Journal articles: 'Steel structures'

1

NAMIMURA, Yuichi. "Bolt Steels Used for Steel Structures." Tetsu-to-Hagane 88, no. 10 (2002): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.88.10_600.

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Gong, Fengyan, André Dürr, and Jochen Bartenbach. "Favourable Steel Structures using High Strength Steels." ce/papers 4, no. 2-4 (September 2021): 1530–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.1452.

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Svetlik, M., K. Slama, and J. Kralovec. "Steel structures diagnostic." NDT & E International 27, no. 4 (January 1994): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0963-8695(94)90555-x.

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Deierlein, G. G. "Steel-framed structures." Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials 1, no. 1 (September 1997): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pse.2260010105.

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Johansson, Bernt, and Milan Veljkovic. "Steel plated structures." Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials 3, no. 1 (January 2001): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pse.59.

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Charnik, Dmitry. "On Effectiveness Issue of Steel Various Grade Use in the Structures of Prefabricated Constructions and Buildings in Northern Climatic Conditions on Russian Federation Territory." Proceedings of Petersburg Transport University 19, no. 4 (December 20, 2022): 677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/1815-588x-2022-4-677-684.

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Purpose: To consider the issue on feasibility of using both conventional and stainless steels from the point of view of their application at the construction of buildings and structures made of Light Steel Thin-Walled Structures (LSTWS) in Northern climatic conditions. To identify main advantages and disadvantages in the use of light steel thin-walled structures in construction. To determine the most vulnerable spots at building construction from LSTWS. Methods: When conducting research on the effectiveness of steel various grade application for prefabricated construction and building structures in Northern climatic conditions, comparison methods were used from chemical and physical points of view. Results: The expediency and efficiency of using AISI 201 grade steels are substantiated. AISI 201 steel advantages not only from chemical but also from mechanical look are indicated. The vulnerabilities of the given steel at structure and building construction during exploitation are described. Ways to protect structures made of carbonaceous and low-alloy steels, depending on their assignment and operating conditions, have been defined. Practical significance: Study results show that AISI 201 steel is the most efficient from economic point of view. It is necessary to apply protection approaches for steel building materials at structure construction and exploitation as well as to use steel various types against an application sphere.

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Jeong, Youn-Ju, Jeong-Soo Kim, Min-Su Park, and Sung-Hoon Song. "HYDRODYNAMIC BEHAVIORS OF LARGE STEEL-CYLINDRICAL COFFERDAM SYSTEM FOR MARINE STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTION." Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v36.structures.26.

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Some cofferdam systems have been applied for marine structures construction of bridges, marine foundation, and etc. Recently, new cofferdam system using large steel-cylindrical members proposed to reduce marine working periods and to improve economic of marine working. In order to construct marine cofferdam system with large steel-cylindrical members, (step 1) some modules composing of a large steel-cylindrical cofferdam system fabricate with typical height in steel factory, and (step 2) move to the construction site onto the barge towing. Then, (step 3) large steel-cylindrical cofferdam system completes by module to module connection with vertical direction in seawater. Finally, (step 4) inside water of large steel-cylindrical cofferdam draw out by pumping, and (step 5) the marine structures are constructed under land based conditions. This cofferdam system has advantages to reduce marine working period and to secure structural safety uniformly.

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Yan, Zhu Ling. "Analysis of Factors Influencing the Performance of Q460 Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.7.

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With the development of technology, steel structures have been gaining increasingly widespread application, and the scope of research of steel types is also becoming increasingly broad. In addition to the four common steels used in construction, various mechanical properties and practical application of Q460 steel have also been studied at home and abroad at present. This paper introduces the research status of Q460 steel, describes its mechanical properties and the requirements for steels used in steel building structures, and analyzes the main factors influencing the properties of Q460 steel, providing some reference for practical engineering application of Q460 steel.

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Křivý, Vit, and Lukáš Fabián. "Calculation of Corrosion Losses on Weathering Steel Structures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 188 (June 2012): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.188.177.

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The aim of this paper is an introduction of the new developed method for calculation of corrosion losses on structures designed from weathering steels. Apposite calculation of corrosion losses is an essential requirement for resulting determination of corrosion allowances that must be considered when designing steel structures from weathering steels.

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Patil, K. S., and Ajit K. Kakade. "Seismic Response of R.C. Structures With Different Steel Bracing Systems Considering Soil - Structure Interaction." Journal of Advances and Scholarly Researches in Allied Education 15, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 411–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/15/56856.

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Ismail, Magdy. "Seismic retrofit of steel frame structures." Pollack Periodica 15, no. 2 (August 2020): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/606.2020.15.2.10.

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Abstract:Moment resisting frames are considered as an effective seismic force resisting system that is used for steel structures. Some of these structures that were built in high seismic hazard zones were designed according to old strength-based design codes. Currently, these structures do not meet the requirements of the new seismic codes. Therefore, the seismic retrofit of these structures is mandatory and cannot be overlooked. Steel braces and concrete-steel composite elements are common solutions for enhancing the seismic behavior of existing steel frame structures. This paper presents a numerical study that evaluates different possible techniques for the seismic retrofit of existing steel moment-resisting frame structures. The study investigates the performance of three multi-story buildings with different heights that are located in a high seismic hazard zone. Three retrofit techniques were introduced including; 1) X-Steel braces, 2) buckling restrained composite braces, and 3) composite concrete-steel plate shear walls. The seismic performance enhancement of the studied structures was evaluated in terms of the structure’s fundamental period, maximum inter-story drift and maximum base shear-to-weight ratios. Moreover, the cost of retrofitting material was estimated for each technique and they were compared to select the retrofit technique with the least constitutive material cost.

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12

Mann, Allan. "Cracks in steel structures." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Forensic Engineering 164, no. 1 (February 2011): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/feng.2011.164.1.15.

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13

Radlbeck, Christina, and Martin Mensinger. "Sustainability of Steel Structures." IABSE Symposium Report 96, no. 4 (January 1, 2009): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137809796088756.

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Kuramoto, H. "Concrete Encased Steel Structures." Concrete Journal 52, no. 1 (2014): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj.52.115.

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15

Hancock, G. J. "Cold-formed steel structures." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 59, no. 4 (April 2003): 473–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0143-974x(02)00103-7.

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Harding, J. E. "Steel in marine structures." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 9, no. 4 (1988): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-974x(88)90066-1.

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17

Haarhuis, Kars, and Thomas Wever. "Glass-reinforced steel structures." Glass Structures & Engineering 1, no. 1 (April 26, 2016): 195–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40940-016-0021-6.

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18

Nethercot, D. A. "Steel structures-Eurosteel '95." Engineering Structures 18, no. 7 (July 1996): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-0296(96)89829-4.

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Brune, Bettina. "Cold-formed steel structures." Steel Construction 6, no. 2 (May 2013): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stco.201310024.

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20

Liu, Shih-Chi. "Sensors, smart structures technology and steel structures." Smart Structures and Systems 4, no. 5 (September 25, 2008): 517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sss.2008.4.5.517.

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21

Hietala, Mikko, Antti Järvenpää, Markku Keskitalo, and Kari Mäntyjärvi. "Bending Strength of Laser-Welded Sandwich Steel Panels of Ultra-High Strength Steel." Key Engineering Materials 786 (October 2018): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.786.286.

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The study was performed to investigate the bending resistance of laser-welded sandwich panels (Vf-core). The main aim of the study was to determine the effect of the tensile strength on bending strength of the panel structures. Panels were manufactured using an ultra-high strength (UHS) and low strength (LS) steels with yield strengths of 1200 and 200 MPa, respectively. Secondly, the bending strength of the panel structures was compared with the conventional sheet steels to estimate the possibilities for weight reduction. Results showed that the UHS steel panels had significantly higher bending strength than panels of the LS steel. The bending strength in the weakest loading direction of the UHS panel was approximately four times higher than the one of LS steel panel. The panels made with UHS steel faceplates and LS steel cores had better bending strength than LS steel panels. In comparison to UHS sheet steel, 30% weight saving is estimated by using the geometry optimized UHS steel panel.

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22

Babu, P. K. Satheesh, A. Mathiazhagan, and C. G. Nandakumar. "Corrosion Health Monitoring System for Steel Ship Structures." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 5, no. 5 (October 2014): 491–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijesd.2014.v5.533.

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23

Lee, Kang Min, Myung Jae Lee, Young Suk Oh, T. S. Kim, and Do Hwan Kim. "Compressive Testing of H-Shaped Steel Stub Columns Fabricated with Grade 800MPa High Performance Steel." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 646–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.646.

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With the increased demand for high-rise and long-span structures, high strength with high performance steels have been utilized for these kind of structures. For the grade 800MPa high performance steel, although it was included in Korean Standard as high strength steel(HSA 800), however the HSA 800 steel was excluded in Korean Building Code-Structures due to the rack of research results for the structural behaviors of members fabricated with HSA 800 steel. Therefore, this paper describes basic study for the design specification of structural members using HSA 800 high performance steel. For this purpose, welded H-shaped stub column specimens with various width-to-thickness ratios were designed and tested in order to investigate the buckling behaviors and ultimate compressive strength.

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Li, Wen Li. "The Research of Mechanics Based on Reinforced Steel Concrete Structures." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1858–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1858.

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Through the different rolling and normalizing methods to study the variation of microstructure and mechanical properties of eight groups of steels ,based on the low carbon micro alloy steel as the research object, The results show that, the main structure of steel are ferrite, bainite and a small amount of M-A island group, and granular bainite is helpful to improve the test fire resistance steel; with the increasing of normalizing temperature, the ratio of YS increased gradually, the test steel has high good fire resistance at 790 °C; the faster the cooling speed after rolling, has better fire-resistant .

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25

Bjorhovde, Reidar. "Realistic Performance Requirements for Steel in Structures." Advances in Structural Engineering 8, no. 3 (July 2005): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369433054349060.

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Steel offers significant advantages for construction: it has high strength and stiffness and ample deformation and stress redistribution capacities for many applications, it does not crack or otherwise fracture under normal conditions, and is available in many grades and geometric forms. On the other hand, structures will be subjected to high deformation demands due to various conditions during fabrication, construction and service. A dynamically loaded structure may experience fatigue or fracture; seismic events create major deformation demands on structural members and connections; and fabrication methods such as welding require very large local deformability of the steel under certain conditions. However, the chemical composition and metallurgical structure of steel are very complex, and the models that are used by codes to reflect the mechanical response bear little resemblance to what it will experience under actual conditions. For example, steel is anisotropic, as a result of production operations and other plastic deformation effects. Although the anisotropy normally is of no consequence, it will affect the response of the steel in many loading and deformation demand situations. For another, the behavior of steel is a function of deformation history, to the effect that it may respond as a high strength, low ductility material, given the prior occurrence of large displacements. The paper addresses the properties of a range of structural steels, how these are incorporated into design standards and how the standards define deformation characteristics and demands. Several examples from practice illustrate the primary behavioral characteristics. However, most of today's design requirements are strength-oriented, with focus on element load-carrying and load-transfer capacities. With the current move towards performance-based design standards and especially the demands imposed by seismic and other extreme load conditions, it is clear that deformation considerations need to be better recognized and incorporated into the structural design criteria.

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KHOMA, Myroslav, Svitlana HALAICHAK, Bohdan DATSKO, and Marian CHUCHMAN. "RESEARCH OF PROCESSES OF HYDROGENATION OF CARBON STEEL OF DIFFERENT STRUCTURES IN HYDROGEN SULPHIDE ENVIRONMENTS." Proceedings of the Shevchenko Scientific Society. Series Сhemical Sciences 2022, no. 70 (September 30, 2022): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37827/ntsh.chem.2022.70.169.

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The effect of applied static loads, structure, and carbon content in steels on their hydrogenation was investigated in the paper. The content of absorbed hydrogen was determined by the method of vacuum extraction at temperatures of 200, 400, 600 and 800 °С for 720 hours, after corrosion in the NACE solution. It was shown that the hydrogenation of 0.8% C steel in the number of structures: pearlite, sorbite, troostite and martensite increased. The ferrite-pearlite structure of 0.45% C steel was the most intensively hydrogenation (19.4 ppm), sorbitic, troostitic and martensitic - less by 30...50%. The main contribution to the absorbed hydrogen was made by diffusive-mobile hydrogen. Its share in the total amount of absorbed reached~65...74% for pearlitic, 50...54% sorbitic, 64...78% troostitic and ~67% martensitic U8 steel structure. For steel 45, it is ~61...72% for ferrite-pearlitic, ~74...79% sorbitic, ~61...75% troostitic, and ~52...85% martensitic. The absorbed hydrogen content of 0.8 % C steel with sorbitic, trostitic, and martensitic structures at temperatures of 400, 600, and 800 ºС increased, while that of steel 45, on the contrary, decreased. This indicated the greater strength of the hydrogen-metal bond in 0.8 % C steel. Therefore, the structure of steels affects the sorption of hydrogen more than the carbon content. Applied static loads  = 300 MPa increased the content of hydrogen absorbed by steels by ~9...15%. On 0.8% C steel, this manifests itself more significantly - СН/С0Н= 1.3...1.8. As the imbalance of the structure increased, the resistance of steels to corrosion cracking under static loads decreased. This was determined by the dispersity of the structure and the morphology of sulfide films, which are formed during the corrosion of steels in the NACE solution. Therefore, static loads most contributed to the hydrogenation of 0.8 % C steel with a troostite structure, and 0.45% C - troostite and martensitе.

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Aksenova, K. V., E. N. Nikitina, Yu F. Ivanov, and D. A. Kosinov. "Hardening mechanisms of steels with bainite and martensite structures." Izvestiya Visshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya = Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 61, no. 10 (November 14, 2018): 787–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2018-10-787-793.

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Martensite and bainite are the most complex structures being formed in steel in heat treatment including the quantitative interpretation. On frequent occasions, the application field of these steels includes the operation at high static and dynamic compression stresses. The thorough and comprehensive analysis of the materials’ structure after different types of treatment enables to use them competently for the manufacturing of the parts and structures providing them with the necessary complex of physical and mechanical properties. The factor determining the mechanical properties of the materials are the structure of solid solution, presence of nano-dimentional particles of the second phases, dislocation substructure, types and location of various boundaries and internal stress fields. For successful control of the formation of structural phase states and mechanical properties of the material it is necessary to know the quantitative laws and the cold hardening mechanisms of steels of different structural classes at active plastic deformation. By methods of transmission electron diffraction microscopy the analysis of cold hardening of 38CrNi3MoV steel with martensite and 30Cr2Ni-2MoV steel with bainite structures at active plastic compression deformation to 26 % and 36 %, respectively, was done in the research. The contributions caused by intraphase boundaries, dislocation substructure, carbide phases, atoms of alloying elements and long-range stress fields are considered. It is established that the substructural hardening (caused by the internal long-range stress fields) and solid solution strengthening (caused by carbon atoms) give largest contribution to cold hardening of 38CrNi3MoV hardened steel. For normalization of 30Cr2Ni2MoV steel hardening also takes place at the expense of the internal stress field’s action, at the penetration of carbon atoms to the ferrite crystal lattice as well as at the structural fragmentation with the deformation degree higher than 26 %. The dislocation substructure and the particles of carbide phase make comparatively small contribution to the hardening of these steels. It is shown that the cause of bainite steel softening at large (more than 15 %) degrees of deformation is connected with the activation of deformation microtwinning process.

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Li, Guo Qiang, Yan Bo Wang, Su Wen Chen, and Fei Fei Sun. "Key Issues of Using High Strength Steels in Seismic Structures and some Recent Progress." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2444–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2444.

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Since recent advances of technology in material science and increasing demand for high strength steel, Q460 high strength steel has been applied to several landmark buildings and major projects. However, the application of high strength steel in seismic structures is limited by the relative worse ductility, which is usually decreasing with the increasing on yield strength. For this purpose, key issues of using high strength steels in seismic structures are discussed and two design methodologies are proposed. Recent research progress on application of high strength constructional steel achieved at Tongji University is introduced. Finally, future work related to the application of high strength steels are recommended.

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Liew, J. Y. Richard, Jia-Bao Yan, and Zhen-Yu Huang. "Steel-concrete-steel sandwich composite structures-recent innovations." Journal of Constructional Steel Research 130 (March 2017): 202–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.12.007.

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FUJITA, Masanori, Shigeki TANAKA, and Mamoru IWATA. "REUSE SYSTEM OF BUILDING STEEL STRUCTURES : Careful demolition of low-storied steel structures." Journal of Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 71, no. 604 (2006): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aije.71.109_1.

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Hu, Zhi Gang, Ping Zhu, Jin Meng, and Xin Min Lai. "Experimental Comparison of Fatigue Characterizations between TRIP and DP Steels." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 671–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.671.

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Advanced high strength steels are increasingly utilized to realize the lightweight of automotive body for economical and ecological considerations. The fatigue durability of notched components is one of the significant evaluation parameters for reasonable material selection. Strain-controlled fatigue experiments of low-alloy TRIP steel and DP steel with 590MPa grade were performed at room temperature in this study. Experimental results indicate that both fatigue life and cyclic stress amplitude of TRIP steel are superior to those of DP steel at the same strain amplitude. Furthermore, local strain-life models of two steels were determined with linear regression method to predict the fatigue life of notched body structures with finite element method. It can be concluded that TRIP steel can provide more excellent potential than DP steel for the lightweight design of notched automotive structures from the viewpoint of fatigue resistance.

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Joseline, Dyana, Radhakrishna G. Pillai, and Lakshman Neelakantan. "Initiation of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Cold-Drawn Prestressing Steel in Hardened Cement Mortar Exposed to Chlorides." Corrosion 77, no. 8 (May 28, 2021): 906–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/3730.

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Cold-drawn, high-strength, prestressing (PS) steel strands are widely used in pretensioned concrete (PTC) structures. This paper discusses the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of PS steel embedded in cement mortar and gradually exposed to chlorides. Various stages of the passive to active (P-to-A) transition, which marks the onset of SCC, were investigated using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. The key mechanisms were identified and confirmed using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray analysis, x-ray diffarction, and confocal Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the passive film on unstressed PS steel has better electrochemical characteristics than that on conventional steel rebars. However, the residual tensile stress at the surface of PS steels can assist passive film cracking after chloride attack—contrary to the pitting corrosion without cracking of passive film in conventional steels. Further, tests indicated that the concentration of chlorides required to crack the passive film in PS steels can reduce by about 50% when prestressed—as in field structures. Chemical composition, stress state, and microstructural features at the PS steel surface were identified as possible factors influencing the initiation of SCC in PTC structures.

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Vaseem, M. D., and Dr B. R. Patagundi. "Comparison between R.C.C and Steel Structures by Seismic Analysis." Bonfring International Journal of Man Machine Interface 4, Special Issue (July 30, 2016): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/bijmmi.8170.

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Khoshraftar, Ali. "The Evaluation of Steel Frame Structures with Viscoelastic Dampers." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 4 (April 2016): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2016.v6.897.

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Khoshraftar, Ali. "The Evaluation of Steel Frame Structures with Viscoelastic Dampers." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 8, no. 4 (April 2016): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2016.v8.897.

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Abramczyk, Jacek. "Deployable structures as supports for light gauge steel shells." Journal of Civil Engineering, Environment and Architecture XXX, no. 60 (1/13) (2013): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7862/rb.2013.1.

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Sokolov, Sergey, Ivan Vasilyev, and Konstantin Manzhula. "The strength of welded structures at low climatic temperatures." MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 08001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824508001.

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Methods for the selection of steels for metal structures were analyzed in accordance with the normative documents GOST 32578-2013, ISO 20332-2015 and F.E.M.1.001. As the example the choice of steel 09G2S was confirmed for a metal structure of a crane, operated at a temperature of minus 55° C. To confirm the correctness of the choice of steel for this design and justify the allowable size of defects, welded samples were tested at temperatures from plus 20 to minus 60° C.

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Bach, Friedrich Wilhelm, A. Beniyash, K. Lau, and R. Versemann. "Joining of Steel-Aluminium Hybrid Structures with Electron Beam on Atmosphere." Advanced Materials Research 6-8 (May 2005): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.6-8.143.

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Against the background of the required weight reduction in transportation through lightweight construction, the application of hybrid structures, where dissimilar materials are joined together, has a high technical and economical potential. In the field of sheet machining, combinations of steel and aluminium are especially interesting. In comparison to conventional steels, the application of aluminium alloys as supporting materials makes a distinct weight reduction possible. On the other hand, steels have advantages in the fields forming and welding. The application of modern high-strength steels with reduced sheet thicknesses allows weight reduction, too. But joining of material combinations of steel and aluminium is problematic. On the one hand brittle intermetallic compounds are formed between steel and aluminium. On the other hand the aluminium melt has a bad wetting behaviour. Different physical properties of both materials have to be considered, too. To achieve sufficient mechanical properties of such joinings it is necessary to limit growth of intermetallic compounds between steel and aluminium. This can be actualized by an exact energy supply. With the electron beam on atmosphere a precise and easily controllable energy supply is possible. The publication demonstrates successful investigations, which were performed with the 175 kVNVEBW (Non Vacuum Electron Beam Welding) installation at Institut of Materials Science, University of Hanover. With NVEB joining hybrid structures between zinc coated steels and 5.xxx and 6.xxx aluminium alloys were produced. In a welding-brazing process (the steel remained in the solid phase whereas the aluminium was molten) combinations with acceptable mechanical properties could be joined. By use of optimized joining parameters as well as a surface activating flux, both, a good wetting and a thin intermetallic compound < 10 µm were attained. Another possible strategy is a pure brazing process, for which an example is also given in the paper. The paper shows metallurgical and mechanical investigations, among other things results of element distribution analysis and tensile tests.

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Mraz, L., and J. Lesay. "Problems with reliability and safety of hot dip galvanized steel structures." Soldagem & Inspeção 14, no. 2 (June 2009): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-92242009000200011.

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Hot dip galvanizing is very effective means of protection against corrosion. Some recommendation concerning the steel quality are generally known and accepted. The process consists of cleaning (pickling or sand blasting) and dipping the structures or pieces into liquid zinc bath. The case study of hot dip galvanized steels is presented. Some recent failures of hot dip galvanized welded structures and hot dip galvanized high strength steel screws are presented. Structures were made of S355 grade steel and MIG/MAG process was applied for welding. Large cracks were observed in the vicinity of welds after hot dip galvanizing process. The presence of both hydrogen and liquid metal embrittlement was identified and associated mainly with higher hardness of HAZ or the quenched and tempered steels. Possible cracking mechanisms are discussed. The influence of chemical composition and production process (welding, heat treatment) was analyzed according to data published in literature. The solutions and recommendations for avoiding the failure in hot dip galvanized structures are proposed.

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Hohol, Myron, and Dmytro Sydorak. "STRUCTURAL EFFICIENCY OF STEEL COMBINED TRUSSES." Theory and Building Practice 2022, no. 2 (December 20, 2022): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2022.02.058.

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In this article on increasing the efficiency of steel combined structures, the tasks of rational design, regulation and control of structural parameters of elements, the use of steels with increased mechanical properties are considered. It is shown that for a six-span stiffening girder of a combined truss with elastic supports, which operates under a distributed load, the moment is 72 times smaller than the moment of a single-span beam. It is suggested to use high-strength steel for truss braces. Rationality criteria are proposed. On the basis of rationality criteria, new steel combined trusses were developed and their models were designed for stress tests. The results of experimental studies of models of combined trusses are presented. The results of experimental studies conducted on models of steel combined trusses qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed the theoretical results obtained on the basis of the proposed theory.

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Machelski, Czesław. "Stiffness of Railway Soil-Steel Structures." Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica 37, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sgem-2015-0042.

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Abstract The considerable influence of the soil backfill properties and that of the method of compacting it on the stiffness of soil-steel structures is characteristic of the latter. The above factors (exhibiting randomness) become apparent in shell deformation measurements conducted during construction and proof test loading. A definition of soil-shell structure stiffness, calculated on the basis of shell deflection under the service load, is proposed in the paper. It is demonstrated that the stiffness is the inverse of the deflection influence function used in structural mechanics. The moving load methodology is shown to be useful for testing, since it makes it possible to map the shell deflection influence line also in the case of group loads (concentrated forces), as in bridges. The analyzed cases show that the shell’s span, geometry (static scheme) and the height of earth fill influence the stiffness of the structure. The soil-steel structure’s characteristic parameter in the form of stiffness k is more suitable for assessing the quality of construction works than the proposed in code geometric index ω applied to beam structures. As shown in the given examples, parameter k is more effective than stiffness parameter λ used to estimate the deformation of soil-steel structures under construction. Although the examples concern railway structures, the methodology proposed in the paper is suitable also for road bridges.

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Litwin, Małgorzata, and Marcin Górecki. "Assembly mistakes of steel structures." Budownictwo i Architektura 4, no. 1 (June 11, 2009): 063–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2334.

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Steel structures have plenty of advantages, which decide on their usage in many buildings. At the same time require they great precision in the design stage as well as during the building phase. Indispensable precision is oft a reason for design and assembly mistakes. In the paper there are presented the assembly mistakes, which occur the most often during the realisation stage.

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Mann, Allan P., and Ian Hulme. "Discussion: Cracks in steel structures." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Forensic Engineering 165, no. 1 (February 2012): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/feng.2012.165.1.53.

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Ajouz, Rayaan. "Parametric design of steel structures." Steel Construction 14, no. 3 (July 28, 2021): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stco.202100011.

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Kozak, Janusz. "Joints Of Steel Sandwich Structures." Polish Maritime Research 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2021-0029.

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Abstract Steel sandwich structures are perceived as alternatives to single-skin welded structures in the shipbuilding industry due its advantages like significant reduction of mass in relation to typical single skin structure. However, beside problems with their strength properties itself, applications in real structures requires of solving the problem of joining, both for connection sandwich to sandwich as well as sandwiches to single-shell structures. Proper design of joints is connected with some factors like lack of attempt to interior of panel, introduction of additional parts and welds with completely different stiffness. In the paper the results of laboratory fatigue tests of selected joints as well as numerical calculation of stressed for different kind of joints of sandwich structures are presented. As result of calculations optimisation of geometry for selected joints is performed.

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Gardner, L. "Stainless steel structures in fire." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 160, no. 3 (June 2007): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/stbu.2007.160.3.129.

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Aoki, Hirofumi. "Welding at Building Steel Structures." Journal of the Japan Welding Society 64, no. 8 (1995): 561–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws1943.64.561.

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Tsuda, K. "Concrete Filled Steel Tubular Structures." Concrete Journal 52, no. 1 (2014): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3151/coj.52.65.

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Perelmuter, Anatolii. "FIRE DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES." International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 15, no. 1 (March 25, 2019): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2019-15-1-110-118.

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This paper describes new software features for the fire design of steel structures. This analysis is performed according to Eurocode. An example is used to demonstrate the role of secondary effects and show that the estimation based on the critical temperature may differ significantly from the revised calculation.

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SARMA, KAMAL C., and HOJJAT ADELI. "COST OPTIMIZATION OF STEEL STRUCTURES." Engineering Optimization 32, no. 6 (January 2000): 777–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03052150008941321.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Steel structures'

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