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Journal articles on the topic 'Steering chain'
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DinparastDjadid, Azadeh, John D. Lee, Chris Schwarz, Timothy L. Brown, and Pujitha Gunaratne. "Understanding Drivers’ Steering Behavior: Chain And One-Time Corrections." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 1858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621423.
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Drivers’ steering adjustments can be categorized into one-time and chain corrections. One-time corrections lead to no further steering corrections for a minimum of one second, while chain corrections have at least two consecutive steering actions. Chain corrections represent a novel indicator of steering instability. Evolving vehicle dynamics along with drivers’ state and situational factors can cause these different correction types. In a driving simulator study, drivers’ experienced different roadway widths with and without distraction. The results show that higher steering wheel angle values at the beginning or end of a correction lead to chain corrections and the duration of these corrections tends to be shorter than adjustments not leading to chain corrections. Exploring the underlying causes of different corrections can guide efforts to model drivers’ control actions in recovering from distractions and in taking over control during automation failures.
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Zhao, Fa, Zhu Liu, and Liu Ye. "Improving of steering and nonlocality via local filtering operation in Heisenberg XY model." Modern Physics Letters A 35, no. 28 (July 22, 2020): 2050233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732320502338.
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In this work, we mainly study quantum steering and nonlocality of two-qubit Heisenberg [Formula: see text] spin-1/2 chain via local filtering operation. Our analytical results show that quantum steering and nonlocality can be affected by coupling constant [Formula: see text], temperature [Formula: see text], external magnetic field [Formula: see text] and anisotropy constant [Formula: see text]. Quantum steering and nonlocality would degrade with the increase of temperature [Formula: see text] and anisotropy constant [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text] is small, we can observe quantum steering and nonlocality increase with [Formula: see text]. When [Formula: see text] getting bigger, what we will see is that steering goes down first, then grows up. We can improve quantum steering and nonlocality via local filtering operation. We chose an appropriate parameter [Formula: see text], the steering and nonlocality can be improved when we fix three in those four parameters. There is a queer phenomenon in some situations that the range of one side for steering and nonlocality can extend greatly by losing them in another side. Therefore, our investigations might shed light on steering and nonlocality under the Heisenberg [Formula: see text] spin chain model and make a little step in the progress of quantum information.
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Bogdan, Grzegorz, Konrad Godziszewski, and Yevhen Yashchyshyn. "Experimental investigation of beam-steering applied to 2 × 2 MIMO system with single receiving RF chain and time-modulated antenna array." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 12, no. 6 (June 19, 2020): 504–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078720000744.
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AbstractMultiple antennas and multiple radio frequency (RF) chains in both the transmitter and receiver are required in conventional radio systems employing the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) method. This paper presents an experimental investigation of a beam-steering time-modulated MIMO receiver with a single RF chain. Implementation of the receiver is based on a time-modulated antenna array (TMAA) and a software-defined radio. The sidebands generated inherently by the TMAA are utilized as virtual spatial channels with the beam-steering functionality. Performance of the system is investigated experimentally. The bit error rate and condition number of the channel matrix are examined for different radiation patterns in order to determine favorable configurations in a given multipath environment. Obtained results show a considerable impact of the beam-steering on the performance of MIMO transmission.
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Kalaga, Joanna K., Wiesław Leoński, and Radosław Szczęśniak. "Quantum steering in an asymmetric chain of nonlinear oscillators." Photonics Letters of Poland 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v9i3.759.
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We discuss here a possibility of generation of steerable states in asymmetric chains comprising three Kerr-like nonlinear oscillators. We show that steering between modes can be generated in the system and it strongly depends on the asymmetry of internal couplings in our model. We can lead to the appearance of new steering effects, which were not present in symmetric models already studied in the literature. Full Text: PDF ReferencesE. Schrödinger, "Discussion of Probability Relations between Separated Systems", Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 31, 555 (1935). CrossRef M.D. Reid, "Demonstration of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox using nondegenerate parametric amplification", Phys. Rev. A 40, 913 (1989). CrossRef E.G. Cavalcanti, M.D. Reid, "Uncertainty relations for the realization of macroscopic quantum superpositions and EPR paradoxes", Journal of Modern Optics 54, 2373 (2007). CrossRef S.P. Walborn, A. Salles, R.M. Gomes, F. Toscano, P.H. Souto Ribeiro, "Revealing Hidden Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Nonlocality", Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 130402 (2011). CrossRef H.M. Wiseman, S.J. Jones, A.C. Doherty, "Steering, Entanglement, Nonlocality, and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox", Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 140402 (2007). CrossRef S.J. Jones, H.M. Wiseman, A.C. Doherty, "Entanglement, Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations, Bell nonlocality, and steering", Phys. Rev. A 76, 052116 (2007). CrossRef J.K. Kalaga, W. Leoński, "Quantum steering borders in three-qubit systems", Quantum Inf Process 16, 175 (2017). CrossRef Q. He, Z. Ficek, "Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox and quantum steering in a three-mode optomechanical system", Phys. Rev. A 89, 022332 (2014). CrossRef S. Kiesewetter, Q.Y. He, P.D. Drummond, M.D. Reid, "Scalable quantum simulation of pulsed entanglement and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in optomechanics", Phys. Rev. A 90, 043805 (2014). CrossRef K. Bartkiewicz, A. Cernoch, K. Lemr, A. Miranowicz, F. Nori, "Experimental temporal quantum steering", Scientific Reports 6, 38076 (2016). CrossRef A. Barasiński, B. Brzostowski, R. Matysiak, P. Sobczak, D. Woźniak, In: R. Wyrzykowski, J. Dongarra, K. Karczewski, J. Wasniewski editor, Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics (PPAM 2013), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8385. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2014). CrossRef A. Drzewiński, J. Sznajd, "On the real-space renormalization-group study of some 2D quantum spin systems", Physica A 170, 415 (1991). CrossRef G.J. Milburn, C.A. Holmes, "Quantum coherence and classical chaos in a pulsed parametric oscillator with a Kerr nonlinearity", Phys. Rev. A 44, 4704 (1991). CrossRef W. Leoński, "Quantum and classical dynamics for a pulsed nonlinear oscillator", Physica A 233, 365 (1996). CrossRef A. Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk, J.K. Kalaga, W. Leoński, "Long-time fidelity and chaos for a kicked nonlinear oscillator system", Physics Letters A 373, 1334 (2009). CrossRef J.K. Kalaga, W. Leoński, "Two proposals of quantum chaos indicators related to the mean number of photons: pulsed Kerr-like oscillator case", Proc. SPIE 10142, 101421L (2016). CrossRef A. Barasiński, W. Leoński, T. Sowiński, "Ground-state entanglement of spin-1 bosons undergoing superexchange interactions in optical superlattices", J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 31, 1845 (2014). CrossRef A. Barasiński, W. Leoński, "Symmetry restoring and ancilla-driven entanglement for ultra-cold spin-1 atoms in a three-site ring", Quantum Inf Process 16, 6 (2017). CrossRef D. Woźniak, A. Drzewiński, G. Kamieniarz, "Relaxation Dynamics in the Spin-1 Heisenberg Antiferromagnetic Chain after a Quantum Quench of the Uniaxial Anisotropy", Acta Physica Polonica A 130, 1395 (2016). CrossRef R. Szczęśniak, D. Szczęśniak, E.A. Drzazga, "Superconducting state in the atomic metallic hydrogen just above the pressure of the molecular dissociation", Solid State Communications 152, 2023 (2012). CrossRef A. P. Durajski, R. Szczęśniak, M.W. Jarosik, "Properties of the superconducting state in compressed sulphur", Phase Transitions 85, 727 (2012). CrossRef R. Szczęśniak, A. P. Durajski, "The thermodynamic properties of the high-pressure superconducting state in the hydrogen-rich compounds", Solid State Sciences 25, 45 (2013). CrossRef X. Wang, A. Miranowicz, H.R. Li, F. Nori, "Multiple-output microwave single-photon source using superconducting circuits with longitudinal and transverse couplings", Phys. Rev. A 94, 053858, (2016). CrossRef Y.X. Liu, X.W. Xu, A. Miranowicz, F. Nori, "From blockade to transparency: Controllable photon transmission through a circuit-QED system", Phys. Rev. A 89, 043818 (2014). CrossRef M.K. Olsen, "Spreading of entanglement and steering along small Bose-Hubbard chains", Phys. Rev. A 92, 033627 (2015). CrossRef E.G. Cavalcanti, Q.Y. He, M.D. Reid, H.M. Wiseman, "Unified criteria for multipartite quantum nonlocality", Phys. Rev. A 84, 032115 (2011). CrossRef
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Li, Hao, Aimin Wu, and Lixing You. "Optical Beam Steering With an All-Silicon Particle Chain." IEEE Photonics Journal 10, no. 5 (October 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2018.2871839.
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Dejoie, Thomas, Guillemette Fouquet, Cyrille Hulin, Murielle Roussel, Benjamin Hebraud, Lionel Karlin, Brigitte Kolb, et al. "Light Chain Escape in Multiple Myeloma." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 1881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112396.
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Abstract Background. Progression by serum free light chain (sFLC) test without or preceding progression with intact immunoglobulin (Ig) is called light chain escape. This event alone is not considered a progression for patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM) according to International guidelines, although it is often considered a progression in real life and by clinical trials' investigators. We therefore sought to determine whether light chain escape would be a predictor of relapse and thus question a possible need to modify the current criteria for progression according to the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG). Material and method. We have reviewed 325 (323 for analysis) patients that presented with a progression in the IFM/DFCI2009 phase 3 study (Attal et al. NEJM 2017). Among these 323 patients, 260 had initial tumor bulk measurement with intact Ig by serum protein electrophoresis test (SPEP; Ig ≥ 10 g/L) and 63 light chain MM (Ig < 10 g/L) measured using urine protein electrophoresis (UPEP). All progressions were validated in the central laboratory of CHU de Nantes (Dr T. Dejoie) and followed IMWG recommendations. sFLC increase was determined by absolute increase ≥ 100 mg/L and ≥ 25% from nadir value of the difference between involved and uninvolved FLC (ΔiFLC). Light chain escape was defined as sFLC increase without progression by SPEP (Ig increase ≥ 5 g/L and ≥ 25%) or UPEP (increase ≥ 200 mg/24h and ≥ 25%). Results. Among the 260 patients with intact Ig at diagnosis, 3 (1.15%) patients presented a light chain escape: progression by sFLC test without progression by SPEP. In parallel, 228 patients (87.7%) progressed by SPEP, of whom 18/228 (6.25%) showed a sFLC increase preceding the increase of intact Ig, with a median delay of 63 days. Among the 63 light chain MM, 6 (9.5%) patients presented a light chain escape: progression by sFLC test without progression by UPEP. Interestingly, 6 other patients (9.5%) progressed by SPEP even though Ig was < 10 g/L at diagnosis. Of the remaining 46 patients, 38 (60.3%) showed sFLC increase before progression by UPEP. Finally, 8 patients (12.7%) progressed but with intact Ig pauci-secreting MM meeting none of the M spike based progression criteria. Median time from iFLC nadir to ΔiFLC ≥ 100 mg/L was 280 days for light chain MM, 496 days for intact Ig MM, and 651 days for light chain escape. Median time from ΔiFLC ≥ 100 mg/L to follow-up visit to assess progression was 402 days light chain MM, 536 days for intact Ig MM, and 713 days for light chain escape. Overall, 9 (3%) patients had true light chain escape with progression by sFLC test without any other progression criteria. In parallel, in 56 (17%) patients, sFLC increase preceded progression to MM by standard test (SPEP or UPEP). Still the vast majority of patients had a regular relapse using the standard markers for progression. Conclusion. Based on a large study of patients treated into a phase 3 clinical trial with centralized assessment of response and progression, we showed that 20% of patients had progression by sFLC without meeting standard progression markers, of whom 3% had true light chain escape and 17% early light chain increase. Even though true light chain escape seems to be a rare phenomenon, analysis of sFLC test could help to avoid delayed or missed diagnosis of progression in 20% of patients in this clinical trial. This data should be confirmed in another database to assess whether a modification in the progression criteria in MM International guidelines should be proposed. Disclosures Hulin: Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding. Roussel:Amgen: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy. Hebraud:Amgen: Consultancy; Janssen: Consultancy, Other: Lecture fees; travel and accommodation for congress, Research Funding; Sanofi: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy, Other: Lecture fees, Research Funding. Karlin:Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel support; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: travel support. Belhadj:Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria. Decaux:Celgene: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; Amgen: Honoraria. Garderet:Amgen: Consultancy; Takeda: Consultancy; Celgene: Consultancy. Facon:Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Karyopharm: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Oncopeptides: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Avet-Loiseau:Abbvie: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sanofi: Consultancy, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Moreau:Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Abbvie: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Janssen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Attal:Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Janseen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sanofi: Consultancy. Leleu:Karyopharm: Honoraria; Gilead: Honoraria; Incyte: Honoraria, Other: steering committee membership ; Roche: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria, Other: steering committee membership steering committee membership ; Novartis: Honoraria, Other: steering committee membership ; Amgen: Honoraria, Other: steering committee membership ; Merk: Honoraria, Other: steering committee membership ; Takeda: Honoraria, Other: steering committee membership ; BMS: Honoraria, Other: steering committee membership ; Celgene: Honoraria, Other: steering committee membership ; Janssen: Honoraria, Other.
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Achuthan, P., E. Balu, A. Ravishankar, and S. Venugopal. "Pivot Steering Based Omnidirectional Mobile Platform." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1147.
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Synchro drive uses chain sprocket mechanism to drive three wheels at vertex of triangular chaises and has limited load bearing capacities due to asymmetry. The driving and steering motors fixed near to the vertex of the triangular chassis and wear in chains over a period of time results in increased dead reckoning. The concept of simple pivot based mobile platform using two drives overcasts a conventional synchro drive omnidirectional mobile platform in many aspects .This mobile platform has symmetric chassis with six wheels that makes platform stable irrespective of any configuration. Gear trains to steer the four corner wheels in tandem with pivot wheel adds omnidirectional feature along with increased load bearing capacities and reduced dead reckoning. This paper highlights the concept of pivot steer based omnidirectional mobile platform.
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Yamaguchi, Hiroaki, and Tamio Arai. "A Conversion of a Cooperative Transportation System with Two Car-Like Mobile Robots into Two-Chain, Single-Generator Chained Form and its Steering." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 1 (February 20, 2009): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0057.
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This paper presents a novel methodology for steering a cooperative transportation system comprising two car-like mobile robots coupled together via a carrier. The system is a three-input seven-variable drift-free nonholonomic mechanical system. The three control inputs are the moving velocity of the first mobile robot and the steering angular velocities of the two mobile robots. The seven variables are the positions of the first mobile robot along the x- and y-axes, its steering angle, its orientation, the orientation of the carrier, the steering angle of the second mobile robot, and its orientation. We first convert the system into two-chain, single-generator chained form, based on differential geometry. We secondly present a control method of the system with polynomial inputs derived in chained form. Validity of the conversion and the control method is verified by computer simulations performed on driving this cooperative transportation system into a garage. This paper is the full translation from the transactions of JSME Vol.69, No.686.
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Nie, Zhongquan, Weiqiang Ding, Guang Shi, Dongyu Li, Xueru Zhang, Yuxiao Wang, and Yinglin Song. "Achievement and steering of light-induced sub-wavelength longitudinal magnetization chain." Optics Express 23, no. 16 (August 5, 2015): 21296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.021296.
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Sukhov, Alexander, Paul P. Horley, Chenglong Jia, and Jamal Berakdar. "Steering Magnetization with Electric Fields in a Composite Multi-Ferroic Chain." Ferroelectrics 428, no. 1 (January 2012): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150193.2012.675829.
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Delrobaei, Mehdi, and Kenneth A. McIsaac. "Design and Steering Control of a Center-Articulated Mobile Robot Module." Journal of Robotics 2011 (2011): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/621879.
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This paper discusses the design and steering control for an autonomous modular mobile robot. The module is designed with a center-articulated steering joint to minimize the number of actuators used in the chain. We propose a feedback control law which allows steering between configurations in the plane and show its application as a parking control to dock modules together. The control law is designed by Lyapunov techniques and relies on the equations of the robot in polar coordinates. A set of experiments have been carried out to show the performance of the proposed approach. The design is intended to endow individual wheeled modules with the capability to merge and make a single snake-like robot to take advantage of the benefits of modular robotics.
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Setiawan, Didik, Wawan Trisnadi Putra, and Nanang Suffiandi Ahmad. "PENGARUH BAHAN TAMBAH RD260, E7016, ER705-6 PADA PENGELASAN OXY- ACETYLENE TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK PADA PLAT BORDES TIPE ST-37." KOMPUTEK 5, no. 1 (April 7, 2021): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/jkt.v5i1.680.
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This study aims to test the performance of the steering system, transmission, and electric braking system of the Urban Concept Warek V.1.1 type. The basic assumption of electricity is designed with the Urban Concept type (four vehicles like the current car) which is adjusted to the regulations for the Energy Saving Petite Contest (KMHE), which is held by the Indonesian government through the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education. In the steering system design using the Ackerman type steering system, the transmission system uses a chain deive differential while the braking system uses hideelik discs. In the test results, the steering system has a maximum turning angle of 45 ° with a radius of less than 6 meters, for the transmission system in the test engine rotation speed (n,) is 589,867 rpm and electric meter rotation is 642.6 rpm with average speed - Average. 53 km / hour. The amount of deceleration of the braking system is 4.901 and 1.47 s for the braking time.
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Yamaguchi, Hiroaki. "Control of A New Type of Undulatory Wheeled Locomotor: A Trident Steering Walker Based on Chained Form." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 4 (August 20, 2009): 541–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0541.
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This paper introduces and describes a new type of undulatory wheeled locomotor, which we refer to as a “trident steering walker.” The wheeled locomotor is a nonholonomic mechanical system, which consists of an equilateral triangular base, three joints, three links and four steering systems. The equilateral triangular base has a steering system at its center of mass. At each apex of the base is a joint which connects the base and a link. The link has a steering system at its midpoint. The wheeled locomotor transforms driving the three joints into its movement by operating the four steering systems. This means that the wheeled locomotor achieves undulatory locomotion in which changes in its own shape are transformed into its net displacement. We assume that there is a virtual joint at the end of the first link. The virtual joint connects the first link and a virtual link which has a virtual axle at its midpoint and a virtual steering system at its end. We prove that, by assuming the presence of such virtual mechanical elements, it is possible to convert the kinematical equation of the trident steering walker into five-chain, single-generator chained form in a mathematical framework, differential geometry. Based on chained form, we derive a path following feedback control method which causes the trident steering walker to follow a straight path. We also define a performance index of propulsion of the trident steering walker to design its control parameters. The validity of the mechanical design of the trident steering walker, the conversion of its kinematical equation into chained form, the straight path following feedback control method, and the design of the control parameters reflecting the performance index of propulsion has been verified by computer simulations.
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Bartoszek, Krzysztof, Wojciech Bartoszek, and Michał Krzemiński. "Simple SIR models with Markovian control." Japanese Journal of Statistics and Data Science 4, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 731–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42081-021-00107-1.
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AbstractWe consider a random dynamical system, where the deterministic dynamics are driven by a finite-state space Markov chain. We provide a comprehensive introduction to the required mathematical apparatus and then turn to a special focus on the susceptible-infected-recovered epidemiological model with random steering. Through simulations we visualize the behaviour of the system and the effect of the high-frequency limit of the driving Markov chain. We formulate some questions and conjectures of a purely theoretical nature.
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Honda, Kazuhiro, Taiki Fukushima, and Koichi Ogawa. "Full-Azimuth Beam Steering MIMO Antenna Arranged in a Daisy Chain Array Structure." Micromachines 11, no. 9 (September 19, 2020): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11090871.
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This paper presents a multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system with the ability to perform full-azimuth beam steering, and with the aim of realizing greater than 20 Gbps vehicular communications. The MIMO antenna described in this paper comprises 64 elements arranged in a daisy chain array structure, where 32 subarrays are formed by pairing elements in each subarray; the antenna yields 32 independent subchannels for MIMO transmission, and covers all communication targets regardless of their position relative to the array. Analytical results reveal that the proposed antenna system can provide a channel capacity of more than 200 bits/s/Hz at a signal-to-noise power ratio (SNR) of 30 dB over the whole azimuth, which is equivalent to 20 Gbps for a bandwidth of 100 MHz. This remarkably high channel capacity is shown to be due to two significant factors; the improved directivity created by the optimum in-phase excitation and the low correlation between the subarrays due to the orthogonal alignment of the array with respect to the incident waves. Over-the-air (OTA) experiments confirm the increase in channel capacity; the proposed antenna can maintain a constant transmission rate over all azimuth angles.
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Xiu, Wenqun, Shuying Wang, Wenguang Qi, Xue Li, and Chisheng Wang. "Disaster Chain Analysis of Landfill Landslide: Scenario Simulation and Chain-Cutting Modeling." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 5032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095032.
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Landfill landslide is a man-made event that occurs when poorly managed garbage mounds at landfills collapse. It has become common in recent decades due to the rising waste volumes in cities. Normally, it is a complex process involving many disaster-causing factors and composed by many sequential sub-events. However, most current studies treat the landslide as a single and independent event and cannot give a full picture of the disaster. We propose a disaster chain analysis framework for landfill landslide in terms of scenario simulation and chain-cutting modeling. Each stage of the landfill landslide is modeled by taking advantage of various advanced techniques, e.g., remote sensing, 3DGIS, non-Newtonian fluid model, central finite difference scheme, and agent-base steering model. The 2015 Shenzhen “1220” landslide was firstly reviewed to summarize the general disaster chain model for landfill landslide. Guided by this model, we then proposed the specific steps for landfill landslide disaster chain analysis and applied them to another undergoing landfill, i.e., Xinwuwei landfill in Shenzhen, China. The scenario simulation in this landfill provides suggestions on potential hazardous risks and some applicable treatments. Through chain-cutting modeling, we further validated the effectiveness and feasibility of these treatments. The most optimized solution is subsequently deduced, which can provide support for disaster prevention and mitigation for this landfill.
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Fu, Lei Jie, and Ping Yu Jiang. "A Project-Driven E-Design System for Product Development Process Modeling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 101-102 (September 2011): 610–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.101-102.610.
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Product development process modeling (PDPM) is one of the key techniques for product development (PD). The main aim of PDPM is to provide a product design chain (PDC) for PD. To increase the efficiency of PDPM, a project-driven e-design system is proposed in this paper. There are two modules in the system: task decomposition and product design chain construction. Additionally, key techniques for enabling the system are discussed. Finally, an example of steering oil pump design project is studied to demonstrate the system.
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Krug, Claudio K., Qitang Fan, Florian Fillsack, Johannes Glowatzki, Nicole Trebel, Lukas J. Heuplick, Tabea Koehler, and J. Michael Gottfried. "Organometallic ring vs. chain formation beyond kinetic control: steering their equilibrium in two-dimensional confinement." Chemical Communications 54, no. 70 (2018): 9741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc05357j.
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Moodley, Sagren. "Steering in uncertain territory: E-Business, globalisation and the South African automotive components industry." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2002): 123–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v5i1.2668.
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Significant and sustainable growth of the South African automotive components industry is contingent upon its ability to compete in a global, e-business-enabled operating environment. The key challenge facing the South African automotive component industry today is one of connectedness to global trade networks, the generation of export volumes and industrial upgrading in global-scale value chains. The domestic components industry will need to leverage e-business for supply chain management and to take part in global trade networks, thus making it urgent for firms to develop IT capabilities. By not making the transition to e-business, component firms may be placing themselves at risk of becoming less competitive in the globally interconnected market, impacting on both their current market positions and long-term viability. If this were to happen, it would have adverse development implications for the country, such as job losses, a decline in revenue growth and an eroded export base.
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Kogler, Christoph, Sophie Schimpfhuber, Clemens Eichberger, and Peter Rauch. "Benchmarking Procurement Cost Saving Strategies for Wood Supply Chains." Forests 12, no. 8 (August 13, 2021): 1086. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12081086.
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Intense international competition pushes the actors of wood supply chains to implement efficient wood supply chain management incorporating coordinated cost-saving strategies to remain competitive. In order to observe the effects of individual and coordinated decision making, mixed-integer programming models for forestry, round-wood transport, and the wood-based industry were developed and integrated. The models deal with operational planning issues regarding production, harvest, and transport and are solved sequentially for individual cost optimization of each wood supply chain actor as well as simultaneously by a combined model representing joint cost optimization in an integrated wood supply chain. This allows for the first time, benchmarking relative cost-saving potential of the wood procurement strategies coordinated transports, integrated supply chains, satellite stockyards, and higher truck payloads within a single case study setting. Based on case study data from southern Austria, results show the advantages of an integrated supply chain with a cost-saving potential of up to 24%. Higher truck payloads reinforce this potential and enable up to 40% savings compared to the predominant wood procurement situation in Central Europe. Wood supply chain integration for Central European circumstances seems to be feasible only for a limited consortium of a few companies, for example when restricted to a wood-buying syndicate supplying several industry plants or a few large forest enterprises, especially as both groups are commonly steering wood transport on their own. Consequently, further research on the challenging task of implementing integrated supply chains using the opportunities of digitalization to realize existing cost savings potential by deepening cooperation and intensifying information exchange is needed.
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Dirtu, Marinela M., Christine Neuhausen, Anil D. Naik, Alexandre Léonard, Francois Robert, Jacqueline Marchand-Brynaert, Bao-Lian Su, and Yann Garcia. "Superlative Scaffold of 1,2,4-Triazole Derivative of Glycine Steering Linear Chain to a Chiral Helicate." Crystal Growth & Design 11, no. 4 (April 6, 2011): 1375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cg101634w.
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Yamaguchi, Hiroaki. "Control of a Two-Joint, Two-Steering Snake-Like Robot." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 1 (February 20, 2009): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0066.
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This paper introduces and describes a new type of snake-like robot, a two-joint, two-steering snake-like robot, and its control method. We first present a mechanical design of this snake-like robot that is inspired by a mathematical perspective on conversion of its kinematical equation into three-chain, single-generator chained form in a mathematical framework, differential geometry. Especially, we assume a virtual steering system at the head of the first link of the snake-like robot, which makes the conversion possible. We secondly present a path following feedback control method based on chained form that enables the first link to follow straight paths at a constant velocity. Of course, it is also possible for the first link to have any desired position and orientation by combining some followings of straight paths under this feedback control method. Validity of the mechanical design of the snake-like robot, the conversion of its kinematical equation, and its control method is verified by computer simulations. This paper is the full translation from the transactions of JSME Vol.71, No.706.
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Donovan, Jason, Steven Franzel, Marcelo Cunha, Amos Gyau, and Dagmar Mithöfer. "Guides for value chain development: a comparative review." Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 5, no. 1 (May 18, 2015): 2–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-07-2013-0025.
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Purpose – In recent years, governments, donors, and NGOs have increasingly embraced value chain development (VCD) for stimulating economic growth and combating rural poverty. In line with the rise in interest, there has been a proliferation of guides for VCD. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a review of 11 guides for value chain along six different dimensions, ranging from objectives and value chain definitions to monitoring impact. The paper concludes with suggestions for the use of guides based on local needs and context, and recommendations for future guide development. Design/methodology/approach – The review compares the concepts and methods endorsed and it assesses the strengths and limitations of the guides for steering development practice. Findings – Overall, the guides provide a useful framework for understanding markets and engaging with chain stakeholders, with a strong emphasis on strengthening institutions and achieving sustainability of interventions. However, the guides often lack discussions on the conditions necessary at different levels for VCD to advance development objectives and achieve that sustainability. The guides are designed to be implemented largely independently of the specific context, in which the chain is situated, despite the major implications context has for the design of interventions and overall success of the chain. Attention to mutual learning, whether related to tool design or the outcomes and impacts of VCD interventions, is limited. Research limitations/implications – More critical reflection and debate is needed on the design of guides for VCD. The authors suggest three areas for this reflection and debate: concepts, methods, and tools for addressing the needs of the poor in value chains; tools for addressing variations in the context; and mechanisms for mutual learning on the design and implementation of VCD. Originality/value – The paper concludes with various recommendations for guide authors and donors that support VCD.
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Jermsittiparsert, Kittisak, and Wiroj Srihirun. "ROLE OF ETHICS IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: CULTURE AS MODERATOR." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 3 (August 25, 2019): 736–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.73105.
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Purpose: The present study focuses on the role of ethics in the supply chain management. In addition to that the moderating role of culture is also examined. Organizational culture has been regarded as an important determinant of ethical behaviours of managers. This paper assesses the potential of organizational culture to impact ethics in organizations.
Methodology: Organizational culture is recognized as one determinant of how people behave, more or less ethically, in organizations.
Results: The research outcome will enable organizations with SCM functions to understand better the role that ethics can play in steering the organization to greater heights. The research will also assist professional associations in the approach of guiding, training and counselling its members on issues related to ethics. The results of the current study are providing support to the proposed hypothesis. The results are obtained through smart PLS. In the author's knowledge this is among pioneering studies on this issue.
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Raes, Sanne M. T., Ludovic Jourdin, Cees J. N. Buisman, and David P. B. T. B. Strik. "Bioelectrochemical Chain Elongation of Short‐Chain Fatty Acids Creates Steering Opportunities for Selective Formation of n‐ Butyrate, n‐ Valerate or n‐ Caproate." ChemistrySelect 5, no. 29 (August 4, 2020): 9127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/slct.202002001.
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Wu, Jianxu, Yanan Yao, Qiang Ruan, and Xiaoping Liu. "Design and optimization of a dual quadruped vehicle based on whole close-chain mechanism." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 19 (May 12, 2016): 3601–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406216650473.
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A new “whole close-chain mechanism” concept is proposed for the design of the modular legged unit of walking vehicles. Based on this concept, the walking vehicle called dual quadruped vehicle is developed and constructed. The vehicle designed as an omnidirectional carrying platform contains two identical single-driven quadruped mechanisms. The details of the design procedure are given, including the single close-chain legged mechanism, the modular legged unit, and the dual quadruped vehicle. The construction description of the single leg is presented. With the optimum design of the whole close-chain legged mechanism, the two foot-point characteristic trajectories are investigated. Based on the strategies of the legged module integration, the best phase configuration in pitching movement and the steering analysis are discussed and illustrated. Dynamic simulations and experiments are performed to verify the validity of the theoretical analysis of the new concept and the maneuverability of the vehicle prototype.
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Mason, Daniel R., and Adrian P. Sutton. "Computational steering in Monte Carlo simulations of thin film polystyrene." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1833 (August 5, 2005): 1961–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2005.1622.
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High molecular weight polymer systems show very long relaxation times, of the order of milliseconds or more. This time-scale proves practically inaccessible for atomic-scale dynamical simulation such as molecular dynamics. Even with a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, the generation of statistically independent configurations is non-trivial. Many moves have been proposed to enhance the efficiency of MC simulation of polymers. Each is described by a proposal density ( x ′; x ): the probability of selecting the trial state x ′ given that the system is in the current state x . This proposal density must be parametrized for a particular chain length, chemistry and temperature. Choosing the correct set of parameters can greatly increase the rate at which the system explores its configuration space. Computational steering (CS) provides a new methodology for a systematic search to optimize the proposal densities for individual moves, and to combine groups of moves to greatly improve the equilibration of a model polymer system. We show that monitoring the correlation time of the system is an ideal single parameter for characterizing the efficiency of a proposal density function, and that this is best evaluated by a distributed network of replicas of the system, with the operator making decisions based on the averages generated over these replicas. We have developed an MC code for simulating an anisotropic atomistic bead model which implements the CS paradigm. We report simulations of thin film polystyrene.
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Soni, Abhishek, Ataurrahman Ansari, Paritosh Gahlod, Saransh Tiwari, Kshitiz Dohare, and Jeetesh Damahe. "Design and Analysis of 360 Degree Turning Vehicle." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJOSCIENCE 4, no. 4 (April 20, 2018): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijoscience.v4i4.131.
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The design and manufacture of a 360-degree DC motor and a steering wheel vehicle are designed to reduce the rotation time from one direction to the other. This vehicle can be moved in all directions in the same position by the steering, the pinion, the DC motor, the bearings and the chain drive. The main function of this vehicle is to move easily from one direction to another. The modern development and economic progress of the Indian society have led to an increase of people on the platform, the increase of the vehicle on the road, due to the lack of space, in the hospital is a big problem in the country. The purpose of this study is the development of a system to reduce the radius of the vehicle. In this system, the first vehicle stops and the wheels are turned in the required direction through the driving system and the DC motor. It has a turning radius equal to almost the length of the vehicle itself. This vehicle was used to transport goods in various areas, such as the platform, hospital, industry and market.
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Liu, Yi, Hong-qi Zhang, Jiang Liu, and Ying-jie Yang. "A New Approach for Delivering Customized Security Everywhere: Security Service Chain." Security and Communication Networks 2017 (2017): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9534754.
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Security functions are usually deployed on proprietary hardware, which makes the delivery of security service inflexible and of high cost. Emerging technologies such as software-defined networking and network function virtualization go in the direction of executing functions as software components in virtual machines or containers provisioned in standard hardware resources. They enable network to provide customized security service by deploying Security Service Chain (SSC), which refers to steering flow through multiple security functions in a particular order specified by individual user or application. However, SSC Deployment Problem (SSC-DP) needs to be solved. It is a challenging problem for various reasons, such as the heterogeneity of instances in terms of service capacity and resource demand. In this paper, we propose an SSC-based approach to deliver security service to users without worrying about physical locations of security functions. For SSC-DP, we present a three-phase method to solve it while optimizing network and security resource allocation. The presented method allows network to serve a large number of flows and minimizes the latency seen by flows. Comparative experiments on the fat-tree and Waxman topologies show that our method performs better than other heuristics under a wide range of network conditions.
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Sadownik, Alicja R., Yvonne Bakken, Josephine Gabi, Adrijana Višnjić-Jevtić, and Jennifer Koutoulas. "Unfreezing the Discursive Hegemonies Underpinning Current Versions of “Social Sustainability” in ECE Policies in Anglo–Celtic, Nordic and Continental Contexts." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 23, 2021): 4758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094758.
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Social sustainability is linked to finding new ways of living together and strengthening social capital and participation, as well as to social justice and equity in societies, and it is becoming increasingly important for diverse multicultural societies. In this article, we trace understandings of social sustainability as established in Early Childhood Education (ECE) policy documents by following the chains of meaning connected to sense of belonging, local place and cultural diversity and through ECE collaboration with children’s parents/caregivers. Critical discourse analysis has been applied to trace the chains of meaning attached to these concepts in ECE steering documents in Australia, Croatia, Denmark, Norway, Poland, Serbia, Slovenia, Sweden and the UK (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland). Such analysis shows different ways in which the ECE polices indirectly work with social sustainability, as well as create critical distance from the sets of meanings established in each country (by proving a chain of meaning established in the policy documents of another country). In conclusion, we do not advocate in favour of any of the chains of meaning but argue for continual reflection and reflexivity, and we see research to be a particularly significant arena in which to unfreeze the taken for granted and sustainable notion.
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Lussier, Jean-Martin. "Changing our mental model from growing volume to producing value: The case of uneven-aged hardwood management." Forestry Chronicle 85, no. 3 (June 1, 2009): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc85382-3.
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The selection system is a common management system in uneven-aged tolerant hardwoods stands in Crown forests of eastern Canada. This silvicultural system aims to produce a sustained yield of products and services at the stand level, using frequent partial cuttings that harvest the mature and valuable portion of the forest, while tending the rest of the stand to increase its productivity and value for future cuttings. Current practices involve the use of empirical partial cutting guides to decide the number of trees to both harvest and maintain at each cutting cycle, typically to maximize longterm sawlog and veneer production. This paper demonstrates that by replacing this objective function with the maximization of the net value of the harvest for the whole value chain by using a simple mathematical optimization model, forest management can be greatly improved in terms of profitability. Nevertheless, further developments are needed for improving forest management optimization models in order to better balance short-term profitability and long-term ecological, economic and societal objectives. Key words: Selection system, hardwoods, uneven-aged silviculture, optimization, economic, value chain, profitability, steering treatment
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Geonea, Ionut, Alina Elena Romanescu, Laurentiu Racila, and Ilie Dumitru. "Design of a Wheelchair Intended to Humans with Locomotors Disabilities." Applied Mechanics and Materials 822 (January 2016): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.822.293.
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The purpose of this research is to develop a motorized wheelchair, to meet the special requirements of indoor use. A wheelchair prototype is developed, which uses two motors, controlled by a PWM controller. The PWM controller is based on a L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Controller module with an Arduino board. The prototype has the ability to perform forward/backward motion and steering. These functions are controlled by a joystick mechanism, operated by disabled human. As a drive train from motors to wheels are used chain transmissions. Drive trains convert high motor speed to lower speeds but with increased torque. The proposed design solution allows wheelchair folding for transportation. Experimental tests carried out gives us a kinematic and dynamic characterization of the wheelchair.
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Peeters, Gerben, Muhammad Raheel Afzal, Maarten Vanierschot, René Boonen, and Peter Slaets. "Model Structures and Identification for Fully Embedded Thrusters: 360-Degrees-Steerable Steering-Grid and Four-Channel Thrusters." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 3 (March 20, 2020): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8030220.
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The European Watertruck + project introduced a new fleet of self-propelled inland cargo barges to the European waters, in order to induce more sustainable freight transport in the European hinterland. An augmentation of the automation level of this fleet could further advance their competitiveness and potentially pave the way for unmanned inland cargo vessels. The motion control of such a vessel forms a key component in this envisaged automation chain and benefits from the knowledge of the capabilities of the propulsion system, which here envelops a 360-degrees-steerable steering-grid thruster in conjunction with a 360-degrees-steerable four-channel thruster. Therefore, this study details the mechanical design of both thrusters and lists their experimental towing-tank data. Furthermore, two different modelling methods are offered, one theoretically based and one using a multilayer neural network. A model structure comparison, based on a bias-variance trade-off, verifies the adequacy of the theoretical model which got expended with an angle-dependent thrust deduction coefficient. In addition, several multilayer feedforward neural network architectures exemplify their inherent capability to model the complex, nonlinear, flow phenomena inside the thrusters. These identified model structures can additionally improve thrust allocation algorithms and offer better plant models to study more advanced control strategies.
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Niemi, Eetu, and Samuli Pekkola. "The Benefits of Enterprise Architecture in Organizational Transformation." Business & Information Systems Engineering 62, no. 6 (June 19, 2019): 585–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12599-019-00605-3.
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AbstractToday, as organizations constantly adjust their activities to meet ever-changing circumstances, continuous business transformation is taking place. However, planning and steering this transformation can be a daunting task as complexity has been built into the organization over the years. Enterprise Architecture (EA) has been widely adapted as a planning and governance approach to manage the complexity and constant change, and to align the organization toward a common goal. This article studies the EA benefit-realization process by clarifying how EA benefits are realized. Specifically, the focus is on the strategies, resources, and practices which the EA benefits stem from. The findings, derived from an in-depth case study, show that the EA benefit-realization process constitutes a long, intertwined chain of activities. Organizations benefit from EA through various means: from the initiation, when comprehensive understanding starts to form, until years later, when measurable outcomes such as cost savings materialize. Suggestions on what to incorporate into EA programs are presented.
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YAMAGUCHI, Hiroaki, and Tamio ARAI. "A Conversion of a Cooperative Transportation System with Two Car-Like Mobile Robots into Two-Chain, Single-Generator Chained Form and Its Steering." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 69, no. 686 (2003): 2751–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.69.2751.
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Jourdin, Ludovic, Marijn Winkelhorst, Brian Rawls, Cees J. N. Buisman, and David P. B. T. B. Strik. "Enhanced selectivity to butyrate and caproate above acetate in continuous bioelectrochemical chain elongation from CO2: Steering with CO2 loading rate and hydraulic retention time." Bioresource Technology Reports 7 (September 2019): 100284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100284.
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Sproston, Darren. "SERIAL STRUCTURES IN ROBERTO GERHARD'S FIRST AND SECOND SYMPHONIES." Tempo 63, no. 248 (April 2009): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298209000138.
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Roberto Gerhard described the problem of structure in the following manner:My favourite simile is the experience of flying. Imagine yourself sitting next to the pilot of a glider aircraft. Your first problem is that of getting airborne. So it is, metaphorically speaking, with musical form. Your second problem is to keep airborne, how to take advantage of every condition that may confront you in the air, currents, countercurrents, air pockets and so forth; how to navigate your craft and set a course. Your third problem, when in sight of your destination, is (naturally) how to come down.Believe me the hazards of the take off and the landing are conspicuous in musical form too. If you have been watching your pilot all the time, you will have realised how his skill, his reflexes, his compass-readings, his judgement of hazards and chance happenings combine instant by instant and result in choice, in doing this rather than that. In short you have been witnessing an activity which consists of a chain of decisions taken in full course of the operation. That, I submit, applies exactly to musical form. A chain of decisions, subserving an overall design and steering a course of action. Naturally they ought to be the right decisions every time, or things may go wrong. If you have to bale out or crash land the thing is not considered to be quite as successful.
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Wright, Susan, and Jakob Williams Ørberg. "Autonomy and control: Danish university reform in the context of modern governance." Learning and Teaching 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2008): 27–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/175522708783113550.
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In 2003 the Danish government reformed universities to 'set them free' from the state. Yet ministers are actively trying to shape universities and even set research agendas. How does the government's notion of 'freedom' reconcile independence with control? We identify three discourses of freedom: freedom to use academic judgement over what to research, teach, publish and say publicly; a free trade discourse where universities are free to pursue profit; and a modernising state discourse where government steers universities to contribute to the knowledge economy. Danish universities were reformed as part of the modernisation of the welfare state. We explore the assemblage of administrative and funding mechanisms through which the government now steers independent organisations: a chain of contracts for outsourced services, newly appointed managers, output payments and accrual accounting. While responsibility for achieving government policy is passed downwards through the independent organisation, formal lines of accountability run back up to the government. University leaders and academics are set free to manoeuvre within the system, but their economic survival is firmly dependent on responsiveness to centralised steering mechanisms
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Ledin, Per, and David Machin. "Management discourse in university administrative documents in Sweden." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 26, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 653–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.26.4.06led.
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Studies in CDA have revealed the nature of the marketized language that now infuses universities and other public institutions, but there is no comprehensive study as to how this language enters the everyday practices of the university through different levels of steering documents and meetings. In this paper, taking one example from a corpus of data from a larger project on New Public Management in Sweden, we show how successively more detailed documents are created by professional administrators in order to present vision statements, that are first operationalized into strategies and then into more concrete ‘activities’ for the subject level that are related to bundles of performance indicators. These documents re-contextualize practices of teaching and research in line with marketized goals, yet do so through consistent lack of clear agency, causality and process. A number of linguistic and multimodal resources are deployed in a chain of interrelated documents legitimizing this process as one made by careful, technical, management expertise, although the result is a fragmentation of the actual interconnected processes that comprise university work.
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Marienka, Peter, Marcel Frančák, and Juraj Jagelčák. "Evaluation of Bulk Cargo Dynamics in the ACTS Intermodal Container." Naše more 68, no. 1 (February 2021): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17818/nm/2021/1.2.
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To ensure safety during transport within the intermodal chain, it is important to identify possible dynamic events that could affect the cargo. In the case of bulk cargo in an ACTS (Abroll-Container-Transport-System) container, the dynamics of the cargo and the vehicle vary during normal events such as braking, steering, evasive maneuver and the like. In this research, we used MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) sensors to identify the parameters of acceleration at various points of container and to evaluate its impact on the cargo and vehicle. During the research, we also found out how the load of individual axles of the vehicle changed after performing normal dynamic events. One of the objectives was also to find out how parameters such as braking distance, braking time and mean fully developed deceleration (MFDD) change in the case of and empty and loaded ACTS container, as well as correlation analysis of values gathered from sensors placed on different parts of the container. The acquired knowledge can be used in the distribution and securing the cargo.
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Singh, Nathan, Noelle V. Frey, Boris Engels, David M. Barrett, Olga Shestova, Pranali Ravikumar, Amy Shyu, et al. "Single Chain Variable Fragment Linker Length Regulates CAR Biology and T Cell Efficacy." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (November 13, 2019): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131024.
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We recently conducted a clinical trial of CD22-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in children and adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). While we did observe some transient responses, overall outcomes were inferior to another recent trial of CD22 CAR T cells in ALL performed at the NCI (Fry, T.J. et al. Nat Med, 2018). Intriguingly, these trials used a CAR that employed the same antigen-binding and intracellular signaling domains, and differed only in the length of linker connecting the variable regions of the single chain variable fragment (scFv). Based on these clinical observations, we sought to identify how the scFv linker impacts CAR biology and regulates CAR-driven T cell activity. The University of Pennsylvania's CD22 CAR contained a long 20 amino acid scFv linker ("CAR22-L") while the NCI's CAR had a 5 amino acid linker ("CAR22-S"). We began by investigating the impact of linker length on CAR biochemistry. Both CAR22-L and CAR22-S had similar antigen-binding affinities (KD of 1.67nM and 6.05nM, respectively). Chromatography revealed that CAR22-L remained monomeric in solution while CAR22-S formed homodimers. To explore how dimerization influenced surface-membrane biology, we developed GFP-tagged versions of each CAR and performed confocal microscopy on CAR+ T cells. CAR22-L exhibited homogenous surface membrane expression, while CAR22-S appeared to self-aggregate and cluster (Fig. 1a). We investigated the impact of this clustering on receptor signaling and found that CAR22-S demonstrated high levels of signaling molecule activation (i.e. Akt, p70-S6 and STAT3) in the absence of antigen engagement. This is consistent with previous reports establishing that CAR clustering can lead to tonic signaling (Long, A.H. et al. Nat Med, 2015). Importantly, this tonic signaling did not lead to autonomous T cell proliferation. We proceeded to evaluate how clustering and tonic signaling impacted CAR function upon antigen engagement. Microscopic evaluation of CAR T cells combined with CD22+ Nalm6 cells revealed greater actin and microtubule organizing complex polarization (P = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively) in CAR22-S cells, consistent with superior immune synapse formation. This was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of PI3K, MAPK and calcium signaling proteins (Fig. 1b) after CAR engagement. RNA sequencing revealed significantly greater activation of immune response gene programs in CAR22-S cells as compared to CAR22-L after overnight exposure to Nalm6. We next investigated the impact that this enhanced receptor-driven activity had on CAR T cell anti-tumor function. CAR T cells were combined with Nalm6 in vitro and residual Nalm6 was serially quantified, revealing that CAR22-S mediated greater tumor control than CAR22-L, particularly at later time periods (P < 0.001). This was associated with greater secretion of IFNg, IL-2 and TNFa (all P < 0.001). Finally, we compared anti-tumor efficacy in xenograft models of systemic Nalm6. NOD/SCID/cg-/- mice were engrafted with Nalm6 and received 1x106 CAR T cells 7 days later. CAR22-S demonstrated greater in vivo expansion (P < 0.0001) and enhanced control of systemic disease (Fig. 1c,P = 0.017), resulting in prolongation of animal survival (Fig. 1d,P = 0.013). Based on these observations, we have designed a novel, affinity-enhanced CD22 CAR and confirmed that shorter linker length improves anti-tumor activity of this CAR. T cells expressing this CAR are currently undergoing evaluation in a phase I clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.org Identifiers NCT03620058 and NCT02650414). Thus far, 4 children and 2 adults have been infused with manageable toxicity. Early outcomes are promising, with 67% achieving complete remission at day 28, compared to 50% in our original CART22 trials. In summary, by investigating the potential mechanisms for an apparent discrepancy in outcomes between two different clinical trials, we demonstrate that reducing the length of the scFv linker results in significant changes to CAR biochemistry that directly lead to antigen-independent receptor activity. In contrast to previously published data demonstrating that tonic signaling of CD28-costimulated CARs is detrimental to T cell function (Long, A.H. et al. Nat Med, 2015), we found that tonic signaling of 4-1BB-costimulated CARs may be beneficial, possibly by priming T cells for rapid response to antigen. Disclosures Singh: University of Pennsylvania: Patents & Royalties. Frey:Novartis: Research Funding. Engels:Novartis: Employment. Zhao:Novartis: Employment. Peng:Novartis: Employment. Granda:Novartis: Employment. Ramones:Novartis: Employment. Lacey:Novartis: Research Funding; Novartis: Patents & Royalties: Patents related to CAR T cell biomarkers; Tmunity: Research Funding. Young:novartis: Research Funding. Brogdon:Novartis: Employment. Grupp:Roche: Consultancy; GSK: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; Humanigen: Consultancy; CBMG: Consultancy; Novartis: Research Funding; Kite: Research Funding; Servier: Research Funding; Jazz: Other: study steering committees or scientific advisory boards; Adaptimmune: Other: study steering committees or scientific advisory boards; Cure Genetics: Consultancy. June:Novartis: Research Funding; Tmunity: Other: scientific founder, for which he has founders stock but no income, Patents & Royalties. Maude:Novartis: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy. Gill:Novartis: Research Funding; Tmunity Therapeutics: Research Funding; Carisma Therapeutics: Research Funding; Amphivena: Consultancy; Aro: Consultancy; Intellia: Consultancy; Sensei Bio: Consultancy; Carisma Therapeutics: Equity Ownership. Ruella:AbClon: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Nanostring: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Patents & Royalties: CART for cancer.
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LeBaron, Genevieve, and Andreas Rühmkorf. "Steering CSR Through Home State Regulation: A Comparison of the Impact of the UK Bribery Act and Modern Slavery Act on Global Supply Chain Governance." Global Policy 8 (May 2017): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1758-5899.12398.
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Feyissa, Tesfaye Tolu, R. Raghavendra Kumar Sharma, and Kuei-Kuei Lai. "The impact of the core company’s strategy on the dimensions of supply chain integration." International Journal of Logistics Management 30, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 231–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-03-2017-0080.
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PurposeNowadays, supply chain integration (SCI) is considered as an enabler of competitive firm performance. It has three important dimensions: internal, supplier and customer integration. Understanding the interaction between these dimensions and organisational strategy would pave the way for effective implementation of SCI. The famous Mileset al. (1978) strategy typology classifies firms into four strategy types: defenders, prospectors, analysers and reactors. The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of the core company’s product-market innovation strategy on the dimensions of SCI, and to investigate the comparative strength of each dimension of SCI in defenders and prospectors.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data were collected through an online survey of 112 firms in 24 countries across Africa, Asia, Europe and North America. Direct and mediated relationships were assessed by conducting structural equation modelling on the dimensions of SCI and product-market innovation strategy variables. Cluster analysis was conducted on organisational strategy variables to group the firms into different strategy types. Next, a one-way analysis of variance was applied to assess the impact of organisational strategy on each dimension of the SCI. Finally, apost hocanalysis was conducted to compare the strength of each dimension of the SCI against the different strategy types.FindingsThe results indicate that internal integration (II) mediates the positive effects of the core company’s product-market innovation strategy on supplier and customer integration. Furthermore, the results indicate that prospectors have stronger internal, supplier and customer integration as compared to defenders.Research limitations/implicationsThis study had two main limitations. One limitation is the lack of consideration of possible differences in the strengths of the investigated relationships across different geographical locations and cultures. The second limitation is the inability of the cross-sectional research design to capture the dynamics in the process of adopting SCI and organisational strategy.Practical implicationsThe present study highlights to executives the need for understanding the implications of specific strategies on the SC linkages and relationships that are required to implement those strategies. Thus, it could serve as a preliminary clue in decision-making for establishing integrated SC that is compatible with the organisational strategy. Furthermore, it could serve as a guidance to managers in steering their firms in the organisational adaptive cycle, by indicating that the implementation of product-market innovation strategy requires adopting strong SCI, and by highlighting the importance of adopting II prior to external integration.Originality/valueThis paper tests relationships that explain how the core company’s strategy influences each dimension of SCI.
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Xu, Fei, Hui Yu, Cai Lu, Jun Chen, and Wei Gu. "The Cholesterol-Lowering Effect of Alisol Acetates Based on HMG-CoA Reductase and Its Molecular Mechanism." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2016 (2016): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4753852.
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This study measured the impact of alisol B 23-acetate and alisol A 24-acetate, the main active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine Alismatis rhizoma, on total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of hyperlipidemic mice. The binding of alisol B 23-acetate and alisol A 24-acetate to the key enzyme involved in the metabolism of TC, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutary-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, was studied using the reagent kit method and the western blotting technique combined with a molecular simulation technique. According to the results, alisol acetates significantly lower the TC, TG, and LDL-C concentrations of hyperlipidemic mice, while raising HDL-C concentrations. Alisol acetates lower HMG-CoA reductase activity in a dose-dependent fashion, both in vivo and in vitro. Neither of these alisol acetates significantly lower the protein expression of HMG-CoA. This suggests that alisol acetates lower the TC level via inhibiting the activity of HMG-CoA reductase by its prototype drug, which may exhibit an inhibition effect via directly and competitively binding to HMG-CoA. The side chain of the alisol acetate was the steering group via molecular simulation.
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Zweiri, Y. H., L. D. Seneviratne, and K. Althoefer. "Modelling and control of an unmanned excavator vehicle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 217, no. 4 (June 1, 2003): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095965180321700402.
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This paper investigates the modelling and control of a full-scale excavator vehicle. A detailed analytical model for an unmanned excavator vehicle is developed. The model takes into account the kinematics and dynamics of the mobile platform (vehicle) and the excavation arm (links and hydraulic system). The model describes the dynamic relationship between the operator input commands (fuelling and joystick commands to excavation arm and steering lever) and the trajectories and forces of the excavator vehicle. The dynamic model of the excavation arm system is validated against measured data. The validation of the model is conducted in collaboration with QinetiQ Limited (the new science and technology company formed from the major part of DERA, the British Government's defence research and development organization). A unified model is important for design of control strategies, since in order to move the bucket of a mobile excavator, movements of the entire vehicle are required. A key requirement for automating the excavation task is automated trajectory tracking, and a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for trajectory tracking is developed and tested. It is noted that even though the results presented in this paper are focused on a particular excavator, the research is generic and can be adapted to any tracked ground vehicle with an on-board closed-chain manipulator.
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Bailly, David, Markus Bambach, Gerhard Hirt, Thorsten Pofahl, Giovanni Della Puppa, and Martin Trautz. "Flexible Manufacturing of Double-Curved Sheet Metal Panels for the Realization of Self-Supporting Freeform Structures." Key Engineering Materials 639 (March 2015): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.639.41.
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Product development is complex due to the manifold requirements resulting from various perspectives, such as design, production, safety and sales. A concurrent engineering (CE) approach permits to respect all perspectives in the early development stage. However, in the architecture and construction sector for example, CE is particularly difficult to realize, because the central steering for this collaboration process is missing. Thus, the application of CE in the research sector can promote technical progress and cost reduction. In the specific field of freeform architecture, in most cases an individual shape of single components is unavoidable and the use of standard components impossible. Due to missing universal and mature construction concepts for freeform buildings, they are mostly realized with customized solutions often including material-consuming substructures, while the visible skin has only limited structural and functional properties.In this context the present paper proposes a novel universal panel system made of double-curved sheet metal layers enabling the assembly of self-supporting lightweight structures for the realization of freeform surfaces. The panel system has been developed in cooperation of architects, construction and production engineers, successfully applying an interdisciplinary CE approach. As a result, the concept allows for material and cost efficient solutions applicable for a wide range of freeform applications. The detailed development of the panel system is still in progress.Besides the general panel concept, the paper presents in particular the corresponding manufacturing chain and the tooling concept. Accounting for the varying part geometries in this application a flexible manufacturing chain based on the combination of stretch forming and incremental sheet forming has been developed. The entire production process is implemented in a single machine setup and successfully tested on a small-scale prototype.
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Chen, Yuan, Liang Tang, Lingyun Han, and Han Xu. "Conceptual Design, Kinematics and Dynamics of Vector Thruster for Underwater Vehicle Based on Screw Theory." Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 1 (February 12, 2020): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212797613666191230121122.
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Background: The vector propulsion device can significantly improve the sensitivity and mobility of the mechanism. Furthermore, thrust vectoring technology with single manipulator and multidimensional attitude is a novel thrust vectoring technique in industry, especially in aviation fields. Numerous progresses made by various research groups and the newest patents in these aspects will be cited in this paper. Objective: To apply the thrust vectoring technology to Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), a spherical parallel vectored thruster with three Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) was proposed based on vector deflection constrained screw method. Methods: Firstly, in the framework of screw theory, the topological structure of the spherical parallel mechanism was modeled to analyze the motion characteristics. Secondly, in terms of closed chain constraint equations, the vectored algebra method was employed to derive the Jacobian matrix of the mechanism. Thirdly, the decoupling structure configuration method was adopted to establish the analytical model of velocity and acceleration. Finally, the dynamic model was established by means of virtual work principle. Results: The forward and inverse solutions of the mechanism was calculated; the Jacobian matrix of the mechanism was derived; the kinematic characters including singularity and dexterity were analyzed; the performance analysis was carried out. Conclusion: This new type of underwater vehicle oriented power plant, which is characterized by simple decoupling structure, strong steering capability, and high cost-efficiency, has broad prospects in the field of AUV.
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Qu, Jiadi, Fuhai Zhang, Yili Fu, Guozhi Li, and Shuxiang Guo. "Adaptive neural network visual servoing of dual-arm robot for cyclic motion." Industrial Robot: An International Journal 44, no. 2 (March 20, 2017): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ir-06-2016-0154.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a vision-based dual-arm cyclic motion method, focusing on solving the problems of an uncertain grasp position of the object and the dual-arm joint-angle-drift phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach A novel cascade control structure is proposed which associates an adaptive neural network with kinematics redundancy optimization. A radial basis function (RBF) neural network in conjunction with a conventional proportional–integral (PI) controller is applied to compensate for the uncertainty of the image Jacobian matrix which includes the estimated grasp position. To avoid the joint-angle-drift phenomenon, a dual neural network (DNN) solver in conjunction with a PI controller and dual-arm-coordinated constraints is applied to optimize the closed-chain kinematics redundancy. Findings The proposed method was implemented on an industrial robotic MOTOMAN with two 7-degrees of freedom robotic arms. Two experiments of carrying a tray repeatedly and turning a steering wheel were carried out, and the results indicate that the closed-trajectories tracking is achieved successfully both in the image plane and the joint spaces with the uncertain grasp position, which validates the accuracy and realizability of the proposed PI-RBF-DNN control strategy. Originality/value The adaptive neural network visual servoing method is applied to the dual-arm cyclic motion with the uncertain grasp position of the object. The proposed method enhances the environmental adaptability of a dual-arm robot in a practical manipulation task.
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Morishita, Eriko, Satoshi Fujii, and Tetsumei Urano. "ISTH WTD Steering Committee Chair Interview." Japanese Journal of Thrombosis and Hemostasis 30, no. 5 (2019): 772–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2491/jjsth.30.772.
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Cañibano Álvarez, Esteban, J. C. Merino Senovilla, J. Romo García, C. Maestro Martín, and J. Sanz López. "Integration of High Strength Steel (HSS) Elements in Automotive Industry." Key Engineering Materials 549 (April 2013): 340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.549.340.
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High Strength Steels (HSS) and Advanced High Strength Steels (AHSS) are most commonly used nowadays in the automotive industry to achieve a weight reduction of the vehicle while assuring that all the safety requirements are fulfilled. These steels are characterized by very high ultimate stresses, reaching up to 1500MPa with yield strengths of up to 1000MPa. It is mainly because of these exceptional mechanical properties that it is becoming very usual to find these steels in sheets. This study presents a design methodology for integrated security sub-modules (constituting the suspension and steering modules) in the car manufacturing industry. The sub-modules are made up of a steel structure and different anchorage elements (rubber-metal or plastic-metal), which undergo separate surface treatments to avoid corrosion. Afterwards, the elements are traditionally joined by means of adhesives and screws. This process involves a great number of stages, low quality union methods and generation of corrosion areas that shorten its service life. The first step in this study has been the construction of a metallic structure in high strength low alloy steel (HSLA), instead of in traditional steel, in order to benefit from its better safety performance and lower weight at affordable cost, moreover the industrial manufacturing process was simulate with F.E.M in order to reduce the cost in forming manufacturing process. The second step, the improvement proposed is based on the use of laser welding as joining method, a high quality way to reduce the number of anchorage points and to increase the resistance of the sub-module. The last step is the surface treatment on the integrated piece in order provide an unaltered coating. Overcoming the currently need of assembly processes, which usually causes serious damages on the protective surface, this treatment will suppose an increase in the response against corrosion of the pieces. Regarding this aspect, the development of an organic treatment with lower required temperatures (max. 100oC) has been proposed, paying particularly attention to the removal of pollutant elements (Cr (VI), Zn and Ni) involved in traditional methods. This methodology provides automotive suppliers an additional added value and cost reduction, allowing them to increase their competitiveness in a sector that faces up to the transition from the traditional supply chain to a strategic value chain.