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Journal articles on the topic 'Steel pipe industry'
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1
Drake, Richard M., and Robert M. Walter. "Design of Structural Steel Pipe Racks." Engineering Journal 47, no. 4 (December 31, 2010): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.62913/engj.v47i4.991.
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Pipe racks are structures in petrochemical, chemical and power plants that are designed to support pipes, power cables and instrument cable trays. They may also be used to support mechanical equipment, vessels and valve access platforms. Pipe racks are non-building structures that have similarities to structural steel buildings. The design requirements found in the building codes are not clear on how they are to be applied to pipe racks. Several industry references exist to help the designer apply the intent of the code and follow expected engineering practices. This paper summarizes the building code and industry practice design criteria, design loads and other design consideration for pipe racks.
2
Fitkirana, Edwin, and Heru Arizal. "Perancangan Mesin Pembersih Pipa dari Oli Anticorit di PT. SPINDO Unit 6." Jurnal Mesin Nusantara 5, no. 2 (January 21, 2023): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29407/jmn.v5i2.18169.
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PT. Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia, Tbk. (SPINDO) is one of the industries engaged in the manufacture of steel pipes for various needs, ranging from furniture, construction, automotive, etc. In the process of making steel pipes, there is a special treatment to slow down the corrosion rate, one of which is by dipping the pipe into anticorit oil. Some of the customers asked for special treatment on the galvanized iron square pipe to be cleaned of anticoritic oil. The problems that occur in PT. SPINDO unit 6, namely the process of cleaning pipes from anti-rust oil is still carried out by wiping the pipe surface so it takes a long time, which is 30 seconds/pipe. The purpose of this design is to determine the components, engine working mechanisms, and designs used in pipe cleaning machines from anticorit oil. With this design, it is hoped that it can become an illustration in the manufacture of anticorit oil pipes for cleaning machines for the speed up process.
3
Ay, Mustafa, Selim Hartomacıoğlu, Mühendisi Murat Manav, and Şaban Saraç. "ÇELİK DİRSEK ÜRETİMİNİN SONLU ELEMANLAR ANALİZİ YÖNTEMİ İLE MODELLENMESİ VE ÜRETİM PARAMETRELERİNİN OPTİMİZASYONU." Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences 8, no. 16 (July 25, 2021): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.582.
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With the advancement of today's technologies, parts of pipe and elbow elements, natural gas pipelines, petrochemicals, machinery manufacturing industry, water distribution and flow systems, sewage systems, foundation piles, shipbuilding industry, nurse containers, aviation, space and defense industry, pipe networks, refineries , steel structures, tube and pipe engineering, etc. widely used in areas. In this study, extrusion method, which is one of the cold forming methods of elbow pipes, has been investigated. When the literature is examined, the production conditions of steel pipes and the problems that occur in production have been examined by different people and suggestions have been made. In this study, the production process of AISI 316L (EN 1.4404) quality stainless steel elbow pipes has been investigated. The mold design model created with the Solidworks program was transferred to the non-linear finite element analysis software ANSYS program for simulations. The process was modeled and simulated in the transient structural analysis section of the ANSYS program. In the process of transforming the pipe into an elbow product, we have learned about the stress distributions and obtaining the total deformation changes on the elbow. The parameters of the production process have been optimized by comparing the work done in the simulation and experimental data. In this way, cost-effective production is aimed by minimizing production costs. The data was extracted by simulating the production environment and conditions.
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Mamedov, A. T., A. I. Babaev, and N. Sh Ismailov. "Thermal strengthening of seamless steel pipes grades 13KhFA for oil and gas industry." SOCAR Proceedings, no. 1 (March 30, 2024): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5510/ogp20240100950.
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The present study focuses on grade 13KhFА steel alloyed with chromium and vanadium for the production of seamless pipes. The pipes were subjected to heat treatment throughout their body and along their entire length. They were fed individually into the furnace, end-to-end, consecutively. The heat treatment furnace was fueled by natural gas. Cooling of the pipes from the quenching temperature was achieved using water in a jet cooling multi-hole device (sprayer). This was followed by high self-tempering due to the heat retained after exiting the quenching furnace. Following quenching and high tempering, the structure of the 13KhFА steel on the surface of the pipe consisted of a mixture of ferrite and carbides with a granular carbide morphology (tempered sorbite). This structure enhances the corrosion resistance of the steel and provides an optimal combination of strength and toughness. The hardening temperature for seamless pipes made of 13KhFА steel was set within the range of 915–920 °C, while the tempering temperature was maintained at 720–730 °C. This careful selection of quenching and tempering temperatures within the specified limits makes it possible to obtain an improved structure of the 13KhFА steel. Keywords: pipe steel; thermal hardening; economically alloyed steel; regulatory standards; corrosion resistance.
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Aulia, Muthya Farah Nur, and Puji Lestari. "Gate-to-gate approach in life cycle assessment of steel pipe products." E3S Web of Conferences 485 (2024): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448501008.
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The iron and steel industry is of great strategic importance in Indonesia and is expected to continue its growth. One sector within this industry that is projected to see increased production is the steel pipe manufacturing sector. However, the significant emissions produced during steel pipe production have prompted many countries to seek ways to reduce these emissions. One such method is the implementation of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) technique, which assesses the environmental impact and serves as a valuable decision-making tool alongside other important methods. This approach aims to enhance sustainable production and consumption effectively and efficiently. In a specific case study, two types of steel pipe products were analyzed using LCA, focusing on various stages from material transportation to steel pipe production and delivery. The study assessed the environmental impact using the midpoint impact category, which includes factors like Global Warming Potential (GWP), Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP), Acidification Potential (AP), and Ecological Toxicity Potential (ETP) using the CML2001 characterization methods. The findings revealed that the production of SAWH pipes has a higher environmental impact in terms of GWP, AP, and POCP compared to HFW pipes, while HFW pipes had a greater ETP value. GWP was identified as the most significant potential impact for both products, with the pipeline production stage contributing the most to GWP. Overall, these results offer an initial understanding of the sustainability levels of steel pipe production, serving as a foundation for the development of pollution control measures to maintain the competitiveness of the industrial plant.
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Li, Wanling. "Improved Design of Steel Pipe Transfer Device Turnover Mechanism." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2133, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2133/1/012040.
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Abstract In the steel pipe manufacturing industry, the steel pipe manufacturing process is completed by multiple processes. And on the automatic production line, the transfer process between steel pipe working procedure is realized by the steel pipe transfer device. The unreasonable structural design of related parts in the steel pipe transfer device will result in the failure of the steel pipe transfer process to proceed smoothly, which will directly affect the normal operation of steel pipe production line, resulting in steel pipe productivity’s decrease and causing losses to steel pipe manufacturers. This article proposes an improved design method of the turnover mechanism of transfer device between steel pipe manufacturing processes.
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Stolbovy, V. O., L. M. Deineko, V. L. Pinchuk, L. S. Kryvchyk, and T. S. Khokhlova. "Use of wear-resistant coatings for strengthening pipe tools for the production of pipes by pressing from high alloy steel." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy 37 (2023): 490–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2023-37-490-504.
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In Ukraine, the production of pipes is one of the most important branches of industry. These are the oil, gas, food, chemical, machine-building, aviation, and construction materials industries. Pipes made of highly alloyed, corrosion-resistant steels are especially widely used. The process of producing steel pipes by pressing on hydraulic presses has become widespread. When pressed, the metal undergoes three-way compression, so it exhibits high plasticity, which is especially important for highly alloyed steels that are difficult to deform. In contrast to pipe rolling plants, it is possible to obtain pipes with a thinner wall and smaller diameter on presses, especially when reducing and calibrating mills are used on pipe pressing plants. The tube press tool is subject to intensive wear. According to the conditions of operation, press needles and matrices belong to a heavily loaded tool, since they are in contact with the metal being pressed. The possibility of obtaining a high coefficient of extraction during pressing is due to a favorable scheme of the stressed state of the metal in the process of deformation, as a result of which the metal undergoes large degrees of deformation without destruction. However, to implement the pressing process with a large amount of extraction, it is necessary to add a large pressure, regulated by the resistance of the metal to plastic deformation and the amount of friction force at the contact boundary of the deformed metal with the tool. Production of steel pipes by pressing is carried out on pipe press units with a vertical mechanical press (VMP) or with a hydraulic horizontal press (HGP). The working tool of pipe-profile presses works in conditions of high temperatures, impact and sign-changing loads, significant specific pressure, therefore the material for making the tool must have increased strength, viscosity, and heat resistance. When pressing pipes made of highly alloyed, corrosion-resistant steels, there is a low stability of the pipe tool, which requires frequent adjustments of the equipment and stops of the press. Conventional thermosetting technologies (hardening with tempering) do not provide sufficient properties of the pipe press tool. Therefore, the search for rational technologies of thermal strengthening and application of wear-resistant microstructural coatings significantly increases the operational properties and service life of the pipe press tool, which is confirmed by the results of industrial tests at the operating enterprises of Ukraine. The purpose of the work is to improve the strengthening technologies of the pipe tool for pressing pipes made of high-alloy steels, which are difficult to deform, and to study the patterns of structure formation in the metal of the main pipe press tool - matrix rings for pressing pipes on pipe press installations and their effect on the mechanical properties to improve the quality and performance of the tool.
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Pramono, Aditya, Heru Arizal, and I. Made Arsana. "Perancangan mesin packing pipa baja otomatis di PT Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia, Tbk." Jurnal Teknik Mesin Indonesia 17, no. 2 (October 22, 2022): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.36289/jtmi.v17i2.338.
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Pemanfaatan teknologi otomatis dalam proses packing pipa baja merupakan sebagian kecil dari pemanfaatan teknologi. Adanya bottle neck atau ketidakseimbangan proses bundling atau packing pipa karena masih dilakukan oleh tenaga manusia dengan kapasitas 3000 batang pipa per shift kerja. Mesin packing pipa yang dijual di pasaran memiliki dimensi yang tidak cocok dengan space ruangan di PT Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia, Tbk. Proses perancangan desain automatic mill pipe machine ini menggunakan metode identifikasi masalah, studi literatur, analisis kebutuhan, konsep desain, komponen-komponen mesin, dan perhitungan BEP investasi. Hasil dari perencanaan ini adalah didapatkan desain mesin dengan ukuran panjang 6500 mm, lebar 3852 mm, dan tinggi 1500 mm, menggunakan motor 1,5 Hp, 1000 Rpm. Hasil simulasi pembebanan menggunakan aplikasi Solidworks menunjukan nilai Yield Strength adalah 2,039e+008 N/m2. Batas maksimal loadnya adalah 2,9983e+007 N/m2, dan load minimumnya adalah 7,331e-004 N/m2, cycle time dari mesin packing ini adalah 5 menit. Batas maksimal dari beban pada simulasi di atas tidak lebih dari Yield Strength material galvanized steel, sehingga dikatakan aman untuk mengangkat 36 batang pipa dalam 1 kali bundling. Serta nilai Break Even Point dapat tercapai selama 6 bulan.
9
Yang, Xiaoyong, Shichun Chen, Qiang Feng, Wenhua Zhang, and Yue Wang. "Study on mechanical properties of titanium alloy drill pipe and application technology." E3S Web of Conferences 261 (2021): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126102021.
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With the increasing intensity of oil and gas field exploration and development, oil and gas wells are also drilling into deeper and more complex formations. Conventional steel drilling tools can no longer meet the requirements of ultra-deep, high-temperature and high-pressure wells. The paper first analyzes the advantages of titanium alloy drill pipe based on basic performance of titanium alloy drill pipe. The experimental results show that the basic properties of titanium alloy drill pipes meet the operating standards of the petroleum industry. Then the buckling performance of titanium alloy drill pipe and steel drill pipe is compared, the calculation results show that the buckling performance of titanium alloy drill tools is slightly lower than that of steel drill tools. Secondly, the maximum allowable buildup rate of titanium alloy drill pipe and steel drill tool is studied. The research shows that under the same condition of the drill pipe outer diameter, titanium alloy drill pipe can be used for a smaller curvature radius and greater buildup rate. This advantage of titanium alloy drill pipe makes it more suitable for short radius and ultra-short radius wells. Finally, taking a shale gas horizontal well as an example, with the goal of reducing drill string friction and ensuring drill string stability, a comparative study on the application of titanium alloy drill pipe and steel drill pipe is carried out. The results show that titanium alloy drill pipe has a wider application in the field, and is suitable for operations under various complex working conditions.
10
Mammadov, Arif, Agil Babaev, Nizami Ismailov, Mukhtar Huseinov, and Faiq Guliyev. "Identification of the nature of defects arising in the production of continuously cast pipe billets for the oil and gas industry." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 1 (124) (August 31, 2023): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2023.284387.
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The paper presents the results of studies of defects that occur in the production of continuously cast pipe blanks for the oil and gas industry. It is shown that the use of the technology of continuous casting of pipe billets in comparison with the traditional methods of pouring liquid steel into a mold has a number of advantages, among which is the high productivity of the technological process. However, it was noted that in many cases, an abnormally high degree of contamination with non-metallic inclusions is observed in the structure of the steel of continuously cast pipe billets. It was revealed that the largest inclusions are oxides of silicon and manganese. On the surface of the pipes, there are defects in the form of oxide spots, near which there are large non-metallic inclusions. On the surface of the oxide spot, the presence of iron oxides in the form of scale is found, which is a consequence of the secondary oxidation of the metal by air oxygen. A mechanism for the development of oxide spots and decarburized strips in pipe billets has been determined, which consists in the formation of defects in the form of scratches and cracks on the surface before rolling. These defects during heating for rolling lead to the oxidation of the metal and the formation of scale on the surface of the pipe blanks. The results of experimental studies on the development of recommendations for improving the quality of the initial metal of seamless pipes for the oil and gas industry are presented. The study of the microstructure of steel and the assessment of its contamination with non-metallic inclusions were carried out on optical and electron microscopes, and the mechanical properties of pipe blanks were studied by standard methods
11
Volák, Josef, and Zbynek Bunda. "Three Ways of Sampling and Fatigue Test Results of Steel P92." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.273.
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This paper describes the fatigue properties of the steel P92. This material is widely used in the energy industry, especially for pipes and pipe bends of supercritical steam turbines. Steel P92 is alloyed with 2 % of tungsten compared to steel P91. This increases a creep strenght of the material. It is possible to reduce wall thickness of the P92 pipe up to about 20%. Fatigue tests were carried out on standard samples and compared with SFT samples (Small Fatigue Test). Using the device SSam 2 made by company Rolce Royce, it is possible to gently remove a samples from energy component without power plant shutdowns. Consider these correlations, i tis possible to determine mechanical properties of the material from small amount of removed experimental material.
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Arviansyah, Naufan, Sumarji Sumarji, and Digdo Listyadi Setyawan. "PENGARUH BASIC SEDIMENT AND WATER TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI PIPA X52 DAN A53 PADA MEDIA OIL SLUDGE." ROTOR 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/rotor.v10i1.5141.
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This research have a purpuse to know corrosion rate in pipe X52 and A53 at oil sludge media caused BS and W. Corrosion is a damage of metal that occurs because reaction between metal with environtment and produce unwanted of corrosion product. Pipe X52 and A53 is a type of low carbon steel that use for fluid transportation system in industry. Oil sludge is a sediment of crude oil from main gathering storage and containing variouses elements. Oil sludge have a one of element is Basic Sediment and Water that is can make corrosion happen to distribution pipes. Measuring Method used in this research is weight loss method. The result of corrosion rate in Oil Sludge media containing 30,17% BS and W for pipe A53 is 1,64 x 10-2 mmpy and the result for pipa X52 is 2,47 x 10-2 mmpy. The result of corrosion rate in Oil Sludge media containing 60,67% BS and W for pipe A53 is 2,12 x 10-2 mmpy and for pipe X52 the result is 3,13 x 10-2 mmpy. The result of this research showed pipe A53 have more resistance than pipe X52. The corrosion is classified as uniform corrosion.
Keywords : A53, Weight Loss, Oil Sludge, X52.
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Kuppusamy, Chandra Sekhar, Saravanan Karuppanan, and Santosh S. Patil. "Buckling Strength of Corroded Pipelines with Interacting Corrosion Defects: Numerical Analysis." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 16, no. 09 (November 2016): 1550063. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455415500637.
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Pipelines in the oil and gas industry are prone to extensive internal corrosion which leads to premature failures. Furthermore, corrosion defects within certain proximity interact to reduce the overall strength of a pipe and are termed as interacting corrosion defects. Pipelines may also experience complex loadings due to geotechnical movements such as landslides and internal pressure. Therefore, an understanding of the behavior of corroded pipelines under multiple loadings is important for the safe operation of pipelines. Extensive literature review indicates that major design codes only consider the effect of interacting corrosion defects on the burst pressure of pipes, with less attention paid to the structural behavior of steel pipes under multiple loadings. Therefore, this study focuses on the effect of interacting corrosion defects of equal depth on the local buckling strength of X46 steel pipes using the finite element analysis (FEA). Results showed that the corrosion defects interact to reduce the overall buckling strength of the pipe. Furthermore, circumferentially aligned corrosion defects are more critical than axially aligned corrosion defects, due to the greater loss of material along the circumference of the pipe. Besides, the effect of interactions of corrosion defects on the buckling strength decreases as the internal pressure increases. Lastly, as the depth of the defects increases, their interactions become more severe, which can significantly reduce the overall buckling strength of the steel pipe.
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Wang, Xin Quan, Shi Min Zhang, Juan Liao, Ying Sheng Huang, and Chun Long Wang. "Experimental Research on Flexural Behavior of Precast Thin-Wall Steel and Spun Concrete Composite Pile." Applied Mechanics and Materials 590 (June 2014): 316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.590.316.
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The flexural load-bearing performance prototype test has been made on the precast thin-wall steel and spun concrete composite pile with a diameter of 1000 mm (TSC pile). The load deflection curve and pile deflection curve at each loading step have been obtained. The bending test results show that the deformation of large diameter TSC pile experienced elastic, elastic-plastic and plastic three phases under the load of bending moment, the damage of pile was caused by the tension stress of steel in tension zone exceeded the yield strength, which belongs to the ductile damage. As for the TSC pile ultimate flexural bearing capacity, the measured value agreed with the theoretical calculation value, which shows that the existing thin-wall centrifugal concrete filled steel tube structure ultimate flexural bearing capacity calculation theory and method is suitable for large diameter TSC pile. Preface Precast Thin-wall Steel and spun Concrete composite Pile (TSC pile) is in the use of type Q235B or Q345B plate (strip) pouring of concrete filled steel tube made of crimping forming and welding, the centrifugal casting[1]. The compressive strength of concrete is not less than 80MPa, with a new pile products bear large vertical load and horizontal load. Concrete pile has the characteristics of high compressive strength, flexural capacity is weak; While the flexural capacity of steel pipe pile is strong, has good plasticity, But easy buckling occurs when the axial compression, loss of compression capability. TSC pile is a steel - concrete composite structure between steel pile and centrifugal concrete pipe pile, not only can give full play to the advantages of the both, can also overcome the shortcomings of its own when used alone[2]: With the inner wall of the concrete pipe, the outer pipe can enhance its stability ;and the inner concrete pipe with steel " confining effect", by the uniaxial stress state into three dimensional stress state, which greatly improves the compressive strength, With high anti-hammering capability, high penetration, pile sinking speed, good durability, pile quality, materials and low cost[3]. The TSC pile has been successfully applied to industry, electric power, transportation and other areas, commonly used in port engineering pile type of larger diameter, and by the wind, wave and other horizontal load, to put forward higher requirements of flexural performance of pile body. Therefore it is necessary to study the flexural behavior of large diameter pile TSC. Model test is usually the most useful method to study the pile loading behavior[4, 5].In this paper, the diameter 1000mm of TSC pile bending prototype test has been conducted, and the test is a research on the large diameter pile in TSC subjected to pure bending bearing capacity. Experimental Study of Pure Bending of TSC Pile
15
Xu, Yan, Liuhan Bi, Yinglai Liu, Tianhan Xu, Zhenjun Feng, Qiang Bai, and Fengping Yang. "Fracture Analysis of Butt Joint Girth Weld of Pipe and Flange." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2390, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2390/1/012044.
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Abstract Duplex stainless steel has been widely applied to industry. In this paper, nondestructive testing, chemical composition analysis, metallographic analysis, hardness test, and scanning electron microscope were used to study the causes of the crack in the butt joint girth weld of pipe and flange. Both steel pipe and flange are duplex stainless steel S31803. Through analysis, it was judged that the crack was a crystalline crack, generated in the welding process, which was related to the welding process and the control of the welding installation gap between the steel pipe and the flange with unequal wall thickness.
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Agustriono, Elfidiah, Kiagus Ahmad Roni,. "Corrosion Analysis of Oil Drilling Pipes On Mobile RIG 42.3 N1500 E In Prabumulih." Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jesr.v2i2.47.
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In the oil, gas, and geothermal drilling industry, the use of drill pipe is very important to increase the length of the drilling depth. Problems that are often encountered in drilling pipes such as broken, bent, and leaking drilling pipes, one of which is caused by corrosion. Corrosion is the degradation of materials (usually metals) due to the electrochemical reaction of these materials with their environment. This study uses a specimen of carbon steel pipe type G105 where this pipe is used in field drilling. From the results of research on the corrosion rate test, the corrosion rate value is obtained in mm / month. This study took the first drill pipe sample starting from May 2018 to October 2019 with the same sample code with a sample size of 69 pipes. Based on the research results, the largest corrosion rate value in the drilling pipe from May 2018 to October 2019 is 0.12 mm / month. In the research, the smallest remaining life of the drilling pipe is 6.2 months. Of the 69 drilling pipes studied, there were 11 drilling pipe samples that had decreased quality to class 2. Based on the results of Scanning Electron Microscopy photos, the condition of the pipe surface morphology after corrosion and there was surface damage after corrosion.
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Li, Ying. "Study on Numerical Simulation of Welding and Joint of 16MnR Steel Pipe." ITM Web of Conferences 26 (2019): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20192603008.
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16MnR steel pipe is a commonly used welding material, which has a great demand in steel structure, chemical industry, construction and so on. The research object of this paper is 16MnR steel pipe with 30*4*50mm. The numerical simulation of the welded joint is carried out by MSC. Marc software, and the temperature field and stress field distribution of the welded joint are analysed.
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Bahri, Khoirun Nisa, Nadia Meirani, and Popy Rufaidah. "Application of TIROCA Model at PT SPINDO." International Journal of Applied Business and International Management 4, no. 1 (April 20, 2019): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32535/ijabim.v4i1.383.
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This paper aims to examine the application of strategic analysis with the TIROCA (Tangible Asset, Intangible Asset, and Organisational Capability) model as a basis to identify the strengths and weaknesses of a company, namely, PT Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia, Tbk. (PT SPINDO, Tbk.). The company is one of the steel pipe manufacturers in Indonesia. The company has the largest production capacity in Indonesia and has experience in producing various kinds of steel pipes / tubes and various other related products. The company is one of the largest steel pipe manufacturers with the largets production capacity in Indonesia. The paper used a case study research method in order to explore the strategic strengths and weaknesses of the company through its: tangible asset, intangible asset, and organisational capability. The results of the study show the company's superiority come from the following three-resources: (1) tangible resources are derived from the sophistication of machinery and factory equipment; (2) intangible resources are generated from the innovation and creativity of the firm’s HR in creating various products; and (3) organizational capability resources derived from the firm’s competencies and skills in managing product development and the ability to recruit HR.
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Edmund, Jonathan Emmanuel, and Zahiraniza binti Mustaffa. "Numerical Analysis of Crack Failure of Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe (RTP)." MATEC Web of Conferences 203 (2018): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820301023.
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Composite pipeline can drastically reduce losses caused by corrosion that occurs in carbon steel pipes in the industry. Multiple numerical testing has been conducted to determine maximum stress and strain a Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipe (RTP) can withstand before hitting failure. Not many studies were done to find the maximum stress intensity a defected RTP can resist before failing. Objectives are to validate the numerical model for Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipeline (RTP) to industry standard and to analyze the maximum stress intensity of Reinforced Thermoplastic Pipes (RTP) can withstand with various size of defects under constant pressure and incremental internal pressure with constant crack defect. Results were, under constant internal pressure of 6 MPa, the pipe will fail with a defect length of 2.05mm and at constant design pressure of 10 MPa, the pipe will fail with a defect length of 0.3mm. At constant crack depth and width, crack tip propagation (failure) is more dependent on internal pressure rather than crack length. However, when comparing the severity of crack depth to internal pressure, crack depth is the major cause of failure.
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Delistoian, Dmitri, and Mihael Chirchor. "UOE Pipe Numerical Model: Manufacturing Process And Von Mises Residual Stresses Resulted After Each Technological Step." ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis 69, no. 1 (December 20, 2017): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aucts-2017-0014.
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Abstract Fluid transportation from production areas to final customer is effectuated by pipelines. For oil and gas industry, pipeline safety and reliability represents a priority. From this reason, pipe quality guarantee directly influence pipeline designed life, but first of all protects environment. A significant number of longitudinally welded pipes, for onshore/offshore pipelines, are manufactured by UOE method. This method is based on cold forming. In present study, using finite element method is modeled UOE pipe manufacturing process and is obtained von Mises stresses for each step. Numerical simulation is performed for L415 MB (X60) steel plate with 7,9 mm thickness, length 30 mm and width 1250mm, as result it is obtained a DN 400 pipe.
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Skindaras, Raimondas, Jonas Bendikas, and Vigantas Kumšlytis. "THE IMPACT OF THE WELDED JOINTS MADE OF X8CRNITI18–10 STAINLESS STEEL ON THE RELIABILITY ESTIMATION OF PIPES." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 2, no. 4 (August 31, 2010): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2010.070.
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The chrome-nickel stainless steels of austenitic class applied in chemistry and energy industry are often used in the production of exceptional structures employed in an environment aggressive and dangerous for human life. Therefore, it is particularly significant for durability and reliability requirements. The article explores cracks that appeared in a tube made of X8CrNiTi18–10 austenitic steel. The examined pipe has worked for 90 000 hours under high temperature and pressure in an aggressive media. To establish reasons for developed cracks, chemical composition, strength, hardness testing and metallographic structures have been examined. The performed investigations will prevent from potential emergencies and help with a more accurate assessment of the pipes made of particularly this class of steel in order to ensure operational reliability and durability in the future.
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Din, Zuraini. "Effect of pH in SRB (ATCC 7757) Growth for Oil and Gas API X 70 Steel Pipes." Journal of Engineering and Science Research 3, no. 1 (February 20, 2019): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26666/rmp.jesr.2019.1.4.
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In the oil and gas industry, pipeline is the major transportation medium to deliver the products. According to [1] containment of pipeline loss to indicate that corrosion has been found to be the most predominant cause for failures of buried metal pipes. MIC has been identified as one of the major causes of underground pipeline corrosion failure and Sulphate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) are the main reason causing MIC, by accelerating corrosion rate. The objectives of this study is to study the SRB growth, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 7757 due to pH and determine the optimum value controlling the bacteria growth on the internal pipe of carbon steel grade API X70. The result shows that the optimum SRB growth is at range pH 5-5 to 6.5 and the exposure time of 7 to 14 days. At pH 6.5 the maximum corrosion rate is 1.056 mm/year. Corrosion phenomena on carbon steel in the study proven had influence by pH and time. From this result pitting corrosion strongly attack at carbon steel pipe. In the future project, it is recommended to study the effect of different pipe location for example the pipeline under seawater.
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Jindal, Sandeep, Rahul Chhibber, and N. P. Mehta. "Issues in Welding of HSLA Steels." Advanced Materials Research 365 (October 2011): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.365.44.
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The application of High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels has expanded to almost all fields viz. automobile industry, ship building, line pipe, pressure vessels, building construction, bridges, storage tanks. HSLA steels were developed primarily for the automotive industry to replace low-carbon steels in order to improve the strength-to-weight ratio and meet the need for higher-strength materials. Due to higher-strength and added excellent toughness and formability, demand for HSLA steel is increasing globally. With the increase of demand; other issues like the selection of filler grade and selection of suitable welding process for the joining of these steels have become very significant. This paper discusses the various issues regarding selection of suitable grade and selection of suitable welding process for joining of HSLA steels and issues concerning the structural integrity of HSLA steel welds.
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Katunin, V. V., N. G. Zinov’eva, T. M. Petrakova, and I. M. Ivanova. "Main indices of steel industry of Russia operation in 2018." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 75, no. 3 (June 27, 2019): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2019-3-293-314.
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Extensive analysis of Russia steel industry state in 2018 presented. Dynamics and structure of main kinds of products production by Russian and world steel industry shown. Russia occupies the sixth position in the world among the biggest steel producers having the yearly volume of production of 71.7 mt (103.0% to 2017). Steel-works of Russia in 2018 produced 51.8 mt of hot metal. The production of finished rolled products equaled to63 mt. In 2018, the share of BOF steel and arc-furnace steel in the total volume of steel smelting reached 97.8% comparing with 97.5%in 2017. In 2018, the summarizedexport value of raw materials, ferroalloys, steel ingots, billets and rolled products increased by 22.4% comparing with 2017 and was equal to USD 25.6 billion. The summarized import value of raw materials,ferroalloys, steel ingots, billets and rolled products increased in 2018 by 6.2% comparing with the value of 2017 and was equal to USD 6.8 billion. Domesticconsumption of ferrous metals rolled products and steel pipesin 2018, due to preliminary estimation, totaled 39 and 10 mt correspondently. Economic indices of Russia steel industry plants operation quoted. The expenses of main steel-works per 1 ruble ofsold products in 2018 reduced by 5.8 kop. or 6.9% comparing with 2017, the products profitability (relation of sale profit to the product cost) increasedby 8.9%, the labor productivity in cost terms increased by 18.3%. The expenses per 1 ruble of sold products in 2018 at pipe-making plants reduced by 1.06% comparing with 2017, the products profitability increased by 1.14%, and the labor productivity increased in cost terms by 17.2%. Data on specific consumption of raw materials, materials and technological fuel for production ofhot metal, steel and rolled products in 2018 quoted, comparing with similar indices of 2017. Information on investment programs of Russian metallurgical and pipe-making plants, realized in 2018, quoted.
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Mufid, Mufid, Arif Rahman Hakim, and Bambang Widiono. "Pengaruh Pitch Turbulator Terhadap Ntu Pada Double Pipe Heat Exchanger." Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan 3, no. 1 (April 24, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v3i1.101.
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Saat ini kebutuhan akan energi di dunia terus meningkat, sejalan dengan semakin tumbuhnya industri untuk menopang kehidupan manusia. Namun kenaikan kebutuhan energi tersebut tidak diimbangi dengan bertambahnya sumber energi, sehingga harga energi semakin mahal. Untuk meminimalisir kebutuhan energi, maka perlu dicari sumber-sumber energi alternatif baru, terutama sumber energi baru dan terbarukan. Disamping itu perlu dilakukan pengelolaan energi yang lebih baik, sehingga kebutuhan energi dunia bisa dikurangi. Double Pipe Heat exchanger memiliki pipa luar stainless steel dengan diameter dalam (Do) 3,5 inchi, ketebalan pipa (To) 1,5 mm, dan panjang pipa (Lo) 790mm dan pipa dalam (Di) 1 3/8 inchi, ketebalan(Ti) 0,6 mm, dan panjang pipa (Li) 920mm, dengan air dingin dan air panas yang digunakan sebagai fluida uji di annulus dan pipa dalam. Helical turbulator dari besi (mild steel) dengan dimensi geometris jarak antar elemen (pitch) sebesar 25mm, 50 mm dan 75 mm berdiameter dalam (Di) 5/16 inchi dan diameter luar(Do) 1 5/16 inchi dengan panjang 750mm dimasukkan dalam inner tube dari heat exchanger. Air panas memasuki tabung dengan variasi flowate mulai 400 l/jam sampai 900 l/jam, sedangkan flowrate air dingin konstan 900 l/jam. Hasil penelitian dengan disisipkannya helical turbulator sebagai turbulator pada heat exchanger mengakibatkan peningkatan laju perpindahan kalor. Helical turbulator dengan pitch 25mm menimbulkan peningkatan laju perpindahan kalor paling besar sebesar ±62% dibandingkan plain tube. Helical turbulator mengakibatkan peningkatan NTU heat exchanger terbesar sebesar ±63% dihasilkan oleh helical turbulator dengan pitch 25mm.At present the need for energy in the world continues to increase, in line with the growing industry to sustain human life. However, the increase in energy needs is not offset by the increase in energy sources, so energy prices are increasingly expensive. To minimize energy needs, it is necessary to look for new alternative energy sources, especially new and renewable energy sources. Besides that, better energy management is needed, so that the world's energy needs can be reduced. Double Pipe Heat Exchanger has stainless steel outer pipe with inner diameter (Do) 3.5 inch, pipe thickness (To) 1.5 mm, and pipe length (Lo) 790 mm and pipe inside (Di) 1 3/8 inch, thickness (Ti) 0.6 mm, and the length of pipe (Li) 920 mm, with cold water and hot water used as test fluid in the annulus and inner pipe. Mild steel helical turbulators with geometric dimensions of 25mm, 50mm and 75mm intervals between 5/16 inch in diameter and a 750mm length 5/16 inch outer diameter (Do) are included in the inner tube of heat exchanger. Hot water enters the tube with variations in flowate from 400 l / hour to 900 l / hour, while the cold water flowrate is constant 900 l / hour. The results of the study by inserting a helical turbulator as a turbulator in a heat exchanger resulted in an increase in the heat transfer rate. Helical turbulators with a pitch of 25mm give rise to the highest heat transfer rate of ±62% compared to plain tubes. Helical turbulators cause the largest increase in NTU heat exchanger of ±63% produced by a helical turbulator with a 25mm pitch.
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Baloš, Sebastian, Dragan Rajnović, Danka Labus Zlatanović, Miroslav Dramićanin, Petar Janjatović, Mirjana Trivković, Milan Pećanac, and Leposava Šidjanin. "Pitting Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld in Brewing Industry: Case Study." Advanced Technologies & Materials 47, no. 2 (December 15, 2022): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/atm-2022-2-003.
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In this paper, a case study of pitting corrosion of austenitic stainless steel weld of a pipe in brewing industry is presented. Pitting corrosion caused leakage and the cause of corrosion was sought to be found. After a comprehensive investigation, comprising of visual inspection, chemical composition, hardness, tensile and metallographic testing. It was found that there are two reasons that influenced the occurrence of pitting corrosion, both related to welding process. The first is the unnecessary cleaning of the inside of the pipe by wire brush tool on the power drill, introducing creases that held the acidic cleaning agent. The concentration of the acid rose after evaporation that caused the corrosion, aided by the tinting of the weld zone. Tinting was caused by insufficient oxygen purging from the inside of the pipe by shielding gas. After welding, no passivation was performed, which left the heat tinting layer with compromised corrosion resistance
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Prithwiraj Jana and Surya Kanta Samanta. "Ranking and sensitivity analysis of stainless-steel pipe in sugar industry by MATLAB." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, no. 1 (January 30, 2023): 515–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.1450.
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Selection of best material considering technical and economic aspects is an important key issue of pipe material design. Basically, it is a multiple attribute decision making problem. Through entropy method, it gives us unbiased and optimized weight factor for each alternative and MATLAB approaches accurate calculation. Pipe is manufactured by various stainless steel. Selection the best material among various steel is one of the difficult and subtle tasks. In this paper, the methodology of Multi-Objective Optimization on the basis of Ratio Analysis (MOORA) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) are implemented first time and comparatively Analysis is to find out best material for better product development.
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Meng, Hua, Yi Huang, Chunni Zheng, Ya Zhou, and Yanru Chen. "Research and system design of energy dynamic balance and optimal scheduling of iron and steel enterprises." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 983, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/983/1/012037.
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Abstract The steel industry is an important part of the secondary industry, and it has a strong role in promoting economic development. However, the steel industry is a high-energy-consuming industry, which has large energy consumption and waste of resources. Therefore, it is very important to do a good job of energy conservation and emission reduction in iron and steel enterprises. Therefore, this paper studies the dynamic energy balance and optimization model of iron and steel enterprises firstly, and further designs and operates the system based on this. It is show that the model has good practicability, which can balance the pipe network and reduce emission.
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Syafei, Nendi Suhendi, Darmawan Hidayat, Bernard Y. Tumbelaka, and Liu Kin Men. "Analisis Korosi Retak Tegangan pada Pipa Baja Karbon dalam Larutan Asam dan Sweet Gas." Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa 3, no. 1 (June 22, 2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.31544/jtera.v3.i1.2018.137-144.
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Pada eksplorasi di industri migas bahwa umumnya akan diikuti dengan zat korosif termasuk sweet gas (misalnya H2S dan CO2), maka akan mengakibatkan terjadinya peristiwa korosi. Bila terjadi peristiwa korosi retak tegangan akan mengakibatkan pipa baja karbon pecah sehingga berdampak produksi migas bisa terhenti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peristiwa korosi pipa baja karbon skala laboratorium dalam lingkungan asam dengan adanya sweet gas H2O dan CO2 dengan menggunakan metoda tiga titik pembebanan. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan pipa baja karbon API 5L-X65 yang berada dalam lingkungan larutan asam asetat dan amoniak, kemudian diisikan sweet gas CO2 dan H2S dalam keadaan jenuh. Berdasarkan hasil uji mikrostruktur dan mikroskop terpolarisasi, terjadi peristiwa korosi retak tegangan, yaitu korosi retak tegangan transgranular dan korosi retak tegangan intergranular. Laju korosi yang terjadi pada sampel uji akan semakin besar, apabila defleksi yang diberikan semakin besar. Dalamnya retakan pada sampel uji akan semakin dalam apabila defleksi yang diberikan semakin besar. Laju korosi pada sampel uji akan semakin besar untuk defleksi yang sama tetapi variasi waktu paparan berbeda.Kata kunci: korosi, retak tegangan, pembebanan tiga titik, sweet gas, pipa baja karbon In industry exploration oil and gas that will generally be followed by corrosive substances including sweet gas (e.g H2S and CO2), then will result in corrosion event. If there is event a corrosion stress cracking will cause the pipe carbon steel to break so that production oil and gas can be stopped. This research aims to analyze the corrosion event of pipe carbon steel in laboratory scale on acid environment with the existence of sweet gas H2O and CO2 by using method three points loading. This research uses pipe carbon steel API 5L-X65 which is in the environment of acetic acid and ammonia solution, then filled with sweet gas CO2 and H2S in saturated state. Based on microstructure and microscope polarized test results, there is a phenomenon corrosion stress cracking, i.e corrosion stress cracking transgranular stress and corrosion stress cracking intergranular. The corrosion rate occurs in test sample test will be greater if deflection to given is greater. Inside crack in test sample test will deeper if deflection to given is greater. The corrosion rate in test sample test will be greater for the same deflection but variation of exposure time is different.Keywords: corrosion, stress cracking, three-point loading, sweet gas, pipe carbon steel
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Chernykh, I. N., K. V. Shendyapin, E. A. Geim, D. V. Ovchinnikov, I. N. Krivonogov, and K. V. Bol’nykh. "Study of deformation conditions at longitudinal pipes rolling from austenite steel grades." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 77, no. 3 (March 28, 2021): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2021-3-312-319.
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Stainless steels of austenite class 08–12Х18Н10Т have a high corrosion resistance, which stipulates for their wide application in various areas of industry. Technology of pipes production of the steels is rather specific and requires observation of some conditions. It was shown that temperature of a work-piece heating before deformation is an important parameter of the technology. It was noted that for the piercing of a steel work-piece with various chrome content, there is a rational temperature interval. Nonobservation of the temperature can lead to defects formation on internal pipe surface because of earlier destruction and opening of metal cavity during piercing. The choice of the rolling-out scheme has a direct effect on the work-piece forming in cross-sections. Results of hot rolling of Ø37×2,5 tube samples, manufactured of 08–12Х18Н10Т steel and carbon steel of grade 40 presented. The rolling was done at a laboratory mill. As a result of the experiment the lower limit of ovality of rolls grooves was specified for conditions of rolling of pipes from 08–12Х18Н10Т steels by 2-roll scheme. At the rolling with ovality B/H ≤1,07, defects appeared on the internal tube surface in the form of scratches caused by the mandrel. The rational range of ovality of grooves at multi-stand rolling can be from 1.08 to 1.15. According to criterion of groove overfilling by metal for steels 08–12Х18Н10Т, requirements were formed towards the groove width of the first stand of longitudinal rolling mill. The groove width must be larger than the sleeve diameter: for 3-roll scheme – at least by 2–3%, for 2-roll scheme – at least by 7.0–7.5%. Potential advantages of 3-roll scheme comparing with 2-roll scheme for rolling of 08–12Х18Н10Т steels were established as follows: lower probability of grooves overfilling by metal of the work-piece, absence of defects (scratches caused by mandrel), on the tube internal surface at minimal ovality level of 1.07, lower level of transverse pipe wall non-uniform thickness.
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Karlina, Yulia, Roman Kononenko, Vladimir Ivancivsky, Maksim Popov, Fedor Deriugin, and Vladislav Byankin. "Review of modern requirements for welding of pipe high-strength low-alloy steels." Metal Working and Material Science 25, no. 4 (December 11, 2023): 36–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.4-36-60.
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For many years, proven arc welding processes have been used to weld large pipes of oil and gas pipelines, the scope of which extends from manual arc welding with stick electrodes to the use of metal orbital welding machines. Introduction reflects that the creation of new steel compositions for oil and gas pipelines is an urgent task to ensure its high reliability. Research Methods. Low-carbon steels with ferrite-perlite structure are usually used in pipe production, but these steels are unable to meet the increased market demands. New grades of steel with bainitic structure are appearing. Results. The failure of welded joints of pipelines made of high-quality steel is becoming a serious problem for the pipeline industry. Discussion. This paper analyzes the characteristics of weld microstructure and its relationship with impact toughness. The prediction of impact toughness based on the microstructural characteristics of weld-seam metals is complicated due to a large number of parameters involved. The common practice linking this property to the microstructure of the last roll of a multi-pass weld turned out to be unsatisfactory because the amount of needle ferrite, the most desirable component, may not always be the main factor affecting the impact toughness. The present review reports on the most representative study regarding the microstructural factor in the welded seam of pipe steels. It includes a summary of the most important process variables, material properties, normative rule, as well as microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of the joints. Conclusion. It is intended that this review will help readers with different backgrounds, from non-specialist welders or material scientists to specialists in various industrial applications and researchers.
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Zulfri, Muhammad, Nazaruddin Abdul Rachman, and Muhammad Isra. "ANALYSIS OF CORROSION RATE AND REMAINING LIFE OF STEEL ON PIPELINES AT PKS PTPN 1 TANJUNG SEUMANTOH." Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin 14, no. 2 (August 15, 2023): 734–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v14i2.1472.
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Corrosion is a major cause of early failure in palm oil mill infrastructure in Aceh, Indonesia. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the corrosion rate of steel used in the palm oil mill industry and determine the remaining life of the steel. Round bars and plates made of steel were used as exposure samples. This sample was cleaned of impurities and ground with sandpaper to obtain a 600 grating, then washed with clean water and rinsed with strong liquid, then presented to the climate at the PTPN 1 Tanjung Seumantoh palm oil mill so that it could see the rate of steel erosion due to corrosion. For exposure, steel specimens are placed on racks, and weight measurements are taken once a month to determine corrosion rate values using the ASTM G50 standard. In addition, steel thickness measurements were also carried out in 2021 and 2022 to calculate the corrosion rate using the Standard API 570 standard. Research results of the remaining life of the pipe on the wall tube is about 32 years. the remaining life for the generating pipe is about 29 years, and the remaining life for the heater pipe is about 11 years. from the calculation results obtained the longest remaining life is obtained on the wall pipe while the shortest remaining life of the pipe is found in the heater pipe because the pipe is always heated.
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Widjanarko, Bambang, Awan Panjinata, Agus Sukoco, and Joko Suyono. "Analyzing the Financial Performance of PT. Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia Tbk." International Journal of Industrial Engineering, Technology & Operations Management 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 86–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.62157/ijietom.v1i2.32.
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The financial report is a vital tool for acquiring insights into a company's financial position and business performance. Through financial statement analysis, crucial indicators pertaining to the company's financial health are unveiled, rendering it a valuable resource for guiding financial decision-making processes and offering a comprehensive portrayal of the company's performance. This study evaluates the financial performance of PT Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia Tbk. and forecasts the company's sales turnover over the next five years. This research adopts a quantitative descriptive approach, utilizing secondary data spanning from 2018 to 2022 from the PT Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia Tbk. The data analysis process encompasses several stages, including (i) Ratio Analysis of Financial Reports from 2018 to 2022, (ii) Compilation of sales data, (iii) Projections of sales figures using the least squares method, and (iv) Forecasting profits for the period from 2023 to 2027. The findings of this study indicate that the PT Steel Pipe Industry of Indonesia Tbk. is facing challenges in its financial performance, as the ratio values consistently fall below industry-standard financial metrics. However, the company has demonstrated resilience in maintaining its profitability levels, evidenced by a 6% increase in profit percentage in 2021 compared to 2020. This can be attributed to the company's consistent profit generation efforts, resulting in year-on-year profit growth.
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MAMEDOV, А. T., N. SH ISMAILOV, M. CH GUSEINOV, F. T. GULIEV, S. I. SHAKHOV, and B. A. SIVAK. "FEATURES OF OBTAINING SPECIAL OIL AND GAS DRILLING PIPES." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 78, no. 3 (April 13, 2022): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2022-3-257-263.
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Steels for drill pipes used in the oil and gas industry are subject to high requirements regarding alloying along with special metallurgical treatment. The technologies used at Baku Steel Company to ensure the required level of quality of pipes were examined. Data on chemical composition of billets from 21 melts of manganese containing steel 32Г2 in 60-t electric arc furnace and strength indexes of pipes with 114×7,4 mm section produced from the melts are presented in this study. The analysis of data has confirmed the possibility of producing pipes of proper quality at specified heat treatment regimes. However, in a number of cases the cracks and some other defects appeared during pipe rolling. Additional research has been carried out to eliminate them. It was recommended to use scrap with reduced impurities during charging electiric arc furnace and the proportion of pig iron should be increased. When steel is processed in a ladle-furnace, the timely supply of aluminium and other components must be provided. To ensure high chemical purity of steel and maximum removal of non-metallic impurities, to obtain a denser structure of the cast billet, it is recommended to apply special methods of exposure in the mould and carefully control the parameters of continuous casting. The recommendations were formulated for continuous casting regimes, including casting speed and cooling intensity.
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Li, Rui Zhe, Chun Feng, Long Jiang, and Ya Qiong Cao. "Research Status and Development of Titanium Alloy Drill Pipes." Materials Science Forum 944 (January 2019): 903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.944.903.
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Petroleum and natural gas exploration and development are deepening, and the environment and stratum conditions encountered are becoming more and more complex. There are many high-temperature, high-pressure, high-corrosion wells, and the number of ultra-short horizontal directional wells, ultra-deep wells, and extended reach wells are also increasing. The steel drill pipe has not been able to meet and adapt to these requirements. Titanium alloy drill pipe has a series of advantages such as low density, high specific strength, excellent corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, fatigue resistance, non-magnetic and good flexibility. It is suitable for the development of modern petroleum industry. This article discusses the use of titanium alloy drill pipe in domestic and foreign drilling in horizontal wells with short radius, the design of alloy components in titanium alloy drill pipes, body pipe processing, joint connection and corrosion resistance. Combining the practical application of titanium alloy drill pipe points out the current problems. Finally, from the aspect of drilling cycle, production safety and cost saving, the development and application of titanium alloy drill pipes in deep wells, ultra-deep wells and deep-sea drilling operations are prospected.
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Komissarov, A. A., P. Yu Sokolov, S. M. Tikhonov, E. P. Sidorova, P. A. Mishnev, M. Yu Matrosov, and D. V. Kuznetsov. "Production of Low-Carbon Steel Sheet for Oil-Industry Pipe." Steel in Translation 48, no. 11 (November 2018): 748–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0967091218110049.
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Wang, Wei, Lei Sun, and Yang Liu. "Properties of Unbonded Flexible Pipe under Axial Force." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 1004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.1004.
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Flexible pipes, which can be divided into bonded and unbonded types, have been used for years in the oil industry. An unbonded structure presents a large interest in offshore production as they allow to realize simple liaison between the seafloor and the surface. In the present paper, an unbonded flexible pipe under axial force has been analyzed by finite element (FE) method in which eight layers of the unbonded flexible pipe have established. Solid and shell elements are used to simulate the layers. In the FE model, all layers are modeled separately with contact and friction interfaces between each layer. The numerical results are compared to the literature’s results, which shows very good agreement with numerical and other existing results, have validated the use of the given model. It might provide practical and technical support for the application of flexible steel pipes.
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Simion, Petru, Bogdan Istrate, Corneliu Munteanu, Vasile Dia, Petru Avram, and Marius Stelian Imbrea. "Influence of the Degree of Cold Drawing on the Microstructure and Properties of Pipes Used for Dampers." Advanced Materials Research 1036 (October 2014): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1036.134.
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Dumpers are the main components of the suspension system with vertical oscillations role in the absorption of the automobile. The combination of suspension coil with dumper is forming the main body of the suspension system. Shock absorber pipe is mainly used for production of motorcycles, cars (sedan) car shock absorber, is the size of the relatively high precision seamless pipe products, its manufacturing costs and lower selling prices relatively seamless, with excellent cost performance, got the car and motorcycle manufacturing industry recognition, are gradually replacing the use of seamless pipes in the area. The cold work process of pipes drawing consists of reducing the cross-section of a pipe by pulling the pipe through series of conical dies. The metal pipe drawing technology has been widely used to manufacture fine pipes. The influence of the degree of cold drawing on the mechanical properties of the carbon steel material were studied using the tensile test and hardness test experiments in order to replicate the service condition of the pipes used for automotive dumpers. Microstructure analysis were perfomed using optical analysis on a LEICA 5000DMI microscope up to 1000X magnitude and SEM images with a dual beam QUANTA 200 3D FEI SEM scanning electron microscope. The purpose of the work is to observe the main effects of the degree of reduction at different gradations by analysing the microstructure and mechanical proprieties behavior. The study used the stress-strain relationship of the tensile test experiment to study the effect of the degree of cold-drawing deformation on the yield strength and tensile strength properties of the dumpers used in automotive industry. The toughness of the low carbon steel used for the dumper manufacture reduces as the degree of drawing deformation increases. The ductility of the material also reduces with increasing degree of rawing deformation. The yield strength of the material was observed to reduce with increasing degree of cold-drawing, an indication of reduction in the ductility and the tensile strength of the material reduced with increasing degree of cold-drawn deformation. After high degrees of cold deformation by drawing, the hardness proprieties are increasing highlighted by cold-straining.
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Firmansyah, Moch Faries, and Wiwin Widiasih. "PENJADWALAN PERAWATAN MESIN MILLING PIPE DENGAN PENDEKATAN SIMULASI MONTE CARLO PADA PT WPP." JISO : Journal of Industrial and Systems Optimization 6, no. 1 (June 28, 2023): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.51804/jiso.v6i1.40-47.
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PT WPP merupakan industri manufaktur yang memproduksi pipa stainlees. Karena keadaan daya saing bisnis saat ini, organisasi harus dapat mempertahankan ketergantungan peralatan manufaktur mereka untuk memastikan kelancaran proses produksi.. PT WPP mengaplikasikan metode preventive maintenance pada perawatan mesin produksinya hanya saja dalam penentuan jadwal belum optimal, hanya berlandaskan patokan dari kegagalan-kegagalan yang terjadi sebelumnya. Dalam mesin produksi pipa stainlees, PT WPP memiliki 3 mesin produksi yaitu mesin slitter, mesin milling pipe, dan mesin polishing. Mesin produksi yang memiliki breakdown tertinggi yaitu mesin milling pipe dengan frekuensi breakdown 444. Berdasarkan analisis pareto didapatkan 8 komponen kritis dengan downtime tertinggi yaitu abrasive, gearbox, sander, cutter, as cutter, welding, water pump, dan hower. Simulasi monte carlo dapat menguji jadwal perawatan yang optimal. Hasil dari Simulasi didapatkan interval waktu perawatan preventive untuk komponen abrasive 11 hari, komponen gearbox 15 hari, komponen sander 23 hari, komponen cutter 9 hari, komponen as cutter 170 hari, komponen welding 43 hari, komponen water pump 32 hari, dan komponen hower 25 hari. Dengan mengaplikasikan interval waktu optimum dapat meningkatkan keandalan menjadi 35,33% hingga 65,33%. ABSTRACT PT WPP is a manufacturing industry that produces stainless steel pipes. Due to the current state of business competitiveness, organizations must be able to maintain dependence on their manufacturing equipment to ensure the smooth running of the production process. PT WPP applies the preventive maintenance method to the maintenance of its production machines but the schedule is not optimal, only based on the benchmark of failures that occur previously. In terms of stainless steel pipe production machines, PT WPP has 3 production machines namely slitter machines, pipe milling machines and polishing machines. The production machine that has the highest breakdown is the pipe milling machine with a breakdown frequency of 444. Based on the Pareto analysis, 8 critical components with the highest downtime are obtained, namely abrasives, gearbox, sander, cutter, axle cutter, welding, water pump, and hower. Monte carlo simulation can test the optimal maintenance schedule. The results of the simulation obtained preventive maintenance time intervals for abrasive components 11 days, gearbox components 15 days, sander components 23 days, cutter components 9 days, axle components cutter 170 days, welding components 43 days, water pump components 32 days, and hower components 25 day. Applying the optimum time interval can increase the reliability to 35.33% to 65.33%.
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Hu, Feng, Li Hong Han, Hang Wang, Yao Rong Feng, and He Lin Li. "Precipitation Behavior and its Effect on Strengthening of High Strength and Toughness Drill Pipe Steel." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 587–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.587.
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With the rapid development of oil industry, the high strength-toughness drill pipe suited to the task of sour environment and ultra deep wells would be considered more and more important. A new drill pipe steel, which was designed with the proper decrease of C content and increase of Cr, Ni, Mo, Nb and V alloy element, was developed and studied in this study. The results showed that the yield strength of this new drill pipe steel had reached 150ksi with the impact toughness more than 150J, which can perfectly meet the “leak-before-break” crack principle. Based on the observation of optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, several kinds of carbide particles including (Nb, Mo, V)C with nanometer scale, were distributed in tempered sorbite matrix. The objective of this work was to study the relationship between multiple alloy-carbide precipitation and mechanical property of this drill pipe steel.
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Hu, Feng, Li Hong Han, Hang Wang, Yao Rong Feng, and He Lin Li. "The Development and Experimental Study on High Strength and Toughness Drill Pipe Steel." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 1024–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.1024.
Full textAbstract:
With the development of oil industry, the high strength-toughness drill pipe suited to the task of sour environment and ultra deep wells would be considered more and more important. A new drill pipe steel, which was designed with the proper decrease of C content and increase of Cr, Ni, Mo, Nb and V alloy element, was developed and studied in this study. Large deformation hot rolling technology was used to obtain ultrafine grains microstructure. The results showed that the yield strength of this new drill pipe steel had reached 150ksi with the impact toughness more than 150J, which can perfectly meet the “leak-before-break” crack principle. The new low-alloy carbon steel drill pipe in the controlled yield strength grade 150ksi showing excellent sulfide stress cracking resistance and strength-toughness have been developed. Based on the observation of scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, several kinds of carbide particles including (Nb, Mo, V)C with nanometer scale, were distributed in tempered sorbite matrix. The objective of this work was to study the relationship between carbide precipitation and strength-toughness by optimizing element design, thermo mechanical control process and heat treatment of drill pipe steel.
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Lifanov, V. Ya. "Pipe industry today and tomorrow (as per results of the XXIII-rd International scientific and practical conference “Pipes-2018”)." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 1, no. 11 (December 9, 2018): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2018-11-5-12.
Full textAbstract:
On September 17–19, 2018, the XXIII International scientific and practical conference “Pipes-2018” took place. 305 administrators and specialists from 123 organizations – developers, manufacturers and consumers of pipe products, as well as manufacturers of modern technological, testing and diagnostic equipment, including 15 representatives of foreign countries, took part in the conference. At the plenary session 13 actual reports were delivered, which became a basis of further well-reasoned dialog of scientific organizations with pipes manufacturers and biggest consumers. In the report of PAO “Gasprom” Head of Department Mr. P.V. Krylov “Technical development of Russian pipe companies for solving tasks of PAO “Gasprom” an information was quoted about application of domestic pipe products in Russian and international projects.Director of NO FRTP Mr. I.A. Malyshev acquainted the conference participants with pipes consumption dynamics in Russia by main market segments and possibilities of its growth. Items of industry’s science role increase in creation and mastering of new innovation kinds of pipe products were highlighted. Also measures undertaken by FRTP to protect EAES market against improper competition and items of improving instruments for the market protection In the report of the First Deputy-Chairman of RSPP Committee for technical regulation, standardization and correspondence estimation Mr. A.N. Lotsmanov items of the RSPP Committee participation in the work of import substitution and international cooperation. A special section was devoted to modern requirements in the standardization area and correspondence confirmation.At four theme sections 65 main reports were presented. Problems of innovation technologies and equipment for pipe steel production, billets quality for coil and sheet products were discussed. Items of protection against corrosion and increase of operational reliability, development and application of modern test and diagnostic equipment were also discussed.
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Shilyaev, P. V., S. V. Denisov, P. A. Stekanov, O. V. Sych, E. I. Khlusova, V. L. Kornilov, F. V. Kaptsan, et al. "Development and mastering of technologies of production at PJSC MMK a new generation steel rolled stock for m a in pipelines." Ferrous Metallurgy. Bulletin of Scientific , Technical and Economic Information 77, no. 7 (August 1, 2021): 791–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.32339/0135-5910-2021-7-791-803.
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In view of arising needs of Russian oil and gas sectors, elaboration and implementation into series production competitive pipe products became an actual task for domestic enterprises of metallurgical industry. Generalized results of elaboration of chemical compositions and automated technologies of sheet rolled stock of new generation production from low-alloyed pipe steels of various strength classes at PJSC MMK presented. It was shown that the selected chemical compositions ensure forming finedispersed ferrite-bainite structure with bainite of granular morphology in a wide range of cooling rates. The elaborated technological modes of sheet rolled stock production from pipe steels stipulate for elimination considerable growth of austenite grain at heating before the rolling, refinement of austenite grains due to recrystallization processes, forming of extensive subgrain structure of austenite at plastic deformation, forming disperse structures during phase transformation in the process of controlled accelerated cooling; forming of extensive fragmented structure in а-phase. The level of strength, tough-plastic properties and resistance against brittle destruction (based on results of tests with a falling weight with determination of tough component share in the break of full-thickness samples) of sheet rolled stock of pipe steels with various chemical composition of PJSC MMK production was demonstrated. Results of study of tests the sheet rolled stock of high-strength steels for pipes of large diameter presented. Objects of the elaborated pipe steels implementation indicated.
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Iswanto, Priyo Tri, Ardian Shah, and Hizba Muhammad Sadida. "Effect of Chromate Inhibitor on the Corrosion Rate of API 5L Grade B Steel Pipe in the Injection Water." Journal of Mechanical Design and Testing 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmdt.52808.
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Corrosion inside the injection water pipe occurs from the Central Injection Facility Station to the wellhead. One way to reduce the rate of corrosion is to add inhibitors. This research is looking for the effect of variations in the concentration of the sodium chromate inhibitor (Na2CrO4) on the corrosion rate of API 5L grade B pipes used in the oil industry, especially in injection water fluids. For comparison, a corrosion rate test was carried out on a 3.5% NaCl solution. The study used an NPS 4 SCH 40 pipe with an outer diameter of 4.5 in (114.3 mm) with a thickness of 0.237in (6.02mm). The concentration parameter of the Sodium Chromate inhibitor used is 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7 and 0.9%. The study used a corrosion rate test using the potentiodynamic polarization method. The results showed the pipe corrosion rate in the injection water fluid was 0.3307 mpy, and the pipe corrosion rate in the 3.5% NaCl solution was 0.4960 mpy. The addition of chromate inhibitors succeeded in decreasing the corrosion rate. The maximum condition is achieved with the addition of 0.9% inhibitor. In this condition, the corrosion rate of the pipe in the injection water solution is 0.2175 mpy and the corrosion rate of the pipe in the 3.5% NaCl solution is 0.3218 mpy.
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An, Tongtong, Norizah Redzuan, X. X. Jiang, and Yongguang Yuan. "The Strength Behavior of O-Core Sandwich Pipe." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2519, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2519/1/012052.
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Abstract Due to the characteristics of light weight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness and multi-function, sandwich structure is widely used in automotive industry, aerospace, offshore platform, construction, wind power generation and other fields. In recent years, the preparation and properties of new high-performance sandwich structures are the frontier research topics in the field of materials engineering. The research on the preparation method and mechanical properties of the sandwich pipes is favored by researchers at home and abroad. This paper, the O-core metal sandwich pipes is taken as the research object. The material is 304 stainless steel. By designing the orthogonal experiment, the sandwich pipes with 3 core pipes and 4 core pipes is prepared by laser welding. The tensile test of the sandwich pipes was carried out by Z250SNS electronic universal testing machine. At the same time, the finite element model of the sandwich pipes was established by using ANSYS finite element analysis software, and the strength of the sandwich pipes was further numerically simulated. Results show that the curves of the simulation and experiment data are in good agreement. Besides, when compare with an empty pipe, the carrying capacity of the sandwich pipe during stretching is significantly improved. The number of cores has a visible effect on the strength of the sandwich structure pipe, and the elastic limit is approximately proportional to the number of cores. In this paper, the mechanical properties of O-core metal sandwich pipe are studied, and the research method is clarified, which provides a new idea for the future research of sandwich pipe.
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Sun, Youhong, Xiaofeng Wang, Baochang Liu, Dali Ding, and Qingnan Meng. "Inverse solution to heat transfer coefficient during heat assembly of aluminum alloy drill pipes." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 7 (July 2017): 168781401771497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814017714970.
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With the rapid development of oil and gas industry, as well as geological exploration industry, the requirements on properties of aluminum alloy drill pipes are increasing. During heat assembly of aluminum alloy drill pipes, the cooling process inside the pipes has a direct impact on the connection performance of pipes. Thus, study of the convective heat transfer coefficient between the cooling water and the internal wall of aluminum alloy pipes is important. Conventional algorithms cannot easily solve the problem of determining the heat transfer coefficient at the complex structure of aluminum alloy drill pipes. Therefore, this article conducts a heat assembly experiment between aluminum alloy drill pipes and steel joints to obtain adequate, accurate temperature data. Based on these experimental data and an inverse heat conduction model, the heat transfer coefficients during the heat assembly process are determined by a finite element program and the differential evolution algorithm. The correlation curve between the cooling water flowrate and the convective heat transfer coefficient obtained in this article is important in the accurate prediction of heat transfer capacity and temperature field distribution during heat assembly at different cooling water flowrates. The analysis results show that the heat transfer coefficients are nonlinear functions of cooling water flowrates. The temperature is highest at location A1 and gradually declines backward along the axis of the drill pipe. The heat transfer coefficient gradually declines backward along the axis of the drill pipe. The increasing flowrate of cooling water will cause the convective heat transfer coefficient along the axis of the drill pipe to escalate irregularly.
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Bagus Priambodo, Trisaksono. "PEMODELAN TEMPERATUR DARI PROSES PEMBAKARAN DI REFORMER FURNACE PADA INDUSTRI BAJA." Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan (Enerlink) 16, no. 1 (November 25, 2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/jel.v16i1.4580.
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Conversion processes that involve large amounts of energy include processes in furnace reformers inthe steel industry. The reformer unit used to convert the process gas, namely a mixture of gas andsteam into CO and H2 gas with the help of a nickel catalyst. The heat energy used in the process is theresult of combustion from natural gas using combustion located above the furnace. The most importantthing in the conversion process is the radiative heat transfer in the combustion chamber to the reactionpipe wall so that enough energy is obtained to carry out the conversion process. One way to determinethe heat distribution of the reformer combustion chamber is to know the temperature profile along thereaction pipe, including the pipe wall temperature, the process gas temperature, and the temperatureof the combustion gas used as energy for the process in the reformer furnace. The performanceevaluation of the reformer furnace uses a mathematical model for combustion in the furnace which canlater be developed by knowing the fitting composition of the conversion results. The type of reformerstudied is the top-fired reformer. The results of modeling using data from the steel industry obtained thehighest temperature from the combustion of gas from the burner which is in the reaction pipe at aposition 3-4 meters from the upper end of the reformer around 1300 oC and the temperature of naturalgas-steam in the pipe reaches 860 oC at the end of the pipe. reaction. The pipe wall heating with naturalo ogas fuels provides a maximum temperature ranging from 890 C - 895 C on the outer wall of thereaction pipe, and the pressure inside the reaction pipe ranges from 8.0-8.5 atm.
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Vyas, Rushi, and Bailey Tye. "A Sequential RFID System for Robust Communication with Underground Carbon Steel Pipes in Oil and Gas Applications." Electronics 8, no. 12 (November 20, 2019): 1374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121374.
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The world’s oil and gas is transported using a network of steel pipelines most of which lie underground. The length of this network in the US/Canada alone is 3.5 million kilometers. Keeping track of pipes in such a network for pipeline-health monitoring, maintenance, and logistics is an acute problem faced by pipeline-operators. Recently, radio-frequency-identification tags (RFIDs) have been proposed for tracking pipelines and even for monitoring pipeline health with additional built-in sensors. Low-cost RFID tags are wirelessly powered and battery-less. However, RFIDs do not function optimally in the presence of magnetic carbon steel pipes that are prevalent in the industry. High-frequency wireless signals also attenuate rapidly through wet soils. In this research, the use of passive RFID sensor platforms for interrogating buried pipes up to 1.25 m deep in the LF bands is proposed. Using magnetic-induction-based communication, a test-comparison between conventional full/half duplex (FDX/HDX) and sequential (SEQ) RFID schemes is detailed. Wireless measurements in the presence of an industry-standard ASTM A-53 carbon-steel pipe show a SEQ RFID offering better immunity against magnetic proximity effects of the pipe’s wall with an 8.3 dB (x6.8) improvement over a FDX/HDX RFID operating under similar conditions over a distance of 80–125 cm at which pipes are typically buried.
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Garg, Nidhi Bansal, Atul Garg, and Mohit Bansal. "Effect of Cold Work, Ageing on Hardness and Ultimate Tensile Strength of Microalloyed Steel." Key Engineering Materials 933 (October 17, 2022): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-r2n2g8.
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Recent past witnessed the widespread use of High Strength Low Alloy steels in several structural applications, including pressure vessels, line-pipe transportation of crude oil in the oil industry and many more. API X-65 grade is widely used as a promising material for line-pipe applications in the oil industry. HSLA X-65 plate steels are produced by normalising, Controlled Rolling (CR), Direct Quenching & Tempering (DQT) or Quenching & Tempering (Q&T) techniques. These steels are characterised by their low carbon concentration while maintaining low alloy additions. Micro alloy additions such as V, Ti, and Nb provide substantial precipitation strengthening effect. Strengthening, hardness and microstructural examinations are conducted in all the stages to ascertain X-65 HSLA steel's ageing behaviour.
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Gwoździk, Monika. "Evaluation of high-temperature corrosion on 13CrMo4-5 steel operated in the power industry." Technical Sciences 4, no. 21 (December 5, 2018): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/ts.4177.
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The paper presents results of studies of steel and the oxide layer formed during a long-term operation (t=130,000h) on 13CrMo4-5 steel at an elevated temperature (T=455°C). The oxide layer was studied on a surface and a cross-section at the inner site of the pipe (in the flowing medium – steam side). The paper contains results of studies such as: light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray phase analysis.