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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Stereophotogrammetry

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Academic literature on the topic 'Stereophotogrammetry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 January 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Stereophotogrammetry"

1

Selvik, GÖRan. "Roentgen stereophotogrammetry." Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica 60, sup232 (January 1989): 1–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17453678909154184.

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2

Brookshire, Greg, Morton Nadler, and Choon Lee. "Automated stereophotogrammetry." Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing 52, no. 2 (November 1990): 276–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0734-189x(90)90059-5.

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Brookshire, Greg, Morton Nadler, and Choon Lee. "Automated stereophotogrammetry." Computer Vision, Graphics, and Image Processing 52, no. 1 (October 1990): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0734-189x(90)90131-e.

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Dindaroğlu, Furkan, Pınar Kutlu, Gökhan Serhat Duran, Serkan Görgülü, and Erhan Aslan. "Accuracy and reliability of 3D stereophotogrammetry: A comparison to direct anthropometry and 2D photogrammetry." Angle Orthodontist 86, no. 3 (May 1, 2016): 487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/041415-244.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry by comparing it with the direct anthropometry and digital photogrammetry methods. The reliability of 3D stereophotogrammetry was also examined. Materials and Methods: Six profile and four frontal parameters were directly measured on the faces of 80 participants. The same measurements were repeated using two-dimensional (2D) photogrammetry and 3D stereophotogrammetry (3dMDflex System, 3dMD, Atlanta, Ga) to obtain images of the subjects. Another observer made the same measurements for images obtained with 3D stereophotogrammetry, and interobserver reproducibility was evaluated for 3D images. Both observers remeasured the 3D images 1 month later, and intraobserver reproducibility was evaluated. Statistical analysis was conducted using the paired samples t-test, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman limits of agreement. Results: The highest mean difference was 0.30 mm between direct measurement and photogrammetry, 0.21 mm between direct measurement and 3D stereophotogrammetry, and 0.5 mm between photogrammetry and 3D stereophotogrammetry. The lowest agreement value was 0.965 in the Sn-Pro parameter between the photogrammetry and 3D stereophotogrammetry methods. Agreement between the two observers varied from 0.90 (Ch-Ch) to 0.99 (Sn-Me) in linear measurements. For intraobserver agreement, the highest difference between means was 0.33 for observer 1 and 1.42 mm for observer 2. Conclusions: Measurements obtained using 3D stereophotogrammetry indicate that it may be an accurate and reliable imaging method for use in orthodontics.

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Lee, Juhun, Manas Kawale, Fatima A. Merchant, June Weston, Michelle C. Fingeret, Dianne Ladewig, Gregory P. Reece, Melissa A. Crosby, Elisabeth K. Beahm, and Mia K. Markey. "Validation of Stereophotogrammetry of the Human Torso." Breast Cancer: Basic and Clinical Research 5 (January 2011): BCBCR.S6352. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bcbcr.s6352.

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The objective of this study was to determine if measurements of breast morphology computed from three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry are equivalent to traditional anthropometric measurements obtained directly on a subject using a tape measure. 3D torso images of 23 women ranged in age from 36 to 63 who underwent or were scheduled for breast reconstruction surgery were obtained using a 3dMD torso system (3Q Technologies Inc., Atlanta, GA). Two different types (contoured and line-of-sight distances) of a total of nine distances were computed from 3D images of each participant. Each participant was photographed twice, first without fiducial points marked (referred to as unmarked image) and second with fiducial points marked prior to imaging (referred to as marked image). Stereophotogrammetry was compared to traditional direct anthropometry, in which measurements were taken with a tape measure on participants. Three statistical analyses were used to evaluate the agreement between stereophotogrammetry and direct anthropometry. Seven out of nine distances showed excellent agreement between stereophotogrammetry and direct anthropometry (both marked and unmarked images). In addition, stereophotogrammetry from the unmarked image was equivalent to that of the marked image (both line-of-sight and contoured distances). A lower level of agreement was observed for some measures because of difficulty in localizing more vaguely defined fiducial points, such as lowest visible point of breast mound, and inability of the imaging system in capturing areas obscured by the breast, such as the inframammary fold. Stereophotogrammetry from 3D images obtained from the 3dMD torso system is effective for quantifying breast morphology. Tools for surgical planning and evaluation based on stereophotogrammetry have the potential to improve breast surgery outcomes.

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Alademomi, A. S., O. A. Jimoh, E. E. Atojunere, A. O. Alabi, S. A. Ishola, I. V. Ayantayo-Ojo, T. J. Salami, and J. O. Odumosu. "Evaluation of building deformation monitoring using stereophotogrammetry method and Kalman filter model." Nigerian Journal of Technology 43, no. 2 (July 19, 2024): 232–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v43i2.5.

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This research investigates building deformation monitoring using stereophotogrammetry and integrating the Kalman filter to refine the result with conventional geodetic measurements being the baseline. By refining stereophotogrammetric coordinates with the Kalman filter, the study aims to improve measurement precision in the detection of displacement which is a measure of differences in converted stereo-coordinates obtained from the observed points over time. The refined coordinates exhibited higher accuracy compared to raw stereophotogrammetric measurements, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed approach in reducing observational errors and relatively detected and quantified building deformations with an average rate of displacement of 0.025978169 m/epoch in the x-axis, 0.030498323 m/epoch in the y-axis, and 0.014078842 m/epoch in the z-direction, and a range of 0.000155 m/epoch to 0.593497 m/epoch. Points P03 (0.008 m/epoch), PH04 (0.021 m/epoch), and PH22 (0.037 m/epoch) on the monitored building indicated the highest displacement. This research contributes to the field of knowledge in the area of deformation monitoring by offering an innovative methodology for accurate assessment of building deformation. In the overview, this research demonstrates the potential of a simple, efficient, and cost-effective method of monitoring deformation that can ensure the safety and sustainability of engineering structures.

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Stekelenburg, Carlijn M., Martijn B. A. van der Wal, Dirk L. Knol, Henrica C. W. de Vet, and Paul P. M. van Zuijlen. "Three-Dimensional Digital Stereophotogrammetry." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 132, no. 1 (July 2013): 204–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/prs.0b013e318290f675.

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Öktem, Rusen, Prabhat, James Lee, Aaron Thomas, Paquita Zuidema, and David M. Romps. "Stereophotogrammetry of Oceanic Clouds." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 31, no. 7 (July 2014): 1482–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-13-00224.1.

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This study extends ground-based stereophotogrammetry of clouds to oceanic settings, where there are often none of the landmarks used in traditional camera calibration. This paper introduces a zero-landmark calibration technique and tests it with two off-the-shelf digital cameras situated about 1 km apart facing Biscayne Bay in Miami, Florida. The precision of the stereo reconstruction is studied theoretically, and the accuracy of the reconstructions is validated against lidar and radiosondes. The stereo cameras are able to accurately reconstruct a histogram of cloud-base heights from a single-image pair, a task that requires tens of minutes of observation from a cloud lidar. The stereo cameras are also able to accurately reconstruct horizontal winds in cloud layers with a temporal resolution in the range of 30 s to 5 min, compared to once every 12 h for a typical radiosonde launch site.

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Deste Gökay, Gonca, Pelin Özkan, Rukiye Durkan, and Perihan Oyar. "Measurements of surface scale changes in different denture base materials by stereophotogrammetric technique." Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 15, no. 1 (February 13, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/joddd.2021.001.

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Background. This study aimed to evaluate the surface scale changes in the denture base material using different polymerization techniques, such as heat-cure/pressure polymerization system and injection molding technique with the stereophotogrammetric technique. The function of a complete denture is related to the adaptation of its base to the supporting areas. Proper adaptation of the base depends on the stability and retention of dentures. The surface scale changes of dentures during processing and in service are of great importance since they affect the denture base material’s fit. Methods. This study focused on the use of a computer-assisted stereophotogrammetric method for measuring changes in the volume of three different denture base resins of an edentulous maxillary ridge. A stone master model simulating the shape of an edentulous maxillary arch was used to prepare three groups of denture base resins. The stereophotographs were evaluated to determine the surface scale differences of maxillary jaws. Results. The results showed no significant differences between the denture borders for three denture base materials (P > 0.05). Conclusion. In the evaluation made using this technique, no significant difference was found in the different polymerization techniques in terms of surface scale changes for three denture base materials. Stereophotogrammetry, especially the digital stereophotogrammetric technique, has several useful research applications in prosthodontics.

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Quinzi, Vincenzo, Alessandro Polizzi, Vincenzo Ronsivalle, Simona Santonocito, Cristina Conforte, Rebecca Jewel Manenti, Gaetano Isola, and Antonino Lo Giudice. "Facial Scanning Accuracy with Stereophotogrammetry and Smartphone Technology in Children: A Systematic Review." Children 9, no. 9 (September 14, 2022): 1390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children9091390.

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The aim of the study was to systematically review and compare the accuracy of smartphone scanners versus stereophotogrammetry technology for facial digitization in children. A systematic literature search strategy of articles published from 1 January 2010 to 30 August 2022 was adopted through a combination of Mesh terms and free text words pooled through boolean operators on the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and OpenGrey. Twenty-three articles met the inclusion criteria. Stationary stereophotogrammetry devices showed a mean accuracy that ranged from 0.087 to 0.860 mm, portable stereophotogrammetry scanners from 0.150 to 0.849 mm, and smartphones from 0.460 to 1.400 mm. Regarding the risk of bias assessment, fourteen papers showed an overall low risk, three articles had unclear risk and four articles had high risk. Although smartphones showed less performance on deep and irregular surfaces, all the analyzed devices were sufficiently accurate for clinical application. Internal depth-sensing cameras or external infrared structured-light depth-sensing cameras plugged into smartphones/tablets increased the accuracy. These devices are portable and inexpensive but require greater operator experience and patient compliance for the incremented time of acquisition. Stationary stereophotogrammetry is the gold standard for greater accuracy and shorter acquisition time, avoiding motion artifacts.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Stereophotogrammetry"

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Murphy, Norman. "Ankle and subtalar joint kinematic description using stereophotogrammetry." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61674.

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Henry, Robert Stuart. "Artefact detection and measurement of surface change in stereophotogrammetry Data." Thesis, Ulster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.646848.

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The diagnosis and treatment planning of disease may require image data acquisition using a range of 3D medical imaging modalities. These modalities include computed tomography, magnetic resonance, single photon emission computed tomography and positron-emission tomography. In combining images from such modalities, clinicians are provided with aligned data sets that have structural and functional information from within the body. However, no external textural data of the body surface (skin, wounds, and surface disease) is collected. Stereophotogrammetry can produce high resolution topographical surfaces with texture information and is becoming more readily available in the clinical environment. Combining stereophotogrammetry surface data with conventional 3D medical imaging data has the potential to allow improved visualisation of the 3D image data and to provide information on how surface data relates to the patient's internal anatomy. Medical image data is prone to outliers and artefacts due to physical limitations of the modalities involved and patient specific characteristics. To combine a variety of image data into a universal co-ordinate frame an image registration method is required. Outlier-robust registration is required due to the presence of artefacts and noise within the surfaces and images. A range of registration methods are evaluated using phantom test objects in the presence of outliers, simulated as noise, to determine the performance of the registration algorithms. A novel automated method is proposed to identify and examine artefacts at the surface edge of stereophotogrammetry data, using previously acquired registered volumetric image data as a reference. The largest stereophotogrammetry artefacts are observed at the surface edge and have a negative impact on the registration accuracy. Identification and removal of these surface edge artefacts is investigated using novel automated cleansing algorithms. The proposed cleansing methods are evaluated using quantitative and qualitative measures to assess the level of success for the implemented approaches. Results are presented in which stereophotogrammetry surface accuracy can be increased whilst ensuring that the surface is suitable for visualisation. Surface change can potentially indicate underlying anatomical change due to patient growth or disease. An automated algorithm is proposed to identify and measure regions of surface change in phantom stereophotogrammetry surfaces. These surface change regions are identified using information obtained from the registration of the stereophotogrammetry surfaces and the corresponding volumetric image. The preliminary results indicate that the proposed method can be used to locate and measure regions of surface change over time in stereophotogrammetry data.

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Henseler, Helga. "Three-dimensional breast assessment by multiple stereophotogrammetry after breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi flap." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2011. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2981/.

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Introduction: Numerous methods exist for the assessment of the female breast. Traditionally, a subjective approach was taken for surgical planning and evaluation of the postoperative outcome. Several objective methods have been developed to support this procedure, among which are laser scanning, MRI, mammography, ultrasound and photography. Recently, 3D imaging technology has been developed. Material & Method: 3D breast assessment by multiple stereophotogrammetry was examined. A custom-made imaging system with eight digital cameras arranged in four camera pods was utilised. This system was used for breast capture, resulting in eight images obtained by the cameras. The merging of these images and 3D image construction was carried out by C3D software and the volume assessment of the 3D images was made using breast analysis tool (BAT) software, developed by Glasgow University. A validation study was conducted. Nine plaster models were investigated and their volume determined by 3D stereophotogrammetry and water displacement method. Water displacement was considered to be the gold standard for comparison. The plaster models were specially made in order to represent a variety of shapes and sizes of the female breast. Each plaster model was examined 10 times by each method. Further, the volumes of the breasts of six female volunteer live models were investigated by the same two methods and the results compared. A special focus was placed on the reproducibility of the assessment. Each live model was captured with the 3D capture system three times at two different time points after retaking a special pose in a custom-made positioning frame. Altogether, each live model was captured six times, resulting in six 3D images, each of which was measured three times with BAT software. A patient study was conducted in 44 patients after unilateral immediate breast reconstruction with Latissimus dorsi flap and no contra-lateral surgery. Each patient underwent 3D imaging with the multiple stereophotogrammetry system. During capture, the special pose in the custom-made positioning frame was taken by the patient’s leaning forward almost horizontally with the upper body for the breasts to rise off the chest wall to enable full breast coverage by the cameras. 3D images were constructed with C3D software and volumes measured with BAT. For each patient, one 3D image was constructed and measured four times with BAT software. In addition to the volume determination, a shape analysis was conducted. For this purpose, 10 landmarks were determined according to recommendations in the literature. Two landmarks, sternal notch and xiphoid, were marked, forming an imaginary midline between each other and four landmarks on each breast, i.e. the medial and lateral ends of the infra-mammary fold, and the most prominent and most inferior breast points were utilised for symmetry assessment between the right and left breasts. Each landmark was recorded four times by the operator on the 3D image and three-dimensional coordinates obtained. By assessment of the left and right breasts a breast asymmetry score was calculated. Firstly, breast asymmetry was assessed objectively on the 3D images through the centroid size, which was determined as the square root of the sum of squared Euclidian distances from each landmark to the centroid. The centroid was the geometric mean of the landmarks. Secondly, asymmetry was assessed through breast volume by application of BAT software. Thirdly, asymmetry was examined through the landmarks themselves by investigation of the mismatch of the landmark configuration of one breast and its relabelled and matched reflection. The non-operated and reconstructed sides were compared and landmarks were recorded by the operator in three dimensions in four repeated tests. A decomposition of the total landmark asymmetry into its factors was conducted by fixation of the surface of the non-operated side and translation, rotation and scaling of the surface of the reconstructed side. For comparison, a subjective breast assessment was conducted by six expert observers who rated the results after breast reconstruction by subjective qualitative assessment of the symmetry in 2D images of the same 44 patients in six poses. For this purpose the Harris scale was utilised, providing a score of 1 to 4 for poor to excellent symmetry. Results: The results revealed that differences in the obtained volumes in the plaster models were not significant. In contrast, differences in the breast volumes measured in the live models were significant. The examination of the reproducibility revealed that overall reproducibility obtained by stereophotogrammetry was better than that obtained by water displacement. No correlation between breast size and reproducibility of the measurements was found. The results of the patient study demonstrated that the reproducibility of the landmarks was within 5 mm. There was a non-significant difference of the centroid sizes between both breasts. There was a significant difference of the volumes between the two breasts, with the non-operated side being larger than the reconstructed side. Volume was considered to be a more accurate measure for comparison of both breasts than centroid size as it was based on thousands of data points for the calculation as opposed to only four points of the centroid size. The statistical analysis of the landmark data provided a mathematical formula for determination of the breast asymmetry score. The average asymmetry score, derived by landmark assessment as the degree of mismatch between both sides, was 0.052 with scores ranging from 0.019 (lowest score) to 0.136 (highest score). The decomposition of the landmark-based asymmetry revealed that location was the most important factor contributing to breast asymmetry, ahead of intrinsic breast asymmetry, orientation and scale. When investigating the subjective assessment, the inter-observer agreement was good or substantial. There was moderate agreement on the controls and fair to substantial intra-observer agreement. When comparing the objective and subjective assessments, it was found that the relationship between the two scores was highly significant. Conclusion: We concluded that 3D breast assessment by multiple stereophotogrammetry was reliable for a comparative analysis and provided objective data to breast volume, shape and symmetry. A breast asymmetry score was developed, enabling an objective measurement of breast asymmetry after breast reconstruction. 3D breast assessment served as an objective method for comparison to subjective breast assessment.

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Junior, Alvaro Augusto Junqueira. "Análise antropométrica facial de um grupo de adultos jovens brasileiros saudáveis por meio da técnica da estereofotogrametria: estudo piloto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58133/tde-07022014-135551/.

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A face humana apresenta características próprias de acordo com a oclusão dentária, harmonia facial, musculatura orofacial, além do formato e configuração das estruturas craniofaciais. Tradicionalmente, medidas antropométricas têm sido adquiridas através de medições diretas de um sujeito em ambiente clínico, utilizando-se de compassos e fita métrica para medir distâncias ou arcos entre pontos de referência. Com o avanço científico e tecnológico, os dados anteriormente analógicos passaram então a ser digitais. Isto abriu a possibilidade de aquisição rápida, precisa e sem radiação, com suas informações sendo simultaneamente arquivadas para análises futuras e podendo ser compartilhadas facilmente com pacientes e colegas. Dentre as novas modalidades de análise facial a técnica da estereofotogrametria tem se destacado, onde um grupo de câmeras de captura rápida fotografam o sujeito a partir de múltiplos ângulos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi analisar o perfil facial de um grupo de jovens adultos brasileiros assintomáticos para Disfunções Temporomandibulares (DTMs), com idade entre 18 e 30 anos através da técnica da estereofotogrametria, definindo características faciais comuns a este grupo, criar um banco de dados de mensurações faciais de uma parcela da população brasileira adulta jovem saudável para uso em futuros estudos complementares e testar a precisão e repetibilidade do aparelho Vectra M3®. Participaram do estudo 60 brasileiros adultos jovens sem DTM, sendo 30 homens (GH) e 30 mulheres (GM). O diagnóstico da DTM foi realizado com o Research Diagnostic Criteria For Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Após avaliação Odontológica inicial, foram realizadas marcações craniométricas transitórias em tecido mole e estes sujeitos foram submetidos à aquisição de imagens pela técnica da estereofotogrametria. Trinta e um pontos de referência (landmarks) foram utilizadas para realizar as medidas (em mm) de 42 distâncias. A repetibilidade do aparelho foi testada em 20% da amostra (12 sujeitos), não havendo diferença estatisticamente significante (p>0,05) em nenhuma das 42 distâncias entre a primeira e a segunda aquisição. Os resultados obtidos possibilitaram a criação de um banco de dados de mensurações faciais de uma parcela população brasileira jovem saudável. As distâncias Tr-N, N-Sn, Tr-G, Ls-Sto, Sto-Li, En[r]-En[l] e Prn-Sn não mostraram-se estatisticamente diferentes entre os grupos GH e GM, sendo que as outras 35 medidas apresentaram-se significantemente maiores no grupo GH. O aparelho de estereofotogrametria Vectra M3® mostrou alto grau de precisão e repetibilidade.
The human face presents characteristics according to dental occlusion, facial harmony, orofacial musculature, besides the format and configuration of craniofacial structures. Traditionally, anthropometric measurements have been acquired through direct measurements of a subject inside clinical environment, using calipers and metric tapes to measure distance between arches and landmarks. Along with scientific breakthrough, the data, used to be analogic, became digital. It opened the possibility of quick, precise and radiation-free acquisitions, with its details being simultaneously archived for future analysis and being able to be easily shared with patients and colleagues. Among new facial analysis methods the stereophotogrammetry technique has emerged, where a group of cameras with fast acquisition take photographs of the subject from multiple angles. The aim of this work was analyze the anthropometric profile of a group consisted of young Brazilian adults without symptoms of Temporomandibular Disorders (TMDs), aged between 18 and 30 years old, defining facial characteristics that are common to them, create a database of facial measurements for a portion of a young healthy Brazilian population to be used in future works and test the precision and repeatability of the Vectra M3® equipment. 60 young adult Brazilians without TMD participated in this study, 30 males and 30 females. The TMD diagnose was accomplished with the Research Diagnostic Criteria For Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). After early Odontological exam, temporary craniometrical landmarks were performed in soft tissue and those subjects underwent to imaging acquisition by the stereophotogrammetry technique. 31 landmarks were used to make the measurements (in mm) of 42 distances. The equipment repeatability was tested in 20% of the sample (12 subjects), not having statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in none of the 42 distances between first and second acquisitions. The obtained results allowed the creation of a database containing facial distances of a portion of a young healthy Brazilian population. The distances Tr-N, N-Sn, Tr-G, Ls-Sto, Sto-Li, En[r]-En[l] e Prn-Sn didn\'t show statistical difference between the group GH and GM, while the other 35 distances were significantly greater in GH. The equipment Vectra M3® showed a high level of precision and repeatability.

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Cousins, Michael. "An investigation into the use of stereophotogrammetry for the analysis of craniofacial dysmorphology in schizophrenia." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15467.

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Studies of craniofacial dysmorphology in schizophrenia, carried out since the 1960s, have reported minor physical anomalies in those with schizophrenia, prominently in the craniofacial region. Indirect methods, most notably 3D laser imaging, have been used previously for investigating craniofacial dysmorphology in schizophrenia. This project aimed to investigate the ability of a stereophotogrammetry system to detect craniofacial dysmorphology in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia. Furthermore, observed dysmorphology was characterised and compared with that found in previous studies. Three-dimensional craniofacial landmark coordinates were obtained from images collected using a bespoke design stereophotogrammetry system. The system includes a camera rig and a calibration rig. On the camera rig is mounted three digital single-lens reflex cameras hardwired to a trigger for simultaneous image capture. The calibration rig consists of a frame with strategically positioned retro-reflective calibration markers of known 3D orientation. The precision and reliability of the stereophotogrammetry system was tested using a human subject. Measurements were taken using the system and directly using callipers by two operators on two separate occasions. Intra- and inter-operator precision and inter-modality reliability were calculated and scored. All intra- and inter-operator precision scores were at least below a 7% error, and considered "good". Inter -modality reliability scores had at least a "good" score in 72% of all measurements. Excluding one soft landmark and one landmark with small measurement value, all inter-modality reliability scores were at least "good". The study cohort consisted of 17 African (8 control, 9 schizophrenia) and 13 Caucasian ( 8 control, 5 schizophrenia) males. A set of 18 landmarks focused about the eyes, nose, mouth and chin was identified for each subject and collated in 3D coordinate space. Geometric morphometric analysis - particularly generalised Procrustes analysis and principal component analysis - was carried out on these landmark sets. Discriminant Function Analysis was applied to identify discriminating features in the data set, and classification techniques, aided by feature selection, were applied to separate affected and control subjects. In the African cohort, the results showed wider inward slanting (cat-like) eyes, a wider upturned nose and narrower downturned mouth. In the Caucasian cohort, narrower and wide set eyes, a narrower downturned nose with anteriorly displaced alare, a wider downturned mouth and posteriorly set chin were shown. The Caucasian cohort demonstrates similar dysmorphology as described in the literature. Published data for the African cohort is lacking. The nearest mean and k- nearest neighbour classifiers had the highest accuracy in the African and Caucasian groups respectively, with 71% and 77% correct classification. The efficacy of the stereophotogrammetry system introduced in this study has been shown, with craniofacial dysmorphology in schizophrenia successfully detected. Further studies with larger cohorts are recommended to attempt improved classification accuracy, but a platform now exists to pursue dysmorphology studies in other psychoses, such as bipolar disorder.

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Birkner, Luisa. "Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Wiedergabegenauigkeit optoelektronischer berührungsloser und plastischer Abformungen weicher Gesichtsstrukturen." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-139636.

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Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Wiedergabegenauigkeit optoelektronischer berührungsloser und plastischer Abformungen weicher Gesichtsstrukturen Universität Leipzig, Dissertation Problemstellung: Deformation der fazialen Weichgewebe bei liegenden Patienten, hervorgerufen durch schwerkraft- und materialgewichtabhängige Einflüsse der bei konventionellen Abformmethoden verwendeten Materialien Hydrokolloiden und Elas- tomere. Ziel: Vergleich der Wiedergabegenauigkeit weicher Gesichtsstrukturen bei konven- tionellen plastischen Abformmethoden und einem optischen, mechanischen berüh- rungsfreien dreidimensionalen fotorealistischen Modell. Material und Methode: Konventionelle Abformung bei 20 Probanden mit Hydrokolloid und Elastomer sowie ein optischer Gesichtsscan vom Mittelgesicht. Studienaufbau: Digitali- sieren der Gipsmodelle und Auswertung aller STL-Datensätze zum Vergleich zwischen plastischen und optoelektronischen Abformungen sowie die Evaluation der vorhandenen Abweichungen in 34 konstruierten Punkten. Statistik: Testen auf Normalverteilung und Varianzengleichheit zum Prüfen der Signifikanz mittels Zweistichproben-t-Test und Wilcoxon-Rangsummen-Test. Ergebnisse: Der allgemeiner Abformfehler zwischen optischem Scan und konven- tionellen Abformungen liegt bei 1,19 mm ± 0,32 mm mit Variationen bei den Ma- terialien Alginat 1,02 mm ± 0,24 mm und Silikon 1,36 mm ± 0,31 mm. Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen den Abformmaterialien zeigen sich in 6 von 34 Messpunkten (p < 0,05). Alginat weist tendentiell die besseren Ergebnisse auf und ruft weniger Weichgewebsveränderung hervor. Die beschriebenen Differenzen entstehen durch die Deformation der Weichgewebe bei der Gesichtsabformung. Bei den Punkten ohne statistische Signifikanz ist die Abformtechnik als sehr präzise zu betrachten. In gut skelettal-unterstützten Regionen zeigt Silikon in einigen Messpunkten geringere Abweichungen. Schlussfolgerung: Die Auswahl des Abformmaterials sollte in Abhängigkeit von der Ausgangssituation gewählt werden. Trotz der modifizierten Abformtechnik zeigen die Ergebnisse einen deutlichen Unterschied zwischen digital erfasstem dreidimensionalem Gesichtsscan und konventionellen Abformmethoden. Den optischen Systemen ist derzeit der Vorzug zu geben. Die Vorteile sind hinsichtlich noninvasiver, iterierender Aufnahmen, genauerer und effektiverer Analyse sowie CAD/CAM-Herstellung von Epithesen aus biokompatiblen Werkstoffen beachtlich.

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PUCCIARELLI, VALENTINA. "STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN FACE: A TOOL FOR MODERN MORPHOLOGISTS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/543710.

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The introduction of new technologies has provided, in the last years, a significant contribution to anthropometry. In this context, facial anthropometry has greatly benefited from optical instruments such as laser scanners and stereophotogrammetry. The latter technique has proven to be accurate, repeatable and fast; therefore, taking into consideration its non-invasive nature, it has been increasingly applied to medicine, due to the relevant support that anthropometry can provide to this field. A facial anthropometric assessment can provide reliable morphometric details about the presence of deformities and peculiar features connected to underlying pathological conditions, not always easily recognizable. In the case of certain neurologic diseases, it can also provide new insights about the genotype/phenotype correlation taking the close relationship between facial and cerebral development into consideration. Furthermore, the three-dimensional morphometric evaluation of the face can reveal objective parameters useful for the planning and assessment of maxillo-facial and dental treatments, thus facilitating the clinical decisions and increasing the patients’ compliance. The facial morphometric evaluations presented in the current thesis were performed through the VECTRA M3 3D stereophotogrammetric system (Canfield Scientific, Fairfield, NJ, USA). All the patients and control subjects involved were marked with a set of facial landmarks (adapted according to the different study purposes), before the acquisitions. Once the three-dimensional models were obtained, they were elaborated through the software of the stereophotogrammetric system. Data were analysed through different statistical techniques, according to the type of study executed. The morphometric evaluations were divided in two groups: facial morphometric analyses performed through a landmark-based approach and through a surface- based approach. The first group included the studies: 1) “The face of adult patients affected by Dravet Syndrome: a 3D stereophotogrammetric preliminary assessment”, 2) “3D Craniofacial morphometric analysis of GLUT-1 DS patients” and 3) “Stereophotogrammetric analysis of a case of holoprosencephaly”. The second group included the studies: 4) “3D stereophotogrammetric assessment of labial symmetry in a girl treated for a lymphatic malformation” and 5) “Facial reanimation assessment performed through 3D-3D superimposition: a new method”. 7 For both assessed syndromes, study 1 and 2 allowed the individuation of facial features common among the patients, whose recognition can have a role in the diagnosis of the disease, both in children (study 2) and in adult cases (study 1). Study 3 allowed the identification of the presence of dysmorphic facial features in a girl affected by holoprosencephaly with an apparently normal aspect, thus sustaining the potential of the 3D stereophotogrammetric facial analysis in the morphometric characterisation of the face. Study 4 and 5 showed the usefulness of this technique for performing an objective surgical follow-up and final evaluation of maxillo-facial treatments, helping clinicians in their decisions and motivating the patients. In conclusion, all the studies sustained the usefulness, for medical purposes, of an anthropometric assessment of the human face, performed through a three-dimensional stereophotogrammetric analysis. Moreover, they highlighted its applicability to different categories of patients, including children and people with intellectual disability; thus again justifying the increasing diffusion of stereophotogrammetry in clinical and research centres.

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Uffner, Neil E. "THREE-DIMENSIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF EXTRACTION ON THE SMILE IN CLASS II HIGH AND LOW MANDIBULAR PLANE ANGLE PATIENTS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2013. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/219332.

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Oral Biology
M.S.
The annals of orthodontics are filled with studies aimed to understand how extraction orthodontic treatment might change the face. Although many studies have addressed profile changes due to extraction treatment, fewer studies have focused on how extractions change a patients smile. With the advent of surface imaging systems such as 3dMD, it is now possible to visualize the smile, and any changes incurred during orthodontic treatment, in three dimensions. Subjects for this study were chosen from the pool of 11-18 year old patients treated at the Podray Orthodontic Clinic at the Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry. Subjects were Cl II patients, and must have been treated with either extraction of any combination of premolars or treated without extraction. Subjects were divided into four experimental groups based on two characteristics- mandibular angle (those with angles greater than 28o versus those with angles less than 28o) and treatment (extraction versus non-extraction). The resulting groups were separated as follows: high-angle extraction patients (n=8), low-angle extraction patients (n=6), high-angle non-extraction patients (n=7), and low-angle non-extraction patients (n=15). For each subject initial and final 3dMD images were superimposed using 3dMD Vultus software. A color histogram was constructed to visualize changes during treatment. The cheeks, commissures, upper and lower lips, chin, and nose, were also landmarked, and the changes in these landmarks were calculated. Volume changes were also calculated between pre and post treatment 3D data. Results showed that the lower lip and right commissure changes between high-angle extraction and non-extraction groups were statistically significant. A qualitative analysis of the histograms further supported these findings. In general, a greater change in soft tissue landmarks and soft tissue volumes could be seen in high-angle patients than low-angle patients. Differences in the changes that result from treatment type (extraction vs. non-extraction) were seen in the high-angle group. In contrast, similar changes result from treatment type (extraction vs. non-extraction) in the low-angle groups. Furthermore, the lip changes seen in extraction patients upon smiling are very similar to those changes seen in the same patient in repose. Most interestingly, soft tissue differences of the face due to treatment, growth, or both, seem to disappear upon smiling, with the exception of the lips. Qualitative assessment of these changes in the smile might be a more appropriate method for identifying soft tissue changes than statistical analyses. Similar studies with larger sample sizes are a promising direction for future research.
Temple University--Theses

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Osborne, Patrick Rocha. "Avaliação retrospectiva do volume facial em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia ortognática utilizando a estereofotogrametria (foto 3D)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58136/tde-01032018-164843/.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as variações de volume pós-operatórias associadas à cirurgia ortognática, com base nas variáveis tempo, gênero, idade e lado da face. Foram avaliadas fotografias tridimensionais de dezoito pacientes submetidos simultaneamente às osteotomias Le Fort I e sagital do ramo mandibular bilateral. As imagens foram obtidas por meio do aparelho Vectra® M3 (Canfield, NJ, EUA) e capturadas nos períodos pós-operatórios de: uma semana (1S), um mês (1M), dois meses (2M), seis meses (6M) e um ano (1A). A foto obtida no período 1A foi utilizada como base de comparação para as demais (1S, 1M, 2M e 6M). O maior volume facial foi observado 1 semana após a realização da cirurgia ortognática (47,11 cm3, DP = 30,5 cm3), e neste período os homens apresentaram valores mais elevados (67,27 cm3, DP = 33,54 cm3) em relação as mulheres (30,98 cm3, DP = 15,25 cm3) e o lado direito (26,58 cm3, DP = 17,22 cm3) maior que o esquerdo (20,52 cm3, DP = 14,93 cm3). A regressão do volume mais expressiva ocorreu entre a primeira semana e o primeiro mês de pós-operatório (58,9%). Não foram observadas diferenças significantes entre as faixas etárias analisadas.
The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine postoperative volume differences associated with orthognathic surgery, controlling for time, gender, age and side of face. Three-dimensional (3D) photographs were analyzed of eighteen patients submitted to simultaneous Le Fort I + Bilateral Sagittal Split osteotomies. The images were obtained using a Vectra® M3 device (Canfield, NJ, USA) and were captured postoperatively, at one week (1S), one month (1M), two months (2M), six months (6M) and one year (1A). The photo taken at 1A was used as the basis of comparison for the other photos (1S, 1M, 2M, 6M). Greatest facial volume was observed at one week after surgery (47,11 cm3, DP = 30,5 cm3), with men in this period showing higher values (67,27 cm3, DP = 33,54 cm3) than women (30,98 cm3, DP = 15,25 cm3) and the right side (26,58 cm3, DP = 17,22 cm3) higher than the left (20,52 cm3, DP = 14,93 cm3). The most extensive facial volume resolution occurred between the first week and the first month; postoperatively (58,9%). No significant difference was found between age groups.

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Defay, David Kay. "3D facial analysis: unaffected parents of individuals with cleft lip/palate." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/944.

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The purpose of this work is to study phenotypic craniofacial traits of unaffected parents of individuals with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate (NSCL/P). In order to evaluate these craniofacial traits, three dimensional photographs were obtained and landmarked to compare the sample of unaffected parents with a control sample. The sample was comprised of 40 unaffected fathers, 25 control males, 84 unaffected mothers, and 34 control females. Twenty-four three-dimensional landmarks were exported for analysis for each subject. For the purposes of this study, nine euclidean distances were subjected to a discriminant function analysis to evaluate their ability to discriminate between an unaffected parent and a control. In both the male and female analysis, certain craniofacial measurements correctly and significantly discriminated between unaffected parents and controls. It appears that certain facial traits are subclinical markers for enhanced genetic susceptibility to nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without palate.

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Books on the topic "Stereophotogrammetry"

1

Shih, Peter Tian-Yuan. Critical evaluation of stereophotogrammetric methodology with emphasis on close-range applications. Fredericton, N.B: University of New Brunswick, Dept. of Surveying Engineering, 1989.

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Ragnarsson, Jón Ingvar. Femoral neck fracture stability: Evaluation with roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis, magnetic resonance imaging, scintimetry, radiography and histopathology. Umeå: Univ., 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Stereophotogrammetry"

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Jawed, Khurram, and John Morris. "Verging Axis Stereophotogrammetry." In Advances in Image and Video Technology, 202–13. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25367-6_18.

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Keck, C., M. Berndt, and R. Tutsch. "Stereophotogrammetry in Microassembly." In Design and Manufacturing of Active Microsystems, 309–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12903-2_17.

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Witt, Bryan L., J. Justin Wilbanks, Brian C. Owens, and Daniel P. Rohe. "Stereophotogrammetry Camera Pose Optimization." In Rotating Machinery, Optical Methods & Scanning LDV Methods, Volume 6, 13–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76335-0_3.

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Kluwe, Benjamin, David Christian, Marius Miknis, Peter Plassmann, and Carl Jones. "Segmentation of Infrared Images Using Stereophotogrammetry." In VipIMAGE 2017, 1025–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68195-5_113.

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Denadai, Rafael, and Cassio Eduardo Raposo-Amaral. "Three-Dimensional Digital Stereophotogrammetry in Cleft Care." In Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment, 363–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63290-2_22.

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Bottalico, Fabio, and Alessandro Sabato. "Pattern-Less Stereophotogrammetry for Structural Dynamic Measurements." In Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, 1–7. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68192-9_1.

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Ancillao, Andrea. "Stereophotogrammetry in Functional Evaluation: History and Modern Protocols." In Modern Functional Evaluation Methods for Muscle Strength and Gait Analysis, 1–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67437-7_1.

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Sandnas, Matt, and David B. Spencer. "AUTONOMOUS NAVIGATION AND DENSE SHAPE RECONSTRUCTION USING STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRY AT SMALL CELESTIAL BODIES." In Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, 1325–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51928-4_73.

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Lundstrom, Troy, Javad Baqersad, and Christopher Niezrecki. "Using High-Speed Stereophotogrammetry to Collect Operating Data on a Robinson R44 Helicopter." In Special Topics in Structural Dynamics, Volume 6, 401–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6546-1_44.

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Lundstrom, Troy, Javad Baqersad, Christopher Niezrecki, and Peter Avitabile. "Using High-Speed Stereophotogrammetry Techniques to Extract Shape Information from Wind Turbine/Rotor Operating Data." In Topics in Modal Analysis II, Volume 6, 269–75. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2419-2_26.

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Conference papers on the topic "Stereophotogrammetry"

1

Zoellner, Fritz, Vladislav Matusevich, and Richard M. Kowarschik. "Three-dimensional measurement by stereophotogrammetry." In International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, edited by Wolfgang Osten. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.473559.

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Hongxun, Song, and Chen Junren. "Theory Of High-Speed Stereophotogrammetry." In 18th Intl Congress on High Speed Photography and Photonics, edited by DaHeng Wang. SPIE, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.969210.

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Zoellner, Friedrich, Vladislav Matusevich, and Richard Kowarschik. "Three-dimensional measurement by stereophotogrammetry." In Optical Metrology, edited by Wolfgang Osten, Malgorzata Kujawinska, and Katherine Creath. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.500157.

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Locke, Warrick M. "Stereophotogrammetry And Small Format Analytical Plotters." In 31st Annual Technical Symposium, edited by Paul A. Henkel, Francis R. LaGesse, and Wayne W. Schurter. SPIE, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.942276.

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Wagner, Holger, Axel Wiegmann, Richard Kowarschik, and Friedrich Zollner. "3D measurement of human face by stereophotogrammetry." In Optical Metrology, edited by Wolfgang Osten, Christophe Gorecki, and Erik L. Novak. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.612225.

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Wagner, Holger, Axel Wiegmann, Richard Kowarschik, and Friedrich Zöllner. "3D measurement of human face by stereophotogrammetry." In ICO20:Biomedical Optics, edited by Gert von Bally and Qingming Luo. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.667470.

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Schmalz, Mark S. "Stereophotogrammetry of the sea surface: an introduction." In Optical Engineering and Photonics in Aerospace Sensing, edited by Bill P. Clark, Andy Douglas, Bryan L. Foley, Brian Huberty, and LeLand D. Whitmill. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.157136.

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Aliverti, Andrea, Giancarlo Ferrigno, and Antonio Pedotti. "Surface analysis by laser beam scanning and stereophotogrammetry." In Optical Tools for Manufacturing and Advanced Automation, edited by Sabry F. El-Hakim. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.162127.

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Jang, Stanley B., Kellogg S. Booth, Chris W. Reilly, Bonita J. Sawatzky, and Stephen J. Tredwell. "Three-dimensional analysis of scoliosis surgery using stereophotogrammetry." In IS&T/SPIE 1994 International Symposium on Electronic Imaging: Science and Technology, edited by Robert J. Moorhead II, Deborah E. Silver, and Samuel P. Uselton. SPIE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.172068.

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Stancik, Petr, and Vaclav Ricny. "Software for camera calibration and 3D points reconstruction in stereophotogrammetry." In IEEE EUROCON 2009 (EUROCON). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eurcon.2009.5167784.

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Reports on the topic "Stereophotogrammetry"

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Nadler, Morton. Automated Stereophotogrammetry. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada189617.

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