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Journal articles on the topic 'Steel SAE 1045. eng'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Toro, Sebastián Andrés, Pedro Miguel Aranda, Claudio Moisés García-Herrera, and Diego Javier Celentano. "Analysis of the Elastoplastic Response in the Torsion Test Applied to a Cylindrical Sample." Materials 12, no. 19 (September 29, 2019): 3200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12193200.

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This work presents an experimental and numerical analysis of the mechanical behavior of a fixed-end SAE 1045 steel cylindrical specimen during the torsion test. To this end, an iterative numerical–experimental methodology is firstly proposed to assess the material response in the tensile test using a large strain elastoplasticity-based model solved in the context of the finite element method. Then, a 3D numerical simulation of the deformation process of the torsion test is tackled with this previously characterized model that proves to be able to predict the development of a high and localized triaxial stress and strain fields caused by the presence of high levels of angular deformation. Finally, the obtained numerical results are analytically studied with the cylindrical components of the Green–Lagrange strain tensor and experimentally validated with the measurements of shear strains via Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and the corresponding torque – twist angle curve.

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2

Dowdell, D. J., H. H. E. Leipholz, and T. H. Topper. "The modified life law applied to SAE-1045 steel." International Journal of Fracture 31, no. 1 (May 1986): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00033927.

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3

Andreatta, Francesco, Laura Matesanz, Adriano H. Akita, Luca Paussa, Lorenzo Fedrizzi, Cecílio S. Fugivara, Jose M. Gómez de Salazar, and Assis V. Benedetti. "SAE 1045 steel/WC–Co/Ni–Cu–Ni/SAE 1045 steel joints prepared by dynamic diffusion bonding: Microelectrochemical studies in 0.6M NaCl solution." Electrochimica Acta 55, no. 2 (December 2009): 551–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.09.025.

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4

Montilla, Carlos Alberto, Hernán Alberto González, Valentina Kallewaard, and José Luis Tristancho. "Corrosion Behavior of an AISI/SAE Steel Cut by Electropulsing." Materials 12, no. 22 (November 18, 2019): 3782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12223782.

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The effect of electropulsing treatment (EPT) on the surface general corrosion behavior of an AISI/SAE 1045 steel under different machining regimes is studied. In the study, the following variables are alternated: high-speed steel (HSS) vs. hard metal (HM), and with and without the assistance of high-density electropulses. The corrosion rates are determined using comparative studies such as gravimetric analysis, salt spray chamber test, electrochemical polarization curve techniques (PC), and linear polarization resistance (LPR). Differences in surface microhardness were evaluated by applying optical microscopy and planimetric procedures. Specimens subjected to electropulses and turned with HM reported greater reductions of corrosion rates. Changes in corrosion behavior can be explained in terms of grain shape factor h variation. The present study demonstrates that electropulsing affects the corrosion behavior of AISI/SAE 1045 steel after the turning process.

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5

Neto, Francisco Cavilha, Marcio Celso Fredel, Milton Pereira, and Luiz Eduardo dos Santos Paes. "Laser power modulation to grain refinement of SAE 1045 steel welds." Journal of Laser Applications 32, no. 2 (May 2020): 022027. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/7.0000096.

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6

Diehl, Carla Adriana Theis Soares, Alexandre da Silva Rocha, Jérémy Epp, and Hans-Werner Zoch. "Experimental Analysis of Residual Stresses in Pre-Straightened SAE 1045 Steel." Materials Research 20, no. 6 (August 24, 2017): 1554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2017-0344.

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7

Kadhim, Nawar A., Shahrum Abdullah, Ahmad Kamal Ariffin, and N. Nik Abdullah. "Experimental and Analytical Durability Assessment of SAE 1045 Steel under Service Loadings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 165 (April 2012): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.165.83.

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Durability assessment of automotive lower suspension arm has been studied under service loadings. The fatigue tests were conducting for the SAE 1045 steel based strain-controlled. To specify the material mechanical properties of the used material, a fatigue test under constant amplitude loading has been carried out then the results were provided for the finite element code. The finite element fatigue life were evaluated and compared with the experimental results. The accuracy and efficiency of the numerical models are demonstrated. This tool cannot be considered as a powerful alternative prior to the further experimental process. Instead, suitable fatigue prediction models under service loadings need to be developed.

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8

Mohammad, M., Shahrum Abdullah, Nordin Jamaludin, and O. Innayatullah. "Life Prediction of SAE 1045 Carbon Steel Using the Acoustic Emission Parameter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 471 (December 2013): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.471.329.

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The competency of acoustic emission (AE) technique in order to predict the fatigue life of SAE 1045 carbon steel was discussed in this paper. The correlation of the AE parameter and the number of cycles to failure of the tested specimens were established via the statistical approach. In this paper, The AE hits were selected as the functional parameter. The fatigue life values were calculated using the strain-life approach of three models; Coffin-Manson, Smith-Watson Topper and Morrow. Both AE and strain signals used in the analysis were captured using the AE sensor and strain gauge that were attached to the specimen during the fatigue test. The results show that the AE technique has a good potential in assessing the fatigue life with the designed H-N curve (AE hits-number of cycles to failure curve).

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9

Müller Hammes, Jonas, Ariane Ferreira Porto Rosa, and Eduardo Walker. "Optimization of Surface Finish in Cylindrical External Turning a SAE 1045 steel." Revista Gestão da Produção Operações e Sistemas 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 138–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.15675/gepros.v12i2.1640.

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10

Zheng, M., C. Hu, Z. J. Luo, and X. Zheng. "Damage characterization of SAE 1020 and 1045 steel under torsion and compression." Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics 21, no. 2 (September 1994): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8442(94)00028-x.

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11

Montilla Montaña, Carlos Alberto, Jeison Steven Jaramillo Blandón, and Andrés Felipe Rodríguez Valencia. "Influence of metal turning assisted with high density current pulses on surface hardness in an AISI/SAE 1045 steel." Scientia et technica 24, no. 2 (June 30, 2019): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.22517/23447214.20211.

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Dentro de la familia de procesos de conformado asistidos eléctricamente (Electrically Assisted Forming) EAF, el proceso híbrido de torneado asistido in situ con electropulsos, viene siendo estudiado para determinar la influencia de electropulsos en la potencia de mecanizado, acabado superficial y macrodureza. Aplicando técnicas de DOE, el presente trabajo de investigación se centra en estudiar como respuesta la macrodureza en un acero AISI/SAE 1045 sometido a un proceso de torneado asistido eléctricamente, considerando diferentes factores. Los resultados obtenidos a partir del análisis de varianza ANOVA, muestran que la velocidad de avance tiene influencia sobre la dureza superficial del material. Así mismo, la interacción entre los factores frecuencia de pulsos y ancho de pulso del proceso de torneado asistido eléctricamente, evidencia un impacto en la dureza superficial del acero AISI/SAE 1045. Se aborda también la interacción tiple entre velocidad de avance, frecuencia de pulsos y ancho de pulso, y su incidencia en la característica de respuesta bajo estudio.

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12

Martin, U., I. Altenberger, B. Scholtes, K. Kremmer, and H. Oettel. "Cyclic deformation and near surface microstructures of normalized shot peened steel SAE 1045." Materials Science and Engineering: A 246, no. 1-2 (May 1998): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(97)00755-7.

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13

Carrasquero, E. J., J. Lesage, E. S. Puchi-Cabrera, and M. H. Staia. "Fretting wear of HVOF Ni–Cr based alloy deposited on SAE 1045 steel." Surface and Coatings Technology 202, no. 18 (June 2008): 4544–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.04.040.

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14

Guillén, Jorge Terán, Sergio Cicero, Miguel Martínez Madrid, Miguel Anaya Díaz, and Maura Arroyo Olvera. "Structural Integrity Assessment of the Welded SAE/AISI 1045 Steel for Structural Use." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 33, no. 4 (April 2021): 04021043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0003620.

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15

Yazdania, Sasan, Nariman Yoozbashi, and Alireza Ebrahimi. "Enhancement of Fatigue Strength of SAE 1045 Steel by Tempering Treatment and Shot Peening." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.41.

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Effects of tempering temperature and shot peening on fatigue behavior of SAE 1045 steel are reported. Tensile and fatigue property measurements are reported for samples tempered and shot peened at 300 and 550°C. Microstructural studies and fracture surface observations were carried out by optical and scanning electron microscopes. The experimental results showed that, fatigue strength increases with decrease of tempering temperature and shot peening treatment. SEM analyses indicated that all three stages of fatigue fracture affected by tempering treatment whilst shot peening treatment only have an effect on the crack initiation stage.

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16

Ruffing, C., Yu Ivanisenko, and E. Kerscher. "A comparison of the fatigue and fracture behavior of high strength ultrafine grained medium carbon steel SAE 1045 with high strength bearing steel SAE 52100." Procedia Structural Integrity 2 (2016): 3240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2016.06.404.

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17

Carrasquero, Edwuin, Arnoud Tricoteaux, Jorge Fajardo, and Luis López. "Sliding wear performance of thermally sprayed Ni-Cr based alloy deposited on SAE 1045 steel." MRS Advances 4, no. 57-58 (2019): 3113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2019.396.

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ABSTRACTThe present work has been carried out in order to investigate the sliding wear performance of a Ni-Cr based alloy, containing boron, carbon, silicon and iron, deposited onto a SAE 1045 steel substrate. The coatings were thermally sprayed by means of a High Velocity Oxy-Fuel system and post heat-treated for one hour at 760°C in an argon atmosphere. The relative sliding performance was evaluated under unlubricated dry conditions at different applied normal loads and sliding velocities, in order to analyze the influence of these parameters on the wear response. Test results are discussed and interpreted on the basis of both microstructural evaluations and mechanical properties measurements. The surface morphology and topography of the wear scars have been studied through of a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The results have shown an improved wear resistance of the coated steel samples as compared to the uncoated ones.

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18

Christ, H. J., C. K. Wamukwamba, and H. Mughrabi. "The effect of mean stress on the high-temperature fatigue behaviour of SAE 1045 steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 234-236 (August 1997): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(97)00223-2.

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19

Zeng, D. W., C. S. Xie, and K. C. Yung. "Mesostructured composite coating on SAE 1045 carbon steel synthesized in situ by laser surface alloying." Materials Letters 56, no. 5 (November 2002): 680–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(02)00578-5.

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20

Saalfeld, Stephanie, Berthold Scholtes, and Thomas Niendorf. "On the influence of overloads on the fatigue performance of deep rolled steel SAE 1045." International Journal of Fatigue 126 (September 2019): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2019.05.001.

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21

Saalfeld, Stephanie, Thomas Wegener, Berthold Scholtes, and Thomas Niendorf. "Thermal Stability of Residual Stresses in Differently Deep Rolled Surface Layers of Steel SAE 1045." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 30, no. 8 (May 7, 2021): 6160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-05798-x.

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AbstractThe stability of compressive residual stresses generated by deep rolling plays a decisive role on the fatigue behavior of specimens and components, respectively. In this regard, deep rolling at elevated temperature has proven to be very effective in stabilizing residual stresses when fatigue analysis is conducted at ambient temperature. However, since residual stresses can be affected not only by plastic deformation but also when thermal energy is provided, it is necessary to analyze the influence of temperature and time on the relaxation behavior of residual stresses at elevated temperature. To evaluate the effect of deep rolling at elevated temperatures on stability limits under thermal as well as combined thermo-mechanical loads, the present work introduces and discusses the results of investigations on the thermal stability of residual stresses in differently deep rolled material conditions of the steel SAE 1045.

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22

Mohammad, M., A. Tajuddin, S. Abdullah, N. Jamaluddin, and B. I. S. Murat. "Fatigue damage monitoring using un-supervised clustering method of acoustic emission signal on SAE 1045 steel." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AUTOMOTIVE AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 13, no. 3 (December 30, 2016): 3584–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.13.3.2016.5.0295.

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23

Saalfeld, Stephanie, Torben Oevermann, Thomas Niendorf, and Berthold Scholtes. "Consequences of deep rolling on the fatigue behavior of steel SAE 1045 at high loading amplitudes." International Journal of Fatigue 118 (January 2019): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2018.09.014.

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24

POMPETZKI, M., T. TOPPER, and D. DUQUESNAY. "The effect of compressive underloads and tensile overloads on fatigue damage accumulation in SAE 1045 steel." International Journal of Fatigue 12, no. 3 (May 1990): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-1123(90)90097-x.

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25

Guerra, L., F. Echeverría, and E. Correa. "Effect of pH on Dimethylamine Borane Reduced Electroless Nickel Deposits on AISI/SAE 1045 Steel Surface." Metals and Materials International 26, no. 6 (July 17, 2019): 773–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12540-019-00362-8.

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26

Puchi-Cabrera, E. S., M. H. Staia, M. J. Ortiz-Mancilla, J. G. La Barbera-Sosa, E. A. Ochoa Pérez, C. Villalobos-Gutiérrez, S. Bellayer, M. Traisnel, D. Chicot, and J. Lesage. "Fatigue behavior of a SAE 1045 steel coated with Colmonoy 88 alloy deposited by HVOF thermal spray." Surface and Coatings Technology 205, no. 4 (November 2010): 1119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.01.011.

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27

Teng, Zhenjie, Haoran Wu, Christian Boller, and Peter Starke. "Thermodynamic entropy as a marker of high‐cycle fatigue damage accumulation: Example for normalized SAE 1045 steel." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 43, no. 12 (July 19, 2020): 2854–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ffe.13303.

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28

Imran, M., S. Siddique, R. Guchinsky, S. Petinov, and F. Walther. "Comparison of fatigue life assessment by analytical, experimental and damage accumulation modelling approach for steel SAE 1045." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 39, no. 9 (March 4, 2016): 1138–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ffe.12426.

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29

Akhyar, Ibrahim, and M. Sayuti. "Effect of Heat Treatment on Hardness and Microstructures of AISI 1045." Advanced Materials Research 1119 (July 2015): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1119.575.

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The SAE/ AISI 1045, a type of medium carbon steel, is used most commonly in various structural and element of machines. Sometime, it failed during the in-service, which assumed to be caused by cracking in material as the effect of casting, manufacturing, or heat treatment processes. The current research was developed to find out the effect of hardening and of tempering processes toward hardness, microstructure and cracking. The objectives of the current research are to obtain the effect of cooling rates toward the hardness and cracking and to define a proper cooling media to get a martensite microstructure without cracking of heat resistant products. Results showed that the chemical composition from the spectrometry test confirmed that the specimens were classified as AISI 1045 or JIS S45C. The hardness values properties increased with increase of temperature, except at 1000 °C. The specimens having the hardness property more than that of ASME II standard were not useable due to its brittle.

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30

Neves, Frederico Ozanan, Antônio Célio Moreira Junior, and Alex Sander Chaves da Silva. "Evaluation of Residual Stress on Steel Parts Welded and Milled." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4826020.

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Welded parts are common in mechanical engineering. As all manufactured parts, they also present residual stresses introduced by the corresponding manufacturing process. Residual stresses can be beneficial or not because they can increase or reduce the useful life of the mechanical components, particularly when they are subjected to a cyclic stress in which they can fail by fatigue. In this study, SAE 1045 steel samples were welded by metal inert gas process, varying the speed and welding current. The welded samples were thereafter milled, including the welded region. Residual stresses on material as received, welded, and welded and subsequently milled were evaluated through the microhardness method. A factorial statistical design was used, and the results were studied by analysis of variance. It can be concluded that, in general, welding introduces compressive residual stresses which are improved by posterior milling operation, and there is an optimal set of operating parameters for this condition.

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31

Socie, D. "Multiaxial Fatigue Damage Models." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 109, no. 4 (October 1, 1987): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3225980.

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Two multiaxial fatigue damage models are proposed: a shear strain model for failures that are primarily mode II crack growth and a tensile strain model for failures that are primarily mode I crack growth. The failure mode is shown to be dependent on material, strain range and hydrostatic stress state. Tests to support these models were conducted with Inconel 718, SAE 1045, and AISI Type 304 stainless steel tubular specimens in strain control. Both proportional and non-proportional loading histories were considered. It is shown that the additional cyclic hardening that accompanies out of phase loading cannot be neglected in the fatigue damage model.

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32

Quoc Huy VU, Dinh Quy VU, and Thi Tuyet Nhung LE. "Fatigue Life Prediction Under Multiaxial Variable Amplitude Loading Using A Stress-Based Criterion." International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 1 (January 2020): 33–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2020010103.

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This article presents fatigue life calculations for metals under different multiaxial variable amplitude loading patterns. Developed from a stress-based multiaxial fatigue criterion, a damage parameter used in the fatigue life prediction method can capture correctly different damage mechanisms (proportional and non-proportional multiaxiality, mean stress, asynchronous and variable amplitude) of fatigue loading in the high cycle fatigue domain. The method is based on a reference S-N curve and a cumulative damage law. Assessment of the accuracy of the proposed method is carried out with three different materials from literature (EN-GS800-2 cast iron, 39NiCrMo3 steel and SAE 1045 steel) subjected to different patterns of variable amplitude loading (blocks, non-proportional asynchronous and proportional random loading). Results reveal that the prediction method is in good accordance with the experimental data.

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33

Souza, Adriel Magalhães, Fernando Ferreira Del Monte, and Renato De Camargo Bortholin. "Verification of Changes in the Mechanical Properties and Microstructures Provided by Different Heat Treatments on Sae 1045 Steel." International Review of Mechanical Engineering (IREME) 10, no. 3 (May 31, 2016): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.15866/ireme.v10i3.7876.

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34

Zeng, D. W., C. S. Xie, and M. Q. Wang. "In situ synthesis and characterization of Fep/Cu composite coating on SAE 1045 carbon steel by laser cladding." Materials Science and Engineering: A 344, no. 1-2 (March 2003): 357–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(02)00451-3.

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35

Puchi-Cabrera, E. S., M. H. Staia, J. Lesage, D. Chicot, J. G. La Barbera-Sosa, and E. A. Ochoa-Pérez. "Fatigue performance of a SAE 1045 steel coated with a Colmonoy 88 alloy deposited by HVOF thermal spraying." Surface and Coatings Technology 201, no. 5 (October 2006): 2038–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.04.054.

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36

Varvani-Farahani and Topper. "Closure-free biaxial fatigue crack growth rate and life prediction under various biaxiality ratios in SAE 1045 steel." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 22, no. 8 (August 1999): 697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.1999.00189.x.

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37

Varvani-Farahani, A., and T. H. Topper. "Closure-free biaxial fatigue crack growth rate and life prediction under various biaxiality ratios in SAE 1045 steel." Fatigue Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 22, no. 8 (August 1999): 697–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.1999.t01-1-00189.x.

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38

Sampaio, Marco Aurélio, Álisson Rocha Machado, Carlos Augusto Henning Laurindo, Ricardo Diego Torres, and Fred Lacerda Amorim. "Influence of minimum quantity of lubrication (MQL) when turning hardened SAE 1045 steel: a comparison with dry machining." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 98, no. 1-4 (June 16, 2018): 959–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2342-x.

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39

Cárdenas-Arias, C. G., A. D. Rincón-Quintero, C. L. Sandoval-Rodriguez, B. E. Tarazona-Romero, J. S. Muñoz-Gutierrez, J. L. Jímenez-Rueda, and O. A. Acosta-Cárdenas. "AISI SAE 1045 steel tenacity variation evaluation subjected to corrosion process by chloride using the Charpy pendulum machine." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1154, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1154/1/012033.

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40

Kümmel, Johannes, Jens Gibmeier, Volker Schulze, and Alexander Wanner. "Effect of Built-Up Edge Formation on Residual Stresses Induced by Dry Cutting of Normalized Steel." Advanced Materials Research 996 (August 2014): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.996.603.

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The tool and workpiece surface layer states of the tribosystem uncoated WC-Co cutting tools vs. normalised SAE 1045 workpiece material are studied in detail for a dry metal cutting process. Within the system the cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, cutting depth) determine the wear state of the cutting tool and the resulting surface layer state (residual stress) in the workpiece. As the built-up edge can be used as a possible wear protecting layer [1] the influence of built-up edge and wear behaviour of the cutting tool was examined with respect to the workpiece surface layer state for knowledge based metal cutting processing. Small compressive stresses (-60-80 MPa) are induced in the surface layer, that are nearly homogeneous for the highest built-up edge, which lead to the lowest tool wear in combination with lowest cutting temperature.

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41

da Nóbrega, Ana Cecilia Vieira, Luís Augusto Sousa Marques Rocha, Edith Ariza Avila, Antonio Eduardo Martinelli, Dulce Maria de Araújo Melo, and Maria das Vitórias Vieira Almeida de Sá. "Effect of the Acid Environment on the Electrochemical Behaviour of 1045 Steel Reinforced Cement." Materials Science Forum 730-732 (November 2012): 763–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.730-732.763.

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External corrosion is one of the most common causes of oilwell casing failure. Hostile environments can be due to acidizing treatments. Although it is common to add corrosion inhibitors and oxygen scavengers in acidic solutions to control external casing corrosion, their real efficiency is unknown yet. Therefore, it is important to establish how aggressive to steel are the different hostile environments to help decide which acidic systems can be used. A comparative evaluation of the corrosion of steel immersed in hardened cement slurries submitted to commonly acidizing agents is suggested. The performance of Special Class Portland Cement Slurries reinforced with polished SAE 1045 steel was evaluated by electrochemical measurements as a function of time. Open circuit potential, polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were studied. 15.0 wt% HCl, 12.0 wt% HCl + 3.0 wt% HF (regular mud acid), 10.0 wt% HAc + 1.5 wt% HF and a simulated hardened cement slurry pore solution were used as electrolytes. The most aggressive acid solution to plain Portland hardened cement slurries was the regular mud acid. 10.0 wt% HAc + 1.5 wt% HF electrolytes were the least aggressive ones, showing open circuit potentials around +250 mV compared to -130 mV of the simulated hardened cement slurry pore solution after the first 24 hours of immersion. This behavior was observed during two months at least. Similar corrosion rates were shown between both electrolytes, around 0.01 μA.cm-2. Total impedance values, insipient arcs and large polarization resistance capacitive arcs on the Nyquist plots, indicating passivity process, confirmed the behaviour of the system in the 10.0 wt% HAc + 1.5 wt% HF electrolyte.

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42

de Castro, Victor Velho, Luiz Antonio Mazzini Fontoura, Juliano Dornelas Benfica, Marcus Seferin, Joyson Luiz Pacheco, and Carlos Alexandre dos Santos. "Lubricated sliding wear of SAE 1045 and SAE 52100 steel against alumina in the presence of biodiesel, diesel and a 50:50 blend of those fuels." Wear 368-369 (December 2016): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2016.09.026.

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43

Bonnen, J. J. F., F. A. Conle, and T. H. Topper. "The role of in-phase and out-of-phase overloads on the torsional fatigue of normalized SAE-1045 steel." International Journal of Fatigue 23 (2001): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0142-1123(01)00135-9.

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Cárdenas-Arias, C. G., A. D. Rincón-Quintero, A. Santos-Jaimes, C. L. Sandoval-Rodriguez, D. F. Rojas-Gomez, and S. J. Ardila-Galvis. "Elasticity modulus variation of the AISI SAE 1045 steel subjected to corrosion process by chloride using tension test destructive." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 844 (June 30, 2020): 012059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/844/1/012059.

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Bonnen, John J. F., and Timothy H. Topper. "Experimental determination and modelling of long crack crack-face interference-free crack propagation behaviour in normalized SAE 1045 steel." Engineering Fracture Mechanics 75, no. 3-4 (February 2008): 804–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2007.01.025.

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Mohammad, M., S. Abdullah, N. Jamaludin, and O. Innayatullah. "Predicting the fatigue life of the SAE 1045 steel using an empirical Weibull-based model associated to acoustic emission parameters." Materials & Design (1980-2015) 54 (February 2014): 1039–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.09.021.

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Rosa, Avital Gabriel de Almeida, Jéferson Aparecido Moreto, Marcos Dorigão Manfrinato, and Luciana Sgarbi Rossino. "Study on friction and wear behavior of SAE 1045 steel, reinforced nylon 6.6 and NBR rubber used in clutch disks." Materials Research 17, no. 6 (December 2014): 1397–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1516-1439.282714.

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Ahmad, S. R., A. Arifin, S. Abdullah, and S. A. N. Mohamed. "Magnetic flux gradient observation during fatigue crack propagation: A case study of SAE 1045 carbon steel used for automotive transmission parts." MATEC Web of Conferences 90 (December 20, 2016): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20179001035.

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Weisse, M., C. K. Wamukwamba, H. J. Christ, and H. Mughrabi. "The cyclic deformation and fatigue behaviour of the low carbon steel SAE 1045 in the temperature regime of dynamic strain ageing." Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 41, no. 7 (July 1993): 2227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-7151(93)90392-6.

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Lian, Guofu, Mingpu Yao, Yang Zhang, and Xu Huang. "Analysis and Respond Surface Methodology Modeling on Property and Performance of Two-Dimensional Gradient Material Laser Cladding on Die-cutting Tool." Materials 11, no. 10 (October 21, 2018): 2052. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11102052.

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Abstract:

Die-cutting tools have been widely applied in industrial production. However, different forms of failure on a blade, such as wear and fracture, can greatly reduce its service life. In this research, the die-cutting tool was selected as the object, a mixture of high speed steel powder and 304 stainless steel powder was coated as a gradient cladding layer onto the surface of AISI/SAE 1045 steel by laser cladding. The central composition design of the response surface methodology was adopted to establish a mathematical model between the pore area of the multi-layer, multi-track cladding, and its processing parameters: Laser Power (LP), Scanning Speed (SS), Gas Flow (GF), and Overlapping Rate (OR). This model was validated by variance analysis and inspection indicators. The actual experiment value by processing parameters optimization for achieving the smallest pore area showed a 4.41% error compared with the predicted value. The internal structure of the cladding layer is uniform. The defects, such as pores and cracks, meet the requirements. The wear resistance on the cutting edge is about 4.5 times compared with the substrate. The results provide a theoretical guidance for the controlling and prediction of the laser cladding forming quality on a two-dimensional gradient material and the optimization of the processing parameters.

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