Academic literature on the topic 'Stenopelmatus'

The New World Jerusalem crickets currently consist of 4 genera: Stenopelmatus Burmeister, 1838, with 33 named entities; Ammopelmatus Tinkham, 1965, with 2 described species; Viscainopelmatus Tinkham, 1970, with 1 described species, and Stenopelmatopterus Gorochov, 1988, with 3 described species. We redefine the generic boundaries of these 4 genera, synonymize Stenopelmatopterus under Stenopelmatus, and synonymize Viscainopelmatus under Ammopelmatus. We then discuss, and illustrate, all the types of the species of Stenopelmatus, all of which only occur south of the United States’ border. We recognize as valid the following 5 described Mexican and Central American species: S. ater, S. piceiventris, S. sartorianus, S. talpa, and S. typhlops. We declare the following 13 described Mexican and Central American Stenopelmatus taxa as nomen dubium: S. calcaratus, S. erythromelus, S. guatemalae, S. histrio, S. lessonae, S. lycosoides, S. mexicanus, S. minor, S. nieti, S. sallei, S. sumichrasti, S. toltecus, and S. vicinus. We designate a neotype for S. talpa and lectotypes for S. ater, S. guatemalae, S. histrio, S. lessonae, S. mexicanus, S. minor, S. nieti, S. sallei, S. sumichrasti, and S. toltecus. We assign a type locality for S. piceiventris. We concur with the previous synonymy of S. politus under S. sartorianus. We describe 14 new species of Stenopelmatus from Mexico, Honduras and Ecuador, based on a combination of adult morphology, DNA, calling song drumming pattern, distribution, and karyotype: S. chiapas sp. nov., S. cusuco sp. nov., S. diezmilpies sp. nov., S. durango sp. nov., S. ecuadorensis sp. nov., S. faulkneri sp. nov., S. honduras sp. nov., S. hondurasito sp. nov., S. mineraldelmonte sp. nov., S. nuevoleon sp. nov., S. perote sp. nov., S. saltillo sp. nov., S. sanfelipe sp. nov., and S. zimapan sp. nov. We transfer the following 16 described United States taxa, plus S. cephalotes from the “west coast of North America”, from Stenopelmatus to Ammopelmatus: A. cahuilaensis, A. californicus, A. cephalotes, A. fasciatus, A. fuscus, A. hydrocephalus, A. intermedius, A. irregularis, A. longispinus, A. mescaleroensis, A. monahansensis, A. navajo, A. nigrocapitatus, A. oculatus, A. pictus, and A. terrenus, along with the Mexican taxon A. comanchus: these species will be discussed in a subsequent paper (Weissman et al. in prep). We believe that all new Jerusalem cricket species descriptions should include, at a minimum, calling drum (most important) and DNA information.

Data on the genera Anabropsis Rehn, 1901, Glaphyrosoma Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1888, Stenopelmatopterus Gorochov, 1988 and Stenopelmatus Burmeister, 1838, belonging to the families Anostostomatidae and Stenopelmatidae, from Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Colombia are presented. Sixteen new species are described: A. longipenna sp. nov.; A. weissmani sp. nov.; A. kasparyani sp. nov.; A. proxima sp. nov.; A. johnsi sp. nov.; A. chiapas sp. nov.; A. oaxaca sp. nov.; A. apteroides sp. nov.; G. bulbosum sp. nov.; G. beretka sp. nov.; G. tamaulipas sp. nov.; G. pushenkovi sp. nov.; G. dilutum sp. nov.; G. dentatum sp. nov.; G. karnyi sp. nov.; G. anderi sp. nov. Tribe Brachyporini Gorochov, 2001 is restored from synonymy; lectotypes for G. gracile Brunner-Wattenwyl, 1888 and for G. mexicanum (Saussure, 1859) are designated; and new data on distribution of some other species are given.

The New Zealand hairworms (Nematomorpha: Gordioidea) Gordius dimorphus n.sp., Euchordodes nigromaculatus n.sp., and Gordionus diblastus (Örley) are described or redescribed as parasites of the stenopelmatid (Orthoptera) genera Deinacrida, Hemiandrus, Zealandosandrus, and Hemideina. Hairworm larvae are described from aquatic insect paratenic hosts. It is assumed that when these hosts are eaten by wetas, the parasites invade the body cavity of the latter and develop to maturity. On the basis of biogeographical and paleontological evidence it is likely that weta parasitism by hairworms extends back to the Mesozoic.

This study utilises new taxonomic characters to define the Australian Gryllacrididae. Notes on biology, ecology and behaviour are presented. The chromosome complements of ten species are reported and illustrated. Nullanullia maitlia Rentz. gen. et sp. nov. was shown to be facultatively parthenogenetic in the laboratory. Kew taxonomic characters include the structure of the mandible and maxilla, the femoroabdominal stidulatory apparatus, the structure of the fastigium of the vertex, the punctation and colour of the frons, the size. shape and the medium and textured ocelli, and the detailed structure of male and female genitalia including sculpture of the ovipositor. Arrolla Rentz, gen. nov. is proposed to include A. rotamah (type species), A. lawrencei, A. platystyla, A. weiri, A. tibialis. A. turramurrae, A. lewisi, A. longicauda spp. nov.; A. fuscifrons (Ander) is transferred from Pareremus Ander to Arrolla Rentz. gen. nov. Apotrechus Brunner is defined and includes A. unicolor Brunner (type species), and A. illawarra Rentz. sp. nov. Kinemania Rentz, gen. nov. is described to include a single Tasmanian species. K. ambulans (Erichson) hitherto included in Apotrechus. Wirritina Rentz, gen. Nov. is proposed to include W. brevipes (Ander) (type species) formerly placed in Apotrechus and W. naumanni Rentz, sp. nov. Cooraboorama Rentz. gen. nov. is described for a single species, C. canberrae Rentz. sp. nov. Notes on several well-knoun species of Pareremus are presented with illustrations and redescriptions of types. 'Pareremus' atrofrons (Tepper), based on immatures, is probably misplaced in Pareremus. Penthoplophora Tepper. originally described as a stenopelmatid. is synonymised with Ametrus Brunner: no stenopelmatids are known from central Australia. The monotypic genera Ametrosomus Tepper and Apteronomus Tepper are redescribed and their type species described and illustrated. Moorscra Rentz, gen. nov. is described to include three fully-winged species: M. canobolas (type species), M. curragundi Rentz, spp. nov. Mooracra sp. 1 is illustrated but not described. Paragryllacris Brunner is redefined and its type species. Gryllacris combusta Gerstaecker, is described and illustrated. Chauliogryllacris Rentz. gen. nov. is proposed to include seven species, two of which are well-known — C. lobata (Brunner) and C. exserta Brunner. The genus also includes C. grahami (type species) and C. nungeena Rentz spp. nov.; other species are noted but not described. Nunkeria Rentz, gen. nov. is described to include two species, N. maitila, (type species) and N. feehani spp. nov. Nullanullia Rentz gen. nov. includes two species, N. maitlia (type species) and N. kotla spp. nov. Hyalogryllacris Karny is discussed and its large number of species (25) noted. H. hyalina (Brunner) (type species) is described and its role as a host for the sphecid wasp, Sphex vestitus. is noted. Hyalogryllacis sp. 9 is illustrated but not described. This paper reports the first cytological information for the Gryllacrididae from Australia. Chromosome numbers of 10 species indicate three clusters of species. These are not taxonomically relevant. One cluster with four species showed relatively high counts 2n = 26 female, 25 male; another cluster with three species showed a reduced diploid number apparently as a result of fusions; a third cluster contained three species with numbers ranging from 2n = 14 female to 2n = 10 female; in this group the number of large metacentrics has been reduced to either two or one. It seems that karyotype evolution in the gryllacridids has evolved in at least three ways: (1) Robertsonian fusion. (2) alterations in the amount and location of heterochromatin, and (3) structural rearrangements other than fusions.