Journal articles: 'Steel Foundry'

1

Briggs, C. W. "AMERICAN STEEL FOUNDRY PRACTICE." Journal of the American Society for Naval Engineers 45, no. 1 (March 18, 2009): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1933.tb05108.x.

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Chen, Shoukun, Jinjia Zhang, Kaili Xu, and Qingwei Xu. "Thermal Decomposition Behaviour of Foundry Sand for Cast Steel in Nitrogen and Air Atmospheres." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (June 17, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8121276.

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Sand casting is the most widely used casting technique, known for ages, even since ancient times. The main goal of this study was to determine the thermal decomposition behaviour of foundry sand for cast steel. We first tested the basic properties of foundry sand, including its proximate analysis, chemical composition, and particle size characteristics; we next monitored the thermal decomposition behaviour of foundry sand for cast steel via simultaneous thermal analysis. We focused on the mass loss of foundry sand for cast steel at different heating rates in nitrogen and air atmospheres. We adopted a novel method to calculate the volatile release characteristic index of foundry sand. The volatile content of foundry sand for cast steel was very low, so the volatile release characteristic index of the sand could not be strictly calculated according to this concept. We calculated the thermal decomposition kinetics parameters of foundry sand, namely, the activation energy and preexponential factor, under kinetics theory. To thoroughly test the fitting effect, we conducted a single-factor analysis of variance on the source of error. The results showed that the independent variable has a significant influence on the dependent variable and that the fitting equation we selected is feasible and effective.

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McCalla, D. R., C. Kaiser-Farrell, M. A. Quilliam, M. Lant, C. P. Sheldrake, A. Kerr, J. N. Lockington, and E. S. Gibson. "Lung Cancer in a Steel Foundry." Chest 89, no. 4 (April 1986): 313S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.89.4_supplement.313s.

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Saternus, Mariola, and Ladislav Socha. "Modern Trends in Foundry." Metals 13, no. 7 (July 5, 2023): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13071236.

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The production volume of metals and their alloys, taking into account the current demand for materials containing steel, cast iron, non-ferrous metals and their alloys, will continue to increase in the near future [...]

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5

Yang, Da Chun. "Foundry Technology of the Pressure Board Steel Casting Based on Proportional Solidification Theory." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 691–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.691.

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For plate steel castings, the foundry technology was designed according to the dynamic directional solidification of proportional solidification theory. Adopting chilling process for the thick and large plane, it may cause the casting basically even cooling. Using self-feeding shrinkage in solidification achieved the dynamic directional feeding of molten steel, and the casting was poured and congealing at the same time. The shrinkage of finally congealing part was fed by small riser. Adopting this foundry technology, the large plane downwards avoided appearing the defects such as sand buckle, slag, pinhole porosity, and pore, etc.; the process yield was greatly increased with this foundry technology, too.

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Studnicki, A., M. Kondracki, J. Suchoń, J. Szajnar, D. Bartocha, and T. Wróbel. "Abrasive Wear of Alloyed Cast Steels Applied for Heavy Machinery." Archives of Foundry Engineering 15, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2015-0018.

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Abstract In the paper the results and analysis of abrasive wear studies were shown for two grades of cast steels: low-alloyed cast steel applied for heavy machinery parts such as housing, covers etc. and chromium cast steels applied for kinetic nodes of pin-sleeve type. Studies were performed using the modified in Department of Foundry pin-on-disc method.

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He, Bin Feng. "Foundry Technique Designing and Optimization of the Cast-Steel Casting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 1155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.1155.

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The traditional method has been used to the foundry technique for the cast-steel casting. And the commercial foundry simulation software was used to validate the rationality of the foundry technique. Four side risers and some cylindrical chills were used to decrease the shrinkages which would occur in casting. The results show that the risers could not feed the casting effectively because of the limited feeding distance. A top riser was introduced to eliminate the defects, the simulation results show that still some shrinkages occurred because the heat effect between risers. The side risers were replaced by an annular chill. Finally, the shrinkages would happened in casting were eliminated.

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He, Bin Feng. "Simulation and Optimization of Steel Casting by Sand Casting." Advanced Materials Research 706-708 (June 2013): 258–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.258.

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Casting defects will always occurred in the cast-steel castings. In order to eliminate the shrinkages more and more risers had been used which increased the final cost sharply. The traditional method was used to the designing process; besides that, the foundry simulation software was introduced to prove the rationality of the technique. The software helps to predict the proper position of the shrinkages. The cooling system was optimized after the analyzed and the final simulation results show the rationality of foundry technique.

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Yang, Da Chun, Sen Lin Li, and Feng He. "Twin Gating System Design for Typical Thin Wall Stainless Steel Castings Based on Fast Pouring Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 457-458 (October 2013): 1657–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.457-458.1657.

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The thin wall stainless steel castings is difference to ordinary steel castings in foundry technology. This paper discussed the problems of thin wall stainless steel castings which appearing in the flow controlling board for warm-air pipe, and put forward the foundry technology of this stainless steel castings based on the principle of directional solidification and fast pouring mechanism. According to the theory, twin gating system has been designed for the controlling board castings, and two ladles are pouring into the open twin gating system at the same time. The shrinkage of finally congealing part was fed by two risers. The practice has shown that the design is feasible, there is not cold shut, misrun, scab, and oxidizing for the castings, and the requirements of mechanical properties can be met.

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Chaus, Alexander S., Martin Sahul, and Matej Bračík. "Diffusion Induced Changes in Cast and Wrought M2 High-Speed Steel Subject to Homogenisation Annealing." Diffusion Foundations 22 (May 2019): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.22.24.

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The influence of annealing at 1200 °C for 2, 4 and 8 h on the carbide microstructure of AISI M2 type high-speed steel obtained by both the foundry and conventional metallurgy technologies has been studied. The primary focus was on the kinetics of eutectic carbide decomposition and dissolution in both the cast and wrought M2 high-speed steels under the effect of high temperature.

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11

Parmar, Hardik, and Nilesh Gawde. "Heat Stress Vulnerability Among Small-Scale Factory Workers and Adaptive Strategies in Ahmedabad: a Cross Sectional Study." International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health 13, no. 3 (July 4, 2023): 321–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijosh.v13i3.44241.

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Introduction: Global warming is likely to affect certain groups such as workers in heat-producing industries. With limited research exploring such an important area, this study aimed to explore the heat stress vulnerability and adaptive strategies of indoor small-scale factory workers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study and a mixed-method approach was used. The study setting was small-scale factory units. The quantitative component included environmental and biological monitoring from six units of steel rolling mills and foundry in the summer and winter seasons. The study was conducted during the period of November-2018 and May 2019. Heat stress was measured among workers using a portable Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) meter. The physiological parameters of workers were also measured. The qualitative component included in-depth interviews of workers and supervisors from eleven units. Results: The maximum temperatures recorded at steel rolling mills and foundry crossed Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) threshold (27.5℃) in summer as well as winter. The mean WBGT at the steel rolling mill recorded 31.5℃. The physiological measurements of workers also crossed the threshold level for heart rate and oral temperature in steel rolling and foundry units. The units had mechanisms to dissipate heat but lack a temperature monitoring mechanism inside the units. The workers wore lighter or fewer clothes as an adaptive measure but uncomfortable PPEs in foundry units were avoided. Conclusion: Heat stress in small-scale industry units was found high and there is a high need to develop specific strategies for such vulnerably high heat-exposed groups.

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12

Josan, A., C. Pinca-Bretotean, E. Ardelean, and M. Ardelean. "Management of the process of moulding-casting a steel part in order to optimize it." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2540, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2540/1/012039.

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Abstract The foundry industry occupies an important position in the manufacture of castings, both through the existing production capacities and through the remarkable achievements registered in various fields and industries. The goal of steel foundry industry leaders is to meet the demands of both the entire market and individual customers, to develop new products, to improve available technologies, and to implement new “green” projects while optimizing all processes in the foundry. In this context, this paper presents the possibility of optimizing the process of moulding-casting a steel part that can be used in various industries (mechanics, machine building, mining etc.). The non-conformities of the current moulding-casting technology are identified and actions are proposed to remove them. By applying changes in technology, the rejects registered in the industrial practice is significantly reduced, the quality of the production process is improved, which is reflected in the costs of the enterprise.

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Waliitagi, Asha, Vijaya Sarathy Rathanasalam, H. R. Bramendra Kishore, and S. Jeeva chithambaram. "The Implications of Sustainable Fine Aggregate on Self-Compacting Concrete: A Review." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1273, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1273/1/012007.

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Abstract Concrete that is self-compacting or self-consolidating is referred to as SCC with unique properties such as flowability, self-consolidation, and workability and it can be placed in any type of Reinforced cement concrete (RCC) work where reinforcements are congested and not able to do compaction. In this fast-moving modern era, the role of SCC is unavoidable. It is an advanced method of concreting and sustainable materials that can be utilized as an alternative to river sand or crushed stone sand which includes waste foundry sand, steel slag, stainless steel slag, and iron slag, among others. These materials are the product of industries and create dumping problems in the environment. These materials have a similar composition to fine aggregate there for can be replaced by some percentage with fine aggregate. To bring an alternative to existing river sand and to prevent sand mining In this novel paper detailed investigation has been made to review different sustainable material as fine aggregate and a critical review is done about the SCC features (fresh and hardened) produced using waste foundry sand, steel slag, stainless steel slag and iron slag respectively. In addition, mechanical properties along with microstructure studies of different sustainable fine aggregates are discussed. The optimum substitution rate for sustainable fine aggregate and its benefits are studied. All the alternative fine aggregate has made a significant impact on fresh and hardened properties. Due to their unique performance, various fine aggregates notably waste foundry sand, steel slag, stainless steel slag and iron slag can be employed in making SCC.

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14

Zolotukhin, V. I., A. G. Golovko, E. I. Gordeev, and D. A. Provotorov. "MODERN EQUIPMENT FOR REFINING AND CASTING OF STEEL AND ALLOYS IN FOUNDRY PRODUCTION." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (April 6, 2018): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2018-1-28-33.

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The article deals with the issues of complex technology and equipment for refining and casting steel and alloys in the foundry industry. Solutions are given that make it possible to guarantee a reduction in nonmetallic inclusions in the melt, as well as to solve a number of other related problems of foundry production, such as the introduction of a bottom blowing melt system with an inert gas; the introduction of protection of the metal stream from secondary oxidation; lining the arch of an electric arc furnace, etc. Various types of products and equipment produced by NPP Vulkan-TM are shown: blowing bottom plugs and assemblies, metering nozzles, gas-dynamic protection of the metal stream from secondary oxidation, two-arm wire-feeding machine mod. TAP 2–1 with unwinding device.Advantages of the equipment for steel casting and extra-furnace steel processing are described.

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15

Yang, Da Chun. "Influence of Casting Process for Technological Yield of Thin Wall Steel Castings by Last Solidifying Feeding Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1134.

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For the steel castings which is thin wall, uniform thickness, complex structure, and no special mechanical properties, it is feasible that the foundry technology was designed according to the last solidifying feeding mechanism. Adopting this process for the thin wall steel castings, the pouring temperature must be controlled and the gating system be designed rationally. Using self-feeding shrinkage in solidification, and the casting was poured and congealing at the same time. The shrinkage of finally congealing part was fed by small riser or gating system (no riser). Using this foundry technology, the casting process yield and surface quality of casting may be improved, the production cost is reduced, and the requirements of mechanical properties can be met.

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Aurangzeb, N., S. Nisa, Y. Bibi, F. Javed, and F. Hussain. "Phytoremediation potential of aquatic herbs from steel foundry effluent." Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 31, no. 4 (December 2014): 881–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-6632.20140314s00002734.

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Bernard, Edward, and Gajanan Shankarrao Patange. "Productivity improvement through identifying hazardous conditions in steel foundry." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 872 (June 27, 2020): 012091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/872/1/012091.

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18

Škvára, František, František Kaštánek, Ivona Pavelková, Olga Šolcová, Ywetta Maléterová, and Petr Schneider. "Solidification of waste steel foundry dust with Portland cement." Journal of Hazardous Materials 89, no. 1 (January 2002): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(01)00294-1.

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19

He, Bin Feng. "Application of View Cast Software in Foundry Technique Designing." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 572–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.572.

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Taking large scale steel casting for example; View Cast software was introduced to the designing process of the large scale steel casting technique. Solidification results show that the annular pop gate is beneficial to the casting. The side risers are used but it cannot eliminate the shrinkages because of the limited feeding distance according to the simulation results. So a top riser replaced it and some chills are used in the necessary regions. The results show that the new feeding system can help to progressive solidification and the shrinkages are eliminated. The temperature distribution is very clearly and the solidified part of casting is transparent which improved the visible effect and made it easy to read. People can estimate the shrinkage position easily.

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20

Vdovin, K. N., N. A. Feoktistov, D. A. Gorlenko, O. A. Nikitenko, and D. D. Khamidulina. "INOCULATION OF HIGH MANGANESE STEEL CASTINGS USING TITANIUM CARBONITRIDE." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 3 (June 20, 2019): 188–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-3-188-194.

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The article is devoted to study of the process of mold inoculation of high manganese steel castings using titanium carbonitride. Introduction considers basic principles, alloying and inoculation of casting alloys. Review of the papers on this topic made by native and foreign researchers was given. Conclusions were made on the materials presented in the studied papers, goals and tasks for studies were formed. Besides, in this part of the article relevance of the conducted researches was substantiated as well as practical significance for casters. The second part of the article describes routine of experiments. Materials involved when conducting experimental works were considered in details: charge materials, treatment agent, materials for foundry molds. Besides, there are also described the way to receive experimental cast products, methodology to determine thermal conditions for forming experimental models in foundry mold and regimen of thermal treatment. Herewith, methodology for conducting metallographical test was considered. The third part of the article mentions the results received during carrying out experimental works on mold inoculation using fine titanium carbonitride powder of high manganese steel castings. Influence of inoculation on the level of performance properties expressed via coefficients of abrasive wear and wear striking resistance was considered as well as change of the indicated peculiarities in relation to not inoculated alloy was evaluated. Besides, results of metallographical tests were given which allowed to substantiate change of the performance properties level of high manganese steel. Influence of thermal conditions of forming cast products was also evaluated, in particular speed of alloy cooling in foundry mold on the level of performance properties of inoculated high manganese steel. In final part of the article conclusions on the results of conducted researches were made as well as manufacturing recommendations were given for practical implementation of the work results to increase the level of performance properties of high manganese steel. Besides, recommendations on the most reasonable expenditure of titanium carbonitride powder ensuring receipt of the necessary characteristics of microstructure and as a consequence, increase of the level of performance properties were given.

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Tymoshenko, A., V. Lihoshva, O. Shmatko, O. Pelikan, and R. Likhatskyi. "Technological features of the combined foundry-induction method of producing three-layer castings." Casting processes 150, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/plit2022.04.034.

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The technological features of developed casting-induction method for obtaining threelayer «cast iron-steel-cast iron» castings were studied. The specified method consists in the use of induction heating of a steel billet with a high-frequency electromagnetic field in the casting process for obtaining three-layer products. The paper represents mathematical modeling results of temperature fields distribution under the action of electromagnetic fields on a steel workpiece. The main regularities of steel billet temperature changes depending from the current level and heating time have been established. As a result of simulation modeling, the technological parameters of the steel workpiece heating and cooling process were determined, as well as the pouring of the melt during the production of three-layer castings. Obtained dependences between temperature of the poured melt and temperature of the workpiece are necessary to ensure a high-quality connection between the steel inner part and working layer made of cast iron. The results of the experimental testing confirmed the adequacy of the mathematical modeling of the thermal state of the workpiece, as well as the effectiveness of using the developed combined casting-induction method for obtaining three-layer castings. Keywords: induction casting method, induction heating, simulation modeling, three-layer casting, electromagnetic field, melt.

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Mi, Guo Fa, Li Lin Chen, and Hong Yan Nan. "Application of Numerical Simulation on Cast-Steel Axle’s V-Method Foundry." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 576–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.576.

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The V-method foundry is an advanced casting technology compared with traditional sand casting. The Pro/E software was used to generate three-dimensional model of cast parts. The solidification process of the automotive axle casting with V-method foundry was simulated by the numerical simulation software, ViewCast. The location and scale of the shrinkage defects caused by the original process were predicted. According to the simulation results, the position of the flange round cooled too fast, which blocked the feeding passage of the round near sprue. The reason was that solidifying sequence was unperfected. The casting process was optimized by means of adding runner and chill. Progressive solidification can be obtained and the shrinkage defects can be eliminated or transferred by the improved technology. The reasonable casting process was obtained and the process has been proofed by the productive practice.

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23

Chen, Shikun, and Tim Kaufmann. "Development of Data-Driven Machine Learning Models for the Prediction of Casting Surface Defects." Metals 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12010001.

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This paper presents an approach for the application of machine learning in the prediction and understanding of casting surface related defects. The manner by which production data from a steel and cast iron foundry can be used to create models for predicting casting surface related defect is demonstrated. The data used for the model creation were collected from a medium-sized steel and cast iron foundry in which components ranging from 1 to 100 kg in weight are produced from wear and heat resistant cast iron and steel materials. This includes all production-relevant data from the melting and casting process, as well as from the mold production, the sand preparation and component quality related data from the quality management department. The data are tethered together with each other, the information regarding the identity and number of components that resulted in scrap due to the casting surface defect metal penetrations was added to the dataset. Six different machine learning algorithms were trained and an interpretation of the models outputs was accomplished with the application of the SHAP framework.

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Dańko, R., M. Holtzer, and J. Dańko. "Investigations of Physicochemical Properties and Thermal Utilisation of Dusts Generated in the Mechanical Reclamation Process of Spent Moulding Sands." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0051.

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AbstractThe after reclamation dusts originated from various foundry plants, applying moulding sands with organic binding agents, mostly resins, are characterised by different properties in dependence of the used binders, reclamation systems, spent sands overheating degree and the efficiency of the system dedusting the reclaimed material operating in individual foundry plants.In the article the results of investigations of physicochemical properties and thermal utilisation possibility referring to six kinds of after reclamation dusts generated in the mechanical reclamation process of spent moulding sands with furfuryl resins and six other kinds of after reclamation dusts obtained from reclamation process of spent moulding sands with alkaline resins have been presented. All tested dusts originated from various Polish foundry plants of cast iron and cast steel applying the mechanical reclamation process of moulding sands with resins, obtained from different producers.

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Johnson, A., C. Y. Moira, L. MacLean, E. Atkins, A. Dybuncio, F. Cheng, and D. Enarson. "Respiratory abnormalities among workers in an iron and steel foundry." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 42, no. 2 (February 1, 1985): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.42.2.94.

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Hamilton, Ian W., and Nigel M. Sammes. "Encapsulation of steel foundry bag house dusts in cement mortar." Cement and Concrete Research 29, no. 1 (January 1999): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-8846(98)00169-0.

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Logan, Terry J., and Billie J. Lindsay. "USE OF SPENT STEEL CASTING FOUNDRY SAND IN MANUFACTURED TOPSOIL." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2005, no. 9 (January 1, 2005): 6057–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864705783815276.

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Liutyi, Rostyslav, Ivan Petryk, Volodymyr Mogylatenko, Vasyl Popovych, and Halyna Shatska. "Research Thermal Fields in the Crystallization Process of Steel Cast Parts." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (December 5, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7331866.

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In foundry production, the duration of metal crystallization of the cast part, as well as the distribution of the thermal field, are described by systems of analytical equations. There are a number of methods for modeling these processes, but their theoretical basis was formed at the end of the twentieth century, and it needs to be updated and clarified. Therefore, the aim of our work is to develop a new analytical method for researching the distribution of thermal fields in cast parts during crystallization. For the first time, on the basis of own analytical and thermophysical developments, it developed the analytical method for researching the thermal field of the casting during crystallization and cooling, which is based on establishing the kinetics of cooling of the casting surface in the foundry mold, the advancement of the crystallization front from the surface to the center of the casting, and the distribution of temperatures in the solid and liquid parts of the casting. The method is expressed in a number of analytical formulas, each of which describes the specific thermal process that occurs in the casting. The developed analytical method was used to research the crystallization of the casting in a one-time sand mold, using the example of researching the thermal field of the cast part made of carbon steel with 0.25% C, hollow cylindrical shape, with the wall thickness of 100 mm. The developed analytical method for researching the thermal fields of cast parts is the analytical basis for the refinement of applied computer programs for modeling crystallization and cooling processes in foundry production.

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Hayajneh, Mohammad, Mohammad D. AL-Tahat, Salman Alshobaki, and Walid Khraisat. "An Investigation for the Potential of Improving the Performance of Pattern Making Process in Steel Foundries: Case Study." Applied Mechanics and Materials 575 (June 2014): 900–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.575.900.

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This paper aims to examine the opportunities for possible improvement of the systems of pattern design and manufacturing, as well as the processes of casting design and technology in steel foundries. Solving these problems will improve the casting quality, and it will also standardize the work in one of the major bottlenecks in the production of steel casting. One big Jordanian foundry is selected as a case study. The foundry is referred to as GAZAL throughout this paper. A detailed flow process chart for the pattern making process with standardized times is developed, then possible improvements to the process are proposed. Several important milestones were developed and documented, among that; the development of a complexity classification and coding scheme of 6 levels to classify the products that GAZAL produced based on several criteria’s; the development of a mathematical model that relate the production time of the pattern with the complexity level. Finally conclusions are presented at the end of the paper.

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Dyer, Paulo Paiva, Silvelene Alessandra Silva, Luis Miguel Gutierrez Klinsky, Gustavo Lauer Coppio, and Maryangela Geimba De Lima. "Waste foundry sand characterization as paving aggregate." TRANSPORTES 29, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 148–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/transportes.v29i1.2241.

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Waste Foundry Sands (WFS) are by-products of the steel industry due to the foundry process. The residual material can be used in civil construction as an aggregate because of its mineral origin. This paper aimed to characterize the WFS obtained at two sources, using laboratory tests that are regularly required in highway engineering specifications. The laboratory program showed that the tests results satisfy the main specifications in Brazil. Laboratory tests results also show that WFS has characteristics that are similar to the manufactured sand that is usually used in asphalt pavement construction. It is concluded that the WFS could be used in asphalt pavement projects, as a subgrade reinforcement, sub-base or base layer and in asphalt wearing courses.

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Wang, Xin Jie. "Research and Application of Lost Foam Technology of Goods Train Low-Carbon Alloy Steel Casting." Advanced Materials Research 284-286 (July 2011): 2340–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.284-286.2340.

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Apply an organic whole technological medium of computer aided three dimensions design 、computer aided solidification process numerical value simulation engineering ＆ computer aided numerical control programming manufacturing, by means of optimization product pattern structure、foundry processing parameters 、die auxiliary equipment and tool、riser gating system ＆ die cavity numerical control cutter location source file , the type of Z8A goods train low-carbon alloy adapter lost foam casting has been under development .Compare lost foam technology to ordinary sand mold casting ,the casting monomer weight lightened 3kg , grade of casting weight precision come to MT7 , grade of casting size precision come to CT8 ,foundry processing yield come to 65% ；Casting defects easily appeared in the course of large quantities production has been analysed ＆ offered solution methods in this article.

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Potianikhin, Dmitrii A., and Oleg N. Komarov. "Mathematical Model of Iron Reduction with Aluminothermic Method." Advanced Materials Research 1040 (September 2014): 484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1040.484.

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Utilization of industrial waste in foundry engineering is one of approaches for decrease of production cost price. This technological process may be based on exothermic oxidation-reduction reaction with the resulting formation of iron from dross. Initial charge mixture consists of dispersed aluminum, iron dross and admixtures. This paper is concerned with mathematical modeling of thermite steel production. Presented model takes into account thermal, mechanical and kinetic processes occurring in aluminothermic method of steel melt production.

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Lazarenkov, A. M., M. A. Sadokha, and A. A. Novik. "Working conditions at workplaces in finishing operations departments of foundries." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (March 13, 2023): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2023-1-138-142.

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The working conditions at the workplaces of foundry workers when performing finishing operations, production factors determining them are considered. The results of studies of the parameters of the working conditions of the considered professions of foundry workers in comparison with the standard values are presented. It has been established that in a comprehensive assessment of the working conditions of foundries working in the department of financial operations, it is necessary to take into account the duration of stay at the working equipment, the equipment and hand tools used, the type of alloy being smelted (steel, cast iron, non‑ferrous metals) and the nature of production.

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MAILAR, Gireesh, Sujay Raghavendra N., Parameshwar HIREMATH, Sreedhara B. M., and Manu D. S. "SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF DISCARDED FOUNDRY SAND AND CRUSHED BRICK MASONRY AGGREGATE IN THE PRODUCTION OF LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE." Engineering Structures and Technologies 9, no. 1 (March 27, 2017): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029882x.2017.1279987.

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Nowadays, there is a considerable shortage in the availability of river sand and natural stone aggregate for the construction activities all around the globe and the way out is being worked out by the use of discarded foundry sand and crushed brick masonry aggregate for construction purposes. In the present study, river sand was partly replaced by the discarded foundry sand procured from steel moulding industries and the crushed brick masonry aggregate was used as coarse aggregate for the production of lightweight concrete. The experimental program involved casting of six distinct mixes with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% & 100% replacement of fine aggregate by discarded foundry sand. The mechanical and durability properties of the lightweight concrete were assessed for each of the six diverse blends. Even though the 80% and 100% replacement mixes were found to be less dense than the rest of the mix, the blend of 40% replacement acquired desirable mechanical and durability properties when compared to that of all other mixes. The optimum replacement level of the discarded foundry sand by mass to the river sand was 40%. The lightweight concrete produced by utilizing crushed brick masonry aggregate and discarded foundry sand (40% substitution level) can be employed in all major structural lightweight construction aspects and is ideally suited for sloped roof slabs and making architectural or decorative concrete blocks.

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Bussolesi, Micol, Giovanni Grieco, Alireza Eslami, and Alessandro Cavallo. "Ophiolite Chromite Deposits as a New Source for the Production of Refractory Chromite Sands." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (August 31, 2020): 7096. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12177096.

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Chromite foundry sands, mixed with binding resins, are employed in the industry to form molds for high demanding casting of metals and steel. As there is no substitute, these sands highly contribute to placing chromium at the top value of the economic importance parameter in the EU classification of critical raw materials. Finding new sources to produce these sands can contribute to lowering its criticality. Chromite foundry sands must meet strict quality parameters, referred to as Cr2O3 content, Fineness Index, SiO2 content, and Acid Demand. The foundry chromite market is dominated by South Africa production deriving from layered intrusion chromite deposits. Chromite sands from ophiolite chromite deposits, normally used for the metallurgical-grade chromite market, were tested as an alternative starting raw material to produce chromite foundry sands. The study of the silicate impurities assemblage showed that its mineralogy strongly affects the result of the most crucial parameter, the Acid Demand. Ophiolite chromite with serpentine impurities should be depurated to a hardly affordable 0.31% SiO2 content to meet Acid Demand quality threshold, due to high reactivity of this silicate with the acid environment of the test. Those with olivine impurities require to be depurated to a much more easily affordable 2.11% SiO2 content. As a result, ophiolite chromite with an olivine dominated silicate assemblage can be used as an alternative source of chromite foundry sands.

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Shin, Shun Myung, Dong Won Lee, Sang An Ha, and Jei Pil Wang. "Study of Cyclic Oxidation for Copper Removal from Solid Ferrous Scrap in End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV)." Advanced Materials Research 699 (May 2013): 869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.699.869.

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Iron and steel scrap have been reused to produce new steel and cast iron in the steelmaking and foundry industry for more than 150 years, but the accumulation of tramp elements contained in steel scrap such as copper, tin, antimony, and arsenic is a major concern. This is primarily because these tramp elements are difficult to remove in conventional steelmaking processes. In particular, the presence of copper during the recycling of steel scrap can cause severe surface cracking during hot rolling (hot shortness), inhibit recrystallization during hot forming, and reduce ductility in deep drawing. For these reasons, considerable efforts have been made in recent decades to develop a technology that can remove copper from ferrous scraps[1-3].

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Carpenter, Ryan, Ross Hatton, and Ravi Balasubramanian. "Evaluation of linear and revolute underactuated grippers for steel foundry operations." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 42, no. 4 (June 15, 2015): 314–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-01-2015-0004.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop an automated industrial robotic system for handling steel castings of various sizes and shapes in a foundry. Design/methodology/approach – The authors first designed a prismatic gripper for pick-and-place operations that incorporates underactuated passive hydraulic contact (PHC) phalanges that enable the gripper to easily adapt to different casting shapes. The authors then optimized the gripper parameters and compared it to an adaptive revolute gripper using two methods: a planar physics based quasistatic simulation that accounts for object dynamics and validation using physical prototypes on a physical robot. Findings – Through simulation, the authors found that an optimized PHC gripper improves grasp performance by 12 per cent when compared to an human-chosen PHC configuration and 60 per cent when compared to the BarrettHand™. Physical testing validated this finding with an improvement of 11 per cent and 280 per cent, respectively. Originality/value – This paper presents for the first time optimized prismatic grippers which passively adapt to an object shape in grasping tasks.

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Tharr, Dawn, C. Eugene Moss, and Donald Booher. "Case Studies: Assessment of Nonionizing Radiation Exposure at a Steel Foundry." Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 9, no. 7 (July 1994): 465–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047322x.1994.10388353.

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Andrés, A., I. Ortíz, J. R. Viguri, and A. Irabien. "Long-term behaviour of toxic metals in stabilized steel foundry dusts." Journal of Hazardous Materials 40, no. 1 (January 1995): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3894(94)00078-u.

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Maj, M., J. Werrtz, and J. Piekło. "Environmental Protection Versus Foundry Engineering Practice." Archives of Foundry Engineering 17, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2017-0075.

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Abstract • Theory and practice of environmental protection in the case of foundries in Europe and Asia • Experience resulting from the cooperation with the foundries in a few European countries, China and India • Phenomena and factors affecting the pollution of the natural environment and the implementation of measures aiming at the environmental protection. Every specialist dealing with foundry processes and their impact on environmental pollution must have encountered in their professional careers numerous situations in which the theory of environmental protection confronts the stark reality. The discrepancy between theory and practice can particularly be noticed in foundry engineering in developing countries where the contrasts between different countries and casting plants are extremely striking. The comparison of working conditions in European and Asian foundries provides a vast scope for further observations and analyses. Environmental protection seems not only a concern of manufacturers of castings, but also of their customers whose opinion exerts a significant influence on both the acceptability of working conditions and on the approach to environmental pollution adopted in metal casting industry. The article presents a number of examples of various outlooks on environmental issues in foundries manufacturing a wide range of cast steel and cast iron castings, where different technologies and production processes are applied.

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Holtzer, M., A. Kmita, S. Żymankowska-Kumon, A. Bobrowski, and R. Dańko. "Influence of the Hardener on the Emission of Harmful Substances from Moulding Sands with Furan Resin in the Pyrolysis Process." Archives of Foundry Engineering 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2016-0012.

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Abstract The furan resin offers advantages such as high intensity, low viscosity, good humidity resistance and is suitable for cast different casting alloys: steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metal casting. For hardening furan resins are used different hardeners (acid catalysts). The acid catalysts have significant effects on the properties of the cured binder (e,g. binding strength and thermal stability) [1 - 3]. Investigations of the gases emission in the test foundry plant were performed according to the original method developed in the Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH UST. The analysis is carried out by the gas chromatography method with the application of the flame-ionising detector (FID) (TRACE GC Ultra THERMO SCIENTIFIC).

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Michlowicz, Edward. "LOGISTICS WASTE UTILIZATION SYSTEM IN THE STEEL PLANT." Archives of Transport 32, no. 4 (December 31, 2014): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/08669546.1147000.

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An important problem associated with the production of steel products is the need to ensure adequate protection of the environment. Throughout the technological foundry formed about 90 types of waste, while a significant number of them belongs to a group of hazardous waste. Resulting in the production system have a steel mill waste utility value to justify the economic and ecological use, not only in the steel sector but also in other sectors of the economy. There is a need to increase activities related to environmental waste management from manufacture of steel, particularly those whose development is one way of storage. The paper presents the concept of reverse logistics in the specific example of a steel mill a full production cycle and the overall costs generated within the waste management system of a full production cycle steel mill.

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Gnatush, V. "THE WORLD MARKET OF METAL CASTINGS 2019―2021: COUNTRIES, ALLOYS, TECHNOLOGIES." Casting processes 152, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 56–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.02.056.

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The analysis of the world market of metal castings in 2019–2021 is presented. Due to the fact that as of January 2022 the publication of the world statistics of the production of metal castings did not take place, an analysis of information was carried out regarding the results in the countries that are part of the global Top-10. Among them are China, India, USA, Germany, Japan, Turkey and Brazil. It is noted that in 2021 in China, 54.05 million tons of castings were produced, which is 4.0% more than in 2020. In terms of cast alloys: gray cast iron (share 41.7%), cast iron with nodular graphite (29.5%), aluminum and magnesium alloys (13.3%) and steel (12.2%). In India, the export of metal castings in terms of value for the period from 2016/2017 financial year (FY) to 2020/2021 F. increased from 2.366 to 2.865 billion USD, i.e. with a CAGR of 3.9%. In the USA for the period from 2013 to 2019 the income of the foundry industry increased from 38.7 to 44.3 billion USD, that is, with an average annual growth rate (CAGR) of 1.9%. Under the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the slowdown of the economy in 2020. industry revenue decreased to USD 36.7 billion (-17.1% vs. 2019). However, in 2021 the situation improved somewhat ― 43.4 billion USD (18.3% against 2020). In Germany, the production of castings from ferrous metal alloys (gray cast iron, with nodular graphite, malleable and steel) in 2021. amounted to 3.2 million tons, which is 16.4% more than in 2020. At the same time, for the period 2019-2021 production of the specified castings decreased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of -6.0%, and their export ― by -7.0%. In Japan, as a result of the changing economic situation in the world, which was formed after 2019, the production of castings during 2019-2021. is characterized by a downward trend. The production of castings from copper alloys decreased with an average annual rate (CAGR) of -5.6%, castings from aluminum alloys ― -5.1% and castings from iron alloys ― -1.5%. In Turkey in 2021 1.108 million tons of nodular cast iron castings (by 29.6% vs. 2020), 0.921 million tons of gray iron castings (by 49.1%) and 0.279 million tons of steel castings (by 45, 4%). In general, during 2019–2021 the production of castings from ferrous metal alloys in the country increased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of 9.9%. In Brazil, in 2021, foundry enterprises produced 2.5 million tons of castings, which is 21.1% higher than in 2020. At the same time, the production of castings from cast iron increased by 25.5%, from non-ferrous metal alloys ― by 7.0%, and steel ― by 3.9%. In general, during 2019–2021 the production of castings in the country increased at an average annual rate (CAGR) of 3.1%. The presented data indicate that in 2021 the global foundry industry developed in a positive trend. Estimated global production of castings from ferrous and non-ferrous metals by the end of 2021. may amount to 109.2...118.5 million tons against 105.5 million tons in 2020. However, as a result of the war between Russia and Ukraine, a number of negative factors have arisen that will cause a slowdown in foundry production in 2022–2023. The review also presents information about the world’s leading foundry companies, as well as examples of the use of 3-D printing in foundry production in the United States and Great Britain.

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Li, Gang, Jing She Li, Shu Feng Yang, Yan Jie Wang, and Nai Song Li. "Study on the Cleanliness of 316L Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.881.

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The process of three-phase electroslag furnacefoundry casting  electroslag remelting was used to produce 316L stainless steel ultra-fine wires with a diameter of 0.018mm. Breakage of the wire often occurs during drawing process due to the existence of inclusions in the steel. In order to improve the cleanliness of 316L steel, the deoxidizer and top slag composition were optimized by industrial trials in this production process. As a result, the total oxygen (T.O.) content decreased from 120 ppm to 57ppm. During the electroslag remelting process, the composition of electroslag and the power supply were optimized. Argon protection was used and electrode was washed by acid solution before refining. Finally, the T.O. in the remelting ingot can be controlled below 20 ppm.

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Soiński, M. S., P. Kordas, and K. Skurka. "Trends in the Production of Castings in the World and in Poland in the XXI Century." Archives of Foundry Engineering 16, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2016-0017.

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Abstract The paper presents data concerning the total production of castings over the 2000-2014 period, both on a global scale, and in Poland. The basic types of casting alloys were taken into account. Changes in the production volume and structure over the period of the analysed 15 years were pointed out with respect to countries leading in foundry production. The topmost position in the world foundry industry is held by China for several years (with almost 45% share in the foundry market), the second place is taken by India (with almost 9% share). A distinct reduction in the shares of the once significant producers of castings, such as USA, Japan, Germany, Russia, Italy, or France, was observed over the 2000-2014 period. Poland had a share of 1.16% in 2000, and of 1.02% in 2014. Comparing the detailed data concerning the years 2000 and 2014, one can see that the fractions of castings made of ductile iron, cast steel, aluminium alloys, or magnesium alloys increase on a global scale, while such alloys as grey cast iron or malleable are in decline.

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Kaliuzhnyi, P., and O. Shinsky. "Determination of the duration of forced cooling of castings in containers on foundry rotary-conveyor lines." Casting processes 151, no. 1 (March 2, 2022): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.01.035.

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The article is devoted to the developing of a methodology for determining the duration of the technological cycle of cooling castings during the aerodynamic movement of dispersed refractory in containers of foundry rotary-conveyor lines. The use of rotary-conveyor lines is an effective solution for increasing the productivity of foundry technologies. To comply with the principles of construction of rotary-conveyor lines, the cooling time of castings in a mold, as one of the longest technological processes, must be minimized. This can be achieved by forced cooling of castings using the aerodynamic movement of dispersed refractory in the foundry container. As an example of the implementation of this method on a foundry rotary-conveyor line, the sequence of technological operations on the cooling module is described. Based on thermodynamic calculations, an expression for determining the time of forced cooling was obtained, which depends on the thermophysical and geometric characteristics of the casting, the heat transfer coefficient and the temperature pressure on the surface of the casting. An example of calculating the time of forced cooling of steel castings is given. It is shown that when applying the aerodynamic movement of dispersed refractory in the container, the cooling time of the castings to the knocking temperature can be reduced by 6.6-7.5 times compared to the conventional cooling in the sand mold. By changing the airflow rate that liquefies the refractory, the forced cooling operation can be flexibly controlled for different castings that are produced on foundry rotary-conveyor lines. Keywords: casting, cooling time, dispersed refractory, temperature, rotary-conveyor line.

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Yurchenko, S. V. "Modern formula of quality. Foundry production and metallurgy." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 3 (October 16, 2019): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2019-3-89-92.

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The article describes the development of the open joint stock company «Belarusian Steel Works» – Management Company of Holding «Belarusian Metallurgical Company» (BMC) in the field of modern approaches and methods in quality management. The efficiency of their implementation at the BSW is evaluated.The activities of BSW in this field in 2019 are given. The result of the participation of BSW in the program of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the platform EсoVadis is shown.. Examples of application of methods by scientists with a world name and successful businessmen are given.The need described in use and the development of modern management methods at the state level in accordance with the instructions of the President of the Republic of Belarus and the «Complex of measures for 2016–2020 to encourage the introduction in the economy of advanced techniques and modern international systems of quality management in the economy» is shown.

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Ocheri, Cyril, A. D. Omah, C. N. Mbah, R. E. Njoku, N. A. Urama, C. W. Onyia, J. Ezeanyanwu, and S. M. Adam. "Spheroidal graphite iron production of furnace roof hangers." Journal of Advances in Science and Engineering 4, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37121/jase.v4i1.107.

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The wire rod mill of the Ajaokuta Steel Company Limited produces coils, wire rods and re-bars of different sizes. Without the furnace hangers, it will be difficult for the mill to continue to operate. This paper describes the production of furnace roof hangers that are required for re-heating furnace using the spheroidal graphite iron (SGI), highlighting the sand-casting process, charge calculation, and the chemical compositions. The facilities within the foundry shop of the steel company are used to produce furnace roof hangers. The available materials used for the casting of the hangers are the pig iron, scrap ends, foundry returns and magnesium. The process of production was performed through the reheating furnace for the heating of 120 m x 120 m x 120 m billets. One ton induction furnace of low frequency was used as the melting vessel. Also, 6 kg of magnesium was introduced in the ladle before the liquid metal was teemed into it. A Spectro analytical instrument was used to determine the chemical compositions of the materials before and after the casting processes. The analysis of the chemical compositions of produced sample of SGI are presented and discussed.

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Fernández-Olmo, Iñaki, Cristina Lasa, María Angeles Lavín, and Angel Irabien. "Modeling of Amphoteric Heavy Metals Solubility in Stabilized/Solidified Steel Foundry Dust." Environmental Engineering Science 26, no. 2 (February 2009): 251–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ees.2007.0226.

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Küthe, Fabian, C. Afrath, and Andreas Bührig-Polaczek. "Steels with Different Carbon Content for High Pressure Die Casting in Semisolid State." Solid State Phenomena 116-117 (October 2006): 708–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.116-117.708.

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Some excellent projects have been finished successfully since the last conference on the pre-industrial stage showing the great potential of thixoforming technology for steels [1][2]. Experiments presented in this paper on induction heating, process window and mould filling of three widely-used steel alloys offer an even greater field of application for industrial companies. In the past thin walled cutting tools and complex impellers made of cold working steel X210CrW12 were produced at the Foundry Institute [3][4]. Constitutive on this knowledge the field of applications is enlarged by research on two further steel alloys. Processing of 100Cr6 (roller bearing steel) and 42Cr4 (annealing steel) is challenging due to a decreasing window at a higher temperature level with decreasing carbon content. An exact procedure has been worked out to create new control programs for the induction heating unit. It is based on thermo-chemical calculations and delivers billets with feasible temperature distribution and well defined content of liquid phase. Material characterization is performed in a step-die (seven steps between 25 and 0.5mm), especially developed for demands of semi-solid casting. Mould filling capacity, micro structural evolution and mechanical properties are determined on each of the seven steps. For any reproducible process the knowledge of suitable system parameters is essential. To find the limits of the process window sensitive experimental parameters were changed systematically for each of the three steel alloys. In addition to tool temperature the process windows consist principally of content of liquid phase fs, piston velocity vP and pressure during freezing pfr. Characteristic differences appeared between the different steel grades. The thermal simulation was used to find functional dimensions for the gating system and to shorten process times. Simulation of tools system was used to estimate the additional thermal load induced by higher working temperatures. The abrasive wear at the offsets to the next steps was in the same order of magnitude for all examined steels. These results provide the opportunity for commercial steel grades to cast complex steel parts in high pressure die casting.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Steel Foundry'

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