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1
Greenfield, Paul Michael. "Steps?" Thesis, University of Bristol, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245526.
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The general theme running throughout this study is the enhancement of step functions which have been degraded by blur and/or additive noise in some form or another. We deal with step functions in both one and two dimensions. The two main areas of study are i. The enhancement of Synthetic Aperture Radar data. This is data which can be thought of some form of step function in two dimensions, and, ii. The enhancement of one dimensional step functions which have been degraded by both blur and additive noise. Although (i) is very specific to Synthetic Aperture Radar data (ii) is far more general and can be applied to any such data in this general category of steps. In fact a very wide range of problems can be thought of within the general context of being step-related. We describe and develop several methods is this study to deal with such problems.
2
Airy, Melissa. "Sacred steps." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2019. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6694.
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The action and tradition of pilgrimage in any faith, is the accumulation of many small steps over a great distance leading to a sacred destination. Pilgrimage is a way of letting the outward journey of our bodies enrich and enable the inner journeys of our hearts and minds.
Roman Catholics undertake the pilgrimage to Rome in order to be close to the center of their faith. Millions flock to Lourdes, France to experience healing through touching the holy water where the Virgin Mary appeared to St. Bernadette. Others walk on foot across the ancient 800 km sacred route across Spain called the Camino de Santiago following in the footsteps of St. James. Regardless of the destination, pilgrims move within the geography of faith, along a path scattered with traces of holiness, in places where God’s grace has been shown abundantly to bring conversions of holiness.
My work is a visual representation of my personal experiences as a sojourner to these three sacred landscapes in an attempt to understand the profound sense of purpose and awakening that I encountered along the way.
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Communications, University. "Understanding Underground Stems." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622093.
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Paulson, Aaron. "Rabbit stew." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/MQ39926.pdf.
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Theis, Daniel R. "Everything stems from nothing." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1181669466/.
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Starovoytov, Artem. "Steps towards silicon optoelectronics." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10699.
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This thesis addresses the issue of a potential future microelectronics technology, namely the possibility of utilising the optical properties of nanocrystalline silicon for optoelectronic circuits. The subject is subdivided into three chapters. Chapter 1 is an introduction. It formulates the oncoming problem for microelectronic development, explains the basics of Integrated Optoelectronics, introduces porous silicon as a new light-emitting material and gives a brief review of other competing light-emitting material systems currently under investigation. Examples of existing porous silicon devices are given. Chapter 2 reviews the basic physics relevant to the subject of this thesis and informs on the present situation in this field of research, including both experimental and theoretical knowledge gained up-to-date. The chapter provides the necessary background for correct interpretation of the results reported in Chapter 3 and for a realistic decision on the direction for future work. Chapter 3 describes my own experimental and computational results within the framework of the subject, obtained at De Montfort University. These include: onestep preparation of laterally structured porous silicon with photoluminescence and microscopy characterisation, Raman spectroscopy of porous silicon, a polarisation study of the photoluminescence from porous silicon, computer simulations of the conductivity of two-component media and of laser focused atomic deposition for nanostructure fabrication. Thus, this thesis makes a dual contribution to the chosen field: it summarises the present knowledge on the possibility of utilising optical properties of nanocrystalline silicon in silicon-based electronics, and it reports new results within the framework of the subject. The main conclusion is that due to its promising optoelectronic properties nanocrystalline silicon remains a prospective competitor for the cheapest and fastest microelectronics of the next century.
7
Hamalainen, Hasse Joel. "Aristotle's steps to virtue." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19515.
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How to become morally virtuous? Among the students of Aristotle, it is often assumed that the philosopher does not have a fully worked-out theoretical answer to this question. Some interpreters (e.g. Burnyeat 1980, most recently Curzer 2012) have, however, recognised that Aristotle may have a comprehensive theory of moral development. However, even those interpreters have made only scarce attempts to study Aristotle’s theory in connection with the questions about his moral psychology. Unlike Aristotle’s theory of moral development as such, several of those questions are among the most debated issues in current Aristotle scholarship - for example, whether we need reason to identify good actions or whether habituated non-rational affects suffice; what makes us responsible for our actions, and how the philosopher conceives the relationship between phronesis and moral motivation. In my thesis, I aim at connecting these important questions with Aristotle’s theory of moral development. I hope to show that this approach will yield a picture on which Aristotle’s theory is divisible into two steps that one has to choose to take in order to become morally virtuous. I argue first that identifying good ends, and actions, requires reason. In order to become morally responsible, a person has thus to develop a rational ability to identify good actions. I show that Aristotle’s term for such ability is synesis. The first step to virtue, I conclude, is to use this ability well, to choose to become virtuous and habituate one’s character into acting well. The second step is to acquire phronesis, understanding why good actions are good, to complement a habituated character. Developing of phronesis requires both considerable experience in acting well and philosophical teaching about ethics, but it is necessary for moral virtue. Although a finely-habituated person is invulnerable to akrasia with regard to pleasures even if he did not have phronesis, Aristotle allows, I show, that he might still be prone to impetuous akrasia, whereas phronimos could avoid akratic behaviour in any situation.
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Marimo, Patience. "Steps Towards Deciphering the Post-Polyketide Synthase Tailoring Steps in the Phoslactomycin Biosynthesis Pathway." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2408.
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Phoslactomycins (PLMs) are a group of natural products belonging to a polyketides class. These polyketides are synthesized by sequential reaction catalyzed by a collection of enzymes activities called polyketide synthases. A polyketide is a large class of diverse compounds that are characterized by more than two carbonyl groups connected by single intervening carbon atoms. In other words, a polyketide is a polymer whose monomer is a ketide. The PLMs are also known as phosphazomycins or phospholines. These compounds were isolated based on antifungal and antitumor activities. This array of promising biological activities has stimulated research into the field of PLMs for treatment of various diseases such as aspergillosis. A significant success has been reported in understanding and manipulating PLM biosynthesis. However, its post-polyketide biosynthetic mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we established steps needed to pave the way for the elucidation of the post-polyketide synthase tailoring steps in the phoslactomycin biosynthetic pathway. Various, biological activities of polyketide natural products are often linked with specific structural motifs, biosynthetically introduced after construction of the polyketide core. Therefore, investigation of such "post-polyketide synthase (PKS)" modifications is important, and the accumulated knowledge on these processes can be applied for combinatorial biosynthesis to generate new polyketide derivatives with enhanced biological activity.
In this study, the enzymes and genes responsible for the modification of the phoslactomycin moiety have been investigated to verify their functions and to study how they are coordinated to achieve the desired phoslactomycin. The proposed modification steps in the PLM biosynthesis pathway involves, PlmT4 a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, PlmT5, a kinase, and PlmT8 an oxidoreductase. These enzymes were successfully cloned, overexpressed, and purified from an overexpression vector. Mutant strains for two genes plmT4 and plmT8 were either constructed or studied. The function of PlmT4 tailoring enzyme was characterized, by gene disruption and an in vitro enzyme activity assay. The isolation of PLM 1 an intermediate analog from plmT4 mutant strain and the observation of a malonylated PLMs, suggests that the malonyl side chain is introduced during polyketide chain formation These results, will pave the way to delineate the intermediary steps between the PLM PKS product(s) that is released from the PLM PKS and the formation of the final phoslactomycin.
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Stower, M. J. "Early steps in neural induction." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1352629/.
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Neural induction is the instructive interaction whereby signals emitted from the organizer direct cells in the ectoderm to a neural fate and thereby to form the neural plate. Recent work in many labs has suggested that it involves a hierarchy of molecular events. Here, I investigate the earliest steps in the neural induction cascade and the signals that define them. Many genes expressed during the neural induction cascade have been shown to be regulated by FGF. However the signals that induce three of the genes, Bert, TrkC and Obelix, are unknown. I therefore tested candidate signalling molecules by misexpression analysis. While Obelix is also regulated by FGF, none of many factors tested, including FGF, retinoic acid, somatostatin, noggin, insulin, and increasing intracellular calcium were able to induce expression of TrkC or Bert. BMP also plays an important role in neural induction, I therefore studied how cells may integrate TGFβ signalling through Smad1 and Smad2. I used a BiFCo approach to investigate Smad protein binding interactions in culture and in vivo, however this did not turn out to be a useful method for this question. Finally I investigated the ground-state of the epiblast at the start of the neural induction cascade. Culture of early epiblast explants showed, unexpectedly, that cells initially enter a state similar to that of the neural plate border, confirmed by their subsequent differentiation into lens. This correlates with the finding that BMP signalling in vivo only affects cells of the neural plate border region and suggests why explants can be neuralized by BMP. Overall, the experiments reveal a hitherto unknown importance of a neural border cell-state, and suggest that lens is the ground state at the start of the neural induction cascade.
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Szczepanik, Edward. "Six Steps to Effective Leadership." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1110920585.
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Okada, Naoki. "TRACE ELEMENTS IN TREE STEMS." Kyoto University, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/78225.
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Brenholt, Michael A. "The "STEPS" Camp interface CD." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002brenholtm/2002brenholtm.pdf.
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Nibur, Kevin Andrew. "Nanoindentation slip steps and hydrogen embritlement." Online access for everyone, 2005. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2005/k%5Fnibur%5F071305.pdf.
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Hayne, Michael J. "Hypervelocity flow over rearward-facing steps /." [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18242.pdf.
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Topp, Elin Anna. "Initial steps toward human augmented mapping." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4104.
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O'Reilly, Shamus. "Steps towards the development of biosensors." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403980.
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Evans, Daniel Mackenzie. "Synthetic steps towards the cylindrospermopsin alkaloids." Thesis, Bangor University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590643.
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Detailed herein is the tethered Biginelli condensation between irninium ion 201 and beta keto ester 206 leading to a model tricyclic ring system representative of the guanidinium core of cylindrospennopsin alkaloids. This was achieved in a biosynthetically-inspired manner in 12 steps and 8.3% overall yield from simple, commercially available 1,5-pentanediol 172. Also discussed is the adaption of this methodology to allow for the highly efficient stereoselective synthesis of all 3 of the cylindrospermopsin alkaloids and the preparation of the advanced synthetic intermediate nitro-alcohol 223.
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Faulkner, Jerome Ralph. "INTERMEDIATE STEPS OF LOLINE ALKALOID BIOSYNTHESIS." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/209.
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Epichloë species and their anamorphs, Neotyphodium species, are fungal endophytes that inhabit cool-season grasses and often produce bioprotective alkaloids. These alkaloids include lolines, which are insecticidal and insect feeding deterrents. Lolines are exo-1-aminopyrrolizidines with an oxygen bridge between carbons 2 and 7, and are usually methylated and formylated or acetylated on the 1-amine. In previously published studies lolines were shown to be derived from the amino acids L-proline and L-homoserine. In addition the gene cluster involved in loline-alkaloid biosynthesis has also been characterized. In this dissertation a survey of plant-endophyte symbioses revealed a phenotype with only N-acetylnorloline. This phenotype provided insights into loline alkaloid production. This dissertation focuses on determining the steps to loline biosynthesis after the amino acid precursors. The study involves feeding isotopically labeled potential precursors to loline-alkaloid-producing cultures of Neotyphodium uncinatum, as well as RNA interference (RNAi) of N. uncinatum genes for steps in the pathway. Synthesized deuterated compounds were fed to loline-alkaloid-producing cultures of N. uncinatum to test their possible roles as precursors or intermediates in the loline-alkaloid pathway. N-Formylloline was extracted from the cultures and assayed by GCMS for incorporation of the deuterium label. The results indicated that N-(3-amino, 3-carboxy)propylproline and exo-1-aminopyrrolizidine are intermediates in the loline-alkaloid biosynthetic pathway. Plasmids were also designed for expression of double-stranded RNA homologous to loline-alkaloid biosynthesis genes, and introduced by transformation into N. uncinatum. This RNAi strategy resulted in fungal transformants altered in loline-alkaloid profiles. The RNAi results indicated that N-acetyl-1-aminopyrrolizidine is the intermediate before oxygen bridge formation. Based on the results of this study and the likely roles of the loline-alkaloid biosynthesis genes inferred from signature sequences of their predicted protein products, I propose a pathway of bond formation steps in loline-alkaloid biosynthesis.
19
Gains, Francesca. "Understanding department : next steps agency relationships." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6028/.
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This thesis examines the establishment of 'Next Steps' agencies in government and how they were intended to allow the delivery of government goals at arm's length. The research is concerned with how changes in relationships at the heart of Government can be understood. It seeks to address the impact of these changes on the policy process. It does so by examining the nature of the relationship between departments and agencies and asking why some relationships appeared to have worked well and others have not. These questions are not adequately addressed in the existing literature on agencies. The thesis takes a multiple case study approach and draws on the concepts of historical institutionalism, power dependency and policy networks to approach these questions. It is argued that the introduction and development of agencies changed the formal and informal institutional 'rules of the game', affecting the roles actors expected to play and radically altered the distribution of resources in central government. The changed distribution of resources led to the development of new power dependent networks between departments and agencies. Path dependency in the development of the Next Steps concept led to a tension between the idea of agencies operating at 'arm's length' with the continuation of traditional accountability arrangements. The key argument presented is that, where department-agency networks are based on shared values, goals and institutional support, they will be able to manage the tension created by the new institutional arrangements and are able to successfully deliver government goals. In concluding, it is suggested that understanding department-agency relationships as power dependent networks presents three implications. Firstly, for the applicability of this analytical framework to other 'institutional arrangements', secondly for policy making in the core executive and, finally, for insights on normative issues of accountability and autonomy in contemporary governance.
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Denisenko, Y., and L. M. Chuchilina. "Crisis fn Ukraine: steps to revival." Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17046.
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Marlow, Gregory. "Week 14, Video 06: Duplicating Steps." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/digital-animation-videos-oer/93.
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Kruger, Justin. "Steps towards decisiveness in social choice." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED050.
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Le choix social repose sur l’agrégation de préférences, parfois conflictuelles, afin de produire une décision collective pour le groupe. Nous examinons dans quelle mesure une procédure de choix social peut être décisive c'est-à-dire renvoyer une décision sans ex-æquo. Pour introduire cette question, nous prenons l'exemple d'un concours sportif, pour lequel on ne veut qu'un seul gagnant. De manière générale, nous décrivons une méthode pour rendre des procédures plus décisives. En particulier nous étudions des procédures basées sur les tournois, une représentation spécifique des préférences. Avec une interprétation globale des informations sur les préférences, nous définissons un concept abstrait, saisissant le caractère décisif d'une procédure. D'un autre côté, en nous basant sur une interprétation locale des informations disponibles, nous rendons la propriété célèbre d'« indépendance des alternatives non pertinentes » plus faible en utilisant certaines restrictions de domaine sur les préférences. Enfin nous combinons deux cadres d’agrégation : l'approche « Arrovian » qui s'appuie sur des préférences relatives où les alternatives sont comparées par paire et l'approche que nous nommons « évaluative » où les alternatives sont jugées dans l'absolu, indépendamment les uns des autresThe problem of social choice concerns aggregating multiple, perhaps conflicting preferences into a collective preferences or outcome. We consider how the information utilised affects how decisive the procedure can be that is to what extent ties can be avoided. As an introduction to these problems, we consider the problem of selecting the winners of a sports competition, for which a single winner is a desirable property. We describe a general method for making social choice procedures more decisive. In particular, we study procedures based upon preferences represented as structures called tournaments. Taking a global view of available information, we define an abstract concept which captures the notion of the decisiveness of a procedure. On the other hand, taking a local view of available information, we successfully weaken the property known as "(Arrovian) independence of irrelevant alternatives" in conjunction with domain restrictions.Finally we combine two frameworks of aggregation; the "Arrovian" approach wherein preferences are taken to be binary relations, for which alternatives are compared in pairs; and the approach that we call "evaluative", where the alternatives are given absolute evaluations, each alternative evaluated independently of the others
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Hughes, Philip Andrew. "Steps Toward A Universal Soil Classification." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17054.
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Steps Toward A Universal Soil Classification Chapter one focusses on the segmented nature of many schemes around the world and the requirements for a unified system. The strengths, weaknesses and suitability of these world systems lead to the conclusion that there is no unified soil taxonomic system. Chapter two discusses the steps of creating a world taxonomic system. It suggests that many of the philosophical problems with Australian taxonomy can be solved. A new algorithm is formulated in which key extragrade points are nominated, turning them into the focal point of clusters. Data that is not extreme is free to resolve into typical fuzzy k means (FKM) clusters within the end points. Chapter three takes akromeson and applies it to data from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). This chapter discusses the implications of this new method of horizon partitioning. Chapter four takes the ideas of principal component analysis and taxonomic distances. Algorithms regarding next nearest neighbour analysis (NNA) at the Order level for both taxonomies enables a new test for taxonomic accuracy. Chapter five consists of work on the mathematical methods required for a global taxonomy. Data needs to be converted into the same taxonomic space. Two Orders almost identical in pedological description are selected for analysis. The mean taxonomic distances for each Order are calculated to gain an understanding on how each Order from each classification system compares to Orders of the opposing taxonomic system. NNA is then further developed to determine which tiers of which taxonomy are on a similar operational level. Chapter six suggests there are taxa within both ST and ASC that are so close in properties and attributes as to be considered duplicates. The tiers of ST are matched by NNA to the closest tier of the ASC. These levels are harmonized and an algorithm devised to remove duplicate soil taxa, then the taxonomies are combined and assessed. In Chapter seven, ST is assessed, compared and matched with the ASC. The combined data set is split into groups and the differentiating properties are found and a numerical taxonomic description scheme created. The role of a functional nomenclature is discussed. In chapter eight it is concluded that it is possible to harmonize soil information and to create a taxonomic scheme.
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Silva, Júnior João Alves. "First steps in homotopy type theory." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/13853.
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Em abril de 2013, o Programa de Fundamentos Univalentes do IAS, Princeton, lançou o primeiro livro em teoria homotópica de tipos, apresentando várias provas de resultados da teoria da homotopia em “um novo estilo de ‘teoria de tipos informal’ que pode ser lida e entendida por um ser humano, como um complemento à prova formal que pode ser checada por uma máquina”. O objetivo desta dissertação é dar uma abordagem mais detalhada e acessível a algumas dessas provas. Escolhemos como leitmotiv uma versão tipoteórica (originalmente proposta por Michael Shulman) de uma prova padrão de 1(S1) = Z usando espaços de recobrimento. Um ponto crucial dela é o uso do “lema do achatamento” (flattening lemma), primeiramente formulado em generalidade por Guillaume Brunerie, cujo enunciado é bem complicado e cuja a prova é difícil, muito técnica e extensa. Enunciamos e provamos um caso particular desse lema, restringindo-o à mínima generalidade exigida pela demonstração de 1(S1) = Z. Também simplificamos outros resultados auxiliares, adicionamos detalhes a algumas provas e incluímos algumas provas originais de lemas simples como “composição de mapas preserva homotopia”, “contrabilidade é uma invariante homotópica”, “todo mapa entre tipos contráteis é uma equivalência”, etc.
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Sjögren, Anette, and Åsa Hedberg. "Vad är orsaken till utmattningssyndrom bland socialsekreterare?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-103975.
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Socialsekreterare är en yrkeskategori som far illa på grund av sin arbetssituation. Idag ser man på den höga arbetsbelastningen som det stora problemet. Det finns socialsekreterare som uppger att de har 40-50 pågående ärenden samtidigt. Att arbeta under sådana omständigheter skapar en negativ stress för många och för vissa har arbetet som socialsekreterare lett till utmattningssyndrom. Den här studien bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med fem socialsekreterare på tre olika socialtjänster i Västernorrland och Västerbottens län. Studien fokuserar på deras insjuknande i utmattningssyndrom och på vad de själva tror vara orsaken till att just de drabbats. Resultatet visar att de socialsekreterare som vi intervjuat har insjuknat i utmattningssyndrom till följd av en kombination av inre- och yttre stressorer. De inre, innebär att de har vissa egenskaper och personlighetsdrag, som gör att de inte klarar av de yttre, d.v.s. att jobba utifrån ett abstrakt förhållningssätt för att försöka hantera den extremt hög arbetsbelastningen.
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Zhang, Jingjuan. "Water deficit in bread wheat: Characterisation using genetic and physiological tools." Thesis, Zhang, Jingjuan ORCID: 0000-0002-1623-4675 (2008) Water deficit in bread wheat: Characterisation using genetic and physiological tools. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/457/.
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Under terminal water deficit, the impact of stem carbohydrate remobilization has greater significance because post-anthesis assimilation is limited, and grain growth depends on translocation of carbohydrate reserves. The working hypothesis of this thesis is that increases in stem carbohydrates facilitate tolerance to terminal drought in wheat. The goals of this thesis are to examine this hypothesis using physiological and genetic tools; identify genes that are related to QTL for stem carbohydrate; work with wheat and barley breeders to integrate findings into the breeding program of the Department of Agricultural and Food Western Australia.
The physiological data of three drought experiments (two years in a glasshouse and one year in the field) suggested the maximum level of stem water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) is not consistently related to grain weight, especially, under water deficit. The patterns of WSC accumulation after anthesis differed depending on variety and suggested that WSC degradation and translocation have different genetic determinants.
Most of the carbohydrates in stem WSC in wheat are fructans. Because 1-FEH gene was an important gene in fructan degradation, the three copies of this gene (1-FEH w1, 1-FEH w2 and 1-FEH w3) were isolated from the respective genomes of bread wheat. In addition, the genes were mapped to chromosome locations and coincided with QTL for grain weight. The results of gene expression studies show that 1-FEH w3 had significantly higher levels in the stem and sheath which negatively corresponded to the level of stem WSC in two wheat varieties in both water-deficit and well-watered treatments. Strikingly, the 1-FEH w3 appeared to be activated by water deficit in Westonia but not in Kauz. The results suggest that stem WSC level is not, on its own, a reliable criterion to identify potential grain yield in wheat exposed to water deficit during grain filling. The expression of 1-FEH w3 may provide a better indicator when linked to instantaneous water use efficiency, osmotic potential and green leaf retention, and this requires validation in field grown plants. In view of the location of the contribution to grain filling of stem WSC, this is a potential candidate gene contributing to grain filling. The numerous differences of intron sequences of 1-FEH genes would provide more opportunities to find markers associated with the QTL.
A new FEH gene was partially isolated from Chinese Spring and the sequence was closely related to 1-FEH genes. This gene, FEH w4, was mapped to 6AS using Chinese Spring deletion bin lines. The polymorphism of this gene was found between different bread varieties using PCRs and RFLPs, and this allowed the gene to be mapped to two populations of Hanxuan 10 x Lumai 14 and Cranbrook x Halberd. In the population of Hanxuan 10 x Lumai 14, it was close to SSR marker xgwm334 and wmc297 where the QTL of thousand grain weight and grain filling efficiency were located. This result indicated this gene might be another possible candidate gene for grain weight and grain filling in wheat.
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Zhang, Jingjuan. "Water deficit in bread wheat : characterisation using genetic and physiological tools /." Zhang, Jingjuan (2008) Water deficit in bread wheat: characterisation using genetic and physiological tools. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/457/.
Full textAbstract:
Under terminal water deficit, the impact of stem carbohydrate remobilization has greater significance because post-anthesis assimilation is limited, and grain growth depends on translocation of carbohydrate reserves. The working hypothesis of this thesis is that increases in stem carbohydrates facilitate tolerance to terminal drought in wheat. The goals of this thesis are to examine this hypothesis using physiological and genetic tools; identify genes that are related to QTL for stem carbohydrate; work with wheat and barley breeders to integrate findings into the breeding program of the Department of Agricultural and Food Western Australia.
The physiological data of three drought experiments (two years in a glasshouse and one year in the field) suggested the maximum level of stem water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) is not consistently related to grain weight, especially, under water deficit. The patterns of WSC accumulation after anthesis differed depending on variety and suggested that WSC degradation and translocation have different genetic determinants.
Most of the carbohydrates in stem WSC in wheat are fructans. Because 1-FEH gene was an important gene in fructan degradation, the three copies of this gene (1-FEH w1, 1-FEH w2 and 1-FEH w3) were isolated from the respective genomes of bread wheat. In addition, the genes were mapped to chromosome locations and coincided with QTL for grain weight. The results of gene expression studies show that 1-FEH w3 had significantly higher levels in the stem and sheath which negatively corresponded to the level of stem WSC in two wheat varieties in both water-deficit and well-watered treatments. Strikingly, the 1-FEH w3 appeared to be activated by water deficit in Westonia but not in Kauz. The results suggest that stem WSC level is not, on its own, a reliable criterion to identify potential grain yield in wheat exposed to water deficit during grain filling. The expression of 1-FEH w3 may provide a better indicator when linked to instantaneous water use efficiency, osmotic potential and green leaf retention, and this requires validation in field grown plants. In view of the location of the contribution to grain filling of stem WSC, this is a potential candidate gene contributing to grain filling. The numerous differences of intron sequences of 1-FEH genes would provide more opportunities to find markers associated with the QTL.
A new FEH gene was partially isolated from Chinese Spring and the sequence was closely related to 1-FEH genes. This gene, FEH w4, was mapped to 6AS using Chinese Spring deletion bin lines. The polymorphism of this gene was found between different bread varieties using PCRs and RFLPs, and this allowed the gene to be mapped to two populations of Hanxuan 10 x Lumai 14 and Cranbrook x Halberd. In the population of Hanxuan 10 x Lumai 14, it was close to SSR marker xgwm334 and wmc297 where the QTL of thousand grain weight and grain filling efficiency were located. This result indicated this gene might be another possible candidate gene for grain weight and grain filling in wheat.
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Perrino, Andrea L. "Global fairness beliefs: Steps beyond the disability." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/29153.
Full textAbstract:
In the past, people with disabilities were not encouraged to participate in physical activity beyond that of rehabilitation. As such, this group has been covertly and overtly excluded from participating in the development of a healthy lifestyle. This paper explored the factors leading to the exclusion of people with disabilities from the physically active community. The scope of justice literature was reviewed, and this area of research was taken further with the exploration of global fairness beliefs. This orientation toward others launches from previous research (e.g., Deutsch,1985; Opotow, 2000) and involves a set of beliefs (the belief that considerations of fairness apply to others, the belief in the allocation of a share of community resources to others, and belief in sacrificing to foster others well-being), which are argued to be relatively stable and fundamental to our behaviours. The first study tested a measure of global fairness beliefs (N = 206). The measure appeared to be sound with a strong one-factor model produced. The first study also showed that the measure had relatively good test-retest reliability as well as external and discriminant validity. Considering previous research (e.g., Opotow, 1994), the goal of the second study was to evaluate the moderating role of situations of conflict, dissimilarity and lack of utility in the relationship between global fairness beliefs and exclusionary attitudes and behavioural intentions toward people with disabilities within the fitness and physical activity community. A total of 282 participants were presented with scenarios depicting situations of high or low conflict, similarity and utility. Results showed little support for the hypotheses and some unexpected outcomes. Limitations of the current study, and future studies are proposed. Applications to the acceptance of people with disabilities both within the active community and beyond are discussed. Finally, the important influence that global fairness beliefs exert in the trends of the social world is discussed.
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Adkins, David A. "Scenic Design for Alan Ayckbourn's Taking Steps." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/AdkinsDA2003.pdf.
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Wagner, Manuela. "First steps to communication a pragmatic analysis." Tübingen Narr, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2778174&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Welch, Elisabeth. "Eating Disorders : Steps Towards an Increased Understanding." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-220951.
Full textAbstract:
Eating disorders and disordered eating attitudes and behaviors are characterized by an over-evaluation of weight and shape, under or over-controlled eating, as well as engagement in compensatory behaviors. The disorders are associated with psychological suffering, acute and long-term health impairments, a high rate of suicide attempts as well as an increased risk of mortality. Knowledge regarding the etiology of eating disorders is limited and based on current models it is not possible to adequately predict either who will get an eating disorder or who will recover. This lack of understanding has hindered the development of effective prevention and treatment interventions. The aim of the present thesis was to contribute towards an increased understanding of eating disorders and disordered eating attitudes and behavior through the collection of norms and psychometric data, investigation of risk factors and their roles, and focusing on the understudied group of males with eating disorders. Five studies were included. Specifically, Study I focused on collecting general population and clinical norms on the well-established Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the Clinical Impairment Assessment Questionnaire (CIA). Study II both collected general population norms on, and investigated psychometric properties of, the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ-8C), an instrument intended to assess body dissatisfaction. Study III focused on the role of perfectionism (an established risk factor for eating disorders) as a possible mediator or moderator between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior and attitudes. Finally, in Study IV and V attention was placed on males. In Study IV the specific aim was to compare the clinical characteristics between young males and females with eating disorders while in study V the specific aim was to explore variables associated with disordered eating among young males based on a compilation of factors known to play a role among females as well as factors thought to be uniquely associated with males, such as sexual orientation and drive for muscularity. A greater understanding of eating disorders will help reduce the stigma that is associated with eating disorders, easing the way for affected individuals to seek help and ultimately improve the development of effective prevention and intervention.
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Shen, Yun. "Accelerating data retrieval steps in XML documents." Thesis, University of Hull, 2005. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8310.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this research is to accelerate the data retrieval steps in a collection of XML (eXtensible Markup Language) documents, a key task of current XML research. The following three inter-connected issues relating to the state-of-theart XML research are thus studied: semantically clustering XML documents, efficiently querying XML document with an index structure and self-adaptively labelling dynamic XML documents, which form a basic but self-contained foundation of a native XML database system. This research is carried out by following a divide-and-conquer strategy. The issue of dividing a collection of XML documents into sub-clusters, in which semantically similar XML documents are grouped together, is addressed at first. To achieve this purpose, a semantic component model to model the implicit semantic of an XML document is proposed. This model enables us to devise a set of heuristic algorithms to' compute the degree of similarity among XML documents. In particular, the newly proposed semantic component model and the heuristic algorithms reflect the inaccuracy of the traditional edit-distance-based clustering mechanisms. After similar XML documents are grouped into sub-collections,the problem of querying XML documents with an index structure is carefully studied. A novel geometric sequence model is proposed to transform XML documents into numbered geometric sequences and XPath queries into geometric query sequences. The problem of evaluating an XPath query in an XML document is theoretically proved to be equal to the problem of finding the subsequence .matchings of a geometric query sequence in a numbered geometric document sequence. This geometric sequence model then enables us to devise two new stackbased algorithms to perform both top-down and bottom-up XPath evaluation in XML documents. In particular, the algorithms treat an XPath query as a whole unit, avoiding resource-consuming join operations and generating all the answers without semantic errors and false alarms. Finally the issue of supporting update functions in XML documents is tackled. A new Bayesian allocation model is introduced for the index structure generated in geometric sequence model. Based on k-ary tree data structure and the level traversal mechanism, the correctness and efficiency of the Bayesian allocation model in supporting dynamic XML documents is theoretically proved. In particular, the Bayesian allocation model is general and can be applied to most of the current index structures.
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Cunningham, Victor, Christopher A. Schrader, and James (Trae) Young. "Navy additive manufacturing: adding parts, subtracting steps." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/45834.
Full textAbstract:
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThis study examines additive manufacturing (AM) and describes its potential impact on the Navy’s Supply Chain Management processes. Included in the analysis is the implementation of 3D printing technology and how it could impact the Navy’s future procurement processes, specifically based on a conducted analysis of the automotive aerospace industry. Industry research and development has identified multiple dimensions of AM technology, including material variety, cost saving advantages, and lead-time minimizations for manufacturing products. This project is designed to provide the Navy with a recommendation based on an in-depth industry case-study analysis.
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Ng, Wai Nyin. "Pressure changing steps in pressure swing adsorption." Thesis, University of Bath, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296582.
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Toulkeridou, Varvara. "Dynamic descriptions : steps towards a design machine." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61561.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-61).
This thesis questions which would be a valid approach for building design machine aided by computational intelligence capable of generating surprises for their designers-observers. There have been efforts since the 1960s towards developing frameworks for design machines that were envisioning computational systems as something more than tools for efficient production and representation. Some of them were dealing with design problems as complex systems that needed to be broken down in modular parts, for example Christopher Alexander's "Notes on the Synthesis of Form". However such strategies were associated with explicit languages of descriptions and strong hierarchies, defined in advance by the designer, that were constraining the design space to what these predefined descriptions were anticipating. This thesis draws its motivation from the work of Professor of Design and Computation George Stiny on visual computations operating on non-fixed sets of primitives, as well as from research conducted in the field of Artificial Intelligence on alternative representations. I will propose a framework for a design machine highlighting the importance of it being able to generate its own dynamic descriptions, "entities" that bear content independent of the interpretations of their designers. Inspired by a computational system, developed by Stephen Larson (2003), capable of grounding its own symbols in perception, I will experiment with self-organizing map algorithms suggesting them as a possible way for a design machine to build up and update its language of description from its perceptual information.
by Varvara Toulkeridou.
S.M.
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Van, Baalen Jeffrey. "Steps towards a theory of representation design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/39952.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1989.Includes bibliographical references.
Supported by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense under Office of Naval Research. N00014-85-K-0124
by Jeffrey Van Baalen.
Ph.D.
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Gladstone, S. Gabrielle. "Investigating Biosynthetic Steps of an Angucycline Antifungal." DigitalCommons@USU, 2016. http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4963.
Full textAbstract:
From the bacterium Streptomyces sp. SCC-2136 (ATCC 55186), two angucycline natural products are produced, designated Sch 47554 and Sch 47555. These compounds are produced through a type II polyketide biosynthetic pathway. The early biosynthetic steps to these molecules were confirmed. These include the minimal polyketide synthase (PKS), the C-9 ketoreductase, the first-ring aromatase, the subsequent ring cyclase, and two oxy-genases. Also confirmed were the biosynthetic genes responsible for production of the first amicetose moiety, as well as the glycosyltransferase that creates a C-glycosidic bond between the angucyclic scaffold and the amicetose moiety. In confirming these pathways, two new natural products were produced: GG31, an amitosylated rabelomycin, and GG53, rabelomycin hydroxylated at C-12b. Future work will be to understand the late biosynthetic steps and generate new angucyclines through combinatorial biosynthesis.
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DiCenzo, Gregory Lawrence. "Elucidation of late steps in pisatin biosynthesis." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282830.
Full textAbstract:
Many plant species, in response to stresses, accumulate low molecular weight secondary metabolites called phytoalexins. Pea (Pisum sativum ) makes a pterocarpanoid phytoalexin called pisatin which is relatively unique among pterocarpans because its stereochemical configuration is different at two adjacent carbons from the corresponding carbons in pterocarpan phytoalexins synthesized by alfalfa, soybean, clover and other legumes. Previous research demonstrated that an (-) isoflavanone-synthesizing isoflavone reductase (EFR) is induced during (+) pisatin biosynthesis and the final step in the biosynthesis is the methylation of (+) cis-6a-hydroxymaackiain (HMK) by 6a-hydroxymaackiainmethyltransferase (HMM). And, contrary to a predominant model of (+) pisatin biosynthesis, the 6a-OH of pisatin was shown to involve oxygen from H₂O rather than O₂. This work describes the role of (-) isoflavanone (sophorol) in (+) pisatin biosynthesis. Radioactive tracer techniques were used both in vivo and in vitro to analyze metabolism of (-) sophorol and related isoflavonoids. I have found that, in vivo, the incorporation of (-) sophorol into (+) pisatin is more efficient than the incorporation of (+) sophorol and (+) maackiain, suggesting that the normal biosynthetic route to (+) pisatin utilizes (-) and not (+) sophorol and does not use maackiain. (+) Sophorol is not metabolized in vitro by pea protein extracts, although isoflavene, 7,2 '-Dihydroxy-4',5'-methylenedioxyisoflavanol (DMDI) and a novel diastereomer of HMK, trans-HMK, accumulate when (-) sophorol is used as substrate. A cDNA from pea, which encodes sophorol reductase (SOR), was cloned by homology to an alfalfa cDNA coding for isoflavanone reductase. The SOR cDNA was found to be transcribed in response to CuCl₂ treatment of pea seedlings, as was previously found for cDNAs of IFR and HMM, which are involved in pisatin biosynthesis. The SOR cDNA gene product specifically reduces (-) and not (+) sophorol in vitro. DMDI, the product formed by the activity from the recombinant protein, is incorporated in vivo into (+) pisatin. My current model of (+) HMK synthesis proposes that (-) sophorol and (3R) DMDI are normal in vivo pathway intermediates. However, trans-HMK is likely an artifact as it is a poor pisatin intermediate in vivo and is also a poor substrate in vitro for HMM.
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Гнаповська, Людмила Вадимівна, Людмила Вадимовна Гнаповская, and Liudmyla Vadymivna Hnapovska. "Basic Steps to Maximizing Students' Learning Potential." Thesis, Харківський національний університет ім. В.Н. Каразіна, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59505.
Full textAbstract:
The paper focuses on ways of facilitating students' learning potential while teaching foreign languages. Basic strategies used to maximize effectiveness of a communicative approach are treated as general plans derived from theoretical, empirical and pedagogic knowledge that is further implemented in situation-specific classroom techniques.У тезах розглянуто шляхи оптимізації залучення навчального потенціалу студентів при навчанні іноземних мов. Базові стратегії, які використовуються для підвищення ефективності застосування комунікативного підходу, розглядаються як сукупність теоретичних, емпіричних та педагогічних знань, які в подальшому імплементуються у конкретних ситуаціях уроку з іноземної мови.
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Saltysh, S. "10 steps to a net-zero home." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40493.
Full textAbstract:
What makes people buy home automation products? About
60 percent of those people do so because they consider energy
efficiency as among the most attractive benefits offered by these
home devices and services.
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Robbins, Natalie, Daniel McDonald, and Paula Rivadeneira. "Steps to Becoming a Certified School Garden." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625433.
Full textAbstract:
4 p.School gardens provide great teaching opportunities, while also encouraging healthy lifestyle choices. With sustainable school gardens growing more popular statewide, interest in serving garden grown produce in the school cafeteria is increasing. This article will help schools navigate the system for certifying their school garden and follow Standard Operating Procedures currently recommended.
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DeGomez, Tom, Norman F. Oebker, and Robert E. Call. "Ten Steps to a Successful Vegetable Garden." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/344448.
Full textAbstract:
Revised; Originally Published: 200810 pp.
Ten carefully taken steps will produce many enjoyable moments and an abundant harvest of fresh vegetables during much of the year. The ten steps are: 1) Select a good location. 2) Plan your garden layout. 3) Grow recommended varieties. 4) Obtain good seed, plants, equipment and supplies. 5) Prepare and care for the soil properly. 6) Plant your vegetables properly. 7) Irrigate with care. 8) Mulch & cultivate to control weeds. 9) Be prepared for pests and problems. 10) Harvest at peak quality.
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Call, Rob, and Norman F. Oebker. "Ten Steps to a Successful Vegetable Garden." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144752.
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Greer, Patricia. "Transforming central government : the Next Steps initiative." Thesis, University of Bath, 1994. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385221.
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Knierim, Bernhard. "Studies on the late rhodopsin activation steps." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15750.
Full textAbstract:
Rhodopsin ist der Photorezeptor der Stäbchenzellen in der Retina von Vertebraten und wird als Prototyp für die gesamte Gruppe der GPCRs beforscht. Trifft ein Photon auf das Protein, so wird der über eine Schiffbase kovalent gebundene Chromophor von seiner 11-cis- in die All-trans-Konfiguration isomerisiert und setzt infolgedessen den Aktivierungsprozess in Gang. Dieser mündet in der aktiven Rezeptorkonformation, die das G-Protein Transducin aktivieren kann und dadurch eine Kaskade weiterer Aktivierungsschritten einleitet, die letztlich ein Nervensignal verursachen. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Aufklärung der späten Aktivierungsschritte und ihrer Ursache-Wirkungs-Beziehungen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Blitzlichtphotolyse, Elektronenspinresonanz (EPR) mit Spinlabeling (SDSL), UV/vis-Spektroskopie, FTIR-Spektroskopie und Fluoreszenzspektroskopie angewandt. Kinetische Messungen wurden unter identischen Bedingungen durchgeführt, um die Abfolge der mit den unterschiedlichen Techniken zugänglichen Aktivierungsschritte aufzuklären. Nach der Bildung des absorptionsspektroskopisch definierten Meta-II-Zustands bewegt sich die Helix TM6 in einem späteren Schritt als ganzes nach außen und markiert damit den Übergang von Meta-IIa zu Meta-IIb. Dadurch wird die bis dahin in der Membran verborgene D(E)RY-Region für das Umgebungsmedium zugänglich und nimmt ohne Zeitverzögerung ein Proton auf, wodurch der Meta-IIb*H+-Zustand gebildet wird. Die verfügbaren Daten sprechen dafür, dass das D(E)RY-Motiv bei der Aktivierung des Transducins sowohl die Alpha- als auch die Gamma-Untereinheit desselben bindet. Die Bindung von zu Transducin-Abschnitten analogen Peptiden kann dann erfolgen, wenn die Helix TM6 im nach außen bewegten Zustand ist, und führt zur Abgabe von bis zu zwei Protonen vom aktivierten Rhodopsin. Sowohl das D(E)RY- und das NPxxY(x)5,6F-Motiv als auch die beiden Zustände Meta-IIb und Meta-IIb*H+ könnten relevant für den sequenziellen Transducin-Aktivierungsmechanismus sein.Rhodopsin is the photoreceptor in the rod cells of the vertebrate retina. It is considered as a prototype of the whole group of GPCRs. Upon absorption of a photon the chromophore, which is covalently bound through a Schiff base, is isomerized from its 11-cis into the all-trans configuration. This initiates the activation process and finally results in the active receptor conformation which is capable of activating the G protein transducin and thereby triggers a cascade of further activation steps which finally cause a nerve signal. The aim of this work was the clarification of the late activation steps and their cause-and-effect chain. For this purpose flash photolysis, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with spin labeling (SDSL), UV/vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were applied. Kinetic measurements were executed under identical conditions in order to elucidate the sequence of activation steps, which are accessible with the different techniques. After formation of the spectroscopically defined Meta-II state helix TM6 moves outward as a rigid body, thereby marking the transition from Meta-IIa to Meta-IIb. Therefore the D(E)RY region, which is until then buried in the membrane, gets accessible to the surrounding solution. It consequently takes up a proton without delay, thus forming the Meta-IIb*H+ state. Available data argue for the D(E)RY motif binding both the Alpha and the Gamma subunit of transducin during activation of the latter. The binding of peptides which are analogous to sections of transducin is possible when helix TM6 is in the outward position. It causes the release of up to two protons from the activated rhodopsin. Both the D(E)RY motif and the NPxxY(x)5,6F motif as well as both the states Meta-IIb and Meta-IIb*H+ are potentially relevant for the sequential transducin activation mechanism.
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Cavedon, Valentina. "Effects of rigid stems on sediment transport." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/367859.
Full textAbstract:
The vegetation is an important factor of quality of the river ecosystem, given its capability to contribute to the chemical, biological and physical quality of water. On the other hand, the presence of vegetation in riverbed modifies flow structure, flow resistance, sediment transport and morphology. Each single modification has been largely studied, but the knowledge on the mutual relationships are still limited.
This project faces a part of these still-unknown aspects by considering the case of rigid and emergent vegetation and the relationships with sediment transport, flow field, flow resistance and bed forms at small scale. The thesis is based on experimental approach coupled with theoretical analysis. In particular, the research contributes with a rational approach (ballistic approach) to the formulation of sediment transport capacity of a vegetated riverbed as a function of hydrodynamic conditions, types of sediments, dimension and distribution of plants. The validity of the ballistic approach is proved by the comparison with a large number of experimental results obtained in a laboratory channel, in which the vegetation was modeled with cylindrical and rigid elements. The experimental results were carried out for different flow conditions, arrangement of cylinders and cylinder dimensions. For the tests, three different sediments were used, at different densities and grain sizes. The comparison allows the determination of some empirical parameters related with the velocity of movement of particles, characteristics of sediments and plants incumbrance.
A partially rational approach for the determination of the empirical parameters comes from the analysis of the flow field through the cylinders. The experimental data highlight bed areas in which the contribution to the sediment discharge is smaller, and bed areas in which is larger, with respect to an unvegetated riverbed at the same flow conditions.
The flow field analysis shows also the physical mechanisms which rule the formation of bed forms induced by plants. Height and length of vegetation bed forms are measured and related with the density of vegetation, with the plant diameters and with the average distance between the cylinders interaxis. In particular, the experimental data show the linearity between length of bed forms and average
distance between stems.
Finally, measurements of the drag force exerted by the cylinders to the flow were carried out by means a load cell fixed to the cylinders in staggered configuration. The measurements were done in a channel with fixed bed, both plane and with bed forms. The experimental measurements of drag show that the drag coefficient depends on the density of vegetation and on the presence of bed forms. This dependence is confirmed by comparing the indirect measurements of the drag coefficient with the measurements done with the load cell and fixed bed. The indirect measurements were done in the flume with mobile bed and sediment transport, for both the staggered and random distribution of cylinders.
The direct measurements in the different experimental setup and the comparison between direct and indirect measurements put in evidence that the vegetation bed forms give a contribution to global resistance that, in particular cases, is comparable with the contribution due to the rigid stems, demonstrating that to consider negligible their effect can be sometimes a rough approximation.
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Cavedon, Valentina. "Effects of rigid stems on sediment transport." Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2012. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/781/1/Thesis-Cavedon.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The vegetation is an important factor of quality of the river ecosystem, given its capability to contribute to the chemical, biological and physical quality of water. On the other hand, the presence of vegetation in riverbed modifies flow structure, flow resistance, sediment transport and morphology. Each single modification has been largely studied, but the knowledge on the mutual relationships are still limited.
This project faces a part of these still-unknown aspects by considering the case of rigid and emergent vegetation and the relationships with sediment transport, flow field, flow resistance and bed forms at small scale. The thesis is based on experimental approach coupled with theoretical analysis. In particular, the research contributes with a rational approach (ballistic approach) to the formulation of sediment transport capacity of a vegetated riverbed as a function of hydrodynamic conditions, types of sediments, dimension and distribution of plants. The validity of the ballistic approach is proved by the comparison with a large number of experimental results obtained in a laboratory channel, in which the vegetation was modeled with cylindrical and rigid elements. The experimental results were carried out for different flow conditions, arrangement of cylinders and cylinder dimensions. For the tests, three different sediments were used, at different densities and grain sizes. The comparison allows the determination of some empirical parameters related with the velocity of movement of particles, characteristics of sediments and plants incumbrance.
A partially rational approach for the determination of the empirical parameters comes from the analysis of the flow field through the cylinders. The experimental data highlight bed areas in which the contribution to the sediment discharge is smaller, and bed areas in which is larger, with respect to an unvegetated riverbed at the same flow conditions.
The flow field analysis shows also the physical mechanisms which rule the formation of bed forms induced by plants. Height and length of vegetation bed forms are measured and related with the density of vegetation, with the plant diameters and with the average distance between the cylinders interaxis. In particular, the experimental data show the linearity between length of bed forms and average
distance between stems.
Finally, measurements of the drag force exerted by the cylinders to the flow were carried out by means a load cell fixed to the cylinders in staggered configuration. The measurements were done in a channel with fixed bed, both plane and with bed forms. The experimental measurements of drag show that the drag coefficient depends on the density of vegetation and on the presence of bed forms. This dependence is confirmed by comparing the indirect measurements of the drag coefficient with the measurements done with the load cell and fixed bed. The indirect measurements were done in the flume with mobile bed and sediment transport, for both the staggered and random distribution of cylinders.
The direct measurements in the different experimental setup and the comparison between direct and indirect measurements put in evidence that the vegetation bed forms give a contribution to global resistance that, in particular cases, is comparable with the contribution due to the rigid stems, demonstrating that to consider negligible their effect can be sometimes a rough approximation.
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Garcia, Hagman Gabriel. "Det moderna, transformativa ledarskapet i den förändrade försvarsmakten : En studie om ledarskap, motivation och stress." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-115768.
Full textAbstract:
Försvarsmakten i Sverige genomgick år 2010 omfattande förändringar för att bli mer tidsenlig och punktinsats-orienterad. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur försvarsmaktens organisationsförändring har påverkat officerarnas upplevelse av det ledarskap de utövar och hur de motiverar sina soldater samt undersöka officerarnas upplevda arbetsbörda och stress. Informationen hämtades genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem verksamma officerare. Resultatet av en tematisk analys visade att officerarna är anhängare av ett ledarskap där medarbetare inkluderas och får möjlighet att tillgodose sina psykologiska behov, vilket kan härledas till moderna och tidsenliga motivations- och ledarskapsteorier. Dessutom framgick det att de flesta officerarna upplevde stress som kan relateras till omorganisationen samt försvarsmaktens starka kultur.
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Kennedy, Claire Julia. "Strongly typed evolutionary programming." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/dd67df3a-62d4-4b54-93c9-449cb4f56522.
Full textAbstract:
As the potential of applying machine learning techniques to perplexing problems is realised, increasingly complex problems are being tackled, requiring intricate explanations to be induced. Escher is a func tional logic language whose higher-order constructs allow arbitrarily complex observations to be captured and highly expressive generalisations to be conveyed. The work presented in this thesis alleviates the challenging problem of identifying an underlying structure normally required to search the resulting hypothesis space efficiently. This is achieved through STEPS, an evolutionary based system that allows the vast space of highly expressive Escher programs to be explored. STEPS provides a natural upgrade of the evolution of concept descriptions to the higher-order level. In particular STEPS uses the individual-as-terms approach to knowledge representation where all the information provided by an example is localised as a single closed term so that examples of arbitrary complexity can be treated in a uniform manner. STEPS also supports ?-abstractions as arguments to higher-order functions thus enabling the invention of new functions not contained in the original alphabet. Finally, STEPS provides a number of specialised genetic operators for the design of specific concept learning strategies. STEPS has been successfully applied to a number of complex real world problems, including the international PTE2 challenge. This problem involves the prediction of the Carcinogenic activity of a test set of 30 chemical compounds. The results produced by STEPS rank joint second if the hypothesis must be interpretable and joint first if interpretability is sacrificed for increased accuracy.
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Mourikis, Philippos. "Cloning and characterization of Enigma, a mitochondrial protein involved in the regulation of Drosophila lifespan." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112155.
Full textAbstract:
Un criblage génétique utilisant des mouches transgéniques à été réalisé dans notre laboratoire; ces mouches surexpriment deux formes de Notch constitutivement activé, l'une liée à la membrane et l'autre nucléaire. Seul un groupe de complémentation modifiant exclusivement le phénotype de l'oeil induit par le Notch nucleaire mais sans effet sur les mouches Notch membranaires a été identifié. Ce groupe a été appelé Enigma (Egm). Egm code une protéine présentant une homologie avec les enzymes de β-oxidation: la voie mitochondriale qui contrôle la dégradation des acides gras. J'ai observé que le dosage d'Egm disponible est critique pour un développement normal de l'organisme; les animaux " knock-out " pour Egm ne survivent pas au delà de l'état de larve; une basse quantité de protéine, tout juste suffisante pour la survie, ralentis la croissance de l'organisme, tandis que des niveaux intermédiaires d'Egm aboutissent à une augmentation significative de la durée de vie. Les mutants Egm ayant une longue durée de vie présentent une tolérance accentuée au stress oxidatif, une propriété caractéristique des mutations de longévité. Egm est localisée dans la mitochondrie, le site intracellulaire ou la beta-oxidation a lieu. De plus, les mouches mutantes pour Egm présentent des niveaux réduits de triglycérides et des corps gras mal formés, corroborant ainsi l'hypothèse que le locus est impliqué dans le métabolisme des acides gras. L'identification de Egm en tant que locus vieillissant est donc cohérente avec les études préalables, mais on peut aussi suggérer que la beta-oxydation est un nouveau mécanisme du contrôle de la longévitéA large-scale genetic screen was performed in our laboratory using transgenic flies overexpressing either a membrane tethered or a nuclear form of constitutively activated Notch receptor in the adult eye. Only one complementation group was identified that modified exclusively the N nuclear-induced eye phenotype, but had no effect on the N membrane flies. This group was named Enigma (Egm). Cloning of the locus revealed it encodes for a protein with homology to enzymes of β-oxidation, the mitochondrial pathway that controls fatty acid breakdown. I observed that the dosage of available Egm is critical for the normal development of the organism; knock-out animals lacking Egm do not survive beyond the larval stage; low levels of the protein, just sufficient for survival, decelerate the growth rate of the organism, whereas intermediate amounts of Egm result in a significant extension of adult lifespan. The long-lived Egm mutants also demonstrate increased tolerance to oxidative stress, a signature feature of longevity mutations. Egm is localized into the mitochondria, the intracellular site of β-oxidation activity. In addition, Egm mutant animals show reduced levels of triglycerides and malformed fat bodies, corroborating the notion that the locus is involved in fatty acid metabolism. The identification of Egm as an aging locus is consistent with previous studies, but at the same time it is uncovering β-oxidation as a putative novel mechanism of longevity control