Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV)

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV)"

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Chen, Qiu Hua, Xu Lai, and Jin Zou. "SPIV Analysis of the Tip Vortex Evolution of a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine." Advanced Materials Research 860-863 (December 2013): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.860-863.256.

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The present paper evaluates the tip vortex evolution of a horizontal axis wind turbine model using the stereo particle image velocimetry technology. The measurements of the wake region up to 2.7 diameters downstream are first conducted using the phase locked technique based on two high speed CCD cameras. Parameters that describe the helical vortex wake, such as the velocity, helicoidal pitch and vortex vorticity, are presented at two tip speed ratios. The vortex interaction and stability of helical vortex filaments within wind turbine wake are seen throughout the measurement domain. The results show the wake structure varies with tip speed ratio, and the helicoidal pitch of tip vortex trajectory reduces while the diffusion of tip vortex is faster with increasing tip speed ratio.
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Shukla, Dhwanil, and Narayanan Komerath. "Multirotor Drone Aerodynamic Interaction Investigation." Drones 2, no. 4 (December 3, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones2040043.

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Aerodynamic interactions between rotors are important factors affecting the performance of in-plane multirotor Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) or drones, which are the majority of small size UAVs (or mini-drones). Optimal design requires knowledge of the flow features. The low Reynolds number of many UAV rotors raises the question of how these features differ from those expected by traditional analytical methods for rotorcraft. Aerodynamics of a set of side-by-side rotors in hover over a range of rotor separation and Reynolds number is studied using high-speed Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) and performance measurements. The instantaneous and time-averaged SPIV data presented here indicate an increase in inter-rotor wake interactions with decrease in rotor spacing and Reynolds number. A dip in rotor efficiency at small rotor spacing at low Reynolds number is observed through thrust and torque measurements. The basic components of in-plane multirotor wake and velocity profiles are identified and discussed to help generalize the findings to a wide range of drones. However, the data provide confidence in traditional analysis tools, with small modifications.
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El Lababidy, S., N. Bose, P. Liu, D. Walker, and F. Di Felice. "Experimental Analysis of the Near Wake from a Ducted Thruster at True and Near Bollard Pull Conditions Using Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV)." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 127, no. 3 (March 3, 2005): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1951770.

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Thrusters working at low advance coefficients are employed in a wide range of offshore and marine applications on Floating, Production, Storage, and Offloading (FPSO) systems; shuttle tankers; tug boats; and mobile offshore units. Therefore, an understanding of the flow around the thrusters is of great practical interest. Despite this interest, there is lack of knowledge in the description of the hydrodynamic characteristics of a ducted thruster’s wake at bollard pull and low advance coefficient values. This work was aimed at providing detailed data about the hydrodynamic characteristics of a Dynamic Positioning (DP) thruster near wake flow at different low advance coefficient values. Wake measurements were made during cavitation tunnel tests carried out on a ducted propeller model at the Italian Ship Model Basin (INSEAN), Rome, Italy. Through these experiments, the DP thruster near wake velocity components at different downstream axial planes, up to 1.5 diameters downstream, were obtained using a Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) system. These experiments were carried out at different advance coefficient (J) values [bollard pull (J=0), J=0.4 and J=0.45].
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Szmyd, Janusz, Marian Branny, Michal Karch, Waldemar Wodziak, Marek Jaszczur, and Remigiusz Nowak. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the air Flow in T-Shape Channel Flow / Eksperymentalna i numeryczna analiza przepływu powietrza przez skrzyżowanie kanałów w kształcie litery T." Archives of Mining Sciences 58, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 333–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amsc-2013-0023.

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This paper presents the results of experimental and numerical investigations of air flow through the crossing of a mining longwall and ventilation gallery. The object investigated consists of airways (headings) arranged in a T-shape. Maintained for technological purposes, the cave is exposed particularly to dangerous accumulations of methane. The laboratory model is a certain simplification of a real longwall and ventilation gallery crossing. Simplifications refer to both the object’s geometry and the air flow conditions. The aim of the research is to evaluate the accuracy with which numerical simulations model the real flow. Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) was used to measure all velocity vector components. Three turbulence models were tested: standard k-ε, k-ε realizable and the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM). The experimental results have been compared against the results of numerical simulations. Good agreement is achieved between all three turbulence model predictions and measurements in the inflow and outflow of the channel. Large differences between the measured and calculated velocity field occur in the cavity zone. Two models, the standard k-ε and k-ε realizable over-predict the measure value of the streamwise components of velocity. This causes the ventilation intensity to be overestimated in this domain. The RSM model underestimates the measure value of streamwise components of velocity and therefore artificially decreases the intensity of ventilation in this zone. The RSM model provides better predictions than the standard k-ε and k-ε realizable in the cavity zone.
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Cantrak, Djordje, Novica Jankovic, and Dejan Ilic. "Investigation of the turbulent swirl flow in pipe generated by axial fans using PIV and LDA methods." Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 42, no. 3 (2015): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tam1503211c.

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In this paper is presented experimental investigation of the turbulent swirl flow in pipe generated by axial fans. Two various models of industrial axial fans are used. One of these is axial fan W30, model AP 400, Minel, Serbia and has seven blades and outer diameter 0.397m. Second axial fan SP30 is model TGT/2-400-6, S&P, Spain, has six blades and outer diameter 0.386m. This results with greater clearance in the second case. Blades were adjusted for both fans at the angle of 30? at the outer diameter. Test rig length is 27.74-D, where D is average inner diameter app. 0.4 m. Measurements are performed in two measuring sections downstream the axial fans (z/D = 3.35 and z/D = 26.31) with one-component laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) system and stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV). Obtained Reynolds numbers, calculated on the basis of the average axial velocity (Um) in the first measuring section are for fan SP30 Re = 226757, while for fan W30 Re = 254010. Integral flow parameters are determined such as average circulation and swirl number. Significant downstream axial velocity transformation occurs for both fans, while circumferential velocity is decreased, but non-dimensional velocity profile remains the same. Circumferential velocity distribution for both fans in the central zone corresponds to the solid body, while in r/R > 0.4, where D = 2R, distribution is more uniform. Radial velocity in the case of fan SP30 has almost zero values in the measuring section z/D = 3.35, while its values are significantly increased in the downstream section with the maximum in the vortex core region. On the contrary radial velocity decreases downstream for fan W30 and has also maximum value in the vortex core region for both measuring sections. Level of turbulence, skewness and flatness factors are calculated on the basis of the experimental data. The highest levels of turbulence for circumferential velocity are reached in the vortex core region for both fans. It is shown how statistical moments of the third and fourth order differ from the values for normal Gaussian distribution. In this paper are also analyzed velocity fields by use of SPIV.
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Bhattacharya, Sayantan, John J. Charonko, and Pavlos P. Vlachos. "Stereo-particle image velocimetry uncertainty quantification." Measurement Science and Technology 28, no. 1 (November 24, 2016): 015301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/28/1/015301.

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Kähler, C. J., and J. Kompenhans. "Fundamentals of multiple plane stereo particle image velocimetry." Experiments in Fluids 29, no. 7 (December 31, 2000): S070—S077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003480070009.

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El Lababidy, S., N. Bose, P. Liu, and F. Di Felice. "Detailed Analysis of the Wake of a DP Thruster Emphasizing Comparison Between LDV and SPIV Techniques." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 128, no. 2 (November 4, 2005): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2185680.

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To provide experimental data on the hydrodynamic characteristics and features of dynamic positioning (DP) thrusters under variable operating conditions, wake measurements were performed on a DP thruster model using 2D laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV). These tests were performed with and without a nozzle and over a range of advance coefficient values including the bollard pull condition. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the wake at a plane equal to a distance of 0.5 diameters downstream from the thruster, at advance coefficient values of 0, 0.4, and 0.45 are presented for both the LDV and SPIV measurements showing a comparison between the results of each technique. The effect of the duct and of changes in the advance coefficient values is presented in this paper.
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Gil-Prieto, Daniel, David G. MacManus, Pavlos K. Zachos, Geoffrey Tanguy, and Kevin R. Menzies. "Convoluted Intake Distortion Measurements Using Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry." AIAA Journal 55, no. 6 (June 2017): 1878–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j055467.

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Deng, Rui, Shigang Wang, Wanzhen Luo, and Tiecheng Wu. "Experimental Study on the Influence of Bulbous Bow Form on the Velocity Field around the Bow of a Trimaran Using Towed Underwater 2D-3C SPIV." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080905.

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In this study, particle image velocimetry was applied to measure the flow field around the bow region of a trimaran with different appendages. The dimensionless axial velocity u/U in test planes 1 and 2 of the testing model was measured by using a towed underwater stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV) system. Based on the measured flow field data, the local sinkage values in test planes 1 and 2 of the testing model with different appendages at speeds of 1.766 and 2.943 m/s were presented. In addition, the effects of speed, bulbous bow type, T foils, and bow wave on the axial velocity u/U were studied in detail. The acquired experimental data help in understanding the distribution of the flow field around the ship bow, and the data can also act as a reference to verify computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV)"

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Eichler, Thomas S. [Verfasser], and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Kraume. "Vergleich der "Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry" (SPIV) mit rückgeführten Messverfahren und Untersuchung definiert gestörter Strömungszustände in geschlossenen Rohrleitungen / Thomas S. Eichler. Betreuer: Matthias Kraume." Berlin : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Berlin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1031280162/34.

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Merlo, Nazim. "Caractérisation expérimentale d’une flamme turbulente non prémélangée swirlée : effet de l’enrichissement en oxygène." Thesis, Orléans, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ORLE2058/document.

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Cette thèse est une contribution à l’étude des flammes de méthane turbulentes non prémélangées en rotation, dites swirlées, avec ou sans enrichissement en oxygène de l’oxydant. L’étude se focalise sur la stabilité de la flamme, les émissions polluantes et la dynamique du jet en non réactif et réactif. Notre dispositif expérimental se compose d’un brûleur à swirler coaxial avec injection radiale de méthane au voisinage de la sortie du brûleur. Ce dernier est confiné dans une chambre de combustion. La teneur en oxygène dans l’oxydant, le nombre de swirl géométrique et la richesse globale à l’injection sont les principaux paramètres qui peuvent être précisément contrôlés. La stabilité de la flamme est caractérisée par chimiluminescence OH*. Les émissions polluantes sont mesurées par des analyseurs en ligne via un prélèvement dans les gaz brûlés. La dynamique du jet est caractérisée principalement par PIV stéréoscopique dans un plan longitudinal et plusieurs plans transverses. La diffusion du méthane dans le jet swirlé est abordée qualitativement par fluorescence induite par laser de l’acétone dans un plan. À ce jour, peu de travaux portent sur la caractérisation notamment dynamique de ces flammes swirlées avec enrichissement en O2. La mise en rotation du jet est à l’origine d’une zone de recirculation centrale qui favorise la stabilisation de la flamme en régime pauvre et à grand nombre de Reynolds. L’étude des émissions polluantes montre que les régimes de combustion à l’air pour lesquels la flamme est liftée stable sont aussi ceux qui produisent du CO et du CH4 résiduel en des quantités non négligeables. L’enrichissement en oxygène permet alors de convertir les imbrûlés et ce pour de faibles enrichissements tout en améliorant la stabilité de flamme via une diminution de la hauteur d’accrochage et des fluctuations associées comme le confirment de précédentes études. L’augmentation des NOx par la voie thermique a été quantifiée pour des enrichissements en oxygène inférieurs à 30 % vol. L’étude systématique en non réactif et réactif apporte des détails sur la topologie tridimensionnelle du jet swirlé suivant les paramètres de l’étude. L’étude de la décroissance des vitesses et de la décroissance du nombre de swirl dans la direction de l’écoulement permetde mettre en évidence l’effet de la flamme sur le jet swirlé. Un couplage entre l’évolution du taux d’entraînement par la recirculation externe et les émissions polluantes est mis en évidence pour expliquer l’évolution des NOx suivant la richesse globale à l’injection. Nous avons proposé une modélisation des écoulements swirlés qui repose sur les écoulements à vorticité hélicoïdale afin d’identifier les caractéristiques principales des structures hélicoïdales au sein de l’écoulement
This thesis is a contribution to the study of turbulent non-premixed swirling methane flames with or without oxygen addition in the oxidizer. The study deals with the flame stability, the pollutant emissions and the jet dynamic behaviour in non-reacting and reacting conditions. The burner, operating in a combustion chamber, consists of two concentric tubes with a swirler placed in an annular arrangement, which supplied the oxidant flow (air or oxygen-enriched air). The central pipe delivers fuel (methane) radially just below the burner exit plane. The oxygen content in the oxidizer, the geometric swirl number and the global equivalence ratio are the main parameters, which can be precisely set. OH* chemiluminescence imaging is used to characterize flame stability. Multi-gas analyzers are used to measure pollutant emissions in the exhaust gas. The flow is characterized using stereoscopic PIV measurements in different longitudinal and transverse planes. A qualitative study dealing with the methane diffusion imaging is also conducted by use of acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence. Up to now only few studies have examined the dynamic behavior of this type of swirled flames with oxygen addition. Introducing swirl allows creating a central recirculation zone which favors lean flame stabilization at higher Reynolds numbers. The mapping of the combustion regimes combined with the pollutant emission results show that the stable lifted flames are related to high CO and residual CH4 emission levels in the exhaust gas. Oxygen addition, even by a few percent, allows improving CO and unburned hydrocarbons conversion and increasing flame stability at the same time via a decrease of liftoff heights and the related fluctuations. The NOx emissions increase via the thermal pathway with increasing the oxygen-enrichment rate up to 30 % vol. A comparative study in non-reacting and reacting conditions is conducted to give insight into the tridimensional flow field topology varying the above-mentioned parameters. Mean streamwise velocity and swirl number decay rates show the flame effects on the flow dynamics. A coupling mechanism between the entrainment rate of the surroundings via the external recirculation and the pollutant emissions is proposed to explain the NOx emission trend with the global equivalence ratio. A model is also proposed based on the helical vortices to identify the main features of helix structures in the jet in non-reacting and reacting conditions
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Fu, Shan. "The application of the stereo vision methodology to particle image velocimetry." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1319.

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Wilson, Spencer (Spencer Ryan). "Visualizing internal wave generation by finite cylinder oscillations using stereo particle image velocimetry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98750.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 43).
This thesis investigates internal wave generation in a stratified fluid by means of an oscillating cylinder. We observe the consequences of boundary effects by the production of an out-of-plane velocity field as the cylinder span is decreased. Four cylinders are used. Stereoscopic PIV is utilized for flow visualization and velocity field quantification of the three-dimensional internal wave field evolution. This data is analyzed to determine a relationship between the generation source span as a function of out of plane velocity components in the resultant wave field. As the span of the cylinder is systematically decreased, we observe the evolution of the wave field towards three-dimensionality. To better understand the nature of these boundary effects, a horizontal cylinder is imaged at four location along its length. A tilted cylinder is imaged at its end for two forcing frequencies. These experiments allow a qualitative grounding in the production of wave cones from finite cylindrical generation sources.
by Spencer Wilson.
S.B.
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Schröder, Andreas. "Untersuchung der Strukturen von künstlich angeregten transitionellen Plattengrenzschichtströmungen mit Hilfe der stereo und multiplane particle image velocimetry." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963801538.

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Lance, Blake W. "Using Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry to Quantify and Optimize Mixing in an Algae Raceway Using Delta Wings." DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1353.

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Of the potential feedstocks for biofuels, microalgae is the most promising, and raceway ponds are the most cost-effective method for growing mircoalgal biomass. Nevertheless, biofuel production from algae must be more efficient to be competitive with traditional fuels. Previous studies using arrays of airfoils, triangles, and squares at high angles of attack show an increase in mixing in raceways and can improve productivity by up to a factor of 2.2. Some researchers say increasing mixing increases growth due to the flashing light effect while others claim it is the decrease in the fluid boundary layer of the cells that increases mass transfer. Whatever the reason, increasing growth by increasing mixing is a repeatable effect that is desirable to both reduce operation costs and increase production. An experimental raceway is constructed to test the effect of a delta wing (DW) on raceway hydraulics in the laboratory using fresh-water. The DW is an isosceles triangle made of plate material that is placed at a high angle of attack in the circulating raceway flow. Results from this investigation can be scaled to larger growth facilities use arrays of DWs. Two vortices are found downstream of the DW when used in this way and create significant vertical fluid circulation. Stereo particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to quantify and optimize the use of delta wings as a means to increase fluid mixing. Stereo PIV gives three components of velocity in a measurement plane at an instant. Three studies are performed to determine the optimal paddle-wheel speed, angle of attack, and DW spacing in the raceway based on mixing. Two new mixing quantities are defined. The first is the Vertical Mixing Index (VMI) that is based on the vertical velocity magnitude, and the second is the Cycle Time required for an algal cell to complete a cycle from the bottom to the top and back again in the raceway. The power required to circulate the flow is considered in all results. The Paddle-wheel Speed Study shows that the VMI is not a function of streamwise velocity, which makes it very useful for comparison. The Cycle Time decreases quickly with streamwise velocity then levels out, revealing a practical speed for operation that is lower than typically used and consumes only half the power. The angle of 40° is optimal from the results of the Angle of Attack Study for both VMI and Cycle Time. The third study is the Vortex Dissipation Study and is used to measure the distance downstream before the vortices dissipate. This information is used to optimize the DW spacing for profit considering the additional costs of adding DWs.
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Bossard, Jonathan. "Caractérisation expérimentale du décrochage dynamique dans les hydroliennes à flux transverse par la méthode PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry). Comparaison avec les résultats issus des simulations numériques." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00848242.

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Cette thèse de doctorat a été réalisée dans le cadre du projet HARVEST, programme de recherche initié en 2001 au LEGI et consacré au développement d'un nouveau concept d'hydrolienne à axe vertical inspiré des turbines Darrieus pour la récupération de l'énergie cinétique des courants marins et fluviaux. Ce travail s'est focalisé sur la mise en place d'un moyen de mesure par Vélocimétrie par Image de Particules deux dimensions - deux composantes (2D-2C) et deux dimensions - trois composantes (2D-3C). L'objectif est d'une part de constituer une base de données expérimentale pour la validation locale des simulations numériques RANS 2D et 3D menées dans le cadre de travaux précédents, et d'autre part d'améliorer la compréhension des phénomènes hydrodynamiques instationnaires rencontrés dans ces machines et en particulier du décrochage dynamique. La confrontation des mesures expérimentales et des simulations a notamment permis de mettre en évidence les points forts et les limites des modèles numériques dans les différents régimes de fonctionnement de la machine.
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Klinge, Falk. "Vermessung von Wirbeln mit der Hintergrundschlieren-Methode Untersuchung der räumlichen Position und Stärke des kompressiblen Tragflächenspitzenwirbels des Aussenflügels eines Transportflugzeuges mit einer stereoskopischen Hintergrundschlieren-Methode und der Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969718519.

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Veley, Emma Michelle. "Measurement of Unsteady Characteristics of Endwall Vortices Using Surface-Mounted Hot-Film Sensors." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1534450563500249.

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Bear, Philip Steven. "On the Experimental Evaluation of Loss Production and Reduction in a Highly Loaded Low Pressure Turbine Cascade." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright148464084439115.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV)"

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Raffel, Markus, Christian E. Willert, Fulvio Scarano, Christian J. Kähler, Steven T. Wereley, and Jürgen Kompenhans. "Applications: Stereo PIV and Multiplane Stereo PIV." In Particle Image Velocimetry, 585–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68852-7_17.

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Brücker, C. "3-D Measurements of Bubble Motion and Wake Structure in Two-Phase Flows Using 3-D Scanning Particle-Image-Velocimetry (3-D SPIV) and Stereo-Imaging." In Laser Techniques Applied to Fluid Mechanics, 621–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56963-0_40.

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Lobera, J., M. P. Arroyo, N. Perenne, and M. Stanislas. "Comparison Between PIV & ESPI and Stereo PIV on the Measurement of 3-C Velocity Fields." In Particle Image Velocimetry: Recent Improvements, 351–61. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18795-7_25.

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Guezennec, Yann G., Zhao Yang, and Thomas J. Gieseke. "High-Speed 3-D Scanning Particle Image Velocimetry (3-D SPIV) Technique." In Developments in Laser Techniques and Applications to Fluid Mechanics, 392–407. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79965-5_26.

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Kähler, C. J., M. Stanislas, T. Dewhirst, and J. Carlier. "Investigation of the spatio-temporal flow structure in the log-law region of a turbulent boundary layer by means of multi-plane stereo particle image velocimetry." In Laser Techniques for Fluid Mechanics, 39–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08263-8_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV)"

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Grant, David J., Ali Etebari, and Paisan Atsavapranee. "Experimental Investigation of Roll and Heave Excitation and Damping in Beam Wave Fields." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29318.

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This paper will discuss a systematic series of model tests performed at NSWCCD on a conventional combatant hull form at varying Froude numbers, beam wave steepness, and beam wave frequencies near the natural roll frequency of the model. The model was free in roll and heave while constrained in the remaining four degrees of freedom. The model was fully appended, yielding lateral force on the bilge keels, lift, drag and torque on the rudders and all six force and moment components on the propellers. Stereo particle-image velocimetry (SPIV) measurement was used to study the three-dimensional unsteady flow patterns around the bilge keels at the model LCG. Model motion results were analyzed with respect to the excitation waves to yield normalized heave and roll amplitudes and phase angles. Force and moment results were analyzed to yield individual appendage viscous drag and added mass coefficients which were in turn used to extend and refine previous theoretical models to include the effects of beam seas. SPIV results were compiled and analyzed to provide a verification and validation dataset for CFD computations.
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Ramezani, Mahdi, Shankar Subramaniam, and Michael G. Olsen. "Investigation of Pseudo Turbulent Scalar Transport in Two Phase Fluid Flow and Passive Scalar Mixing Using Simultaneous SPIV/PLIF." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-22128.

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The presented work is focused on developing closure models for simulation of multiphase flow using multi-fluid models. In the two-fluid model, pseudo turbulent terms appear in both the heat transfer term in the energy equation and the mass transfer term in the species equation. These terms are often neglected due to lack of information, but recent studies show that they can indeed be significant in the simulation of the inter particle phenomena. In the present work, we experimentally investigate the importance of pseudo turbulent term in passive scalar transport. A simultaneous stereo particle image velocimetry and planar laser induced fluorescence (SPIV/PLIF) measurement of the field data for a liquid-solid flow is presented in this study. The results of this measurement are used to validate data from Particle Resolved DNS (PR-DNS) that in turn is used to develop the aforementioned closure models. In this work, results for a single sphere are presented for Reynolds number ranging from 50 to 150. In addition, results for arrays of spheres representing volume fractions of 0.1 and 0.2 are presented for the same range of Reynolds number.
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Tachibana, Rintarou, and Takayuki Saito. "A Relationship Between the Motion of a Zigzagging Bubble and its Surrounding Liquid Motion." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-11010.

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In the present study, a mechanism of zigzagging bubble motion was experimentally and quantitatively investigated. We focused on a relationship between the bubble motion (gravity-center motion and surface motion) and its surrounding liquid motion. We visualized the bubble motion and its surrounding liquid motion simultaneously using IST (Infrared Shadow Technique) and SPIV (Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry). The interrogation areas were located just above a needle (just after bubble launch) to the first inversion of the zigzagging trajectory (transition from the linear to the zigzag). First, the bubble trajectory, the surface motion and the bubble inclination angle of major axis were obtained from the IST images. Second, the pseudo-3D motions (2D-3C velocity fields) of the surrounding liquid were calculated from the SPIV results. Based on the velocity data, we calculated the surrounding pressure field around the bubble by solving simplified Navier-Stokes Equation. Finally, from these results, we quantitatively discuss the close relationship between the bubble motion and its surrounding liquid motion. In particular, we discuss the mechanism of the zigzagging motion. At the inversion point, the shape deformation of the bubble and the fluctuation of the surrounding liquid motion show distinctive behavior. We tentatively consider that the zigzagging motion is caused by the periodical fluctuation of the bubble deformation (the surface motion and the inclination angle of major axis) and the surrounding liquid motion; i.e. the asymmetry of the surrounding liquid (velocity and pressure) induced by the bubble surface oscillation characterizes the zigzag motion.
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Čantrak, Đorđe S., Novica Janković, and Milan R. Lečić. "Laser Insight Into the Turbulent Swirl Flow Behind the Axial Flow Fan." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26563.

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Complex experimental study of the turbulent swirl flow behind the axial fan is reported in this paper. Axial fan with nine blades, designed to generate Rankine vortex, was positioned in the circular pipe entrance transparent section with profiled free bell mouth inlet. Two test rigs were built in order to study the turbulent swirl flow generated on the axial fan pressure side in the case of axially unrestricted and restricted swirl flows. One-component laser Doppler anemometry (LDA) and stereo particle image velocimetry (SPIV) were used in the first test rig in the measuring section 3.35D, measured from the test rig inlet. One of the latest measurement techniques, high speed SPIV (HSS PIV), was used for the measurements in the second test rig in the section 2.1D downstream the fan’s trailing edge. Achieved Reynolds numbers in the first test rig are Re = 182600 and 277020, while in the second Re = 186463. Turbulent velocity field non-homogeneity and anisotropy is revealed using the LDA system. Calculated turbulent statistical properties, such as moments of the second and higher orders, reveal complex mechanisms in turbulent swirl flow. It is shown for the used axial fan construction that swirl number has almost constant value for two various duty points generated by changing rotation number. Study of the instant and mean velocity fields obtained using SPIV discovers vortex core dynamics. Obtained percentage of the unique positions of the total velocity minimum are 10% for the first regime, while 11.5% for the second regime in the first test rig. HSS PIV experimental results have also shown the three-dimensionality and non-homogeneity of generated turbulent swirl flow. Experimentally determined and calculated invariant maps revealed three-component isotropic turbulence in the vortex core region.
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Sellan, Dhanalakshmi, Raju Murugan, and Saravanan Balusamy. "Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Turbulent Swirl Flow Structure in Double Swirler Burner." In ASME 2019 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2019-2739.

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Abstract Dynamic and kinematic characteristics of non-reactive turbulent swirl flow studies are significant for optimizing burner design, stability, and validating numerical simulations. The experiments were conducted on unconfined double swirler burner to understand the structure of non-reactive turbulent swirl flow for various inner and outer swirl Reynold’s numbers (Re). The burner is designed with double swirlers, inner and outer; both are medium swirlers with geometric swirl number of 0.8. The instantaneous 3C-2D velocity field in a plane is obtained by using Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) in backward-backward scattering position. In each case, 1000 image pairs are acquired with appropriate calibration and post-processed using cross-correlation and particle tracking technique. Turbulence parameters such as Reynolds stress and turbulence intensity as well as the velocity field of all three components are analyzed for various Re that are useful to understand the effect of turbulent mixing. Numerical study for the same cases are carried out, and experimental results are compared with numerical results. A computational domain contains 1146217 cells are generated for the 3D numerical simulation, and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach is used to predict the unsteady behavior of the flow fields. The increase in inner swirl Re increases both axial and azimuthal velocity component, which facilitate mixing in gas turbine application. The inner recirculation zone moves downstream with the rise in inner swirl Re and subsequently increasing the outer swirl Re leads to the operating condition where the blowout may occur.
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Bassler, Christopher C., Jason B. Carneal, and Paisan Atsavapranee. "Experimental Investigation of Hydrodynamic Coefficients of a Wave-Piercing Tumblehome Hull Form." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29310.

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A systematic series of calm-water forced roll model tests were performed over a range of forward speeds using an advanced tumblehome hull form (DTMB model #5613-1) to examine the mechanisms of roll damping. This experimental investigation is part of an ongoing effort to advance the capability to assess seakeeping, maneuvering, and dynamic stability characteristics of an advanced surface combatant. The experiment was performed to provide data for development and validation of a semi-empirical roll damping model for use in validation of ship motion and viscous flow simulation codes, as well as to provide a basis for future work with additional experiments, contributing to the development of an improved analytical roll damping model. Two hull configurations were tested: barehull with skeg, and bare hull with skeg and bilge keels. Measurements of forces and moments were obtained over a range of forward speeds, roll frequencies, and roll amplitudes. Stereo particle-image velocimetry (SPIV) measurments were also taken for both zero and forward speeds. Test data was used to calculate added mass/inertia and damping coefficients. Two different system modeling techniques were used. The first method modeled the system as an equivalent linearly-damped second-order harmonic oscillator with the time-varying total stiffness coefficient considered linear. The second technique used equivalent linear damping, including higher-order Fourier components, and a non-linear stiffness formulation. Results are shown, including plots of added inertia and damping coefficients as functions of roll frequency, roll amplitude, and forward speed and SPIV measurements. Trends from the experimental data are compared to results from traditional component roll damping formulations for conventional hull from geometries and differences are discussed.
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Shukla, Dhwanil, Nandeesh Hiremath, Sahaj Patel, and Narayanan Komerath. "Aerodynamic Interactions Study on Low-Re Coaxial and Quad-Rotor Configurations." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71005.

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Unmanned multi-rotor VTOL vehicles have recently gained importance in various applications such as videography, surveillance, search and rescue etc. suited to their small size and relatively cheap construction. Small scale UAVs struggle in providing satisfactory performance in terms of payload, range, and endurance because of higher viscosity-dominated losses, and due to yet to be understood rotor-rotor and rotor-airframe aerodynamic interactions. Viscosity dominated rotational flow field makes most potential flow methods, such as free wake model, invalid. A full N-S based approach for this problem is too expensive. Thus, a multi-rotor aerodynamic interaction study is necessary for understanding crucial phenomena, which will help in developing physics-based models which will be instrumental in multi-rotor UAV performance prediction and design optimization. In present work, a flow visualization and a high-speed stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) study is done on two low Reynolds number multi-rotor arrangements with the aim of capturing vortex-vortex, blade-vortex and vortex-duct interactions. The first arrangement is a coaxial rotor in forward flight and another is an in-plane quad-rotor with and without duct. Instantaneous and average PIV data is being presented here with some observations and corresponding interpretations.
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Furey, D., P. Atsavapranee, and K. Cipolla. "Data Analysis Methods for Stereo PIV of a High Aspect Ratio Flexible Cylinder." In ASME/JSME 2007 5th Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2007-37084.

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Stereo Particle Image velocimetry data was collected over high aspect ratio flexible cylinders (L/a = 1.5 to 3 × 105) to evaluate the axial development of the turbulent boundary layer where the boundary layer thickness becomes significantly larger than the cylinder diameter (δ/a>>1). The flexible cylinders are approximately neutrally buoyant and have an initial length of 152 m and radii of 0.45 mm and 1.25 mm. The cylinders were towed at speeds ranging from 3.8 to 15.4 m/sec in the David Taylor Model Basin. The analysis of the SPIV data required a several step procedure to evaluate the cylinder boundary flow. First, the characterization of the flow field from the towing strut is required. This evaluation provides the residual mean velocities and turbulence levels caused by the towing hardware at each speed and axial location. These values, called tare values, are necessary for comparing to the cylinder flow results. Second, the cylinder flow fields are averaged together and the averaged tare fields are subtracted out to remove strut-induced ambient flow effects. Prior to averaging, the cylinder flow fields are shifted to collocate the cylinder within the field. Since the boundary layer develops slowly, all planes of data occurring within each 10 meter increment of the cylinder length are averaged together to produce the mean boundary layer flow. Corresponding fields from multiple runs executed using the same experimental parameters are also averaged. This flow is analyzed to evaluate the level of axisymmetry in the data and determine if small changes in cylinder angle affect the mean flow development. With axisymmetry verified, the boundary flow is further averaged azimuthally around the cylinder to produce mean boundary layer profiles. Finally, the fluctuating velocity levels are evaluated for the flow with the cylinder and compared to the fluctuating velocity levels in the tare data. This paper will first discuss the data analysis techniques for the tare data and the averaging methods implemented. Second, the data analysis considerations will be presented for the cylinder data and the averaging and cylinder tracking techniques. These results are used to extract relevant boundary layer parameters including δ, δ* and θ. Combining these results with wall shear and momentum thickness values extracted from averaged cylinder drag data, the boundary layer can be well characterized.
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Harris, Jeff R., Michael McPhail, Christine Truong, and Arnold Fontaine. "Stereoscopic Particle Shadow Velocimetry." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88013.

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Stereoscopic particle image velocimetry (SPIV) is a variant of particle image velocimetry (PIV) that allows for the measurement of three components of velocity along a plane in a flow field. In PIV, particles in the flow field are tracked by reflecting laser light from tracer particles into two angled cameras, allowing for the velocity field to be determined. Particle shadow velocimetry (PSV) is an inherently less expensive velocity measurement method since the method images shadows cast by particles from an LED backlight instead of scattered light from a laser. Previous studies have shown that PSV is an adequate substitute for PIV for many two-dimensional, two-component velocimetry measurements. In this work, the viability of the two-dimensional, three-component stereoscopic particle shadow velocimetry (SPSV) is demonstrated by using SPSV to examine a simple jet flow. Results obtained using SPIV are also used to provide benchmark comparison for SPSV measurements. Results show that in-plane and out-of-plane velocities measured using SPSV are comparable to those measured using SPIV.
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10

Dai, Charles M., and Ronald W. Miller. "URANS Simulation of an Appended Hull During Steady Turn With Propeller Represented by an Actuator Disk Model." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-50136.

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This paper reports on the comparison between computational simulations and experimental measurements of a surface vessel in steady turning conditions. The primary purpose of these efforts is to support the development of physics-based high fidelity maneuvering simulation tools by providing accurate and reliable hydrodynamic data with relevance to maneuvering performances. Reynolds Averaged Unsteady Navier Stokes Solver (URANS): CFDSHIPIOWA was used to perform simulations for validation purposes and for better understanding of the fundamental flow physics of a hull under maneuvering conditions. The Propeller effects were simulated using the actuator disk model included in CFDShip-Iowa. The actuator disk model prescribes a circumferential averaged body force with axial and tangential components. No propeller generated side forces are accounted for in the model. This paper examines the effects of actuator disk model on the overall fidelity of a RANS based ship maneuvering simulations. Both experiments and simulations provide physical insights into the complex flow interactions between the hull and various appendages, the rudders and the propellers. The experimental effort consists of flow field measurements using Stereo Particle-Image Velocimetry (SPIV) in the stern region of the model and force and moment measurements on the whole ship and on ship components such as the bilge keels, the rudders, and the propellers. Comparisons between simulations and experimental measurements were made for velocity distributions at different transverse planes along the ship axis and different forces components for hull, appendages and rudders. The actuator disk model does not predict any propeller generated side forces in the code and they need to be taken into account when comparing hull and appendages generated side forces in the simulations. The simulations were compared with experimental results and they both demonstrate the cross flow effect on the transverse forces and the propeller slip streams generated by the propellers during steady turning conditions. The hull forces (include hull, bilge keels, skeg, shafting and strut) predictions were better for large turning circle case as compared with smaller turning circle. Despite flow field simulations appear to capture gross flow features qualitatively; detailed examinations of flow distributions reveal discrepancies in predictions of propeller wake locations and secondary flow structures. The qualitative comparisons for the rudders forces also reveal large discrepancies and it was shown that the primary cause of discrepancies is due to poor predictions of velocity inflow at the rudder plane.
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