Journal articles on the topic 'Stereotype (Psychology) Sex differences (Psychology) Beauty'

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1

Krems, Jaimie Arona, Ahra Ko, Jordan W. Moon, and Michael E. W. Varnum. "Lay Beliefs About Gender and Sexual Behavior: First Evidence for a Pervasive, Robust (but Seemingly Unfounded) Stereotype." Psychological Science 32, no. 6 (2021): 871–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797620983829.

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Although casual sex is increasingly socially acceptable, negative stereotypes toward women who pursue casual sex remain pervasive. For example, a common trope in television, film, and other media is that women who engage in casual sex have low self-esteem. Despite robust work on prejudice against women who engage in casual sex, little empirical work has focused on the lay theories individuals hold about them. Across six experiments with U.S. adults ( N = 1,469), we found that both men and women stereotype women (but not men) who engage in casual sex as having low self-esteem. This stereotype i
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2

Dunst, Beate, Mathias Benedek, Sabine Bergner, Ursula Athenstaedt, and Aljoscha C. Neubauer. "Sex differences in neural efficiency: Are they due to the stereotype threat effect?" Personality and Individual Differences 55, no. 7 (2013): 744–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.06.007.

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3

Mathes, Eugene W., Abby Bielser, Ticcarra Cassell, Sarah Summers, and Aggie Witowski. "Individual Differences in Valuing Mates' Physical Attractiveness." Psychological Reports 99, no. 2 (2006): 502–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.99.2.502-511.

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To investigate correlates of valuing physical attractiveness in a mate, it was hypothesized that valuing physical attractiveness in a mate would correlate with sex and valuing promiscuous sex, status, personal physical attractiveness, beauty, and order. Men and women college students completed measures of the extent to which they valued physical attractiveness in a mate and other variables. Valuing physical attractiveness in a mate was correlated with sex (men valued physical attractiveness in a mate more than did women) and valuing promiscuous sex and status, and, for women, valuing personal
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4

Osborne, Jason W. "Testing Stereotype Threat: Does Anxiety Explain Race and Sex Differences in Achievement?" Contemporary Educational Psychology 26, no. 3 (2001): 291–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ceps.2000.1052.

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5

De Caroli, Maria Elvira, and Elisabetta Sagone. "Toys, Sociocognitive Traits, and Occupations: Italian Children's Endorsement of Gender Stereotypes." Psychological Reports 100, no. 3_suppl (2007): 1298–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.100.4.1298-1311.

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In a sample of 136 Italian children ages 8 to 12 years ( M = 9.6, SD = 1.2; 68 boys, 68 girls), gender stereotypes related to gender-typed toys, traits, and occupational choices were examined, using the forced-choice technique between a male and a female silhouette. Stereotypy was established considering boys' and girls' choices for the 70%–l00% range. Differences in gender stereotyping for age and sex of participants were verified. Analysis indicated children attributed toys prevalently connected with aesthetic aspect and domestic activities to the female silhouette, while technology, warfare
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6

Graziano, William G., Lauri A. Jensen-Campbell, Laura J. Shebilske, and Sharon R. Lundgren. "Social influence, sex differences, and judgments of beauty: Putting the interpersonal back in interpersonal attraction." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 65, no. 3 (1993): 522–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.65.3.522.

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7

Todosijević, Bojan, Snežana Ljubinković, and Aleksandra Arančić. "Mate Selection Criteria: A Trait Desirability Assessment Study of Sex Differences in Serbia." Evolutionary Psychology 1, no. 1 (2003): 147470490300100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147470490300100108.

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This paper examines predictions from evolutionary and socio-structural perspectives on sex differences in mate selection criteria on a sample of 127 respondents from Serbia. The respondents, mainly college students, were asked to assess the degree of un/desirability of sixty behavioural and personality traits in a potential mate, on the 7-point Likert type scale. The sexes strongly agree in general ranking of the traits' desirability. The obtained statistically significant differences tend to favour the evolutionary interpretation. The largest differences are in the perceived desirability of t
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8

Zgoba, Kristen M., and Jill Levenson. "Failure to Register as a Predictor of Sex Offense Recidivism." Sexual Abuse 24, no. 4 (2011): 328–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063211421019.

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This quasi-experimental study analyzed the recidivism outcomes of 1,125 sexual offenders in two groups. The first group comprised 644 registered sex offenders who were convicted of a sex crime and at some point failed to register after release from prison. The comparison group contained 481 registered sex offenders released from prison during a similar time frame who did not fail to register after their release. The groups were then tracked for both sexual and nonsexual offenses to determine whether failure to register under Megan’s Law is predictive of reoffending. Failure to register was not
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9

Adams, Eve M., Keith McNeil, and Nicole Dubsick. "Broverman's Methodology Reversed: Assessing University Students' Perceptions of the Gender-Role Characteristics of Counselors." Psychological Reports 94, no. 1 (2004): 277–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.1.277-287.

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This study examined university students' perceptions of which gender-role characteristics described helpful counselors for 137 nonmajors from an introduction to counseling class. Using a modification of the Broverman, et al. method (1970) and a modified version of their Stereotype Questionnaire, participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions. Participants indicated the characteristics of a helpful counselor, a helpful female counselor, or a helpful male counselor using 20 bipolar items of gender-role characteristics. t tests were applied to whether agreement of the pole conside
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10

Furnham, Adrian, and Emma Skae. "Changes in the Stereotypical Portrayal of Men and Women in British Television Advertisements." European Psychologist 2, no. 1 (1997): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040.2.1.44.

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This study examines the way in which men and women are portrayed in British television advertisements, and these findings are compared with those of studies carried out in Britain over the past 25 years. A total of 162 television advertisements were analyzed by two white adults, one female, one male, in order to obtain reliable results. The attributes of the central figures in each of the advertisements were classified into 11 categories: gender, mode of presentation, credibility basis, role, location, age, argument, reward type, product type, background, and end comment. Advertisements aimed
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11

Russell, Richard. "A Sex Difference in Facial Contrast and its Exaggeration by Cosmetics." Perception 38, no. 8 (2009): 1211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/p6331.

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This study demonstrates the existence of a sex difference in facial contrast. By measuring carefully controlled photographic images, female faces were shown to have greater luminance contrast between the eyes, lips, and the surrounding skin than did male faces. This sex difference in facial contrast was found to influence the perception of facial gender. An androgynous face can be made to appear female by increasing the facial contrast, or to appear male by decreasing the facial contrast. Application of cosmetics was found to consistently increase facial contrast. Female faces wearing cosmetic
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12

Franzoi, Stephen L., and Virginia Koehler. "Age and Gender Differences in Body Attitudes: A Comparison of Young and Elderly Adults." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 47, no. 1 (1998): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/fvg1-ge5a-8g5y-dxct.

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One hundred and thirty-two young adults (Mean = 19 years) and 142 elderly adults (Mean = 74 years) evaluated thirty-five different aspects of their own bodies. As hypothesized, elderly adults expressed less positive attitudes than young adults toward body items associated with body functioning (physical coordination, agility, sex drive, health). These differences are consistent with research indicating a progressive decline in bodily function efficiency with advancing age (Christofalo, 1988; Lakatta, 1990). Also as expected, the elderly held less positive attitudes toward body aspects associat
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13

Bassett, Jonathan F., and John E. Williams. "Personification of Death, as Seen in Adjective Check List Descriptions, among Funeral Service and University Students." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 45, no. 1 (2002): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/wrx4-7kkb-kgua-hx6d.

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One hundred twenty-nine undergraduate psychology students at a large urban university and 55 students at a college of funeral service completed the Death Anxiety Questionnaire (Conte, Weiner,&Plutchik, 1982), the Revised Death Anxiety Scale (Thorson&Powell, 1994), a nine question measure of belief in an afterlife (Daws, 1980), and used the 300-item Adjective Check List (ACL; Gough&Heilbrun, 1980) to describe what death might be like if personified as a human character in a play. Three Affective Meaning scores, five Transactional Analysis ego state scores, five Five Factor Model sco
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14

Khandpur, Gurleen. "Fat and Thin Sex: Fetishised Normal and Normalised Fetish." M/C Journal 18, no. 3 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.976.

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The old “Is the glass half empty or half full?” question does more than just illustrate a person’s proclivity for pessimism or for optimism. It alerts us to the possibility that the same real world phenomena may be interpreted in entirely different ways, with very real consequences. It is this notion that I apply to the way fat sex and thin sex are conceptualised in the larger social consciousness. While sexual, romantic and/or intimate acts between people where at least one individual is fat (Fat Sex) are deemed atypical, abnormal, fetishistic and even abusive (Saguy qtd. in Swami & Tovee
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15

Riggs, Damien. "Who Wants to Be a 'Good Parent'?" M/C Journal 8, no. 1 (2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.2321.

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 In this paper, I will be looking at how the news media may be both helpful (‘good’) and a hindrance (‘bad’) to lesbian and gay parents. While I acknowledge the incommensurable differences between the experiences of lesbian parents and gay parents, I do believe that representations of both lesbian and gay parents in the media tend to focus on any similarities that exist between (and within) the two groups, rather than looking at the important differences. I would suggest that this is the result of the hetero-normative assumptions that inform the news media, which take heter
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16

Bowles-Smith, Emily. "Recovering Love’s Fugitive: Elizabeth Wilmot and the Oscillations between the Sexual and Textual Body in a Libertine Woman’s Manuscript Poetry." M/C Journal 11, no. 6 (2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.73.

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Elizabeth Wilmot, Countess of Rochester, is best known to most modern readers as the woman John Wilmot, Earl of Rochester, abducted and later wed. As Samuel Pepys memorably records in his diary entry for 28 May 1665:Thence to my Lady Sandwich’s, where, to my shame, I had not been a great while before. Here, upon my telling her a story of my Lord Rochester’s running away on Friday night last with Mrs Mallet, the great beauty and fortune of the North, who had supped at Whitehall with Mrs Stewart, and was going home to her lodgings with her grandfather, my Lord Haly, by coach; and was at Charing
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17

Hill, Clementine Ruth. "Enthusiasm, the Creative Industry and the 'Creative Tropical City: Mapping Darwin’s Creative Industries' Project." M/C Journal 12, no. 2 (2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.137.

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I love Darwin, I love it up here, I love the north, I love the swamp. It’s the energy; it’s unpredictable, totally unpredictable. Whether that’s because people are coming and going… It’s probably because of the changeability of the weather; I love the wet season, it’s a dynamic place. I am eventually planning to move down south for a while, I have to, I’ve got family commitments and so on and the thing that worries me most is that it’s all so predictable down there. So Darwin has an energy, it’s alive, I absolutely love it, I absolutely love it. The people that come up here come here because t
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18

Carmago, Sandy. "'Mind the Gap'." M/C Journal 5, no. 5 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1981.

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The structuring of a film's plot as the trajectory of the goals and desires of a single protagonist can be seen as the most critical development in cinematic narrative. In addition to its commodity implications via the star system and its centrality to a range of important film theories about fantasy and pleasure, the single protagonist is the linchpin of the cinema's ability to transmit messages that confirm the most basic myths about the power of the individual in society. While Hollywood's use of the single protagonist as a model for the self is particularly detrimental in the United States
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