Relevant bibliographies by topics / Steel Slag

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Steel Slag'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Steel Slag"

1

Zhang, Kaitian, Jianhua Liu, and Heng Cui. "Investigation on the Slag-Steel Reaction of Mold Fluxes Used for Casting Al-TRIP Steel." Metals 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9040398.

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The reaction between [Al] in molten steel and (SiO2) in the liquid slag layer was one of the restrictive factors in the quality control for high Al-TRIP steel continuous casting. In this work, the composition and property variations of two slags during a slag-steel reaction were analyzed. Accordingly, the crystalline morphologies of slag were discussed and the solid layer lubrication performance was evaluated by Jackson α factors. In addition, a simple kinetics equilibrium model was established to analyze the factors which affected SiO2 consumption. The results reflected that slag-steel reacted rapidly in the first 20 minutes, resulting in the variation of viscosity and the melting temperature of slags. The slag-steel reaction also affected the crystal morphology significantly. Slag was precipitated as crystals with a higher melting temperature, a higher Jackson α factor, and a rougher boundary with the consumption of SiO2 and the generation of Al2O3. In other words, although generated Al2O3 acted as a network modifier to decrease the viscosity of the liquid slag layer adjacent slab shell, the consumption of SiO2 led to the deterioration of the lubrication performance in the solid slag layer adjacent copper, which was detrimental to the quality control for high Al-TRIP steel. Finally, a kinetics equilibrium model indicated that it is possible to reduce a slag-steel reaction by adjusting factors, such as the diffusion coefficient k, cSiO2, ρf and Lf, during the actual continuous casting process.
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Zhao, Shuo, Zushu Li, Renze Xu, Darbaz Khasraw, Gaoyang Song, and Dong Xu. "Dissolution Behavior of Different Inclusions in High Al Steel Reacted with Refining Slags." Metals 11, no. 11 (November 9, 2021): 1801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11111801.

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Al2O3, Al2O3·TiN, Al2O3·MgO, and CaO·2Al2O3 are four different types of inclusions in high Al steels. To improve the steel cleanness level, the effective removal of such inclusions during secondary refining is very important, so these inclusions should be removed effectively via inclusion dissolution in the slag. The dissolution behavior of Al2O3, Al2O3·TiN, Al2O3·MgO, and CaO·2Al2O3 in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slags, as well as the steel-slag reaction, was investigated using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and high-temperature furnace experiments, and thermodynamic calculations for the inclusion in steel were carried out by FactSage 7.1. The results showed that Al2O3·TiN was observed to be completely different from the other oxides. The composite oxides dissolved quickly in the slags, and the dissolution time of the inclusions increased as their melting point increased. SiO2 and B2O3 in the slag were almost completely reacted with [Al] in steel, so the slags without SiO2 showed a positive effect for avoiding the formation of Al2O3 system inclusions and promoting inclusions dissolution as compared with SiO2-rich slags. The steel-slag reaction was also found to influence the inclusion types in steel significantly. Because of the rapid absorption of different inclusions in the slag, it was found that the dissolution time of inclusions mainly depends on the diffusion in the molten slag.
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Liu, Chengsong, Xiaoqin Liu, Xiaoliu Yang, Hua Zhang, and Ming Zhong. "Kinetics of MgO Reduction in CaO-Al2O3-MgO Slag by Al in Liquid Fe." Metals 9, no. 9 (September 10, 2019): 998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9090998.

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Kinetics analysis without fully taking into account the effect of mass transport in slag phase on MgO reduction by Al in liquid steel would lead to overestimation of Mg pickup by steel and driving force of the reaction. Two rate models considering mass transport in (a) steel melt phase only (single control model) and (b) steel and slag melt phases (mixed control model) were developed for evaluating the thermodynamic equilibria between CaO-Al2O3-MgO slags and Al-killed steels. Calculated results from the two models were compared and then validated by equilibrium experiments between a CaO-Al2O3-MgO slag (Al2O3-saturated) and Al-killed steels with different Al levels at 1873 K (1600 °C). Results showed that the calculated reaction rate in the mixed control model was always lower than that in the single control model due to the slow mass transport in the slag phase. The mass transfer coefficient of [Mg] in the steel was computed to be 6.2 × 10−5 m/s from the equilibrium experiment results between an Fe-1.0 mass% Al steel and 51 mass% CaO-39 mass% Al2O3-10 mass% MgO slag at 1873 K (1600 °C), with which the mixed control model was validated at different initial Al levels in the steels.
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Liao, Jie Long, Zhao Hui Zhang, Jian Tao Ju, and Fu Cai Zhao. "Comparative Analysis of Steel Slag Characteristics and Treatment Process." Advanced Materials Research 834-836 (October 2013): 378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.834-836.378.

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Steel slag is hydraulic cementing material, which is mainly applicable approach to the production of cement, admixture of high performance concrete, road engineering. But as a result of hydration expansion of the free calcium oxide and free magnesium oxide and dicalcium silicate morphological changes which is contained in slag cause poor stability of steel slag used in engineering, the steel slag utilization is very low. Therefore, the key technology of steel slag treatment process is to improve the stability of steel slag. Steel slag is alkaline slag, with lower temperature, the viscosity increases sharply, the liquidity variation, it is one of the important factors affect the steel slag processing, According to the need for different liquidity of steel slag to choose the corresponding steel slag treatment technology. Tank-type hot disintegrating, Rotary cylinder technology processing available to small particle size, good steel slag separation, active promotion of slags, conducive to the comprehensive utilization of steel slag.
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Zhao, Qiang, Lang Pang, and Dengquan Wang. "Adverse Effects of Using Metallurgical Slags as Supplementary Cementitious Materials and Aggregate: A Review." Materials 15, no. 11 (May 26, 2022): 3803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15113803.

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This paper discusses a sustainable way to prepare construction materials from metallurgical slags. Steel slag, copper slag, lead-zinc slag, and electric furnace ferronickel slag are the most common metallurgical slags that could be used as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and aggregates. However, they have some adverse effects that could significantly limit their applications when used in cement-based materials. The setting time is significantly delayed when steel slag is utilized as an SCM. With the addition of 30% steel slag, the initial setting time and final setting time are delayed by approximately 60% and 40%, respectively. Because the specific gravity of metallurgical slags is 10–40% higher than that of natural aggregates, metallurgical slags tend to promote segregation when utilized as aggregates. Furthermore, some metallurgical slags deteriorate the microstructure of hardened pastes, resulting in higher porosity, lower mechanical properties, and decreased durability. In terms of safety, there are issues with the soundness of steel slag, the alkali-silica reaction involving cement and electric furnace ferronickel slag, and the environmental safety concerns, due to the leaching of heavy metals from copper slag and lead-zinc slag.
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Xu, Haiqin, Shaopeng Wu, Hechuan Li, Yuechao Zhao, and Yang Lv. "Study on Recycling of Steel Slags Used as Coarse and Fine Aggregates in Induction Healing Asphalt Concretes." Materials 13, no. 4 (February 17, 2020): 889. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13040889.

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Steel slag, a by-product of steelmaking, imposes lots of negative impacts on the environment. For alleviating negative impacts, more and more experiments have been carried out to explore the application possibility of steel slag. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of steel slag being applied in induction healing asphalt concretes to replace coarse and fine aggregate. Surface texture and pore sizes of steel slag were firstly tested, and then steel slag and basalt asphalt mixtures modified with steel fibers were prepared. Moisture susceptibility, dynamic stability, mechanical property, thermal property, induction heating speed, natural cooling speed and healing property of the asphalt mixtures were evaluated. Results showed that steel slags had more obvious holes in the surface while the surface area is much larger than that of basalt. Furthermore, steel fibers and steel slag both have dynamic stability, and steel fibers contribute to increased moisture resistance while steel slag is not. Steel slag asphalt concrete showed better mechanical property and better capacity to store heating. Steel slag asphalt mixtures had a similar heating speed to basalt asphalt mixtures but a significantly slower cooling rate. Finally, the induction healing test and CT scanning test demonstrated that steel slag asphalt mixtures had a similar healing ability to basalt asphalt mixtures. It can be concluded that steel slags have the potential to replace the natural aggregates to be applied in induction heating self-healing asphalt concretes.
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Michelic, S. K., and C. Bernhard. "Experimental Study on the Behavior of TiN and Ti2O3 Inclusions in Contact with CaO‐Al2O3‐SiO2‐MgO Slags." Scanning 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2326750.

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TiN and Ti2O3 are the predominant inclusion types in Ti-alloyed ferritic chromium stainless steels. In order to ensure the required steel cleanness level, an effective removal of such inclusions in the slag during secondary metallurgy is essential. This inclusion removal predominantly takes place via dissolution of the inclusion in the slag. The dissolution behavior of TiN and Ti2O3 in CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO slags as well as their agglomeration behavior in the liquid steel is investigated using High Temperature Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy and Tammann Furnace experiments. Thermodynamic calculations are performed using FactSage 7.0. The behavior of TiN is observed to be completely different to that of oxides. Ti2O3 dissolves quickly in slags, and its dissolution behavior is comparable to that of other already well examined oxides. In contrast, TiN shows a very intense gas reaction which is attributed to the release of nitrogen during contact with slag. Slags with higher SiO2 content show a significantly higher ability for the dissolution of TiN as compared to Al2O3-rich slags. The gas reaction is found to also significantly influence the final steel cleanness. Despite the easy absorption of TiN in the slag, the formed nitrogen supports the formation of pinholes in the steel.
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Liu, Yu, Zhao Zhang, Guangqiang Li, Yang Wu, Xijie Wang, and Baokuan Li. "Effect of SiO2 containing slag for electroslag remelting on inclusion modification of 42CrMo steel." Metallurgical Research & Technology 116, no. 6 (2019): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2019063.

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Five heats were carried out to study the effects of SiO2 containing slag for electroslag remelting (ESR) on inclusion characteristics of 42CrMo steel. Fluoride vaporization at elevated temperature from slags was also explored by thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that fluoride vaporization is dominated by slag viscosity and component activities in the melt. Slag composition has an important effect on the composition of the oxide inclusion. For 70 wt% CaF2–30 wt% Al2O3 slag, the compositions of oxide inclusions in remelted steel show no obvious differences compared with the virgin steel. Whereas, SiO2 content in oxide inclusions of steel processed by slag bearing SiO2 show an increasing trend with increase of SiO2 content in 50 wt% CaF2–CaO–SiO2 slag, and the MgO · Al2O3 inclusions are modified to (Al,Ca,Mg,Si)O inclusions with low melting temperature. Al2O3 contents in oxide inclusions are also closely related to the Al2O3 concentration in the molten slag, which increase with the addition of Al2O3 in slag bearing SiO2. In testing various slags, the incorporation of slag T2 with 50 wt% CaF2–30 wt% CaO–20 wt% SiO2 shows the highest cleanliness in remelted steel. This implies that slag T2 can be a promising slag for ESR process of alloy steel requiring Al content refinement due to less fluoride vaporization from slag and better inclusions modification.
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Ren, Zhengyi, and Dongsheng Li. "Application of Steel Slag as an Aggregate in Concrete Production: A Review." Materials 16, no. 17 (August 25, 2023): 5841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16175841.

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Steel slag is a solid waste produced in crude steel smelting, and a typical management option is stockpiling in slag disposal yards. Over the years, the massive production of steel slags and the continuous use of residue yards have led to vast occupation of land resources and caused severe environmental concerns. Steel slag particles can potentially be used as aggregates in concrete production. However, the volume stability of steel slag is poor, and the direct use of untreated steel slag aggregate (SSA) may cause cracking and spalling of concrete. The present research summarizes, analyzes, and compares the chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of steel slags. The mechanism and treatment methods of volume expansion are introduced, and the advantages, disadvantages, and applicable targets of these methods are discussed. Then, the latest research progress of steel slag aggregate concrete (SSAC) is reviewed. Using SSA leads to an increase in the density of concrete and a decrease in workability, but the mechanical properties and durability of SSAC are superior to natural aggregate concrete (NAC). Finally, future research in this field is proposed to motivate further studies and guide decision-making.
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Socha, L., K. Michalek, J. Bažan, K. Gryc, P. Machovčák, A. Opler, and P. Styrnal. "Evaluation of Influence of Briquetted Synthetic Slags on Slag Regime and Process of Steel Desulphurization." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 809–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0138.

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Abstract This paper presents the industrial results of evaluation of efficiency of synthetic slags during the treatment of steel at the equipment of the secondary metallurgy under conditions of the steel plant VÍTKOVICE HEAVY MACHINERY a.s. The aim of the heats was to assess the influence of the briquetted and sintered synthetic slags based on Al2O3 aiming the course of the steel desulphurization and slag regime during the production and treatment of steel grade 42CrMo4 with the technology EAF→LF→ VD. Within the plant experiments, basic parameters influencing the steel desulphurization and slag regime were monitored: desulphurization degree, basicity, content of easily reducible oxides, proportion of CaO/Al2O3 and Mannesmann’s index. Obtained results allowed to compare the steel desulphurization and to evaluate the slag regime. It was proved that the synthetic slag presenting the briquetted mixture of secondary corundum raw materials can adequately replace the synthetic slag created from the sintered mixture of natural raw materials.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Steel Slag"

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Berryman, Eleanor. "Carbonation of steel slag." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110434.

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Iron and steel production is a rapidly growing industry with global outputs increasing 65% over the last ten years (World Steel Association, 2012). Unfortunately, it is also the largest industrial source of atmospheric CO2, accounting for a quarter of the CO2 emissions from industrial sources (International Energy Agency (IEA), 2007).Mineral carbonation provides a robust method for permanent sequestration of CO2 that is environmentally inert. Larnite (Ca2SiO4), the major constituent of steel slag, reacts readily with aqueous CO2 (Santos et al., 2009). Consequently, its carbonation offers an important opportunity to reduce CO2 emissions at source. A potential added benefit is that this treatment may render steel slag suitable for recycling. This study investigates the impact of temperature, fluid flux and reaction gradient on the dissolution and carbonation of steel slag, and is part of a larger study designed to determine the conditions under which conversion of larnite, and other calcium silicates, to calcite is optimized. Experiments were conducted on 2 – 3 mm diameter steel slag grains supplied by Tata Steel RD&T. A CO2-H2O mixture was pumped through a steel flow-through reactor containing these grains. For a given experiment, temperature was fixed at a value between 120°C and 200°C, pressure was 250 bar, and the fluid flux was fixed at 0.8 mL/cm2min or 6 mL/cm2min. Reactions were also carried out in a batch reactor at 180°C and 250 bar, corresponding to a condition of zero flux. The duration of experiments ranged from 3 to 7 days. The CO2-H2O fluid reacted with the steel slag grains to form phosphorus-bearing Ca-carbonate phases. At high fluid flux, 6 mL/cm2min, these phases dissolved at the edges of slag grains, leaving behind a porous rind of aluminum and iron oxides. Increasing temperature increased the rate of this reaction. At low fluid flux, 0.8 mL/cm2min, the extent of carbonation was increased. At the edge of grains, instead of being transformed to porous rinds, primary Ca minerals were replaced by phosphorus-bearing Ca-carbonate phases. As a result of the greater length of reactor used in these experiments, a reaction gradient was observed along which the fluid remained supersaturated with respect to the calcium carbonate, coating the surfaces of the slag grains. Steel slag exposed to the CO2-H2O fluid in the batch reactor was less carbonated; incongruent dissolution of the slag followed by surface coating of the grains by calcium carbonate inhibited further interaction of the slag with the fluid, limiting the extent of possible carbonation.The results of this study show that carbonation of steel slag by aqueous CO2 is feasible using relatively large grains, and that it can be optimised by varying fluid flux. Experiments of the type described above will contribute to the eventual global reduction of industrial CO2 emissions.
L'industrie du fer et de l'acier est en pleine croissance et sa production mondiale a augmenté de 65% au cours des dix dernières années (World Steel Association, 2012). Malheureusement, elle est également responsable d'un quart des émissions industrielles de CO2 ce qui en fait la plus importante source industrielle de CO2 atmosphérique (International Energy Agency (IEA), 2007).La carbonatation minérale fournit une méthode robuste pour la séquestration permanente du CO2 sous une forme écologiquement inerte. La larnite (Ca2SiO4), constituant principal des scories d'acier, réagit aisément avec le CO2 aqueux (Santos et al., 2009). Par conséquent, sa carbonatation offre une importante occasion de réduire à la source les émissions de CO2. Un avantage potentiel supplémentaire de ce traitement est de rendre les scories d'acier convenables pour le recyclage. Cette étude examine l'impact de la température, le flux molaire surfacique du fluide carbonaté, et d'un gradient de réaction sur la dissolution et la carbonatation des scories d'acier. Elle s'inscrit dans une étude plus large visant à déterminer les conditions optimisant la conversion de la larnite, et d'autres silicates de calcium, à la calcite.Des expériences ont été menées sur des grains de scories d'acier d'un diamètre de 2 à 3 mm fournis par Tata Steel RD&T. Un mélange de CO2-H2O a été pompé à travers un réacteur continu contenant ces grains et maintenu à une température entre 120°C et 200°C, une pression de 250 bar et à des flux molaires surfaciques de 0.8 à 6 mmol/cm2min. Chaque expérience a duré de 3 à 7 jours. Le fluide CO2-H2O a réagi avec les grains de scories d'acier et a formé des minéraux de carbonate de calcium contenant du phosphore. À flux molaire surfacique élevé, soit 6 mL/cm2min, ces phases sont dissoutes aux bords des grains, laissant place à une bordure poreuse d'oxydes d'aluminum et de fer. Une augmentation de la température a augmenté la vitesse de cette réaction. A valeur intermédaire de flux molaire surfacique, 0.8 mL/cm2min, le degré de carbonatation a augmenté. Au lieu laisser des bordures poreuses d'oxydes, les minéraux de calcium primaires en marge des grains ont plutôt été remplacés par des phases de calcium carbonate contenant du phosphore. En plus, l'usage d'un réacteur plus long a créé un gradient de réaction et maintenu la supersaturation du fluide relative au carbonate de calcium qui a enrobé les grains. Les scories d'acier exposées au fluide dans un réacteur discontinu (sans flux de fluide) ont été moins carbonatées; la dissolution non-congruente de la scorie a pris place suivie par l'enrobage des grains de scories par le carbonate, et ce dernier a réduit la surface de réaction de la scorie avec le fluide.Les résultats de cette étude démontrent que la carbonatation par le CO2 aqueux des scories d'acier à granulométrie relativement grossière est possible et qu'elle peut être optimisée en variant le flux molaire surfacique du fluide. Les expériences de ce type contribueront à la réduction éventuelle des émissions industrielles globales de CO2.
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Kombathula, Sushanth. "Sequestration of carbon dioxide in steel slag." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280716.

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Although Iron and steel industry is essential for the development of society, the industry is responsible for a large portion of CO2 emissions. The industry also produces by-products like metallurgical slag in orders of million tons. The slag is alkaline in nature and rich in Ca and Mg oxides. Upon use the oxide interact with atmospheric CO2 and form carbonates, making them unstable. Storing CO2 in the slag would make it more stable, enhances its life cycle and promotes further usage in various applications. CO2 sequestration can be done through carbonation of steel slag. Carbonation of slag can be achieved through direct and indirect carbonation. Direct carbonation is performed either in a gaseous or an aqueous state in a single step. Indirect carbonation involves multiple steps as it activates the Ca/Mg ions in the slag before they interact with CO2. For an industrial process the direct route would be more viable as it involves lesser steps, easier to scale up. Since there are no solvents to activate the Ca/ Mg the cost involved is also less. This thesis focuses on developing an industrial process to sequester CO2 in metallurgical slag. Sequestration through a combination of gaseous and aqueous has been attempted while studying the effect of carbonation time, carbonation temperature and shape of slag used. Carbonation of the slag is performed using CO2 and steam. The results show that carbonation yield increases with carbonation time and decreases with increase in temperature. The effect of the shape of slag used for carbonation was studied by performing carbonation test in a slag pellet. Diffusion plays a significant role in carbonation process. Powdered slag showed higher carbonation yield compared to the pellet. CO2 uptake as high as 53g of CO2/kg of slag at 200 oC for 6 hr has been achieved. The results indicate the possibility for an industrial carbonation process.
Även om järn- och stålindustrin är avgörande för samhällets utveckling, är industrin ansvarigför en stor del av koldioxidutsläppen. Industrin producerar också biprodukter som metallurgisk slagg i order på miljoner ton. Slaggen är alkalisk till sin natur och rik på Ca- och Mg-oxider. Vid användning interagerar oxiden med atmosfärisk CO2 och bildar karbonater, vilket gör dem instabila. Att lagra koldioxid i slaggen skulle göra den mer stabil, förbättra livscykeln och främja ytterligare användning i olika applikationer. CO2-bindning kan göras genom kolsyrning av stålslagg. Kolsyrning av slagg kan uppnås genom direkt och indirekt karbonatisering. Direkt karbonatisering utförs antingen i ett gasformigt eller vattenhaltigt tillstånd i ett enda steg. Indirekt kolsyrning involverar flera steg eftersom den aktiverar Ca/Mg-jonerna i slaggen innan de interagerar med CO2. För en industriell process skulle den direkta vägen vara mer livskraftig eftersom den innebär mindre steg, lättare att skala upp. Eftersom det inte finns några lösningsmedel för att aktivera Ca/Mg är kostnaden också mindre. Denna avhandling fokuserar på att utveckla en industriell process för att binda koldioxid i metallurgisk slagg. Sekvestrering genom en kombination av gasformig och vattenhaltig har försökt under undersökning av effekten av kolsyratid, kolsyratemperatur och form av den använda slaggen. Kolsyringen av slaggen utförs med CO2 och ånga. Resultaten visar att karbonatiseringsutbytet ökar med kolsyratiden och minskar med temperaturökningen. Effekten av formen på slagg som användes för karbonatisering studerades genom att utföra karbonatiseringstest i en slaggpellet. Diffusion spelar en viktig roll i karbonatiseringsprocessen. Pulveriserad slagg visade högre karbonatiseringsutbyte jämfört med pelleten. CO2-upptag så högt som 53 g CO2/kg slagg vid 200 oC under 6 timmar har uppnåtts. Resultaten indikerar möjligheten för en industriell karbonatiseringsprocess.
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Skagerkvist, Mio. "Adsorption of anionic elements to steel slag." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-71048.

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Steel slag is a by-product from steel production and has potential to act as a sorbent for several contaminants. Contaminated water is a global problem and cheap and simple remediation solutions are often sought. The potentials are many to use an industrial residue for water purification purposes e.g. low cost. The absorption efficiency was evaluated for two different steel slags further divided into two grain sizes, <0.9 mm and 0.9-2 mm. Laboratory experiments was conducted for three anionic elements; bromine, chromate and molybdate. Controlled parameters were; time, sorbent amount and sorbate concentration. The sorption was primarily dependent on the grain size and the smaller grain size had a higher sorption of all three tested anionic species. Unfortunately the results are partially affected by the release of the tested elements from the sorbent itself.
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Jansson, Sune. "A study on molten steel/slag/refractory reactions during ladle steel refining." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-312.

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Kjellqvist, Lina. "Studies of Steel/Slag Equilibria using Computational Thermodynamics." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm Stockholm : Materialvetenskap, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3914.

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Holloway, Mark. "Corrosion of steel reinforcement in slag-based concrete." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365811.

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Ekengård, Johan. "Slag/Metal Metallurgy in Iron and Steel Melts." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Tillämpad processmetallurgi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187228.

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In this work, the metal and slag phase mixing in three steps of a ladle refining operation of steel melts and for an oxygen balance during cooling of cast iron melts have been studied at two Swedish steel plants and at two Swedish cast iron foundries, respectively. In order to predict the oxygen activity in the steel bulk in equilibrium with the top slag as well as in metal droplets in the top slag in equilibrium with the top slag, three slag models were used. In addition, the assumptions of a sulphur-oxygen equilibrium between steel and slag and the dilute solution model for the liquid steel phase were utilized in the calculations. Measured oxygen activities in steel bulk, which varied between 3.5-6 ppm, were compared to predicted oxygen activities. The differences between the predicted and measured oxygen activities were found to be significant (0-500%) and the reasons for the differences are discussed in the thesis. Slag samples have been evaluated to determine the distribution of the metal droplets. The results show that the relatively largest numbers of metal droplets are present in the slag samples taken before vacuum degassing. Also, the projected interfacial area between steel bulk and top slag has been compared to the interfacial area between the metal droplets and slag. The results show that the droplet-slag interfacial area is 3 to 14 times larger than the flat projected interfacial area between the steel and top slag. Furthermore, the effect of the reactions between top slag and steel and the slag viscosity on the metal droplet formation is discussed. The results show significant differences between the steel bulk and steel droplet compositions and the reasons for the differences are discussed in the thesis. The oxygen activity in different cast irons was studied. Plant trials were performed at three occasions for lamellar, compacted and nodular iron melts. The results show that at temperatures close to the liquidus temperature the oxygen activities were 0.03-0.1 ppm for LGI, around 0.02 ppm for CGI, and 0.001ppm for SGI. In addition, it was found that as the oxygen activities increased with time after an Mg treatment, the ability to form a compact graphite or a nodular graphite in Mg-treated iron melts was decreased. Also, extrapolated oxygen activity differences up to 0.07 ppm were found for different hypoeutectic iron compositions for lamellar graphite iron at the liquidus temperature. Overall, the observed differences in the dissolved oxygen levels were believed to influence how graphite particles are incorporated into the austenite matrix and how the graphite morphology will be in the cast product.

QC 20160518

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Patel, Jigar P. "Broader Use of Steel Slag Aggregates in Concrete." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1229627352.

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Oty, Uchenna Victor. "Steel slag leachates : environmental risks and metal recovery opportunities." Thesis, University of Hull, 2015. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:13632.

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Steel slag wastes are large volume residues generated in increasing quantities globally during steel production. While there are many afteruses for slag, roughly a quarter produced globally is stockpiled or landfilled where it may pose environmental risks. Furthermore as resource pressures increase there is a growing interest in recovering valuable metals from industrial by-products. Given the uncertainties in environmental risks and opportunities for further valorisation of wastes, an improved understanding of leaching processes from steel slag would help inform long term management of these industrial by-products. This thesis aims to investigate a series of alkaline disposal sites (both steel slag and limespoil) to improve our understanding of the geochemical nature and fate of notable contaminants, as well as valuable metals of interest, in highly alkaline settings. The results of the field investigations show that leachates are characterised by high pH ( > 11) and negative redox potential, excess deposition of secondary precipitates, and increased mobility of lithium ( > 800 ppb), strontium ( > 2500 ppb) and vanadium ( > 50 ppb), present in concentrations greater than those typically encountered in natural surface waters. Furthermore, these slag deposits were enriched with less mobile elements such as molybdenum (60 ppb) and nickel (61 ppb) with associated low environmental concern, but high resource value. Laboratory batch tests showed that acid leaching promotes the leaching of the elements of interest particularly vanadium. However, such approach may not be viable at legacy sites due to cost. On the other hand, compost amendment of slag enhanced the leaching of molybdenum and vanadium by a factor of 3.6 and 2.5 respectively above water leaching alone. Column experiments reinforced these patterns in showing enhanced leaching of vanadium, molybdenum, and lithium when organic amendment is in contact with hyperalkaline leachate under aerobic conditions. This is most likely due to alkaline hydrolysis of organics within the system and subsequent metal complexation. Analysis of secondary precipitates (notably calcium and magnesium carbonates) forming around the slag suggest these are key in controlling solubility of contaminants and metals of potential resource value (e.g. Ni).
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Wang, George Chenggong. "Properties and utilization of steel slag in engineering applications." Online version, 1992. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/23804.

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Books on the topic "Steel Slag"

1

United States. Bureau of Mines and Generic Mineral Technology Center for Pyrometallurgy (U.S.), eds. Kinetics of metal/slag/gas reactions. [Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1991.

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Jiang, Min, and Xinhua Wang. Slag-Steel Reaction and Control of Inclusions in Al Deoxidized Special Steel. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3463-6.

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Ippolitovich, Baptizmanskiĭ Vadim, and Isaev E. I, eds. Razlivka stali sverkhu s primeneniem shlakovykh smeseĭ. Kiev: "Tekhnika", 1987.

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Walker, David I. Ultrasonic detection of slag carryover during steel transfer operations. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 1990.

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Hunt, Liz. Steel slag in hot mix asphalt concrete: Final report. Salem, Or: Research Group, Oregon Dept. of Transportation, 2000.

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McIntosh, Synthia N. Recovery of manganese from steel plant slag by carbamate leaching. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1992.

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McIntosh, Synthia N. Recovery of manganese from steel plant slag by carbamate leaching. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1992.

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Ontario. Ministry of the Environment. Slag disposal site investigation at Algoma Steel Corporation: volume 1. Toronto: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1992.

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W, Elger G., ed. Utilization of scrap preheating and substitute slag conditioners for electric arc furnace steelmaking. Pittsburgh, Pa: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1987.

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Lovejoy, Steven C. A fitness-for-purpose evaluation of electro-slag flange butt welds: Final report. Salem, OR: Oregon Dept. of Transportation, Research Group, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Steel Slag"

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He, Mingsheng, Bowen Li, Wangzhi Zhou, Huasheng Chen, Meng Liu, and Long Zou. "Preparation and Characteristics of Steel Slag Ceramics from Converter Slag." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 13–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72484-3_2.

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Kumar, Ankit, Sumon Saha, and Rana Chattaraj. "Soft Clay Stabilization with Steel Slag." In Recent Developments in Sustainable Infrastructure, 141–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4577-1_11.

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Han, Fenglan, and Laner Wu. "Comprehensive Utilization Technology of Steel Slag." In Industrial Solid Waste Recycling in Western China, 305–56. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8086-0_6.

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Eremenko, Yu I., and D. A. Poleshchenko. "Slag Cut-off During Steel Casting." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 983–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22041-9_104.

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Parron, Maria Eugenia, Maria Dolores Rubio Cintas, Miguel José Oliveira, Elisa M. J. Silva, Francisca Pérez García, and Jose Manuel Garcia-Manrique. "Steel Waste Valorisation - Steel Slag Waste Effect on Concrete Shrinkage." In INCREaSE 2019, 826–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30938-1_64.

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Hang, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Nguyen Xuan Khanh, and Tran Van Tieng. "Discrete Element Modeling of Steel Slag Concrete." In Advances in Engineering Research and Application, 284–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04792-4_38.

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Dubey, Anant Aishwarya, K. Ravi, Rituraj Devrani, Sudhanshu Rathore, and Annesh Borthakur. "Characterization of Steel Slag as Geo-material." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 113–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6086-6_9.

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Liu, Li, Qianwen Liu, Yongfeng Deng, and Yu Zhao. "NaCl Activation of Steel Slag upon Component Adjustment." In Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 1282–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97115-5_86.

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Neto, João B. Ferreira, Catia Fredericci, João O. G. Faria, Fabiano F. Chotoli, Tiago R. Ribeiro, Antônio Malynowskyj, Andre N. L. Silva, Valdecir A. Quarcioni, and Andre A. Lotto. "Treatment of Molten Steel Slag for Cement Application." In REWAS 2016, 157–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48768-7_23.

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Ferreira Neto, João B., Catia Fredericci, João O. G. Faria, Fabiano F. Chotoli, Tiago R. Ribeiro, Antônio Malynowskyj, Andre N. L. Silva, Valdecir A. Quarcioni, and Andre A. Lotto. "Treatment Of Molten Steel Slag for Cement Application." In Rewas 2016: Towards Materials Resource Sustainability, 157–64. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119275039.ch23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Steel Slag"

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Sun, Xiaowei, Wanyang Niu, and Jingbo Zhao. "Performance Research on Slag-Steel Slag Based Composite Portland Cement." In 2015 International Conference on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icaemt-15.2015.142.

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Dunster, A. "The use of blastfurnace slag and steel slag as aggregates." In Proceedings of the Fourth European Symposium on Performance of Bituminous and Hydraulic Materials in Pavements, Bitmat 4. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203743928-38.

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Zanelli, U., and E. Sedano. "Safe Slag and Liquid Steel Handling." In AISTech 2020. AIST, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33313/380/065.

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Yildirim, Irem Zeynep, and Monica Prezzi. "Steel Slag: Chemistry, Mineralogy, and Morphology." In IFCEE 2015. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479087.263.

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"Corrosion of Steel in Slag Concrete." In "SP-199: Seventh CANMET/ACI International Conference on Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete". American Concrete Institute, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/10532.

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Yanzhao, L., J. Chenxi, W. Leichuan, S. Wei, C. Yang, and T. Zhihong. "Double Slag Modification Method for Reducing Slag Oxidation of IF Steel." In MS&T17. MS&T17, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/2017/mst_2017_622_627.

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Yanzhao, L., J. Chenxi, W. Leichuan, S. Wei, C. Yang, and T. Zhihong. "Double Slag Modification Method for Reducing Slag Oxidation of IF Steel." In MS&T17. MS&T17, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7449/2017mst/2017/mst_2017_622_627.

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Wang, Chang-long, Yan-ming Qi, and Jin-yun He. "Experimental Study on Steel Slag and Slag Replacing Sand in Concrete." In 2008 International Workshop on Modelling, Simulation and Optimization. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wmso.2008.13.

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Martinez Rehlaender, E. "Selective Slag Systems for Steel Inclusion Cleanliness." In AISTech 2022 Proceedings of the Iron and Steel Technology Conference. AIST, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33313/386/118.

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Harabinova, Slavka. "PROPERTIES OF AGGREGATES OF STEEL-MAKING SLAG." In 14th SGEM GeoConference on ENERGY AND CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2014/b42/s18.026.

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Reports on the topic "Steel Slag"

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Yildirim, Irem, and Monica Prezzi. Use of Steel Slag in Subgrade Applications. West Lafayette, Indiana: Purdue University, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284314275.

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Yildirim, Irem, Monica Prezzi, Meera Vasudevan, and Helen Santoso. Use of Soil-Steel Slag-Class-C Fly Ash Mixtures in Subgrade Applications. Purdue University, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315188.

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Cohen, A., and M. Blander. Removal of copper from carbon-saturated steel with an aluminum sulfide/iron sulfide slag. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/510297.

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FUHRMANN, M. SCHOONEN,M. LEACHING OF SLAG FROM STEEL RECYCLING: RADIONUCLIDES AND STABLE ELEMENTS. DATA REPORT, JAN.15, 1997, REVISED SEPT.9, 1997. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15006588.

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S. Street, K.S. Coley, and G.A. Iron. AISI/DOE Technology Roadmap Program: Removal of Residual Elements in The Steel Ladle by a Combination of Top Slag and Deep Injection Practice. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799244.

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Groeneveld. L51676 Evaluation of Modern X70 and X80 Line Pipe Steels. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010158.

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Nine sections of advanced high strength line pipes, Grades X70 and X80 have been evaluated during this study. Six of those pipes were Grade X70 and three were Grade X80. Four of the X70 pipes were fabricated from microalloyed steels that were controlled rolled; the other two X70 pipes were controlled rolled plus accelerated cooled. Two of the controlled-rolled X70 pipes were produced from plates from the same slab of continuously cast steel; one was fabricated by the pyramid-rolling process and the other was fabricated by the U-O-E process. Two of the Grade X80 steels were produced from plate that was controlled rolled; one of those was accelerated cooled after controlled rolling. The third X80 pipe was produced from a microalloyed steel plate that was fabricated into pipe, ERW welded, and then heat treated by austenitizing, spray quenching, and tempering. The information obtained from the evaluations of these pipes is summarized in the following sections.
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Brent S. Isaacson, Mike Slepian, and Thomas Richter. Project B: Improved Liquid Steel Feed For Slab Casters. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/795014.

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Williams, D., and W. Maxey. NR198506 Evaluation of an X70 Low-Carbon Bainitic-Steel Pipe. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), October 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011411.

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A 24-inch-diameter x 0.75-inch-wall X70 low-carbon bainitic-steel pipe was evaluated to obtain an independent measurement of pipe properties and to examine metallurgical characteristics that may affect behavior in gas-transmission service. The steel from which the pipe was produced was processed using advanced steelmaking methods to insure cleanliness but apparently was not treated for sulfide shape control since no sour gas exposure in service was anticipated. Primary microalloying additions in this high manganese steel, other than columbium, were titanium and boron. Titanium was added to form a TiN dispersion during continuous casting to aid in the control of austenite grain size during slab rolling. Boron was added to suppress the transformation of austenite to ferrite or pearlite during and following controlled rolling, so as to promote formation of bainite. Heavy controlled rolling at temperatures below the austenite recrystallization temperature, and finish rolling at temperatures perhaps as low as 1290 F were used to develop a very fine grain size in the bainite.
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PAL, UDAY B. Electroslag Remelting (ESR) Slags for Removal of Radioactive Oxide Contaminants from Stainless Steel, Annual Report (1998-1999). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/12659.

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Brent Isaacson, Mike Slepian, and Thomas Richter. AISI/DOE Advanced Process Control Program Vol. 3 of 6: Improved Liquid Steel Feeding for Slab Casters. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/795001.

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