT power plants.

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Kobernik, V. S. "Fuel consumption of thermal power technologies under maneuvering modes." Problems of General Energy 2020, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2020.04.045.

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A characteristic feature of the present day development of power engineering lies in the increase in the unevenness of power systems schedules. The structure of generating powers of Ukrainian energy engineering is overloaded with basic powers and characterized by a sharp deficit of maneuvering wanes. To cover the uneven load of the power system during the operation of existing and construction of new power plants, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of their operation under maneuvering modes. This paper determines the influence of work of power plants i under maneuvering modes on the specific consumption of conditional fuel on the released electric energy at working on gas or coal fuel. Fuel consumption for starting of a unit depends on its type and downtime in reserve. The use of steam–and–gas facilities and gas turbines helps to enhance the maneuverability of power plants. Alternative options for the development of thermal energy are the introduction of gas–piston power plants and power units with fluidized–bed boilers. We present formulas for the calculations of fuel consumption on by power units for start–ups and specific consumptions depending on the load and degree of their involvement to regulating loads for different thermal energy technologies: steam–turbine condensation and district heating power units; steam–and–gas and gas turbine plants; gas piston installations; power units with fluidized bed boilers. For enhancing the maneuverability of power plants, working on fossil fuels, their modernization and renewal of software are necessary. Quantitative assessment of the efficiency of power units and separate power plants during their operation under variable modes is important for forecasting the structure of generating capacities of power systems, the need to introduce peak and semi–peak capacities, the choice of the most profitable composition of operating equipment at different schedules of electrical loads Keywords: thermal power, power unit, maneuverable mode, electrical load, specific fuel consumption

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Baranovsky, Vladimir, and Maxim Lipatov. "Marine steam-gas semi-closed cycle power plant for peak loads." Energy Safety and Energy Economy 2 (April 2021): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.18635/2071-2219-2021-2-21-25.

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A wide range of efficient gas turbine engines has been developed at UEC NPO Saturn, Russia. Those engines can be successfully used for developing a marine steam-gas semi-closed cycle power plant to compensate peak loads on ships and vessels. This compact steam-gas power plant will demonstrate high efficiency which doesn’t change significantly depending on the load when compared to conventional steam-gas power plants. Also, this solution can possibly change the diesel engine prevalence among marine power plants.

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Mayorov, V. A., and V. F. Shcherbakov. "Power Plants Based on a Steam Drive with a Working Body Closed Circulation." Agricultural Machinery and Technologies 15, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22314/2073-7599-2021-15-1-71-77.

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The authors investigated the heat carriers thermodynamic characteristics and the power plant structural components, which ensured the efficient conversion of thermal energy into mechanical and electrical energy.(Research purpose) To conduct modeling for calculating the structure manufacturing technology and studying the power plant characteristics based on a steam engine with given energy parameters.(Materials and methods) The authors carried out mathematical modeling based on the heat and mass transfer laws. To create a prototype model of a steam engine, the recuperation principle based on the “liquid–vapor–liquid” cycle with the use of low-temperature heat carriers was used.(Results and discussion) The authors showed that double transformation of the aggregation state of the working body was much more efficient than its heating. They calculated the characteristics connecting the energy processes of low-temperature heat carriers vaporization (freon R-134a) in the radiator and engine. They revealed dependencies: the radiator heating time from 30 degrees Celsius (ambient temperature) to 100 degrees (maximum operating temperature) at different powers of the heating source (3; 4; 5 kilowatts); density and average density of steam in the radiator from temperature; the steam engine power and the freon steam consumption from the pressure of 0-3.97 megapascals.(Conclusions) The authors determined that the working steam amount, proportional to its density at a temperature of 90 degrees and a pressure of 3.6 megapascals, was 4.75 times less than the liquid freon amount, proportional to its density, at 100 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 3.97 megapascals, the working steam amount was 2 times less than liquid freon. They revealed a limited range of operating temperatures in a steam engine. It was proved that these calculation methods and characteristics determined the structural and energy parameters of the developed power plants based on a steam engine.

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Li, Zhi, Zhong Min Li, and Zhan Liang Yan. "Energy and Exergy Analysis for Three Type 500MW Steam Power Plants." Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (December 2011): 1131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.1131.

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The paper shows the comparison of energy and exergy analysis of thermal power plants based on advanced steam parameters in China climatic conditions. The research contains coal-based thermal power plants using sub-critical, super-critical, and ultra-supercritical steam conditions. The design configurations of 500 MW unit size were considered. The research contains the effect of condenser pressure on plant and exergy efficiency. The effect of high grade coal on performance parameters as compared to typical China low grade coal was also studied. The major exergy loss took place in coal combustion followed by the steam generator. Due to condenser pressure limitation, the maximum possible overall energy efficiency was found to be about 44.4% with the ultra-supercritical power plant. Installing coal-based thermal power plants based on advanced steam parameters in China will be a prospective option aiding energy self-sufficiency.

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Rahimi-Adli, Keivan, Egidio Leo, Benedikt Beisheim, and Sebastian Engell. "Optimisation of the Operation of an Industrial Power Plant under Steam Demand Uncertainty." Energies 14, no. 21 (November 2, 2021): 7213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14217213.

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The operation of on-site power plants in the chemical industry is typically determined by the steam demand of the production plants. This demand is uncertain due to deviations from the production plan and fluctuations in the operation of the plants. The steam demand uncertainty can result in an inefficient operation of the power plant due to a surplus or deficiency of steam that is needed to balance the steam network. In this contribution, it is proposed to use two-stage stochastic programming on a moving horizon to cope with the uncertainty. In each iteration of the moving horizon scheme, the model parameters are updated according to the new information acquired from the plants and the optimisation is re-executed. Hedging against steam demand uncertainty results in a reduction of the fuel consumption and a more economic generation of electric power, which can result in significant savings in the operating cost of the power plant. Moreover, unplanned load reductions due to lack of steam can be avoided. The application of the new approach is demonstrated for the on-site power plant of INEOS in Köln, and significant savings are reported in exemplary simulations.

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Mengyao, Wang, Wang Bo, Guo Xin, Zhang Jiayi, Chao Zhiyang, Wang Yang, Lu Chuan, Wu Yang, and Tian Ruifeng. "Review on the steam-liquid separation in the steam generator of nuclear power plants." Annals of Nuclear Energy 175 (September 2022): 109207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2022.109207.

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Wang, Meng Jiao, Hong Juan Hou, and Yong Ping Yang. "Theoretical Study of Solar Energy Aided Auxiliary Steam System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 654 (October 2014): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.654.105.

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This paper proposed using solar energy as the auxiliary heat source of coal-fired power plants’ auxiliary steam system based on the current status of the coal-fired power generation and solar energy utilization. Taking a 600MW coal-fired power unit as an example to analysis, it is shown that the thermal performance of the integrated system is improved and the coal consumption rate declines, which radically reduces power plants’ emissions of greenhouse gas and pollutants.

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Jin, H., M. Ishida, M. Kobayashi, and M. Nunokawa. "Exergy Evaluation of Two Current Advanced Power Plants: Supercritical Steam Turbine and Combined Cycle." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 119, no. 4 (December 1, 1997): 250–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2794998.

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Two operating advanced power plants, a supercritical steam plant and a gas-steam turbine combined cycle, have been analyzed using a methodology of graphical exergy analysis (EUDs). The comparison of two plants, which may provide the detailed information on internal phenomena, points out several inefficient segments in the combined cycle plant: higher exergy loss caused by mixing in the combustor, higher exergy waste from the heat recovery steam generator, and higher exergy loss by inefficiency in the power section, especially in the steam turbine. On the basis of these fundamental features of each plant, we recommend several schemes for improving the thermal efficiency of current advanced power plants.

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Delayat, Mădălina Barbu, Maria Lazăr, Sabin Irimie, and Sabina Irimie. "Eco-Energetic Efficiency – Comparative Analysis of Steam Power Plants Versus Micro Hydropower Plants." Mining Revue 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/minrv-2022-0024.

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Abstract Global warming and climate changes, as well as the contribution of fossil fuel to the accentuation of these phenomena are realities almost unanimously accepted. Therefore, the reduction of the coal ratio in the energy mix and its replacement with forms of energy without emissions is being discussed more and more frequently. Nevertheless, it is important that the impact generated in the environment by the alternative energy sources related to energy production does not exceed the shortcomings created by the steam power plants, as it seems to be the case of micro hydropower plants (MHC) located on the superior flow of mountain rivers. As it is difficult to compare the impact on the environment generated by two completely different energy sources, two indictors were defined and used in this sense that consider their ecological, economic and social performance. As a result of the evaluation of the impact and of the comparison criteria, the two indicators were used in the two chosen case studies, resulting that a steam power plant that operates in cogeneration has a superior eco-energy efficiency to a micro hydropower plant. Thus, following the carried-out studies, we believe that MHC can be recommended only under special circumstances such as providing electric power to areas difficult to reach without them injecting the produced energy into the National Energy System (SEN).

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Alus, Muammer, and Milan Petrovic. "Optimization of the triple-pressure combined cycle power plant." Thermal Science 16, no. 3 (2012): 901–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120517137a.

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The aim of this work was to develop a new system for optimization of parameters for combined cycle power plants (CCGTs) with triple-pressure heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). Thermodynamic and thermoeconomic optimizations were carried out. The objective of the thermodynamic optimization is to enhance the efficiency of the CCGTs and to maximize the power production in the steam cycle (steam turbine gross power). Improvement of the efficiency of the CCGT plants is achieved through optimization of the operating parameters: temperature difference between the gas and steam (pinch point P.P.) and the steam pressure in the HRSG. The objective of the thermoeconomic optimization is to minimize the production costs per unit of the generated electricity. Defining the optimal P.P. was the first step in the optimization procedure. Then, through the developed optimization process, other optimal operating parameters (steam pressure and condenser pressure) were identified. The developed system was demonstrated for the case of a 282 MW CCGT power plant with a typical design for commercial combined cycle power plants. The optimized combined cycle was compared with the regular CCGT plant.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Steam power plants'

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