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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Steel – Inclusions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Douglas, Brent A. "Nonmetallic inclusions in HSLA steel weldments." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27164.

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2

Gregg, John Martin. "Ferrite nucleation on non-metallic inclusions in steel." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/221878.

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3

Kuyucak, Selçuk. "Direct detection of non-metallic inclusions in molten iron." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63356.

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4

Ruoru, Ke. "Pitting corrosion on sulphide inclusions in stainless steel 316." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1988. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/847585/.

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Pits have been observed to initiate at certain inclusions in stainless steel, which affect the composition and properties of the passive film in that region. In this thesis, the VG MA500 high resolution scanning Auger microscope associated with Link EDX is used to investigate the surface chemistry of inclusion groups in stainless steel 316 relative to the bulk composition, before and after exposure to sodium chloride solution. The work demonstrates that careful control of experimental conditions allows the progress of initiation of pits to be observed systematically. The role of inclusions as

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5

Nakajima, Hidemasa. "On the detection and behaviour of second phase particles in steel melts." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75341.

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The behaviour of second phase particles in molten steel processing vessels was investigated, using the E.S.Z. (Electric Sensing Zone) method, in conjunction with aqueous modelling and molten steel systems.<br>1. Slag droplet entrainment/dispersion is an axisymmetric gas injection stirred system was investigated: A tank containing a water-olive oil simulation of stirred ladles of molten steel was used. Extensive numerical predictions of the oil (slag) droplet population distributions within the vessel were also carried out, and reasonable agreement with the experimental data achieved. Droplet d

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6

Hussain, I. "A comparison of the cleanliness of steels treated with calcium-silicon and magnesium." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234259.

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7

Deng, Zhiyin. "Study on the Interaction between Refractory and Liquid Steel Regarding Steel Cleanliness." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mikro-modellering, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-190071.

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The present thesis focuses on the interaction between refractory and liquid steel. The aim of this work is to understand the interaction behavior between refractory and liquid steel regarding steel cleanliness. The effect of different refractories on different inclusions in Al-killed steel was studied in a furnace. The sintering mechanism of filler sand were also investigated in laboratory. In the industrial trials, the attachments of different oxides on the walls of submerged entry nozzle (SEN) were discussed in the cases of high strength low alloy steel (HSLA) and ultra-low carbon steel (ULC

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8

Söder, Mats. "Growth and removal of inclusions during ladle refining." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-45.

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<p>The overall purpose of this thesis work has been to further our understanding of the growth and removal of inclusions in gas- and induction-stirred ladles. The primary focus has been on alumina inclusions. </p><p>Growth mechanisms were studied using data from fundamental mathematical models of gas- and induction-stirred ladles. The results showed the turbulence mechanism to be the most dominant in alumina inclusion growth. The dynamic growth and removal of inclusions in a gas-stirred ladle was studied using mathematical modelling. The model results showed concentration gradients of inclusio

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9

Tian, Chenguo. "On the removal of non-metallic inclusions from molten steel through filtration." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59991.

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Non-metallic inclusions in steel such as alumina, silicates, etc. are detrimental to many steel properties. Elimination of these inclusions has long been a major target in steelmaking.<br>In this investigation, attempts have been made to remove these non-metallic inclusions by passing the liquid steel through a ceramic filter. It was found that this approach is very effective for removing solid non-wetting inclusions such as alumina. It appeared that liquid silicates could also be removed to some degree.

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10

Dey, Arghya. "The effect of steel composition on the behaviour of inclusions during steelmaking." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.500451.

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11

Holman, Alan Edwin Lee. "Fatigue of a spring steel with varying levels of non-metallic inclusions." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1980.

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Plain specimens of two batches of the commercial spring steel BS 251A58 of nominally identical processing but significantly differing levels of non-metallic inclusion levels, have been tested in rotating bending. The data produced has been analysed against some recent methods for the prediction of fatigue properties in high strength materials containing defects. The materials tested were specifically selected for their disparate cleanliness levels, yielding specimens with differing inclusion distribution and maxima. The morphology of critical inclusions is identical between the two material ba

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12

Corrigan, Martin Robert. "The effect of nitrogen and inclusions on fracture and fatigue of steel." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2007. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19502/.

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The dynamic strain ageing behaviour of seven heats of C-Mn steel and an interstitial free steel has been examined from 20°C to 350°C, using slow strain rate tests (SSRT's) at strain rates of 2 x 10[-6] s[-1] and 2.67 x 10[-6] s[-1]. The steels were chemically analysed for the key elements, and additional specialised testing was carried out using internal friction to determine the free nitrogen and carbon content. The effects of temperature on the mechanical properties were investigated in detail. In agreement with previous studies, work hardening peaks, minima in ductility, and negativ

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13

Mazumdar, Dipak 1932. "Fluid flow, particle motion and mixing in ladle metallurgy operations." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72064.

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Extensive computer predictions have been carried out by the author to study flow, addition dispersion and particle motion during central gas injection into cylindrical vessels. In conjunction with numerical computations, experiments were conducted in a 0.30 scale water model of a 150 ton steel processing ladle, using a Froude number scaling criterion. Two typical gas injection configurations (i.e., conventional central injection and C.A.S. alloy addition procedure) were investigated.<br>Flow visualization studies were carried out using a suspended network of silken threads, mean velocity vecto

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14

Safa, Meer. "3D study of non-metallic inclusions by EEmethod and use of statistics for the estimationof largest size inclusions in tool steel." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-93770.

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The control of non-metallic inclusions is very important for the improvement of performance during the application of tool steel. This present study was performed to see the effect of changing of some process parameters during the vacuum degassing of the melt and how these changing parameters affects the characteristics of inclusions in tool steel. The main parameters that were changed during the vacuum degassing were the change of induction stirring, argon flow rate from both the plug 1 and 2 and different ladle ages for different heat. Electrolytic extraction method was used to observe the m

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15

Beskow, Kristina. "Formation and Chemical Development of Non-metallic Inclusions in Ladle Treatment of Steel." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3598.

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<p>The present study was carried out to investigate theformation and chemical development of non-metallic inclusionsduring ladle treatment of steel.</p><p>To begin with, an investigation of the deoxidation processand the impact of aluminium addition was carried out. For thispurpose, a new experimental setup was constructed. The setupallowed the examination of the deoxidation process as afunction of time by using a quenching technique. Preliminaryexperiments showed that homogeneous nucleation of alumina tookplace in the areas supersaturated with aluminium. Theseexperiments also showed that aggl

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16

Daly, Deryck C. "Infulence [sic] of inclusions on the ductile tearing resistance of AISI 303 stainless steel." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11186.

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17

Luo, Chunhui. "Modeling the behavior of inclusions in plastic deformation of steels." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3158.

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18

Riyahimalayeri, Kamrooz. "Slag, Steel, Ladle and Non-metallic Inclusions Equilibria in an ASEA-SKF Ladle Furnace." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Termodynamisk modellering, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102149.

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This study explores the possibility of prediction and modification of some of the physicochemical properties of non-metallic inclusions by considering top slag-steel-ladle equilibria in an ASEA-SKF ladle furnace. To test the reliability of an available computational thermodynamic computer program, the first sub project was done. It was concluded that LiMeS, an interface for Thermo-Calc, is a useful tool for slag-steel equilibrium calculations. The second sub project was set out to find some model/s that could calculate the most accurate oxygen activity of molten steel compared to the measured

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19

Safavi, Nick Arash. "A theoretical analysis of the interaction betweenpores and inclusions during the continuouscasting of steel." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Metallernas gjutning, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-174077.

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The possibility of cluster formation during solidication of steel is explored to explain structures that are seen on the fracture surface of the steel. A hypothesis is built that postulates porosities provide favourable locations for inclusions to agglomerate and form clusters. A thermodynamic model is constructed to describe precipitation of porosity and inclusions. Formation of inclusions follow a nucleation and growth mechanism. Porosities on the other hand are the product of pressure balance in the liquid. Motion of pores and inclusions is analysed based on the drag force and surface s

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20

Du, Hongying. "THE EVALUATION OF NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN CALCIUM-TREATED STEEL BY USING ELECTROLYTIC EXTRACTION." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191786.

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This study aims on characterization of non-metallic inclusions (oxides and sulfides) in steel with and without Calcium treatment. In this paper, the three-dimensional (3-D) investigation method of inclusions on film filter after Electrolytic Extraction (EE) of steel samples is applied on two different steel grades (280, 316L). Image analysis of non-metallic inclusions is carried out on Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images following with inclusion characteristic analysis. Steel samples with calcium treatment in the production process and reference samples was investigated and compared in d

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21

Isaksson, Henrietta. "Evaluation of 25 MHz Ultrasonic Testing for Detection of Non-Metallic Inclusions in Steel." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297638.

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Quantification of inclusions is important since it is correlated to the steel’s fatigue properties. One method that could be further developed for detection of inclusions in steel is ultrasonic testing (UST). The aim of this study is to investigate what type of inclusions, in terms of size, morphology and chemical composition, that can be detected with 25 MHz UST, and what type of inclusion that cannot be detected. This was done by firstly scanning 74 steel samples with 25 MHz UST, and then fatigue test the same samples until fracture. The inclusion that caused the fracture was then analysed w

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22

Collins, Sunniva Refsnes. "Forging effects on manganese sulfide inclusions as fatigue initiation sites in AISI 4140 steel." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1057696631.

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23

Jansson, Sune. "A study on molten steel/slag/refractory reactions during ladle steel refining." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-312.

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24

Kumar, Deepoo. "Development of a Reliable Kinetic Model for Ladle Refining of Steel." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2018. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1169.

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The advancement in computational thermodynamics can help researchers to test their hypotheses regarding complex steelmaking operations in a more quantified manner. The main aim of the current work was to use develop a kinetic model that can predict changes in steel, slag and inclusions during ladle refining and use this model as a tool to develop better understanding of the steelmaking process itself. The important reactions during ladle refining are: steel-refractory reaction, slag-refractory reaction, flotation of inclusions to slag, steel-inclusion reaction, steel-slag reaction and inclusio

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25

Hekkanen, Mikko. "Inclusion Rating of Clean Steels." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-7786.

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<p>The main part of this work has been a literature survey, reviewing scientifical reports forinformation on how steel cleanness is evaluated today, and also how the steel cleanness is related tothe fatigue performance of clean steels.</p>

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26

Tripathi, Nagendra. "A Study on the Population and Chemical Development of Non-Metallic Inclusions in the Tool-Steel Making Process." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3827.

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<p>The present work was to study the population and chemicalcharacterization of the inclusions at different steps of thetool steel making process based on industrial trialexperiments. The inclusion populations were found to increasewith ladle age (number of heats ladle being used) beforealuminium deoxidation and before casting. A substantialincrease in inclusion population was noticed after a certainladle age. The analyses of the steel samples from thesolidified ingot revealed a non-uniform distribution ofinclusions. The inclusion populations in the final productswere also found to increase wi

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27

Sjökvist, Thobias. "Influence of Ferrochromium and Ferromanganese Additions on Inclusion Characteristics of Steel." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3150.

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28

Zhiyue, Wan. "Application of some modern analytical techniques for investigations of non-metallic inclusions in steel samples." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231963.

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The non-metallic inclusions (NMI) have large influence on steel properties. Therefore, evaluation of inclusion size, number, composition and morphology by using modern analytical techniques are very important for control of steel production and steel quality. Three dimensional analysis method of electrolytic extraction is applied in this work. Metals are dissolved and undissolved inclusions are collected on the film filter. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) is applied to observe different non-metallic inclusions. Apart from electrolytic extraction, se

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29

Adolfi, Sofia. "Slag inclusion formation during solidification of steel alloys and in cast iron." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Materialvetenskap, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4371.

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30

Björklund, Johan. "A study of slag-steel-inclusion interaction during Ladle treatment." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Materials Science and Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4018.

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<p>The thesis is based on two supplements with two major objectives. In the first supplement equilibrium top slag-steel bulk and inclusions-steel bulk were investigated by comparison between calculated and measured oxygen activity values. This was done by applying different oxide activity models for slags combined with thermodynamic calculations. In the second supplement the inclusion composition is studied during the ladle refining process. The inclusion composition is related to top slag composition and other parameters during ladle</p><p>treatment.</p><p>The work was carried out by collecti

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31

Godon, Julie. "Influence of steel cleanliness on the wire drawing of hypereutectoid steel fine filaments." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R005.

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La fabrication de très fins filaments (60 µm de diamètre) d’aciers à haute teneur en carbone et à haute résistancereste un défi technologique. En effet, durant le tréfilage de ces filaments, des ruptures ont été observées limitantainsi l’obtention de bobines de grande longueur. Le but de cette étude en partenariat avec la société BEKAERTNV est de comprendre le rôle de la microstructure de l’acier, et plus précisément la propreté inclusionnaire, surl’occurrence des ruptures lors du tréfilage humide.Il est clairement montré que la rupture lors du tréfilage est essentiellement associée à la prése

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32

Bannister, S. R. "The effect of inclusions and matrix hardenability upon the microstructural development of carbon manganese steel weld metals." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378675.

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33

Amuzuga, Kwassi. "Damage mechanism related to plasticity around heterogeneous inclusions under rolling contact loading in hybrid bearings ceramic/steel." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI154.

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La durée de vie des pièces mécaniques en contact est fortement affectée par la présence d'hétérogénéités dans le matériau, comme des renforts (fibres, particules), des précipités, des porosités, ou encore des fissures. Des hétérogénéités dures et de formes complexes peuvent créer des surcontraintes locales, initiatrices de fissures par fatigue à proximité de la surface de contact. Une analyse quantitative des surcontraintes créées par les hétérogénéités est nécessaire à la compréhension des mécanismes d'endommagement. Cette étude s'applique à des roulements de ligne d'arbre qui font partie des

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34

Ånmark, Niclas. "Inclusion Characteristics and Their Link to Tool wear in Metal Cutting of Clean Steels Suitable for Automotive Applications." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Tillämpad processmetallurgi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-164875.

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This thesis covers some aspects of hard part turning of carburised steels using a poly‑crystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) cutting tool during fine machining. The emphasis is on the influence of the steel cleanliness and the characteristics of non‑metallic inclusions in the workpiece on the active wear mechanisms of the cutting tool. Four carburising steel grades suitable for automotive applications were included, including one that was Ca‑treated. A superior tool life was obtained when turning the Ca-treated steel. The superior machinability is associated with the deposition of lubricating

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35

Juneblad, Oscar. "Three-dimensional investigation of mangan sulfides in steels by using electrolytic extraction." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124127.

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36

Moraes, Luís Augusto Batista de. "Caracterização de macro e micro-inclusões em aços acalmados ao alumínio produzidos por lingotamento contínuo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-18112009-102050/.

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Neste trabalho foram estudadas 10 corridas em duas usinas siderúrgicas semi-integradas, de aço baixa liga para uso em construção mecânica. Em cada uma das corridas foram retiradas 9 amostras, cada uma ao final de uma etapa do processo de produção: após a remoção de escória na panela, antes da desgaseificação a vácuo, após a desgaseificação a vácuo, após a adição de arame de Al, após a adição de arame de CaSi, após a adição de arame de S, após o fim da turbulência no distribuidor no lingotamento contínuo, 30 minutos após o fim da turbulência no distribuidor no lingotamento contínuo, e 60 minuto

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37

Ånmark, Niclas. "Steel characteristics and their link to chip breaking and tool wear in metal cutting." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad processmetallurgi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187156.

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The vision of this thesis is to study how it is possible to obtain optimised workpieces during metal cutting processes in industry. Specifically, the work is aimed to increase the understanding between the steel characteristics and their link to the chip breaking and tool wear during metal cutting. The emphasis is on the influence of the cleanliness and the characteristics of non-metallic inclusions in the workpiece on the machinability of carburising steel grades. The machinability of a case hardening steel is improved by a M-treatment (additions of Ca). Also, the improved machinability of th

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38

Prasannavenkatesan, Rajesh. "Microstructure-sensitive fatigue modeling of heat treated and shot peened martensitic gear steels." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31713.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.<br>Committee Chair: David L. McDowell; Committee Member: G. B. Olson; Committee Member: K. A. Gall; Committee Member: Min Zhou; Committee Member: R. W. Neu. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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Alatarvas, T. (Tuomas). "Evolution of inclusion population in calcium treated ultra-high strength steels:novel applications of sample data treatment." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2018. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526220987.

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Abstract Non-metallic inclusions are unavoidable particles in steel and are often detrimental to the steelmaking process and the mechanical properties of the steel. While it is not feasible to remove all inclusions, in the well-established calcium treatment of aluminium-killed steel, solid aluminium oxides are transformed into less harmful liquid calcium aluminates. The main objective of this work was to develop a new inclusion identification and classification method. The presented method offers valuable information on phases of the inclusions. This data is often buried within simple inclusio

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Beckius, Fredrik, and Kevin Hartelius. "Kontrollerad gjutprocess för renare stål." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Maskinteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-24063.

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In a multi-year project at Swerea Swecast AB studies on influence of dissolved gas on inclusions have been made. The knowledge about these parameters could be used to increase the quality of the final steel casting. The purpose of this thesis was to closer examine the impact of the oxygen level on inclusions. The questions asked were:  What was the amount of inclusions at different levels of oxygen?  What was the size of these inclusions at different levels of oxygen?  What does the inclusions consist of at different levels of oxygen? This was studied by measuring and sampling, sample prepa

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Walters, Jon D. "Microchemical analysis of non-metallic inclusions in C-MN steel shielded metal arc welds by analytical transmission electron microscopy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1998. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA350613.

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42

Almansour, Mansour A. "Sulfide stress cracking resistance of API-X100 high strength low alloy steel in H2S environments." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/267.

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Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) resistance of the newly developed API-X100 High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steel was investigated in the NACE TM0177 "A" solution. The NACE TM0177 "A" solution is a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) saturated solution containing 5.0 wt.% sodium chloride (NaC1) and 0.5 wt.% acetic acid (CH3COOH). The aim of this thesis was to study the effect of microstructure, non-metallic inclusions and alloying elements of the X100 on H2S corrosion and SSC susceptibility. The study was conducted by means of electrochemical polarization techniques and constant load (proof ring) testing. Micr

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Ahlin, Björn, and Marcus Gärdin. "Automated Classification of Steel Samples : An investigation using Convolutional Neural Networks." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209669.

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Automated image recognition software has earlier been used for various analyses in the steel making industry. In this study, the possibility to apply such software to classify Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of two steel samples was investigated. The two steel samples were of the same steel grade but with the difference that they had been treated with calcium for a different length of time. To enable automated image recognition, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was built. The construction of the software was performed with open source code provided by Keras Documentation, thus e

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Janis, Jesper. "Inclusions and/or Particles Engineering for Grain Refining Purposes in Ferritic Fe-20mass%Cr alloys." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad processmetallurgi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-13012.

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Compared to more common used austenitic stainless steels, ferritic stainless steels contain very low amounts of the expensive alloying element Ni. In addition, they have good corrosion properties, but are sometimes suffering from poor weldability and bad mechanical properties. This is mainly due to the presence of large grains after casting and large grain growth during heat treatment or welding. Processes for reducing the grain size (grain refining) of metal alloys are widely known and proven before to be suitable for many alloys. A successful grain refining process can increase the strength

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45

Ragnarsson, Lars. "Formation of non-metallic inclusions and the possibility of their removal during ingot casting." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mikro-modellering, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12458.

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The present study was carried out to investigate the formation and evolution of non-metallic inclusions during ingot casting. Emphasize have been on understanding the types of inclusions formed and developed through the casting process and on the development of already existing inclusions carried over from the ladle during casting. Industrial experiments carried on at Uddeholm Tooling together with laboratory work and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. Ingots of 5.8 tons have been sampled and the types of inclusions together with their distribution within the ingot have been chara

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Doostmohammadi, Hamid. "A Study of Slag/Metal Equilibrium and Inclusion Characteristics during Ladle Treatment and after Ingot Casting." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11596.

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Today, there is a high demand on clean steel for high performance materialproperties. Thus, steel producers try to deliver a steel product with the highestquality and cleanliness to the market. The number of parameters that affect thesteel cleanliness may vary depending on the required material properties of thefinal product. However, the non-metallic inclusion characteristics represent one ofthe most important parameters. More specifically, the composition, size, numberand morphology affect steel cleanliness. In this work, selected parameters affectingthe inclusion characteristics were studie

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Guo, Shuo. "Evaluation of deformed MnS in different industrial steels by using electrolytic extraction." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217880.

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The inclusions have a different chemical composition and give the steel different mechanical properties. These inclusions affect several properties of steel. In order to understand how the inclusions will affect the steel properties, the electrolytic extraction of 3D investigate method is applied on the steel grade of 42CrMo4. Then follow with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observation. Steel samples from both ingot and rolling with and without heat treatment are observed and compared with different ratios. The result shown that, heat treatment can be applied for removing carbides successf

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Gjønnes, Anders Welde. "Effect of Sulfide Inclusions in Austenitic Stainless Steel on the Initiation of Pitting in Base Metal and Heat Affected Zone after Welding." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for materialteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19594.

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The predominant site for the initiation of pitting on austenitic stainless steel has been shown to be sulfide inclusions and notably the manganese types of sulfides. Dissolution of inclusions has been observed and suggested to be the initial step for pit initiation, though several explanations for the mechanisms causing initiation has been proposed. Regarding welded stainless steels, several microstructural changes have been described and suggested to contribute to the decreased corrosion resistance in the weld zone. An area which has not been investigated much is the contribution of inclusion

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Song, Minho. "A Study on the Correlation between Ladle Glaze and Non-Metallic Inclusions in the Ladle Treatment." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mikro-modellering, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27640.

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In the present thesis, the correlation between ladle glaze and non-metallic inclusions in the ladle treatment was studied. A number of industrial trials with full scale ladle and laboratory works were performed to investigate the inclusions in the ladle treatment. BaO was used as tracer in the ladle slag to investigate the effect of slag on inclusion composition and the formation of non-metallic inclusions by ladle glaze. BaO was detected in the inclusions of all followed heats. This observation showed strong evidence for the generation of non-metallic inclusions by the ladle glaze. The increa

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Zhong, Yuan. "Sub-grain structure in additive manufactured stainless steel 316L." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för material- och miljökemi (MMK), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-144519.

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The thesis focuses on exploring the sub-grain structure in stainless steel 316L prepared by additive manufacturing (AM). Two powder-bed based AM methods are involved: selective laser melting (SLM) and electron beam melting (EBM). It is already known that AM 316L has heterogeneous property and hierarchy structure: micro-sized melt pools, micro-sized grains, nano-sized sub-grain structure and nano-sized inclusions. Yet, the relation among these structures and their influence on mechanical properties have not been clearly revealed so far. Melt pool boundaries having lower amount of sub-grain segr

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