Journal articles: 'Steering systems'

1

Brunnschweiler, Daniel. "Modern steering systems." ATZ worldwide 107, no. 2 (February 2005): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03224716.

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MIYAZAKI, Hiroyuki. "TECHNICAL TRENDS IN STEERING SYSTEMS." Proceedings of the JFPS International Symposium on Fluid Power 2008, no. 7-1 (2008): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5739/isfp.2008.133.

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3

Kohnen, Thomas. "Steering evolution." Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery 45, no. 6 (June 2019): 709–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrs.2019.04.012.

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Nippold, Christoph, Ferit Küçükay, and Roman Henze. "Analysis and application of steering systems on a steering test bench." Automotive and Engine Technology 1, no. 1-4 (May 23, 2016): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41104-016-0006-0.

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5

Arslan, M. Selçuk. "A Hysteresis-Based Steering Feel Model for Steer-by-Wire Systems." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2313529.

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A mathematical model of steering feel based on a hysteresis model is proposed for Steer-by-Wire systems. The normalized Bouc-Wen hysteresis model is used to describe the steering wheel torque feedback to the driver. By modifying the mathematical model of the hysteresis model for a steering system and adding custom parameters, the availability of adjusting the shape of steering feel model for various physical and dynamic conditions increases. Addition of a term about the tire dynamics to the steering feel model renders the steering wheel torque feedback more informative about the tire road interaction. Some simulation results are presented to establish the feasibility of the proposed model. The results of hardware-in-the-loop simulations show that the model provides a realistic and informative steering feel.

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Lee, Jaepoong, Kyongsu Yi, Dongpil Lee, Bongchoon Jang, Minjun Kim, and Sangwoo Hwang. "Haptic control of steer-by-wire systems for tracking of target steering feedback torque." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 5 (October 11, 2019): 1389–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019879298.

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This study proposes a haptic control of steer-by-wire systems for tracking a target steering feedback torque to achieve the conventional steering feedback torque. The haptic feedback control with a steer-by-wire steering-wheel system model was used to provide drivers with a conventional steering feedback torque. The steer-by-wire steering-wheel system model was developed, and a haptic control algorithm was designed for a desired steering feedback torque with a three-dimensional target steering torque map. In order to track the target steering torque to let the drivers feel the conventional steering efforts, an adaptive sliding-mode control was used to ensure robustness against parameter uncertainty. The angular velocity and angular acceleration used in the control algorithm were estimated using an infinite impulse response filter. The performance of the proposed controller was evaluated by computer simulation and hardware-in-the-loop simulation tests under various steering conditions. The proposed haptic controller successfully tracked the steering feedback torque for steer-by-wire systems.

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Whitehead, J. C. "Rear Wheel Steering Dynamics Compared to Front Steering." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 112, no. 1 (March 1, 1990): 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2894144.

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The lateral dynamics of rear wheel steering vehicles are examined using low order linear mathematical models. The response to rear steer angle inputs differs significantly from the front wheel steering response at low speeds. However, both the transient and steady state responses become less dependent on which wheels are steered as vehicle speed increases. This fact indicates that the unusual fixed control response does not alone cause rear wheel steering vehicles to be unsafe at high speeds. The free control instability unique to rear wheel steering vehicles is analyzed using a torque input model which treats steer angle as a degree of freedom. The cause of this unstable weave mode and the stable front wheel steering weave mode is a ratio of tire slip angle to steer angle in excess of unity during high speed cornering.

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Parker, S. G., C. R. Johnson, and D. Beazley. "Computational steering. Software systems and strategies." IEEE Computational Science and Engineering 4, no. 4 (1997): 50–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/99.641609.

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9

Lee, Jong-Gil. "Vibration damping apparatus for steering systems." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 124, no. 5 (2008): 2674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3020563.

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10

Shu, XIAO, GUO ZhiHua, and CAO HuaiXin. "Quantum steering in tripartite quantum systems." SCIENTIA SINICA Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica 49, no. 1 (November 28, 2018): 010301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/sspma2018-00277.

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11

Müller, Jens-Hauke. "Torque overlay for hydraulic steering systems." ATZ worldwide 112, no. 7-8 (July 2010): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03225256.

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Huber, Stephan, Matthias Koch, Raviteja Krovvidi, and Malte Fock. "Steering Actuator for Safety-critical Systems." ATZ worldwide 123, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38311-020-0602-5.

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13

Aumi, Siam, and Prashant Mhaskar. "Safe-steering of batch process systems." AIChE Journal 55, no. 11 (November 2009): 2861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.11920.

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14

Mills, V. D., and J. R. Wagner. "Behavioural modelling and analysis of hybrid vehicle steering systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, no. 5 (May 1, 2003): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440703321645061.

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Hybrid vehicles integrate an internal combustion engine, electric motor with accompanying battery pack and generator, and potentially fuel cells to realize greater fuel economy and reduced emission levels. A variety of powertrain operating scenarios exist including engine with belt-driven generator, electric motor using battery pack and/or fuel cell and, finally, engine and electric motor. Automotive subsystems such as hydraulic power steering cannot be consistently powered by a conventional belt-driven hydraulic pump since the engine may be frequently turned off to conserve energy. Thus, a need exists to investigate the dynamic behaviour of various steering systems for hybrid vehicles in terms of platform steering characteristics and power consumption. In this paper, empirical and analytical mathematical models will be presented for power (e.g. hydraulic, electric and steer by wire) rack and pinion steering units. The influence of chassis, tyre-road interface and steering system non-linearities are introduced. Representative numerical results will be presented and discussed to investigate a vehicle's transient response for each steering system configuration.

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15

Lee, Dongpil, Kyongsu Yi, Sehyun Chang, Byungrim Lee, and Bongchoon Jang. "Robust steering-assist torque control of electric-power-assisted-steering systems for target steering wheel torque tracking." Mechatronics 49 (February 2018): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2017.12.007.

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16

Li, Guo, and Yan Sun. "The Fuzzy Decoupling Control of the Electric Vehicle Steering and Speed Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 387 (August 2013): 284–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.387.284.

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Based on the electric vehicle steering and speed models, this paper discussed the control problems of the electric vehicle steering and speed systems. Firstly, the electric vehicle speed control system is designed using the fuzzy PID controller. Then the electric vehicle steering controller is a fuzzy controller. Due to the coupled effect of speed in the steering control system, designing a fuzzy decoupling controller, reducing the coupled effect of speed, in order to control the system of steering model and speed model independently, and to achieve the purpose of decoupling. Finally, the result of simulation proves that no matter how speed changes, steering control system still has good tracking performance with decoupling controller. The systemic robustness is much stronger and it also enhances the utility of the control system.

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17

Zheng, J. Y., and R. E. Reid. "Design Analysis of Ship Steering Gear Control Systems." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 110, no. 3 (August 1, 1988): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3257054.

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The paper presents design analyses of ship steering gear control systems. Emphasis is placed on compressibility, leakage, friction, hydrodynamic damping, limiter and relay aspects of systems design. Computer simulation results are presented to assess the effect of design parameters on system performance for two different steering system/ship configurations. A design example is presented to show the main steps for designing a steering gear control system using single-loop bang-bang control with a variable capacity pump. The performance of the system is shown to be good.

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18

Ranade, Eeshan. "Electronic Control System for Steer by Wire." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VI (June 30, 2021): 4161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.35968.

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Automobile industry’s focus is on efficiency, safety and performance has resulted in the rapid introduction of electronics in vehicle safety systems and engine management. Mechanical and Hydraulic systems are now gradually being replaced by electronic controllers to achieve the objectives of optimizing power consumption, improving driver convenience, and maximizing driver safety resulting in an overall improved performance and experience. Vehicle steering systems have transitioned from mechanical to hydraulic power to an electric power assisted steering system and now to the state of the art, Steer by Wire (SbW) system. Traditional mechanical systems included a steering wheel, column, gear, rack and pinion and did not support any power steering. The next generation hydraulic systems were more stable, safer and required comparatively lesser effort. Electric or DC motors drove the Electric Power System addressing the drawbacks of the hydraulic systems especially those related to environment and acoustics with the added advantage of a compact structure and power-on-demand engine performance. By-wire steering technologies was originally introduced in the Concord aircraft in 1970s. The SbW is a steering system with no steering column. The mechanical interface between the steering wheel and the wheels is replaced with by-wire electrical connection/electronic actuators. SbW system has significant advantages in terms of driving safety due to the availability of the steering command in electronic form and the removal of the steering shaft, cruising comfort with driving manoeuvring due to no space constraint and favourable to the environment with the non-usage of hydraulic oils.

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19

Wang, Zhaojian, and Hamid Reza Karimi. "Experimental Study on Antivibration Control of Electrical Power Steering Systems." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/450427.

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We focus on the antivibration controller design problem for electrical power steering (EPS) systems. The EPS system has significant advantages over the traditional hydraulic steering system. However, the improper motor controller design would lead to the steering wheel vibration. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the antivibration control strategy. For the implementation study, we also present the motor driver design and the software design which is used to monitor the sensors and the control signal. Based on the investigation on the regular assistant algorithm, we summarize the difficulties and problems encountered by the regular algorithm. After that, in order to improve the performance of antivibration and the human-like steering feeling, we propose a new assistant strategy for the EPS. The experiment results of the bench test illustrate the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed control strategy. Compared with the regular controller, the proposed antivibration control reduces the vibration of the steering wheel a lot.

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20

Na, Shaodan, Zhipeng Li, Feng Qiu, and Chao Zhang. "Torque Control of Electric Power Steering Systems Based on Improved Active Disturbance Rejection Control." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (April 29, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6509607.

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In the electric power steering (EPS) system, low-frequency disturbances such as road resistance, irregular mechanical friction, and changing motor parameters can cause steering wheel torque fluctuation and discontinuity. In order to improve the steering wheel torque smoothness, an improved torque control method of an EPS motor is proposed in the paper. A target torque algorithm is established, which is related to steering process parameters such as steering wheel angle and angular speed. Then, a target torque closed-loop control strategy based on the improved ADRC is designed to estimate and compensate the internal and external disturbance of the system, so as to reduce the impact of the disturbance on the steering torque. The simulation results show that the responsiveness and anti-interference ability of the improved ADRC is better than that of the conventional ADRC and PI. The vehicle experiment shows that the proposed control method has good motor current stability, steering torque smoothness, and flexibility when there is low-frequency disturbance.

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21

Ravi Ghule and Simran Shaikh, Prof Nivedita, Pall Choudhury, Ashutosh Jagdale,. "A Review Paper on Electric Assisted Steering System for Automobiles." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 7, no. 03 (April 10, 2021): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0703009.

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Electric Assisted Steering system is an Electric System, which reduces the amount of steering effort by directly applying the output from the electric motor to the steering system.In this system the mechanical link between the steering wheel and road wheels of an automobile are replaced by a control system consisting of sensors, actuators and controllers seem to offer great advantages such as enhanced system performance, simplified construction, design flexibility etc.It offers greater vehicle safety by adapting variable steering ratios to human needs, filtering drive train influences and even adjusting active steering torque in critical situations. In addition, it can make cars even lighter and more fuel efficient when compared to those using hydraulic steering systems. The central electronic elements of today’s steering systems are modern microcontrollers

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22

Silva, José Antônio, Gláucio C. Laun Nacif, and Luben Cabezas-Goméz. "Continuous Improvements Analysis in Energy Efficiency of Steering Power Systems to Light Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 798 (October 2015): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.798.92.

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This study analyses the energy consumption of a vehicle steering system and evaluates potential earnings in using more efficient systems. The energy consumption of the steering system to provide assistance can be until 3% of the vehicle total energy consumption. The technology evolution of the steering system provides a significant reduction in energy consumption. Three types of steering systems were evaluated: Hydraulic Power System, Electro-Hydraulic Power System and Electrical Power System, respectively, considering the consumption and the energy efficiency of their components. Some evaluations of the energy consumed by system components were performed using data from the available sources in the literature and other evaluations were performed via experimental tests on a bench test. A comparative study was set to determine the differences between steering systems regarding the energy consumption and energy efficiency. Consumption analysis of steering system were extended to evaluate the impact in the final vehicle consumption. The Electrical Power System can increase the efficiency in fuel use during operation in the vehicle.

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23

Baek, Jaemin, and Changmook Kang. "Time-Delayed Control for Automated Steering Wheel Tracking of Electric Power Steering Systems." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 95457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2990970.

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24

Wilkie, R. M., and J. P. Wann. "The stages of steering." Journal of Vision 3, no. 9 (March 18, 2010): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/3.9.551.

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25

Dulęba, Ignacy, and Jerzy Z. Sasiadek. "Calibration of Controls in Steering Nonholonomic Systems." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 31, no. 33 (October 1998): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)38401-x.

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26

Kim, Sang Gook, Yong Shi, and Yongbae Jeon. "Design of Micro-photonic Beam Steering Systems." CIRP Annals 51, no. 1 (2002): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-8506(07)61530-3.

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27

Busse, Carsten, Christian Hopp, Danny Holluschek, and Frank Schöttler. "Virtual Torque Sensors for Electromechanical Steering Systems." ATZautotechnology 11, no. 5 (October 2011): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s35595-011-0064-x.

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Dulȩba, Ignacy, and Jerzy Z. Sasiadek. "Calibration of controls in steering nonholonomic systems." Control Engineering Practice 9, no. 2 (February 2001): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-0661(00)00096-4.

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29

Odhams, A. M. C., R. L. Roebuck, D. Cebon, and C. B. Winkler. "Dynamic safety of active trailer steering systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 222, no. 4 (December 2008): 367–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/14644193jmbd174.

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30

Busse, Carsten, Christian Hopp, Danny Holluschek, and Frank Schöttler. "Virtual Torque Sensors for Electromechanical Steering Systems." ATZ worldwide eMagazine 113, no. 10 (September 30, 2011): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s38311-011-0101-9.

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31

Cheng, W. W., K. Wang, W. F. Wang, and Y. J. Guo. "Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen steering in critical systems." Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 52, no. 8 (March 28, 2019): 085501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/ab0238.

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32

Tanwani, R., and D. T. Iseley. "Tracking and Steering Systems in Trenchless Construction." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 120, no. 1 (March 1994): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(1994)120:1(65).

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33

Chitour, Yacine, Frédéric Jean, and Ruixing Long. "A global steering method for nonholonomic systems." Journal of Differential Equations 254, no. 4 (February 2013): 1903–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2012.11.012.

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34

Marigo, Alessia. "Optimal input sets for steering quantized systems." Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems 22, no. 2 (September 5, 2010): 129–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00498-010-0055-2.

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35

Hazelden, R. J. "Optical torque sensor for automotive steering systems." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 37-38 (June 1993): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-4247(93)80033-d.

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36

Lee, A. Y. "Design of Stability Augmentation Systems for Automotive Vehicles." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 112, no. 3 (September 1, 1990): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2896169.

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The high-speed cruising stability of passenger vehicles may be enhanced with stability augmentation systems. These systems would modify the driver’s steering command to the vehicle’s front wheels, and steer the rear wheels according to measured vehicle conditions such as its yaw-rate. In this simulation study, an explicit driver model is used in the design of these stability augmentation systems. For ease of implementation, only low-order controllers are synthesized using parameter optimization. The high-speed, straight-line stability of a passenger vehicle in a cross-wind is simulated to evaluate steering performance with these controllers. Our results show that stability augmented steering has the potential to improve the directional stability of passenger vehicles.

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37

Yim, Seongjin. "Comparison among Active Front, Front Independent, 4-Wheel and 4-Wheel Independent Steering Systems for Vehicle Stability Control." Electronics 9, no. 5 (May 12, 2020): 798. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9050798.

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For the last four decades, several steering systems for vehicles such as active front steering (AFS), front wheel independent steering (FWIS), 4-wheel steering (4WS) and 4-wheel independent steering (4WIS) have been proposed and developed. However, there have been few approaches for comparison among these steering systems with respect to yaw rate tracking or path tracking performance. This paper presents comparison among AFS, FWIS, 4WS and 4WIS in terms of vehicle stability control. In view of vehicle stability control, these systems are used as an actuator for generation of yaw moment. Direct yaw moment control is adopted to calculate a control yaw moment. Distribution from the control yaw moment into tire forces is achieved by a control allocation method. From the calculated tire forces, the steering angles of FWIS, 4WS and 4WIS are determined with a lateral tire force model. To check the performance of these actuators, simulation is conducted on vehicle simulation packages, CarSim. From the simulation, the advantages of FWIS and 4WIS are revealed over AFS and 4WS.

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38

Reid, R. E., and J. Y. Zheng. "Time Domain Simulation of Ship Steering Gear Control Systems." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 108, no. 1 (March 1, 1986): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3231246.

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Considering the effects of oil compressibility, leakage, hydrodynamic damping and friction, in addition to other nonlinearities, such as bang-bang relay, pump saturation and limiters of oil pressure and pump flow, the performance of five different types of ship steering gear control systems are examined using digital computer simulation techniques. Three of the controllers examined are “bang-bang” controllers, while the remaining two are “analog”. The behavior and performance of the various systems on three ship configurations are compared. It is shown that the analog steering gear controllers can be expected to demonstrate superior performance of the ship/steering system in calm water operations.

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39

Alexandru, Cătălin. "A mechanical integral steering system for increasing the stability and handling of motor vehicles." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 8 (December 30, 2015): 1465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215624465.

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The article deals with the design, modeling, and simulation of an innovative four-wheel steering system for motor vehicles. The study is focused on the steering box of the rear wheels, which is a cam-based mechanism, while the front steering system uses a classical pinion—rack gearbox. In the proposed concept, the four-wheel steering aims to improve the vehicle stability and handling performances by considering the integral steering law, which is formulated in terms of correlation between the steering angles of the front and rear wheels. In this regard, a double-profiled cam is designed, in correlation with the input motion law applied to the steering wheel. The cam profile dictates (prescribes) the translational movement of the rear follower, which is connected to the left and right steering tierods, turning—as appropriate—the rear wheels in the same direction (for stability) or in opposite (for handling) to the front wheels. The cam-based mechanism is able to carry out complex motion laws, providing accurate integral steering law. The dynamic modeling and simulation of the four-wheel steering vehicle was performed by using the Multi-Body Systems package Automatic Dynamic Analysis of Mechanical Systems of MSC.Software, the full-vehicle model containing also the front and rear wheels suspension systems, as well the vehicle chassis (car body). The dynamic simulations in virtual environment have resulted in important results that demonstrate the handling and stability performances of the proposed four-wheel steering system by reference to a classical two-wheel steering vehicle.

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40

Lu, Zhi Xiong, Jiang Xue Chang, Xue Feng Bai, Yang Lu, and Jun Gan Wu. "Analysis of Steering Control Strategy on Tractor's Hydraulic Steering By-Wire System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 487 (January 2014): 630–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.487.630.

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The structure and working principle of the hydraulic steering by-wire system were described, and the optimal control algorithm of the system was obtained by the comparative analysis. Fuzzy control was chosen as the steering systems control algorithm, and it can realize closed-loop control of the front wheel corner. Matlab/Simulink was used for the simulation of the entire system. The simulation got the fuel tank displacements response curve, and verified the accuracy of the system design, which can provide a reference to the design of tractors steering system. Bench test was proposed to verify the accuracy of the system. The bench test results showed that the hydraulic steering by-wire controller can realize systems steering function well, and the system improved the control accuracy and fast response characteristics.

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41

Allous, Manel, Kais Mrabet, and Nadia Zanzouri. "Fast fault-tolerant control of electric power steering systems in the presence of actuator fault." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 12 (December 7, 2018): 3088–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018816556.

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Electric power steering is an advanced steering system that uses an electric motor to improve steering comfort of the car. As a result, the failures in the electric motor can lead to additional fault modes and cause damage of the electric power steering system performance. Hence, to ensure the stability of this latter, the present paper proposes a new method to reconfigure the fault control. A novelty approach of fast fault estimation based on adaptive observer is also proposed. Moreover, to guarantee optimal and fast control, a fault-tolerant control based on inverse bond graph modeling is designed to construct the behavior of the nominal system. The simulation and the experimental results on a real electric power steering system reveal the importance of the control strategy and show that the proposed approach works as intended.

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42

Whitehead, J. C. "A Prototype Steering Weave Stabilizer for Automobiles." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 113, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2896340.

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A prototype high-speed steering stabilizer for automobiles applies transient steering torques so that the sum of natural steering restoring torque and the control torque is more nearly in phase with steer angle than the natural restoring torque alone. The resulting reduction in the phase lag from steer angle to restoring torque mitigates the steering weave mode. Since steering restoring torque is nearly proportional to vehicle lateral acceleration, weave controller circuitry could subtract instantaneous lateral acceleration from expected steady-state lateral acceleration calculated from steer angle and vehicle speed, and thence command a steering torque actuator depending on the difference signal. The prototype performs the same function using a concentrated mass on the lower steering wheel rim which is passively sensitive to both steer angle and lateral acceleration, thereby applying only transient steering torques in the desired manner at a vehicle speed of 30 m/s. The additional steering system inertia alone affects the weave mode, so a non-stabilizing configuration with the same mass distributed around the steering wheel rim is tested for direct comparison. The experimental data show a dramatic stabilization of weave for the configuration which applies control torque.

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43

Liu, Xu Hui, Ying Hui Liu, and Ding Feng. "Downhole Propulsion/Steering Mechanism for Wellbore Trajectory Control in Directional Drilling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 318 (May 2013): 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.318.185.

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Advanced directional drilling, especially rotary steerable systems, provides directional control of wellbore while continuously rotating the drill bit. Downhole propulsion/steering mechanism is one of the key components in rotary closed-loop drilling system. Downhole steering/propulsion mechanisms currently used for directional control include adjustable stabilizer, steerable downhole motor and steering actuators used in state-of-the-art rotary steerable systems. The novel electro-mechanical propulsion and steering mechanisms are introduced, in order to produce downhole weight on bit (WOB) and directional control of the drill bit while rotating it as well. The mechanisms are based on high-reduction ratio planetary gear system and DC motor. This propulsion/steering mechanism introduces a unique rotary steering method with a manner of turning screw inside borehole. As a downhole propulsion/steering mechanism, it can be integrated with an existing MWD system to provide directional control and downhole propulsion force on drill bit.

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44

Modjtahedzadeh, A., and R. A. Hess. "A Model of Driver Steering Control Behavior for Use in Assessing Vehicle Handling Qualities." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 115, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 456–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2899123.

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A control theoretic model of driver steering control behavior is presented. The resulting model is shown capable of producing driver/vehicle steering responses which compare favorably with those obtained from driver simulation. The model is simple enough to be used by engineers who may not be manual control specialists. The model contains both preview and compensatory steering dynamics. An analytical technique for vehicle handling qualities assessment is briefly discussed. Driver/vehicle responses from two driving tasks evaluated in a driver simulator are used to evaluate the overall validity of the driver/vehicle model. Finally, the model is exercised in predictive fashion in the computer simulation of a lane keeping task on a curving roadway where the simulated vehicle possessed one of three different steering systems: a conventional two-wheel steering system and a pair of four-wheel steering systems.

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45

Benyeogor, Mbadiwe, and Sushant Kumar. "Geometrical Analysis and Design of Tension-Actuated Ackermann Steering System for Quad-Wheeled Robots." Scientific Review, no. 61 (January 20, 2020): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/sr.61.7.13.

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The tension-actuated steering system is a vehicular steering design that comprises a motorized gear system, pulleys, inelastic string, main steering bar, and a strain gauge. This development is aimed to produce a steering design that could enhance the efficiency of steering systems in quad-wheeled (i.e. four-wheeled) robots. In this work, the steering system of conventional passenger vehicles and existing quad-wheeled robots are reviewed and their technical deficiencies are improved based on cost, power and production factors. Thus, the tension-actuated steering system is proposed as a solution for mechanizing steering functions in quad-wheeled robots. It is expected that this work will stimulate interest and enthusiasm.

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M.A., Azmi, Mohammad R., and D. E. Pebrian. "Evaluation of soil EC mapping driven by manual and autopilot-automated steering systems of tractor on oil palm plantation terrain." Food Research 4, S5 (December 20, 2020): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.4(s5).015.

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The autopilot-automated steering system is one of today’s modern technologies in a tractor’s driving system for conducting the operations in farmland. However, further study on the suitability of this steering technology on a particular geographic region is still a necessity. This study evaluated the precision of tractor operations with soil sensor implement using manual and autopilot-automated steering systems on oil palm plantation terrain in Malaysia. A New Holland TD5.75 tractor with 75 hp engine size equipped with a Trimble autopilot-automated steering system pulling a Veris 3100 soil electrical conductivity (EC) sensor was tested in this study. The findings showed that each steering system generated a little different pattern of spatial variability in interpolated soil EC maps. Apart from that, autopilot-automated steering system offered better performances by saving energy expenditure of operator and improving the field capacity of operation. Conclusively, tractor with autopilot-automated steering presented a great suitability for the use in agricultural operations in Malaysia.

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Broadbent, Jane, Richard Laughlin, and Ghazwa Alwani-Starr. "Steering for Sustainability." Public Management Review 12, no. 4 (July 2010): 461–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2010.496257.

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Zhao, Hai Xia, and Zhi En Lv. "Research on Angle Measurement of Loader's Steering-by-Wire System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.138.

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The loader's steer-by-wire system combines the automatic control system and hydraulic system. The system cancels the mechanical or hydraulic connection between the steering wheel and the front wheels, which existed in the original steering system, optimizing the adaptation of the loaders steering systems road feeling to its working conditions, convenient for the integration with other systems, and harmonization of control. This paper puts forward a new measurement of a steer-by-wire system steering angel. It aims at more accurate corner detection, will design to optimize loader's steer-by-wire hydraulic system signal detection, and better meet the actual needs.

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Rowduru, Sreeharsha, Niranjan Kumar, and Ajit Kumar. "A critical review on automation of steering mechanism of load haul dump machine." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 234, no. 2 (May 19, 2019): 160–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651819847813.

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This article presents a brief note on the evolution of steering mechanisms and more emphasized on articulated steering system of the load haul dump machine. In this respect, pictorial representation of the evolution of steering mechanisms for on-road and articulated steering mechanisms of the load haul dump machine is made from the available literature. Critical review on basic elements required for the complete automation of the load haul dump vehicle steering system is presented. Different types of controllers for path tracking error minimization of the scale-modeled or simulated model of the load haul dump steering system are tabulated. Few case studies stimulating the complete automation of the load haul dump steering system employed on the field are also discussed. Challenges and some research gaps in making fully automated steering system of the load haul dump machine are identified in this review article. At the end, based on the critical review, some novel methods for making the fully automated steering system of the load haul dump machine is provided, which is the potential future work for the design and development of feasible automatic steering system.

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Skurikhin, V., K. Soroka, and I. Aharkov. "Mathematical modeling of the electric power steering system of a vehicle with a worm drive." Lighting engineering and power engineering 3, no. 59 (November 27, 2020): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2079-424x-2020-3-59-101-107.

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The complexity and variety of requirements imposed on modern cars have led to a variety of designs of steering amplifiers, which are based on various physical phenomena and patterns (mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical, etc.). Despite the difference in design and operating principles, steering amplifiers of domestic and foreign production are based on a large number of complex components and parts, which reduces their reliability. In addition, due to the constant impact of amplifiers on the controlled wheels, the driver does not feel changes in the behavior of the car on the road when disturbing influences occur, which reduces traffic safety and can lead to an accident. Therefore, increasing the sensitivity of the steering wheel to adverse factors acting on the wheels of the car while driving is one of the important tasks of improving power steering system. Introduction of electric power steering systems for cargo and passenger vehicles with a load capacity of up to 20 tons. this is a very urgent problem. In contrast to power steering system, which is still used in the control systems of high-tonnage vehicles, electric power is much simpler in design, does not require much time and costs for operation and repair. Electric power steering system with worm drive, which has a gear ratio significantly higher than those used in passenger cars, is considered. For this purpose, the formula for calculating the active moment of resistance due to the angle of transverse inclination of the pin and the corresponding system of differential equations characterizing the electric power steering system with worm drive are derived. Based on this, a functional diagram of the electric power steering control system has been developed, which is unified for worm drive steering systems and can serve as a base for modeling the steering system of cargo and passenger vehicles.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Steering systems'

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