Dissertations / Theses: 'Stearin'

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Yusoff, Mohd Suria Affandi. "Separation of olein - stearin from palm oil by crystallization and separation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390292.

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Ming, Chiu Chih. "Síntese de lipídios estruturados por interesterificação de gordura de frango e triacilgliceróis de cadeia média." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9133/tde-17072006-181750/.

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Os lipídios estruturados (LEs) constituem uma classe lipídica caracterizada pela presença de triacilgliceróis (TAGs) projetados de modo a apresentarem em sua estrutura química ácidos graxos (AGs) com características desejáveis. Na atualidade, estes compostos representam um desafio tecnológico e uma nova fronteira no desenvolvimento de produtos nutricionalmente superiores. Estes TAGs reestruturados são sintetizados através da mistura de óleos e gorduras e de posterior interesterificação química ou enzimática. O rearranjo de AGs nestas moléculas resulta em produtos com características físicas, químicas e nutricionais diferentes das dos lipídios originais. Devido à capacidade potencial para a redução do risco de doenças, também podem ser considerados alimentos funcionais por apresentarem vantagens clínicas que se encontram associadas aos seus AGs e à estrutura peculiar de sua molécula lipídica formada pela interesterificação. A incorporação de ácidos graxos de cadeia média (AGCM) aos TAGs, como o caprílico e cáprico, e de ácidos graxos monoinsaturados (AGMI) como o oléico (w-9), tem sido considerada de grande importância na elaboração de alimentos funcionais de origem lipídica, uma vez que proporcionam rápida fonte de energia e reduzem o risco de enfermidades cardiovasculares. Os objetivos do projeto foram analisar as interações produzidas em misturas binárias e ternárias de triacilgliceróis de cadeia média e longa pela análise das propriedades físicas e químicas das misturas e realizar a modificação das misturas por interesterificação química, visando a obtenção de LEs, com posterior análise química e física de suas propriedades. Foram utilizadas gordura abdominal de frango, sua estearina e triacilgliceróis de cadeia média. Foi empregado um planejamento de dez experimentos. Para as respostas analíticas foi aplicado um modelo de regressão múltipla, do tipo cúbico especial. Os resultados foram representados em diagramas triangulares. Os LEs obtidos apresentaram 14,8 a 58,4% de AGCM, 15,7 a 37,2% de ácidos graxos saturados, 19,2 a 47,5% de AGMI e 6,7 a 15,2% de ácidos graxos essenciais. A estearina de frango teve influência sobre as propriedades de pontos de amolecimento e fusão, consistência e conteúdo de gordura sólida. Após a reação houve formação de grupos de TAGs não existentes nas amostras originais. A técnica de DSC possibilitou distinguir entre misturas de gorduras e LEs, além de permitir a visualização de modificações nas misturas decorrentes da interesterificação. A composição triacilglicerídica foi fundamental para compreender o comportamento das misturas interesterificadas, mesmo diante da dificuldade na identificação dos TAGs individuais.
Structured triacylglycerols are generally any fats that are modified or restructured from natural oils and fats, or fatty acids therefrom, having special functionality or nutritional properties for edible or pharmaceutical purposes. These restructured triacylglycerols are synthesized by blending and chemical or enzymatic interesterification reaction of oils and fats. The fatty acids rearrangement in these molecules results in products with physical, chemical and nutritional characteristics that are different from the original lipids. These compounds can be considered functional foods when they are able to reduce the risk of diseases. Their clinical advantages are associated with the peculiar structure of the lipid molecule formed by interesterification. The incorporation of medium chain and monounsaturated, is considered of great importance in the lipidic functional foods formulation. These kinds of lipids are a quick energy source and could prevent cardiovascular diseases. The purposes of this study were to analyze the interactions that occur in binary and ternary fat blends between medium and long chain triacylglycerols and their structured triacylglycerols obtained by chemical interesterification through the analysis of their physico-chemical properties. The raw material utilized in this research was abdominal chicken fat, its stearin and medium chain triacylglycerols. The experimental design presented 10 samples corresponding to 10 different blend proportions. A mathematical model of multiple regression of the special cubic type was used to obtain the analytical responses. The results were represented in triangular diagrams. The synthesized structured triacylglycerols presented from 14.8 to 58.4% of medium chain fatty acids, from 15.7 to 37.2% of saturated fatty acids, from 19.2 to 47.5% of monounsaturated fatty acids, and from 6.7 to 15.2% of essential fatty acids. The addition of stearin influenced the softening and melting points, consistency, and solid fat content of chicken fat. After interesterification new types of triacylglycerols groups were formed. The DSC method allowed distinguishing natural fat mixtures from structured triacylglycerols. The triacylglycerols composition had a great importance in understanding the interesterified blends behavior, even with the difficulty in the individuals triacylglycerols identification.

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Chiu, Chih Ming. "Caracterização, fracionamento e aproveitamento da gordura abdominal de frango." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9133/tde-16042002-160222/.

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A gordura abdominal de frango é um subproduto ou resíduo avícola que apresenta grande potencial de utilização na indústria de alimentos, uma vez que possui rica composição lipídica, elevado teor energético, baixo custo e propriedades físico-químicas desejáveis. Nesta pesquisa, a gordura abdominal de frango, obtida no comércio local, foi submetida à fusão e à filtração. A seguir, sofreu fracionamento a seco e mistura com gordura de toucinho. O processo de fracionamento foi realizado a duas temperaturas: 17,5ºC e 20ºC. As análises realizadas na gordura original e nas frações obtidas (oleína e estearina) foram ponto de fusão, consistência, conteúdo de gordura sólida, composição em ácidos graxos e índices de iodo e de saponificação. De acordo com os resultados observou-se que a gordura de frango apresentou 67,2% de ácidos graxos insaturados. A gordura de frango à temperatura de 10ºC apresentou-se plástica e espalhável. Foi obtida relação linear entre a consistência e o conteúdo de gordura sólida. O alto rendimento das oleínas (>84%) sugere a possibilidade de aplicação destas frações como óleo para frituras. As estearinas podem ser utilizadas como componentes na fabricação de gorduras, para aplicação em pastelaria, margarinas para massa folhada e caldos desidratados. Foram realizadas misturas binárias entre as estearinas e a gordura de toucinho e entre a gordura de frango e a gordura de toucinho. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à composição em ácidos graxos, consistência às temperaturas de 10 a 25ºC e quanto ao conteúdo de gordura sólida às temperaturas de 10 a 35ºC. Utilizou-se o analisador de textura TA-XT2 (Stable Micro Systems) e o espectrômetro de ressonância magnética nuclear Maran Ultra Benchtop de 20 MHz para as análises de consistência e de conteúdo de gordura sólida, respectivamente. Foi aplicado um modelo de regressão múltipla do tipo quadrático. Os resultados para a consistência demonstraram que ocorreu o efeito eutético entre as estearinas obtidas no fracionamento da gordura de frango e a gordura de toucinho. Por outro lado, nas misturas entre gordura de frango e gordura de toucinho ocorreu a formação de compostos. Os resultados para o conteúdo de gordura sólida demonstraram que ocorreram os efeitos eutético e de formação de compostos entre as misturas. Nas misturas binárias de gordura abdominal de frango com gordura de toucinho foram determinadas as propriedades de tensão, firmeza e energia de penetração às temperaturas de 10, 15 e 20ºC. Foram verificadas as interações entre estas gorduras. O aumento da temperatura de análise causou diminuição dos valores de firmeza e de energia necessária para a penetração, em função da redução do conteúdo de gordura sólida e alterações na rede cristalina. Por aplicação de um modelo de regressão múltipla do tipo quadrático, verificou-se que, nas misturas entre gordura de frango e gordura de toucinho, ocorreu o efeito sinérgico da formação de compostos. Análises da distribuição estereoespecífica dos ácidos graxos foram realizadas na gordura abdominal de frango e suas frações, e na gordura de toucinho. As amostras foram submetidas à hidrólise com lipase pancreática suína a temperatura de 40°C e posteriormente analisadas quanto à composição em ácidos graxos na posição sn-2 por cromatografia gasosa. A partir dos resultados obtidos foram calculados os grupos de triacilgliceróis nas amostras naturais e em suas frações, utilizando a teoria 1,3-random 2-random. Os resultados demonstraram que houve preferência do ácido oléico pela posição sn-2 para a gordura de frango e suas oleínas. Para a gordura de toucinho, o ácido palmítico mostrou alta preferência pela posição sn-2. Para as estearinas da gordura de frango, também houve preferência do ácido palmítico pela posição central do glicerol.
Abdominal chicken fat from the local commerce was melted, filtered, dry fractionated, and blended with bacon fat. Fractionation process was made at 17,5ºC and 20C. Physical and chemical properties such as melting point, consistency, solid fat content, fatty acid composition, iodine and saponification values of the products from the abdominal chicken fat fractionation were determined. Results showed that chicken fat has 67.2% of unsaturated fatty acids. Chicken fat at 10ºC was plastic and spreadable. A linear relationship between consistency and solid fat content was obtained. High oleins yield (>84%) suggest that these fractions can be used as frying oils. Stearins can be applied as components in the fat manufacturing, in pastry, in puff-pastry margarines and dehidrated soup cubes. Binary mixtures between stearins and bacon fat, and chicken fat with bacon fat were made. The samples were analyzed for the fatty acid composition, consistency at the temperatures of 10 to 25C, and solid fat content at 10 to 35ºC. The texture analyzer TA-XT2 (Stable Micro Systems) and the magnetic nuclear resonance espectrometer Maran Ultra Benchtop with 20 MHz were utilized, respectively. A mathematical model of multiple regression of the quadratic type was applied. The consistency results showed that the eutectic effect was observed between the binary mixtures of stearins and bacon fat. On the other hand, mixtures between abdominal chicken fat and bacon fat showed compound formation. The solid fat content results showed that the eutectic effect and compound formation were observed. The properties of stress, firmness, and penetration energy of binary mixtures of abdominal chicken fat and bacon fat, at 10, 15 and 20ºC. The increase of the analysis temperature leads reduction on the values of firmness and penetration energy, as a function of the reduction of solid fat content and the alteration on the crystal network. The results of mixtures between abdominal chicken fat and bacon fat showed a synergic effect of compounds formation. Stereospecific distribution analysis in chicken fat and its fractions, and in bacon fat were realized. The samples were hydrolyzed with swine pancreatic lipase at 40°C and then analyzed for the fatty acid composition by gas chromatography. From the experimental results, the groups of triacylglycerols in the natural samples and its fractions were calculated. The 1,3-random 2-random theory was utilized. The results showed that oleic acid was mainly esterified to the sn-2 position for abdominal chicken fat and oleins whereas palmitic acid was mainly distributed at this same position for bacon fat. In the case of chicken fat stearins the preference by sn-2 position was also to palmitic acid.

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Castillo, Caceres Miluska. "Obtenção de gorduras low trans por interesterificação quimica." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/254687.

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Orientador: Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo Gonçalves
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T11:18:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CastilloCaceres_Miluska_D.pdf: 4551076 bytes, checksum: 6ee1a84c4711f4c33fe2827986175ce6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Resumo: As gorduras trans, principalmente presentes nos alimentos industrializados como biscoitos, gorduras para fritura, margarinas, entre outros, são resultados da hidrogenação parcial, processo utilizado pela indústria há mais de 100 anos
Abstract: Trans fats, most contained within food industrialized and biscuits, fats for frying, margarine and others, are the result of partial hydrogenation, a process used by the industry for more than 100 years
Doutorado
Doutor em Tecnologia de Alimentos

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Junior, Sylvio Jorge Hares. "Funcionalidade de gorduras na formulação de creme de amendoim." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9135/tde-15012014-142452/.

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O creme de amendoim é um produto popular no Brasil pelo seu excelente sabor e características nutricionais. No entanto, apesar de seu consumo consagrado e de seguir padrões rigidamente estabelecidos de processos e qualidade, pode ocorrer alteração na consistência e diminuição de características de espalhamento, diminuindo a qualidade sensorial. Como forma de procurar controlar estes problemas, são normalmente usados ingredientes gordurosos como promotores de melhoria de estabilidade e consistência, como óleo de palma, estearina de palma, oleína de palma, óleos hidrogenados, monoacilgliceróis e diacilgliceróis. O projeto teve como objetivo a formulação de cremes de amendoim com óleo de amendoim, óleo de palma e estearina de palma em várias proporções, visando a obtenção de produtos mais estáveis e consistentes, que sejam equivalentes aos produtos comerciais de largo consumo por consumidores no mercado nacional. Foram realizadas as seguintes análises nas gorduras e suas misturas: composição em ácidos graxos e triacilgliceróis, índices de iodo e de peróxido, acidez, consistência, conteúdo de gordura sólida e análise térmica de cristalização e fusão. Os ácidos graxos saturados foram predominantes na estearina e óleo de palma, principalmente o ácido palmítico, enquanto o óleo de amendoim tem como principal constituinte o ácido oleico. À medida que aumenta a proporção de óleo de amendoim nas misturas, aumentam a quantidade de ácidos graxos insaturados e o índice de iodo e diminui a quantidade de ácidos graxos saturados. Os pontos de fusão , entalpia total de fusão, consistência e conteúdo de gordura sólida aumentaram nas misturas que apresentavam maior proporção de estearina e óleo de palma, em função do aumento no teor de triacilgliceróis trissaturados. Para a consistência (mistura de gorduras e cremes formulados), o conteúdo de gordura sólida, a entalpia total de cristalização e fusão e o ponto de fusão das misturas de gorduras foi aplicado um modelo de regressão múltipla, procurando evidenciar a influência das gorduras nas propriedades do produto final. As interações entre as gorduras foram do tipo eutético, caracterizando incompatibilidade no estado sólido. O modelo de regressão múltipla foi considerado preditivo para a consistência dos cremes, o conteúdo de gordura sólida e para as os resultados da análise térmica. Os resultados mostraram que as misturas de maior potencial para a consistência ideal de cremes espalháveis (200-800 gf/cm2) na faixa da temperatura de uso, ou seja, desde temperatura de conservação em geladeira até temperatura de mesa (15 - 25°C), foram as seguintes: 50% de óleo de palma e 50% de estearina de palma; 66,6% de óleo de palma, 16,7% de óleo de amendoim e 16,7% de estearina de palma; 16,7% de óleo de palma, 16,7% de óleo de amendoim e 66,6% de estearina de palma. Portanto, estas amostras apresentavam larga faixa de presença de óleo de palma e/ou estearina de palma na formulação. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a simples mistura é uma forma eficaz para modificar as propriedades físicas e químicas de estearina de palma, óleo de amendoim e óleo de palma. As misturas permitiram a obtenção de gorduras com vários graus de consistência ,de conteúdo de gordura sólida e ponto de fusão, possibilitando a obtenção de cremes de amendoim formulados a partir delas, que eram mais estáveis e firmes, porém plásticos e consistentes o suficiente para garantir efetiva espalhabilidade e correspondência ao padrão observado nas melhores marcas de cremes de amendoim do mercado.
The peanut cream is a popular product in Brazil for its excellent flavor and nutritional characteristics. However, despite its huge consumption and to follow strict patterns of quality and processes, some alterations may occur in consistency that can reduce spread characteristics, lowering the sensorial quality. As a way to try to control these problems, fatty ingredients are typically used as promoters to improve stability and consistency, as palm oil, palm stearin, palm olein, hydrogenated oils, monoacylglycerols and diacylglycerols. The project aimed to formulate creams with peanut oil, palm oil and palm stearin in various proportions in order to obtain a more stable and consistent product, equivalent to the best commercial creams widely consumed in the brazilian market. The following analyzes were performed on fats and their blends: fatty acids and triacylglycerols composition, iodine and peroxide values, acidity, consistency, solid fat content and thermal analysis of melting and crystallization. Saturated fatty acids have been prevalent in palm stearin and palm oil, particularly palmitic acid, while peanut oil has at its main constituent the oleic acid. As peanut oil increases in the blends, increases the amount of unsaturated fatty acids and the iodine value and reduces the amount of saturated fatty acids. Fat blends with a high proportion of saturated fatty acids (palm stearin and palm oil), showed higher melting points, total enthalpy of melting, consistency and solid fat content, due to the increase of the content of trisatured triacylglycerols. For the consistency (fats blends and formulated creams), solid fat content, total enthalpy of melting and crystallization and melting point of the fat blends, a multiple regression model was applied in order to show how fats influence the properties of the final product. Interactions between fats were eutectic, showing incompatibility in the solid state. The multiple regression model was considered predictive for the consistency of the cream, solid fat content and results of the thermal analysis. The results showed that the mixtures of higher potential for optimal consistency of spreadable cream (200 to 800 gf/cm2) in temperature range from the storage at a refrigerator temperature up to the ambient temperature (10 - 25 °C) were: 50% palm oil and 50% palm stearin, 66.6% palm oil, 16.7% peanut oil and 16.7% palm stearin; 16.7 % palm oil, 16.7% peanut oil and 66.6% palm stearin. Therefore, these samples had a broad range presence of palm oil and / or palm stearin in the formulation. The results obtained showed that a simple mixture is an effective way to modify physical and chemical properties of palm stearin, peanut oil and palm oil. The mixtures enabled to obtain fats with various degrees of consistency, solid fat content and melting point parameters, making it possible to obtain peanut creams made from them which were more stable and firm but plastic and consistent enough to ensure effective spreadability and correspondence to the pattern observed in the best brands of peanut creams of the brazillian market.

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Ginige, Ravin. "Switching phenomena in stearic acid MIM structures and conduction phenomena in stearic acid thin films on metal and semiconductor substrates." Thesis, Brunel University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.277418.

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Soares, Fabiana Andreia Schafer de Martini. "Efeito da interesterificação química sobre as propriedades físico-químicas de misturas de estearina e oleína de palma." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9133/tde-10032010-100042/.

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O desafio das indústrias de alimentos na substituição da gordura trans em diversos produtos reside no desenvolvimento de formulações e processos que apresentem funcionalidade equivalente e viabilidade econômica. A interesterificação química representa uma opção tecnológica importante para a produção de gorduras visando diversas aplicações comerciais, sem a formação de ácidos graxos trans. O óleo de palma contém quantidades aproximadamente iguais de ácidos graxos saturados e insaturados e pelo seu fracionamento obtêm-se duas frações: a estearina (fração sólida) e a oleína (fração líquida). A estearina e oleína de palma são opções interessantes para a produção de grande variedade de produtos como margarinas e shortenings. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi modificar as propriedades físico-químicas de misturas de estearina e oleína de palma pelo uso da interesterificação química. As amostras foram analisadas quanto à composição em ácidos graxos e triacilgliceróis, distribuição regioespecífica dos ácidos graxos nos triacilgliceróis, índice de iodo, pontos de amolecimento e de fusão, conteúdo de gordura sólida, consistência e estrutura cristalina. Os ácidos graxos saturados são predominantes na estearina (71,9%), sendo que 65,5% correspondem ao ácido palmítico. A oleína tem como principal constituinte o ácido oléico, que representa 45,4%. À medida que aumenta a proporção de oleína de palma nas misturas, aumentam a quantidade de ácidos graxos insaturados e o índice de iodo e diminui a quantidade de ácidos graxos saturados. Após a interesterificação química, os pontos de fusão e amolecimento, a consistência e o conteúdo de gordura sólida aumentaram nas misturas que apresentavam maior proporção de oleína em função do aumento no teor de triacilgliceróis trissaturados. Por outro lado, estas propriedades não se modificaram nas misturas com maior proporção de estearina. Este comportamento se deve à distribuição aleatória dos ácidos graxos nos triacilgliceróis após a interesterificação, que forma triacilgliceróis em proporções diferentes das existentes originalmente. Os principais triacilgliceróis nas misturas foram PPP, PPO e POO. Antes da interesterificação os ácidos graxos saturados foram encontrados principalmente nas posições sn-1,3. Mudanças significativas na composição dos ácidos graxos na posição sn-2 após a interesterificação química foram encontradas em misturas com mais de 60% de oleína de palma. A mistura e a interesterificação permitiram obter gorduras com diferentes graus de plasticidade, aumentando as possibilidades de uso das frações estearina e oleína de palma.
The challenge of the food industries for the replacement of trans fat in various products lies in the development of formulations and processes which have equivalent functionality and economic viability. The chemical interesterification of palm stearin and palm olein is an important technological option for the production of fats targeting commercial applications, without formation of trans fatty acids Palm oil contains similar amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. After fractionation two fractions are obtained: stearin (solid fraction) and olein (liquid fraction). Palm stearin and palm olein are alternatives for the production of many products, such as margarines and shortenings. The objective of this work was to modify the physical and chemical properties of mixtures of palm stearin and palm olein by using chemical interesterification. The following properties were analyzed: fatty acid and triacylglycerol compositions, regiospecific distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols, iodine value, softening and melting points, solid fat content, consistency and crystal microstructure. Saturated fatty acids are predominant in palm stearin (71.9%), which corresponds to 65.5% of palmitic acid. Palm olein has as its main constituent the oleic acid, which represents 45.4% of the unsaturated fatty acids. The increase of the proportion of palm olein in the mixture causes increase on the amount of unsaturated fatty acids and iodine value and decrease on the content of saturated fatty acids. After chemical interesterification, melting and softening points, consistency and solid fat content increased in the blends that had higher proportion of palm olein, as a consequence of the increase in the trisaturated triacylglycerols. On the other hand, these properties did not alter in the blends with higher proportion of palm stearin. This behavior is due to the random distribution of fatty acids in triacylglycerols after interesterification, which forms triacylglycerols in proportions that are different from those originally present. The major triacylglycerols in the blends were PPP, PPO and POO. Before interesterification the saturated fatty acids were found mainly in the sn-1,3 positions. Significant changes in the fatty acid composition in the sn-2 position after chemical interesterification were found in blends with more than 60 % of palm olein. Blending and interesterification of fats resulted in structured lipids with different degrees of plasticity, increasing the possibilities of use of stearin and olein fractions.

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Daniel, ZoeÌˆ C. T. R. "Stearoyl co-enzyme A desaturase gene expression and fatty acid composition of sheep tissues." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250529.

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Matthews, Elise. ""Stealing Dreams" and Other Stories." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700046/.

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The critical preface, "Learning to Break the Rules" discusses workshop rules as guidelines, as well as how and why I learned to break them. The creative portion of this thesis is made up of eight short stories: "The Many Incarnations of Blazer Chief," "Anna's Monsters," "The Pecan Tree's Daughter," "When the Seas Emptied," "The Umbrella Thief," "How to Forget," "Fracture," and "Stealing Dreams."

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Rosaye, Jean-Paul. "Thomas Stearns Eliot, poète-philosophe." Lille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL30017.

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L'aventure intellectuelle de T. S. Eliot offre une perspective double dans l'histoire des idees au vingtième siècle. Elle révèle une réaction parmi tant d'autres sur fond de ce qu'il est convenu d'appeler "la crise des valeurs", et elle fait remonter à la surface un développement type de la pensée occidentale, que nous avons désigné sous le terme de poète-philosophe. Cette thèse est une étude de typologie génétique dont le but est d'expliquer à la fois la vie et l'oeuvre de T. S. Eliot et les raisons et le sens de la convergence de la poésie et de la philosophie à l'époque moderne
T. S. Eliot's intellectual quest shows two major tendencies of western thought in the twentieth century. It articulates a reaction to the so-called "crisis of values" and reveals a development of western thought, incarnated in a type which has been termed the poet-philosopher. This dissertation is a study in typology aiming at an understanding of T. S. Eliot's life and works, and also exploring the reasons and the meaning of the modern convergence of poetry and philosophy

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Khorsandi, Aghai Majid. "Verification of Work-stealing Deque Implementation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-170127.

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Software verification is the process of checking a software system to make sure it meets its specifications. A software system can be either of sequential or concurrent type. The most important part in a sequential system from the verification point of view is the relationship between the system’s inputs and outputs. More formally, verification of a sequential system can be expressed in the following form: If a program starts in a specific state which satisfies a certain condition(precondition), then it eventually terminates and the program variables at the final state satisfy some given relation with the corresponding values at the beginning of the execution [20]. But the story in verification of concurrent software is different. Many concurrent software use parallelism in order to make calculations more efficient. Parallelism is used to distribute a large amount of computations between different processing units to finish them in a shorter time. Input and output values are still enough for specifying the behavior of these sequential processes but are absolutely not enough for specifying the behaviors of the concurrent system. This is mainly because of the interactions between processes which can not only be expressed with the help of inputs and outputs. One important aspect in verification of concurrent programs is to directly verify them against an abstract specification of overall functionality. For example, a concurrent implementation of a familiar data type abstraction, such as a queue, could be verified to conform to a simple abstract specification of such a data type. This has been accomplished for finite-state programs and some verification tools like SPIN [3, 13] are already supporting it, but to our knowledge there are no approaches for handling unbounded data domains in specifications and implementations as is the case for a work-stealing double ended queue(deque) implementation. In this project we present a technique for automatically verifying that a concurrent workstealing deque conforms to an abstract specification of its functionality and we mathematically prove our technique's correctness. We also demonstrate its use by applying it to a famous implementation of a work-stealing deque data structure presented by Arora, et al. [2]

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Petiraksakul, Pinsupha. "Effect of stearate/stearic acid coating on filled high density polyethylene properties." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11166.

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High density polyethylene (HDPE) is a widely used plastic but it is also a combustible material. One way of reducing flammability is to add fillers, such as magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). However, this has a deleterious effect on the mechanical properties of composites. It has been found that one possible method of restoring mechanical properties is to modifY the filler particles with coating agents, such as stearic acid. In the present work, this idea was taken a stage further with the use of various metal stearates (e.g. magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, and zinc stearate) for modifying filler. The fillers examined were magnesium hydroxide and calcium carbonate. A filler loading of 40% w/w was used in all samples. Samples were moulded into a variety of shapes for mechanical testing. Such tests included, tensile, flexural, and impact testing. To obtain deeper understanding of the effect of the coating agents on the fillers, a variety of fundamental tests were carried out. These included Diffuse Reflectance FTIR (DRIFT), Thermal Analysis using a DSC cell, Xray Diffraction (XRD), contact angle measurement. Unfilled HDPE, uncoated filled-HDPE, and coated filled-HDPE were compared using uncoated filled-HDPE as a base line. Uncoated filled-HDPE is more brittle than unfilled HPDE. Surface modification of filler improves the toughness properties. Comparing coated filled-compounds, stearic acid and zinc stearate caused a small improvement, magnesium stearate improved the properties significantly with calcium carbonate while calcium stearate gave the best results for coating magnesium hydroxide. One monolayer coating gave the best compound properties compared to other degrees of coating. Although, tensile/flexural strength was not greatly affected elongation at yield, extension at maximum load, and impact properties increased significantly. DSC was used to observe the disappearance and conversion of coating agents as coating proceeded. X-ray diffraction showed the effect of injection moulding on the orientation of the filler and polymer. During coating of the filler particles, XRD and DSC were used to follow incorporation of stearate particles to produce the monolayer coverage. Surface free energy results showed that surface modification of filler resulted in the reduction of hydrophilicity of filler leading to tougher composites compared with uncoated filled-compounds.

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Qi, Sheng. "Assessment of the structure and behaviour of stearic acid taste masking systems." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411833.

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Briggs, Samantha. "The microstructure of aqueous systems containing mixed homologue stearic acid and alkali." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320084.

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Andersson, Albin. "A novel chitosan-stearic coating with bee-pollen microcapsules for corrosion protection." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-277886.

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In this project a novel chitosan-stearic acid (CS-SA) coating with bee-pollen microcapsules for encapsulation of 2-mecraptobenzothiazole (MBT) as a waterborne formulation for a biocompatible corrosion protection coating was developed and the coating properties was analyzed. Hydrophobic stearic acid (SA) was crosslinked with via a carbodiimide reaction to form micelles and is assembled on the bee- pollen grains and the chitosan matrix was further self-crosslinked using glutaraldehyde (GA). Stearic acid was used to hydrophobically interact with modified pollen and with further crosslinking with the chitosan, which was proven successful by FTIR results. The encapsulation of anticorrosive agent MBT into pollen was successful and examined by UV-Vis spectroscopy, however, the pollen cannot form a fully stable formulation with the chitosan micelle matrix, partially due to its relatively big size (ca. 20 μm), causing problems with forming a proper barrier protection. The size of the grains and the interference of the carbodiimide crosslinking is the most severe problems with the pollen microcapsules. Therefore, no further testing of the corrosive properties could be done, which requires a dense and stable coating to sustain in salty water for the whole measurement period. As the reference coatings without pollen provided much more promising results, especially when crosslinked with GA, the conclusion is that the reactivity of the pollen is proven difficult to crosslink, and choosing a proper size of a microcontainer and the appropriate encapsulation method in the binder matrix is vital and important for developing a corrosion protective coating.
Detta projekt bygger på framställningen och analysen av en tidigare outforskad chitosan-stearinsyra (CS-SA) färg med bi pollen som mikrokapslar för inkapsling av 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) som en vattenlöslig och biokompatibel anti-korrosions färg. CS-SA var tillverkat med en carbodiimide reaktion för att bilda miceller som ska omslutna pollenkornen, och även ett försök med vidare tvärbindning mellan chitosanen med glutaraldehyde (GA) gjordes. Stearinsyra fick interagera hydrofobiskt med den modifierade pollen och tvärbindes sedan med chitosan, som visade sig vara lyckad med hjälp av FTIR analys. Enkapsuleringen av MBT visade sig med UV-Vis spektroskopi vara lyckad, dock på grund av pollens stora korn (ca 20 μm) orsakade problem med att bilda en stabil barriär mot omgivningen. Storleken av pollen och dess reaktivitet med carbodiimide tvärbindningen är de mest allvarliga problemen med pollen som mikrokapslar, och därav gjordes inga vidare tester av korrosions egenskaperna då detta kräver en täckande och stabil film genom hela mätningen. Då även referensfärgen som gjordes utan pollen gav avsevärt mycket bättre resultat i det avseendet är slutsatsen att reaktiviteten av pollen gör det problematiskt att tvärbinda med chitosan och valet av en kapsel av rätt storlek och hur den inkapslar är avgörande för att utveckla en bra korrosionsskyddande färg.

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Sheen, Mercedes Kier. "Stealing the past: Disputed memories in twins." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4585.

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This thesis investigated a new false memory phenomenon: disputed memories, in which two people dispute ownership of a memory. For example, in one case two twins recalled being sent home from school for wearing too short a skirt although only one of them was actually sent home. The first study compared twins' ratings of disputed and non-disputed memories and found that disputed memories were rated significantly higher on a number of phenomenological properties thought to be central to recollection. Study 2 used the cue-word technique in an attempt to elicit disputed memories in a naturalistic way. Twenty sets of twins disputed a total of thirty-six events, twenty-one of which were only discovered to be in dispute during the study. In the third study non-twins were asked whether they had every experienced a disputed memory. The results suggest that they do but at a lower frequency than twins, with six of the sixty-nine participants reporting one disputed memory. Study 4 asked parents to provide brief descriptions of events from the lives of their twins to examine whether the participants would claim their co-twin's events as their own. The results suggest that they sometimes do, with two disputed memories reported from six sets of twins, but the method was somewhat unreliable as parents attributed some events to the incorrect twin. In Study 5 six sets of twins who took part in Study 1 were asked to re-rate their disputed and non-disputed memories after a two-year delay. The results suggested that disputed memories may have some quality that renders them less susceptible to decay over time as ratings for disputed memories on all of the scales remained relatively stable whilst ratings for non-disputed memories were significantly lower on re-test. Overall, results from the five studies suggest that disputed memories represent a new kind of confabulation that is relatively common amongst twins. A number of existing theories of autobiographical memory, such as source monitoring, unconscious plagiarism and imagination inflation, offer some insight as to what factors may be involved in their creation.

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Suksompong, Warut. "Bounds on multithreaded computations by work stealing." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91874.

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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 61-62).
Blumofe and Leiserson [6] gave the first provably good work-stealing work scheduler for multithreaded computations with dependencies. Their scheduler executes a fully strict (i.e., wellstructured) computation on P processors in expected time [mathematical formula], where T denotes the minimum serial execution time of the multithreaded computation, and T. denotes the minimum execution time with an infinite number of processors. This thesis extends the existing literature in two directions. Firstly, we analyze the number of successful steals in multithreaded computations. The existing literature has dealt with the number of steal attempts without distinguishing between successful and unsuccessful steals. While that approach leads to a fruitful probabilistic analysis, it does not yield an interesting result for a worst-case analysis. We obtain tight upper bounds on the number of successful steals when the computation can be modeled by a computation tree. In particular, if the computation starts with a complete k-ary tree of height h, the maximum number of successful steals is [mathematical formula]. Secondly, we investigate a variant of the work-stealing algorithm that we call the localized work-stealing algorithm. The intuition behind this variant is that because of locality, processors can benefit from working on their own work. Consequently, when a processor is free, it makes a steal attempt to get back its own work. We call this type of steal a steal-back. We show that under the "even distribution of free agents assumption", the expected running time of the algorithm is [mathematical formula]. In addition, we obtain another running-time bound based on ratios between the sizes of serial tasks in the computation. If M denotes the maximum ratio between the largest and the smallest serial tasks of a processor after removing a total of O(P) serial tasks across all processors from consideration, then the expected running time of the algorithm is [mathematical formula].
by Warut Suksompong.
M. Eng.

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Robertson, Calum Stewart. "Parallel data mining on cycle stealing networks." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15970/1/Calum_Robertson_Thesis.pdf.

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In a world where electronic databases are used to store ever-increasing quantities of data it is becoming harder to mine useful information from them. Therefore there is a need for a highly scalable parallel architecture capable of handling the ever-increasing complexity of data mining problems. A cycle stealing network is one possible scalable solution to this problem. A cycle stealing network allows users to donate their idle cycles to form a virtual supercomputer by connecting multiple machines via a network. This research aims to establish whether cycle stealing networks, specifically the G2 system developed at the Queensland University of Technology, are viable for large scale data mining problems. The computationally intensive sequence mining, feature selection and functional dependency mining problems are deliberately chosen to test the usefulness and scalability of G2. Tests have shown that G2 is highly scalable where the ratio of computation to communication is approximately known. However for combinatorial problems where computation times are difficult or impossible to predict, and communication costs can be unpredictable, G2 often provides little or no speedup. This research demonstrates that existing sequence mining and functional dependency mining techniques are not suited to a client-server style cycle stealing network like G2. However the feature selection is well suited to G2, and a new sequence mining algorithm offers comparable performance to other existing, non-cycle stealing, parallel sequence mining algorithms. Furthermore new functional dependency mining algorithms offer substantial benefit over existing serial algorithms.

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Robertson, Calum Stewart. "Parallel Data Mining On Cycle Stealing Networks." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15970/.

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In a world where electronic databases are used to store ever-increasing quantities of data it is becoming harder to mine useful information from them. Therefore there is a need for a highly scalable parallel architecture capable of handling the ever-increasing complexity of data mining problems. A cycle stealing network is one possible scalable solution to this problem. A cycle stealing network allows users to donate their idle cycles to form a virtual supercomputer by connecting multiple machines via a network. This research aims to establish whether cycle stealing networks, specifically the G2 system developed at the Queensland University of Technology, are viable for large scale data mining problems. The computationally intensive sequence mining, feature selection and functional dependency mining problems are deliberately chosen to test the usefulness and scalability of G2. Tests have shown that G2 is highly scalable where the ratio of computation to communication is approximately known. However for combinatorial problems where computation times are difficult or impossible to predict, and communication costs can be unpredictable, G2 often provides little or no speedup. This research demonstrates that existing sequence mining and functional dependency mining techniques are not suited to a client-server style cycle stealing network like G2. However the feature selection is well suited to G2, and a new sequence mining algorithm offers comparable performance to other existing, non-cycle stealing, parallel sequence mining algorithms. Furthermore new functional dependency mining algorithms offer substantial benefit over existing serial algorithms.

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Mason, Richard S. "A framework for fully decentralised cycle stealing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/26039/1/Richard_Mason_Thesis.pdf.

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Ordinary desktop computers continue to obtain ever more resources – in-creased processing power, memory, network speed and bandwidth – yet these resources spend much of their time underutilised. Cycle stealing frameworks harness these resources so they can be used for high-performance computing. Traditionally cycle stealing systems have used client-server based architectures which place significant limits on their ability to scale and the range of applica-tions they can support. By applying a fully decentralised network model to cycle stealing the limits of centralised models can be overcome. Using decentralised networks in this manner presents some difficulties which have not been encountered in their previous uses. Generally decentralised ap-plications do not require any significant fault tolerance guarantees. High-performance computing on the other hand requires very stringent guarantees to ensure correct results are obtained. Unfortunately mechanisms developed for traditional high-performance computing cannot be simply translated because of their reliance on a reliable storage mechanism. In the highly dynamic world of P2P computing this reliable storage is not available. As part of this research a fault tolerance system has been created which provides considerable reliability without the need for a persistent storage. As well as increased scalability, fully decentralised networks offer the ability for volunteers to communicate directly. This ability provides the possibility of supporting applications whose tasks require direct, message passing style communication. Previous cycle stealing systems have only supported embarrassingly parallel applications and applications with limited forms of communication so a new programming model has been developed which can support this style of communication within a cycle stealing context. In this thesis I present a fully decentralised cycle stealing framework. The framework addresses the problems of providing a reliable fault tolerance sys-tem and supporting direct communication between parallel tasks. The thesis includes a programming model for developing cycle stealing applications with direct inter-process communication and methods for optimising object locality on decentralised networks.

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Mason, Richard S. "A framework for fully decentralised cycle stealing." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/26039/.

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Ordinary desktop computers continue to obtain ever more resources – in-creased processing power, memory, network speed and bandwidth – yet these resources spend much of their time underutilised. Cycle stealing frameworks harness these resources so they can be used for high-performance computing. Traditionally cycle stealing systems have used client-server based architectures which place significant limits on their ability to scale and the range of applica-tions they can support. By applying a fully decentralised network model to cycle stealing the limits of centralised models can be overcome. Using decentralised networks in this manner presents some difficulties which have not been encountered in their previous uses. Generally decentralised ap-plications do not require any significant fault tolerance guarantees. High-performance computing on the other hand requires very stringent guarantees to ensure correct results are obtained. Unfortunately mechanisms developed for traditional high-performance computing cannot be simply translated because of their reliance on a reliable storage mechanism. In the highly dynamic world of P2P computing this reliable storage is not available. As part of this research a fault tolerance system has been created which provides considerable reliability without the need for a persistent storage. As well as increased scalability, fully decentralised networks offer the ability for volunteers to communicate directly. This ability provides the possibility of supporting applications whose tasks require direct, message passing style communication. Previous cycle stealing systems have only supported embarrassingly parallel applications and applications with limited forms of communication so a new programming model has been developed which can support this style of communication within a cycle stealing context. In this thesis I present a fully decentralised cycle stealing framework. The framework addresses the problems of providing a reliable fault tolerance sys-tem and supporting direct communication between parallel tasks. The thesis includes a programming model for developing cycle stealing applications with direct inter-process communication and methods for optimising object locality on decentralised networks.

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Zhou, Lei. "INVESTIGATION OF THE SHAPE MEMORY BEHAVIOUR OF STEARIC ACID SWOLLEN, CROSSLINKED EPDM ELASTOMERS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron155560618552726.

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Eklöf, Patrik. "Implementing Confidence-based Work Stealing Search in Gecode." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-154475.

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Constraint programming is a field whose goal is to solve extremely large problems with a set of restrictions that define the problem. One such example is generating CPU instructions from source code, because a compiler must choose the optimal instructions that best matches the source code, schedule them optimally to minimize the amount of time it takes to execute the instructions and possibly at the same time also minimize power consumption. The difficulty of the problem lies in that there is no single good way to approach the problem since all parameters are so dependent on each other. For example, if the compiler chooses to minimize the amount of instructions, it usually ends up with large instructions which are big and complex and minimizes the amount of power used. However, they are also more difficult to schedule in an efficient manner in order to reduce the runtime. Choosing many smaller instructions gives more flexibility in scheduling, but draws more power. The compiler must also take caches into account in order to minimize misses which costs power and slows down the execution, making the whole problem even more complex. To find the best solution to such problems, one must typically explore every single possibility and measure which one is fastest. This creates a huge amount of possible solutions which takes a tremendous amount of time to explore to find a solution that meets the requirements (often finding the “optimal” solution). Typically, these problems are abstracted into search trees where they are explored using different techniques. Typically, there are two different ways to parallelize the exploration of search trees. These methods are coarse grained parallel search, which splits exploration into several threads as far up in the tree as possible, near the root, and fine grained parallel search which splits up the work as far down the search tree as possible so that each thread gets only a small subtree to explore. Coarse grained search has the advantage that it can achieve super-linear speedup if the solution is not in the leftmost subtree; otherwise, it wastes all work (compared to DFS). Fine grained search has the advantage that it always achieves linear speedup, but can never achieve super-linear speedup. An interesting way of search known as confidence-based search combines these two approaches. It works by having a set of probabilities for each branch provided by the user (called a confidence model); search method takes the help of probabilities as a guide for how many resources it should spend to explore different subtrees (e.g. if there are 10 threads and a probability of 0.8 that there is a solution in a subtree, the search method sends 8 threads for exploring that subtree; an alternative of looking at the problem is that the search method spends 80% of its resources to explore that subtree and spends the remaining 20% to exploring the rest of the subtrees). As the search method finds failed nodes, it updates the probabilities by taking into account that it is less probable that there is a solution in a subtree where there are more failed nodes. Periodically, the algorithm also restarts, and when it does, it uses the updated probabilities as a guide for where to look for solutions. This thesis took upon the goal of creating such a search for a constraint-based framework called Gecode from scratch. The resulting engine had a lot of potential, and while not perfect, it showed clear signs of super linear speedup for some problems tested with naïve confidence models.

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McPhail, Lorna May. "Early intervention for stealing: Interrupting the antisocial trajectory." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1545.

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This study investigated the effectiveness of the Triple P Programme to reduce stealing behaviour in three preadolescent children. Using behavioural monitoring and self-report questionnaires, outcome measures included stealing behaviour, parenting practices, parenting efficacy, and parental mental health. A measure of change was also included to identify change points in the therapeutic process. Results suggest that parent training is effective in the reduction of stealing behaviours, as positive changes were found across all the measures employed. This early intervention has the potential to disrupt an antisocial developmental trajectory for children who steal. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed.

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Mechri, Moncef. "Stealing the shared cache for fun and profit." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-204888.

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Cache pirating is a low-overhead method created by the Uppsala Architecture Research Team (UART) to analyze the effect of sharing a CPU cache among several cores. The cache pirate is a program that will actively and carefully steal a part of the shared cache by keeping its working set in it. The target application can then be benchmarked to see its dependency on the available shared cache capacity. The topic of this Master Thesis project is to implement a cache pirate and use it on Ericsson’s systems.
UPMARC

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Markovski, Robert. "Applying Stateless Model Checking to Work-Stealing libraries." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-452230.

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Software verification by testing does not always detect concurrency errors. Software verification by Stateless Model Checking searches the state space more systematically than testing and can therefore detect concurrency errors which may not be found by testing alone. Dynamic Partial Order Reduction is a common SMC approach whichhas been implemented in the Nidhugg bug finding tool. This thesis evaluates the feasibility of applying Nidhugg to a real-world codebase in practice by detailing the various modifications which had to be made to the Wool work stealing library in order to successfully verify it using Nidhugg. In order to verify our modified version of Wool, we developed and analyzed a small Wool test suite. In the process, we found and reported a bug in Wool. Additionally, we found and reported a bug in Nidhugg. We also measured Nidhugg's performance when verifying this particular test suite.

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Bird, Sonya. "A Cross-Cultural Look at Child-Stealing Witches." University of Arizona Linguistics Circle, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/226602.

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One of the important figures in Lummi mythology is Ch'eni, the Giant Woman (Ts'uXaelech) who comes during the night and steals children. When I first read the story of Ch'eni, I was struck by the similarity of this story to the well-known German tale by the Grimm brothers, 'Hansel and Gretel'. In fact, the story of Ch'eni is at first glance remarkably similar to several other children's tales in various cultures across the world. The goal of this paper is to explore the more subtle similarities and differences between the Lummi story and other stories in different cultures, in terms of the content of the discourse and the structure of the discourse used in the texts. We shall see that the Lummi story is in fact quite unique in its combination of elements of discourse content and structure. This makes the apparent similarity between it and other stories from around the world even more striking. Indeed, despite the numerous differences in terms of how the basic theme of the story is developed in Lummi and other cultures, the theme comes across clearly in all of the stories. This leads the reader (or listener) to mistakenly conclude that not only the main theme, but all aspects of the different stories are the same. The structure of the paper is as follows: in section 2, I outline the Lummi story of Ch'eni. In section 3, I discuss the content of this story, comparing it to that of /q'ɬəmáiəs/ in Sooke, Mosquito in Tlingit, Ho'ok in Tohono O'odham, Baba Yaga in Russian, Hansel and Gretel in German, and Yamamba in Japanese.' Finally, in section 4, I compare the discourse structure of the Lummi story to that in the other stories mentioned above.

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Bruce, Jennifer S. "Dietary saturated fatty acids and lipoprotein metabolism in the hamster." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319647.

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Berry, Sarah Elizabeth Emma. "Influence of triacylglycerol structure of stearic and palmitic acid rich fats on postprandial lipaemia." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415085.

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Sen, Siddhartha 1981. "Dynamic processor allocation for adaptively parallel work-stealing jobs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33355.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-82).
TCP's burstiness is usually regarded as harmful, or at best, inconvenient. Instead, this thesis suggests a new perspective and examines whether TCP's burstiness is useful for certain applications. It claims that burstiness can be harnessed to insulate traffic from packet reordering caused by route change. We introduce the use of flowlets, a new abstraction for a burst of packets from a particular flow followed by an idle interval. We apply flowlets to the routing of traffic along multiple paths and develop a scheme using flowlet-switching to split traffic across multiple parallel paths. Flowlet switching is an ideal technique for load balancing traffic across multiple paths as it achieves the accuracy of packet-switching and the robustness to packet reordering of flow-switching. This research evaluates the accuracy, simplicity, overhead and robustness to reordering flowlet switching entails. Using a combination of trace analysis and network simulation, we demonstrate the feasibility of implementing flowlet-based switching.
by Siddhartha Sen.
M.Eng.

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Sumitomo, Jiro. "A programming model and performance model for cycle stealing." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16320/1/Jiro_Sumitomo.pdf.

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This work describes a programming model and performance model for cycle stealing on the Internet. Cycle stealing is the use of otherwise idle computers to perform work, and promises high performance computing at relatively low cost. The Internet, being the largest pool of potentially idle computers, is an obvious target for cycle stealing. However, computers connected to the Internet are often protected by firewalls, preventing point-to-point communication between them. The fluctuating avail-ability of computers for cycle stealing as they move in and out of an idle state, combined with the restricted communication of the Internet environment, means that programming models and abstractions suitable for programming supercom-puters and clusters are not ideal. Therefore, I have created a programming model for cycle stealing which reflects the types of parallel applications that are suitable for execution using idle computers connected to the Internet. The model is de-signed for use by non-expert parallel programmers, and I will show how it simpli-fies the development of cycle stealing applications, enabling rapid application de-velopment, and straightforward porting of existing sequential applications. This simple to use programming model, combined with the low cost of cycle stealing, improves the accessibility of high performance computing to non-traditional us-ers of supercomputers and clusters. Deployment on the Internet, and the need to navigate through firewalls, suggests a web based framework using common web protocols, web servers and web browsers. Part of this work investigates the feasibility of web based approaches to cycle stealing, from the setup of a cycle stealing system, application development and deployment, and connection of potentially idle computers. I designed and implemented a cycle stealing framework, deployable on the web, to meet expec-tations of performance, reliability, ease of use and safety. Existing cycle stealing frameworks emphasise the need for applications to be de-composed into a set of jobs that execute for a long period, that is, a job should have a computation time sufficient to justify its communication cost. However, there are no tools available for users to determine what an appropriate computa-tion time might be, given a job's data communication requirements. To date, de-ciding the granularity of jobs has been a matter of intuition. Therefore, a user may experience uncertainty as to the benefit of cycle stealing for their particular application, especially if the applications will have relatively short-lived jobs. Based on performance analysis of my framework, I have developed an analytical model and simulator, which can be used to predict, and help to optimise, the per-formance of user applications, and show the feasibility of executing a particular application using the cycle stealing framework.

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Sumitomo, Jiro. "A programming model and performance model for cycle stealing." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16320/.

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This work describes a programming model and performance model for cycle stealing on the Internet. Cycle stealing is the use of otherwise idle computers to perform work, and promises high performance computing at relatively low cost. The Internet, being the largest pool of potentially idle computers, is an obvious target for cycle stealing. However, computers connected to the Internet are often protected by firewalls, preventing point-to-point communication between them. The fluctuating avail-ability of computers for cycle stealing as they move in and out of an idle state, combined with the restricted communication of the Internet environment, means that programming models and abstractions suitable for programming supercom-puters and clusters are not ideal. Therefore, I have created a programming model for cycle stealing which reflects the types of parallel applications that are suitable for execution using idle computers connected to the Internet. The model is de-signed for use by non-expert parallel programmers, and I will show how it simpli-fies the development of cycle stealing applications, enabling rapid application de-velopment, and straightforward porting of existing sequential applications. This simple to use programming model, combined with the low cost of cycle stealing, improves the accessibility of high performance computing to non-traditional us-ers of supercomputers and clusters. Deployment on the Internet, and the need to navigate through firewalls, suggests a web based framework using common web protocols, web servers and web browsers. Part of this work investigates the feasibility of web based approaches to cycle stealing, from the setup of a cycle stealing system, application development and deployment, and connection of potentially idle computers. I designed and implemented a cycle stealing framework, deployable on the web, to meet expec-tations of performance, reliability, ease of use and safety. Existing cycle stealing frameworks emphasise the need for applications to be de-composed into a set of jobs that execute for a long period, that is, a job should have a computation time sufficient to justify its communication cost. However, there are no tools available for users to determine what an appropriate computa-tion time might be, given a job's data communication requirements. To date, de-ciding the granularity of jobs has been a matter of intuition. Therefore, a user may experience uncertainty as to the benefit of cycle stealing for their particular application, especially if the applications will have relatively short-lived jobs. Based on performance analysis of my framework, I have developed an analytical model and simulator, which can be used to predict, and help to optimise, the per-formance of user applications, and show the feasibility of executing a particular application using the cycle stealing framework.

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LAVANDIER, MARIA ISABEL SPITZ ARGOLO. "ADSORPTION OF AMINO ACIDS BY LANGMUIR FILMS OF STEARIC ACID AT THE AIR-WATER INTERFACE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25137@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Aerossóis na troposfera influenciam o clima da Terra. A habilidade dos aerossóis de ativarem ou agirem como um núcleo de condensação de nuvens induzindo a transformação em uma gota de chuva depende de suas propriedades físico-químicas. Nessa dissertação, filmes mistos de Langmuir de ácido esteárico e aminoácidos são utilizados como modelos para a superfície de partículas de aerossóis atmosféricos. Os aminoácidos utilizados nos experimentos foram: L-Fenilalanina, L-Triptofano, L-Leucina, L-Isoleucina, L-Metionina, L-Lisina e L-Histidina, escolhidos devido às suas diferentes características de hidrofobicidade e de solubilidade em água, além de possuírem diferentes grupos R, em termos de polaridade. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender como os aminoácidos afetam a pressão de superfície (pi) e o potencial de superfície ( delta V) dos filmes de Langmuir de ácido esteárico na interface ar-solução aquosa, induzindo mudanças morfológicas nos mesmos. A caracterização dos filmes foi realizada por meio de experimentos de pressão de superfície e de potencial de superfície dos filmes mistos, que foram realizados em uma cuba de Langmuir minimicro acoplada a uma balança de Wilhelmy e com um sensor de potencial de superfície. De acordo com os resultados obtidos nos experimentos de pressão de superfície e de potencial de superfície, observou-se que a presença desses aminoácidos em filmes de ácido esteárico provocou diminuição da pressão de colapso do filme de ácido esteárico. Nos filmes formados com L-Fenilalanina e L-Lisina foi observada histerese em todas as compressões. L-Leucina, L-Isoleucina L-Histidina, L-Metionina e L-Triptofano não apresentaram histerese.
Aerosols in the troposphere influence the Earth s climate. The ability of aerosols to activate or act as a cloud condensation nucleus inducing the transformation into a raindrop depends on their physicochemical properties. In this dissertation, mixed Langmuir films of stearic acid and amino acids are used as templates to the surface of atmospheric aerosol particles. The amino acids used in the experiments were: L-Phenylalanine, L-Tryptophan, L-Leucine, L-Isoleucine, L-Methionine, L-Lysine and L-Histidine. They were chosen due to their different characteristics of hydrophobicity, water solubility, and polarity. This study aimed to understand how amino acids affect the surface pressure (pi) and the surface potential (delta V) of Langmuir films of stearic acid in aqueous solution-air interface, inducing morphological changes. The characterization of the films was performed by experiments of surface pressure and surface potential of the mixed film, which were carried out in a Langmuir minimicro trough coupled to a Wilhelmy balance and a surface potential sensor. According to the results obtained in the surface potential and surface pressure experiments, it was observed that the presence of these amino acids stearic acid film decreases the collapse pressure of the stearic acid film. In the films formed with L-Phenylalanine and L-Lysine, hysteresis was observed in all compressions. On the other hand, L-Leucine, L-Isoleucine, L-Histidine, L-Methionine and L-Tryptophan showed no hysteresis.

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Brostowitz, Nicole R. "Shape Memory Rubber Bands & Supramolecular Ionic Copolymers." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1418134490.

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Lowe, Peter James. "Christian Romanticism : T.S. Eliot's response to Percy Bysshe Shelley." Thesis, Durham University, 2002. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4127/.

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This thesis presents a reading of T. S. Eliot's response to the work of Percy Bysshe Shelley, focusing on Eliot's Christian faith and the role it played in this response. Chapter One shows how Shelley was a great influence on Eliot's early work and how, after his Christian conversion, Eliot repudiated his influence. The chapter will show how previous readings of Eliot's relations with Romanticism have tended to centre on a Bloomian poetic 'anxiety of influence'. 1 will then offer my religious reading of Eliot's thought, and show how the period of initial repudiation gives way to a rapprochement with past poetic influences, as Eliot eventually accommodates past influences into his Christian scheme. Chapter Two examines the ways in which Shelley and Eliot address the issue of self-consciousness and our inherent sense of isolation. Chapter Three looks at the treatment of human love m the work of both poets. In both cases, Shelley desires, unsuccessfully, some release from selfhood, either in social communion or with an ideal lover. It is only with the adoption of a divine perspective that human relations can be set in context - something that Eliot came to realise in his later work. Chapter Four looks at the way the two poets reacted to the work of Dante, stressing that Eliot's Christian faith enabled him to relate to Dante's work in a way that Shelley, although appropriating Dantean motifs in his own work, could never fully attain. Chapter Five looks at the way both Eliot and Shelley address the fundamental shortcomings of language, showing how Eliot, in the years after his conversion, could be reconciled to linguistic shortfall because he could relate it to a higher, divine reality. Shelley, like Eliot in his early years, was vexed by this problem because he did not have the faith that offered a transcendent view of it. A concluding section draws together these chapters and sums up my reading of Eliot’s faith, and the extent to which it affected his response to the work of Shelley.

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Van, Loenen Mariska C. A. "Treatment of soil-borne fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotorium, Sclerotium cepivorum, Verticillium dahliae and Pythium ultimum, potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida, and weeds Chenopodium album and Agropyron repens with low-temperature/short-duration steam and with ozone gas." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602318.

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Methyl bromide is a widely used soil disinfectant that, because of its ozone depleting properties, is being phased out in the EC by 2005. Soil steaming is a well-established system of soil disinfestation and is increasingly seen as a viable option to methyl bromide replacement. Traditional glasshouse steaming techniques create a number of problems because it involves treatment of soil with high-temperature (100-140°C) steam for up to eight hours or more. This not only eliminates unwanted soil-borne pests and diseases, but also creates a ‘biological vacuum’, in which target pests and pathogens may quickly re-enter and luxuriate, perpetuating the need for regular disinfestation. Soil steaming at lower temperatures, e.g. at 70°C, does not normally result in these unwanted side effects, because of the partial survival of the saprophytic microflora population. In this study agricultural soil samples, containing a range of important soil-borne pests and pathogens, were treated with steam in a specially designed laboratory steam-rig. It was found that treatment at 60°C, for a duration of only 3 minutes plus eight minutes ‘resting’ (“low-temperature/short duration soil steaming”) was enough to 100% kill soil-borne fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Sclerotium cepivorum, Verticillium dahliae and Pythium ultimum; potato cyst nematodes Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida, and weeds Chenopodium album and Agropyron repens. When low temperature/short duration soil steaming was compared with a chemical soil disinfectant, using the fumigant dazomet (Basamid) at a rate of 760 kg/ha, both disinfestation methods resulted in 100% elimination of the above pathogens, nematodes and weeds and caused IGR (Increased Growth Response) of lettuce plants. In a further study, using four different soil types at three different matric potentials, it was found that efficacy of low-temperature/short duration steaming is dependent on soil type and soil moisture content, and that treatment of soil in a moist state is more effective than treatment in a dry state, especially when treating fine-textured sand and loam soils. Soil samples containing survival structures of soil pests were also treated with ozone gas in a specially designed ozone treatment chamber, but this did not result in elimination of target organisms.

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Schüller, André. "A life composed : T. S. Eliot and the morals of modernism /." Münster : LIT, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41273746c.

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McCord, Brandon Ellis. "Preliminary Examination of Methods for Identifying the Function of Stealing." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1881.

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Because low rate, covert responses are hard to observe and measure (e.g., Azrin & Wesolowski, 1974; Henderson, 1981; Jeffery, 1969; Reid & Patterson, 1976; Seymour & Epston, 1989), well-controlled behavior analytic investigations of stealing have been rare. In fact, systematic investigations to experimentally determine stealing functions have been limited to two studies targeting food (Lambert et al., 2019; Simmons, Akers, & Fisher, 2019). The dearth of studies examining stealing functions, partly attributable to low rate and covertness, may be forestalling additional intervention studies. Given the likely futility of unsystematic attempts to observe naturally occurring instances of an infrequent, clandestine response, a possible role for indirect assessment emerges (Iwata & Dozier, 2008). This two-part study concerned an investigation into the reliability and predictive validity of the Functional Analysis Screening Tool (Iwata, DeLeon, & Roscoe, 2013) and a similarly constructed tool (The Stealing Inventory or TSI) with the latter having questions oriented towards likely stealing functions. In doing so, the comparative viability of two trial-based functional analysis (FA) models (Bloom, Iwata, Fritz, Roscoe, & Carreau, 2011; Lambert, Bloom, & Irvin, 2012) was also examined. Across 42 respondent pairs, overall tool reliability and outcome reliability for suggested functions favored the TSI (85% and 92.9%, respectively) over the FAST (80% and 73.8%, respectively). Three out of 6 participants stole during one of their two respective FAs, and the identified function matched the respective TSI outcomes for each case. FA model superiority was unclear.

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Pitimanaaree, Nipun. "Provably efficient randomized work stealing with first-class parallel loops." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123035.

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This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 67-68).
In parallel computing, do-all parallel loops are often a target for optimizations as loop iterations can be executed independently in any order and thus contribute to high parallelism. Techniques such as divide-and-conquer and lazy binary splitting have proven to be efficient in theory and/or in practice. However, these approaches can potentially be improved in terms of lower number of unnecessary splits and better cache efficiency. In this thesis, I introduce the design of first-class LoopFrame for parallel loops, which follows dynamic splitting protocol and is efficient in terms of cache-locality and execution time in randomized work stealing. In particular, two versions of LoopFrames are presented: 1-D LoopFrame and an extension to multi-dimensional (M-D) LoopFrame, for non-nested and nested parallel loops, respectively. This paper mainly contributes the theoretical analysis on execution time of randomized work stealing with both versions of LoopFrames. The execution time is asymptotically preserved and remained efficient, i.e., randomized work stealing with LoopFrames has an expected runtime of 0(T1/p+T[infinity], where T1 is the work (total computation) and T[infinity] is the span (length of longest dependency path). On the implementation side, M-D LoopFrame is benchmarked against nested forloops and divide-and-conquer methods on a matrix multiplication computation on a single processor. M-D LoopFrame proves to have efficient D1 cache misses, approximately the same as the divide-and-conquer method and 10x to 100x more efficient than for-loops. Execution time-wise, on multiplication of size 4001 square matrices, M-D LoopFrame runs approximately 50% faster than both nested for-loops and divide-and-conquer at grainsize 32.
by Nipun Pitimanaaree.
M. Eng.
M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

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40

Johnston, Jeandre Andrew. "Starch modified with stearic acid and xanthan gum as a stabiliser in a fermented whey beverage." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60815.

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Whey is a by-product of cheese manufacturing and can be used to make a fermented whey beverage. However, the beverage rapidly separates by sedimentation. The addition of a stabiliser to the beverage can improve the texture of the beverage and prevent sedimentation due to the viscosity increase. Chemically modified starches are used as stabilisers in the food industry. Nevertheless, consumer concerns have demanded for less synthetic chemically modified ingredients in foods, and instead prefer clean-label ingredients. Starch modified with lipids and xanthan gum can be regarded as clean-label. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of modified starch treated with stearic acid and xanthan gum, on the quality of a fermented whey beverage. Firstly, the properties of maize and high amylose maize starch (HAMS) modified with stearic acid and xanthan gum alone and in combination was determined. Normal maize starch was pasted with and without the modifying agents for two hours at 91 °C under atmospheric pressure. HAMS was pasted with and without modifying agents under pressure (500 kPa) for 10 minutes at 121 °C followed by 91 °C for 110 minutes. The gel strength and thermal properties of the pasted samples were analysed. The flow properties and characteristics of the beverages with the modified starches were evaluated at set intervals over a 15 day period. The IKA® LR 1000 reactor vessel used in upscale-processing could only operate under atmospheric pressure and could thus not fully gelatinise the HAMS. As a result, only maize starch (pasted alone and modified with stearic acid and xanthan gum, alone and in combination) could be used as a stabiliser in the fermented whey beverage. Maize starch pasted with xanthan gum had an increased pasting viscosity relative to maize starch alone. The viscosity of HAMS pasted with xanthan gum was lower relative to the HAMS pasted alone. The high temperature and pressure processing conditions that affect the pasting of HAMS could potentially have degraded the xanthan gum. This could be a reason why an increase in viscosity was not observed as with the maize starch. The presence of amylose-lipid complexes (with and without xanthan gum) in both the maize starch and HAMS that was pasted with stearic acid, resulted in an increased pasting viscosity. Furthermore, the amylose-lipid complexes prevented a gel formation in both starches, possibly by interfering with the retrogradation of amylose chains. The differential scanning calorimetry showed that maize starch pasted with stearic acid had more crystalline amylose-lipid complexes than the maize control. Decreased amounts of Type II amylose-lipid complexes were observed for the maize starch pasted with stearic acid and xanthan gum. It is presumed that the xanthan gum interferes with the formation of the amylose-lipid complexes in normal maize starch. HAMS pasted alone had Type II amylose-lipid complexes. The abundant amylose content and higher pasting temperatures could be a cause for the prevalent formation of the more crystalline Type II amylose-lipid complexes. The viscosity of HAMS was too low to significantly impact the beverage, therefore it was not used in the beverage formulation. The beverages with the modified starch had increased levels of viscosity, decreased levels of sedimentation and increased degrees of shear thinning relative to the whey beverage with no starch. The beverages with the stearic acid modified starch (with and without xanthan gum) had a lower viscosity, increased level of sedimentation and a smaller degree of shear thinning relative to the beverages with modified starch (with and without xanthan gum). The lower viscosity could be due to the lack of the retrograded starch. It is believed that the decrease in shear thinning could be attributed to the compact size of the amylose-lipid complex relative to the long uncomplexed amylose molecules. However, the beverages with stearic acid modified starch (with and without xanthan gum) showed more consistent flow properties throughout the 15 day period in relation to the beverages with modified starch (with and without xanthan gum). Maize starch modified with stearic acid has potential as a thickener and stabiliser in a fermented whey beverage as it shows limited changes during storage and shows higher viscosity. Further research into the rheological and sensory properties of the whey beverage with starch modified lipids is recommended for a marketable product.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Food Science
MSc
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41

Rocha, Cinthia Dias 1986. "Efeito da vaporização na madeira de Eucalyptus grandis sobre as suas propriedades químicas e resistência natural a fungos e cupins /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99760.

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Orientador: Elias Taylor Durgante Severo
Banca: Mario Tomazello Filho
Banca: Edson Luiz Furtado
Resumo: A madeira de Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden submetida ao tratamento de vaporização apresenta maior qualidade na indústria de serrados e otimização durante o processo de secagem. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar o efeito da vaporização em toras e em madeira serrada nas propriedades químicas e na resistência natural a fungo e cupins da madeira de Eucalyptus grandis. Para isso, foram empregados quatro tratamentos: material controle, madeira vaporizada em toras (vapor saturado, 20 horas à 90°C), madeira pré-vaporizada em tábuas (1 hora de aquecimento inicial seguida de 3 horas de vapor saturado a 90ºC) e material submetido às duas vaporizações, ou seja, tábuas pré-vaporizadas obtidas de toras vaporizadas. Para caracterização química foram utilizadas as normas TAPPI (1999); para determinar a resistência natural a fungo foram utilizados os procedimentos das normas ASTM D-1413 (1994) e ASTM D-2017 (1994) e, para cupim, a metodologia desenvolvida pelo Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas (1980). Os resultados mostraram que: (1) a vaporização promoveu algumas modificações não estatisticamente significativas na composição química da madeira, como: acréscimos de até 5,07% do teor de solubilidade em NaOH 1%, decréscimos de até 21,80% no teor de solubilidade em água quente, acréscimos no teor de extrativos totais para madeira vaporizada em tora e aquela pré-vaporizada em tábuas na ordem de 4,80% e 9,50%, respectivamente, enquanto a madeira submetida à vaporização conjunta (vaporizada/pré-vaporizada) apresentou decréscimo de 7,10%; aumento de até 6,77% no teor de lignina Klason, e redução de até 4,75% no teor de hemiceluloses. Outras modificações, no entanto, foram significativas, como: redução de 3,10% no teor de holocelulose e de 5,06% no teor de celulose... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The steamed wood of Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden has a better quality to the sawn industry and optimizes the drying process The aim objective of this work was evaluate the effect of vaporization in logs and lumber on chemical properties and Eucalyptus grandis's natural resistance to dry wood termites (Cryptotermes brevis) and to the fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus. For this, four treatments were used: control material, steamed wood logs (saturated steam, 20 hours at 90 ° C), pre-steamed wood on tables (1 hour initial warm-up followed by 3 hours of saturated steam at 90 º C) and materials that were submitted to two sprays, i.e., pre-steamed boards obtained from vaporized logs. For the chemical characterization was used TAPPI (1999), to determine the natural resistance to fungus were used procedures of ASTM D-1413 (1994) and ASTM D-2017 (1994) standards and, for termites, the methodology developed by the Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas (1980). Results showed that: (1) vaporization promoted no significant modifications in the chemical composition of wood, such as additions of 5.07% in the level of solubility in NaOH 1%, solubility decrease of 21.80% in the level of solubility in hot water, increases in the total extractive content for the log wood and pre-vaporized boards in the order of 4.80% and 9.50% respectively, while the vaporized wood/pre-vaporized on boards showed a decrease of 7.10%; increase of 6.77% in Klason lignin content and reduction of 4.75% in the content of hemicelluloses. Other modifications, however, were significant, as reduction of 3.10% in the holocellulose content and 5.06% in cellulose content, (2) there was also no significant effect on the susceptibility of wood when vaporized and exposed to the white-rot fungus, Pycnoporus sanguineus. The steamed wood... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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Gustavo, Rodrigues Souza Luiz. "Citogenética, origem e evolução de Nothoscordum gracile (Aílton) Stearn (Alliaceae) e espécies afins da secção nodorum." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/610.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:04:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo4325_1.pdf: 3381451 bytes, checksum: 859ccfdfb8bae700d26badd41a71ebc1 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
O gênero Nothoscordum (Alliaceae) é formado por cerca de 20 espécies nativas da América do Sul, estando dividido em duas secções, Nothoscordum e Inodorum. N. gracile (secção Inodorum) é a única espécie invasora e apresenta um cariótipo incomum (2n = 19, 13M + 6A). Para tentar entender a origem do cariótipo de N. gracile foram analisadas espécies afins da secção Inodorum, empregando a técnica de coloração com fluorocromos (CMA/DAPI) e FISH (DNAr 5S e 45S). As espécies apresentaram uma baixa quantidade de heterocromatina CMA+, distribuída no braço curto de todos os acrocêntricos e em uma ou duas bandas intersticiais de alguns destes cromossomos. Entre os diplóides, N. nudicaule foi caracterizado pela ausência de bandas CMA+ intersticiais enquanto N. macrostemon e N. arenarium apresentavam bandas intersticiais em ambos os pares de acrocêntricos. Com base nesses padrões e no heteromorfismo de bandas CMA+ encontrado em N. gracile, essa espécie pode ter se originado por alopoliploidia, possivelmente derivada do cruzamento de N. macrostemon e N. nudicaule. Análises meióticas, bem como as medições cromossômicas indicaram uma grande variabilidade cariotípica nas formas tetraplóides da secção Inodorum. Contrariamente, os citótipos diplóides apresentaram uma baixa variabilidade cariotípica. Isso foi demonstrado em uma análise populacional de N. arenarium. Esses resultados sugerem que translocações robertsonianas e alopoliploidia são os principais mecanismos envolvidos na evolução cariotípica das espécies da secção Inodorum

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43

Lui, Siu-Hang. "MIDI to SP-MIDI and I-melody transcoding using phrase stealing /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?COMP%202005%20LUI.

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44

Pezzi, Guilherme Peretti. "Escalonamento Work-Stealing de programas Divisão-e-Conquista com MPI-2." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/8613.

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Com o objetivo de ser portável e eficiente em arquiteturas HPC atuais, a execução de um programa paralelo deve ser adaptável. Este trabalho mostra como isso pode ser atingido utilizando MPI, através de criação dinâmica de processos, integrada com programação Divisão-e-Conquista e uma estratégia Work-Stealing para balancear os processos MPI, em ambientes heterogêneos e/ou dinâmicos, em tempo de execução. Este trabalho explica como implementar uma aplicação segundo o modelo de Divisão-e-Conquista com MPI, bem como a implementação de uma estratégia Work-Stealing. São apresentados resultados experimentais baseados em uma aplicação sintética, o problema das N-Rainhas (N-Queens). Valida-se tanto a adaptabilidade e a eficiência do código. Os resultados mostram que é possível utilizar um padrão amplamente difundido como o MPI, mesmo em plataformas de HPC não tão homogêneas como um cluster.
In order to be portable and efficient on modern HPC architectures, the execution of a parallel program must be adaptable. This work shows how to achieve this in MPI, by the dynamic creation of processes, coupled with Divide-and-Conquer programming and a Work-Stealing strategy to balance the MPI processes, in a heterogeneous and/or dynamic environment, at runtime. The application of Divide and Conquer with MPI is explained, as well as the implementation of a Work-Stealing strategy. Experimental results are provided, based on a synthetic application, the N-Queens computation. Both the adaptability of the code and its efficiency are validated. The results show that it is possible to use widely spread standards such as MPI, even in parallel HPC platforms that are not as homogeneous as a Cluster.

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Rogers, Wendy J. "Effects of dietary stearic and linoleic acid on mammary carcinogenesis and longevity of aging strain A/ST mice." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1115733.

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This investigation studies the effects of diets containing varying amounts of linoleic acid (a polyunsaturated fatty acid) and stearic acid (a saturated fatty acid) on tumorigenesis, weight and longevity in strain A/ST mice. Linoleic acid [ 18 carbons and 2 double bonds (18:2)] was chosen to represent a fatty acid known to enhance tumorigenesis and obesity in certain strains of mice. Stearic acid [ 18 carbons and no double bonds (18:0)] represents a saturated fatty acid known to increase the latency period for mammary tumor development and to decrease the rate of tumor growth. This study was conducted to determine whether the effects of fatty acids observed in younger mice on time to tumor, survival and body weights were also found in aging animals. Further, by varying the amount of linoleic acid in the diet, this study examined whether the tumor enhancing effects of increasing amounts of linoleic acid could be overcome by the incorporation of dietary stearic acid. All diets had equal percentages, by weight, of protein, salt, sucrose, mineral salt, and vitamin levels and an equal number of calories per gram of food. The SF diet was rich in linoleic acid. The SA-1 diet contained enough linoleic acid to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency, and the SA-4 diet contained the maximal amount of linoleic acid for tumor enhancement. Total body weight and tumor production in the three dietary groups show a relationship between an increase in body weight and tumor production as the amount of dietary linoleic acid increases. There also is an inverse relationship between animal survival and body weight as the amount of dietary linoleic acid increases. Survival thus appears to be dependent on tumor production in the three dietary groups, where there appears to be an inverse relationship between survival and time to tumor as the amount of dietary linoleic acid increases at each timepoint. These results suggest that the inclusion of stearic acid in the diet can, in part, overcome this enhancing effect of linoleic acid, even at the optimal tumor producing level of linoleic acid. The results of this study indicate that that effects of linoleic and stearic acid in aging mice are similar to those in younger animals.
Department of Biology

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46

Scicluna-Spiteri, Anthony. "Drimia maritima (L) stearn in Malta : the growth, quality and commercial potential of Maltese squill, Drimia maritima." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236486.

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47

Goosen, Adri. ""Stealing the story, salvaging the she" : feminist revisionist fiction and the bible." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5338.

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Thesis (MA (English))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis analyses six novels by different women writers, each of which rewrites an originally androcentric biblical story from a female perspective. These novels are The Red Tent by Anita Diamant, The Garden by Elsie Aidinoff, Leaving Eden by Ann Chamberlin, The Moon under her Feet by Clysta Kinstler, The Wild Girl by Michelle Roberts and Wisdom’s Daughter by India Edghill. By classifying these novels as feminist revisionist fiction, this study considers how they both subvert and revise the biblical narratives they are based on in order to offer readers new and gynocentric alternatives. With the intention of establishing the significance of such an endeavor, the study therefore employs the findings of feminist critique and theology to expose how the Bible, as a sexist text, has inspired, directly or indirectly, many of the patriarchal values that govern Western society and religion. Having established how biblical narratives have promoted and justified visions of women as marginal, subordinate and outside the realm of the sacred, we move on to explore how feminist rewritings of such narratives might function to challenge and transform androcentric ideology, patriarchal myth and phallocentric theology. The aim is to show that the new and different stories constructed within these revisionist novels re-conceptualise and re-imagine women, their place in society and their relation to the divine. Thus, as the title suggests, this thesis ultimately considers how women writers ‘steal’ the original biblical stories and transform them in ways that prove liberating for women.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis analiseer ses romans deur verskillende vroue skrywers - romans wat die oorspronklik androsentriese bybelse stories herskryf vanuit ’n vroulike perspektief. Die romans sluit in The Red Tent deur Anita Diamant, The Garden deur Elsie Aidinoff, Leaving Eden deur Ann Chamberlin, The Moon under her Feet deur Clysta Kinstler, The Wild Girl deur Michelle Roberts en Wisdom’s Daughter deur India Edghill. Deur hierdie romans te klassifiseer as feministiese revisionistiese fiksie, oorweeg hierdie studie hoe hulle die bybelse verhale waarop hulle gebaseer is, beide ondermyn en hersien om sodoende lesers nuwe en ginosentriese alternatiewe te bied. Met die voorneme om die betekenisvolheid van so ’n poging vas te stel, wend hierdie tesis dus die bevindings van feministiese kritiek en -teologie aan om bloot te lê hoe die Bybel, as ‘n seksistiese teks, baie van die patriargale waardes van die Westerse samelewing en godsdiens, direk of indirek, geïnspireer het. Nadat vasgestel is hoe bybelse verhale sienings van vroue as marginaal, ondergeskik en buite die sfeer van heiligheid bevorder en regverdig, beweeg die tesis aan om te ondersoek hoe feministiese herskrywings van sulke verhale, androsentriese ideologie, patriargale mite en fallosentriese teologie uitdaag en herskep. Die doelwit is om te wys dat die nuwe en anderste stories saamgestel in hierdie revisionistiese romans, vroue, hul plek in die samelewing en hul betrekking tot die goddelike, kan heroorweeg en herdink. Dus, soos die titel voorstel, oorweeg hierdie tesis primêr hoe vroue skrywers die oorspronklike bybelse stories ‘steel’ en herskep op maniere wat bevrydend vir vrouens blyk te wees.

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48

Haynes, Linda Carol. "Borrowing or Stealing: The Language and Moral Development of Criminals and Noncriminals." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331861/.

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The present study was undertaken (1) to compare the connotative meanings criminals attach to a sampling of concepts with those meanings attached by noncriminals, and (2) to examine the possible relationship between moral development and criminal behavior. One hundred thirty four male subjects completed the Wide Range Achievement Test- Revised (Reading Section); a personal data sheet; the Ammons Quick Test-Form I; the Criminal Semantic Inventory; the Test for Criminal Cognitions; and the Sociomoral Reflection Questionnaire. Subjects were divided into four groups (Noncriminals, Against Person Group, Against Property Group, and Against Statute Group) on the basis of history of criminal conviction. A one-way MANOVA was conducted on each of the 16 concepts under investigation. Significant differences were found for five concepts. In addition, criminals were found to differ significantly from noncriminals on level of moral development.

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49

YANG, MEI-HUA, and 楊美華. "Factors affect the properties of stearin from squid viscera oil with solvent fractionation." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73543228429726347261.

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50

Jonášová, Barbora. "Rovnice sypání. Sorbitol a stearan hořečnatý." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-331146.

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1 Abstract Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradci Králové Department of: Pharmaceutical Technology Consultant: Doc. PharmDr. Zdeňka Šklubalová, Ph.D. Student: Barbora Jonášová Title of Thesis: Flow equation. Sorbitol and magnesium stearate. This thesis describes influence of the addition of magnesium stearate on bulk properties to size fractions of sorbitol for direct compression in the range 0,100 - 0,346 mm. I studied influence of particle size and the size of the opening hopper to the gravitational speed of flow. The dependence of the flow rate (g/s) on the size of the opening conical hopper was modeled by the squares equation Jones-Pilpel. No significant effect of addition of magnesium stearate 0,5% and 1,0% for the exponent equation was found. This model allows the re-estimation of the flow rate with an accuracy about 11% for the size fraction regardless of the amount of added magnesium stearate; for polydisperse MS200 is the deviation of the experimentally determined values of the flow rate of approximately 19%.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Stearin'

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