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Journal articles on the topic 'Steel'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Gao, Bing, Bo Wang, and Jian Qi Zou. "Anti-Pulls Out Strength Research on Concretes Component of Low-Alloy Coupled Steels and Cold Rolling Belt Rib Steel Bars." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 2537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.2537.

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Both Low-alloy Coupled Steels and Cold rolling belt rib steel bars are cold finishing steel bars. In project practice, Anchor ability of Low-alloy Coupled Steels Concrete will higher than cold rolling belt rib steel bars. So, more economical steel bars and cement contents. Through comparative trial about on concretes component of Low-alloy coupled steels and cold rolling belt rib steel bars in this article. Summarizes that anchor ability of Low-alloy coupled steels are depending transverse steel, well, steel bars and concretes has the better joint work ability.

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2

Zhang, Yan Mei, Kang Qin, Qing Ping Du, Jia Qiang Huang, Ge Guo Shuai, and Xiao Hua Jie. "Study on Antibacterial Properties of SUSXM7 Cu- Bearing Austenitic Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 997–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.997.

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SUSXM7 Cu-bearing austenitic stainless stee1 was conducted with special antibacterial heat treatment and antibacterial properties of the steel were studied. The experimental results show that a suitable amount of ε-Cu phases can precipitate from the matrix of SUSXM7 steel after solution treated at 1100 °C and aging treated at 650 - 850 °C. ε-Cu phases are granular with diameter of 100 - 200 nm. SUSXM7 Cu-bearing austenitic stainless steels possess excellent antibacterial properties. Antibacterial rates against two typical bacteria of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus surpass 99.0％ and

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3

Li, Yang, Jing Wang, Jiaquan Zhang, Changgui Cheng, and Zhi Zeng. "Deformation and Structure Difference of Steel Droplets during Initial Solidification." High Temperature Materials and Processes 36, no. 4 (2017): 347–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2016-0113.

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AbstractThe surface quality of slabs is closely related with the initial solidification at very first seconds of molten steel near meniscus in mold during continuous casting. The solidification, structure, and free deformation for given steels have been investigated in droplet experiments by aid of Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope. It is observed that the appearances of solidified shells for high carbon steels and some hyper-peritectic steels with high carbon content show lamellar, while that for other steels show spherical. Convex is formed along the chilling direction for most steels, besi

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4

Shi, Gang, Huatian Zhao, and Yang Gao. "Research on high‐performance steel structure with high‐strength steel column, ordinary‐strength steel beam, and low‐yield‐point steel BRB." ce/papers 6, no. 3-4 (2023): 645–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2657.

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AbstractIn order to reasonably make full use of the advantages of different steels and then achieve a steel structure with excellent seismic behaviour, the authors proposed novel triple grades hybrid high‐performance steel structures (TGHSSs) comprising high‐strength steel (HSS) columns, ordinary‐strength steel beams, and low‐yield‐point (LYP) steel buckling‐restrained braces (BRBs). The basic concept and expected advantages were introduced. To validate this concept, eight full‐scale single‐bay two‐storey TGHSS specimens were tested under cyclic loads, in which columns are of 460 MPa, 690 MPa,

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5

Chen, Shan, Xue Qun Chen, Lin Zheng, Guo Ming Li, Wan Shun Chang, and Guo Liang Cao. "The Effect of Calcium Treatment on the Corrosion Resistance of Manganese Steels." Advanced Materials Research 668 (March 2013): 850–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.668.850.

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The metallurgy quality of the steel was improved greatly by calcium treatment which was a technique developed for a long time. The Mn steels treated with calcium, carbon-manganese steels and nickel-chromium steels were collected and their corrosion behaviors were investigated. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the Mn steel is lower than that of the Ni-Cr steel. The shape of the inclusions can be modified and quality of the steels can be enhanced by the calcium treatment, and the corrosion resistance of the steel treated with calcium is higher than that of the common carbon-Mn

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Černý, Michal, Josef Filípek, Pavel Mazal, and David Varner. "Notch aspects of RSP steel microstructure." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 5 (2012): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260050049.

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For a rather long time, basic research projects have been focused on examinations of mechanical properties for Rapid Solidification Powder (RSP) steels. These state-of-art steels are commonly known as “powdered steels“. In fact, they combine distinctive attributes of conventional steel alloys with unusual resistance of construction material manufactured by so called “pseudo-powdered” metallurgy.Choice of suitable materials for experimental verification was carried out based on characteristic application of so called “modern steel”. First, groups of stainless and tool steel types (steel grades

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7

Sidorova, Elena, Andrey V. Karasev, Denis Kuznetsov, and Pär G. Jönsson. "Modification of Non-Metallic Inclusions in Oil-Pipeline Steels by Ca-Treatment." Metals 9, no. 4 (2019): 391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9040391.

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Corrosion rate in different steel grades (including oilfield pipeline steels) is determined by the presence of non-metallic inclusions (NMI) in steels. Specifically, the effect of different inclusions on the quality of steels depends on their characteristics such as size, number, morphology, composition, and physical properties, as well as their location in the steel matrix. Therefore, the optimization and control of NMI in steels are very important today to obtain an improvement of the material properties of the final steel products. It is well known that a Ca-treatment of liquid steels in la

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8

Gao, Bing, and B. Wang. "Two Kinds of Cold Working Steel Performance Contrast Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 271-272 (December 2012): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.271-272.316.

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In project practice, Anchor ability of coupled steel bars concrete will higher than cold rolling belt rib steel bars. So, more economical steel bars and cement contents. Through comparative trial about on concretes component of coupled steels bars and cold rolling belt rib steel bars in this article. Summarizes that anchor ability of Low-alloy coupled steels are depending transverse steel, well, steel bars and concretes has the better joint work ability.

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9

Wu, Guo Sheng, and Yu Tao Wang. "Study on Thermal Fatigue Performance of Cold Work Roll Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 817–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.817.

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Thermal stability and thermal fatigue performance tests of four kinds of cold work roll steels were done. There are indications that after isothermal 2～6 hours under conditions of 400°C～720°C, the best is 8Cr5SiMoV steel, its thermal stability grows up as isothermal time increase; the second is 8Cr4MoV steel; the worse are 8Cr5MoV steel and 9Cr3MoV steel; and all the thermal stability of four kinds of cold work roll steels are lower than 400°C. Thermal fatigue performance of four kinds of cold work roll steels are basically same as their thermal stability, i.e. the best is 8Cr5SiMoV steel, and

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10

Zemlik, Martyna, Łukasz Konat, Kacper Leśny, and Krzysztof Jamroziak. "Comparison of Abrasive Wear Resistance of Hardox Steel and Hadfield Cast Steel." Applied Sciences 14, no. 23 (2024): 11141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app142311141.

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Among the materials used for components subjected to abrasive wear, chromium cast iron, hardfaced layers, martensitic steels and Hadfield steel should be singled out. Each of these types of materials exhibits a different morphology of structure and strength properties. Hadfield steel, characterized by an austenitic microstructure, shows the ability to strengthen the subsurface layers by cold work, while maintaining a ductile core. Hardox steels belong to the group of low-alloy martensitic boron steels. However, it should be noted that increasing hardness does not always translate into low wear

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11

Maube, Shem, Japheth Obiko, Josias Van der Merwe, Fredrick Mwema, Desmond Klenam, and Michael Bodunrin. "Comparative Study on Hot Metal Flow Behaviour of Virgin and Rejuvenated Heat Treatment Creep Exhausted P91 Steel." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (2023): 4449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074449.

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This article reports on the comparative study of the hot deformation behaviour of virgin (steel A) and rejuvenated heat treatment creep-exhausted (steel B) P91 steels. Hot uniaxial compression tests were conducted on the two steels at a deformation temperature range of 900–1050 °C and a strain rate range of 0.01–10 s−1 to a total strain of 0.6 using Gleeble® 3500 equipment. The results showed that the flow stress largely depends on the deformation conditions. The flow stress for the two steels increased with an increase in strain rate at a given deformation temperature and vice versa. The flow

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12

Yao, Zi Shan, Guang Xu, and Ming Xing Zhou. "Effect of Vanadium on the Microstructure and Property of Rebar Steel." Materials Science Forum 928 (August 2018): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.928.269.

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Rebar steel is used in the construction of various buildings. Vanadium (V), one of microalloying elements, is often added in the rebar steel to improve mechanical property. In order to analyse the effect of V on the microstructure and property of rebar steel, 0.043 wt.% V was added in a 20MnSi rebar steel. The base steel and V added steel were refined in a 50 kg vacuum induction furnace and rolled to plates of 14 mm thick. The mechanical properties of two steels were compared by tensile tests on a Wan-10000 tensile testing machine. The microstructure and precipitation of two steels were analys

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13

Sarangi, Soumya Sourav, and Avala Lavakumar. "Application of Rietveld Refinement and Williamson Hall Analysis in Ultra-Low Carbon to High Carbon Steels." Materials Science Forum 969 (August 2019): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.969.3.

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Current study deals with the microstructural characterization of five different plates of steel with carbon concentration ranging from ultra-low to moderately high. Phase analysis was carried out using XRD technique. The XRD results were analyzed through Rietveld refinement and Williamson Hall plots. Rietveld refinement was carried out to understand the effect of carbon concentration on the lattice parameters of the above steel samples in as-received condition and also after deformation under uni-axial tensile loading. Lattice parameters obtained from refinement showed the strong dependence on

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14

Yan, Zhu Ling. "Analysis of Factors Influencing the Performance of Q460 Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.7.

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With the development of technology, steel structures have been gaining increasingly widespread application, and the scope of research of steel types is also becoming increasingly broad. In addition to the four common steels used in construction, various mechanical properties and practical application of Q460 steel have also been studied at home and abroad at present. This paper introduces the research status of Q460 steel, describes its mechanical properties and the requirements for steels used in steel building structures, and analyzes the main factors influencing the properties of Q460 steel

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15

Umartono, Agus Setiyo. "PENGARUH PENGERJAAN DINGIN (COLD WORKING) PADA BAJA TAHAN KARAT JENIS AUSTENITIK (AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL) TYPE 304." Wahana Teknik 1, no. 1 (2012): 65–86. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3693269.

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Stainless steel (Stainless Steel) is actually an alloy of steel alloy with high levels (High alloy steel), stainless steels have properties that privileges resistant to corrosion and high temperatures. Corrosion resistant properties obtained from the oxide layer (especially chrome) which are very stable on the surface of the steel and protects the steel against the corrosive environment. Stainless steel (Stainless Steel), the most popular and widely used is the type Austenitic stainless steels, because it has high shock resistant properties, tenacious, are not interested in magnetic, corrosion

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16

Huang, Shi Hong, Ting Lei, Hong Xiao Chi, and Dang Shen Ma. "Application of Si in Tool and Die Steel." Advanced Materials Research 676 (March 2013): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.676.35.

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This paper analyzed the application status of Si in high speed tool steel, cold working die steel, hot work die steel and plastic die steel. On this basis, the effect of Si on the properties of different types of tool and dies steels is summarized. There is the certain reference value of the application of Si in tool and die steels.

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17

Tao, Huimin, Yafang Cai, Zeqi Tong, Yong Huang, and Mingming Ding. "Improved Ability to Resist Corrosion of Selective-Laser-Melted Stainless Steel Based on Microstructure and Passivation Film Characteristics." Coatings 14, no. 5 (2024): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050589.

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The local corrosion resistance of forging and selective laser melting (SLM) 304 steels was explored by intergranular corrosion analysis, double-loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation, dynamic polarization experimentation, structural analysis, and passivation film characteristics analysis. The ability to resist sensitization of SLM 304 steel is greater than that of forging 304 steel at a temperature of 650 °C for 9 h. Moreover, the pit corrosion resistance of forging and SLM 304 steels is weakened by sensitization, while the pit corrosion resistance of SLM 304 steel is much greater t

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18

Wang, Hailong, Yuanjian Wu, Xiaoyan Sun, Jiayan Ling, and Daoqin Zou. "Corrosion Resistance to Chloride of a Novel Stainless Steel: The Threshold Chloride Value and Effect of Surface State." Materials 12, no. 14 (2019): 2235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12142235.

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To evaluate the corrosion resistance of a novel stainless steel intended for use within reinforced concrete (RC) structures exposed to aggressive environments, the threshold chloride concentration of three stainless steels (316, 2205, novel 2205) and two carbon steels (HRB400, HRB500) exposed to pore solutions of fresh concrete was experimentally studied by means of electrochemical methods. The effect of steel surface state on the corrosion resistance was also experimentally investigated. The results showed that the novel stainless steel has a much higher corrosion resistance than those of the

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19

Yang, Yang, Kang Min Lee, Keun Yeong Oh, and Sung Bin Hong. "Structural Performance Evaluation of Built-Up Stub Steel Column with Various Steel Grades under Concentric Loading." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.127.

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The current local stability criteria (KBC2009, AISC2010) are enacted through theoretical and experimental studies of ordinary steels, but the mechanical properties of high strength steels are different from ordinary steels. The high strength steel in the applicability of design criteria should be needed to review because of increasing market demanding for high strength steel in the high-rise and long span buildings. In this study, stub columns of H-shaped and box section with various steel grades subjected to concentric loading were investigated, and these steels were checked to the applicabil

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20

Simcoe, Charles R. "Stainless Steel: The Steel That Does Not Rust, Part I." AM&P Technical Articles 173, no. 1 (2015): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.amp.2015-01.p038.

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Abstract One of the greatest advances in modern metallurgy was the discovery of a steel that does not rust, which occurred after research into high chromium steels began. French researchers began adding chromium or nickel to heat treated alloy steels during the 1880s and 1890s, while German researchers began combining chromium with nickel in the 1890s. This article recounts the early history of stainless steel.

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21

Zhou, Zaifeng, Zhexuan Zhang, Quan Shan, Zulai Li, Yehua Jiang, and Ru Ge. "Influence of Heat-Treatment on Enhancement of Yield Strength and Hardness by Ti-V-Nb Alloying in High-Manganese Austenitic Steel." Metals 9, no. 3 (2019): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9030299.

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To deal with the problem of poor yield strength and hardness in the initial use of high-manganese austenitic steel, we investigated the alloying design, microstructure, precipitates, mechanical properties, and comprehensive strengthening mechanism of high-manganese austenitic steel through two novel heat-treatment processes, namely continuous heating process (CHP) and segmented heat preservation process (SHPP). In this work, austenitic Fe-0.9C-17Mn-0.8Si-2.0Cr-0.3Ni-0.5Cu-0.7Mo steels alloyed with Ti, V, and Nb were designed. The grain size of SHPP steels was smaller than that of CHP steels du

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22

Mirkhaydarova, K. A., A. S. Tyusenkov, and Rif G. Rizvanov. "Gas Corrosion of Pyrolysis Furnace Coils." Solid State Phenomena 284 (October 2018): 1297–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.1297.

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The dependence of the rate of gas corrosion of high-alloy steels on temperature is investigated in this article. High corrosion resistance of steels is achieved by introducing into their composition of elements that form thin and strong oxide films on its surface. The most effective alloying elements are chromium, aluminum and nickel. Steel, containing these elements, becomes resistant to gas corrosion at high temperatures. Steels, containing less chromium, are susceptible to gas corrosion to the same extent as carbon steels. The steel 310 S and 316 Ti were tested for heat-resistance. Samples

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23

Schaupp, Thomas, Dirk Schröpfer, Arne Kromm, and Thomas Kannengiesser. "Welding Residual Stress Distribution of Quenched and Tempered and Thermo-Mechanically Hot Rolled High Strength Steels." Advanced Materials Research 996 (August 2014): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.996.457.

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Beside quenched and tempered (QT) high strength steels advanced technologies in steel manufacturing provide steels produced by the thermo-mechanical controlled process (TMCP) with yield strength of 960 MPa. These steels differ in the carbon and micro-alloying element content. With variation of heat control TIG-welded dummy seams on both steel types were performed. Analyses concerning microstructure and residual stress evolution due to welding showed typical stress distributions according to common concepts. Yet, the TMCP-steel shows higher residual stresses than the QT-steel.

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24

Ene, Anna, Aurel Stratan, Ioan Both, and Ovidiu Abrudan. "Monotonic and cyclic response of mild, stainless, and high‐strength steels, and their welded connections." ce/papers 6, no. 3-4 (2023): 595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2481.

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AbstractIn the last decades, a significant number of studies have been devoted to the use of high‐performance steels in construction industry, due to their superior mechanical properties. High‐performance steels include, among others, austenitic stainless steel for its large ductility and excellent toughness and high‐strength steel for its high proof stress. When several steel grades are adopted in the same structural component, welded connections between dissimilar steels have a decisive importance in the seismic performance of a dissipative member. An experimental assessment of the monotonic

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Ene, Anna, Ioan Both, Ovidiu Abrudan, Aurel Stratan, Horia Florin Daşcău, and Nicușor Alin Sîrbu. "Experimental Investigation of Monotonic and Cyclic Behaviour of High-Performance Steels." Key Engineering Materials 953 (August 25, 2023): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-k0xked.

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As a new trend in modern structural design, the high-performance steels are increasingly used in steel structures, due to their superior mechanical properties, which could have decisive impact on the resistance and deformation capacity of structural components. High-performance steels include stainless and high-strength steels. The higher proof stress of the high-strength steels allows using thinner sections and material economy for those structural elements that do not experience stability problems. Austenitic stainless steel shows a series of advantages, including low maintenance costs and a

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26

Hwang, Joong-Ki. "Effect of Grain Size on Thermophysical Properties in Twinning-Induced Plasticity Steel." Materials 18, no. 4 (2025): 890. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18040890.

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This study investigated the thermophysical properties of TWIP steel with respect to grain size. The coefficient of thermal expansion (β) of TWIP steel was approximately 22.4 × 10−6 °C−1, and this value was hardly affected by the grain size. Therefore the density of TWIP steel was also unaffected by grain size within the tested range. The β in TWIP steel was higher than that of plain carbon steels (13–15 × 10−6 °C−1) such as interstitial free (IF) steel and low-carbon steel, and stainless steels (18–21 × 10−6 °C−1) such as X10NiCrMoTiB1515 steel and 18Cr-9Ni-2.95Cu-0.58Nb-0.1C steel. The specif

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27

Habib, K. A., M. S. Damra, J. J. Saura, I. Cervera, and J. Bellés. "Breakdown and Evolution of the Protective Oxide Scales of AISI 304 and AISI 316 Stainless Steels under High-Temperature Oxidation." International Journal of Corrosion 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/824676.

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The failure of the protective oxide scales of AISI 304 and AISI 316 stainless steels has been studied and compared at 1,000°C in synthetic air. First, the isothermal thermogravimetric curves of both stainless steels were plotted to determine the time needed to reach the breakdown point. The different resistance of each stainless steel was interpreted on the basis of the nature of the crystalline phases formed, the morphology, and the surface structure as well as the cross-section structure of the oxidation products. The weight gain of AISI 304 stainless steel was about 8 times greater than tha

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Wang, Dong, and Ye Feng Guan. "Investigation on the Reaction of Refractories with 16MnRE Steel." Key Engineering Materials 575-576 (September 2013): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.423.

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When teeming rare earth treated steels the nozzle blockage occurred so frequently that seriously interferes the application of RE in steels. In this study we tried to investigate the relationship between the wettablility of 16MnRE steel and nozzle materials. The results showed that the weakest wettability of steel liquid was observed on fused silica among the six nozzle materials. Next came zircon and high-alumina nozzle. It has no obvious difference between the 16MnRE steels when final deoxidized containing and not containing Al addition. The wettability of 10Ti steel was weaker than 16MnRE s

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Wang, Yuhang, Xian Zhang, Wenzhui Wei, Xiangliang Wan, Jing Liu, and Kaiming Wu. "Effects of Ti and Cu Addition on Inclusion Modification and Corrosion Behavior in Simulated Coarse-Grained Heat-Affected Zone of Low-Alloy Steels." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040791.

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In this paper, the effects of Ti and Cu addition on inclusion modification and corrosion behavior in the simulated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of low-alloy steels were investigated by using in-situ scanning vibration electrode technique (SVET), scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and electrochemical workstation. The results demonstrated that the complex inclusions formed in Cu-bearing steel were (Ti, Al, Mn)-Ox-MnS, which was similar to that in base steel. Hence, localized corrosion was initiated by the dissolution of MnS. However, the mai

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Aromaa, Jari, Antero Pehkonen, Sönke Schmachtel, Istvan Galfi, and Olof Forsén. "Electrochemical Determination of Hydrogen Entry to HSLA Steel during Pickling." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3676598.

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Pickling with hydrochloric acid is a standard method to clean steel surfaces before hot-dip galvanizing. When normal low strength steels are pickled, hydrogen formed in pickling reactions does not have any significant harmful effect on the mechanical properties of steel. However, in pickling of steels with higher strength, the penetration of hydrogen into the steel may cause severe damages. The effect of pickling of high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels was investigated using a cell construction based on the Devanathan-Stachurski method with modified anodic surface treatment and hydrogen produ

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Węgrzyn, Tomasz, Tadeusz Szymczak, Bożena Szczucka-Lasota, and Bogusław Łazarz. "MAG Welding Process with Micro-Jet Cooling as the Effective Method for Manufacturing Joints for S700MC Steel." Metals 11, no. 2 (2021): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11020276.

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Advanced high-strength steel (AHSS) steels are relatively not very well weldable because of the dominant martensitic structure with coarse ferrite and bainite. The utmost difficulty in welding these steels is their tendency to crack both in the heat affected zone (HAZ) and in weld. The significant disadvantage is that the strength of the welded joint is much lower in comparison to base material. Adopting the new technology regarding micro-jet cooling (MJC) after welding with micro-jet cooling could be the way to steer the microstructure of weld metal deposit. Welding with micro-jet cooling mig

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Meng, Qian, Peiqing La, Liang Yao, Peng Zhang, Yupeng Wei, and Xin Guo. "Effect of Al on Microstructure and Properties of Hot-Rolled 2205 Dual Stainless Steel." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7518067.

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The microstructure, mechanical properties, oxidation, and corrosion resistance of 2205 stainless steels without and with Al in a range of 0.5 to 2.5 wt.% were investigated in this paper. The results showed that the matrix phase transformed from austenite to ferrite. The volume fraction of the ferrite in the steels decreased at first and then increased and was the lowest in the steel with 0.5 wt.% Al. Most of the Al was dissolved in the ferrite and austenite phases in the steels. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation rate of the steels increased at first and then decreased with the incre

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HU, Ju-Yun, and Won-Kee HONG. "Steel beam–column joint with discontinuous vertical reinforcing bars." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 23, no. 4 (2017): 440–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2016.1210217.

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The authors have previously proposed steel beam–column connections for precast concrete frames. The steel–concrete composite frames combined the advantages of the fast assembly of steel and the low cost of concrete structures. However, when not enough space is available at column–beam joints, steel sections from beams cannot be connected with column brackets. To address this issue, this paper explores the strategy of disconnecting some vertical reinforcing bars at the joints by connecting vertical steel reinforcements to steel plates placed above and below column steels, to provide a load tran

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Selokar, Ashish, D. B. Goel, and Ujjwal Prakash. "A Comparative Study of Cavitation Erosive Behaviour of 23/8N Nitronic Steel and 13/4 Martensitic Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 585 (November 2012): 554–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.585.554.

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Abstract: Hydroturbine blades in hydroelectric power plants are subjected to erosion. Currently these blades are made of 13/4 martensitic stainless steel (ASTM grade A743). This steel suffers from several maintenance and welding related problems. Nitronic steels are being considered as an alternative to martensitic stainless steels since they have good weldability. In present work, erosive behaviour of 13/4 Martensitic and Nitrogen alloyed austenitic stainless steel (23/8N steel) has been studied. Cavitation erosion tests were carried out in distilled water at 20 KHz frequency at constant ampl

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Hietala, Mikko, Antti Järvenpää, Markku Keskitalo, and Kari Mäntyjärvi. "Bending Strength of Laser-Welded Sandwich Steel Panels of Ultra-High Strength Steel." Key Engineering Materials 786 (October 2018): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.786.286.

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The study was performed to investigate the bending resistance of laser-welded sandwich panels (Vf-core). The main aim of the study was to determine the effect of the tensile strength on bending strength of the panel structures. Panels were manufactured using an ultra-high strength (UHS) and low strength (LS) steels with yield strengths of 1200 and 200 MPa, respectively. Secondly, the bending strength of the panel structures was compared with the conventional sheet steels to estimate the possibilities for weight reduction. Results showed that the UHS steel panels had significantly higher bendin

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Krstevska, Aleksandra, Maja Poser, and Filip Zdraveski. "Weldability between steel type 304H and steel type P91 for high temperature applications." Zavarivanje i zavarene konstrukcije 68, no. 4 (2023): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/zzk2301029k.

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This paper presents research about weldability between two dissimilar steels, martensitic steel P91 and 304H austenitic steel. Both materials are being preferred as a structural material for higher temperature applications due to their good mechanical properties at high temperatures. The mechanical properties at high temperature, such as tensile strength and creep resistance, are very important factors that ensure the application of materials. The P91 is modified martensitic Cr steel with higher amount of chromium which improves the higher temperature strength and molybdenum that increases cre

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YU, Z. Q., Y. K. HOU, S. H. LI, Z. Q. LIN, and W. G. ZHANG. "SURFACE DAMAGE BEHAVIOR OF GALVANIZED STEEL SHEETS IN FORMING PROCESS UNDER TENSION-BENDING." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 30 (2010): 5877–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210057481.

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The surface damage behaviors of different galvanized steel sheets were investigated under the condition of tension-bending. The U-channel forming tests were performed for HDGI (hot-dip galvanized) and HDGA (hot-dip galvannealed) steels. Experimental results indicate that HDGI steel shows better damage resistance than HDGA steel in sheet metal forming. Scratching is the main surface damage in the forming of HDGI steel while exfoliating and scratching of coating are two types of surface damage for HDGA steel. And tool hardness and surface topography have crucial effects on part surface damage in

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BIBICU, ION. "Mössbauer studies on steel samples." Journal of Engineering Sciences and Innovation 6, no. 3 (2021): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.56958/jesi.2021.6.3.7.

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"The paper presents the studies on the steels samples performed by Mössbauer spectroscopy. The 57Fe isotope is most studied isotope by this method. The first studies were realized in the transmission geometry. Thus were studied industrial Fe-C steels, Fe-Si electrotechnical steels, the action of an organic inhibitor on the corrosion of OL37 steel and the compound formed at the Fe-Sn interface of a babbit bearing. The following studies were concentrated on the surface studies. The development of new detectors for surface studies was accomplish. The corrosion of industrial carbon steel in dilute

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Yurianto, Yurianto, Sulardjaka Sulardjaka, Adi Widyanto Susilo, and Yanuar Padang. "COMPARISON OF THE STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES BETWEEN SINGLE QUENCH+TEMPER AND DOUBLE QUENCH+TEMPER OF MEDIUMCARBON AND CARBONMANGANESE STEEL." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 5, no. 12 (107) (2020): 15–22. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.214223.

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Quenched and tempered steels are needed for highly-stressed structures in military and non-military equipment. This paper was written for studying the structure and properties (hardness and impact energy absorbed) of medium-carbon and carbon-manganese steels before and after Quench+Temper and Double Quenched+Tempered. Because water is cheap and easy to control, it was used as a quenching medium. This study compares the hardness and impact energy absorbed of quenched plus tempered and double quenched plus tempered steels. The results showed that double quenched plus tempered steel hardness was

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Darma, Eko, Jaka Muslim Nuranto, and Fajar Prihesnanto. "Comparative Investigation of the Tensile Strength of Steel Bars With and Without Couplers." E3S Web of Conferences 500 (2024): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450003007.

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Connection in reinforced concrete is unavoidable due to limited length of steel. As known the maximum length of steel 12 metres and used for beams, columns, plates, foundations, etc. Sometimes several buildings use long spans between column to column for architecture causes longer steel needs. If spans are more than 12 metres the steels should be connected by welding, coupler drates, and other parts of connection. Coupler drates one of the most popular connection and it is easy to make connection between steels in the reinforcement concrete. This research aims to determine the behaviour of ste

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Campagnoli, Elena, Paolo Matteis, Giovanni M. M. Mortarino, and Giorgio Scavino. "Thermal Diffusivity of Traditional and Innovative Sheet Steels." Defect and Diffusion Forum 297-301 (April 2010): 893–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.297-301.893.

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The low carbon steels, used for the production of car bodies by deep drawing, are gradually substituted by high strength steels for vehicle weight reduction. The drawn car body components are joined by welding and the welded points undergo a reduction of the local tensile strength. In developing an accurate welding process model, able to optimized process parameters and to predict the final local microstructure, a significant improvement can be given by the knowledge of the welded steels thermal diffusivity at different temperatures. The laser-flash method has been used to compare the thermal

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Li, Guannan, Xiaopei Guo, Tao Li, and Shuoyang Wang. "Development of low-cost weathering steel for photovoltaic supports." Metallurgical Research & Technology 120, no. 1 (2023): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023009.

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The demand for galvanized steels used for the photovoltaic supports has been increasing significantly with the widely application of photovoltaic equipment. However, the producing progress of galvanized steel has caused serious environment pollution which mainly includes water pollution and soil pollution. Therefore, the alternatives of galvanized steel are sought by numerous steel manufactures. Weathering steel emerged as one of its substitutes. In this paper, three types of weathering steel were developed as substitutes for galvanized steel Q235. The mechanical properties and wet-dry acceler

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Korchynsky, Michael. "Advanced Metallic Structural Materials and a New Role for Microalloyed Steels." Materials Science Forum 500-501 (November 2005): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.500-501.471.

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The recent worldwide surge of steel consumption, mainly of low-strength carbon grades, has created raw-materials shortages and price increases. These supply-demand strains could be relaxed by satisfying engineering needs with less steel. However, materials used for such a substitution must combine high weight reducing potential with low cost. Microalloyed (MA) steels are cost- effective substitutes, since their high strength is the result of grain refinement and precipitation hardening. The optimum alloy design of MA steels combines superior properties with lowest processing cost. The growing

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Kolařík, Ladislav, Miroslav Sahul, Marie Kolaříková, Martin Sahul, and Milan Turňa. "Resistance Spot Welding of Low Carbon Steel to Austenitic CrNi Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 875-877 (February 2014): 1499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.875-877.1499.

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The contribution deals with resistance spot welding of low carbon steel to austenitic CrNi stainless steel. The thickness of welded dissimilar steels was 2 mm. DeltaSpot welding gun with process tape was utilized for welding of the above-mentioned combination of steels. Resistance spot welds were produced under different welding currents. The welding currents used were 7 kA, 7.5 kA and 8 kA, respectively. Optical microscopy, microhardness measurement across the weld joint and EDX analysis across the weld joint interface were used to evaluate the quality of resistance spot welds of dissimilar s

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Li, Zhuang, Di Wu, Wei Lv, Shao Pu Kang, and Zhen Zheng. "Effect of Rare Earth Elements on Machining Characteristics of Austenitic Stainless Steels without Lead Addition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 377 (August 2013): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.377.128.

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Rare earth elements (REE) are harmless for human health. REE addition contributes to the improvement of the machinability of the steels. In the present paper, machining characteristics of austenitic stainless steels without lead addition were investigated by adding free-machining elements, such as sulfur, REE and bismuth. The results have shown that large numbers of rounded, globular shaped inclusions were obtained for both steels. The machinability of steel B is better than that of steel A, and the cutting forces of steel B are lower than those of steel A at various cutting speeds. Lead can b

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Huang, Xuqiang, and Zhaoyang Lu. "Microstructure and Properties of Press-Bonded Dissimilar Stainless Steel and Mild Carbon Steel Ingots." Metals 12, no. 12 (2022): 2142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12122142.

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Dissimilar steel welds between stainless and mild steels are necessary for the efficient utilization of stainless steels in construction. In the present work, a dissimilar large-sized steel ingot was fabricated by press bonding a Q235 steel to a SUS 304 steel at 1100–500 °C. The microstructure of bonded interfaces has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis, and transmission electron microscopy, together with tensile tests to evaluate the bonding strength. It has been demonstrated that a strong-bonded, high-quality, dissimilar steel ingot could be fabri

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Ahmed, A., S. N. Ghali, M. Eissa, and S. A. El Badry. "Influence of Partial Replacement of Nickel by Nitrogen on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel." Journal of Metallurgy 2011 (November 16, 2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/639283.

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A new modified austenitic stainless steel has been developed through partial replacement of nickel by nitrogen. Nitrogen stainless steel was produced in 10 kg induction furnace under nitrogen pressure, while reference one, AISI 316 steel grade, was produced in open-induction furnace. Both were cast and hot forged, and the total nitrogen was determined. Furthermore, the produced forged steels were subjected to solution treatment at different temperatures. The microstructure of produced stainless steels was observed. The X-ray diffractmeter and Mossbauer effect spectroscopy were used to follow t

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Ayer, Raghavan, and P. M. Machmeier. "TEM examination of hardening and toughening phenomena in a ultrahigh-strength steel." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 698–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100171225.

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During the development of the popular ultrahigh strength AF1410 steel, Machmeier, et.al., observed that a small variation in the chromium content had a significant improvement on the toughness of the steel in the quenched and tempered condition. The present TEM study was directed at examining the microstructural basis for this toughness enhancement.The following samples of AF1410 type steels with two levels of chromium were examined: Steel A: 0.16%C, 10.02%Ni, 2.97%Cr, 1.21 %Mo, 13.74%Co and bal. Fe Steel B: 0.16%C, 10.15%Ni, 1.95%Cr, 0.98%Mo, 13.8% Co and bal. Fe. Steel A represents the compo

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Qi, Liang, Ai Min Zhao, and Zheng Zhi Zhao. "Effect of Boron or Cuprum on Phase Transition and Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Steels for Oil Tank." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 1063–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.1063.

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Two kinds of oil tank steels were fabricated by added B(B-steel) and Cu(Cu-steel) , and their microstructures, tensile and Charpy impact properties, undercooled austenite transformation were investigated. In this work,0.0016%B can improve hardenability distinctly. The B-steel was mainly composed of bainite at the cooling rate of 3°Cs-1, but the Cu-steel completely consisted of bainite when the cooling rate exceed 20°Cs-1. The steels manufactured by thermo-mechanical controlled process , test results indicated that the B-steel had the higher yield and tensile strength than the Cu-steel ,because

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50

Park, Jeong Yeol, Byoung Koo Kim, Dae Geun Nam, and Myung Hyun Kim. "Effect of Nickel Contents on Fatigue Crack Growth Rate and Fracture Toughness for Nickel Alloy Steels." Metals 12, no. 2 (2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12020173.

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In terms of steel alloying elements, generally, nickel is used as an austenite stabilizing element to increase the toughness of steel. The low temperature materials, such as nickel alloy steels with a nickel content of 3.5% to 9%, stainless steel and Invar, show excellent toughness at low (173 K) and cryogenic (108 K) temperatures. In particular, in the shipbuilding industry, it is mainly used for liquefied ethane and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) carriers, and research on low-temperature steels are attracting attention again as regulations on environmental issues are strengthened in recent year

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