Journal articles: 'Steviosideo'

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Fronza, Diniz, and Marcos Vinícius Folegatti. "Water consumption of the estevia (Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Bertoni) crop estimated through microlysimeter." Scientia Agricola 60, no. 3 (2003): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162003000300028.

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The knowledge of water requirement of crops in the different growing phases elicits higher crop yield and rational use of water resource. The aim of this work was to estimate the water consumption of stevia using two constant watertable microlysimeters. The research was conducted in San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy. The data were collected daily from June, 1st, to October, 22th, 2000. Reference evapotranspiration was determined by the Penman-Monteith-FAO method, in the same period. Microlysimeters watertables level were maintained at the 35 cm depth. Crop evapotranspiration for the total cicle (80 days) was 464 mm. For the most water consuming phase, crop average evapotranspiration was 5.44 mm day-1. The crop coefficient values were 1.45 for the first 25 days, 1.14 for the next period (26 to 50 days), and 1.16 for the latest period (51 to 80 days). The stevia leaf yield of the microlysimeters was 4.369 kg ha-1 and their steviosideo content 6.49%.

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Liu, Jing Bin, An Jun Liu, Lin Jie Zhang, Yong Liang Zhao, and Yin Zhi Xie. "Preparation and Detection of the Resolution and Number of Theoretical Plates for High Purity Steviosides." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.270.

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Macroporous resin was the most common method for the separation and purification of steviosides. But the purity was only 90% influenced by less selectivity of the resin. And Rebaudioside A could not be separated from other steviosides at the same time. Purity of total glycosides could be up to 99% and Rebaudioside A could be enriched efficiently by section desorption after one-dimensional chromatography of macroprous resins. The content of Rebaudioside A increased from 39.46% to 63.70% gradually in each desorption solution of the 4 resin columns. Moreover, the resolution between Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside C and stevioside, and the number of theoretical plates for them were detected meanwhile. These results could provide theoretical foundation for the separation of high purity steviosides and enrichment of Rebaudioside A.

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Pagliosa, Frida Maciel, Maria Cladis Mezzomo da Silva, Maria Elisabeth do Canto Vinadé, and Sonia Maria Bittencourt Frizzo. "Padrões analíticos e determinação quantitativa de esteviosídeos." Ciência e Natura 7, no. 7 (December 10, 1985): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x25406.

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It was established analytical parameters for steviosides standard, besides the obtainment and purification of theses paramters. The metodology for quantitative determination was proposed for the stevioside analysis in spectrofotometry U.V. The quantitative analysis by spectrofotometry was in 208nm, in ethilic alcool. The curve of calibration presented good relative precision, with analytical error 1.5%. The parameters established in caracterization of standars was: m.p: 197-200 ºC; Rf around of 0.58; maximum absorption in 208nm and molar absortivity higher 4000 in 208nm.

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Han, Xuefeng, Chaoxi Chen, Xiaoli Zhang, Yuqing Wei, Shaoxun Tang, Jiurong Wang, Zhiliang Tan, and Liwei Xu. "Effects of Dietary Stevioside Supplementation on Feed Intake, Digestion, Ruminal Fermentation, and Blood Metabolites of Goats." Animals 9, no. 2 (January 23, 2019): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9020032.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of tevioside on feed intake, feeding behavior, nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation, and serum biochemical parameters in goats. Nine male Xiangdong black goats (21.8 ± 1.5 kg of body weight) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square. All goats were fed a basal diet including concentrate and forage (chopped rice traw). The three treatments were 0, 400, or 800 mg stevioside per kg chopped rice traw on a dry matter (DM) basis. Dry matter intake of forage and total diet linearly increased (p = 0.03 and p = 0.04) with increasing stevioside in the diet. There was no effect (p > 0.05) of stevioside inclusion in the diets on eating time, rumination time, or total mastication time for the goats. Total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration in the rumen responded quadratically (p < 0.01), decreasing from 0 to 400 mg/kg stevioside inclusion and increasing thereafter. The inclusion of steviosid in the diets promoted a quadratic increase in the apparent total tract digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (p = 0.02) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (p = 0.01). Based on the results of this experiment, it could be concluded that supplementing goat diets with stevioside at 400 mg/kg to 800 mg/kg forage (about 270 to 541 mg/kg diet) resulted in increased dry intake of forage and total diet, suggesting that stevioside has positive potential as a feed additive to improve feed intake.

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Yen, Nguyen Thi Hoang, and Le Pham Tan Quoc. "Chemical composition of dried Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves and effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction on total steviosides content in extract." Herba Polonica 67, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2021-0003.

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Summary Introduction: Steviol stevioside, which has been used in the production of food products as a low-calorie sweeten, is one of the main glycoside groups in the leaves of the Stevia plants. It is useful for human health. Objective: The main objection of the present study was to find out some major chemical compositions of the dried Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves and an effective, affordable, and environmentally friendly method to reach the high extraction yield of total steviosides from them. Therefore, a novel extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), was carried out to extract total steviosides from dried leaves of S. rebaudiana plant with ethanol of 70% (v/v) as a solvent. Methods: Some major chemical compositions of the dried S. rebaudiana leaves were analyzed according to the AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) and total steviosides content (TSC) was measured by anthrone-sulphuric acid colorimetric assay with main influencing factors including material/solvent ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time. Results: The results referred that some chemical compounds such as protein, lipid, fibre, sugar, etc. existed in this material. The best extraction conditions were the sample/solvent ratio of 1:100 (g/ml), extraction temperature of 75oC, and extraction time of 30 min. Conclusion: The highest amount of total steviosides content of 8.894 % was obtained at the optimal extraction condition. Consequently, these results demonstrated that the parameters of UAE were applied successfully for producing total glycosides.

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Geuns, Jan M. C. "Stevioside." Phytochemistry 64, no. 5 (November 2003): 913–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(03)00426-6.

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7

Wei, Fuyao, Hong Zhu, Na Li, Chunlei Yu, Zhenbo Song, Shuyue Wang, Ying Sun, et al. "Stevioside Activates AMPK to Suppress Inflammation in Macrophages and Protects Mice from LPS-Induced Lethal Shock." Molecules 26, no. 4 (February 6, 2021): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040858.

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Stevioside, a diterpenoid glycoside, is widely used as a natural sweetener; meanwhile, it has been proven to possess various pharmacological properties as well. However, until now there were no comprehensive evaluations focused on the anti-inflammatory activity of stevioside. Thus, the anti-inflammatory activities of stevioside, both in macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells, THP-1 cells, and mouse peritoneal macrophages) and in mice, were extensively investigated for the potential application of stevioside as a novel anti-inflammatory agent. The results showed that stevioside was capable of down-regulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators in macrophages from different sources, such as IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS/NO, COX2, and HMGB1, whereas it up-regulated the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1. Further investigation showed that stevioside could activate the AMPK -mediated inhibition of IRF5 and NF-κB pathways. Similarly, in mice with LPS-induced lethal shock, stevioside inhibited release of pro-inflammatory factors, enhanced production of IL-10, and increased the survival rate of mice. More importantly, stevioside was also shown to activate AMPK in the periphery blood mononuclear cells of mice. Together, these results indicated that stevioside could significantly attenuate LPS-induced inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo through regulating several signaling pathways. These findings further strengthened the evidence that stevioside may be developed into a therapeutic agent against inflammatory diseases.

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Jutabha, Promsuk, Chaivat Toskulkao, and Varanuj Chatsudthipong. "Effect of stevioside on PAH transport by isolated perfused rabbit renal proximal tubule." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 78, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 737–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y00-051.

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Stevioside, a non-caloric sweetening agent, is used as a sugar substitute. An influence of stevioside on renal function has been suggested, but little is known about its effect on tubular function. Therefore, the present study was designed to explore the direct effect of stevioside on transepithelial transport of p-aminohippurate (PAH) in isolated S2 segments of rabbit proximal renal tubules using in vitro microperfusion. Addition of stevioside at a concentration of 0.45 mM to either the tubular lumen, bathing medium, or both at the same time had no effect on transepithelial transport of PAH. Similarly, a concentration of 0.70 mM (maximum solubility in the buffer) when present in the lumen, had no effect on PAH transport. However, this concentration in the bathing medium inhibited PAH transport significantly by about 25-35%. The inhibitory effect of stevioside was gradually abolished after it was removed from the bath. Addition of 0.70 mM stevioside to both lumen and bathing medium at the same time produced no added inhibitory effect. Stevioside at this concentration has no effect on Na+/K+-ATPase activity as well as cell ATP content. These findings suggest that stevioside, at a pharmacological concentration of 0.70 mM, inhibits transepithelial transport of PAH by interfering with the basolateral entry step, the rate-limiting step for transepithelial transport. The lack of effect of stevioside on transepithelial transport of PAH on the luminal side and its reversible inhibitory effect on the basolateral side indicate that stevioside does not permanently change PAH transport and should not harm renal tubular function at normal human intake levels.Key words: stevioside, p-aminohippurate, renal proximal tubule.

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Martono, Yohanes, Abdul Rohman, Sudibyo Martono, and Sugeng Riyanto. "Degradation study of stevioside using RP-HPLC and ESI-MS/MS." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 14, no. 1-2 (April 30, 2018): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v14n1-2.956.

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Stevioside is very potential to be an antidiabetic pro-drug. In processing, the active ingredient may be degraded. This research conducted a study of the degradation of stevioside on several stress factors such as acid and base hydrolysis; exposure to UV rays, thermal heating and oxidation using RP-HPLC. The degradation products were identified using ESI-MS/MS. Hydrolysis of acid-base solution and exposure to UV254 nm rays caused the breakdown of glycoside bonds in the analyte. Stevioside was unstable in dry heating at 105oC for 48 hours due to degradation of 91%. Stevioside was oxidized under H2O2 oxidation for 48 hours. Based on the ESI-MS/MS analysis, the identified stevioside degradation products were [M-H] ̶ with m/z = 803 as stevioside; [M-H] ̶ with the value of m/z = 641 as steviolbioside; [M-H] ̶ with m/z = 479 as steviolmonoside; [M-H] ̶ with m/z = 317 as steviol. Termination of glucose was characterized by fragmentation [M-162] ̶.Our study provides a basic view on the stability and degradation characteristics of stevioside, and demonstrates the formation of degradation products.

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Karim, Ziaul, Daisuke Uesugi, Noriyuki Nakayama, M. Monzur Hossain, Kohji Ishihara, and Hiroki Hamada. "Identification of Stevioside Using Tissue Culture-Derived Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) Leaves." Biochemistry Insights 8s2 (January 2015): BCI.S30378. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/bci.s30378.

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Stevioside is a natural sweetener from Stevia leaf, which is 300 times sweeter than sugar. It helps to reduce blood sugar levels dramatically and thus can be of benefit to diabetic people. Tissue culture is a very potential modern technology that can be used in large-scale disease-free stevia production throughout the year. We successfully produced stevia plant through in vitro culture for identification of stevioside in this experiment. The present study describes a potential method for identification of stevioside from tissue culture-derived stevia leaf. Stevioside in the sample was identified using HPLC by measuring the retention time. The percentage of stevioside content in the leaf samples was found to be 9.6%. This identification method can be used for commercial production and industrialization of stevia through in vitro culture across the world.

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Vasovic, Velibor, Aleksandar Raskovic, Momir Mikov, Ivan Mikov, Boris Milijasevic, Sasa Vukmirovic, and Zorana Budakov. "Effect of aqueous solution of stevioside on pharmacological properties of some cardioactive drugs." Vojnosanitetski pregled 71, no. 7 (2014): 667–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp120524014v.

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Background/Aim. Stevioside is a glycoside that supposedly possesses a number of pharmacodynamic effects such as anti-infective, hypoglycemic, along with the beneficial influence on the cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of rats pretreatment with aqueous solution of stevioside on pharmacological actions of adrenaline, metoprolol and verapamil. Methods. Rats were administered (intraperitoneally 200 mg/kg/day) stevioside as aqueous solution or physiological saline in the course of 5 days, then anaesthetized with urethane and the first ECG recording was made. The prepared jugular vein was connected to an infusion pump with adrenaline (0.1 mg/mL), verapamil (2.5 mg/mL) or metoprolol (1 mg/mL). Control animals, pretreated with saline, in addition to the mentioned drugs, were also infused with the solution of stevioside (200 mg/mL) in the course of recording ECG. Results. The infusion of stevioside produced no significant changes in ECG, even at a dose exceeding 1,600 mg/kg. In the control group, a dose of adrenaline of 0.07 ? 0.02 mg/kg decreased the heart rate, whereas in the steviosidepretreated rats this occurred at a significantly higher dose (0.13 ? 0.03 mg/kg). In stevioside-pretreated rats, the amount of verapamil needed to produce the decrease in heart rate was significantly lower compared to the control. The pretreatment with stevioside caused no significant changes in the parameters registered on ECG during infusion of metoprolol. Conclusion. The results suggest that pretreatment with stevioside may change the effect of adrenaline and verapamile on the heart rate.

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Cai, Luyun, Linyu Nian, Ailing Cao, Wenjin Wu, Jing Wang, Yanbo Wang, and Jianrong Li. "Effects of xylitol and stevioside on the physical and rheological properties of gelatin from cod skin." Food Science and Technology International 24, no. 8 (June 28, 2018): 639–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013218784389.

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Jelly and confectionery products are high in sugar and calories. Xylitol and stevioside are natural low-calorie sweeteners and they can be used as an alternative; however, their effects on fish gelatin are unknown. The gelatin was extracted from cod skins and added to xylitol or stevioside (0, 2, 6, 10, 14, and 20% (w/v)) to form gel products. This paper investigated how xylitol and stevioside affected the physical and rheological behaviors of fish gelatin, such as color, gel strength, texture profile analysis, storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″), and viscosity. Results showed that the change of color and viscosity in gel products were similar when various concentrations of xylitol or stevioside were added to the fish gelatin. But the effects of xylitol/stevioside on texture profile analysis and G′, G″ were different, which might due to the structure variation in xylitol and stevioside. The linear structure of xylitol resulted in ionic interaction, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic association between xylitol and fish gelatin. Therefore, xylitol is a promising sweetener substitute, which was probably related to its greater solubility and number of –OH groups.

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Kumari, Neena, R. C. Rana, Y. P. Sharma, and Suresh Kumar. "Dynamics of steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside-A) with growth and development of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 1953–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i4.1069.

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In the present investigation, the dynamics of steviol glycosides (stevioside and rebaudioside-A) of Stevia rebaudiana with their growth stages were studied. The study aimed to examine the best stage of harvesting (month of the year) the crop with respect to maximum accumulation of stevioside and rebaudioside-A content in different plant parts (leaves, green stem and woody stem). The results showed that the maximum stevioside content in leaves (8.55%) was found in June month (vegetative stage). Rebaudioside-A content in leaves (7.00%) was at its peak in August (vegetative stage). Whereas, higher stevioside and rebaudioside-A content was found for green stem (0.93%) and woody stem (0.18%) during September month (flowering stage). Leaves showed maximum yields of stevioside (17.60g) and rebaudioside-A (13.75g) per plant in July month. The study indicated that it is economical to harvest the leaves of S. rebaudiana rather than harvesting whole aerial biomass in vegetative phase (July month).

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Fujinuma, Kenji, Kazuo Saito, Mitsuo Nakazato, Yoko Kikuchi, Akihiro Ibe, and Taichiro Nishima. "Thin Layer Chromatographic Detection and Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Stevioside and Rebaudioside A in Beverages and Foods Following Reverse Phase Column Chromatography." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 69, no. 5 (September 1, 1986): 799–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/69.5.799.

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Abstract A method for the detection and determination of stevioside and rebaudioside A in beverages and foods by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography (LC) is presented. Stevioside and rebaudioside A are extracted with water from a sample and purified by a reverse phase column chromatographic procedure using a silica gel 60 silanized column. The eluate from the column is concentrated to dryness, and the resulting residue is dissolved in 80% ethanol. For the detection, TLC is used, and spots of stevioside and rebaudioside A are visualized with anisaldehyde sulfuric acid reagent. Stevioside and rebaudioside A detected in samples are determined by LC with a Finepak SIL NH2 column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (200 + 45) containing tetrabutylammonium phosphate, which is added to achieve the separation from some interfering compounds. Recoveries from samples spiked at 10 and 100 ppm ranged from 97.8 to 100.3% (stevioside) and 96.3 to 99.7% (rebaudioside A).

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Ni, Fan, Jeffrey Ammann, and Abdul Mabud. "Monitoring Stevioside in Soju by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 90, no. 5 (September 1, 2007): 1365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/90.5.1365.

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Abstract A method using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV absorption detection was developed to monitor stevioside in soju, a distilled spirits product that is commercially available. The method uses a single-step dilution for sample preparation. It completely eliminates the time-consuming process of solid-phase extraction. A method using HPLC/mass spectrometry was optimized to confirm the identities of stevioside and other related impurities, including rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside. The method was validated. The validation parameters included range (10.11007.3 ppm), precision, linearity, accuracy, robustness, system suitability, and intermediate precision. Stevioside standard solutions at 6 concentration levels were prepared for the validation work, including the tests for precision, linearity, and accuracy. The solutions were prepared in triplicate for each concentration. The relative standard deviation for the precision test was <3 for all 6 concentration levels. The correlation coefficient for the linearity within the concentration range was determined to be >0.999. The average recovery ranged from 95.7 to 101.1 for the soju samples spiked with stevioside standard. The detection limit for stevioside was estimated at 75 ppb. The method was used to screen several soju samples; no detectable stevioside was found in the samples.

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Mohd-Radzman, Nabilatul Hani, Wan Iryani Wan Ismail, Siti Safura Jaapar, Zainah Adam, and Aishah Adam. "Stevioside fromStevia rebaudianaBertoni Increases Insulin Sensitivity in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/938081.

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Stevioside fromStevia rebaudianahas been reported to exert antihyperglycemic effects in both rat and human subjects. There have been few studies on these effectsin vitro. In this paper, radioactive glucose uptake assay was implemented in order to assess improvements in insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 cells by elevation of glucose uptake following treatment with stevioside. Oil Red-O staining and MTT assay were utilized to confirm adipocyte differentiation and cell viability, respectively. Findings from this research showed a significant increase in absorbance values in mature adipocytes following Oil Red-O staining, confirming the differentiation process. Stevioside was noncytotoxic to 3T3-L1 cells as cell viability was reduced by a maximum of 17%, making it impossible to determine its IC50. Stevioside increased glucose uptake activities by 2.1 times (p<0.001) in normal conditions and up to 4.4 times (p<0.001) in insulin-resistant states. At times, this increase was higher than that seen in positive control group treated with rosiglitazone maleate, an antidiabetic agent. Expressions of pY20 and p-IRS1 which were measured via Western blot were improved by stevioside treatment. In conclusion, stevioside has direct effects on 3T3-L1 insulin sensitivity via increase in glucose uptake and enhanced expression of proteins involved in insulin-signalling pathway.

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Deenadayalan, Abilasha. "Molecular docking analysis of stevioside with AKT and PPARγ." Bioinformation 17, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630017283.

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Stevioside is a diterpenoid glycoside consisting of an aglycone (steviol) and three glucose molecules. It is commonly used as an anti-hyperglycemic food because of its non-caloric property. Therefore, it is of interest to document the interactions of stevioside with AKT & PPAR-γ proteins using Autodock Vina PyRx docking techniques. Results of the docking studies indicate that stevioside had more than two hydrogen bond interactions with the AKT and PPAR γ protein for further consideration.

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Hong, J., L. Chen, P. B. Jeppesen, I. Nordentoft, and K. Hermansen. "Stevioside counteracts the α-cell hypersecretion caused by long-term palmitate exposure." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 290, no. 3 (March 2006): E416—E422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00331.2005.

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Long-term exposure to fatty acids impairs β-cell function in type 2 diabetes, but little is known about the chronic effects of fatty acids on α-cells. We therefore studied the prolonged impact of palmitate on α-cell function and on the expression of genes related to fuel metabolism. We also investigated whether the antihyperglycemic agent stevioside was able to counteract these effects of palmitate. Clonal α-TC1-6 cells were cultured with palmitate in the presence or absence of stevioside. After 72 h, we evaluated glucagon secretion, glucagon content, triglyceride (TG) content, and changes in gene expression. Glucagon secretion was dose-dependently increased after 72-h culture, with palmitate at concentrations ≥0.25 mM ( P < 0.05). Palmitate (0.5 mM) enhanced TG content of α-cells by 73% ( P < 0.01). Interestingly, stevioside (10−8 and 10−6 M) reduced palmitate-stimulated glucagon release by 22 and 45%, respectively ( P < 0.01). There was no significant change in glucagon content after 72-h culture with palmitate and/or stevioside. Palmitate increased carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) mRNA level, whereas stevioside enhanced CPT I, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene expressions in the presence of palmitate ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, long-term exposure to elevated fatty acids leads to a hypersecretion of glucagon and an accumulation of TG content in clonal α-TC1-6 cells. Stevioside was able to counteract the α-cell hypersecretion caused by palmitate and enhanced the expression of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. This indicates that stevioside may be a promising antidiabetic agent in treatment of type 2 diabetes.

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Wu, Yunshan, Douglas L. Rodenburg, Mohamed A. Ibrahim, James D. McChesney, and Mitchell A. Avery. "Stevioside methanol tetrasolvate." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 69, no. 3 (February 20, 2013): o410—o411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536813003954.

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Konoshima, Takao, and Midori Takasaki. "Cancer-chemopreventive effects of natural sweeteners and related compounds." Pure and Applied Chemistry 74, no. 7 (January 1, 2002): 1309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274071309.

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To search for possible cancer-chemopreventive agents from natural resources, several natural sweeteners were screened by the in vitro assay indicated by the inhibitory effects of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) induction. Of active compounds that showed the remarkable inhibitory effects on the EBV-EA induction, stevioside, from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana, and mogroside V, from the fruits of Momordica grosvenori, exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis in vivo induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA). The inhibitory effect of stevioside is stronger than that of glycyrrhizin, which had been known as an antitumor-promoter in chemical carcinogenesis. Furthermore, stevioside also inhibited mouse skin carcinogenesis initiated by peroxynitrite. These results suggest that stevioside and mogroside V might be valuable as chemopreventive agents for chemical carcinogenesis.

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Martono, Yohanes, Suryasatriya Trihandaru, and Ferdy Semuel Rondonuwu. "Determination of Stevioside and Rebaudioside A in Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Leaves Using near Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 18, no. 4 (November 12, 2018): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.25580.

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Rebaudioside A and stevioside are abundant steviol glycoside contained in Stevia rebaudiana leaves. These components are widely used as a natural sweetener. The objective of this study was to develop rapid determination method of stevioside, and rebaudioside A in S. rebaudiana leaves using near infrared trans-reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) combined with multivariate analysis. The reference method used was HPLC. A prediction model was developed using partial least square (PLS) regression. Calibration parameters were calculated based on a calibration set of various stevioside, rebaudioside A from 23 samples. Performance of PLS model was assessed in term of optimum determination coefficient (R2), and minimum root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSEV). Validation of PLS model was performed using cross-validation and leave one out calibration of PLS component. Rebaudioside A has well PLS model in wavenumber region of 4100–5100 cm-1, and stevioside determination using difference wavenumber region of 4760-5016 cm-1. PLS model for total (sum of stevioside and rebaudioside A content) was exploited in wavenumber region of 4568-4928 cm-1. NIRS in combination with multivariate data analysis of PLSR can be applied as a rapid method for determining rebaudioside A and the total amount of steviol glycosides in S. rebaudiana leaves.

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Eric, Kircher, Lee Jeffrey, Wang He Choil, and Tawil Bill. "The effect of natural sugar and sweeteners on normal and cancerous human fibroblasts." Journal of Applied Biotechnology & Bioengineering 6, no. 5 (September 3, 2019): 210–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jabb.2019.06.00194.

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Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) have seen increasingly common usage amongst foodstuffs in the westernized diet in the past few decades, including processed foods and flavored beverages. Recently, an increasing body of research has been evaluating the potential of NNS for alternative uses in healthcare and medicine. Some of these sweeteners, such as stevioside, have been implicated as being anti-hypertensive, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-inflammatory in several contexts. To examine the potential of NNS such as stevioside as an anti-carcinogenic agent, cellular behavior of HFF-1 human foreskin fibroblasts (ATCC SCRC-1041) & COLO-829 human melanoma fibroblasts (ATCC CRL-1974) was observed in the presence of sucrose, sucralose, and stevioside on collagen. This study examined the impact of NNS on initial adhesion, cellular proliferation, and integrin expression on healthy and cancerous fibroblast cell lines. The results indicate that 5 mg/mL stevioside caused more than 2-fold decrease in the initial adhesion of healthy cells but caused more than 4-fold increase in the initial adhesion of cancerous cells. In terms of proliferation, stevioside at 5 mg/mL caused a 13-fold decrease in cancer cell proliferation, proportional to concentration, but a 1.5-fold increase in proliferation for healthy cells.

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Silva, Gisleine Elisa Cavalcante da, Abdol Hakin Assef, Claudio Cordeiro Albino, Letícia de Araujo Funari Ferri, Gilson Tasin, Mirian Hideko Takahashi, Wilson Eik Filho, and Roberto Barbosa Bazotte. "Investigation of the tolerability of oral stevioside in Brazilian hyperlipidemic patients." Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology 49, no. 4 (July 2006): 583–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-89132006000500007.

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The tolerability of stevioside (2.75 mg/kg/day) obtained from leaves of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert) Bertoni (Compositae) was investigated in hyperlipidemic patients. For this purpose a placebo controlled double blind study was performed. The patients were randomized in two groups: the first group received capsules containing placebo and the second group received capsules containing stevioside (50 mg) during 90 days. All capsules were ingested twice daily, i.e., 2 capsules before lunch and 2 capsules before dinner. After the selection of the patients and each 30 days body mass index and laboratory tests (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, triglycerides and glucose) were performed. Stevioside did not show any clinical relevant modification in all parameters investigated. Moreover the patients did not report severe adverse effect. Thus, we can concluded that stevioside, at least in the doses employed in this study was safe.

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Mahmud, S., S. Akter, IA Jahan, S. Khan, A. Khaleque, and S. Islam. "Comparative analyses of stevioside between fresh leaves and in-vitro derived callus tissue from Stevia rebaudiana Bert. using HPLC." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 49, no. 4 (March 19, 2015): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i4.22621.

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A protocol was developed to produce large amount of callus in short a period of time from leaf explants of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. The highest amount of white callus was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l 2, 4-D and 0.5 mg/l BAP after 3 weeks of inoculating leaf segments. On the other hand, 0.5 mg/l BAP and 1.0 mg/l Kn exhibits poor performance towards callus formation while after using 1.0 mg/l Kn alone did not develop any callus. In this experiment, highest amount of green callus was obtained when MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l NAA and 10% coconut water was used. An improved analytical method HPLC was applied to analyze stevioside extracted from the leaf and callus of Stevia rebaudiana. The stevioside in each sample were analyzed by comparing their retention times with those of the standards. The retention time (RT) of stevioside for leaves were found 14.96 and for callus 13.81 mins. The percentage of stevioside content from leaves and callus was 12.19% and 12.62% respectively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v49i4.22621 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 49(4), 199-204, 2014

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Kartikasari, Dian, Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah, and Suwijiyo Pramono. "PENETAPAN KADAR STEVIOSIDA PADA SIMPLISIA DAN EKSTRAK DAUN Stevia rebaudiana DARI TIGA DAERAH BERBEDA." JIFFK : Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31942/jiffk.v15i2.2574.

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ABSTRACTPharmaceutical raw materials from agriculture or collection of wild plant chemical content can not be guaranteed always constant due to variable seed, the body, the climate, the conditions (age and how to harvest). The content of the chemical compounds responsible for the biological response must have chemical specifications, namely the composition information (type and concentration). The efficacy of traditional medicine based on the chemical compound. Therefore, the assay of the active substance a crude drugs and extracts needs to be done to ensure that a traditional medicinal products can be assured of quality and usefulness. The assay performed on botanicals and 50% ethanol extract of leaves of Stevia rebaudiana. The assay of the crude drugs and extracts from the stevia leaf area of Malang, Tawangmangu, and Bogor using High Performance Liquid Chromatograph method. Results of the assay stevioside on simplicia and stevia leaf extract obtained stevioside levels in simplicia stevia leaves from Malang, Bogor, Tawangmangu consecutive namely 5.65%; 3.89%; 1.59%. Stevioside levels in the stevia leaf extract of Malang, Bogor, Tawangmangu respectively, are 14.14%; 22.40%; 66.65%.Key word: Stevia rebaudiana leaf, stevioside content, High Performance Liquid Chromatograph

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Zewail, Reda M. Y., Maha Ali, Ibrahim S. H. El-Gamal, Sherine H. A. Al-Maracy, Khandakar R. Islam, Mohamed Elsadek, Ehab Azab, et al. "Interactive Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation with Nano Boron, Zinc, and Molybdenum Fertilization on Stevioside Contents of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana, L.) Plants." Horticulturae 7, no. 8 (August 22, 2021): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7080260.

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Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana, L.) is receiving increasing global interest as a diabetes-focused herb associated with zero-calorie stevioside sweetener glycoside production. This study was conducted to determine whether the arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), as a biofertilizer integrated with nano boron (B), zinc (Zn), and molybdenum (Mo), would improve stevia growth and stevioside content. A factorial experiment with four replicates was conducted to evaluate the effect of AM at 0, 150, and 300 spore/g soil and three nano microelements B at 100 mg/L, Zn at 100 mg/L, and Mo at 40 mg/L on growth performance, stevioside, mineral contents, and biochemical contents of stevia. Results indicated that the combination of AM at 150 and B at 100 mg/L significantly increased plant height, number of leaves, fresh and dry-stem, and herbal g/plant during the 2019 and 2020 growing seasons. Chlorophyll content was increased by the combination between AM at 150 spore/g soil and B at 100 mg/L during both seasons. Stevioside content in leaves was increased by AM at 150 spore/g soil and B at 100 mg/L during the second season. In addition, N, P, K, Zn, and B in the leaf were increased by applying the combination of AM and nano microelements. Leaf bio constituent contents were increased with AM at 150 spore/g soil and B at 100 mg/L during both seasons. The application of AM and nano B can be exploited for high growth, mineral, and stevioside contents as a low-calorie sweetener product in stevia.

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Zaman, MM, MAH Chowdhury, and Tanzin Chowdhury. "Integrated effects of poultry manure and chemical fertilizer on the growth, leaf yield and stevioside content of stevia." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 13, no. 2 (July 20, 2016): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v13i2.28777.

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Stevia is important for its leaves which are used as non calorie sweetener and also in many therapeutic applications including diabetes. The present investigation was carried out in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to investigate the integrated effects of poultry manure (PM) and chemical fertilizer (CF) on the growth, leaf biomass yield and stevioside content of stevia grown in two contrasting soils (acid and non-calcareous) of Bangladesh. Six combinations of PM and CF viz. PM0+CF0, PM0+CF100, PM3+CF50, PM3+CF75, PM5+CF50, PM5+CF75 were used. The study revealed that PM along with different percentages of chemical fertilizers exerted significant influence on the growth, leaf yield and stevioside content of stevia. The highest values of all the parameters except stevioside were found from the plant receiving PM @ 3 t ha-1 along with 75% CF. The leaf biomass yield was 1088% and 867% higher in acid soil and non-calcareous soil, respectively, over control. Stevioside content was increased with increasing the levels of PM up to 5 t ha-1 and also with the advancement of growth period from 30 to 60 days after planting. The highest amount of stevioside (10.45%) was detected in the leaves of the plant that received PM @ 5 t ha-1 along with 75% CF at 60 DAP in acid soil and it was 9.11% in non-calcareous soil at the same period. The lowest values of all the parameters including stevioside content were obtained from the plant which received neither PM nor CF. Considering the overall performance, farmers may be advised to cultivate stevia in acid soil applying PM @ 3 t ha-1 along with 75% chemical fertilizer to boost up the production of stevia under the agro-climatic condition of the study area in the context of Bangladesh.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 13(2): 175-182, December 2015

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Rather, Ashaq Hussain, S. Singh, Basharat Suhail, and Ghanshyam Patel. "Stevia (Meethi Patti) as an alternative form of sugar." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 2 (March 15, 2019): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i2.2503.

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Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni) is a herb. Stevioside, non-caloric sweetener present in the leaves of Stevia are non-nutritive, non-toxic, high-potency sweeteners and being 300 times sweeter than sucrose may be alternate for sucrose as well as other synthetic sweeteners. This review summarizes history of Stevia, nutritional composition of Stevia, cultivation, industrial overview and biological applications. Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana, Stevioside, Sweetener

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Gatea, Florentina, Ionela Sârbu, and Emanuel Vamanu. "In Vitro Modulatory Effect of Stevioside, as a Partial Sugar Replacer in Sweeteners, on Human Child Microbiota." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (March 13, 2021): 590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030590.

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The effect of stevioside on human health is still insufficiently highlighted by recent research. The total or partial replacement of sugar with sweeteners influences the general state of health, especially the human microbiota’s response as a determining factor in the onset of type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to present the long-term (one-year) in vitro effect that regular stevioside consumption had on children’s pattern microbiota. A metabolomic response was established by determining the synthesis of organic acids and a correlation with antioxidant status. An increase in the number of bacterial strains and the variation of amount of butyrate and propionate to the detriment of lactic acid was observed. The effect was evidenced by the progressive pH increasing, the reduction of acetic acid, and the proliferation of Escherichia coli strains during the simulations. Synthesis of the main short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was interpreted as a response (adaptation) of the microbiota to the stevioside, without a corresponding increase in antioxidant status. This study demonstrated the modulatory role of stevioside on the human microbiota and on the fermentation processes that determine the essential SCFA synthesis in maintaining homeostasis. The protection of the microbiota against oxidative stress was also an essential aspect of reducing microbial diversity.

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Asadzadeh, Behnaz, Bingbing Liu, and Weidong Yan. "Investigation of solid–liquid equilibrium of stevioside in different pure and binary mix solvents at various temperatures." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 97, no. 12 (December 2019): 815–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2019-0232.

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The solubility of stevioside (a natural sweetener) in 12 pure solvents (methanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-buthanol, 2-buthanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol, 2-buthoxyethanol, water, and acetone) and in binary mixed solvents (2-ethoxyethanol + water) have been determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method at temperatures ranging from 288.15 to 328.15 K and atmospheric pressure. From the experimental data, it was found that the solubility increased with the rising temperature in all selected solvents. The experimental data for the solubility of stevioside were correlated with Apelblat and non-random two-liquid (NRTL) models. It was found that the Apelblat model has the better quality in fitting the solubility data. Also, thermodynamic functions of dissolution, mixing and transfer process were calculated by the van’t Hoff equation. Furthermore, the crystal habits of stevioside in selected solvents were studied.

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Parris, Cheryl A., Clinton C. Shock, and Michael Qian. "Soil Water Tension Irrigation Criteria Affects Stevia rebaudiana Leaf Yield and Leaf Steviol Glycoside Composition." HortScience 52, no. 1 (January 2017): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci11352-16.

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Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is of interest for the production of steviol glycosides due to their noncaloric sweetening properties. Commercial stevia leaf production to date has focused on rebaudioside A and stevioside. Relatively little is known about the cultural practices necessary for the efficient production of stevia leaf and steviol glycosides. Irrigation management is an important agronomic technique that growers can use to obtain high yield while also pursuing water use efficiency (WUE). This trial investigated the effect that irrigation onset criteria measured as soil water tension (SWT) had on dry stevia leaf yields, steviol glycoside content and yield, and steviol glycoside ratios. Two stevia cultivars, SW 107 and SW 129 (S&W Seed Company Inc., Fresno, CA), were subjected to SWT irrigation criteria of 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 kPa over a 57-day trial period at the Oregon State University (OSU) Malheur Experiment Station, Ontario, OR. Harvested plant material was evaluated for dry leaf yield and content of several steviol glycosides. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant cultivar differences in leaf yield, leaf stevioside and rebaudioside A content and yield, and steviol glycoside ratios (P = 0.05). Examining the data by ANOVA, dry leaf yield, stevioside percent, rebaudioside C percent, total steviol glycoside (TSG) percent, rebaudioside C yield, and TSG yield were significantly greater among the wetter (closer to 10 kPa) compared with the drier (closer to 80 kPa) SWT criteria treatments, yet a preferred treatment regime was not clearly evident. When comparing cultivars by regression analysis, there was a highly significant decrease in the stevioside content, and an increase in the ratio of rebaudioside A to stevioside from wetter to drier irrigation onset criteria (due to lower stevioside), whereas the rebaudioside A content did not respond significantly to differing irrigation criteria. Increasing dry leaf productivity with wetter irrigation criteria (closer to 10 kPa), directly increased the total rebaudioside A yield also, which in turn could provide increased crop value to the grower. Irrigating near 10 kPa produced higher dry leaf yield and total rebaudioside A yield, than irrigating at drier criteria.

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., Supriyadi, Siswandono ., and Mochammad Yuwono. "METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF STEVIOSIDE, REBAUDIOSIDE-A, REBAUDIOSIDE C AND DULCOSIDE A CONTAINED IN STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI USING HPLC-ELSD." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159//ijpps.2016.v8i9.11404.

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Objective: To develop and validate a selective HPLC-ELSD method for determination of steviol glycosides contained in Stevia rebaudiana, mainly stevioside, rebauside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A. Methods: The chromatographic separation of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A was achieved using Phenomenex Luna column 250 mm x 4.6 mm i.d. in isocratic system mode with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water (35: 65). The temperature of nebulization and evaporization of the ELS detector was set at 50 oC and 70 oC, respectively.Results: The good separation of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C, and dulcoside A was obtained, yielding the resolution of all the analytes more than 1.5. All the validation parameters like specificity, linearity, range, accuracy and precision met the acceptance criteria according to ICH guidelines.Conclusion: The proposed HPLC-ELSD method is simple and sensitive for the simultaneously detection and determination of stevioside, rebaudioside A, rebaudioside C and dulcoside A contained in Stevia rebaudiana. The method was successfully applied for the determination of the samples product of Stevia rebaudiana.Keywords: Stevioside, Rebaudioside A, Rebaudioside C, Dulcoside A, HPLC-ELSD

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Musa, Abubakr, Ming Miao, Mohammed Gasmalla, Tao Zhang, Ahmed Eibaid, Waleed Aboshora, and Bo Jiang. "Stability of Stevioside and Glucosyl-Stevioside under Acidic Conditions and its Degradation Products." Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 2, no. 4 (May 11, 2014): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.12691/jfnr-2-4-11.

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Debarba, Rômulo João, Cícero Deschamps, Luiz Alberto Kanis, Diego Moterle, and Marcio Rampelotti. "Phenotypic performance of four stevia genotypes in the Alto Vale do Itajaí region, Brazil." Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Hortícolas 13, no. 2 (May 1, 2019): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17584/rcch.2019v13i2.10128.

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An evaluation of four stevia genotypes for biomass yield, stevioside and rebaudioside A content and yield under decreasing photoperiod conditions was carried out in the Alto Vale do Itajaí region, located in the State of Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil. This field experiment was conducted at Site São Miguel, a farm located in the city of Lontras (SC), Brazil, under conditions of decreasing photoperiods, with a variation of 13.72 h of light at experiment implantation to 12.57 h of light at the end of the evaluations. The treatments consisted of four genotypes (G4, G8, G9 and G12) provided by EMBRAPA-CENARGEN. A randomized complete block design with four treatments (stevia genotypes) and four replications was used. Each plot consisted of 21 plants, and the floor area had five plants. G12 had the highest leaf dry weight (LDW), total leaf area, leaf area index, leaf area ratio and specific leaf area of all the genotypes. G4 and G12 were equal for LDW and were higher than the other genotypes, with yields of 755.6 and 836.4 kg ha-1, respectively. The stevioside content was highest in G12 (200.07 mg g-1). G8 and G9 were similar for rebaudioside A content (64.77 and 49.05 mg g-1, respectively). The rebaudioside A: stevioside ratio was highest in G8 (0.44 g g-1). No genotype had a rebaudioside A: stevioside ratio suitable for industry requirements.

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Jiang, Jingle, Lina Qi, Zengpeng Lv, Song Jin, Xihui Wei, and Fangxiong Shi. "Dietary Stevioside Supplementation Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Mucosal Damage through Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects in Broiler Chickens." Antioxidants 8, no. 12 (November 21, 2019): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8120575.

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The study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary stevioside (STE) supplementation on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal mucosal damage of broiler chickens. A total of 192 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks were randomly divided into four treatments: (1) basal diet (CON); (2) basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg stevioside (STE); (3) basal diet + LPS-challenge (LPS); (4) basal diet supplemented with 250 mg/kg stevioside + LPS-challenge (LPS + STE). LPS-challenged groups received an intraperitoneal injection of LPS at 17, 19 and 21 d, whereas the CON and STE groups received a saline injection. The results showed that dietary STE supplementation normalized LPS-induced changes in protein expression of p-NF-κB and p-IκBα, mRNA expression of inflammatory genes (TLR4, NF-κB, and IFN-γ), tight junction-related genes (CLDN2, OCLN, and ZO-1), and antioxidant genes (Nrf2 and HO-1). LPS-induced decreases in serum diamine oxidase (DAO) level, villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, apoptotic index, and protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were reversed with dietary STE supplementation. Additionally, STE supplementation ameliorated the redox damage by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content and increasing total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and antioxidant enzyme activity. In conclusion, dietary stevioside supplementation could alleviate LPS-induced intestinal mucosal damage through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in broiler chickens.

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Ribeiro, Maria Margarida, Tatiana Diamantino, Joana Domingues, Ílio Montanari, Marcos Nopper Alves, and José Carlos Gonçalves. "Stevia rebaudiana germplasm characterization using microsatellite markers and steviol glycosides quantification by HPLC." Molecular Biology Reports 48, no. 3 (March 2021): 2573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-06308-x.

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AbstractStevia rebaudianaBertoni, Asteraceae, is an herbaceous perennial plant native to Paraguay. This species is considered since ancient times a medicinal plant with important bioactive compounds and pharmacologic and food properties, namely diterpenes glycosides. The high natural sweetener potential stevioside and rebaudioside A produced byS. rebaudianaplants are suitable sucrose substitutes, and their obtention is influenced by environmental, phytosociological, and genetic factors. The plants’ genetic profile and sweet potential depiction are needed for suitable plant selection for improvement and deployment. Thirty-oneS. rebaudianaaccessions grown in the same plot where leaves samples were collected in early 2019, were genotyped using six microsatellite markers, including two steviol glycosides biosynthesis functionally involved markers. Additionally, an aqueous extract of each sample was obtained in a water bath and purified by SPE for stevioside and rebaudioside A quantification by normal phase HPLC. Stevioside and rebaudioside A contents varied between 0.53–7.36% (w w−1) and 0.37–3.60% (w w−1), respectively. Two genotypes displayed interesting ratios of rebaudioside A/stevioside (number 3 and 33). The level of genetic similarity between genotypes was tested through a pairwise similarity coefficient, and two groups of individuals had the same fingerprinting. Strong relatedness was found within genotypes, possibly due to cloning, thus, influx of new germplasm ought to be made to prevent mating between relatives, and for further selection and genetic improvement.

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He, Yang-Chun, Sheng Fang, and Xue-Jiao Xu. "Simultaneous determination of acesulfame-K, aspartame and stevioside in sweetener blends by ultraviolet spectroscopy with variable selection by sipls algorithm." Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 31, no. 1 (June 15, 2012): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20450/mjcce.2012.53.

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A chemometric-assisted UV absorption spectroscopic method is proposed for the simultaneous determination of acesulfame-K, aspartame and stevioside in raw powder mixtures of commercial sweeteners. The synergy interval partial least squares (siPLS) algorithm was applied to select the optimum spectral range and their combinations. The utilization of spectral region selection aims to construct better partial least squares (PLS) model than that established from the full-spectrum range. The results show that the siPLS algorithm can find out an optimized combination of spectral regions, yielding lower relative standard error of prediction (RSEP) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), as well as simplifying the model. The RMSEP and RSEP obtained after selection of intervals by siPLS were 0.1330 μg·ml–1 and 1.50 % for acesulfame-K, 0.2540 μg·ml–1 and 1.64 % for aspartame, 1.4041 μg·ml–1 and 2.03 % for stevioside respectively. The recovery values range from 98.12 % to 101.88 % for acesulfame-K, 98.63 % to 102.96% for aspartame, and 96.38 % to 104.04 % for stevioside respectively.

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Muthusamy, Kalaiarasan, and Mimi Sakinah Abdul Munaim. "Determination of Factors Affecting Extraction of Rebaudioside A & Stevioside from Stevia Leaves." International Journal of Engineering Technology and Sciences 6, no. 1 (July 12, 2019): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijets.v6i1.1938.

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Solid-liquid extraction is a recovery process in which the extracting solvent will recover certain components from a solid material. In this study, three extracting solvents were used which are absolute ethanol, acetone and distilled water. These solvents extracted two sweet components, Rebaudioside A and stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana. These two components can be converted into natural sweetener with zero calorie which does not affect blood glucose level. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum value of parameters to extract the highest amount of steviol glycosides. The extraction was done in 3 phases. First phase was to determine the best ratio between stevia and extracting solvent, second phase determined the best extracting time and third phase was to obtain the optimum temperature. From this study, ethanol proved to be the best extracting solvent. Ethanol extraction of Rebaudioside A and stevioside in the most suitable condition (ratio 1:25, 1 hour and 40℃) produced 12.48% of stevioside and 0.57% of Rebaudioside A.

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Geuns, Jan M. C., Ramon D. Malheiros, Vera M. B. Moraes, Eddy M. P. Decuypere, Frans Compernolle, and Johan G. Buyse. "Metabolism of Stevioside by Chickens." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 51, no. 4 (February 2003): 1095–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf020835o.

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Wan, Hui-da, and Yong-mei Xia. "Enzymatic transformation of stevioside using a β-galactosidase from Sulfolobus sp." Food & Function 6, no. 10 (2015): 3291–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5fo00631g.

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Kobetičová, Klára, Klára Anna Mocová, Lucie Mrhálková, and Šárka Petrová. "Effects of artificial sweeteners on Lemna minor." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 36, No. 5 (November 8, 2018): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/413/2016-cjfs.

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Artificial sweeteners are common micropollutants in the aquatic environment. They were detected both in surface waters and in groundwater. Human toxicity has also been studied quite intensively but their ecotoxicity has not been studied so far. To assess the impact of four artificial sweeteners (aspartame, sucralose, saccharine, and acesulfame K) and one natural sweetener (stevioside) on freshwater plants, a growth inhibition test was set up in the macrophyte duckweed (Lemna minor). Subsequently full dose-response curves were established by exposing L. minor plants to concentrations of each individual sweetener ranging from 6.25 mg/l up to 100 mg/l for 7 days. Three different endpoints were tested: frond number, frond area and total chlorophyll content. Tests were performed under sterile conditions. Sweeteners had various effects on Lemna plants. Saccharine, acesulfame K and stevioside did not cause any significant negative effects on any of the measured parameters. On the contrary, stevioside and saccharine caused slowly stimulative effects. Aspartame and sucralose inhibited growth parameters (frond number and frond area) but the chlorophyll content was not affected.

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Ahn, Seunghyun, Jung Yeon Lee, Sang Mi Choi, Yujeong Shin, and Seyeon Park. "A Mixture of Tocopherol Acetate and L-Menthol Synergistically Promotes Hair Growth in C57BL/6 Mice." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 12 (December 18, 2020): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12121234.

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Oral finasteride and topical minoxidil are single components approved by the US FDA for treating hair loss. Some other compounds originating from natural products are also traditionally used for promoting hair growth. In this study, observations of treated keratinocyte cells were used to demonstrate that tocopherol acetate, L-menthol, and stevioside exert an effect on cell regeneration. Furthermore, these were topically applied to the shaved skin of C57BL/6 mice to observe their effects on hair growth. A mixture of tocopherol acetate, L-menthol, and stevioside showed the highest potential for promoting hair growth in vivo. In in vivo experiments, the mixture of tocopherol acetate, L-menthol, and stevioside was more effective than tocopherol acetate or L-menthol alone in promoting hair growth. The transcriptome analysis of skin from the dorsal side of a mouse treated with tocopherol acetate or L-menthol versus vehicle revealed key changes in keratin, keratin-associated protein, forkhead box, sonic hedgehog, fibroblast growth factor 10, desmoglein 4, deoxyribonuclease 1-like 2, and cadherin 3, known to play roles in promoting hair growth.

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Buzón-Durán, Laura, Jesús Martín-Gil, María del Carmen Ramos-Sánchez, Eduardo Pérez-Lebeña, José Luis Marcos-Robles, Ángel Fombellida-Villafruela, and Pablo Martín-Ramos. "Antifungal Activity against Fusarium culmorum of Stevioside, Silybum marianum Seed Extracts, and Their Conjugate Complexes." Antibiotics 9, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9080440.

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Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a disease that poses a major challenge in cereal production that has important food and feed safety implications due to trichothecene contamination. In this study, the effect of stevioside—a glycoside found in the leaves of candyleaf (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)—was evaluated in vitro against Fusarium culmorum (W.G. Smith) Sacc., alone and in combination (in a 1:1 molar ratio) with polyphenols obtained from milk thistle seeds (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn). Different concentrations, ranging from 32 to 512 µg·mL−1, were assayed, finding EC50 and EC90 inhibitory concentrations of 156 and 221 µg·mL−1, respectively, for the treatment based only on stevioside, and EC50 and EC90 values of 123 and 160 µg·mL−1, respectively, for the treatment based on the stevioside–polyphenol conjugate complexes. Colony formation inhibition results were consistent, reaching full inhibition at 256 µg·mL−1. Given that synergistic behavior was observed for this latter formulation (SF = 1.43, according to Wadley’s method), it was further assessed for grain protection at storage, mostly directed against mycotoxin contamination caused by the aforementioned phytopathogen, confirming that it could inhibit fungal growth and avoid trichothecene contamination. Moreover, seed tests showed that the treatment did not affect the percentage of germination, and it resulted in a lower incidence of root rot caused by the pathogen in Kamut and winter wheat seedlings. Hence, the application of these stevioside–S. marianum seed extract conjugate complexes may be put forward as a promising and environmentally friendly treatment for the protection of cereal crops and stored grain against FHB.

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44

Sarmiento-López, Luis G., Melina López-Meyer, Gabriela Sepúlveda-Jiménez, Luis Cárdenas, and Mario Rodríguez-Monroy. "Photosynthetic performance and stevioside concentration are improved by the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in Stevia rebaudiana under different phosphate concentrations." PeerJ 8 (October 19, 2020): e10173. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10173.

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In plants, phosphorus (P) uptake occurs via arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis and through plant roots. The phosphate concentration is known to affect colonization by AM fungi, and the effect depends on the plant species. Stevia rebaudiana plants are valuable sources of sweetener compounds called steviol glycosides (SGs), and the principal components of SGs are stevioside and rebaudioside A. However, a detailed analysis describing the effect of the phosphate concentration on the colonization of AM fungi in the roots and the relationship of these factors to the accumulation of SGs and photochemical performance has not been performed; such an analysis was the aim of this study. The results indicated that low phosphate concentrations (20 and 200 µM KH2PO4) induced a high percentage of colonization by Rhizophagus irregularis in the roots of S. rebaudiana, while high phosphate concentrations (500 and 1,000 µM KH2PO4) reduced colonization. The morphology of the colonization structure is a typical Arum-type mycorrhiza, and a mycorrhiza-specific phosphate transporter was identified. Colonization with low phosphate concentrations improved plant growth, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentration, and photochemical performance. The transcription of the genes that encode kaurene oxidase and glucosyltransferase (UGT74G1) was upregulated in colonized plants at 200 µM KH2PO4, which was consistent with the observed patterns of stevioside accumulation. In contrast, at 200 µM KH2PO4, the transcription of UGT76G1 and the accumulation of rebaudioside A were higher in noncolonized plants than in colonized plants. These results indicate that a low phosphate concentration improves mycorrhizal colonization and modulates the stevioside and rebaudioside A concentration by regulating the transcription of the genes that encode kaurene oxidase and glucosyltransferases, which are involved in stevioside and rebaudioside A synthesis in S. rebaudiana.

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Geuns, Jan M. C., Patrick Augustijns, Raf Mols, Johan G. Buyse, and Bert Driessen. "Metabolism of stevioside in pigs and intestinal absorption characteristics of stevioside, rebaudioside A and steviol." Food and Chemical Toxicology 41, no. 11 (November 2003): 1599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-6915(03)00191-1.

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46

Jiang, Jingle, Lina Qi, Quanwei Wei, and Fangxiong Shi. "Maternal stevioside supplementation ameliorates intestinal mucosal damage and modulates gut microbiota in chicken offspring challenged with lipopolysaccharide." Food & Function 12, no. 13 (2021): 6014–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0fo02871a.

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47

Zaman, MM, Md Arifur Rahman, Tanzin Chowdhury, and MAH Chowdhury. "Effects of combined application of chemical fertilizer and vermicompost on soil fertility, leaf yield and stevioside content of stevia." Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University 16, no. 1 (April 30, 2018): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v16i1.36484.

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Sustainable nutrient management with the combination of organic and chemical fertilizer amendment expects a key part in upgrading stevia yield without harming the environment and to build up the nutrient balance with increasing soil fertility. A pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to study the combined effect of vermicompost (VC) and chemical fertilizer (CF) on the growth, leaf biomass yield and stevioside content of stevia in acid soil. Six combinations of VC and CF were applied following completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that VC along with different rates of CF exerted significant influence on the growth, leaf biomass yield and stevioside content of stevia and postharvest soil fertility. The highest values for most of the parameters were found from the plant receiving VC @ 7.5 t ha−1 along with 50% CF. About 578% higher leaf biomass yield was obtained from the treatment VC7.5+CF50 over control. Stevioside content was increased with the increasing levels of VC up to 7.5 t ha−1 along with 75% of CF and also with the advancement of growth period from 30 to 60 days after planting. The highest amount of stevioside (11.05%) was detected in the leaves of plant of the same treatment at harvest. Soil acidity was significantly decreased with the increased levels of VC and CF where as soil fertility in terms of organic matter and nutrient content was increased. Considering the overall performance, farmers may be advised to cultivate stevia in acid soil applying VC @ 7.5 t ha−1 along with 50% chemical fertilizer to boost up stevia production under the agroclimatic condition of the study area in the context of BangladeshJ. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 73-81, April 2018

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Zavorokhina, Nataliya, Olga Chugunova, and Olga Feofilaktova. "The use of curcumin in modeling gerontological drinks with enhanced flavor." E3S Web of Conferences 176 (2020): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017601014.

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In connection with the emerging global trend of an increase in the number of elderly people, an increase in morbidity and age-related changes occurring in the body, including a deterioration in taste and olfactory sensitivity, there is a need to provide rational nutrition for this category of citizens. The aim of the study was to model the formulations of gerontological drinks with enhanced flavor with a low glycemic index, with enhanced functional properties and containing the stevioside-curcumin complex.The study was carried out in the city of Yekaterinburg in three stages: investigated the taste and olfactory sensitivity in people aged 25-40 years and 65-90 years, investigated the effect of stevia extracts on the solubility of curcumin, simulated samples of drinks. It was found that the recognition of tastes in people in the age group of 65-90 years is worse in comparison with people in the age group of 25-40 years: for salty - by 37.8%, for sour - by 39.0%, for bitter - by 64 , 0%, for sweets by 6.0%. Olfactory sensitivity is 25.9% worse. Disease sensitivity is significantly affected by the disease: sensitivity is worse in diseases of the digestive system by 22.9%, circulatory system - by 26.8%, endocrine system - by 25.2%, genitourinary system - by 26.1%. To enhance the flavor intensity, yeast extract and the stevioside-curcumin complex obtained by extraction of curcumin from turmeric rhizome powder with long ethyl alcohol using stevioside were added to the drinks. It was found that with the addition of stevioside in an amount of 8%, the maximum yield of curcumin was observed — 14.33 ± 0.3 mg / ml. Then they developed model samples of drinks, the sweetness profile of which is close to that of sugar, the aftertaste is 3 times longer, the taste intensity is 15% higher, antioxidant activity is 5.7 times more than that of a competitor.

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49

Hanson, J. R., and B. H. De Oliveira. "Stevioside and related sweet diterpenoid glycosides." Natural Product Reports 10, no. 3 (1993): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/np9931000301.

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50

Yadav, SubhashC, SudeshK Yadav, Anil Sood, Mohit Sharma, and Bikram Singh. "Development of Antidiabetic Nanomedicine from Stevioside." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2011.1198.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Steviosideo'

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